© www.olus.lk. All rights reserved.

Our Lady’s School – Upper Section Take IT easy with Christy

D. Edward Christy
Ruwan Eliya, Nuwara Eliya
chrishspeedy@gmail.com
076 7225232
www.olus.lk

© www.olus.lk. All rights reserved.

1 1.1 Data and Information Take IT easy with Christy

What are data?

• The basic facts about aspects.
• Such as the basic facts about…
a person, a place, an animal, an
object or an event.
• Marks obtained by a student.
• Mr. Sangakkara scored 78 runs.
• Price of a pen.
• The rainfall in Nuwara Eliya.
© www.olus.lk. All rights reserved.
Types of Data Take IT easy with Christy

Videos
Biodata

Pictures Symbols Biometric Data

Data Derivable Data

Numbers Letters Meta Data

Audio Big Data

© www.olus.lk. All rights reserved.

Types of Data Take IT easy with Christy

Text Data (Text Based Data)

• Digits (Numbers) – 0 to 9
• Letters
• Symbols Wild Card Characters – * # @ (Special Tokens)
Punctuation Marks – ?“!
Control characters – Tab, space Null Characters – Empty Data Set

Audio Data
• Sound
• Tone
• Voice

Visual Data
• Images - Vector Graphics, Bitmap (Raster) Graphics
• Pictures
• Motion Pictures - .gif
• Video - Motion Pictures with Audio Data

© www.olus.lk. All rights reserved.

How to classify all the data? Take IT easy with Christy

Quantitative Qualitative

• Data that can be expressed • Data that cannot be expressed

numerically either discrete or numerically.
continuous. e.g.
• Marks of a Student. Colour, shape, sound, degree of health

© www.olus.lk. All rights reserved.

What is the Nature of Data? Take IT easy with Christy
Data must be able to be…
collected.

input. (Fed to the Memory – RAM)

stored.

processed.

communicated.

retrieved (accessed) from a storage medium.

© www.olus.lk. All rights reserved.
1.2 What is the main function of computer system? Take IT easy with Christy
It processes raw data into meaningful information to the user
to make decisions.

Memory Memory
• RAM • RAM • Information
• Raw Data • CPU • Information
• Raw Data • Output Device
• Input Devices • Microprocessor

Input Process Output

The Forms of Output

1. Softcopy
2. Hard Copy
3. Sound
© www.olus.lk. All rights reserved.
What is data processing? Take IT easy with Christy

A set of numerical data can be

Converting, processed in many ways.
manipulating
Some of these are:
raw data
into
Information
using 1) Arithmetical Process
an 2) Organizing – Storing, Indexing
Application
Software. 3) Statistical Process

© www.olus.lk. All rights reserved.

What are the Data Processing Methods? Take IT easy with Christy

Knowledge
Based
Electronic
Systems
Data
Electro Processing
Mechanical
Mechanical Data
Data Processing
Manual Processing
Data
Processing

© www.olus.lk. All rights reserved.

MDP vs EDP /TDP Take IT easy with Christy

EDP /
MDP
TDP

© www.olus.lk. All rights reserved.

The 2 types of Operations in Data Processing Take IT easy with Christy

1. Algebra (Arithmetical) Operators 2. Comparison Operators

Operator Usage Operator Usage
+ Addition > Greater Than
- Substructions >= Greater Than or Equals
* Multiplication < Less Than
/ Division <= Less Than or Equals
DIV Division of round Numbers = (= =) Equals
MOD % Remainder after division < > (≠) Not Equals

© www.olus.lk. All rights reserved.