KYLLE ALOYSIUS E.

AMODIA BSIT-3

1. WHAT IS SYSTEM INTEGRATION?

In very broad terms, system integration is the process of connecting different sub-systems (components)
into a single larger system that functions as one. With regard to software solutions, system integration is
typically defined as the process of linking together various IT systems, services and or software to
enable all of them to work functionally together. The main reason for organizations to use system
integration is their need to improve the productivity and the quality of their operations. The goal is to get
the organization's various IT systems to “talk to each other” through the integration, to speed up
information flows and reduce operational costs for the organization. But system integration is not used
only to connect an organization’s internal systems but also to third parties that the organization operates
with. Now that we have an understanding of what system integration is, let’s take a look at the different
types and methods of integration you can come across and leverage.
2. WHO IS SYSTEM ARCHITECT?
A system architect is in charge of devising, configuring, operating, and maintaining both computer and
networking systems. They objectively analyze desired processes and outcomes and advise on the right
combination of IT systems and components to achieve specific business, department, team, or functional
goals.
3. WHAT IS SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE?
A system architecture is the conceptual model that defines the structure, behavior, and more views of a
system. An architecture description is a formal description and representation of a system, organized in a
way that supports reasoning about the structures and behaviors of the system.
4. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SYSTEM INTEGRATION AND SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE.
Integration not only connects, but it also adds value through the new functionalities provided by
connecting different systems' functions. A system architecture is the conceptual model that defines the
structure, behavior, and more views of a system. A system architecture can consist
of system components and the sub-systems developed, that will work together to implement the
overall system.

5. EXAMPLE OF SYSTEM INTEGRATION.

Point-to-point integration. Also commonly known as star integration or spaghetti integration, this
method interconnects the remaining subsystems. Once connected, these interconnected systems
resemble a star polyhedron. Most companies segment their processes during point-to-point integration.
For example, a separate accounting system could track finances; a web analytics system could manage
website traffic; and a customer resource management (CRM) system would integrate Salesforce.
Depending on the organizational needs, data from each system could be pulled and combined
. KYLLE ALOYSIUS E. AMODIA BSIT-3

CAN YOU EXPLAIN THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PEER TO PEER AND CLIENT SERVER
NETWORK?

Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Network: In a P2P network, all computers or devices are considered equal and can
act as both clients and servers. Each device has its own resources, such as files or applications, which
can be shared directly with other devices on the network. There is no central authority or server
controlling the network; instead, devices communicate and exchange data directly with each other.
While, Client-Server Network: In a client-server network, there is a clear distinction between clients and
servers. Servers are powerful computers that store resources and provide services (such as files,
databases, or applications) to clients. Clients are devices (computers, smartphones, etc.) that request and
use these services from the servers. Servers have more processing power and resources, while clients
typically have limited resources and rely on servers for various functions. In summary, P2P networks
operate on a more decentralized and equal-sharing basis, where all devices can act as both clients and
servers. Client-server networks have a clear division of roles, with servers providing resources and
services to clients, which primarily consume those services.
KYLLE ALOYSIUS E. AMODIA BSIT-3

WHAT ARE THE MAIN SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT METHODOLOGIES?

 Waterfall Methodology: A linear and sequential approach where each phase of development
(requirements, design, implementation, testing, deployment) is completed before moving on to
the next.
 Agile Methodology: A flexible and iterative approach that emphasizes collaboration,
adaptability, and customer feedback. Development occurs in short cycles called sprints.
 Scrum: A specific agile methodology that divides work into time-boxed iterations called sprints,
with a focus on cross-functional teams, daily stand-up meetings, and continuous improvement.
 Kanban: Another agile methodology that focuses on visualizing the workflow and limiting work
in progress, promoting a steady and efficient development process.
 Iterative and Incremental Development: Similar to agile, this approach involves building and
refining a system through multiple cycles of development, adding new features and
improvements incrementally.
 RAD (Rapid Application Development): Emphasizes rapid prototyping and iterative
development to quickly create functional software.
WHAT IS FUNCTIONAL INFORMATION SYSTEM
Functional Information System (FIS): A type of information system that supports specific business
functions or operations within an organization. FIS is designed to facilitate the efficient execution of
tasks such as processing transactions, managing data, and generating reports within a particular
functional area.
Examples of Functional Information Systems include:

 Accounting Information System (AIS): Used to manage financial transactions, track budgets,
generate financial statements, and perform other accounting-related tasks.
 Human Resources Information System (HRIS): Used to manage employee data, track employee
performance, process payroll, and handle other HR-related functions.
 Inventory Management System: Used to track inventory levels, manage stock movements, place
orders, and optimize inventory control.
 Sales and Marketing System: Used to manage customer data, sales leads, marketing campaigns,
and sales forecasts.
 Payroll System: Used to calculate employee salaries, taxes, deductions, and generate payslips.
 Supply Chain Management System: Used to optimize the flow of goods and services from
suppliers to customers, including procurement, logistics, and distribution.