FACTORS AFFECTING PERFORMANCE OF COMPANY FINANCIAL

STATEMENTS ON BANKING REGISTERED IN INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE

(IDX)
Dr.Evi Octavia,S.E., M.M.,Ak. ¹, Akhmad Lutfi Hakim ², Sri Randini ³

Universitas Widyatama Jalan Cikutra 204 Bandung

evi.octavia@widyatama.ac.id
lutfi.hakim@widyatama.ac.id
Srirandini@widyatama.ac.id

Abstract
Purpose : This research was conducted to determine and test the effect of deferred tax assets
and ratio tax on performance of company financial statements on banking registered in
Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX)
Research Methods : This study uses secondary data using quantitative methods, there are 46
banks listed on the Indonesian stock exchange and Based on the criteria then the resulting
sample of 30 companies with a one-year period in 2019. The analysis used is multiple linear
regression analysis. The data was processed using the SPSS 20 application by setting a
significance level of 0.05 for hypothesis testing
Research Result : Deferred tax assets showed no significant effect on the performance and not
the company's financial statements. Tax ratio of no effect and no significant effect on the
performance of the company's financial statements. And deferred tax assets and tax ratios
simultaneously has no effect and no significant effect on the performance of the company's
financial statements
INTRODUCTION
PRELIMINARY In 2019, several companies were delisted from the Indonesia Stock Exchange
(IDX). One of the delisting companies that attracted attention was PT Sigmagold Inti Perkasa
Tbk (TMPI). TMPI has been on the exchange for 24 years. IDX issued TMPI from the stock
exchange because it had not paid the listing fee and there was a going concern problem with the
company. When examined further, TMPI has a problem in the form of reduced income
accompanied by a significantly increased tax burden and tax penalties, causing losses (CNBC
Indonesia, 2019). From this case, it can be concluded that controlling the company's financial
reports and managing the taxation aspects are inevitable.
Control is a management activity in the form of supervision and correction of performance or
results of work (Robbins & Coulter, 2018). The financial aspect is the main focus of control
because it describes the purpose of running a business, namely profit or profit. In order to meet
these objectives, it is necessary to have financial statements. Financial statements according to
the Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (PSAK 2007) No.1 concerning the
presentation of financial statements have components such as: balance sheet, income statement,
statement of changes in equity, cash flow statement, and notes to financial statements.
Financial statements are one of the most sought-after information by potential investors as a
benchmark for consideration in making decisions to invest in the capital market. Therefore,
companies that go public must really show good performance. Financial ratios are one of the
benchmarks in the level of good or bad performance of a company Benny Casanova, Marsellisa
Nindito (2014).
Likewise, the taxation aspect also needs to be taken into account in the context of making
decisions regarding the company's achievements or failures in generating profits. How big is the
company's obligation to the state because it is related to the tax burden that must be taken into
account for every financial decision making so that it affects the company's profitability in the
future, for example the company in terms of making or not investing, renting or buying movable
property of the company for its operational activities with taking into account the size of the
amount of tax that must be paid to the state Benny Casanova, Marsellisa Nindito (2014).
Several researchers have conducted research to determine whether there is an effect between
deferred tax assets and tax ratios on financial performance as measured by financial ratios,
including Plesko (2002) stated that deferred tax provides a better assessment of management
policy because deferred tax generally provides flexibility which is more limited than the
accounting rules. Therefore, through deferred tax, the quality of earnings generated from the
financial statements will be better. Meanwhile, Benny Casanova, Marsellisa Nindito (2014)
stated that deferred tax assets can affect the company's performance. This happens because the
size of the assets can affect the company's financial performance. On the other hand, the tax
ratio has an impact on the company's financial performance because the negative position
obtained in this study indicates that an increase in the tax ratio can reduce the company's
financial performance.
THEORY STUDY

Financial Performance

The definition of performance (performance) according to Drucker (2002, p.134) is "The level
of achievement or real results achieved, which is sometimes used to obtain a positive result".
''Performance is also defined as the success of personnel in realizing strategic goals in four
perspectives: finance, customer, process, as well as learning and growth'' (Mulyadi, 2007,
p.363). From this understanding, it can be concluded that the company's performance is the
result of management decisions to achieve certain goals effectively and efficiently. In order to
obtain an overview of the development of the company's performance, it is necessary to
interpret or analyze the financial data of the company concerned and the financial data will be
reflected in the financial statements.

The financial report is the final result of a recording of the company's operating activities which
is a summary of financial transactions that occurred during the financial year concerned.
Financial statements are also a very important tool in obtaining information about the financial
position and results that have been achieved by a company during a certain period. So the
financial statements provide an overview of the financial condition of a company.

The objectives of measuring the company's financial performance according to Munawir (2002,
p.31) are:

1. To determine the level of liquidity, namely the ability of a company to meet financial
obligations that must be fulfilled immediately, or the company's ability to meet financial
obligations when billed;
 2. To determine the level of solvency, namely the company's ability to meet its profit
obligations if the company is liquidated both short-term and long-term financial
liabilities.

3. Knowing the level of profitability of a company's ability to generate profits in a certain

period; Knowing business stability, namely the company's ability to conduct its
business stably and considering the company's ability to pay dividends regularly.

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Financial statement analysis is a process of analyzing financial statements with the aim of
providing additional information to users of financial statements for making economic
decisions, so that the quality of decisions taken will be better. 1. Definition of Financial
Statements Financial statements are a source of information that comes from the accounting
process that is useful for making decisions in the economic field for those who use them
(Sodikin & Riyono, 2012).

Information that can be obtained from financial reports includes (Sari, 2014):

1. Provide information about a company's balance sheet (assets, liabilities, and capital);

2. Provide information about changes in net assets (assets minus liabilities) in a company
as a result of business activities, namely earning a profit;

3. Provide information on estimating the profit potential of a company;

4. Provide other important information, such as information on financing and investment

activities;

5. Disclose related and relevant information regarding financial reports for report users.

2. Financial Ratios
One way to measure profit or profit can be through financial ratios. Financial ratios are a tool
that provides insights into basic conditions (Subramanyam, 2014). These basic conditions can
show the financial strengths and weaknesses of a business (Atrill, 2020).
There are 5 groups in financial ratios, namely (Atrill, 2020):
1. Profitability Ratios Profitability ratios provide signs regarding the success rate in
achieving business goals, namely making a profit.
2. Efficiency ratio Efficiency ratio is also known as activity ratio. The efficiency ratio
aims to measure the efficiency of the resources used.
3. Liquidity Ratio The liquidity ratio is very important for continuity because it provides
information on resources that can be used immediately to cover obligations to pay in the
near future.
4. Financial gearing ratio This ratio focuses on the relationship between the contribution
of funding used by the business either from the owner or from the loan.
5. Investment Ratios Investment ratios focus on assessing the rate of return and
performance of stocks from the perspective of the shareholder.
 For investors, the smooth running and ability of the company to generate profits is important
(Fahmi, 2014). The financial ratios used in measuring profit are called profitability ratios. There
are several ratios included in the profitability ratio, one of which is Return on Equity (ROE).
This ratio is useful for knowing how much the percentage of actual return on investment is
made by shareholders (Stice & Stice, 2012). Return on equity is generated from the division
between net income and total equity (Stice & Stice, 2012).

DEFERRED TAX
Deferred tax is the anticipated amount of payable tax that may arise now or in the future as a
result of income tax debt whose recognition is postponed (Sibarani, Hidayat, & Surtikanti,
2015). Deferred tax is classified into two categories, namely deferred tax assets and deferred tax
liabilities. Deferred tax assets are the expected benefits in the future from tax deductions that
have been recognized as an expense in the income statement but have not been deducted for
income tax purposes (Stice & Stice, 2012). Meanwhile, deferred tax liability is an estimate of
future taxable income that has been recognized in the income statement but has not been taxed
(Stice & Stice, 2012). The recognition of deferred tax raises deferred tax expenses or deferred
tax benefits that can increase or decrease net income (Purba, 2009).
RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
Based on the existing problems and concepts, the hypothesis used in this study regarding the
relationship between variables is as follows:

DEFERRED TAX H1

FINANCIAL
H2 STATEMENTS
TAX RATIO

H1: There is an influence between the variables of deferred tax assets on the performance of
financial statements.
H2: There is an influence between the tax ratio variables on the performance of financial
statements.

RESEARCH METHODS

This research is a causal research (causal relationship). Causal explanatory research is research
that studies how a variable can provide changes to other variables (cause and effect) (Cooper &
Schindler, 2014). Data collection methods used are archival data. The population in this study
are banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2019 period,
with a total population of 46 companies. This research uses non-probability sampling with
purposive sampling method. Purposive sampling is a non-probability sampling method that
aims to trace all possibilities for very specific cases (Neuman, 2014).
The following are the criteria for the research sample:
1. Companies that made a profit during 2019.
2. The Company publishes audited financial statements using the financial year ended 31
December and is stated in Rupiah (Rp).
3. Include the company's 2019 deferred tax expense.
4. The sample companies include the amount of taxable profit in the company's 2019
financial statements.
5. The sample company has no compensation for losses during 2019.

Based on the above criteria, a sample of 30 companies was produced with a period of one year
in 2019.
In this study, deferred tax and tax planning are measured by comparing the deferred tax expense
to the average total assets, while the tax ratio is measured by the comparison between the ratio
of taxable income (Taxable Income) to Accounting Profit (Book Income) and the company's
performance. measured by return on equity as the dependent variable. The following table is the
operational definition of this research variable:
RESEARCH VARIABLE
1. Independent variable
a. Deferred tax Asset
Deferred tax is the anticipated amount of payable tax that may arise now or in the future as a
result of income tax debt whose recognition is postponed (Sibarani, Hidayat, & Surtikanti,
2015). The formula for deferred tax according to Harmana & Suardana (2014):
APTit = ∆ Deferred tax asset 𝑖𝑡
Deferred tax asset it

b. Tax Ratio
The tax ratio is a comparison between the ratio of taxable income to book income where an
explanation of the tax ratio is found in the notes on the financial statements of a company
(Suparman, 2011), the formula for the tax to book ratio:
profit affter tax
profit before tax

c. Dependent variable
Return on equity is generated from the division between net income and total equity (Stice &
Stice, 2012). ROE formula:
Nett profit
Total Equty
This study uses data analysis methods in the form of multiple regression, simultaneous
significance test, individual parameter significance test, and goodness of fit test. Multiple
regression provides a way to objectively assess the degree and relationship between the
independent and dependent variables (Sekaran & Bougie, 2016).

Meanwhile, the individual parameter significance test aims to determine the possible
relationship between each independent variable and the dependent variable (Saunders, Lewis, &
Thornhill, 2019). Simultaneous significance test shows a possible relationship between the
independent variable and the dependent variable as a whole (Saunders, Lewis, & Thornhill,
2019). Finally, the goodness of fit test aims to show how well the data explains the research
model (Cooper & Schindler, 2014).

In the use of multiple regression, there are statistical requirements that must be met in the form
of passing the classical assumption test. There are at least five classical assumption tests,
namely normality test, Outlier test, multicollinearity test, heteroscedasticity test, and
autocorrelation test, but not all classical assumption tests must be performed on multiple
regression (Sunjoyo, Setiawan, Carolina, Magdalena, & Kurniawan, 2013). In this study, the
classical assumption test used is:

1. Normality test is needed to determine the dependent variable and the independent
variable has a frequency distribution pattern shaped like a bell which is a requirement of
the parametric test (Saunders, Lewis, & Thornhill, 2019).

2. Multicollinearity test is needed to determine the relationship between independent

variables, multicollinearity problems will make it difficult to separate the influence
between each variable (Saunders, Lewis, & Thornhill, 2019).

3. Heteroscedasticity test is needed to find out the regression model where there is an
inequality of variance from the residual of an observation to another observation (Umar,
2013).

4. Autocorrelation test is needed to find out that a linear regression model has a strong
positive or negative relationship between the data on the research variables (Umar,
2013).

1. Descriptive statistics

1. Deferred Tax Descriptive Statistics

Deferred tax is the anticipated amount of payable tax that may arise now or in the future as a
result of income tax debt whose recognition is postponed (Sibarani, Hidayat, & Surtikanti,
2015). Description of Deferred Tax Variables can be seen from the results of data processing
shown in the following table:

Tabel 1.1 Statistik Deskriptif Pajak Tangguhan

Variabel N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation

Deferred Tax 30 -460,062 58,632 -61,19807 132,886721

Based on the results of data processing, it is known that from 30 banking companies as samples,
the lowest Deferred Tax value was -460.062 (BBMD), the highest is 58.632 (BBTN), with an
average value of -61.198 and a standard deviation of 132.886721

2. Descriptive Statistics of Tax Ratios

The tax ratio is a comparison between the ratio of taxable income to book income, where an
explanation of the tax ratio is found in the notes on a company's financial statements
(Suparman, 2011). Description of the Tax Ratio Variable can be seen from the results of data
processing shown in the following table:
Tabel 1.2 Statistik Deskriptif Rasio Pajak

Variabel N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation

Tax Ratio 30 7,872 162,002 78,62130 26,297096

Based on the results of data processing, it is known that from 30 banking companies as samples,
the lowest Tax Ratio value is 7.872 (PNBN), the highest is 162.002 (BBKP), with an average
value of 78.621 and a standard deviation of 26.297096.

3. Descriptive Statistics of Return On Equity

Return On Equity is generated from the division between net income and total equity (Stice &
Stice, 2012). The description of the ROE variable can be seen from the data processing results
shown in the following table:

Tabel 1.3 Statistik Deskriptif ROE

Variabel N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation

ROE 30 0,050 31,200 7,82733 7,449681

Based on the results of data processing, it is known that from 30 sample banking companies, the
lowest ROE value is 0.05 (BKSW), the highest is 31.2 (BTPS), with an average value of 7.827
and a standard deviation of 7.49861.
2. Classic Assumption Test

1. Normality Test
Tabel 2.1 One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test
 Unstandardized
Residual

N 30

Normal Parametersa,b Mean ,0000000

Std. Deviation 7,37944804

Most Extreme Absolute ,134

Differences
Positive ,127

Negative -,134

Test Statistic ,134

Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) ,178c

a. Test distribution is Normal.

b. Calculated from data.

c. Lilliefors Significance Correction.

Based on the results of data testing, it can be seen that the significance of the residual
regression value (Asymp.Sig. (2 tailed)) is 0.178. This value is greater than 0.05, so it can be
categorized that the data in the regression model has data that is normally distributed.
2. Multicollinearity Test

Tabel 2.2 Uji Multikolinearitas

Collinearity Statistics

Model Tolerance VIF

1 (Constant)

Pajak Tangguhan 1,000 1,000

Rasio Pajak 1,000 1,000

a. Dependent Variable: ROE

Based on the test results, it can be seen that the Tolerance value of each independent variable is
1,000 or greater than 0.05, while the VIF value is 1,000 less than 10. These results indicate that
there is no high relationship between the independent variables so that the regression model has
fulfilled the multicollinearity assumption.
 3. Heterokedastistas Test

Tabel 2.3 Uji Heterokedastisitas

Unstandardized Standardized
Model Coefficients Coefficients t Sig.
B Std. Error Beta

1 (Constant) 7,943 2,439 3,256 ,003

Pajak Tangguhan ,016 ,006 ,462 2,720 ,011

Rasio Pajak -,016 ,029 -,092 -,544 ,591

a. Dependent Variable: AbsRes

The test results using the Glejser Test show that the significance value of the effect of
the independent variable Deferred Tax on the absolute value of the residual is significant
(significance value 0.011 < 0.05) while the Tax Ratio Variable is not significant (significance
value 0.591 > 0.05). These results indicate that the regression model still has heteroscedasticity
problems.

4. Autocorrelation Test

Tabel 2.4 Model Summaryb

Adjusted R Std. Error of Durbin-

Model R R Square Square the Estimate Watson

1 ,137a ,019 -,054 7,647879 1,947

a. Predictors: (Constant), Tax Rasio , Diferred tax asset

b. Dependent Variable: ROE

The value of DU with independent variable (K) = 2 and sample (n) = 30 and α = 5% is
1.567. Because the Durbin Watson (DW) value of 1.947 is in the DU <DW <2 range, it can be
seen that there is no autocorrelation in the regression model.

3. Multiple Regression Test

1. Regression Model Equations

 Based on the results of model testing, the values of the constants and regression
coefficients can be presented in the following table:
Tabel 3.1 Coefficientsa

Unstandardized Coefficients
Model
B Std. Error

1 (Constant) 10,809 4,512

Pajak Tangguhan ,003 ,011

Rasio Pajak -,036 ,054

a. Dependent Variable: ROE

Based on the results of data processing, the form of the multiple linear regression equation is as
follows:
Y = 10,809 + 0,003X1 – 0,036x2
The interpretation of the multiple linear regression equation above is as follows:
a = Kontansta is 10.809, meaning that if there is no Deferred Tax and Tax Ratio (both variables
have a value of 0), then ROE will be worth 10.809 units.
β1 = The value of the regression coefficient of the variable X1 (Deferred Tax) is 0.003. These
results indicate that Deferred Tax has a positive effect on ROE, meaning that the more Deferred
Tax increases by 1 unit while the Tax Ratio is fixed, it will increase ROE by 0.003 times.
β2 = The value of the regression coefficient for the variable X2 (Tax Ratio) is -0.036. These
results indicate that the Tax Ratio has a negative effect on ROE, namely the increasing of the
Tax Ratio by 1 unit while the Deferred Tax is of fixed value, it will decrease ROE by 0.036
times.

2. Simultaneous Hypothesis

Testing Simultaneous hypothesis testing aims to determine whether there is a significant effect
of Deferred Tax Variables and Tax Ratio on ROE together (simultaneously). The hypothesis
proposed is as follows:

H0 : β = 0  Deferred tax and tax ratio do not have a significant effect on ROE.
H1 : β ≠ 0  Deferred tax and tax ratio have a significant effect on ROE.
The criteria for the decision to accept / reject the hypothesis are as follows:
i. Fcount > Ftabel at the 95% confidence level (α = 0.05), then H0 is rejected.
ii.Fcount > Ftabel at the 95% confidence level (α = 0.05), then H0 is accepted.
F table value with df 1 = 2; df 2 = 27; and = 0.05 is 3.354 while the value of Fcount
based on the results of processing using SPSS software version 24 can be seen in the following
table ANOVA

Tabel 3.2 ANOVAa

Sum of
Model df Mean Square F Sig.
Squares

1 Regression 30,203 2 15,102 ,258 ,774b

Residual 1579,231 27 58,490

Total 1609,435 29

a. Dependent Variable: ROE

b. Predictors: (Constant), Tax Ratio, Deferred tax

The results of the simultaneous hypothesis test shown in table 4.9 show that the value of F count
with df2 = 2 and df2 = 27 is = 0.258 with a significance of 0.774. Testing by comparing sig =
0.774 >  = 0.05, then H0 is accepted, as well as testing by comparing the value of F count = 0.258
< Ftabel = 3.354, also accepts H0
Based on the test results, it can be concluded that together the Deferred Tax variables and Tax
Ratio have no significant effect on ROE

3. Partial Hypothesis

Test Partial test or t test is done by comparing the value of tCount with tTable with the
following hypothesis:

H0 : β1 = 0, there is no significant effect partially.

H1 : β1 ≠ 0, there is a partially significant effect.

The criteria for the decision to accept / reject the hypothesis are as follows:
i. tCount < tTable at the 95% confidence level (α = 0.05), then H0 is accepted.
ii. tCount > tTable at 95% confidence level (α = 0.05), then H0 is rejected.

The tTable value with a significance level (α) of 0.05 with df = 27, is 2.052. The value of
tCount can be known based on the results of the partial test (t test) shown in the following table:

Tabel 3.3 Coefficientsa

 Unstandardized Standardized
Coefficients Coefficients

Model B Std. Error Beta t Sig.

1 (Constant) 10,809 4,512 2,396 ,024

Pajak Tangguhan ,003 ,011 ,053 ,280 ,781

Rasio Pajak -,036 ,054 -,126 -,659 ,515

a. Dependent Variable: ROE

Based on the results of the partial hypothesis test shown in table 4.10 above, it can be
interpreted as follows:

1. The influence of Deferred Tax Variables on ROE has a value of tCount = 0.280 with a
significance of 0.781. Because the value of tCount is smaller than tTable (0.280> 2.052), then
H1 is rejected and H0 is accepted, meaning that there is an insignificant effect of the
Deferred Tax Variable on ROE.

2. The effect of the Tax Ratio Variable on ROE has a tCount = -0.659 with a significance of
0.515. Because the value of t count is smaller than tTable (-0.659 <2.052), then H1 is rejected
and H0 is accepted, meaning that there is an insignificant effect of the Tax Ratio Variable on
ROE.

4. Goodness Of Fit Test

Tabel 3.4 Model Summaryb

Adjusted R Std. Error of Durbin-

Model R R Square Square the Estimate Watson

1 ,137a ,019 -,054 7,647879 1,947

a. Predictors: (Constant), Rasio Pajak, Pajak Tangguhan

b. Dependent Variable: ROE

The results of data processing are shown in Table 4:11 shows the value of R or simultaneous
correlation between deferred tax and tax ROE ratio amounted to 0,137. Based on the category of
correlation coefficient values according to Guilford in Indrawati (2015, 188), these values are in
the range < 0.20 or are in the very low correlation category
Furthermore, the R Square value of 0.019 shows that the Deferred Tax and Tax Ratio variables
are able to explain changes in ROE of 1.9%, while the remaining 98.1% is the influence of other
factors not examined.

The Effect of Deferred Tax on the Performance of the Company's Financial Statements
Theoretically deferred tax affects the performance of the company's financial statements. To test
the above hypothesis, two-sided testing criteria were used as follows: Significance Value ≤
Significance Level (α): Rejected Significance Value> Significance Level (α): Accepted Based
on the results of the effect of the Deferred Tax Variable on ROE, it has a tcount value of 0.280
< ttable 2.052, meaning that the effect of the Deferred Tax Variable on ROE is not significant.
The results of this study support research from Nwaorgu, Abiahu, Tapang, & Lormbaga (2019)
where deferred tax can have no effect on company performance. Deferred tax has characteristics
that can increase or decrease net income (Purba, 2009). The cause of deferred tax is the
temporary difference in recognition between commercial accounting and taxation laws. The
most frequent temporary differences between accounting recognition and tax laws are
depreciation and amortization (Wijayanti, 2016). In commercial accounting, the choice of
depreciation method and the useful life of a fixed asset is determined by management in
accordance with the estimated future usage patterns of the fixed assets. However, under the tax
law, the depreciation method is limited to the straight-line method and the double-declining
balance method. Meanwhile, the determination of the useful life is determined by certain
categories where each category has a different useful life (broadly speaking, the asset category
is divided into buildings and non-buildings, for buildings it is divided into permanent and non-
permanent, while those for non-buildings are divided into 4 groups). These differences make
depreciation expense in commercial accounting and tax law different throughout the useful life
but overall the amount remains the same. This temporary difference causes deferred tax to have
no effect on profit (Wijayanti, 2016). The results of this study contradict the research of
Harmana & Suardana (2014) and Casanova & Nindito (2014).
The Effect of the Tax Ratio on the Performance of the Company's Financial Statements
Theoretically, the tax ratio affects the performance of financial statements. To test the above
hypothesis, the following two-tailed test criteria are used: Significance Value Significance
Level (α): Rejected Significance Value > Significance Level (α): Accepted From the results of
this research, the influence of the Tax Ratio Variable on ROE has a value of -0.659 <ttable
2.052, meaning that the influence of the Tax Ratio Variable on ROE is insignificant. The
calculation of the tax ratio in this study uses the tax to book ratio or the ratio of the ratio
between taxable profit (taxable profit) and accounting profit. According to Hanlon & Heitzman
(2010), calculations like this can only capture some elements of tax planning. The element in
question is a temporary difference in tax planning, so it is not appropriate to use between
companies that have different interests in accounting profits. The results of this study also show
that there are other factors that affect the performance of the company's financial statements.
Koller, Dobbs, & Huyett (2011) stated that companies should be able to generate more money
in the future for their owners who have invested driven by return on invested capital, revenue
growth and cash flow along with the ability to maintain it.

CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS

Conclusion
Based on the results of data testing and discussion, the following conclusions can be
drawn:
 1. The test results show the value of Fcount = 0.258 <Ftable = 3.354, which means that
simultaneously, deferred tax and tax ratio do not have a significant effect on Return On
Equity.
2. The effect of the Deferred Tax Variable on ROE has a tcount value of 0.280 < ttable
2.052, meaning that the effect of the Deferred Tax Variable on ROE is not significant.
3. The Influence of the Tax Ratio Variable on ROE has a value of -0.659 <ttable 2.052,
meaning that the influence of the Tax Ratio Variable on ROE is insignificant.
4. The R Square value of 0.019 indicates that the Deferred Tax and Tax Ratio variables are
able to explain changes in ROE of 1.9%, while the remaining 98.1% is the influence of
other factors not examined.
Suggestion
1. For further research, it is better to add research samples with a longer number of
periods, so that they can better describe the influence of the independent variable on the
dependent variable variable
2. The next researcher should consider separating deferred tax into deferred tax liabilities
and deferred tax assets because the two accounts have different impacts on earnings
3. For further research, independent variables can be used that are different from the
variables used in this study.
4. The next researcher is expected to add other independent variables in the research, such
as liquidity, leverage, solvency and others to complement the tax variables.

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Lampiran Output SPSS

Descriptive Statistics

N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation

Pajak Tangguhan 30 -460,062 58,632 -61,19807 132,886721

Rasio Pajak 30 7,872 162,002 78,62130 26,297096

ROE 30 ,050 31,200 7,82733 7,449681

Valid N (listwise) 30

Variables Entered/Removeda

Variables Variables
Model Entered Removed Method

1 Rasio Pajak, . Enter

Pajak
Tangguhanb

a. Dependent Variable: ROE

b. All requested variables entered.

Model Summaryb

Adjusted R Std. Error of

Model R R Square Square the Estimate Durbin-Watson

1 ,137a ,019 -,054 7,647879 1,947

a. Predictors: (Constant), Rasio Pajak, Pajak Tangguhan

b. Dependent Variable: ROE

 ANOVAa

Model Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.

1 Regression 30,203 2 15,102 ,258 ,774b

Residual 1579,231 27 58,490

Total 1609,435 29

a. Dependent Variable: ROE

b. Predictors: (Constant), Rasio Pajak, Pajak Tangguhan

Coefficientsa

Unstandardized Standardized Collinearity

Coefficients Coefficients Statistics

Model B Std. Error Beta t Sig. Tolerance VIF

1 (Constant) 10,809 4,512 2,396 ,024

Pajak ,003 ,011 ,053 ,280 ,781 1,000 1,000

Tangguhan

Rasio Pajak -,036 ,054 -,126 -,659 ,515 1,000 1,000

a. Dependent Variable: ROE

 One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test

Unstandardize
d Residual

N 30

Normal Parametersa,b Mean ,0000000

Std. Deviation 7,37944804

Most Extreme Absolute ,134

Differences
Positive ,127

Negative -,134

Test Statistic ,134

Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) ,178c

a. Test distribution is Normal.

b. Calculated from data.

c. Lilliefors Significance Correction.

Coefficientsa

Standardized
Unstandardized Coefficients Coefficients

Model B Std. Error Beta t Sig.

1 (Constant) 7,943 2,439 3,256 ,003

Pajak Tangguhan ,016 ,006 ,462 2,720 ,011

Rasio Pajak -,016 ,029 -,092 -,544 ,591

a. Dependent Variable: AbsRes