ZCS5 Day 1 Lab Manual

The Enterprise class Monitoring Solution for Everyone
www.zabbix.com
Zabbix 5.0
Certified Specialist course
LAB Manual Day 1

LAB 1
Zabbix Server installation
ZABBIX SERVER INSTALLATION
List available time zones (replace Europe with your location name)
# timedatectl list-timezones | grep Europe
Europe/Amsterdam
Europe/Andorra
Europe/Astrakhan
Europe/Athens
Europe/Belgrade
Europe/Berlin
Europe/Bratislava
Europe/Brussels
...
Europe/Prague
Europe/Riga
Europe/Rome
...
Europe/Vienna
Europe/Vilnius
Europe/Volgograd
Europe/Warsaw
Europe/Zagreb
Copy the appropriate time zone name, you will use it in the next steps
Europe/Zaporozhye
Europe/Zurich
ZABBIX 5.0 Lab Manual 3

Set proper time zone for OS (replace Europe/Riga with your location from previous step)
# timedatectl set-timezone Europe/Riga
Check the time zone

# date
Wed Apr 15 16:38:47 EEST 2020
Check ntp status

# timedatectl status
Local time: Fri 2020-05-08 06:59:31 EEST

Universal time: Fri 2020-05-08 03:59:31 UTC
RTC time: Fri 2020-05-08 03:59:30
Time zone: Europe/Riga (EEST, +0300)
System clock synchronized: yes
NTP service: active
RTC in local TZ: no

Install MySQL 8 database server
# dnf -y install mysql-server
Last metadata expiration check: 0:11:20 ago on Fri 08 May 2020 06:54:26 AM EEST.
Dependencies resolved.
======================================================================================================
Package Architecture Version
======================================================================================================
Installing:
mysql-server x86_64 8.0.17-3.module_el8.0.0+181+899d6349
....
Installed:
Enable MariaDB service
mysql-server-8.0.17-3.module_el8.0.0+181+899d6349.x86_64
Complete!
# systemctl enable mysqld
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mysqld.service →

/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service.
Start MySQL service

# systemctl start mysqld

Check MySQL status
# systemctl status mysqld
mysqld.service - MySQL 8.0 database server

Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Fri 2020-05-08 07:09:23 EEST; 10min ago
Process: 19467 ExecStartPost=/usr/libexec/mysql-check-upgrade (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 19340 ExecStartPre=/usr/libexec/mysql-prepare-db-dir mysqld.service (code=exited,
status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 19316 ExecStartPre=/usr/libexec/mysql-check-socket (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 19424 (mysqld)
Status: "Server is operational"
Tasks: 39 (limit: 5059)
Memory: 347.2M
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
└─19424 /usr/libexec/mysqld --basedir=/usr
May 08 07:09:14 student-XX systemd[1]: Starting MySQL 8.0 database server...

May 08 07:09:14 student-XX mysql-prepare-db-dir[19340]: Initializing MySQL database
May 08 07:09:23 student-XX systemd[1]: Started MySQL 8.0 database server.
Always check that service is up and running before continuing to next steps !

Open MySQL console
# mysql
● Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 8.0.17 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
mysql> prompt at the beginning of command line means you are now working in mysql console.

Create database zabbix
mysql> create database zabbix character set utf8 collate utf8_bin;
Query OK, 1 row affected, 2 warnings (0.01 sec)
Database character set and collation are very important !

Create database user zabbix with password P455w0RD
mysql> create user 'zabbix'@'localhost' identified by 'P455w0RD';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Give this user access to zabbix database
mysql> grant all privileges on zabbix.* to 'zabbix'@'localhost';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Exit MySQL console

mysql> quit;
Bye
[root@student-xx ~]#

Install Zabbix official repository
# dnf install http://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/5.0/rhel/8/x86_64/zabbix-release-5.0-1.el8.noarch.rpm
Retrieving http://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/5.0/rhel/8/x86_64/zabbix-release-5.0-1.el8.noarch.rpm
warning: /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.Ea4awB: Header V4 RSA/SHA512 Signature, key ID a14fe591: NOKEY
Verifying... ################################# [100%]
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:zabbix-release-5.0-1.el8 ################################# [100%]
Clean dnf cache

# dnf clean all
30 files removed
It is recommended to clean dnf cache after adding or changing repositories, to be sure the new
repositories are used

Install Zabbix server from Zabbix repository (answer y to security questions if asked)
# dnf -y install zabbix-server
======================================================================================================
======================================================================================================
Installing:
zabbix-server-mysql x86_64 5.0.0-0.7rc1.el
Installing dependencies:
mysql-libs x86_64 8.0.17-3.module_el8.0.0
unixODBC x86_64 2.3.7-1.el8
OpenIPMI-libs x86_64 2.0.25-4.el8
libtool-ltdl x86_64 2.4.6-25.el8
net-snmp-libs x86_64 1:5.8-12.el8_1.1
fping x86_64 3.16-1.el8
Transaction Summary
======================================================================================================
Install 7 Packages
Installed:
zabbix-server-mysql-5.0.0-0.7rc1.el8.x86_64
mysql-libs-8.0.17-3.module_el8.0.0+181+899d6349.x86_64.el8.x86_64
...
Complete!

Load initial DB schema into database (use zabbix DB user password from previous steps)
# zcat /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql/create.sql.gz | mysql -uzabbix -p zabbix
Enter password: P455w0RD

Check that zabbix DB schema is loaded successfully
# mysql
mysql> use zabbix
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+----------------------------+
| Tables_in_zabbix |
+----------------------------+
| acknowledges |
| actions |
| ...... |
| 166 rows in set (0.01 sec)
11
mysql> quit;
ZABBIX 5.0 Lab Manual

Edit minimum required Zabbix configuration file parameters
You must add DBPassword=P455w0RD entry to the configuration file
# vi /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
### Option: DBName

DBName=zabbix
### Option: DBUser

# Database user.
# Mandatory: no
# Default:
# DBUser=
DBUser=zabbix
### Option: DBPassword

# Database password.
# Comment this line if no password is used.
# Mandatory: no
# Default:
# DBPassword=
DBPassword=P455w0RD

Enable Zabbix server service
# systemctl enable zabbix-server
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/zabbix-server.service →

/usr/lib/systemd/system/zabbix-server.service.
Start Zabbix server service

# systemctl start zabbix-server
Check Zabbix service status

# systemctl status zabbix-server
zabbix-server.service - Zabbix Server

Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/zabbix-server.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Wed 2020-04-15 21:30:09 EEST; 1s ago
Process: 2696 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/zabbix_server -c $CONFFILE (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 2698 (zabbix_server)
CGroup: /system.slice/zabbix-server.service
├─2698 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server -c /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
├─2707 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: housekeeper [startup idle for 30 minutes]
...
Apr 15 21:30:09 student-XX systemd[1]: Started Zabbix Server.

Check Zabbix server log file for critical errors
# tail -n50 /var/log/zabbix/zabbix_server.log
tail -n100 /var/log/zabbix/zabbix_server.log

2698:20200415:213009.587 Starting Zabbix Server. Zabbix 5.0.0 (revision d3cf98e98b).
2698:20200415:213009.588 ****** Enabled features ******
2698:20200415:213009.588 SNMP monitoring: YES
2698:20200415:213009.588 IPMI monitoring: YES
...
2698:20200415:213009.588 using configuration file: /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
2698:20200415:213009.596 current database version (mandatory/optional): 05000000/05000000
2698:20200415:213009.596 required mandatory version: 05000000
2698:20200415:213009.605 server #0 started [main process]
2704:20200415:213009.606 server #1 started [configuration syncer #1]
...
2736:20200415:213009.969 server #31 started [preprocessing worker #1]
2722:20200415:213010.995 Zabbix agent item "system.cpu.load[all,avg1]" on host "Zabbix server"
failed: first network error, wait for 15 seconds
2724:20200415:213025.999 Zabbix agent item "system.cpu.util[,user]" on host "Zabbix server" failed:
another network error, wait for 15 seconds
It is expected to have some unsupported item or agent failure messages here, these errors
are not critical !

Install Zabbix frontend packages
# dnf -y install zabbix-web-mysql zabbix-apache-conf
Last metadata expiration check: 0:26:12 ago on Fri 08 May 2020 07:51:07 AM EEST.
Dependencies resolved.
======================================================================================================
Repository Size
======================================================================================================
Installing:
zabbix-apache-conf noarch 5.0.0-0.7rc1.el8
zabbix-web-mysql noarch 5.0.0-0.7rc1.el8
Installing dependencies:
apr x86_64 1.6.3-9.el8
apr-util x86_64 1.6.1-6.el8
centos-logos-httpd noarch 80.5-2.el8
...
Installed:
zabbix-apache-conf-5.0.0-0.7rc1.el8.noarch
zabbix-web-mysql-5.0.0-0.7rc1.el8.noarch
...
Complete!

Configure PHP for Zabbix frontend
uncomment php_value[date.timezone] and replace Europe/Riga with your timezone
# vi /etc/php-fpm.d/zabbix.conf
[zabbix]
...
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 5
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 35
php_value[session.save_handler] = files
php_value[session.save_path] = /var/opt/rh/rh-php72/lib/php/session/
php_value[max_execution_time] = 300
php_value[memory_limit] = 128M
php_value[post_max_size] = 16M
php_value[upload_max_filesize] = 2M
php_value[max_input_time] = 300
php_value[max_input_vars] = 10000
php_value[date.timezone] = Europe/Riga

Enable apache service
# systemctl enable httpd php-fpm
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service →

/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service.
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/php-fpm.service →
/usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service.
# systemctl start httpd php-fpm
Check apache service status

systemctl status httpd
httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server

Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Thu 2020-04-16 09:16:23 UTC; 2min 41s ago
Docs: man:httpd(8)
man:apachectl(8)
Main PID: 1661 (httpd)
Status: "Total requests: 20; Current requests/sec: 0; Current traffic: 0 B/sec"
...
student-XX systemd[1]: Started The Apache HTTP Server.
student-XX httpd[20926]: Server configured, listening on: port 80
Type http://<your_server_ip>/zabbix into your browser address bar
Press Next step

Check that all pre-requisites are OK
Press Next step

Enter P455w0RD into the Password field
Press Next step

Enter your student name into Name box (replace xx with your student number)
Press Next step

Re-check that all parameters are correct
Press Next step

Press Finish to complete frontend installation

Enter Admin into Username field (case sensitive!)
Enter zabbix into password field (case sensitive!)
Press Sign in

Congratulations ! You have successfully installed Zabbix

CONGRATULATIONS!
Zabbix Server installation lab is finished
LAB 2
User profile
USER PROFILE
Go to Administration -> User groups
Press Create user group
Enter Training as a group name and press Add

USER PROFILE
Go to Administration -> Users
Press Create user

USER PROFILE
Enter student-XX into Alias field (this will be your username)
Press Select right to Groups field and choose Training user group
Enter <password> into Password and Password (once again) fields
Enter zabbix.php?action=host.view in the URL (after login) field

USER PROFILE
Click on Permissions tab
Choose Zabbix Super Admin as a user type
Press Add to create user

USER PROFILE
Press Sign out in Main menu to log out from Zabbix frontend

USER PROFILE
Enter student-XX into Username field (replace XX with your student number)
Enter your password into Password field
Press Sign in

USER PROFILE
Congratulations ! You have logged in with your newly created user

USER PROFILE
Go to Administration -> Users and click on Admin user
Press Change password

Enter P455w0RD into fields
• Password
• Password (once again)
Press Update

CONGRATULATIONS!
User profile lab is finished
LAB 3
Create Host groups and Host
HOST GROUPS AND HOST
Go to Configuration -> Host groups in Main menu
Press Create host group

Enter Training into Group name field
Press Add
Press Create host group again to create nested group
Enter Training/Servers into Group name field

Press Add

Click on Filter if the filter form is not visible
Enter Training into Name field (this is a filter field)
Press Apply to filter by group name
Almost every page in Zabbix frontend has a filter. By clicking on Filter you can show or hide the
filter form
Go to Configuration -> Hosts in Main menu
Press Create host

Enter Training-VM-XX into Host name field
Enter your host name (student-XX) into DNS name field and select Connect to: DNS
It is recommended to clean up unused IP address fields to avoid confusion

Type tr into Groups field
Pick Training/Servers from the search list
You can also use Select button to pick up one or more groups from the list

Click on Tags tab
Enter Location as a tag Name and your training location as a tag Value
Initial host setup is complete, press Add
Tags will be used in next tasks, by example to filter problems or assign permissions

Display the filter on Hosts form and enter Training-VM into Name field
Press Apply
When you will have a lot of hosts, using filters will help to find correct ones quickly

You can click on << in Main menu to hide it
Notice, that all availability icons are gray, because we do not have any items to check
Main menu Filters will be hidden on most of the following slides. Please check filters if you cannot
find information on the frontend page

CONGRATULATIONS!
Create Host groups and Host lab is finished
LAB 4
Agentless monitoring
AGENTLESS MONITORING
First , you need to create a new host and put it into Training/Servers group
Go to Configuration -> Hosts and press Create host
Fill Required fields

• Host name: training.lan
• Visible name: Training Resources
• Groups: Training/Servers (enter group name or press Select)
• Interfaces: Enter: training.lan into DNS name field and select Connect to: DNS
Press Add to create host

You have created a host, but it may be not visible, because of the filter !
Press the Reset
Reset button to reset all filters
Always check your filters if you can not find information on Zabbix frontend !

Before creating ICMP Ping item, we will create Application for this item
Click on Applications for Training Resources host
Make sure you click on Applications for correct host !

Press Create application
Enter ICMP into the Name field and press Add

Application is created
Now click on Items for this host
To create applications, items or other host elements click on the corresponding link it the top
menu of the host
Press Create item

Fill the required fields to create item
• Name : ICMP ping
• Type : Simple check
• Key : icmpping
• Type of inf...: Numeric (unsigned)
• Applications: Select: ICMP
Press Add
Application is not required, but it helps to

filter out items
You can find more details on the item in

Zabbix documentation

The frontend must return to Items page and display Item added message
If you receive error like in the picture below, please read carefully the Details and fix the
incorrect field
Press Create item to create next item for Web service availability
Create item

Fill the required fields to create item
• Name: Service Web performance
• Type: Simple check
• Key: net.tcp.service.perf[http]
• Type of inf...: Numeric (float)
• Units: s
• New app...: Service
You are creating new application directly

from item form, which is faster
Press Add
You can find more details on the item in

Zabbix documentation

Now create the third item
• Name: Service NTP availability
• Type: Simple check
• Key: net.udp.service[ntp]
• Type of inf...: Numeric (unsigned)
• Show value: Service state
• Applications: Service
You will be using value map "Service state"

to display result in human readable format.
Application Service is already created from

the previous item
Press Add

Go to Monitoring -> Hosts and check Latest data for Training Resources host
You may need to wait a minute before data are collected from host
Are all the data displayed in human readable format in Last value field ?
• Service NTP availability shows status Up (1)
• Service WEB performance shows response time 3ms
• ICMP Ping displays just 1, which may be confusing for non-technical personal
You need to create a new value map and assign it to ICMP Ping item
Go to Administration -> General and click on GUI. This will open a list
Select Value mapping

This frontend section has a lot of pre-defined value maps, but there is none for ICMP Ping
Press Create value map
Create a new value map

• Name: ICMP Ping status
• Mappings
• Value 0 => Ping lost
• Value 1 => Ping received
Press Add

Go back to Configuration -> Hosts and click Items for Training Resources host
Click on ICMP Ping item
You can click on blue colored column names to sort items ascending / descending
The same works for other forms also. A small triangle is displayed on the sort column

Click on Show value field and Choose ICMP Ping status
Press Update
Update at the bottom of the screen to update item
Go to Monitoring -> Hosts and look at the Latest data for Training Resources host one
more time
All items now are displaying data in human readable format

CONGRATULATIONS!
Agentless monitoring lab is finished
The Enterprise class Monitoring Solution for Everyone
www.zabbix.com
Zabbix 5.0
Certified Specialist course
End of Day 1

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The Enterprise class Monitoring Solution for Everyone

LAB Manual Day 1

ZABBIX 5.0 Lab Manual 3

Check the time zone

Wed Apr 15 16:38:47 EEST 2020

Check ntp status

Local time: Fri 2020-05-08 06:59:31 EEST

ZABBIX 5.0 Lab Manual 4

# systemctl enable mysqld

Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mysqld.service →

Start MySQL service

ZABBIX 5.0 Lab Manual 5

mysqld.service - MySQL 8.0 database server

May 08 07:09:14 student-XX systemd[1]: Starting MySQL 8.0 database server...

ZABBIX 5.0 Lab Manual 6

● Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

ZABBIX 5.0 Lab Manual 7

Query OK, 1 row affected, 2 warnings (0.01 sec)

Database character set and collation are very important !

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

Exit MySQL console

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Clean dnf cache

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Enter password: P455w0RD

mysql> show tables;

ZABBIX 5.0 Lab Manual

### Option: DBName

### Option: DBUser

### Option: DBPassword

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Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/zabbix-server.service →

Start Zabbix server service

Check Zabbix service status

zabbix-server.service - Zabbix Server

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tail -n100 /var/log/zabbix/zabbix_server.log

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Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service →

# systemctl start httpd php-fpm

Check apache service status

httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server

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Enter Training as a group name and press Add

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