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Solutions - Advanced Problem Package | Chemistry

Gaseous State
1 2.(B) P.L = w air displaced – (weight of balloon + weight of gas)
1.(C) CO g   O 2 g   CO2 g  ; 4 22
2 3
x x/2
Wair displaced = v ×d    10   1.2  5028.6kg
3 7
N 2 g   O 2 g   2NO g   PVM   wRT 
PL  5028.6  100    PV  for He 
y y RT M
   
x  y  10 …(i) = 5028.6 – (100 + 1117.5) = 3811.1 kg
x 3
y7 …(ii) 3.(C) KE per mole = RT
2 2
Solving equation (i) and (ii) x  6 & y  4 3 RT 3  R
KE per molecule =  KT  K 
2 N 2  N
4.(D) K.E.  T in K. 9.(C) PV = nRT If V constant P  T  T1  T2  T3
5.(B) At critical point pressure applied is minimum 10.(C) PM = dRT,
and below this point gas can be liquified easily. PA d M P 3 MB
 A  B; A   4
6.(C) Vapour pressure is pressure corresponding to the PB M A d B PB 1.5 M B
liquifaction curve. 2
3
7.(B) At temperature above critical temperature gas 11.(C) E K  KTN
can’t be liquefied whatever pressure is applied. 2
8.(D) For liquifaction ‘a’ should be greater and ‘b’ E1 T1 N1 E k 150N
 ;  ; N2  N
should be smaller. E 2 T2 N 2 2E k 300N 2

12.(D) P g   Q g   R  g 
V 1
n He 
R  300
2 V
n He  p  .
R  400
2V V 600V  400V 200V 1V
np     
400R 300R 120000R 120000R 600R
2V 2V V 600V  600V 1200V
After heating moles   nT    
600R 600R 300R 180000R 180000R
 12V  R  600
P  4
 1800R  V
P1V1 Z nRT1
13.(D)  1 ; V2  4 14.(B) PM = dRT
P2 V2 Z2 nRT2
15.(C) N 2  3H 2  2NH3
t=0 11 12 –
t = eq 9 6 4
NH3 g   H 2 O l   NH 4OH  l 
3.58 L
Free volume for gases 20 – 3.58 = 16.42
Gaseous moles = n N 2  n H 2 at teq
PV  nRT  22.5atm

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16.(B) T1  T2
 x moles will move to B
PA V   n  x  RT1
PA V   n  x  RT2
n  T1  T2 
x
T1  T2
Finally P1  2V  2nRT1
nRT1
V substitute in above and calculate PA
P1
17.(ABC) V  T (constant n and P)
18.(ABD) As temperature increased number of collision increases, hence presence of gas molecules increases. The energy of
gas molecules also increases due to increase of T.
3PV 3RT
19.(BD) U  , U will be doubled when P or T is made 4 times at constant volume
M M
20.(ABC) Refer to theory
21.(BCD) With increase in T molecules with less speed will becomes less and with more speed will increase and with near
about mps will also increase.
 an 2  a
22.(BC)  P  2   V  nb   nRT, Tb 
 V   Rb

a 8a
Tb  and TC   Tb  Tc
Rb 27Rb
23.(AC) For negligible size, U m  b U av  N
24.(BC)   , Z1  22 Vav N* ;  N*  
a Z1  V
For negligible intermolecular forces, P 
Vm2 2 3n  2n f 5
25.(CD) n f  n f  f  nf
 a  3 3 3
 when Vm  b,  P  2   Vm   RT
 Vm  5
 n f  300  n f T
a 3
When Vm  b & P  2 , then (P)(Vm )  RT
Vm T = 500 K

26.(AD) At very law pressure, Vm  b

PVm
 1  Z 1 a
RT  z 1
a RTVm
When P  2 , then (P)(Vm  b)  RT
Vm a
At high pressures, P 
 PVm  Pb  RT 
PVm Pb
 1 Vm2
RT RT
Pb
Pb  z  1
 Z  1 RT
RT
27.(ABD) 15  1.24  Z  0.0821  250
PV = nRT
15V = 1 × 0.0821 × 250
V = 1.366
V = 1.368 – 0.12 = 1.24
28.(B) Refer to theory

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29.(AC) Equal no. of moles of both He & Ne shall exert equal pressure.
8RT
Average molecular speed, Cavg 
M
 Helium has higher Cavg than Neon
30.(CD) At constant V & n,
PT
P2 T2 P2 273 1
    P2  atm
P1 T1 1atm 546 2
 Vm real
31.(AD) Z  1
 Vm ideal
At STP, (Vm )ideal  22.4L
 (Vm ) real  22.4L
As Z > 1, the gas will become less liquefiable.
32.(ABC) At critical temperature, TC , densities of liquid and gas become same.
33.(AC) For H & He, Z is always greater than 1
For all other real gases,
Z < 1 at low pressure
34. [A-s]  [B-p]  [C-r]  [D-q]
PV
AT
nR
On moving along the line from i to f, P × V will increase or decrease depending upon the equation of straight line.
B At constant temperature, P  1 V C At constant volume, PT
D At constant pressure, VT
35. [A-p, q, r]  [B-s]  [C-s]  [D-s]
Molecular speed of gas molecules is dependent on temperature and molecular mass of molecules.
 At constant temperature, speed of gas molecules will not change Also, PM  d RT
 P 
If density S is lowered, pressure also decreases in same proportion hence speed remains constant  C  
 density 

36.(6) Volume of CH4; x mL

Volume of CO; y mL
Volume of Ne: z mL
Final reduction of volume when passed through alkaline pyrogallol indicates there was residual oxygen.
Pyrogallol in alkaline medium absorbs oxygen. Thus, O2 was not the limiting reagent.
CH 4  2O 2  CO 2  2H 2 O
x 2x x
CO  1 2 O 2  CO 2
y y/2 y
Reduction of volume when passed through KOH means:
x + y = 9 mL (must be CO2) …….(i)
Total volume initially used 40 + 10 = 50 mL
On cooling 36.5 mL means (H2O gets condensed)

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y
2x   50  36.5  13.5mL
 2
Oxygen consumed
Thus solving (i) and (ii) equations x = 6 mL, y = 3 mL
C x H y  O 2  CO 2  H 2 O
37.(3)
16 mol 48 mol 48 mol
Applying POAC for ‘C’
x  16  1  48
x=3
Applying POAC for ‘H’
y  16  2  48
y=6
So, the formula of hydrocarbon is C3H6.
P1V1 nT
38.(2)  1 1
P2 V2 n 2 T2
n1 P1V1T2

n 2 P2 V2 T1
n1 1.5 16.4  500 2
 
n2 4.1 5  300 1
39.(4) Volume of molecule in motion = 4×volume of molecule in rest
40.(7) Let m be the mass of SO3 and O2 enclosed in the vessel.
m
Number of moles of SO3 =
80
m
Number of moles of O2 =
32
m R T
Partial pressure of SO3, PA  
80 V
m RT
Partial pressure of O2, PA  
32 V
PA m 32 2
Now   
PB 80 m 5
Hence, the sum of the ratio of partial pressures of SO3 and O2 is 2 + 5 = 7
41.(4) Under identical conditions of T and P, volumes are in the ratio of their number of moles. Moles of
CH4 = 1.2/16.
Moles of hydrocarbon, Cn H 2n 2  8.1/ M
1.2 / 16 1L
  or M  54
8.1/ M 2L
Molecular mass of Cn H 2n 2  12n  2n  2  54
14n  56
n = 4.
42.(7) P1V1  n1RT, for the first bulb
P2 V2  n 2 RT, for the second bulb
or P1V1  P2 V2   n1  n 2  RT, ...(i)

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When stopcock is opened; the total volume is (V1 + V2) and total no. of moles is  n1  n2  . Suppose the
equilibrium pressure at each bulb is P atm. Then,
P  V1  V2    n1  n 2  RT …(ii)
From equations (i) and (ii) , we have,
P1V1  P2 V2  P  V1  V2 
or 9 × 5 + 6 × 10 = P ×15
P = 7 atm
43.(4) Given, T1  400K, T2  60K
Molecular weight of X, M1 = 40
Molecular weight of Y, M2 = ?
3RT1 2RT2
U rms x   , U mp y  
M1 M2
Given, v rms x   vmp y 

3R  400 2R  60
 
40 M2
120
30   M2  4
M2
44(5.26) CO  H 2 O 
 CO2  H 2
1 mol of CO will produce 1 mol H 2
 22.4 L of CO at STP will produce 22.4 L of H 2
 Water gas sample contains 50% H 2 , 45% CO and 5% CO 2
1 L of sample contains 0.45 L CO that will produce 0.45 L H 2 on reaction with steam.  0.5 L of H 2 already
present.
 1 L of sample will give 0.95 L H 2
1
 5 L of H 2 will be produced by   5  5.263L
0.95
45(8.25) r sample  0.98rO2

rsample M O2
  0.98   Msample  33.33g mol1
rO2 Msample
Sample contains O2 and O3
x O 2  MO 2  x O3  M O3  33.33
 (1  x O3 )32  x O2 48  33.33 Total 1 mole  0.33 mol
33.33  32
 x O3   0.0825
16
0.0825
 % O3   100  8.25%
1
46(1.64) 2X(g)  3Y(g) 
 Z(g)
Initial 3 3  500 K 15 L
Final 1 0 1 300 K 15 L

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After adding water, Z(g) will dissolve to from a solution and 1 mol of X is left in 15L flask at 300K.
PV  nRT

P 15 L  1mol  0.0821 L atm K 1 mol 1  300 K

P  1.642 atm

47(0.29) Density of mixture (CO  CO2 )  1.7 g L1 at STP.

PM  RT

1atm  M  1.76 gL1  0.0821 L atm K 1 mol 1  273 K

M  39.44 g mol1
x CO  28  (1  x CO ) 44  39.45
16x CO  4.55  x CO  0.285

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