IT212

Data Communication and Networking 2

(Cisco 2)

Chapter 5
Inter-VLAN Routing
Objectives
• Familiarize in different Inter-VLAN solutions
• Familiarize in Inter-VLAN configuration using router-on-a-stick.
• Familiarize in Inter-VLAN configuration on a multilayer switch
through virtual interface.
VLAN Routing Solutions
1. Using A Router With 2 Ethernet Interfaces - The setup is quite simple and
involves a Cisco router with two Ethernet interfaces as shown in the diagram, connecting to
both VLANs with an appropriate IP Address assigned to each interface. IP Routing is of
course enabled on the router and we also have the option of applying access lists in the
case where we need to restrict network access between our VLANs.
VLAN Routing Solutions
2. Using A Router With One Ethernet (Trunk) Interface – The trunk link is
created, using the same type of encapsulation the switches use (ISL or 802.1q), and enabling IP
routing on the router side. This method of InterVLAN routing is also known as 'Router on a
Stick'.
VLAN Routing Solutions
3. Using A Server With Two Network Cards - In order for the server to perform the
routing, it requires two network cards - one for each VLAN and the appropriate IP Addresses
assigned, therefore we have configured one with IP Addresses 192.168.1.1 and the other with
192.168.2.1. Once this phase is complete, all we need to do is enable IP routing on the server and
we're done.
VLAN Routing Solutions
4. Inter-VLAN Routing - InterVLAN routing makes use of the latest in
technology Layer 3 switches ensuring a super fast, reliable, and acceptable
cost routing solution.
Inter-VLAN Communication tips
• Although most routers support both Inter-Switch Link (ISL) and Dot1Q
encapsulation, some switch models support only Dot1Q, such as the 2950
and 2960 series.
• If you need to use ISL as your trunking protocol, use the command
encapsulation isl x, where x is the number of the VLAN to be assigned to
that subinterface.
• Recommended best practice is to use the same number of the VLAN
number for the subinterface number. It is easier to troubleshoot VLAN 10
on subinterface fastethernet0/0.10 than on fastethernet0/0.2.
• The native VLAN (usually VLAN 1) cannot be configured on a subinterface
for Cisco IOS releases that are earlier than 12.1(3)T. Native VLAN IP
addresses will, therefore, need to be configured on the physical interface.
Other VLAN traffic will be configured on subinterfaces:
Inter-VLAN on a Multilayer Switch Through a Switch
Virtual Interface
• Rather than using an external router to provide inter-VLAN
communication, a multilayer L3 switch can perform the
same task through the use of a switched virtual interface
(SVI).
 Configuration Example: Inter-VLAN Routing

INTER-VLAN ROUTING
Summary
InterVLAN is one that you simply can't live without in a large network.
The topic is a fairly easy once you get the idea, and this is our aim here,
to help you get that idea, and extend it further by giving you other
alternative methods.

The key element to the InterVLAN routing service is that you must have
at least one VLAN interface configured with an IP Address on the
InterVLAN capable switch, which will also dictate the IP network for that
VLAN. All hosts participating in that VLAN must also use the same IP
addressing scheme to ensure communication between them. When the
above requirements are met, it's then as simple as enabling the IP
Routing service on the switch and you have the InterVLAN service
activated.
THE END