Electrical Wiring Industrial Canadian 5th Edition Herman Solutions Manual

Electrical Wiring Industrial Canadian 5th Edition

Herman Solutions Manual

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 Electrical Wiring: Industrial, Fifth Canadian Edition

UNIT 6
USING WIRE TABLES AND DETERMINING
CONDUCTOR SIZES
(NOTE: SOME OF THE QUESTIONS IN THIS SECTION
REQUIRE THE 2015 CEC TO ANSWER.)
REVIEW

1. What is the temperature rating of a type NMWU conductor when used in a wet location?
The temperature rating of a type NMWU conductor, when used in a wet location, is 60°C.
(See CEC Table 19.)

2. List three types of cables that are approved for direct earth burial.
(Use CEC Table 19.)
The types of cables approved for direct burial are ACWU90, Teck 90, RWU75, NMWU,
RL90, RWU90, RA75, RA90, MI, LWMI, TWU, TWU75, ASLC, and TC. (See CEC Table
19.)

3. List three types of cables that are approved for wiring exposed to the weather use. (Use CEC Table 19.)
Cables that are approved for wiring exposed to weather are Teck 90, RW75, R90, RW90,
TW, TWU, TW75, TWU75, NS75, NS90, and NMWU. (See CEC Table 19.)

4. Three #6 AWG, type TW60 aluminum conductors are to be installed overhead between poles on
individual insulators. What will the conductor ampacity be?
The allowable ampacity of three #6 AWG, type TW60 aluminum conductors installed
between poles on individual insulators is 65 amperes. (See CEC Table 3.)

5. Motor feeders consisting of six 1/0 AWG, type RW90 aluminum conductors are to be installed in a rigid
metal conduit in an ambient temperature of 40°C. What will be the conductor ampacity? What will be the
circuit ampacity?
The ampacity of a 1/0 AWG, type RW90 aluminum is found to be 135 amperes (see CEC
Table 4). Correct for an ambient temperature of 40°C by applying the correction factors of
CEC Table 5A and for six conductors in a raceway use CEC Table 5C.
Applying Table 5C first for six conductors:
135 A × .80 = 108 amperes
Now determine the ampacity based on the ambient temperature:
Use the ampacity from the previous calculation and the ambient
temperature correction factor for a 90°C conductor from CEC Table 5A,
0.91.

108 A × 0.91 = 98.28 amperes

Therefore, the conductors and circuit have a rated ampacity of 98.28

amperes.

6. Explain what it means to install conductors in parallel, and state seven conditions that must be satisfied if
this is done.
When the load requirement is such that a large conductor, usually 500 kcmil or larger, is
required, then it may facilitate the installation by using two or more sets of conductors that, in

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 Electrical Wiring: Industrial, Fifth Canadian Edition

the aggregate, have an equal or greater ampacity. When conductors are installed in parallel
they must be identical in all aspects. They must meet the following requirements (See CEC
Rule 12-108):
a) must have similar conductivity
b) must be in sizes 1/0 and larger copper or aluminum
c) be free of splices
d) have the same circular mil area
e) have the same type of insulation
f) be the same length
g) terminated in the same manner

7. What is the size of the largest solid (not stranded) conductor approved for installation in raceways?
A 10 AWG is the largest solid conductor approved for installation in raceways. (See CEC
Rule 12-914.)

8. How is a #4 AWG grounded circuit conductor in a raceway identified?

A #4 AWG grounded circuit conductor installed in a raceway is identified by an insulation
colour of white or natural grey or by three continuous white stripes along the entire length of
the conductor. (See CEC Rule 4-030.)

9. What insulation colours are used for three-phase installations?

The insulation colours used for three-phase circuits are red, black, and blue. If a neutral
conductor is required, it shall be identified as white or natural grey. (See CEC Rule 4-
038[3].)

10. A single-phase, 86 A load is located 850 m from the 480 V electrical power source. What minimum
size aluminum conductors are required if the voltage drop cannot exceed 3%?
A single-phase, 86-ampere load is located 850 m from the 480-volt electrical power source.
Aluminum conductors are to be installed and the voltage drop cannot exceed 3%.
Maximum voltage drop 480 × 0.3 = 14.4 volts
Wire resistance 14.4 / 86 = 0.167 ohms
Effective conductor length 850m × 2 = 1700 m

Wire area From Table 6-4, the restivity of aluminum is 28.3 micro-
ohm millimetres or
28.3 × 10-9 ohm-metres
28.3 × 10-9 × 1700 / 0.167 = 2.8808 × 10-4 square metres.
To convert to square millimetres, multiply by 106
2.8808 x 10-4 × 106 = 288.08 mm2.
Use Table 6-5 to determine the required standard conductor
size.
Standard conductor size 600 kcmil

11. A three-phase, 600 V motor with a starting current of 235 A is located 550 m from the power source.
What copper conductor size is required to ensure that the voltage drop will not exceed 6% during starting?
The size of copper conductors that should be used to ensure that the voltage drop will not
exceed 6% during starting are 2/0.
Note: Use 0.866 to modify the length when three phases are present. Double the length of the
wire run, and then reduce it to 0.866 of the length. Some current goes through all three wires,
as it would in any parallel resistance scenario and the net effect reduces the overall resistance
to what it would be by this factor.

6-2 Copyright © 2016 by Nelson Education Ltd.

 Electrical Wiring: Industrial, Fifth Canadian Edition

Maximum voltage drop 600 × 0.06 = 36 volts

Wire resistance
Effective conductor length
Wire size
Standard conductor size
36 / 235 = 0.153 ohms
550 × 2 × 0.866 = 952.6 m
From Table 6-4, the restivity of copper is 10.4 micro-ohm
millimetres or
10.4 × 10-9 ohm-metres
10.4 × 10-9 × 952.6 / 0.153 = 6.475 × 10-5 square metres.
To convert to square millimetres, multiply by 106
6.475 × 10-5 × 106 = 64.75 mm2.
Use Table 6-5 to determine the required standard conductor
size.
2/0

12. What is the maximum noncontinuous load that can be connected to a #2 AWG, type RW90 aluminum
conductor in free air?
The maximum noncontinuous load that can be connected to a #2 AWG, type RW90
aluminum conductor in free air is 150 amperes. (See CEC Table 3.)

13. What is the maximum continuous load that can be connected to a #2 AWG, type RW90 aluminum
conductor in free air?
The maximum continuous load that can be connected to a #2 AWG, type RW90 conductor is
94.5 amperes.

Since the duty rating of the equipment installed is not known, it is assumed to be 80%
continuous duty rated. By applying CEC Rule 8-104(6) (b), the value stated in the previous
question must be decreased to 70%.

From CEC Table 3 (an aluminum conductor in free air), 150 amperes × .70 = 105 amperes. If
it is connected to a breaker it would be limited to the 75°C column and would therefore be
135 A * .70 = 94.5 A.

14. An installation has 110 A of continuous load and 40 A of noncontinuous load on a single-phase,
240/120 V feeder. What is the minimum RW90 copper conductor size if installed in raceway or cable?
The procedure is to find the minimum ampacity of conductor required for the continuous load
and then add to it the noncontinuous portion of the load.

Since the duty rating of the equipment is unknown, it must be assumed to be 80% continuous
duty rated.

Minimum conductor ampacity for the continuous load (CEC Rule 8-104[6])
110/0.80 = 137.5 amperes
Add the noncontinuous portion of the load
137.5 + 40 = 177.5 amperes

Use CEC Table 2 to determine a minimum conductor size = 3/0 RW75-XPLE, 2/0 RW90-
XLPE. Keep in mind that anything connected to a breaker will take its ampacity from the
75°C or 60°C column because of the temperature limitations imposed upon it by the breaker.
(See 4-006 App B.) There are at this time no breakers rated for 90° operation.

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Electrical Wiring Industrial Canadian 5th Edition Herman Solutions Manual

Electrical Wiring: Industrial, Fifth Canadian Edition

6-4 Copyright © 2016 by Nelson Education Ltd.

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