Title of the Article:

Leadership Styles in Influencing Employees’ Job Performances

Authors:
Tan Bee Wen, Theresa C. F. Ho, Beni Widarman Yus Kelana, Rafidah
Othman & Obed Rashdi Syed

Publisher:
Human Resource Management Academic Research Society

Place of publication:
Online ISSN: 2222-6990

Date of publication:
23 September 2019 GC.

Number of pages:
11 pages

Reviewed by:
Name: Id.
1. Eyerusalem Alemayehu 026/15
2. Zelalem Grum 060/15
3. Hibret Tadese 027/15
4. Meron Addis 038/15
5. getaneh Beyene 040/15
6. Fetiya Kedir --------

Date of reviewed:
September 15, 2023 GC.
 Leadership Styles, Article Review, Group Assignment

1. Research Title and Reporting Format

We have made an article review on the research entitled “Leadership Styles in Influencing
Employees’ Job Performances” and published as a journal article. We found the research topic is
appropriate with the content of the article and organized in the accepted standard and/or format.
We witnessed that the article in general has discussed an important subject of Leadership Styles
which is vital for any organization in the notion of leadership and management. As the global
business environment becomes increasingly competitive, the manager’s leadership style is
gaining importance to drive employees’ efficiencies and productivity levels. It is an applied
research carried out to analyse and discover the relationship between leadership styles and
employees’ job performances. Specifically, this paper aims to identify the degree of influence
among the three types of leadership styles namely, transformational leadership, transactional
leadership, and thought leadership on employees’ job performances in the Malaysian private
sector.

2. Quality of Abstract

The abstract of the study indicated in the article was nicely constructed and fulfilled the standard
expected. We strongly appreciated the authors in their efforts with the quality of abstract of the
article which we found excellent as all the important contents are already included. We strongly
understand that the abstract should contain the four of research pillars such as objective/aim of
the study at the first glance, all the methodologies employed to conduct the study (research
philosophy, research approach, research design, targeted population, sampling design, types of
data employed, methods of data collection, measures and model and methods of data analysis),
result/findings of the study and implication/recommendation. In this sense, we found the abstract
is already fulfilled these all important criteria and can be considered as quality abstract. It’s
formatting in a single paragraph and italic with the APA format is also well done. The key words
for the research are well indicated shortly. The article also clearly indicated the direction for
future research which is actually expected from one research in a general sense. In this case, we
acknowledge the authors for their effort.

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 Leadership Styles, Article Review, Group Assignment

3. Problem Statement

As an academia, we strongly appreciated the authors in their efforts in clearly articulating/stating

the research problem which is actually well done with clear background and scope. we found this
article done with well-defined research problem that is not only meaningful from an operational
point of view, but is equally capable of paving the way for the development of working
hypotheses, basic research questions and for means of solving the problem itself. The problem
statement of the study was well disclose the gap in literature and convinced as it should be
bridged. It seems like the authors are well understood that research problem is one which
requires a researcher to find out the best solution for the given problem, i.e., to find out by which
course of action the objective can be attained optimally in the context of a given environment. In
our understanding, there are several factors which may result in making the problem
complicated. For instance, the environment may change affecting the efficiencies of the courses
of action or the values of the outcomes; the number of alternative courses of action may be very
large; persons not involved in making the decision may be affected by it and react to it favorably
or unfavorably, and similar other factors. All such we may conclude by saying that the task of
defining a research problem, very often, follows a sequential pattern the problem is stated in a
general way, the ambiguities are resolved, thinking and rethinking process results in a more
specific formulation of the problem so that it may be a realistic one in terms of the available data
and resources and is also analytically meaningful.

4. Research Objective

General objectives: we observed that the general objective of the study was to discover the
relationship between leadership styles and employees’ job performances. It is an appropriate
general purpose or objective that can cover the aim of the study at large well.

Specific objectives: Specifically, this paper aims to identify the degree of influence among the
three types of leadership styles namely, transformational leadership, transactional leadership, and
thought leadership on employees’ job performances in the Malaysian private sector.

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 Leadership Styles, Article Review, Group Assignment

5. Propositions/Hypothesis of the study

As it observed from the paper, the researchers were constructed their research proposition in
three issues. Preposition 1: Transformational leadership style has a positive impact on employee
Performance, Preposition 2: Transactional leadership has a positive impact on employee
performance Preposition 3: Though leadership has a positive impact on employee performance.
These three propositions found appropriate to address the aim of the study from the scratch. In
this case, we would like to appreciate the authors.

6. Review of Related Literature

As per our review, the study literature is well organized in both theoretical and empirical. We
strongly understand that theoretical review explores theories that expound on the topic under
study and which, thereby help in better understanding of the study in question while at the same
time putting forth a justification for the current study. On the other, empirical review on the other
hand, searches studies that have been undertaken in a similar area of study with a view to
establish gaps, convergence and disagreements that help to clearly identify, define and again, like
in theoretical review, justify the researcher's study in question. In this sense, we found the
articles with well-organized literature that appropriately lead them to conceptual frame work
design. Researchers have reviewed many studies on transformational and transactional
leadership theories adopted from Full Range Leadership Model developed. In general, the article
literature part identify the developments in the field of study, tried to learn about the information
sources and the research methodologies, tried to find gaps in the literature that can become
research questions, tried to validate the originality of a research project, tried to evaluate the
methods, tried to identify errors to avoid, tried to highlight the strengths, weaknesses and
controversies in the field of study, tried to identify the subject experts properly that we are really
appreciated it.

7. Research Methodology

The targeted population for this study indicated as employees working in the Malaysian private
Sector. We also observed employees holding managerial and non-managerial position were

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 Leadership Styles, Article Review, Group Assignment

selected as respondents in this study. The inclusion criterion is the employees must have at least
3 years of working experience as they have been exposed to different types of leadership in their
work place employees. We found that almost all the methods chosen to carry out the study were
justified well with considerable descriptions and/or rationales. Writing the justification or
rationale comes from an in-depth search and analysis of the existing literature around the topic.
The authors are clearly the research was a type of explanatory research that tried to identify the
variables that explain the relationship between leadership styles and employees’ job
performances which explanatory research design. The data gathered from this sample will be
analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) and Smart PLS 3.2.8 (Ringle et al.,
2015). Descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation and correlation coefficients will be
analyzed using SPSS. As for the Transformational Leadership Transactional Leadership
Employee Job Performance Thought Leadership assessment of measurement model, the validity
and reliability of items has been executed via Smart PLS 3.2.8. We also observed that once the
validity and reliability of the constructs are established, this study will examine the structural
model of this study.

8. Data presentation, Analysis and Interpretation

The article didn’t disclose the analysis part in line with the presentation of data which is required
and appropriate to be disclosed in the article as far as our understanding. For this reason, we
couldn’t to discuss the presentation, analysis and interpretation patterns in the study.

9. Conclusion and Recommendation

we have found the conclusion stated in the article to be appropriate and the recommendations
valuable despite the limitation of the generalizability of the study due to small sample size and
inferior sampling technique used. We strongly understand that conclusions should be logical and
clearly explained, and should take into account any limitations of the data or analysis and the
recommendations are must be specific actions that can be taken based on the findings and
conclusions. In this sense, the recommendations were based on the conclusions and purpose of
the study. Also the article disclose that the research findings demonstrated there is a relationship
between leadership styles and job performances within an organization. Fear management

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 Leadership Styles, Article Review, Group Assignment

creates stress that can produce the desired outcome in the short term while this success is not
sustainable in the long run. On the other hand, a leader who inculcate trust and open working
environment where information is shared will form an organization that can take up to any
challenge. Thought leadership has recently started to draw much attention. Thought leadership is
made from two main pillars which are novelty and trust. Researcher’s related with research also
believe that further research is required to justify the empirical findings of this research as per
our review. In general, the findings of the study are relevant especially for the organizations.
They generate innovative ideas, trustworthy and authority. In conclusion, the authors strongly
said there is no ideal leadership style for each situation. Also indicated as it is important for
organization leaders to review and identify which leadership style has more significant
relationship with employees’ job performances that fit in their organization.

10. Referencing

As per our review, the citation and referencing case in the article and found that consistency in
the citation and/or in reference formatting is appropriate and smoothly allows readers to focus on
the content of the reference list. Discerning both the types of works the researchers consulted and
the important reference elements (who, when, what, and where) with ease. The authors are
keeping track of the sources they use throughout their writing process that helped them to avoid
accidental plagiarism, acknowledge others' work. We also witnessed that almost all of the
references are most recent and directly tied to the subject matter of the study. We appreciate the
style and consistency.

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