⻩⾊笑话是⼀种服从性测试

LearnAndRecord 2023-05-04 21:05 发表于浙江

收录于合集
66个
#跟着LR看新闻学英语

近⽇，著名编剧史航被多名⼥性指控性骚扰，史航本⼈晒出微信聊天记录回应称不存在性骚扰。

⼩作业：

1. Based on the article, which of the following statements is true regarding sexist
jokes in the workplace?
A. They are no longer acceptable in any public forum.
B. Men from all over the world are equally comfortable with them.
C. Women do not feel the need to brush off or laugh at them.
D. There is no difference between having a joke in the workplace or delaying it until "you
are with your mates at the pub" for female co-workers.

2. What is the impact of sexist jokes on women and non-binary people in the
workplace, according to Hillary Margolis?
A. They make them feel excluded.
B. They make them feel empowered.
C. They make them feel indifferent.
D. They make them laugh.

⽆注释原⽂：

Is it okay to tell a dirty joke at work?

00:00 04:11

Is it okay to tell a dirty joke at work?

From: BBC
6 March 2020

On her first day in a new job in the City, Kate (not her real name) didn't know what to
expect. Now a successful executive, she remembers being ready to roll with the punches,
anything in order to get ahead.

What she didn't expect was unrelenting sexual innuendo.

Whenever she wore red heels, one of her bosses joked about how she wasn't "wearing
knickers".

In other meetings, senior male colleagues would say "while you're down there", when she
was plugging in a computer.

By the time she quit, she says, she knew the reference to red shoes was a joke that was
often made.

While Kate doesn't mind a bit of "banter", she says it was just too easy for lines to be
blurred, especially within the tough culture of the City. What was meant as joking around
with the boys, when you are the subject of the comments amount to sexual harassment.

She told the human resources team who handled her exit interview that this kind of office
"humour" had driven her to attempt suicide.

'Disparaging'
While Kate's experience was extreme, others agree with her, that "jokes" at work often get
out of hand. In one survey, out of 20,000 people questioned, only 16% of British women
were comfortable with sexual workplace humour.

On the other hand, 28% of men in the UK think it is okay to tell a dirty joke at work. And
British men are happier to have a laugh over a crude joke, than men from many other parts
of the world including Turkey, Mexico, Australia, Canada and the United States.

The difference between having a joke in the workplace or delaying it until "you are with
your mates at the pub" can mean a lot to female co-workers, says Hillary Margolis a senior
researcher at Human Rights Watch.

"A lot of women feel they have to brush or laugh off a joke or they will be seen as too
serious. But it can make women and those who identify as non-binary - and also people who
are LGTBQ - feel disparaged," she says.

Sexist jokes can also make men feel uncomfortable, especially if they are in a female
dominated work environment.

'Impact understated'
More often than not, a joke is really meant to be a joke, Ms Margolis says, but sometimes
people think sexual humour at work is a form of sexism, which makes women feel excluded.

"Sometimes these things can shut people down and make women feel like they have to
hide who they truly are.

"Women will often laugh at these kind of jokes in the workplace because they don't want to
be perceived as being too emotional, sensitive or like they just can't hack it," says Ms
微信扫⼀扫
Margolis. 关注该公众号

Having to feel like they not free to be themselves, can put people on the back foot.

She adds: "Sometimes the impact is really underestimated".

Not tolerated
Kate's upsetting experience was some years ago now. Bev Shah, who founded City Hive, a
social network for workers in finance, says she does not know of anyone these days who
would joke openly this way.

"These types of jokes are no longer acceptable in any public forum in the same way racial
jokes no longer are," said Ms Shah.

She says any comments of that sort should ring immediate alarm bells for employers,
especially in the post #metoo era, and shouldn't be tolerated.

Speaking up
The survey, by Ipsos MORI and the Global Institute for Women's Leadership at King's
College London asked people across the world in 27 countries.

The countries where workplace humour of a sexual nature was most acceptable were
Belgium and China where 47% of men would joke or tell stories about sex.

Where as under 13% of men in Mexico, America and Canada agreed.

When it comes to speaking up, just like Kate will today, British women do not fear pushing
back against inappropriate jokes. Over 80% of UK women surveyed said they would "tell off
family or friends who make a sexist comment".

And, British men also said they would stick up for women as well with 73% willing to take a
stand against sexism.

很抱歉，请在⼿机微信登录投票

1.Based on the article, which of the following statements is true（单选）

A. They are no longer acceptable in any public forum.

B. Men from all over the world are equally comfortable with them

C. Women do not feel the need to brush off or laugh at them.

D. There is no difference between having a joke in the work...

2.What is the impact of sexist jokes on women and non-binary ...（单选）

A. They make them feel excluded.

B. They make them feel empowered.

C. They make them feel indifferent.

D. They make them laugh.

-◆-
注：中⽂⽂本为机器翻译并⾮⼀⼀对应，仅供参考

LearnAndRecord
⾮英专研究⽣在读，每天持续⾏动学外语，⽇更3000+天。学习记录，英语，翻译。前…
261篇原创内容

公众号

含注释全⽂：

Is it okay to tell a dirty joke at work?

From: BBC
6 March 2020

On her first day in a new job in the City, Kate (not her real name) didn't know what to
expect. Now a successful executive, she remembers being ready to roll with the punches,
anything in order to get ahead.

在伦敦城新⼯作的第⼀天，凯特（化名）不知道会发⽣什么。如今，作为⼀名成功的⾼管，她回
忆说，当时为了出⼈头地，她做了好应对任何事情的准备。

roll with the punches

字⾯意思是“在挨拳头时即随之滚动”，可以引申为在⾯临困难时懂得随机应变，表示“渡过⼀道道
难关；克服⼀连串困难”，英⽂解释为“to be able to deal with a series of difficult situations”。

What she didn't expect was unrelenting sexual innuendo.

但她没有想到的是⽆休⽌的性暗示。

unrelenting

unrelenting /ˌʌn.rɪˈlen.tɪŋ/ 表示“坚定不移的；不松懈的；不屈不挠的”，英⽂解释为“extremely

determined; never becoming weaker or admitting defeat”举个 ：She will be remembered
as an unrelenting opponent of racial discrimination. 她不屈不挠地反对种族歧视，将会为⼈所
铭记。

也可以指“⽆休⽌的（不愉快的事情）；持续的；不缓和的；势头不减的”，英⽂解释为“If you
describe something unpleasant as unrelenting, you mean that it continues without
stopping.”

innuendo

innuendo /ˌɪn.juˈen.dəʊ/ 表示“影射（的话）；暗讽（的话）”，英⽂解释为“(the making of) a

remark or remarks that suggest something sexual or something unpleasant but do not refer
to it directly” 举 个 ： There's always an element of sexual innuendo in our conversations.
我们的交谈中总有性暗示的成分。

Whenever she wore red heels, one of her bosses joked about how she wasn't "wearing
knickers".

每次她穿红⾊⾼跟鞋时，其中⼀个⽼板都会开玩笑地说她没有“穿内裤”。

heel

本身表示“鞋跟”，英⽂解释为“the raised part at the back of a shoe, under your heel”，也可

以指“脚跟”，英⽂解释为“the rounded back part of the foot”。

复数heels，表示“⼥⾼跟鞋”，英⽂解释为“Heels are women's shoes that are raised very high

at the back. ”

knickers

knickers /ˈnɪk.əz/ 表 示 “ （ ⼥ ⽤ ） 衬 裤 ， 内 裤 ” ， 英 ⽂ 解 释 为 “a piece of underwear worn by

women and girls covering the area between the waist and the tops of the legs”如：a pair of
black cotton knickers ⼀条⿊⾊棉质内裤。

In other meetings, senior male colleagues would say "while you're down there", when she
was plugging in a computer.

在其他会议上，当她给电脑接⼊电源时，资深男同事会说“趁你还在下⾯”。

plug in

plug (sth) in/plug (sth) into sth表示“给…接通电源；把（某⼀电器）与（另⼀电器）接通”，英

⽂解释为“to connect an electrical device to an electrical system or device so that it can be
used, by pushing its plug into a socket” 举 个 ： Of course the radio isn't working - you
haven't plugged it in! 你没有插电源，收⾳机当然不响了！

By the time she quit, she says, she knew the reference to red shoes was a joke that was
often made.

她说，当她辞职时，她知道红鞋是⼀个经常被拿来开玩笑的东⻄。

While Kate doesn't mind a bit of "banter", she says it was just too easy for lines to be
blurred, especially within the tough culture of the City. What was meant as joking around
with the boys, when you are the subject of the comments amount to sexual harassment.

虽然凯特不介意⼀些“玩笑”，但她表示，界限太容易模糊了，尤其是在伦敦城竞争激烈的环境
中。当你成为评头论⾜的对象时，本应只是男孩们开玩笑的东⻄，就变成了性骚扰。

banter

banter /ˈbæntə/ 表 示 “ ⽆ 恶 意 的 玩 笑 ” ， 英 ⽂ 解 释 为 “Banter is teasing or joking talk that is

amusing and friendly.”举个 ：As she closed the door, she heard him exchanging good-
natured banter with Jane. 她关⻔时听⻅他与简在开着善意的玩笑。

blurred

blurred /blɜːd/ 1 ） 表 示 “ 弄 不 清 的 ； 分 不 清 的 ” ， 英 ⽂ 解 释 为 “difficult to understand or

separate clearly”举个 ：Do you agree that male and female roles are becoming blurred?
你是否同意男⼈和⼥⼈的⻆⾊差别正变得越来越模糊？

2）表示“模糊的”，英⽂解释为“difficult to see”举个 ：The photograph was very blurred. 这

张照⽚很模糊。

amount to sth

表示“等于；意味着；达到；总计”，英⽂解释为“to be the same as something, or to have the

same effect as something” 举 个 ： His behaviour amounted to serious professional
misconduct. 他的⾏为相当于严 失职。

sexual harassment

sexual harassment /ˌsek.ʃʊəl həˈræs.mənt/ 表示“性骚扰”，英⽂解释为“unwanted or offensive

sexual attention, suggestions, or talk, especially from an employer or other person in a
position of power”

She told the human resources team who handled her exit interview that this kind of office
"humour" had driven her to attempt suicide.

她告诉负责她离职⾯谈的⼈⼒资源团队，这种办公室“幽默”让她试图⾃杀。

'Disparaging' 蔑视

While Kate's experience was extreme, others agree with her, that "jokes" at work often get
out of hand. In one survey, out of 20,000 people questioned, only 16% of British women
were comfortable with sexual workplace humour.

尽管凯特的经历是极端的，但其他⼈也同意她的观点，即公司⾥的“玩笑”经常失控。在⼀项针对2
万⼈的调查中，只有16%的英国⼥性对职场性幽默感到⾃在。

disparaging

disparaging /dɪˈspær.ɪ.dʒɪŋ/ 表 示 “ 贬 斥 的 ， 贬 低 的 ” ， 英 ⽂ 解 释 为 “criticizing someone, in a

way that shows you do not respect or value them”如：disparaging remarks 贬损的⾔辞。

On the other hand, 28% of men in the UK think it is okay to tell a dirty joke at work. And
British men are happier to have a laugh over a crude joke, than men from many other parts
of the world including Turkey, Mexico, Australia, Canada and the United States.

另⼀⽅⾯，28%的英国男性认为在⼯作中讲⻩⾊笑话是可以的。⽽相对于⼟⽿其、墨⻄哥、澳⼤
利亚、加拿⼤和美国等许多其他地区的男性来说，英国男性更乐于开粗俗的玩笑。

crude

crude /kruːd/ 1）表示“粗糙的；简陋的；粗制的；未加修饰的”，英⽂解释为“simple and not

skilfully done or made”如：a crude device/weapon 简陋的装置/粗制的武器。

2）表示“粗俗的；粗 的 ； ⽆ 礼 的 ” ， 英 ⽂ 解 释 为 “rude and offensive” 如 ： a crude

remark/comment 粗俗的话/评论。

The difference between having a joke in the workplace or delaying it until "you are with
your mates at the pub" can mean a lot to female co-workers, says Hillary Margolis a senior
researcher at Human Rights Watch.

⼈权观察组织⾼级研究员希拉⾥·⻢⼽利斯（Hillary Margolis）说，在⼯作场所开玩笑或者等到
“你和你的朋友在酒吧时”再开玩笑之间的区别对⼥同事来说意义 ⼤。

pub

pub /pʌb/ 表示“（英国或爱尔兰的）酒吧，酒馆”，英⽂解释为“a place, especially in Great

Britain or Ireland, where alcoholic drinks can be bought and drunk and where food is often
available”举个 ：Do you want to go to (informal go down) the pub after work? 你下班后想
去酒吧吗？

"A lot of women feel they have to brush or laugh off a joke or they will be seen as too
serious. But it can make women and those who identify as non-binary - and also people who
are LGTBQ - feel disparaged," she says.

她说：“很多⼥性觉得她们必须对笑话置之不理或⼀笑了之，否则她们会被视为过于严肃。但这可
能会让⼥性和那些认为⾃⼰是⾮⼆元性别的⼈——以及LGTBQ的⼈——感到被蔑视。”

brush sth off

表示“漠视，不理睬”，英⽂解释为“to refuse to listen to what someone says, or to refuse to

think about something seriously”举个 ：He just brushed off all their criticisms. 他对他们的
⼀切批评都置之不理。

laugh sth off

表 示 “ 对 … ⼀ 笑 置 之 ” ， 英 ⽂ 解 释 为 “to make yourself laugh about something unpleasant in

order to make it seem less important or serious” 举 个 ： She tried to laugh off their
remarks, but I could see she was hurt. 她试图对他们的话⼀笑置之，但我看得出她的内⼼还是
受到了伤害。

non-binary

binary本身表示“⼆进制的”（The binary system expresses numbers using only the two digits
0 and 1. It is used especially in computing.）在计算机的世界⾥，处理的实际上都是0和1这两
个数字。

此处binary表示“⼆元的；有两个不同部分的”，英⽂解释为“Binary describes something that

has two different parts.” non-binary就是表示“⾮⼆元性別的”，英⽂解释为“having a gender
identity (= feeling of being a particular gender) that is not simply male or female”. 也被⼴泛
称作Genderqueer（性别酷⼉），⽤来指称那些超越传统意义上对男性或⼥性的⼆元划分、不单
纯属于男性或⼥性的⾃我性别认同。

此前纽约时报的有⼀篇⽂章专⻔讲述了Nonbinary⼀词：“Washington, D.C., schools are the

latest, with a small change on the public school enrollment form for next year that some
members of the L.G.B.T.Q. community regard as a big step forward: The term “nonbinary,”
which refers to people who do not identify exclusively as male or female, will be included as
a gender choice.” “华盛顿特区的学校对明年的公⽴学校⼊学表格做出了⼀个⼩改动：“⾮⼆元
性别的”——意指那些性别认同不单纯属于男性或⼥性的⼈，被加⼊到性别选择中。这是被⼀些
L.G.B.T.Q.群体成员认为是⼀⼤进步的最新例⼦。”

Sexist jokes can also make men feel uncomfortable, especially if they are in a female
dominated work environment.

性别歧视笑话也会让男性感到不舒服，尤其是如果他们处于⼥性主导的⼯作环境中。

'Impact understated' 影响被低估

More often than not, a joke is really meant to be a joke, Ms Margolis says, but sometimes
people think sexual humour at work is a form of sexism, which makes women feel excluded.

⻢⼽利斯⼥⼠说，通常情况下，笑话就是笑话，但有时⼈们认为⼯作中的性幽默是⼀种性别歧
视，这让⼥性感到被排斥。

more often than not

1 ） 表 示 “ 往 往 ， 多 半 ” ， 英 ⽂ 解 释 为 “most of the time” 举 个 ： More often than not, a

student will come up with the right answer. 学⽣多半会作出正确的回答。

2）more often than not = as often as not 表示“通常，常常，⼀般”，英⽂解释为“usually”举个

：More often than not when I make the effort to visit her, I wonder why I even bothered.
常常是当我很费劲去探望她的时候，我就纳闷我为什么要找这麻烦。

exclude

1 ） 表 示 “ 排 除 …； 不 考 虑 …； 认 为 … 不 可 能 ” ， 英 ⽂ 解 释 为 “to decide that something is not

true or possible”举个 ：We can't exclude the possibility that he is dead. 我们不能排除他已
经死亡的可能性。

2）表示“阻⽌…进⼊；把…排斥在外”，英⽂解释为“to prevent someone or something from

entering a place or taking part in an activity”举个 ：Microbes must, as far as possible, be
excluded from the room during an operation. 在⼿术过程中，要尽可能防⽌细菌进⼊⼿术室。

电 影 《 简 · 爱 》 （ Jane Eyre ） 中 的 台 词 提 到 ： Children, I exhort you to shun her, exclude

her, shut her out from this day forth. 孩⼦们，奉劝你们离她远点，排斥她，从今天起与她隔
绝。

"Sometimes these things can shut people down and make women feel like they have to
hide who they truly are.

“有时候这些东⻄会让⼈变得沉闷，让⼥性觉得她们必须隐藏⾃⼰的真实⾃我。”

"Women will often laugh at these kind of jokes in the workplace because they don't want to
be perceived as being too emotional, sensitive or like they just can't hack it," says Ms
Margolis.

⻢⼽利斯⼥⼠说：“⼥性在职场往往会对这类笑话发笑，因为她们不想被认为过于情绪化、敏感，
或者觉得⾃⼰⽆法承受。”

perceive

1）表示“感知，察觉，注意到，意识到”，英⽂解释为“to see something or someone, or to

notice something that is obvious”举个 ：He perceived a tiny figure in the distance. 他注意
到远处有个很⼩的身影。

2）表示“认为；看待；视为”，英⽂解释为“to come to an opinion about something, or have a

belief about something”举个 ：How do the French perceive the British? 法国⼈是如何看待
英国⼈的？

《经济学⼈》（The Economist）⼀篇讲述⽐特币的⽂章中提到：Scarcity is a trait of many

things that are perceived to have value. 稀缺性正是许多被视为有价值的事物共有的特征。

can't hack it

can/can't hack it表示“能/不能应付（某情形）”，英⽂解释为“to be able/not able to manage

in a particular situation”举个 ：Lots of people leave this job because they can't hack it. 很
多⼈由于应付不了这项⼯作⽽放弃了。

Having to feel like they not free to be themselves, can put people on the back foot.

感觉不能⾃由地做⾃⼰会让⼈感到不安，会使⼈处于被动状态。

put sb on the back foot

on the back foot/put someone on the back foot表示“使⼈处于劣势或被动的位置”，英⽂解释

为 “If someone is on the back foot, or if something puts them on the back foot, they feel
threatened and act defensively.”

She adds: "Sometimes the impact is really underestimated".

她补充道：“有时这种影响真的被低估了。”

Not tolerated 不能容忍

Kate's upsetting experience was some years ago now. Bev Shah, who founded City Hive, a
social network for workers in finance, says she does not know of anyone these days who
would joke openly this way.

凯特的痛苦经历是⼏年前的事了。⾦融从业者社交⽹络City Hive的创始⼈⻉夫·沙赫（Bev
Shah）表示，她不知道如今还有谁会这样公开地开玩笑。

upsetting

upsetting /ʌpˈset.ɪŋ/ 表 示 “ 令 ⼈ ⼼ 烦 意 乱 的 ， 令 ⼈ 苦 恼 （ 或 愤 怒 ) 的 ” ， 英 ⽂ 解 释 为 “making

someone feel worried, unhappy, or angry”

"These types of jokes are no longer acceptable in any public forum in the same way racial
jokes no longer are," said Ms Shah.

沙赫⼥⼠说：“这类笑话在任何公共论坛都不再被接受，就像种族笑话⼀样。”

She says any comments of that sort should ring immediate alarm bells for employers,
especially in the post #metoo era, and shouldn't be tolerated.

她表示，这类⾔论应该⽴即引起雇主的警惕，尤其是在#metoo时代，不应被容忍。

ring/sound alarm bells

表示“敲警钟；发出危险信号；引起警觉”，英⽂解释为“If something rings/sounds alarm bells,

it makes you start to worry because it is a sign that there may be a problem.”举个 ：The
name rang alarm bells in her mind. 这个名字引起了她的警觉。