ILIGAN MEDICAL CENTER COLLEGE

Basic Education Department

Laya Ext., Pala-o
Iligan City

Music, Arts, Physical Education and

Health (MAPEH)

Grade 5

Second Quarter Learning Module

S.Y. 2021-2022

Prepared by:
Ms. Jearlie Mae A. Basergo

Name of Student: _________________________________________

 ILIGAN MEDICAL CENTER COLLEGE
Basic Education Department
S.Y. 2021-2022

LEARNING MODULE

Quarter: Second
Subject: Health 5
Topic Area: Personal Health
Designed by: Ms. Jearlie Mae A. Basergo
Teaching devices: Modular and online instruction

Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELCs):

The learner…

• Recognizes the changes during Puberty as a normal part of growth and development - Physical
Change - Emotional Change - Social Change
• assesses common misconceptions related to puberty in terms of scientific basis and probable
effects on health
• describes the common health issues and concerns during puberty
• accepts that most of these concerns are normal consequence of bodily changes during puberty
but one can learn to manage them
• discusses the negative health impact and ways of preventing major issues such as early and
unwanted pregnancy
• demonstrates ways to manage puberty - related health issues and concerns
• practices proper self - care procedures
• discusses the importance of seeking the advice of professionals/ trusted and reliable adults in
managing puberty - related health issues and concerns
• differentiates sex from gender
• dentifies factors that influence gender identity and gender roles
• discusses how family, media, religion, school and society in general reinforce gender roles
• gives examples of how male and female gender roles are changing
EXPLORE
Changes, Myths, and Misconceptions about Puberty
Causes of Emotional and Social Changes in Puberty
As a person undergoes physical maturity, the brain also changes in certain ways like the formation
of connections and the release of different hormones. These hormones and connections have a
tremendous impact on how emotions can form. Studies state that the parts of the brain that influence
emotions mature quicker.
Studies have also shown that the levels of hormones can also affect some parts of the brain. These
studies have found a relationship between how emotions are processed and the parts of the brain
that are usually activated.

Emotional and Social Changes

Among the many emotional and social changes that teenagers experience during puberty, some of
the most notable are the following:

Emotional Reactivity and Mood

Some teenagers tend to react more strongly to specific situations or to have more subtle changes in
mood. Scientists believe that this can be due to the effect that hormones may have, or the continuing
development that the brain is still undergoing. Mood changes and strong emotions are normal during
puberty. However, these emotions and moods can also affect how the teenager relates to other
people and society.

Responses to Stress
There are certain shifts in the brain that happen during adolescence and puberty, and these shifts
make the brain respond more strongly to stressful situations. A stressor refers to any factor or event
that causes stress.

Conformity and Acceptance

A teen is also more focused on the acceptance of friends and peers, even more, so that normal. This
is why many teenagers conform to what other people do, or how they behave. Conformity refers to
the behavior that aligns with what is socially being done or accepted by other people.

Building Relationships and Romantic Interests

Due to hormones, teenagers going through puberty are leaning towards building intimate
relationships to the opposite sex. Intimacy or being intimate refers to a bond with another person
that is close, emotional, and familiar.

The Menstrual Cycle and Mood

There is also a physical and scientific reason why girls experience changes in emotions and mood
associated with the menstrual cycle. Several hormones are being released during the cycle, and these
affect the feelings that a girl is more likely to experience.
The Menstrual Cycle
The menstrual cycle is a series of steps associated with the preparation that the female body
undergoes to release an egg cell, the process of release, and the changes that experience afterward.
The first menstrual cycle that a female will undergo is usually in puberty and is known as the
menarche.
Misconceptions About Menstruation
There are many false beliefs and myths about menstruation. Here are some misconceptions:
That menstrual blood has a naturally bad smell.
Menstrual blood is naturally odorless, and the smell should not normally permeate through a woman’s
clothing. Many people think that menstrual blood smells bad, and this is not necessarily true.
While the vagina has a certain smell that is caused by vaginal microflora, or the normal bacteria that
live in the vagina, this should not cause menstrual blood to smell bad.
If the menstrual blood does indeed smell foul, then this may be a sign of a vaginal infection. A doctor
should be consulted to confirm if there is an infection and the possible solutions that can be done.
Menstrual blood is just blood.
Menstrual blood is a mixture of different substances. Apart from blood, the discharge during
menstruation includes the shed-off lining of the endometrium, some secretions of the vagina, and
mucus. This is the reason why menstrual discharge is not just a liquid like blood is.
Menstruation makes a woman lose a lot of blood.
As was mentioned earlier, the discharge during menstruation is not just blood. Blood only makes up
a certain percentage of this discharge, and that loss is not usually significant enough to be a cause
for concern.
Menstrual blood comes from different organs.
Some people believe that the blood that exits the vagina comes from many different organs. The
truth is that mostly comes from the uterus and some of the blood vessels associated with the organ.
Bathing is harmful during the menstrual period.
This is false. There is no scientific basis for bathing or showering to be completely stopped when a
woman is on her period. Some studies suggest that taking a warm bath or shower may help relieve
menstrual cramps. Menstrual cramps occur when the uterus contracts to help release the
endometrial lining.
All women have similar characteristics of their menstrual cycle.
The full menstrual cycle usually takes 28 days, although this can vary from person to person. Some
women will have a cycle longer than 28 days, and other women can have it shorter than that.
All menstrual periods are painful.
Dysmenorrhea refers to the pain felt by women in the abdomen during menstruation and is caused
by the contraction of the uterus. This pain varies, as some women experience severe pain during
menstruation while others do not.

Nocturnal Emissions and Circumcision

Nocturnal Emissions
Nocturnal emissions happen when a male involuntarily releases semen while asleep. While asleep,
brain activities stimulate the process of ejaculation that involves the release of semen. Semen
contains sperm cells and other liquids that nourish the sperm.

Circumcision
The practice of circumcision involves removing the prepuce of the penis, which is also known as the
foreskin. Some studies show that circumcision may have health benefits, and may be able to prevent
infections and some types of diseases. Some of the diseases that can be prevented include urinary
tract infections (UTI), and some types of sexually transmitted diseases.

Myths and Misconceptions

Nocturnal emissions are unhealthy and can reduce sperm count.
Nocturnal emissions are involuntary ejaculations and a normal process that is associated with
puberty. When a body action is involuntary, it means that the action cannot be controlled. Nocturnal
emissions do not negatively impact a person’s health and do not reduce sperm count as many people
believe.
Nocturnal emissions are made up of urine.
Nocturnal emissions are primarily composed of semen, and urine is completely different from what
is released during a nocturnal emission. Nonetheless, proper hygiene must still be observed if a male
has had nocturnal emissions or nighttime urination.
Nocturnal emissions stop after puberty.
It does not stop after puberty as many adults can still experience nocturnal emissions. As mentioned
earlier though, the frequency of nocturnal emissions can vary from person to person. Some people
will completely stop experiencing nocturnal emissions after puberty, whereas some will not.
Nocturnal emissions are something to be ashamed about.
As was said earlier, nocturnal emissions are a normal part of puberty, and are involuntary. Many
people experience them and they are nothing to be ashamed about.
Being uncircumcised is something to be ashamed about.
There are some religions and cultures that frown upon or outright ban circumcision. Uncircumcised
males should not be ashamed about not being circumcised because of their beliefs.
Circumcision is always painful.
It is not necessarily painful. While circumcision can be a painful process to experience, the tolerance
for pain can vary from person to person. Surgical circumcision can also involve anesthetics, which
are drugs that dull sensations and can reduce the amount of pain felt by a person during the process.

Activity 1
Write true if the statement is accurate, and false otherwise.
1. All women have the same menstrual cycles.
2. Menstrual discharge is supposed to smell bad.
3. Vaginal microflora is always harmful.
4. Sometimes skipping a menstrual cycle is normal.
5. Menstrual blood comes from different organs.
6. Nocturnal emission happens to all men.
7. Circumcision is something to be embarrassed about.
8. Circumcision is practiced by all cultures.
9. Nocturnal emission frequencies may vary.
10. All nocturnal emissions stop after puberty.

Process Questions:
1. What is puberty?

2. How does puberty cause changes in a teenager?

3. What are common misconceptions that people have about the changes that happen?

FIRM-UP

Nutritional and Health Concerns

Oilier Skin and More Sweat

During puberty, a person’s sebaceous glands and sweat glands produce more oil and sweat,
respectively. If proper hygiene is not observed, then certain skin conditions can arise from these
changes.

Hair Growth
Certain parts of the body will see an increased amount of hair growth. Some of these parts include
the groin, legs, armpits, and arms for both males and females. Facial hair growth, as well as hair
growth in the chest and the back, are more common for men.
 Growth Spurts and Weight Gain
A fast increase in height, and sometimes increased weight, can happen during puberty. For normal
growth to occur, a proper diet must always be observed. Exercise is also recommended to
strengthen the body and prevent excessive weight gain which can potentially be unhealthy.

Dental Problems
Some adolescents also report problems with oral and dental health. Common issues include the
following:
● crooked teeth, which refer to overlapping or improper alignment of teeth;
● caries, or the decay of teeth;
● cavities, which are holes that appear in teeth; and,
● dental plaque, which is caused by bacteria forming films on teeth.

Menstruation, Menstrual Cramps, and Dysmenorrhea

A girl’s first menstruation, which is the release of blood during the menstrual cycle, begins during
puberty. It is perhaps one of the most significant changes that a girl can experience during
adolescence, and some lifestyle changes must be done to address menstruation.

Coping With the Changes During Puberty

There are many ways of coping with these changes healthily and adequately. These ways include
proper nutrition, exercise, and good hygiene.

Proper Nutrition
The body is undergoing rapid growth during puberty, so proper nutrition is needed even more. A
balanced diet refers to a diet that has all the necessary nutrients in the appropriate amounts, and
this kind of diet is needed during puberty.

Exercise and Rest

The proper intensity of regular exercise can be beneficial, especially during puberty. Puberty is when
the body starts to grow quickly, and this may sometimes be associated with weight gain. Exercise
can help in the development of muscles, and preventing excessive weight gain. Rest is also essential,
as it is during sleep when the body recovers and grows the most.

Good Hygiene
Proper hygiene of the body can help prevent body odor and skin conditions. Regular bathing, using
skin products to prevent skin conditions, and wearing clean clothes are good ways of doing this.

Process Questions:
1. How would you handle the effects of mental, emotional and social health concerns?

2. How will you develop/ nurture personal health?

DEEPEN
Early and Unwanted Pregnancy
Pregnancy
Pregnancy occurs when a woman is carrying a developing baby inside her body. There are many
responsibilities associated with pregnancy, childbirth, and raising a child. This means that a woman
should not only be physically mature but also emotionally and mentally mature enough before she
decides to have a child.

How Pregnancy Happens

Pregnancy happens when a man’s sperm cells are produced by the testes, and a woman’s egg cells
are produced by the ovaries meet and fuse. This fusion is a process known as fertilization. The sperm
and the egg have a possibility of meeting if a couple engages in sexual intercourse or coitus. Sexual
intercourse should only be performed by couples that are emotionally and mentally mature enough,
since this act may carry the possibility of making the female pregnant.

Early or Unwanted Pregnancy

Early pregnancy occurs if a female is either not ready or not mentally prepared for having children,
but pregnancy has occurred. The leading cause of early pregnancy is the engagement of people in
premarital sexual intercourse, which is performing sexual intercourse without being married first.
This is also the primary reason behind teenage pregnancy.

Unwanted pregnancies, on the other hand, are pregnancies that are unplanned. These are caused
either by failing to take into account natural or artificial methods of contraception when performing
sexual intercourse, which resulted in pregnancy.

How to Prevent Early and Unwanted Pregnancy

There are ways of preventing early and unwanted pregnancies. Some of these are the following:
Avoiding Premarital Sexual Intercourse
The best way to prevent early pregnancy is to avoid premarital sexual intercourse, even more so for
minors who are not of sufficient emotional or mental maturity.
Proper Education
Proper education on the menstrual cycle, how pregnancies can occur, and sex education are also
good ways of preventing early and unwanted pregnancies. Educating people about the risks involved
with sexual intercourse can increase awareness of the proper methods of stopping early and
unwanted pregnancies from occurring.
Family Planning
Family planning involves planning in advance the number of children that a couple wants to have,
and the age gaps between these children. Family planning can also help a family be more financially
prepared for having children.

Activity 2 Mini Task

On a long bond paper, draw a poster that shows ways on how to prevent health issues and concerns
during puberty. Be creative. Send your output through messenger. You will be graded based on the
rubric given.

Process Questions:
1. Why is it important to take care of yourself?

2. How will you prevent the health issues and concerns during puberty?

TRANSFER

Activity 3 Performance Task (Music and Health)

Compose a song with 2 stanzas about proper management to prevent health issues and concerns.
Use your own melody/ tune. Record a video singing your song and send it through messenger. . You
will be graded based on the rubric given.

Rubric (Activity 3)
Criteria Excellent (5)
Main Main idea is appropriate to the topic
Idea/purpose/content and are presented correctly;
Purpose of the poster is clearly
stated. Appropriate goals are
included.
Visual Appeal Overall organization, design, use of
color, use of space create an
appealing way to communicate the
topic; poster is visually pleasing
Good (4)
Main idea are appropriate;
purpose of the poster is stated
but not as obvious; content
doesn't necessarily match the
topic. some goals are included.
layout and design are presented
but do not visually communicate
the topic; somewhat plain
appearance
Acceptable (3)
main theme is not clear; purpose
of the poster is not obvious;
content doesn't necessarily
match the theme. No goals are
included.
ack of visual appeal; layout and
design make it difficult to follow
the topic.
 Creativity Extremely original and creative;
Illustrations, and drawings add
interest and purpose.
Neat and Presentable dynamic presentation that is clean
and well-thought out; the main idea
is eye-catching; excellent mechanics
creative and original; could use
more illustrations, photographs,
drawing
poster is presentable; some
errors in grammar, punctuation,
mechanics which draw attention
away from the main idea
lacking in originality; could use
more illustrations, drawings,
photographs
poster is presentable; several
errors in mechanics; not as
professional a presentation

Activity 3