Cloud

Computing

Hafiz Muneeb Ahmad

 CLOUD COMPUTING

Common Location-independent On-line Utility

provisioned On-Demand Computing

Distributed and Cloud Computing

What is Cloud ?
• The term Cloud refers to a Network or Internet. In other
words, we can say that Cloud is something, which is present
at remote location.
• Cloud can provide services over network, i.e., on public
networks or on private networks, i.e., WAN, LAN or VPN.
• Applications such as e-mail, web conferencing, customer
relationship management (CRM),all run in cloud.

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Why go Cloud?

• Dynamically Scalable

• Device independent

• Instant work

• Cost-efficient
• Task-Centrism
• Private Server Cost
What is Cloud Computing ?
• Transforming a worldwide network of computers into the
largest single virtual computer.
• Pool of resources available across the internet.
• Cloud Computing refers to manipulating, configuring, and
accessing the applications online. It offers online data
storage, infrastructure and application.

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Classical Computing Cloud Computing
• Subscribe
• Buy & Own • Use
• Hardware, System • Pay for what you use,
Software, Applications
often to meet peak
needs. based on QoS
• Install, Configure, Test,
Verify, Evaluate
• Manage
• Finally, use it

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Evolution of Cloud Computing

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History of Cloud Computing

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 High performance computing

• A branch of computer science that concentrates

on developing supercomputers and software to
run on supercomputers.

• A main area of this discipline is developing

parallel processing algorithms and software:
programs that can be divided into little pieces so
that each piece can be executed simultaneously
by separate processors.

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 HPC Vs CLOUD
• HPC requires specialized software and hardware
development and support to build and manage a
supercomputer.

• Cloud computing is an operational model for enabling

convenient, on-demand network access to a shared
pool of configurable computing resources that can be
rapidly provisioned and released with minimal
management effort or service provider interaction.

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Cloud Computing Structure Overview

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 Benefits of Cloud Computing
Cloud Computing has numerous advantages. Some of them are listed below:

•One can access applications as utilities, over the Internet.

• Manipulate and configure the application online at any

time.

• It does not require to install a specific piece of software to

access or manipulate cloud application.

• Cloud Computing offers online development and

deployment tools, programming runtime environment
through Platform as a Service model.
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Benefits of Cloud Computing
• Cloud resources are available over the network in a
manner that provides platform independent access to any
type of clients.
• Cloud Computing offers on-demand self-service. The
resources can be used without interaction with cloud
service provider.
• Cloud Computing is highly cost effective.
• It just requires an Internet connection.
• On demand computing ,No waiting period
• Location of resource is irrelevant
• Cloud Computing offers load balancing that makes it more
reliable.

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Benefits of Cloud Computing

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 Characteristics of Cloud Computing
There are four key characteristics of cloud computing.

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 Characteristics of Cloud Computing
There are four key characteristics of cloud computing.

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 DEPLOYMENT MODELS
• Deployment models define the type of access to the cloud, how
the cloud is located?
• Cloud can have any of the four types of access: Public, Private,
Hybrid and Community.

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 DEPLOYMENT MODELS
1. PUBLIC CLOUD

• The Public Cloud allows systems and services to be

easily accessible to the general public. Public cloud
may be less secure because of its openness, e.g., e-
mail.

• The public cloud infrastructure is available for public

use alternatively for a large industry group and is
owned by an organization selling cloud services.

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DEPLOYMENT MODELS

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 DEPLOYMENT MODELS
2. PRIVATE CLOUD

•The Private Cloud allows systems and services to be

accessible within an organization. It offers increased
security because of its private nature.

•The cloud may be managed by that organization or a

third party. Private clouds may be either on- or off-
premises

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DEPLOYMENT MODELS

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 DEPLOYMENT MODELS
3. HYBRID CLOUD

•The Hybrid Cloud is mixture of public and private cloud.

However, the critical activities are performed using
private cloud while the non-critical activities are
performed using public cloud.

•A hybrid cloud may offer standardized or proprietary

access to data and applications, as well as application
portability.

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DEPLOYMENT MODELS

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 DEPLOYMENT MODELS
3. COMMUNITY CLOUD

•The Community Cloud allows systems and services to be accessible

by group of organizations. A community cloud is one where the
cloud has been organized to serve a common function or purpose.
•It may be for one organization or for several organizations, but
they share common concerns such as their mission, policies,
security, regulatory compliance needs, and so on.
• A community cloud may be managed by the constituent
organization(s) or by a third party.

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DEPLOYMENT MODELS

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COMPARISON DEPLOYMENT MODELS

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 SERVICE MODELS
Service Models are the reference models on which the Cloud
Computing is based. These can be categorized into three basic
service models as listed below:

1.Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

2.Platform as a Service (PaaS)
3.Software as a Service (SaaS)

There are many other service models all of which can take the
form like AaaS, i.e., Anything as a Service. This can be Network
as a Service, Business as a Service, Identity as a Service,
Communication as a service, Database as a Service or Strategy
as a Service.
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 SERVICE MODELS

1.Infrastructure As A Service (IAAS)

•IaaS provides virtual machines, virtual storage, virtual infrastructure, and

other hardware assets as resources that clients can provision.

•The IaaS service provider manages all the infrastructure, while the client is
responsible for all other aspects of the deployment. This can include the
operating system, applications, and user interactions with the system.
Services:
•Compute Servers
•Data Storage
•Firewall
•Load Balancer
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Distinguishable features of IaaS

• Geographical Presence
• Responsiveness
• Availability

• User Interfaces and Access to Servers

• Providing means of accessing their Cloud
• Gui
• CLI
• Web Services
Distinguishable features of IaaS (Cont.)
• Service-Level Agreement
• As with all services, parties much sign an agreement
• Metrics
• Uptime, Performance measures
• Penalties
• Amazon
• Hypervisor and Operating System Choice
• VMWare, vCloud, Citrix Cloud Center

Examples of IaaS service providers include:

• Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2)
• Terremark, GoGrid
• FlexiScale , Linode
• RackSpace Cloud
 SERVICE MODELS
2. Platform As A Service (PAAS)

• PaaS provides the runtime environment for applications, development &

deployment tools, etc.
• Its also provides virtual machines, operating systems, applications,
services, development frameworks, transactions, and control structures.
• The client can deploy its applications on the cloud infrastructure or use
applications that were programmed using languages and tools that are
supported by the PaaS service provider.
• The service provider manages the cloud infrastructure, the operating
systems, and the enabling software.
• The client is responsible for installing and managing the application that it
is deploying

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Platform as a Service (PaaS)

• Provides all infrastructure needed for a consumer to run applications

over the internet.
• PaaS is a Cloud Computing service that offers a computing platform
and solution stack for users.
• Language
• OS
• Database
• Middleware
• Other applications
Features to look for

• Programming Languages
• Python
• Java
• .Net Languages
• Ruby
• Programming Frameworks
• Ruby on Rails
• Spring
• Java EE
• .Net
Platform as a Service (cont.)

• Examples:
• Google Apps Engine
• Windows Azure Platform
• Force.com
• Pros:
• Rapid Deployment
• Low Cost
• Private or Public Deployment
• Cons:
• Not much freedom
• Choices of tools are limited
• Vendor Lock-in
 SERVICE MODELS
3. Software As A Service (SAAS)

•SaaS is a complete operating environment with applications,

management, and the user interface.

Provides off-the-shelf applications offered over the internet

Examples:
Google Docs
Aviary
Pixlr
Microsoft Office Web App

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Software as a Service cont.

• Flexibility vs Power tradeoff

• Pros
• Accessible from any computer or devices

• Software available facilitates collaborative working.

• Cons
• Off shelf products non-flexible

• Cannot provide add-ons or customize them

SERVICE MODELS

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Public, Private and Hybrid clouds

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 Essential Characteristics

• ON DEMAND SELF-SERVICE
Cloud Computing allows the users to use web services and resources on
demand. One can logon to a website at any time and use them.

• BROAD NETWORK ACCESS

Since Cloud Computing is completely web based, it can be accessed from
anywhere and at any time.

• RESOURCE POOLING
Cloud Computing allows multiple tenants to share a pool of resources. One
can share single physical instance of hardware, database and basic
infrastructure.

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 Essential Characteristics

• RAPID ELASTICITY
It is very easy to scale up or down the resources at any time. Resources used
by the customers or currently assigned to customers are automatically
monitored and resources.

• MEASURED SERVICES
Service Models & Deployment Models are described in above section.

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 Risks In Cloud Computing

• SECURITY & PRIVACY

It is the biggest concern about cloud computing. Since data
management and infrastructure management in cloud is
provided by third-party, it is always a risk to handover the
sensitive information to such providers.
Although the cloud computing vendors ensure more secure
password protected accounts, any sign of security breach
would result in loss of clients and businesses.
• LOCK-IN
It is very difficult for the customers to switch from one Cloud
Service Provider (CSP) to another. It results in dependency
on a particular CSP for service.

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 Risks In Cloud Computing

• MANAGEMENT INTERFACE COMPROMISE

In case of public cloud provider, the customer management
interfaces are accessible through the Internet.

• INSECURE OR INCOMPLETE DATA DELETION

It is possible that the data requested for deletion may not get
deleted. It happens either because extra copies of data are
stored but are not available or disk destroyed also stores
data from other tenants.

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Security Challenges

• Infrastructure security
- Network level
- Host level
- Application level
• Data security
- Provide security to end users’ data.
• Identity and access management
- Authentication
- Authorization
- Auditing

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 Cloud Applications

•Scientific/Tech Applications
•Business Applications
•Consumer/Social Applications

Science and Technical Applications

Business Applications Consumer/Social Applications

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