Towa Teail bo study some of the acters wwolved th the sitwag, of MEDIzvAL YORK ond . some of the functions of the city Frepaced by Mus ti. Arradtd oud tre A Calfvd mw behalf & York Gro raphical Association , and produced at York and Dastrick Curricula Sevelopmennt” Cente.This ty, rad. With a’ a has been planned to avoid traffic hazards as much as possible, Conditions tne 8° by parties of school-children, Under certain bad weather Winter dayg. ° oo" Walls are not open to pedestrians ~ especially on icy Walk may $2" ynitter heavy rainfall, the river Ouse floods, and the riverside involve, = under water. Children’ need warning beforehand of the dangers have "lay-pytgrsing along the walls and besides the river Ouse. The walle question 28" St intervals. Use should be made of these to fi11 in apes lonnairos or point out features of interest. The children cannot hear = out in'a line along the walls. The major traffic hazard is ing the Ouse Bridge, and great caution is urged here. The trail can be started from the Skeldergate Bridge Coach Park (beginning at ends re on Parties arriving by rail, at position 10. If the tour begins and Seo sgtt Position 1, then a suitable’place to picnic is on the Ouse banks at $k; George's Field, handy to visit Clifford's Tower or the Castle Museum. If he tour ends at position 9, Lendal Bridge, cross over the Ouse to picnic in fhe Museun Gardens, which is well-placed to visit the Minster or Yorkshire Museum afterwards, ratio of one adult. to ten children is suggested; and small groups are far easier to look after than huge parties. 1, Start at the Coach Pork near Skeldergate Bridge. Walk south along New Walk. This was planted with trees in the 18th century as a parade-ground for the wealthy of the county to walk ami mect their friends, whilst staying in their York town houses for the "season". This area is part of the R. Ouse flood-plain. z What does the factory on the left make? « Continue uhtil you reach the confluence, the point where two rivers join. The wide river is the The narrow river is the Sometimes the waters are different colours, when one is carrying more mud. Way does the iron bridge "Blue Bridge": 1ift? Tnese rivers formed a natural defence for the Roman fortress, Fboracum, founded in the angle between the two rivers in A.D. 71. 3. Return along New Walk to Skeldergate Bridge. Look at the Warehouses along the R. Ouse to see if there are any barges delivering cargoes Jist any other types of boats Look at the wooden structures on the bridge to protect the piers from damage by shipping. Walk underneath Skeldergate Bridge, Pause to look at the twin castle mounds built by the Normans in 1068 and 1069, Do you know the nano of these artificial mounds? -__ + On the left is Baile Hill, and the right Clifford's Tower, where the medieval stone castle has survived. The castles could defend York from any invasion by river, Continued. . 1 MOH BAL DNiaterey >10. -2- er. (Do not cross Walk diagonally across the garden towards Clifford's bee Pane the road). On the stone wall there is a plaque recor’ ation Write the data of the highest flood —_--_——_.. How high did the water rise in 1947 Follow the stone wall back to the river. ‘This belonged to @ very large medieval building. Follow the wall along the Ouse bank until it endo. h Find the nano South Esplanade and go further along to find the name whicl Sells who built the wall in the Middle Ages Took for evidence that York is a port Record the Viking name Modern name ena Ouse Bridge was built 1810-20 on the site of the Medieval bridge, and Bax Pe at an ancient (pre-Roman) fording place. look for the scale showing how the rise in water jevel is measured on the bridge pier. * Climb the steps, cross Ouse Bridge to the other side of the road, and the other side of the river, (*fraffie hazard here). Zama along the riverside walk beside Boyes’ Store and continue past the hotel. What group of invaders are remembered in the name of the Hotel? Toe aS a" Rowntree Gardens, North Street, turn round and 2ook at the Medieval Church and ola houses. ‘Then look across the river, Name a works + The old building is the Guildhall. —__ Beneath it runs Common Hall Lane, shown b; y the iron gate, on the line of the Roman road into the Roman fortress. The Romans built the first bridge seross the R. Ouse at this place. What sort of boats are anchored at Lendal Bridge? oOooO he tall building on the lett was the original factory of Joseph Rowntree, Continue along North Street and under Lendal Bridge, Look across the river to the Museum Gardens opposite. Notice how the land rises, providing a dry site, well above flood level for the Ronan fortress, This is part of the hills (moraine) left by an Ice Sheet when the ice meltea, Took for the corner-tower of the Roman fortress, called the Maltangular Tower, Go up the steps, onto the Bar Walls and tum Sout-westwards, away from the River Ouse. At the highest point find @ good lay-by, Examine the Bar Walls. Notice the earth embankments with stone walls on top, Much of the stonework 1s 19th Century repair, when the present system of footpaths Was developed, What colour 4s the stone? _____. Tt 4¢ 1imestone and came trom Tadcaster, Continuea,are ® Railway Sector, Look for the gaps in the Bar Walls ‘way lines come into York's first railway station. Cok for the "New" Station of 1877. What was built near it, eds of travellers? —— inside the walls where the old railway tracks once ran? Look out Over York? Bade to let the rat Outside the wale 1, to cater for the no What has beon built —_ 11, Continue to Micklegate Bar The gateway or Bar was used both for defence for collecting market tolls, look for the porteullis slot. Took along Micklegate and see how the stroet curves down to the river crossing at Ouse Bridge, Look out along Blossom Street, which rises gently into the distance as it Tans along the top of the York moraine, the ridge of material left when the glacier melted. This provided a dry route into York when the Surrounding lower ground was marchy, Both streets have a lot of inns for travellers. Look for one with a wide, arched doorway through which horses would be driven to the yard behind. What other uses do you see for Mic legate buildings? 12. Continue walking south eastwards along the walls. What buildings are just inside the city walls? What use is being made of the former moat outside the city walls? To the left is the oldest church tower in York (St. Mary Bishophill Junior. Style Anglo-Saxon, Date 11th century, it re-uses much Roman stone). Look for the 19th century gateway in the walls called Victoria Bar. Suggest a reason for its name _ There was possibly a small gate there in the Middle Ages too. 13, At the corner stop and look over the walls for Terry's old factory. Walk past the man made mound of Baile Hill and down the stops. Stop here and look for a river front warehouse. Stop here and look for for a river front warehouse. When was it built? + Look for a a factory across the road to your right. What does it make? ———— (In fact it is now a depot) 14. Gross Skeldergate Bridge. Find a plaque and write down the year the bridge was built + Wotice the gaps in the bridge. Until a short while ago it could be lifted. Suggest why woe . Find a second plaque recording when the bridge wae freed from tolls. Go down the steps into the garden. The Trail finishes hero. wv1/coIndex Schedule for the Ad SCHEDULE FOR ASSESSING ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY Isblet enent of Environmental Quelity Exenent enolty Appearence Points Non-confoxming uses A. Exclusively residentiol uses fully separated from (within or neazby) other use zones ; 0 eg industry B Limited infiltration, or lonal preference of, Circle A,B,C or D non-conforming UBeo _ 1 Sone eubstentiel infiltration of,’or locel dosinence by, non-coaforming u 37 D ‘Exgeceive infiltration of, or local dominance by, non-confarming uses 89 candaceping/ A Metu-e, good quelity trees;, .constructively lected isuel quality sintnetreictan eed rosea rent oF nauf ficient poor rees/defectively located, ele ‘and/or unkenpt gr J mr 28 € Totel, or almest tote2, lack of trees/gres et dotes, The incidence and viauel quality of garcens ie considered 5 Townscape/Visuel A Hermonious, attractive arrangenent px thar! quelity Shements (within end aeen fron, the atudy zone) 0 Circle A,B or C B Some diecardence or #rebnese within the ‘hard! elenents 1-3 c discordence of dzabness within the ‘hard! as Apposrence of | A, Predominance of tidy/well acreoned gardens ond/or gerdens/yerde yerde within the etudy zone 9 Circle AyB oF C B Sone intrusion of unkempt/poorly ecrsened gardens ° end/or yerds " ‘ ¢ predominance of unkenpt/pooxly scresned gezdene anc/or yerde 2 iece: t ceenus vo Primary A, Primary echood Eth minute’ welking ‘distence ee {00 yards) end involving. no-nein road croseing(®) ° thecle nyB,C.DeE —-B Pramery ‘school within 5 minutes walking distance Cae but involving main road’ croseing(s).°-°* 1 ° cc peinery achool 5-10 minutes walking distance but invalving no main road croseing(s) 2 p ‘primary school 5-10 minutes, welkij distance but Grvsiving mein roed croesing(a) Cong £ Peimary school more than 10-ndnutoe walking» etetence (1200 yarde) but Snvolving.no mein roed croseing(s): Sai 5 F ‘Prinery school more than 10 miriutéd ‘walking ciatence but involving main: road crossing 1 eee continuedAccase to other facilities (ehees, pur, doctae) Circle 4,B,C,0 Gor w Access to public ‘tronepartation Circle A,B or C Traffic Circle A,B,C or D Notee Cizele A,B,C ex D kar mo o8 » > > me » ne neo e snow > a a c . oF ce eg ete Shope, public howe end doctor ei} ottnin 4 minutes walking distence (600 yorde ‘Shops and doctor ‘within 5 minutes walking an Shope end putlic house witain § minutes welxing distence tance ‘Shope only within $ minutes walking dis Public howe end doctor within 5 minutes walking dtetence Decter only within § einutes walking distence Public house only within 5 einutes walking distance Mo facilities within 5 minutes walking distance Playground within 2 minutes walking distence and involving no eain seed erossing(e) Playground within 2 minutes walking distence but involving main read crossing (#) Pleyground 2-4 atnutes walking distance but involving ne wiin reed creteing(s) Playground 2-4 minutes walking éietence but Anvelving sain road crossing(s) No playground within 4 minutos walking distance Perk/P 0 S within 5 minutes walking distance Fd Spvolving no sein rose exossing(#) Pork/P O'S within 5 einutes walking distance but involving main rood crossing(s) Park/P O'S $-10 minutes valking distance but involving no main roxd erdssing(s) Park/P OS $-10 elrute. walking distence but Anvelving main rosé crossing(e} No Pazk/P 0S wishin 10 minuies walking distence Public transport route within 3 minutes walking dintence Publs: traneport route 3.5 minutes walking distance No public trongpsrt route within 5 minutes walking distence Amenity Full separation of pedestrian ond pores residential treffic Very linited intrusion of through traffic/ne Antrestone ef texffic ef unmuitable chasecter Sons eubstentiol intrusion af through teers ureuitable cherseter BTC} Excessive Sntrveion of thre, wneuitebla chersctez a traffic or traffic of Acceptable meeidectisl stendact, 19 narmal speach poveit: Slightly tive sceept~ble residensic) andard, fm iieited epeech interference “ Above sccepteble residential standard, epeech diffievlt ot sone tines 30 perend ‘Excessively sdove seceptadle rei ‘te nares) speach alneye ditvieche erat onder aerty som tiaas prohinited soe Cont inved Poneity aan we 20 ven no mn 12 MTPunalty Cesege tion meant cle A,B or ¢ A. Nugligdble (or non-uxistent) o-t | B Light as ! 7 C Heavy ‘8 icreelimete Circle A,B or ¢ A No discomfort from microclimate foctore o B Sonu disconfort fron microclinoty foctorss jeventeh minor Amprovenonts, ug trevplontingy could elieviote 402 Cc Enceasive disconfort fren microclinaty foctors a4 Provision Goragin Boreging/Parking A Putt provision of garaging/porking Tocdts tet 0 Circle A,B,C. B TS#-38% previeion of goraging/perking facilitivs, pEsCaD (Orie ie dnited on-street parking 1 c SOK-Té% provieion of gaznging/parking focilitivs, dv song on-street parking 2 > gtSom Croviston of gazaging/pasking facilitivey fe substantiol on-etruet porking 4 £ Df24h provieion oF goraging/porking focilitica, de excopsive on-stree? porking 6 Surden provision Fuld provision of adequate gardens oF comunel/ Circle A,B or C [neléntal open space: ei zequirenents satisfied 0 Beeseetciunt provieion of aduquntw or inedoquote gardens, or inadequate position of conmunal/ Gneidentel open sp3ce 1-2 arate Lack of goréene or communal/ineidentos ‘open space a4 Provisions of A. Full provision of a11 neighbourhood omanitiee o neighbourheod 3 [hourfielent provision of neighbourhood ‘amenities, amenitios ie some menities absent 1-2 Circle A,B oF C c eeht" or almost total lock of 022 nodghbourhood aneritive 3 aholters 1 Amenitive include stredt Lightings teiuphone kiosks, post-boxus and bus After Duncor (1971) wyt/cl 30 May 1980