WRITING TASK 2

You should spend about 40 minutes on this task.

Write about the following topic.

Traffic congestion is a huge problem in many big cities nowadays. One of the solutions to
solve the traffic problem is to use public transportation. What are the advantages and
disadvantages of public transportation?

Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own
knowledge or experience.

Traffic congestion is a significant issue in many urban 1 areas worldwide, causing delays,
increased pollution, and frustration 2 for drivers and passengers alike. One proposed
solution to this problem is the use of public transportation. While it has several
advantages, it also has some disadvantages that must be taken into consideration 3.

To commence with, public transportation has many good sides. One of the primary
advantages of communal vehicles is that it reduces traffic congestion. By using public
transportation, people can avoid adding to the number of cars on the road. This, in turn,
can reduce the amount of traffic, making it easier for vehicles to move around.
Additionally, public transportation can be more cost-effective than owning a car. In many
cities, the cost of public transportation is significantly lower than the cost of fuel,
insurance, and maintenance4 for a private vehicle. Moreover, public transportation can be
more environmentally friendly than driving a car. Buses and trains typically5 emit6 fewer
pollutants7 per passenger mile than cars do. By using public transportation, people can
contribute to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution, thereby 8
helping to mitigate9 the effects of climate change.

Despite the advantages, there are also some disadvantages to public

transportation. One of the biggest drawbacks is that it can be inconvenient. Public

1
/ˈɝː.bən/ of or in a city or town (adj): củ a hoặ c trong thà nh phố /thị trấ n

2
Thấ t vọ ng

3
Sự xem xé t

4
Bả o trì

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Thườ ng

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Thả i ra

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Chấ t gâ y ô nhiễ m

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Bằ ng cá ch ấ y

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Giả m thiể u
transportation schedules are often rigid 10 and inflexible, requiring people to plan their
day around the bus or train timetable. Additionally, public transportation may not be
available in some areas, limiting people's ability to use it as a viable transportation
option. Another disadvantage is that public transportation can be crowded and
uncomfortable. For instance, buses and trains can be overcrowded during peak 11 hours,
making it difficult for passengers to find a seat or even stand comfortably. Additionally,
public transportation can be less reliable than driving a car. Delays and cancellations can
occur, making it difficult for people to arrive at their destinations on time.

In conclusion, public transportation can be an effective solution to alleviate 12 traffic

congestion in cities. It offers several advantages, including cost savings, environmental
benefits, and reduced traffic. However, it also has some disadvantages, such as
inconvenience, limited availability, and crowding. It is up to individuals and
governments to weigh13 the advantages and disadvantages of public transportation and
determine14 whether it is a viable15 option for their transportation needs. By taking these
actions, efforts can be made to reduce traffic congestion, enhance air quality, and
establish a more sustainable future for our cities."

10
C2 (adj) stiff or fixed; not able to be bent or moved: cứ ng rắ n, cố định, khô ng thay đổ i

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the highest, strongest, or best point, value, or level of skill – peak hour: giờ cao điể m

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Xoa dịu/giả m

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Câ n nhắ c

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Quyế t định

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Khả thi