Republic of the Philippines

Pangasinan State University

Bayambang Campus
COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION
Bayambang, Pangasinan
BACHELOR OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION
A.Y 2023-2024

A Written Report in BPED 122 Drug Education, Consumer Health Education, and Health

Name/s:
Bactad, Roxanne Judith
Bautista, Jessica
Junio, Carlos
Cagunot, Cheryl
Frias, Crystal Jade
Tejada, John Benzon
Velasques, Jomari
Mamaril, Marco
Hernandez, Micah
Castro, Mylene
Donato, Shaira
Ferrer, Vilma
Corpuz, Yuri
Calderon. Precious Jewel
Gabat, Elizabeth
Tomas, Exequiel John
Villanueva, January Isaac
 CHAPTER 1
DRUG EDUCATION

I. INTRODUCTION/OVERVIEW

Drug education helps children and young people understand that all drugs, legal and illegal,
have the potential to cause harm, and that the drug experience is because of many factors
including the person, the drug and the environment.
While most young people will not have problems with alcohol or other drugs, providing a
supportive family environment where issues of concern can be raised and talked through fosters
resilience and positive mental health, and can keep young people safer.

II. OBJECTIVES

At the end of the discussion, the learners should be able to achieve the following with a 75%
level of success:

a. Explain how different types of drugs and their categories affect our health and
different aspects of our life
b. Identify the advantages and disadvantages of different types of drugs; and
c. Share one’s idea about the benefits and importance of learning Drug
Education.

III. CONTENT

Lesson 1: What are drugs?

Any substance that prevents or cures diseases, or enhances physical or mental welfare.
Any chemical agents that alters the biochemical or physiological processes of tissues or
organisms.
Legal Drugs (Prescribed and OTC Drugs)
Illegal Drugs (Psychoactive Substances)
Psychoactive Substances -Substances that modify a person's perception, mood, cognition,
behaviour, or motor functions.
Substance Abuse -The harmful use of psychoactice substances, including alcohol and other drugs
(AOD).
Lesson 2: Classifications of Drugs
Drugs can be categorised by the way in which they affect our bodies:
Depressants – slow down the function of the central nervous system
Hallucinogens – affect your senses and change the way you see, hear, taste, smell or feel things
Stimulants – speed up the function of the central nervous system.
Some drugs affect the body in many ways and can fall into more than one category. For example,
cannabis appears in all 3 categories.
Depressants
- Depressants slow down the messages between the brain and the body — they don’t
necessarily make you feel depressed. The slower messages affect:
Your concentration and coordination
Your ability to respond to what’s happening around you.
Small doses of depressants can make you feel relaxed, calm and less inhibited.
Larger doses can cause sleepiness, vomiting and nausea, unconsciousness and even death.
Examples include:

Alcohol
Benzodiazepines (minor tranquillisers such as Valium)
Cannabis
GHB (gamma-hydroxybutyrate)
Ketamine
Opioids (heroin, morphine, codeine).
Hallucinogens
- Hallucinogens change your sense of reality – you can have hallucinations. Your senses
are distorted and the way you see, hear, taste, smell or feel things is different. For
example, you may see or hear things that are not really there, or you may have unusual
thoughts or feelings.
Small doses can cause a feeling of floating, numbness, confusion, disorientation, or dizziness.
Larger doses may cause hallucinations, memory loss, distress, anxiety, increased heart rate,
paranoia, panic and aggression.
Examples include:
 Cannabis
 Ketamine
 LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide)
 Psilocybin (magic mushrooms)
 PCP (phencyclidine).
Stimulants
- Stimulants speed up the messages between the brain and the body. This can cause:
Your heart to beat faster
Your blood pressure to go up
Your body temperature to go up – leading to heat exhaustion or even heat stroke
Reduced appetite
Agitation
 Sleeplessness.
You can feel more awake, alert, confident or energetic.
Larger doses can cause anxiety, panic, seizures, stomach cramps and paranoia.
Examples include:
Amphetamines (speed and ice)
Caffeine
Cocaine
Ecstasy (MDMA – methylenedioxymethamphetamine)
Nicotine (tobacco).

Lesson 3: Types of Drugs

AMPHETIMINES
 strong stimulant drugs that they speed up the nervous system. As a result, you are more
alert and physically active.
example of amphetamines include
methamphetamines
cocaine
crack
DEPRESSANT
Do the opposite of stimulants
Drugs that slow down the body's functions and reactions, including heart and breathing rates.
Depressants can affect a person mentally and emotionally by giving a false sense of well-being
through reduced anxiety and relaxation
Example of depressants include:
Tranquilizers
Barbiturates
Alcohol

MARIJUANA
Long-term effects of marijuana use includes:
lung damage
low testerone levels in males
sperm reduction in males
Irregukar periods in females

CLUB DRUGS
 Club drugs are often made in home laboratories and mixed with other harmful chemicals.
 Illegal drugs that are found mostly in nightclubs ot at all night dances parties called raves.

ECSTASY
Also known as "X"
Increase heart rate and body temperature
Can damage organs
Can make a person feel anxious and paranoid

ROPHYNOL
 Also known as the date-rape drug or "roofies"
Causes a drop in blood pressure
Causes blackouts
Causes memory loss

KETAMINE
Also known as "special k"
Is an anesthetic
Causes hallucinations
Causes memory loss
•An overdose can cause a person to stop breathing

NARCOTICS
 Highly Addictive drugs that get rid of pain and dull the senses.
Example:
Morphine
Codeine
heroin

HALLUCINOGENS
 Drugs that distort moods, thoughts, and senses
 Causes people to become disoriented confused, or less sensitive to pain.

INHALANTS
 Causes extreme permanent damage to brain.
 The vapors of chemicals that are sniffed or inhaled to get a "high"
 Most inhalants come from household products that are not meant to be taken into the
body

Example of inhalants include :

petroleum products (gasoline and kerosene)
toluene (used in paint thinner
permanent markers
contact cement and model glue)
acetone (used in nail polish remover).

STEROIDS
 Steroids are drugs that are either human hormones or similar to hormones found in the
human body.
 People who use steroids may have problems controlling their anger.


Lesson 4: Prohibited and Non-Prohibited Drugs

PROHIBITED DRUGS
 Drugs whose production or use is prohibited or strictly controlled via prescription.
 Forbidden by the law
 Makes people unpredictable and dangerous
Below are the types of illegal/ prohibited drugs:
CANNABIS/ MARIJUANA- a psychoactive drug from the cannabis plant. Used for both
recreational and entheogenic purposes.
COCAINE- produce from the leaves of Erthroxylon coca plant. Commonly in powder form
which is often snorted.
MDMA/ ECSTASY- commonly known as party drugs.
HALLUCINOGENS- group of drugs causing changes the way people see, hear, feel, or think.
HEROIN- belongs to a group of pain relieving drugs called narcotics.
INHALANTS- known as volatile substances or solvents, are substance that are sniffed or breathe
in.
KETAMINE- white powder, usually sold in ‘bumps’ or grams.
METHAPHETAMINE- also known as shabu.

NON PROHIBITED DRUGS

 Any drugs including any prescription drugs or over- the- counter drug, that has been
legally obtained and that is not unlawfully sold or distributed.
Below the examples of legal/ non-prohibited drugs:
ALCOHOL- classified as a Central Nervous System depressant, which means that drinking
alcohol, lows down brain functioning.
CAFFEINE- is found in many drinks such as coffee, tea, soft drinks, and energy drinks.
NICOTINE- a stimulant drug that speeds up the messages travelling between the brain and body
ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES- also called birth control pills, use for preventing unwanted
pregnancy.
ANTIBIOTICS- use to treat or prevent some types of bacteria infection.

Lesson 5: Drug Education Republic Act No. 9165

 Section 5. Sale, Trading, Administration, Dispensation, Delivery, Distribution and
Transportation of Dangerous Drugs and/or Controlled Precursors and Essential
Chemicals. - The penalty of life imprisonment to death and a fine ranging from Five
hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00) to Ten million pesos (P10,000,000.00) shall be
imposed upon any person, who, unless authorized by law, shall sell, trade, administer,
dispense, deliver, give away to another, distribute dispatch in transit or transport any
dangerous drug, including any and all species of opium poppy regardless of the quantity
and purity involved, or shall act as a broker in any of such transactions.
 The penalty of imprisonment ranging from twelve (12) years and one (1) day to twenty
(20) years and a fine ranging from One hundred thousand pesos (P100,000.00) to Five
hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00) shall be imposed upon any person, who, unless
authorized by law, shall sell, trade, administer, dispense, deliver, give away to another,
 distribute, dispatch in transit or transport any controlled precursor and essential chemical,
or shall act as a broker in such transactions.
 If the sale, trading, administration, dispensation, delivery, distribution or transportation of
any dangerous drug and/or controlled precursor and essential chemical transpires within
one hundred (100) meters from the school, the maximum penalty shall be imposed in
every case.
 The penalty of twelve (12) years and one (1) day to twenty (20) years of imprisonment
and a fine ranging from One hundred thousand pesos (P100,000.00) to Five hundred
thousand pesos (P500,000.00) shall be imposed upon any person, who acts as a
"protector/coddler" of any violator of the provisions under this Section.

Lesson 6: Effects of Taking Drugs

What are the effects of taking drugs?

Drugs have different effects depending on the drug itself, the person taking it and their
surroundings. Learn how your body processes drugs and about the short-term and long-term
effects. Taking drugs can affect not just your physical and mental health, but your whole life.
Just one pill can kill.

Drugs affect your whole life

Drugs don’t just affect your physical body and health, they can affect your mental health, your
finances, your relationships, your social life and your criminal record.

Physical effects can vary

The way a drug affects you depends on:

 the drug itself

what type of drug it is

how you took it
how much you took

how strong or pure it is

how often you take it

 your own body

your gender
physical size
mood
personality
expectations
how recently you ate
your general health
have you become tolerant?
what other drugs you took with it – for example, alcohol.

 Each drug causes different physical reactions, depending on the type of drug. Some will
make you feel more awake, alert and energetic. Others will give you a calm, relaxed
feeling. Some alter your perceptions and can cause hallucinations. Others may make you
feel numb.
  Long-term use and larger doses have negative effects that can seriously harm your health,
even cause death, including disease risks from sharing needles, and permanent damage to
the brain and other organs.

 Visit the Alcohol and Drug Foundation website to learn about individual drugs and their
effects.

Other effects:
Mental health

Studies show that drug use increases your risk of mental health issues such as anxiety, depression
and psychosis. People with mental health issues also have a higher rate of drug use problems.

Financial issues

Some drugs can be very expensive – the street price of illicit drugs depends on availability and
demand. If you have become dependent on a drug, you could end up in financial trouble.

Illicit drug use causes a significant burden to the Australian economy. For example, the
estimated total social costs for methamphetamine alone are around $5 billion annually – through
crime, loss of productivity and increased health care costs.

Relationships

Because drugs can change your behaviour, they can affect your relationships with family and
friends. There is an increased risk of injury and/or assault to both yourself and other people.

Legal issues

Many drugs are illegal and you can be fined, or sent to prison, for having them. If convicted of a
drug offence, you could end up with a criminal record – this can make it harder to get a job,
apply for a loan, or travel overseas.

Learn more about Australia’s drug laws.

Drugs in sport

Sports people and professional athletes who use illegal substances risk damaging not only their
physical health, but also their reputation and the integrity of their sport.

The Australian Sports Anti-Doping Authority (ASADA) protects the health of athletes and
implements anti-doping programs, including drug testing.

Drugs and driving

Alcohol and other drugs can seriously affect your driving skills. You are more likely to have an
accident, injuring yourself and/or others. The crash could be fatal.

The different types of drugs affect your driving ability in the following ways:

stimulants – driving too fast or erratically, being aggressive behind the wheel, reduced
vision, you can feel overconfident
depressants – driving too slowly, falling asleep at the wheel, veering out of your lane,
your reactions are slower
hallucinogens – distorted vision, hard to correctly judge distances, seeing things that
aren’t there.
Mixing drugs, including alcohol, only increases your risk of having a crash.

Lesson 7: How to Reduce and Quit Drugs

 How to reduce and quit drugs?
It can be hard to take that first step and take a look at your drug use, but it can have a big
impact on how healthy and happy you are.
 Any drug can become problematic, whether it’s cocaine, prescription painkillers or
cannabis. You don’t have to be taking drugs every day for it to be an issue, either.
Dependence on a drug can be physical, psychological or both.
 You might have noticed that you can’t do everyday things without using first, or maybe
you have experienced some kind of withdrawal when you’re not using.
 Other people might have seen a change in your behaviour, or you might have started
taking risks that put your health or safety in danger.
 Whatever the reason, change is possible with the right support

Things to think about before you start

If you’re thinking of taking steps to stop taking drugs or cut down, don’t be afraid to reach out
for help. It’s much easier to make positive changes when you’ve got help and support from other
people.

You could:
 Speak to your doctor about your worries. They’ll be able to give you advice and useful
information.
 If you can, talk to family and friends about your drug use. Asking for help can make a big
difference, especially in the first few weeks.
 Find your nearest drug service. You can search for your nearest service and look at
treatment options further down the page.
 Join a peer support group like Narcotics Anonymous or Cocaine Anonymous.
How you can start to reduce or quit taking drugs
Once you’ve made your decision, try these steps to address your drug use:
 Keep a drug diary. Make a note of when you use, what you take, and how much. It’s also
worth including where you were, who you were with, and what you’d been doing just
before.
 See if you can spot any patterns in your diary. You might always use around particular
people, or after heavy drinking, for example.
 If you can figure out the people, places and things that trigger your drug use, you can
begin to make a plan. You might want to cut some triggers out entirely, or avoid any
combinations that give you cravings.
 Take your time if you need to. Gradual reduction is often the best way to quit.
 Be kind to yourself and celebrate each step towards your goal, no matter how small.
Don’t feel guilty about any setbacks either. It's a process and every challenge is an
opportunity to learn more about yourself.
  If you start having cravings, distract yourself for a few minutes. Mindfulness or
meditation apps and videos like this one are good distractions.
 Have a look at the NHS’s ‘5 steps to mental wellbeing’. They could help you to feel
calmer and more relaxed when you find yourself craving drugs

Lesson 8: How to Prevent and Avoid Drugs

To prevent and avoid drugs, consider these steps:
Education: Learn about the risks and consequences of drug use to make informed
decisions.
Healthy Relationships: Surround yourself with supportive and positive friends and family
members
Communication: Openly discuss your concerns and challenges with trusted individuals.
Peer Pressure: Develop assertiveness s
kills to resist peer pressure and make your own choices.
Engage in Activities: Participate in hobbies, sports, and other activities that keep you
occupied and fulfilled.
Healthy Lifestyle: Maintain a balanced diet, regular exercise, and adequate sleep to
promote overall well-being.
Stress Management: Learn stress-reduction techniques like meditation, yoga, or deep
breathing.
Goal Setting: Set and work towards personal goals to stay motivated and focused on your
future.
Seek Help: If you're struggling, reach out to counselors, therapists, or support groups for
assistance.
Know Your Triggers: Identify situations that might lead to drug use and develop
strategies to avoid them.

Lesson 9: Drug Treatments

Withdrawal Management (WM)
 Medical and psychological care of patients who are experiencing withdrawal symptoms
as a result of ceasing or reducing use of their drug of dependence.
Detoxification
 The process of expelling toxins and substances from the body and suppressing
withdrawal symptoms.
Rehabilitation Program
 Sets of medical or psychotherapeutic treatment for dependency on psychoactive
substances such as alcohol, prescription drugs, and street drugs such as cocaine, heroin or
amphetamines.
Out-patient Treatment
 Drug dependency treatment where the patient is not admitted to the hospital or facility.
Residential Rehabilitation
 Treatment programs for substance dependency provided for patients in residential
settings.
Follow-up and Aftercare
● Support services for persons discharged from hospitals and rehabilitation centers.
 LEVEL OF USE MANAGEMENT
Abstainer Preventive Education

Experimenters
Occasional Users Counseling
Regular Users

Drug Dependent Drug Rehabilitation

Mentally Ill Psychiatric treatment

Chemical Abuser (Substance Induced
Psychosis)

There are various types of drugs used in medical treatments, including:

1. Antibiotics - used to treat bacterial infections

2. Analgesics - used to relieve pain
3. Antidepressants - used to treat depression
4. Antipsychotics - used to manage psychotic symptoms
5. Chemotherapy - used to treat cancer
6. Antihypertensives - used to lower blood pressure

IV. SUMMARY
In conclusion, it is indeed that effective drug education delivered by teachers trained to
use normative, life-skills based approaches, supported by parental and community
involvement contributes to reduced substance misuse and improved outcomes.
Giving your children accurate, age-appropriate information about alcohol and other drugs
and talking openly on this topic, lets your children know that you are happy to have
conversations about a range of subjects, including the ones that might seem harder to talk about.
This can reassure them that no questions or issues are off limits.