2022 下 CATTI 真题解析

（汉译英-二级笔译）
01 第一篇

01

在新冠疫情全球蔓延的困难时刻，东亚国家选择了开放合作。
At a difficult time when COVID-19 pandemic was rampaging across the world, East Asian
countries opted for openness and cooperation.

RCEP 的签署给区域经济复苏注入了新动能。RCEP 将进一步促进东亚地区的贸易和投资，加

强区域产业链供应链合作，实现地区国家优势互补、互惠互利。
The signing of RCEP has injected new momentum into regional economic recovery. RCEP
will give a further boost to the trade and investment in East Asia, bolster regional
cooperation in industrial and supply chains, and play to the complementary
advantages and mutual-benefit ties among countries in the region.

作为东亚经济增长的主要引擎，中国率先控制疫情并实现经济复苏，助力地区国家应对疫情
冲击。
As the powerhouse of economic growth in East Asia, China was the first country to
contain the outbreaks and usher in speedy economic recovery, setting a stellar
example for countries in the region in fighting the pandemic.

▋ 解析：

1. 蔓延

译文用到了 rampage 一词。

rampage /ræmˈpeɪdʒ/ 指 to go through an area making a lot of noise and causing

damage 横冲直撞；撒野

为不及物动词，后面可跟副词或介词。

【例句】
The robbers rampaged through the town, smashing windows and setting fire to cars.
强盗们横冲直撞穿过城镇，沿途砸坏窗户、烧毁车辆。

Several villages were destroyed by rampaging robbers.

好几个村子被狂暴撒野的强盗捣毁。

rampage 也可作名词。

常见搭配：go on a/the rampage

【例句】
Robbers went on a/the rampage through the city.
强盗在城中横冲直撞，胡作非为。

“蔓延”还可以这么表达：

① spread v. n.

However, he said the outbreak had spread around the world rapidly and he had
decided that it was indeed of international concern.
然而，谭德塞指出，猴痘疫情在世界各地迅速蔓延，他认为猴痘疫情确实已达到国际关注级
别。（作动词）

当前，世界百年未有之大变局正在加速演进，新冠肺炎疫情仍在蔓延，人类社会面临前所未
有的挑战，世界发展进入新的动荡变革期。
Our world today is living through accelerating changes unseen in a century
and continued spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. （作名词）
（在金砖国家领导人第十四次会晤上的讲话）

② ravage /ˈræv.ɪdʒ/ v. 严重破坏；损坏；毁坏

当前，新冠肺炎疫情仍在全球蔓延，世界经济复苏艰难曲折。
At present, COVID-19 is still ravaging the world, and the journey to global economic
recovery remains a difficult and tortuous one.
（在亚太经合组织工商领导人峰会上的主旨演讲）

③ ongoing adj. 持续存在的，仍在进行的

新冠肺炎疫情持续蔓延，使各国经济社会发展雪上加霜。
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has added difficulty to economic and social
development across countries.
（“共同构建人与自然生命共同体”讲话）

2. 注入了新动能
injected new momentum into

momentum /məˈmen.təm/ 表示 the force that keeps an object moving or keeps an event
developing after it has started 动量，冲量；冲力；推动力；势头
为不可数名词。

常见搭配：
gain/gather momentum
loses momentum
give new momentum to

【例句】
The spacecraft will fly around the earth to gain/gather momentum for its trip to
Jupiter.
航天器将绕着地球飞行以获取飞向木星所需的动力。

The play loses momentum (= becomes less interesting, energetic, etc.) by its half
way stage.
这部戏演到一半时就没了看头。

In an attempt to give new momentum to their plans, the committee set a date for
starting detailed discussions.
为了给他们的计划赋予新的动力，委员会确定了开始讨论细节的日期。

“注入新动能”还可这么翻译：

① foster new (growth) drivers

要大力鼓励绿色发展，培育发展新动能，坚持开放和互联互通，推动传统企业数字化改造升
级。
More efforts are needed to encourage green development, foster new growth drivers,
insist on openness and connectivity and promote digital transformation and upgrading
of traditional enterprises.

第三，我们要共同培育全球发展新动能。
Third, we need to jointly foster new drivers for global development.
（在全球发展高层对话会上的讲话）

② inject fresh impetus into

impetus /ˈɪm.pɪ.təs/ n. 推动，促进，刺激

在国内外的种种不稳定因素下，中国西部地区的工业经济在一季度实现了快速增长。产业专
家指出，高科技和新兴产业为地区经济发展注入了新动能。
The industrial economy in China's western regions has registered speedy growth in
the first quarter, with high-tech and emerging industries injecting fresh impetus
into regional economic development amid uncertainties both at home and abroad,
industry experts said.

3. 优势互补、互惠互利
play to the complementary advantages and mutual-benefit ties

complementary /ˌkɒm.plɪˈmen.tər.i/是 complement 的形容词形式，表示：

useful or attractive together

补充的；互补的；补足的

用法：complementary (to sth)

成语“相辅相成”就可以用它来表示。

【例句】
The school's approach must be complementary to that of the parents.
学校与家长的教育方法必须相辅相成。

mutual-benefit 是 mutual benefit 的形容词形式。

其他译法：

① complement each other’s strengths

优化重大生产力布局，构建优势互补、高质量发展的区域经济布局和国土空间体系。
We will improve the distribution of the major productive forces and develop a
regional economic layout and a territorial space system that complement each
other’s strengths and promote high-quality development.
（在中国共产党第二十次全国代表大会上的报告）

② boost complementation

实现设施共建、资源共享、深度嵌入、优势互补。
The two sides need to build infrastructure with joint efforts, share resources,
further integration and boost complementation.

③ embark on a broad path of complementarity

香港、澳门回归祖国后，重新纳入国家治理体系，走上了同祖国内地优势互补、共同发展的
宽广道路。
After their return to the motherland, Hong Kong and Macao were reincorporated into
the national governance system and embarked on a broad path of complementarity and
common development with other parts of the country.
（中共中央关于党的百年奋斗重大成就和历史经验的决议）

④ achieve mutual benefit

他们还通过创新创业、经贸往来、技术交流等方式实现互惠互利。
They also achieve mutual benefit through incubating startups, promoting economic
and trade cooperation, advancing technological exchange, and other efforts.
（《新时代的中国青年》）

⑤ the outcomes of mutually beneficial cooperation

新形势下中国－中东欧国家合作要坚持务实导向，扩大互惠互利的合作成果。
Under the new situation, China and the CEEC should take a practical approach to
cooperation and expand the outcomes of mutually beneficial cooperation.
（向第二届中国－中东欧国家博览会致贺信）

这两个词属于高频词，大家一定要记下来哦。

▶拓展阅读：CATTI 考试碰到四字词怎么翻译？

4. 实现经济复苏
usher in speedy economic recovery

usher /ˈʌʃ.ər/ 表示 to show someone where they should go, or to make someone go
where you want them to go 引导；引领；把…引往

平时我们把人“领到”某个地方就可以用这个词。

【例句】
She ushered us into her office and offered us coffee.
她把我们领进她的办公室，给我们倒了咖啡。

短语 usher sth↔in 为正式用语，表示 to be the beginning of something new or to make

something new begin 开创（尤指重大的变化或新事物）；开始；开启

译文还给“经济复苏”补充了一个修饰词 speedy。

它相当于 quick，表示“快速的，迅速的”。

常见搭配：

a speedy reply 快速回复

a speedy recovery 很快康复
take speedy action 迅速采取行动
make a speedy decision 迅速作出决定
a speedy worker 干活麻利

5. 其他词汇：

开放合作 openness and cooperation

RCEP (Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership) 区域全面经济伙伴关系协定
东亚地区 East Asia
产业链供应链 industrial and supply chains
经济复苏 economic recovery

02

中国贯彻新发展理念，推动高质量发展，加快构建新发展格局，在坚持扩大内需的同时，推
进高水平对外开放，充分彰显中国支持贸易自由化、主动向世界开放市场的大国担当。
Applying the new development philosophy on all fronts, China has gone to
extraordinary lengths to push for high-quality development, to forge a new pattern
of development, and to promote high-standard opening up alongside efforts to expand
domestic demand, in the midst of which China has lived up to its responsibility as
a major power supporting trade liberalization and opening its market to the
world.

中国一直积极参与 RCEP 谈判，发挥了不可或缺的作用。中方将一如既往支持东盟发挥主导

作用，同各方合作做好 RCEP 实施工作，使成果更早惠及地区企业和民众。
China has been an active contributor to and played an indispensable role in RCEP
negotiation. As always, China unwaveringly supports ASEAN's dominant role in this
initiative and will work closely with all concerned parties to put RCEP into
constructive implementation and to benefit regional businesses and people with its
fruits.

协议签署是各方 8 年努力磋商的结果，也是深化东亚区域经济合作的新起点。通过相互合作
促进疫后经济复苏，造福地区国家和人民，为构建开放型世界经济作出积极贡献。
Not only is the signing of RCEP the culmination of an eight-year-long negotiation
among all concerned parties, but it also marks a new beginning for deepening the
regional economic cooperation in East Asia. Such cooperation would smooth the way
for post-pandemic economic recovery, benefit countries and people within the region,
and contribute to the building of an open world economy.

▋ 解析：

一、句子解析
中国贯彻新发展理念，//①推动高质量发展，②加快构建新发展格局，[在坚持扩大内需的
同时]，③推进高水平对外开放，//充分彰显中国支持贸易自由化、主动向世界开放市场的
大国担当。

Applying the new development philosophy on all fronts, //China has gone to
extraordinary lengths ①to push for high-quality development, ②to forge a new
pattern of development, ③and to promote high-standard opening up [alongside
efforts to expand domestic demand], //in the midst of which China has lived up to
its responsibility as a major power supporting trade liberalization and opening its
market to the world.

第一句非常长，译文没有进行断句，也用了个长难句来应对。

译文将“推动高质量发展，加快构建新发展格局，推进高水平对外开放”三点作为句子主干，
用 China has gone to extraordinary lengths to... to..., and to...处理成并列结构。

开头“中国贯彻新发展理念”用现在分词作状语。

“在坚持扩大内需的同时”用介词 alongside 连接，移到“推进高水平对外开放”的后面。

句子最后一部分处理成 in the midst of which 定语从句。

二、重点词汇

1. 贯彻新发展理念
Applying the new development philosophy on all fronts

on all fronts 表示“在各方面，在各条战线上”。

“贯彻”常见的翻译还有：

① resolutely implement

全面准确、坚定不移贯彻“一个国家、两种制度”的方针，促进香港、澳门长期繁荣稳定，
坚决反对和遏制“台独”，完成祖国统一大业。
It shall promote long-term prosperity and stability in Hong Kong and Macao,
resolutely oppose and deter separatists seeking “Taiwan independence,” and
achieve the reunification of the motherland by fully, faithfully, and resolutely
implementing the policy of One Country, Two Systems.
（中国共产党章程）

② fully implement
聚天下英才而用之，从组织上保证党的基本理论、基本路线、基本方略的贯彻落实。
The whole Party must bring together the brightest minds from all over, thus ensuring
organizationally that the Party’s basic theory, basic line, and basic policy
are fully implemented and applied.
（中国共产党章程）

2. 发挥了不可或缺的作用
played an indispensable role in

“不可或缺”可翻译成 indispensable。

indispensable /ˌɪn.dɪˈspen.sə.bəl/ 表示 Something or someone is so good or

important that you could not manage without it, him, or her. 必不可少的，必需的

同义词：essential

用法：
indispensable to sb/sth
indispensable for sth/for doing sth

【例句】
She made herself indispensable to the department.
她让自己成为该部门不可或缺的人。

A good dictionary is indispensable for learning a foreign language.

对学习外语来说，一本好的词典是必不可少的。

3. 一如既往

常见表达为 as always。

还可翻成：

① stick to

作为一个以经济议题为主的论坛，论坛年会将一如既往地探讨全球经济的走势以及产业链、
通货膨胀等一系列相关问题。
As a Forum specialized in the economic agenda, the BFA Annual Conference will stick
to correlative issues and further probe into the trend of world economy and issues
including industrial chain, inflation, etc.

② continue to

我们将一如既往坚持党对外交工作的领导。
We will continue to uphold the Party's leadership of diplomatic work.
（外长记者会）

4. 其他词汇：

新发展理念 new development philosophy

高质量发展 high-quality development
新发展格局 a new pattern of development
内需 domestic demand
高水平对外开放 high-standard opening up
贸易自由化 trade liberalization
东亚区域经济合作 the regional economic cooperation in East Asia
疫后经济复苏 post-pandemic economic recovery
开放型世界经济 an open world economy

02
第二篇

01

职业教育，是国民教育体系和人力资源开发的重要组成部分，是广大青年打开通往成功成才
大门的重要途径。
Vocational education is not only an important part of national education system and
human resource development, but also a pivotal path that leads young people to
success.

我国经济持续快速发展，职业教育功不可没，已为各行各业累计培养输送 2 亿多高素质劳动
者。
The sustained and burgeoning development of China's economy is inseparable from its
vocational education system, which has by far fostered an accumulative total of over
200 million highly skilled workers for various industries and sectors.

在天津，职业教育与普通教育相互沟通的现代职业教育体系，首批 599 名职业教育本科生已

经毕业，学生就业率远高于普通本科，就职领域集中于战略新兴产业和高端制造业。
In Tianjin, a modern vocational education system linking up vocational education
and general education has graduated the first batch of 599 vocational undergraduates,
who are found to eclipse general undergraduates with a higher employment rate.
Vocational undergraduates have found jobs mainly in strategic emerging industries
and high-end manufacturing sectors.

在西藏，职教扶贫工作取得新突破。西藏职业技术学院毕业生就业率，从 2018 年的 70%跃

升到 2020 年的 95.17%。
In Tibet, new breakthroughs have been made in poverty alleviation through vocational
education, with employment rate in the graduates of Tibet Vocational Technical
College jumping from 70% in 2018 to 95.17% in 2020.

▋ 解析：

一、句子解析

1. 职业教育，是国民教育体系和人力资源开发的重要组成部分，是广大青年打开通往成功
成才大门的重要途径。

碰到这种“是……是……”的句子，可以用 not only...but also...来翻译。

“广大青年打开通往成功成才大门的重要途径”，前置定语非常长，碰到这种情况可处理成
后置定语：a pivotal path that leads young people to success。

2. 在天津，职业教育与普通教育相互沟通的现代职业教育体系，首批 599 名职业教育本科

生已经毕业，学生就业率远高于普通本科，//就职领域集中于战略新兴产业和高端制造业。
In Tianjin, //a modern vocational education system linking up vocational education
and general education has graduated the first batch of 599 vocational
undergraduates, //who are found to eclipse general undergraduates with a higher
employment rate. //Vocational undergraduates have found jobs mainly in strategic
emerging industries and high-end manufacturing sectors.

汉译英碰到长句，首先还是要找重点。

这个句子重点可取“职业教育与普通教育相互沟通的现代职业教育体系，首批 599 名职业教

育本科生已经毕业”。

“职业教育与普通教育相互沟通的现代职业教育体系”作主语，前置定语很长，可处理成定
语从句或像译文一样用现在分词短语作后置定语：

a modern vocational education system linking up vocational education and general

education

后面译文用到了 has graduated the first batch of 599 vocational undergraduates。

graduate 除了指“毕业”，还可指 to give a degree, diploma, etc. to somebody 授予（某

人）学位（或毕业文凭等）

用法：graduate sb (from sth)

【例句】
The college graduated 50 students last year.
去年这所学院有 50 名毕业生。

“学生就业率远高于普通本科”指的就是前面的“职业教育本科生”，因此译文用了 who 引
导的定语从句。

句子最后“就职领域集中于战略新兴产业和高端制造业”被单独译成一句，实际上，不断句
也是可以的。例如：

In Tianjin, a modern vocational education system linking up vocational education

and general education has graduated the first batch of 599 vocational undergraduates,
who are found to eclipse general undergraduates with a higher employment rate and
find jobs mainly in strategic emerging industries and high-end manufacturing
sectors.

二、重点词汇

1. 职业教育功不可没
is inseparable from its vocational education system

译文用 be inseparable from 来表示“功不可没”。

inseparable /ɪnˈsep.rə.bəl/ 指 not able to be separated（事物）分不开的，不可分的

用法：inseparable (from sth)

【例句】
Our economic fortunes are inseparable from those of Europe.
我们的经济命运和欧洲息息相关。

它也可形容人“亲密无间，形影不离”。

【例句】
When we were kids Zoe and I were inseparable.
我和佐伊在孩提时代形影不离。

“功不可没”还可以这么翻译：

① make invaluable contributions to

我国广大农业科技工作者付出了艰辛努力，为保障国家粮食安全、确保老百姓丰衣足食作出
了重要贡献，功不可没。
All the country's scientific and technical workers in the agricultural sector have
made arduous efforts. They have made invaluable contributions to safeguarding
national food security and ensuring that the people enjoy ample supply of food and
clothing.
（在四川考察时强调）

② play an important role in

这次新冠肺炎疫情如此严重，但我国社会始终保持稳定，粮食和重要农副产品稳定供给功不
可没。总的来说，我国完全有能力保障粮食和重要农产品供给。
China is fully capable of ensuring the supply of grain and major agricultural
products, which have played an important role in maintaining social stability
through the severe epidemic.

③ owe to

中国－东盟合作取得骄人成绩，人文交流功不可没。
The proud achievements of China-ASEAN cooperation owe to a large measure to the
robust exchanges between our peoples.
（李在第 21 次中国－东盟领导人会议上的讲话）

④ contributions are undeniable for

The private sector's contributions are undeniable for the country to be able to
make miraculous achievements in economic development.
我国经济发展能够创造中国奇迹，民营经济功不可没。
（2018 年 1 月民营企业座谈会上的讲话）

2. 学生就业率远高于普通本科
eclipse general undergraduates with a higher employment rate

译文没有将“远高于”翻成比较级，而是用了动词 eclipse。

eclipse /ɪˈklɪps/ 原指“日食/月食”，后延伸为：

to make another person or thing seem much less important, good, or famous
掩没…的重要性（或优点、声誉等）；凌驾…之上；光芒盖过…

用法：eclipse sb/sth

【例句】
The economy has eclipsed all other issues during this election campaign.
这次大选期间，经济问题成为压倒一切的重大议题。

作名词时可表示 a situation in which something becomes less important 黯然失色

可作不可数名词，也可作可数名词，但只能为单数。

常见搭配：in eclipse

【例句】
His remarkable contribution to literature has been too long in eclipse.
他对文学的杰出贡献已被人们遗忘太久了。

The eclipse of the family was inevitable.

这个家族大势已去，无可挽回。

3. 其他词汇：

职业教育 vocational education

国民教育体系 national education system
人力资源开发
human resource development(HRD)
高素质劳动者 highly skilled workers
普通教育 general education
战略新兴产业 strategic emerging industries
高端制造业 high-end manufacturing sectors
职教扶贫工作 poverty alleviation through vocational education
就业率 employment rate

02

在一些人心中，职业教育“低人一等”。
In the eyes of some, vocational education amounts to “lower-class” education.

数据显示，我国技能人才已超过 2 亿人，占就业总量的 26%。然而高技能人才仅有 5000 万

人，占技能人才总量的 28%。
Statistics show that there are more than 200 million skilled workers in China,
accounting for 26% of total employment. Still, there are only 50 million highly
skilled workers, accounting for only 28% of total skilled workers.

职业教育与普通教育是两种不同教育类型，具有同等重要地位。增强职业教育认可度和吸引
力。
Vocational education and general education are two different types of education with
equal importance. Therefore, more efforts must be put in to improve the visibility
and appeal of vocational education.

▋ 解析：
一、句子解析

1. 职业教育与普通教育是两种不同教育类型，具有同等重要地位。

“具有同等重要地位”，译文用了个介词短语 with equal importance，就很好地将意思表

达了出来。

用 although 让步状从或定语从句也可，但不如参考译文简练紧凑。

我们可以对比一下三种译法：

Although vocational education and general education are different types of

education, they have equal importance.

Vocational education and general education are two different types of

education that have equal importance.

Vocational education and general education are two different types of

education with equal importance.

2. 增强职业教育认可度和吸引力。

这句为汉语典型的无主句。翻译的时候我们要把主语补上。

参考译文用了 more efforts 作主语，加上 therefore 衔接上下文。

Therefore, more efforts must be put in to improve the visibility and appeal of
vocational education.

我们也可以用万能的 we 作主语。例如：

Therefore, we should improve the visibility and appeal of vocational education.

二、重点词汇

1. 职业教育“低人一等”
vocational education amounts to “lower-class” education

“低人一等”参考用了 “lower-class” 来表示。

还有三个单词也可表示这一含义。

① inferior /ɪnˈfɪə.ri.ər/
not good, or not as good as someone or something else 差的；比…不如的

用法：be inferior to

【例句】
It was clear the group were regarded as intellectually/morally/socially inferior.
很显然，这个群体被认为在智力／道德水平／社会地位上很低下。

These products are inferior to those we bought last year.

这些产品比我们去年买的差些。

② lesser

used to describe something that is not as great in size, amount, or importance as

something else 较小的，较少的；次要的

【例句】
They treat us like lesser human beings and blame us for the way we are forced to
live.
他们把我们当作低人一等的人，责怪我们被迫以这种方式生活。

③ minor

having little importance, influence, or effect, especially when compared with other
things of the same type 较不重要的；次要的；轻微的

【例句】
Put every ounce of creative energy you have into every job you do, even if it seems
like a minor job.
把你的创造力倾注于每一份工作中，即便是看似微不足道的工作。

考试的时候想不到这些词也没关系，“低人一等”实际就是没那么重要，翻成 less
important 也是可以的。

2. 认可度

译文用了 visibility /ˌvɪz.əˈbɪl.ə.ti/。

它表示 the degree to which something is seen by the public 可见性；明显性

即“能被大众看到”，将“认可”的含义表达了出来。

也可用 recognition，它的“认可”包含两层含义：
① agreement that something is true or legal
承认；认可；接受

② public praise and reward for somebody’s work or actions 赏识，赞赏；表彰

用法：
recognition for
in recognition of

【例句】
Ella complained that the company never gave her any recognition for her work.
埃拉抱怨说公司从未认可过她的工作。

He received the award in recognition of his success over the past year.
他受到了奖励，这是对他过去一年的成绩的肯定。

3. 其他词汇：

技能人才 skilled workers

高技能人才 highly skilled workers
吸引力 appeal