Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Pillars of Education
Pillars of Education
✓ e.g. concentration, memory skills, critical thinking skills, comprehension, asking questions, data
gathering & selecting information
2. LEARNING TO DO ✓
learning must transform certified skills into personal competence ✓ initiative and willingness to
work
3. LEARNING TO BE ✓
aims to provide self analytical and social skills to enable individuals to develop to their fullest
potential psycho-socially, affectively as well as physically, for a holistically-developed person ✓
e.g. personal development, professional development, self-actualization
a. Cognitive Purposes ✓
teaching the basic cognitive skills such as reading, writing, & speaking
c. Social Purposes ✓ concerns with the socialization of citizens into their various roles in society
d. Economic Purposes ✓ involves training & preparation of citizens for the world of work ---
1. ENCULTURATION ✓ aquisition of one owns culture thru the process of socialization with much
help of parents, peers & siblings ✓ very first familiarization process
• IMMERSION ✓ state where the individual is exposed to the social norms ✓ engage deeply in
the activities to absorb all the teachings given
2. ACCULTURATION ✓ amalgamation of two cultures ✓
the adoption of a minority cultural group of a majority's culture
• INTEGRATION ✓ adopting from new culture while still maintaining the original culture
• SEPARATION ✓ maintain original culture & minimize contact w/ the new culture
a. KARL MARX
✓ the founder of the CONFLICT school of thought
✓ believed that the class system separates the employers from workers and workers from
the benefits of their own labor
b. MAX WEBER ✓
the father of bureaucratic. thought ✓ class differences alone could not fully explain the
complex ways of society ✓ the main activity of schools is to teach particular “status cultures”
both in & outside the classroom ---
• INTERACTION THEORIES
✓ focus on the communication & the relationship that exists among and between
groups in education peers, teachers-students, teacher-principal, & teacher-parents
a. LABELLING THEORY
✓ related to expectations ✓ students are labeled either as gifted or learning disabled, fast or slow
learner, smart or dumb (affect the quality & speed of learning)
b. EXCHANGE THEORY
✓ based on the concept of reciprocity or mutual benefit ✓ bind individuals (teachers, students,
parents, administrators) with obligations (include reward & benefits)
✓ people behave in such a way that one individual can get something from the other & vice versa ---
KIND OF TENSION
• Tension Between Modernity & Tradition
✓ when for some the process of change is slow, for others it is not so, thereby creating problem of
adaptation • Tension Between Spiritual & Material
✓ when self-worth is equated with material accumulation may lead to apathy, passivity, hopelessness
& pessimism • Tension Between Individual & Universal
✓ challenge to an individual how he or she can adapt to the changing world without forgetting or
turning his/her back from the past
• Tension Between Long Term and Short Term Considerations