 INSIGHT TO CLOUD

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Agenda

• The Cloud
• Characteristics
• Service models

INSIGHT TO CLOUD
• Deployment models
• Cloud Inspiration
• Classical computing Vs Cloud computing
• Evolution of Cloud
• Advantages of Cloud
• Constituents of Cloud
• Cloud layers

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Abbreviations/Acronyms

IaaS Infrastructure as a Service

PaaS Platform as a Service

SaaS Software as a Service

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VM Virtual Machine
VMM Virtual Machine Monitor

OS Operating System

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Cloud Computing

INSIGHT INTO CLOUD

The Computing encompasses
Cloud is the default - Computation
representation of internet. - Coordination logic
- Storage
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 Definition

Cloud computing is a model for

Enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network
access to a shared pool of configurable computing
resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications and

INSIGHT TO CLOUD
services)

Rapid provision and

release with minimal
management effort or
service provider
interaction.

Base Reference : National Institute of Standards and Technology, SP 800 – 145, 2011. 5
Cloud Model composed of

Five essential
characteristics
• On-demand
self-service Three service models
• Infrastructure as a

INSIGHT TO CLOUD
• Broad network
access Service
• Resource pooling Cloud • Platform as a Service
• Rapid elasticity Models • Software as a Service
• Multi-tenancy
• Measured service

Four deployment models

• Private cloud
• Public cloud
• Hybrid cloud
• Community cloud

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Essential characteristics 1 - On-demand self-service

Users can avail computing

capabilities as required

INSIGHT TO CLOUD
• Server – Compute,
Storage, Network
• Software platform
& Applications

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Essential characteristics 2 - Broad network access

• Services available over the network - Ubiquitous access

• Access through any network enabled devices including
Mobile phones, tablets, laptops, and workstations

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Essential characteristics 3 - Resource pooling
• Resources pooled to serve on multi-tenant model
Storage, processor, memory, network, software & applications
• Location independence

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• Location of services – transparent to users
• Harnessing underutilized capacity
Classical Server Cloud Model

Server allocated
Unutilized Capacity
to User3

Server allocated
to User2

Server allocated
Utilized Capacity
to User1
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 Essential characteristics 4 - Elasticity

Definition
Cloud service elasticity is the ability to increase or
decrease the amount of system capacity (for example,

INSIGHT TO CLOUD
CPU, storage, memory and input/output bandwidth) that
is available for a given cloud service on demand, in an
automated fashion.

Vertical Scaling

Horizontal Scaling

Reference : Gartner 10
Essential characteristics 5 - Multi-tenancy

Single instance serves heterogeneous user requirements

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Essential characteristics 6 - Measured service

• Pay per use

• Metering capability with abstraction

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commensurating to the type of service and its
consumption
• Resource usage monitored, controlled, reported,
providing transparency of the utilized service.

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Service Models – Infrastructure as a Service

• Provisioning processor, memory, storage, networks based

on requested configuration
• User is enabled to deploy and run software – OS and

INSIGHT TO CLOUD
applications

• User is spared from

managing or controlling
the cloud infrastructure
• User enjoys control over
OS, software and
applications

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Service Models – Platform as a Service

• Provisioning software platform to users based on

requested functionalities
• Services include programming languages, libraries,

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services, and tools supported by the provider.

• User is spared from managing

or controlling the underlying
infrastructure.
• User enjoys control over the
deployed applications and
configuration settings for the
application-hosting
environment.

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Service Models – Software as a Service

• Customized applications are provisioned

• Applications accessible from myriad client devices
• User is spared from managing or controlling the

INSIGHT TO CLOUD
underlying cloud resources OS, or even individual
application capabilities

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Deployment models - Private cloud

• Cloud provisioned for exclusive use by single organization

comprising multiple users
• Owned, managed, and operated by the organization, a

INSIGHT TO CLOUD
third party, or some combination of them, and it may
exist on or off premises.

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*All the logos / trademarks are owned by their respective owners.
Advantages of Private Cloud

Better Control
– Sole ownership of the resources.
– Gain complete command over service

INSIGHT TO CLOUD
integration, IT operations, policies, and user
behavior.
Data Security and Privacy
– By segmenting resources within the same
infrastructure, improved access and security
can be achieved.
Supports Legacy Systems
– Designed to work with legacy systems that are
unable to access the public cloud.
Customization
– Allows to tailor its solution to meet its specific needs.
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Disadvantages of Private Cloud

Restricted Scalability
– Scaled within the confines of internal
hosted resources.

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– Choice of underlying hardware has an
impact on scalability.

Higher Cost
– Investment will be higher than the public
cloud (software, hardware, and staffing
etc).

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Deployment models - Public cloud

• Cloud provisioned for open use by the general public.

• May be owned, managed, and operated by a business,
academic, or government organization, or some

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combination of them.
• Exists on the premises of the cloud provider.

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* All the logos / trademarks are owned by their respective owners.

Advantages of Public Cloud

• Minimal Investment
– Pay-per-use service, there is no substantial
upfront fee, making it excellent for

INSIGHT TO CLOUD
enterprises that require immediate access to
resources.
• Infrastructure Management is not required
– Using the public cloud does not necessitate
infrastructure management.
– The maintenance work is done by the
service provider (Not users).
• Dynamic Scalability
– To fulfill your company’s needs, on-demand
resources are accessible
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Disadvantages of Public Cloud

• Data Security and Privacy Concerns

– Does not provide complete protection against

INSIGHT TO CLOUD
cyber-attacks and may expose weaknesses.

• Issues with Reliability

– Susceptible to failure and outages.

• Limitation on Service/License

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Deployment models - Community cloud

Cloud provisioned for exclusive use by a specific community of

consumers from organizations that have shared / common
goals - Mission, security requirements, policy, and compliance

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considerations.

May be owned, managed, and operated by one or more of the

organizations in the community, a third party, or some
combination of them, and it may exist on or off premises.
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Advantages of Community Cloud

• Cost Effective
– Shared by multiple organizations or communities.

INSIGHT TO CLOUD
• Security

• Shared resources
– Allows to share resources, infrastructure, etc.
with multiple organizations.

• Collaboration and data sharing

– It is suitable for both collaboration and data
sharing.
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Deployment models - Hybrid cloud

Composition of two or more distinct cloud infrastructures

(private, community, or public)

INSIGHT TO CLOUD
Private Cloud Public Cloud

Remain unique entities, but are bound together by

standardized or proprietary technology that enables data and
application portability

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Advantages of Hybrid Cloud

Flexibility and control

– Can design personalized solutions that meet their
particular needs.

INSIGHT TO CLOUD
Cost
– Paying for the extra capacity if you require it.

Security
– Because data is properly separated, the chances
of data theft are considerably reduced.

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Disadvantages of Hybrid Cloud

Maintenance
– May necessitate additional maintenance,

INSIGHT TO CLOUD
resulting in a greater operational expense

Difficult Integration
– Data and application integration may be
difficult
– Combining two or more infrastructures
will offset a significant upfront cost.

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Deployment models

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Inspiration for Cloud

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Power Grid – Power
distribution Cloud service delivery

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Classical Computing Vs Cloud computing

CLASSICAL CLOUD

Resources are manually Resources are

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provisioned automatically provisioned

Dedicated hardware allocated Shared hardware allocated to

to work load work load

Fixed / Static capacity Elastic / Dynamic capacity

Pay for entire capacity as Pay for use as operational

capital & operational expenses
expenses
Classical Computing Vs Cloud computing
SUPPORT
APPLICATION & DATA (DATABASE) O&M
SERVICES

MANPOWER SOFTWARE PLATFORM MANAGEMENT

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POWER
SERVERS & STORAGE BACKUP, DR
COOLING

CIVIL
NETWORK (INTERNAL & EXTERNAL) SECURITY
STRUCTURE

SUPPORT
APPLICATION & DATA (DATABASE) O&M
SERVICES

MANPOWER SOFTWARE PLATFORM MANAGEMENT

POWER
SERVERS & STORAGE BACKUP, DR
COOLING

CIVIL
NETWORK (INTERNAL & EXTERNAL) SECURITY
STRUCTURE
Classical Computing Vs Cloud computing

APP DB APP DB APP DB

INSIGHT TO CLOUD
Conventional computing
Classical Computing Vs Cloud Computing

App Data App Data App Data

Cloud

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Cloud computing
Classical Computing Vs Cloud Computing

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Evolution of Cloud

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Advantages of Cloud

• Minimizes Capital Expenditure (CapEx) on IT infrastructure

– Cost reduction

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• On demand & Responsive delivery of services
– Quick roll out of services

• Optimization of resources

• Automated management
– Increased collaboration
• Improved performance and scalability

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 INSIGHT TO CLOUD
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Cloud Layers
Cloud Layers - Hardware

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• Provides Compute, Storage
and Network to create
Cloud services

• Typically hardware layer

refers to Data centre

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Cloud Layers - Virtualization

INSIGHT TO CLOUD
• Process of creating a virtual version of underlying hardware /
software as an isolated service using a specialized software
named Hypervisor
• Backbone of Cloud
• Cloud services are provisioned based on resource virtualization
• Processor, Memory, Storage and Network components are
virtualized (split up and isolated) to create Virtual Machines
and delivered as IaaS
• Application and Database are virtualized to deliver SaaS
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Cloud Terminologies

INSIGHT INTO CLOUD

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Cloud Layers - Middleware

• Brain of Cloud

INSIGHT TO CLOUD
• Provide scheduling,
orchestration,
management of cloud
• Controls underlying
hardware and network
resources

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Cloud Layers - Service

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• Responsible for service
delivery
• User interaction and
control

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Cloud Layers - Security

• Secures resources, services

and workloads

INSIGHT TO CLOUD
• Includes
– server,
– storage
– network,
– operating system,
– hypervisor,
– middleware,
– application,
– database,
– data security
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Cloud Layers - Management

• Operation and
maintenance of

INSIGHT TO CLOUD
resources and services
• Includes
– monitoring,
– metering,
– compliance to service
level agreements,
– backup,
– replication and
recovery process,
– user profile
management
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Cloud Solutions

INSIGHT TO CLOUD
* All the logos / trademarks are owned by their respective owners.
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 Terminology
• Albeit the two terms, viz. namely scalability and elasticity appear to be
synonymous, the following technical reasoning delineates them.
– Elasticity :
• The ability of the cloud ecosystem to automatically (as per

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rules established within the cloud management tools) increase
the service capacity warranted by the instantaneous load to
the application
– Scalability
• Increase in the underlying capacity of Cloud by augmentation
of additional Servers and storage without disruption of the
existing Cloud services
• Tenancy
– A multi-tenant cloud is a cloud computing architecture that allows
customers to share computing resources in a public or private cloud.
– Each tenant's data is isolated and remains invisible to other tenants.
(Reference :
https://www.techtarget.com/searchcloudcomputing/definition/multi-te
nant-cloud ) 45
Terminology
• Cloud Service Broker
– Cloud services brokerage (CSB) is an IT role and business model in
which a company or other entity adds value to one or more (public
or private) cloud services on behalf of one or more consumers of

INSIGHT TO CLOUD
that service via three primary roles including aggregation,
integration and customization brokerage
(Reference :
https://www.gartner.com/en/information-technology/glossary/cl
oud-services-brokerage-csb )
• Orchestration
– Cloud Orchestration is the process of automating the tasks needed
to manage connections and operations of workloads on private
and public clouds. Cloud orchestration technologies integrate
automated tasks and processes into a workflow to perform
specific business functions.
(Reference :
https://www.vmware.com/topics/glossary/content/cloud-orchest
ration.html ) 46
THANKS

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