Professional Documents
Culture Documents
LESSON TITLE :
What is Science?
Science is exciting
Science is useful
Science is ongoing
What is Culture?
Taylor: “Culture is the complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art,
morals, law, customs and habits, and any capabilities acquired by man as a
member of society”
Linton: “Culture is social heredity, which is transmitted from one generation
to another with the accumulation of individual experiences”
John Beattee: “Culture is the way of life which is transmitted from
generation to generation
Technology Shapes Culture
What is Ethics?
❖ Ethics is a set of beliefs about right and wrong behavior within a society.
Ethical behavior conforms to generally accepted norms—many of which are
almost universal.
The term morality refers to social conventions about right and wrong that
are so widely shared that they become the basis for an established
consensus.
A virtue is a habit that inclines people to do what is acceptable, and a vice is
a habit of unacceptable behavior.
A person who acts with integrity acts in accordance with a personal code of
principles. One approach to acting with integrity—one of the cornerstones of
ethical behavior—is to extend to all people the same respect and
consideration that you expect to receive from others.
Morals, Ethics, & Laws
Morals are one’s personal beliefs about right and wrong, while the term ethics
describes standards or codes of behavior expected of an individual by a group
(nation, organization, profession) to which an individual belongs. Law is a
system of rules that tells us what we can and cannot do. Laws are enforced by a
set of institutions (the police, courts, law-making bodies). Legal acts are acts
that conform to the law.
Ethics in IT
Vendor Certifications
Many IT vendors—such as Cisco, IBM, Microsoft, SAP, and Oracle—offer certification
programs for those who use their products. Workers who successfully complete a
program can represent themselves as certified users of a manufacturer’s product.
Depending on the job market and the demand for skilled workers, some certifications
might substantially improve an IT worker’s salary and career prospects. Certifications
that are tied to a vendor’s product are relevant for job roles with very specific
requirements or certain aspects of broader roles.
Certifications Certifications in high demand
Negligence has been defined as not doing something that a reasonable person
would do or doing something that a reasonable person would not do. Duty of
care refers to the obligation to protect people against any unreasonable harm
or risk.
The courts decide whether parties owe a duty of care by applying a reasonable
person standard to evaluate how an objective, careful, and conscientious
person would have acted in the same circumstances. Likewise, defendants
who have particular expertise or competence are measured against a
reasonable professional standard.
IT Professional Malpractice
1 Software Piracy
• Software piracy in a corporate setting can sometimes be directly traceable to IT
professionals—they might allow it to happen, or they might actively engage in it.
Structuring
Information Systems Installing and
Maintaining a
to Protect Data and
Corporate Firewall
Information
References
1. https://www.rep.routledge.com/articles/thematic/information-technology-and-
ethics/v-1
2. https://www.ime.usp.br/~tassio/TMP/bks/32983_053874622X.pdf
3. https://www.tutorialspoint.com/fundamentals_of_science_and_technology/role_o
f_science_and_technology_in_todays_life.htm
4. http://digicult.it/digimag/culture-technology-hand-hand/
Ethics… has been well called “the
religion of science”