Professional Documents
Culture Documents
2-16
12 12
TCDi DFi
20 kW 0.6
12 20 0.6
Dg 125.2 kW
i1
i1
FD 1.15 1.15
2-17 (a)
100,000,000 kWh/yr
Annual Pavg = 11, 415,5 kW
8760 h/yr
or
100,000,000 kWh/yr
Monthly energy = 8,333,333.3 kWh
12 mos/yr
8, 333, 333.3 kWh
Avg. monthly demand = 11, 415.5 kW
730 h/mo
Ann. avg. load
FLD =
Peak monthly demand
Ann. avg. load 11,415.5 kW
(b) Max. monthly demand 19,026 kW
FLD 0.6
Note that, max means peak here.
2-18 (a)
P tan
i i
i 1 900 tan 31.79 1000 tan 25.84 2100 tan 18.2 + 2000 tan 25.84
Q
FD 1.25
2, 701.09
2,160.87 kvar
1.25
1/ 2 1/ 2
S= P 2 +Q 2 4800 2 2,160.87 2 5, 264 kVA which is also D g in kVA
4
(b) LD = D
i=1
i Dg 6000 4,800 1, 200 kW
(c) Since 4687 kVA 1.25 = 5,858.75 kVA > 5,264 kVA
choose 3750/4687 kVA transformer.
1 g 2 1 g 10 2 1.07177 g 7.177 % / yr
10
(d )
1.07177
n
Thus, 5, 264 9375 kVA 1.07177 n 1.7810
ln 1.7810
n 8.33 yrs that is about 8 years and 4 months.
ln1.07177
12 5 MW 24 12
0.55
24 50 MW 24
P t P T t kP kP T t
2 2
Avg. P Avg. P
loss loss L2 L1 2 1
(b) FLS
T PL2 T kP2
2
Max Ploss PL2
P1 T t 12 5 MW 24 12
2 2
t
0.5005
T P2 T 24 10 MW 24
Also note that, the numbers 0, 0.98. and 0.26 in column 2 above are from Table 2.3 on the book.
2-21
(a)
7000 kWh
For customer A: FLD = = 0.24
40 kW×730 h
7000 kWh
For customer B: FLD = = 0.24
40 kW×730 h
P 40 kW
(b) SA = A =42.1 kVA
cus 0.95
PB 40 kW
SB = =80 kVA
cus 0.50
(c)
For customer A:
0.85
Monthly biling demand = 40 kW × = 40 kW Still 40 kW!
0.95
Monthly demand charge = 40 kW × $15/kW = $600
Monthly energy charge:
First 1000 kWh = $0.12/kWh ×1000 kWh = $120
Next 3000 kWh = $0.10/kWh × 3000 kWh = $300
Excess kWh = $0.06/kWh × 3000 kWh = $240
(b)
(c)
2-23
TW 9,000×106 Wh
(a) F 0.3F 0.7F 2 where F 0.3425
LS LD LD LD
Pmax 3,000×10 W 8760
3