INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING
Industrial Engineering
Definition of IE by the American Institute of Industrial Engineers
(1955):
Industrial engineering is concerned with the design, improvement,
and installation of integrated systems of people, materials,
equipment, energy, and information.
It draws upon specialized knowledge and skill in the mathematical,
physical, and social sciences, together with the principles and
methods of engineering analysis and design, to specify, predict,
and evaluate the results to be obtained from such systems.
OBJECTIVES OF INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING
to increase the productivity
by eliminating unproductive operations
and improving the effective utilisation of
resources.
IE in General terms
Modern industrial engineering is a broad discipline
encompassing analysis, design and improvement of
any and all productive elements of any enterprise.
The main aim of tools and techniques of industrial
engineering is to improve the productivity of the
organization by optimum utilization of organizations
resources: people, materials, and machines.
IE in General terms contd..
IE emphasises the following:
1) Standardisation: standardises parts, products, production processes,
etc.;
2) Simplification: simplifies parts, products, production processes, etc.
as much as possible;
3) Specialisation: specialises parts, products, production processes and
skills.
‘Standardisation’ is the most basic in IE; it makes task/work/operation
proceed according to the ‘standard’ settled as a measure of performance.
Introduction to Industrial Engineering
The prime objective of industrial engineering is to increase the
productivity by eliminating unproductive operations and improving the
effective utilisation of resources.
The main resources are people, money, materials, equipment and
machinery.
The Industrial Engineer carries out such analysis in order to achieve
the objectives (to increase productivity, or profits, etc.) and policies of
the organization.
Productivity improvement implies:
(i) a more efficient use of resources,
(ii) less waste per unit of input supplied,
(iii) higher levels of output for fixed levels of input supplied and so on.
Introduction to Industrial Engineering
The inputs may be
(i) human efforts
(ii) energy in any of its myriad forms,
(iii) materials,
(iv) invested capital etc.
Succinctly stated, the mission would be to try to produce
more or to serve better without increasing the resources
being consumed.
TECHNIQUES OF INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING
1) Method Study
2) Time Study (Work Measurement)
3) Motion Economy
4) Financial and Non-financial Incentives
5) Value Analysis
6) Production, Planning and Control
7) Inventory Control
8) Job Evaluation
9) Material Handling Analysis
10) Ergonomics (Human Engineering)
11) System Analysis
12) Operation Research Techniques
13) The Other Techniques Include – Statistical process control techniques, Group technology,
Organisation and Methods (O & M)
Functions of Industrial Engineering
●
Selection of processes and assembling methods.
●
Selection and design of tools and equipment.
●
Design of facilities including plant location, layout of buildings,
machines and equipment, material handling system, raw materials
and finished goods storage facilities.
●
Design and improvement of planning and control systems for
production, inventory, quality and plant maintenance and
distribution systems.
●
Developing a cost control system such as budgetary control, cost
analysis and standard costing.
●
Development of time standards, costing and performance standards.
●
Development and installation of job evaluation systems.
Functions of Industrial Engineering
●
Installation of wage incentive schemes.
●
Design and installation of value engineering and analysis
system.
●
Operation research including mathematical and statistical
analysis.
●
Performance evaluation.
●
Organisation and Methods (O & M).
●
Project feasibility studies.
●
Supplier selection and evaluation.
Field of application of Industrial Engineering
1) Production planning and control.
2) Inventory control.
3) Job evaluation.
4) Facilitates planning and material handling.
5) System analysis.
6) Linear programming.
7) Simulation.
8) Network analysis (PERT, CPM).
9) Queuing models.
Field of application of Industrial Engineering
10) Assignment.
11) Sequencing and transportation models.
12) Games theory and dynamic programming.
13) Group technology.
14) Statistical techniques.
15) Quality control.
16) Decision making theory.
17) Replacement models.
18) Assembly line balancing.
19) MRP-JIT-ISO-TQM
