ECG AND CARDIAC

IMAGING
Dr Navaneeth S Kamath

MBBS, MD, FAGE

Faculty Of Medicine
ECG

To see electrical activity of the

heart.

Visualize the heart from all

directions.

V2
 ECG machine.
Connecting the chest leads
int and limb leads.

Pli
 Identify heart rate and rhythm disturbances.

Conduction abnormalities.

Hypertrophy and chamber enlargement.

USES OF ECG Myocardial Ischemia

2iectrolyte disturbances-Sodium, Potassium, Calcium,

magnesIum

ericardial Disorders-Pericarditis, peric

Cardiomyopathies
 X-RAY

Chest x-ray may be used to identify

disorders of the lung, chest wall,
pleura, mediastinum, heart, and
blood vessels.

Views- AP, PA, Lateral

Views.
 USES

Anyone thought to have a heart disorder has chest x-rays taken from the front and
the side. Typically, the person is standing upright, but chest x-rays can be done with
people lying in bed if they cannot stand. A machine is then used to beam x-rays
through the person's body and record a picture on an xray film. The test is painless.
The x-rays show the shape and size ofthe heart and the outline of the large blood
vessels in the lungs and chest. Abnormal
heart shape or size and abnormalities,
Such as calciumo eposits within blood vessels, are readily seen. Chest x-rays also
can detect information about the condition of the
lungs, particularly whether blood
vessels in the lungs are abnormal and whether there is fluid in or around the
lungs.
Xrays can detect enlargement ofthe heart.

Xrays can sometimes be

helpful in
the diagnosis ofconstrictive pericarditis by detecting
calcium deposits of the sac that envelops the heart(peritardium).

The appearance of blood vessels in the lungs is often more useful in making diagnosis
a
than the appearance of the heart itself. For instance, enlargement of the pulmonary
arteries (the arteries that carry blood from the heart to the lungs) and narrowing of the
arteries within the lung tissue suggest high blood pressure
which may lead to thickening of the muscle of the right
in the
ventricle.
pulmonary arteries,
 /2
PORTABLE

Cardiomegaly

O0@eo
Aortic aneurysm
Discovery

CTNSCAN
 USES OF HEART CT

CT- Coronary
angiogram-for Congenital heart Blood clots within
coronary artery Trauma to heart
defects the heart chambers
disease., Calciumn
Scoring

Tumors in the heart Pulmonary Aortic aneurysm, Pericardial

Embolism dissections disorders
 CT coronary angiogram
CX

M
RCA D1

LAD
LAD AIP
Cardic Tumor
Pulmonary Embolism
m e 7itan 3T

TOSHIBA

MRI
 USES OF CARDIAC MRI

Evaluating the anatomy and function of the heart chambers, heart valves, size of
and blood flow through
major vessels.
Tumors, infections, infiltrative and
inflammatory conditions.
evaluating the effects of coronary artery disease such limited
as blood flow to the
heart muscle and scarring within the heart muscle after a heart attack.

Evaluating arrhythmia or
unexplained cardiogenic syncope.
Evaluating congenital heart disease Preop and post-op
-

Whenever CT is contraindicated MRI can be done

1 9
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 Troponin I

WHAT ARE Troponin T

THE CARDIAC
BIOMARKERS
CK-MB
Micro-RNA
Biomarkens of hemodyamic e NPs: atrial
natriuretic peptide (ANP), N oBN), B-type natriuretic
peptide (BNP)
 WHEN To USE

Cardiac biomarkers are of great importance in the timely, accurate diagnosis and management of
acute coronary syndrome as well as the prognosis.
Heart failure BNP, NT-proBNP.
Acute MI-Troponin T/I, CK-MB.
Myocarditis - Trop T/1, CK-MB.

Hs-CRP- May help determine the risk

of future cardiac events in those patients who have had a
heart attack.
Use investigations wisely in the best possible patientinterest and
proper clinicalcontex
ECG

K-Tay
Cardiac biomarkers-Trop T/1, CKMB, NTproBNP, hsCRP
Echocardiogram and Stress Echo
CT and MRI scan
PET-CT
Treadmill Test
Coronary Angiogram
Use investigations wisely in the best possible patient interest and
proper clinlcalcontex
ECG

Xray
Cardiac biomarlkers-Trop
Echocardiogram and Stress
T/1,
Echo
CKMB, NTproBNP, haCRP
CT and MRI scan
PET-CT
Treadmill Test
Coronary Angiogram