C.Name/S.Name Family Order D.O.S Life history M.O.

D Non Chemical Chemical

Cotton
Jassid Cicadellidae Homoptera • Eggs: yellowish white, 25-30 eggs • Active: Mar-Nov • Sucking pest • Weed removal • Imidacloprid
Amrasca bigitulla hatch in 4-11 days • Inactive: Nov-Feb • >50 or 100 host plants • Resistant variaties • Acetamiprid
bigitulla • Nymph: active, 1st instar yellowish, • Optimum: Jul-Aug • Sucks sap with proboscis • Avoid over irrigation • Deltamethrin
2nd greenish yellow • EIL: 1 per leaf • Release toxic material • Green lacewing
• Adult: green, black spot at tip of • Disturbs photosynthesis
forewing, live 3 months or more • If pop high, crop burns
Aphid Aphididae Homoptera • Egg: Yellowish or greenish • Active: Mar-Nov • Sucking pest • Lady bird beetle • midacloprid
Aphis gossypii • Nymph: brown to green • Inactive: overwinters • Suck cell sap • Green lacewing • Acetamiprid
• Adult: winged adult blacking, wingless • Optimum: Sep-Nov • Secrete honeydew • Avoid over irrigation • Carbosulfan
adult yellowish green • EIL: 12-15 per leaf • Fungus creates sooty mould • Resistant variaties
• Avoid excessive
Fertilization
Whitefly Aleyrodidae Homoptera • Eggs: creamy white • Active: throughout • Sucking pest • Avoid over irrigation • Imidacloprid
Bemisia tabaci • Nymph: greenish yellow • Optimum: Jun-Sep • Sucks cell sap • Excessive fertilisers • Acetamiprid
• Adult: yellowish body covered with • EIL: 5 per leaf • Toxic saliva • Resistant variaties • Spinosad
white waxy powder • Secrete honey dew-sooty mould • Avoid cultivation of
• CLCV alternate host
Thrips Thripidae Thysanoptera • Eggs: kidney shaped • Active: throughout • Sucking pest • Resistant variaties • Imidacloprid
Thrips tabaci • Nymph: pale yellow, wingless • Inactive: Oct-Mar • Suck exuding sap • Over irrigation • Acetamiprid
• Adult: slender, yellowish brown and • Optimum: Jul-Aug • Leaves winkle & fall off • Spinosad
blackish • EIL: 10 per leaf • Most damage to lower leaf • Diafenthiuron
• 50 viral diseases • Leaves become silvery white &
crumpled in shape
House cricket Gryllidae Orthoptera • Egg: yellowish, cylindrical, laid in • Active: throughout • Chewing pest • Make barriers and • Carbaryl
Acheta domestica clusters( 1 week) • Optimum: monsoon • Eat leaf area ditches • Endosulfan
• Nymph: smaller and wingless( 2-3 • Nocturnal insects • Feeds on clothes, starchy material • Collect by handnets & • Malathion
months) etc destroy
• Adult: light brown, long antennae, • Chirping sound • Higher seed rate
jumping legs • Disturbance at night
Surface grasshopper Acrididae Orthoptera • Eggs: oval, laid in pods, 3-430 eggs in • Active: throughout • Chewing pest • Make barriers and • Carbaryl
Chrotogonus 3-6cm depth • Inactive: winters • Serious attack in low rainfall ditches • Endosulfan
trachypterus • Nymph: brown to green, wing pads • Optimum: May-Aug • Cut away plants at germinating • Collect by handnets &
• Adult: green to brown, 20mm length, • 2 generation per year stage destroy
8mm width • Higher seed rate
Dusky cotton bug Lygaeidae Hemiptera • Egg: white-pale-light pink, cigar • Active: throughout • Lint stained red • Triphleps tantilus • Imidacloprid
Oxycarenus laetus shaped(5-10 days) • Inactive: winters • Sucks sap from seeds (nymphal parasitoid) • Acetamiprid
• Nymph: smaller than adult • Optimum: Mar-Nov • Seed germination reduced • Carbosulfan
• Adult: 12-13mm, dark brown, dirty • 36-50 days lifecycle • Seed shrivelled from inside
transparent wings
Cotton mealy bug Pseudococcidae Hemiptera • Egg: light yellow, oblong, white ovisac • Active: throughout • Suck cell sap • Uprooting infected • Thiodicarb
Phenococcus • Nymph: oval, yellow, reddish eyes, • Inactive: winters • Secrete honey dew-sooty mold • Remove alternate hosts • Chlorpyrifos
gossypiphilous male nymphs narrower • 1 month life cycle • Inject toxic saliva • Weed removal • Acephate
• Pupa: white, silken thread cocoon • Secrete cottony wax • Green lacewing • Carbaryl
• Adult: covered in white mealy powder, • Deformed bolls • Ladybird beetle
female wingless, male has transparent
wings
Spotted bollworm Noctuidae Lepidoptera • Eggs: greenish (3-4 days) 200-400 • Active: throughout • Bore into shoot • Trichogramma • Endosulfan
Earias insulana • Larva: dull greenish white, orange • Inactive: Nov-Feb • Make irregular holes • Early sowing • Thiodicarb
dots on prothoracic • Optimum: Jul-Sep • Shedding of fruiting body • Resistant variaties • Indoxacarb
• Pupa: greenish • EIL: 3 larvae per 25 plants • Poor quality lint • Remove alternate hosts • Cypermethrin
• Adult: forewings grass green • 17-19 days life cycle • Reduce boll formation
Pink bollworm Gelechiidae Lepidoptera • Egg: oval, white later brown • Active: Mar-Oct • Double seed formation • Trichogramma • Endosulfan
Pectinophora gossypiella • Larva: white, later pink, 8-10mm • Inactive: Nov-Feb • Rosette flowers • Deep ploughing • Thiodicarb
• Pupa: yellowish brown, size of rice • Optimum: July-Oct • Shedding of fruiting bodies • Destruction of offseason • Indoxacarb
grain • Short life cycle • Poor quality lint sprouts • Cypermethrin
• Adult: dark brown, black spots on • 3-4 weeks or 5-10 months • Entrance point becomes bulgy • Remove alternate hosts
forewings, hind wings fringed. • EIL: 5% boll damage inwardly
• Non outside sign of entrance
 C.Name/S.Name Family Order D.O.S Life history M.O.D Non Chemical Chemical

American bollworm Noctuidae Lepidoptera • Egg: ribbed & dome shaped, pale • Active: Apr-Oct • Voracious feeders • Handpicking • Endosulfan
Helicoverpa armigera white • Inactive: Nov-Jan • Make irregular holes • Over irrigation • Chlorpyrifos
• Larva: white-pale brown- reddish • Optimum: Jul-Oct • Squares do not develop into flowers • Remove cotton sticks • Spinosad
brown(8 instars) • EIL: 10% boll damage • Damage is in patches • Remove alternate hosts • Thiodicarb
• Pupa: Dark brown with sharp spine • Entrance no closed • Campoletis chlorideae
• Adult: yellowish brown, stout, brown (larval parasite)
forewings, hindwing lighter.
Army worm Noctuidae Lepidoptera • Eggs: yellowish green, clusters of • Active: Throughout • Caterpillars do damage • Handpicking eggs • Carbaryl
Spodoptera litura 150-200, 2-4 days • Inactive: Nov-Feb • Feed gregariously • Natural enemies • Chlorpyrifos
• Larva: velvety black, yellowish green • Optimum: Mar-Nov • Feed on leaves • Braconidae wasps • Thiodicarb
dorsal stripes • 32-60 days life cycle • Leave behind skeletons of leaves • Acephate
• Pupa: brown • EIL: spray on appearance • Active at night
• Adult: pale brown, forewings- golden • Extensive damage to tobacco
and greyish brown patterns nurseries
Sugarcane
Top Borer Pyralidae Lepidoptera • Eggs: oval, scale like covered with • Active: Mar-Nov • Caterpillar found in top portion • Remove dead hearts • Carbofuran
Scirpophaga nivella yellow or reddish brown hair. • Inactive: Dec-Feb • Shoots are killed (1st brood) • Remove top portion of • Diazinon
• Larva: creamy white • Optimum: Apr-Jul • Cause bunchy tops (2nd brood) sugarcane • Cartap
• Pupa: brownish • 5 generations/year • Stunted growth (3rd brood) • Kill caterpillars with
• Adult: pure white, are wing long, hind • Slow growing (4th brood) spike
wings shorter. • Dead hearts
Stem Borer Pyralidae Lepidoptera • Eggs: flat, scale like, pale yellow • Active: Mar-Nov • Bore into shoot at plant base • Uprooting of stubbles • Carbofuran
Chilo infuscatellous • Larva: dirty white or pale yellow, 5 • Inactive: Overwinters • Destroy young shoots • Remove dead heart • Ethoprophos
brownish longitudinal strips on body • Optimum: Apr-Jun • Create dead heart • Destroy eggs and moth
• Pupa: reddish brown, abdomen have • 5-6 weeks lifecycle • Severe damage-67%
zigzag edge • 5 generations
• Adult: brown pale yellow. Front wings
brownish with dark spots, hind wings
whitish
Root Borer Pyralidae Lepidoptera • Eggs: creamy white, scale like • Active: Apr-Oct • Bore into stem below soil surface • Destroy stubbles • Carbofuran
Emmalocera depressella • Larva: creamy white with transverse • Inactive: Overwinter • Plants dry up • Ratooning of crops • Diazinon
grooves on body • Optimum: Apr-Jul • Kill young plants in some cases • Trichogramma
• Pupa: yellow brown, tip of abdomen • 6-7 weeks lifecycle • Form dead hearts
knobbed
• Adult: fore wings pale or yellowish
brown, hind wings whitish
Gurdaspur Borer Pyralidae Lepidoptera • Eggs: white then grey • Active: Jul-Nov • Make punctures in aerial port of • Cut infested part • Furadan
Bissetia steniellus • Larva: creamy white, 4 longitudinal • Inactive: Nov-Jun cane. Tops dry • Earthing up of crop • Carbosulfan
reddish brown stripes • Optimum: Jul-Nov • 20%-75% damage • Remove stubbles
• Pupa: yellowish brown • 5-6 weeks lifecycle • Reduced sugar content
• Adult: dull brown, hind wings white, • 3 generations • Make spiral galleries when bore.
fore wings have dark spots
Sugarcane pyrilla/ Lophopidae Homoptera • Eggs: pale white, oval • Active: Mar-Oct • Feed on underside of leaves • Collect and destroy • Deltamenthrin
leafhopper • Nymph: greyish brown, 2 filaments • Inactive: Nov-Mar • Suck cell sap • Epipyrops parasite • Furanthiocarb
Pyrilla perpusilla • Adult: straw coloured, wings lights • Optimum: Jul-Sep • Secrete honey dew- sooty mold • Acetamiprid
brown • ETL: 3-5 per leaf • Disturbs photosynthesis
• Very little sugar obtained
Rice
Brown plant hopper Delphacidae Homoptera • Egg: cylindrical, transparent • Active: Throughout • Suck cell sap from leaves • Remove wild grasses • Cabaryl
Nelaparvata lugens • Nymph: dark brown • Inactive: Nov-Feb • Leaves turn yellow then brown • Destroy stubbles • Acephate
• Adult: brown, hind wings have brown • Optimum: July-Sep • Low crop yield 10-70% • Increase plant spacing • Carbosulfan
markings and dark veins • 18-24 days lifecycle in • Give brownish hue to field • Resistant variaties
summer • Biocontrol-bauveria,
beetles, spider etc
Green leaf hopper Cicadellidae Homoptera • Egg: crescent shaped • Active: Mar-Nov • Suck cell sap from leaves • Weed removal • Cabaryl
Nephotettix nigropictus • Nymph: 6-18 days • Inactive: Nov-Mar • Leaves turn yellow then brown • Resistant variaties • Acephate
• Adult: greenish • Optimum: Jul-Aug • Attack starts from tip • Avoid over irrigation • Carbosulfan
• 6 generations • Tungo virus
• N.verescens- vector
 C.Name/S.Name Family Order D.O.S Life history M.O.D Non Chemical Chemical

White stem borer Pyralidae Lepidoptera • Eggs: creamy white • Active: Apr-Nov • Unto 90% loss • Use light traps • Carbofuran
Scirpophaga innotata • Larva: pale white/yellowish white • Inactive: Nov-Mar • Forms dead heart • Destruction of eggs • Diazinon
• Pupa: pale white in silken cocoon • Optimum: Mid aug-Mid oct • Move to other tillers after killing one • Sow nursery after 20th • Cartap
• Adult: slender, white with orange • Milky or white ears may
hairs, black spot on wings • Telenomus sp.-egg
parasitoid
White backed plant Delphacidae Homoptera • Egg: Laid in masses in leaf sheath • Active: Mar-Nov • Suck cell sap from leaf • Weed removal • Cabaryl
hopper • Nymph: greyish white turns dark grey • Inactive: Dec-Feb • Leaves turn yellow and dry • Resistant variaties • Acephate
Sogatella furcifera • Adult: straw coloured, white back • Optimum: Aug-Sep • Burnt appearance • Avoid over irrigation • Carbosulfan
• Several generations • Low crop yield
Wheat
Wheat Aphid Aphididae Homoptera • Nymph: wingless, resemble adult • Active: Feb-Oct/Nov • Suck cell sap • Lady bird beetle • Not recommended
Macrosiphum micanthi • Adult: green, shining eyes • Inactive: Dec-Jan • Lower plant vigour • Rope dragging
• Optimum: Feb-Mar • Lower grain formation • Spray water with
• EIL: 10 • Up to 40% loss pressure
Wheat Armyworm Noctuidae Lepidoptera • Eggs: round, light green then pale • Active: Feb-Nov • Feed on leaves, leave behind • Collection and • Not recommended
Mythimna separate yellow then black • Inactive: Nov-Feb skeleton destruction
• Larva: dull white then green • Optimum: Feb-May/Jun • Severe attack-whole leaf consumed
• Pupa: brownish • Sporadic pest • Up to 40% damage
• Adult: pale brown • Spin threads and suspend in air to
reach other parts.
Maize
Maize Jassid Cicadellidae Homoptera • Egg: light yellow green turns green • Active: Mar-Oct • Suck the plant material • Weed removal • Carbosulfan
Zygina manblensis • Nymph: 5 instars • Inactive: Nov-Mar • Feeding leaves white streaks on • Resistant variaties • Imidacloprid
• Adult: yellowish, hind wings bluish • Optimum: May-Apr, Aug- leaves • Avoid over irrigation • Triazophos
Sep • Leaves dry
• Crop yield reduced