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STUDY GUIDE FOR MODULE NO. 3

Artists and Artisans

MODULE OVERVIEW

This module concentrates on the most important element in art making – the artist or the artisan.
Likewise, different techniques will also be considered as well as on the process of creating the
masterpiece.

Subsequent to the history of human kind, artist have progressed significantly from the advancement
of human development down to the modern and contemporary world. Pre-historically, stone age has
displayed magnificent cave paintings showcasing different scenes – hunting, ceremonies and figures
representing the artist’s mastery and skill in his craft. This lesson will honor all the artists and artisans
who have dedicated entire lives for the advancement and development of art throughout the history.

MODULE LEARNING OBJECTIVES

At the end of this Module, you should be able to

1. Define an artist’s or artisan’s medium and technique

2. Define the role of managers curators, buyers, collectors, art dealers in art world.

3. Differentiate between artists’ and artisan’s approach /technique towards a particular medium

4. Understand that the artisan’s work is an end in itself and the artist’s work is a means to an end.

5. Identify national and GAMABA artists’ notable works and their contribution to society

LEARNING CONTENTS (title of the subsection)

In the beginning of art creation, Artists and artisans are driven by their aesthetic sensation and interest
towards an idea. The stages in the artistic process mirrors the remarkable works from the various craftsmen
and who were given the most acknowledgment from the country.

1. Artist and Artisan

Artist
The word “artist” is commonly defined as a creative art practitioner – painter, sculptor,
choreographer, dancer, writer, poet, musicians, and the like, who makes or performs indirectly
functional art with aesthetic value using their creative imagination. Hence, artists give us art as their
avenue for inciting our thoughts and feelings that are important in discovering our creative being.
The artists express themselves into many forms of arts using mediums or materials for the
fine arts to have more aesthetic appeal. Likewise, they perceive themselves as creative persons and
built up their mastery either through expert people or professional programs or through self-study on
account of their enthusiasm to a specific type of art.
The artist is somebody who is dedicated to innovative and creative part, making visually
pleasant and wonderful work just for the delight and valuation for the viewer but with no or less
practical value.

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Artisan
Also known as crafter or craftsman. A craftsman is a skilled worker, for example, woodworker,
carver, handyman, smithy, weaver, and such, who produces, directly useful as well as decorative crafts.
Craftsmans help in meeting our essential needs, for example, food, garments, staying, furniture, and kitchen
utensils; they create all that makes our life simple. The craftsman's works are valuable, significant, and basic
on our regular daily existence. They serve us for a very long time, providing us legitimately useful arts.

Craftsman’s abilities were created through the influence of their family or in their community too.
Craftsmen see themselves as business people on the grounds that their items are engaged with the business
market or toward the start, in the enterprise world. The artisans, are essentially a physical worker who make
objects with their hands, and who through expertise, experience, and capacity, they can deliver things of
extraordinary excellence, as well as its practical function to man.

People Involved in Art Market

Artist and artisan cannot rely on themselves alone if it will involve purchasing and or promotion of their
creative works or products. Art world need professionals who have expertise in their fields like curators,
managers and the like. Thus, there is a need for a deep cooperation within these people for the continuous
cycle of art production. The art market is a financial economic system that depends not only on artworks
supply and demand but as well as on creation of work’s anticipated future monetary and cultural and social
worth. The art market can show up to some degree since craftsmen don’t make art with the sole goal for
selling it, and purchasers regularly have no clue about the estimation of their art procurement. People involved
in the market includes the managers, curators, buyers, collectors, and art dealers. Each person plays
important role in the art market.

Managers – artists and artisans have their own managers. Managers control the activities,
promotions and business dealings. Art managers could be the owner of the whole production process and the
products.

Curators – curator is derived from the Latin word “curare” which means “to take care or care for
specific number of object or items.” An art curator is the overseer or manager of cultural heritage institution
like museums, galleries, archives and even libraries. A curator is also a content specialist charged with an
institution’s collections, selecting art to be displayed in a museum, art organization in exhibits, researching
artists, and writing catalogs and also involved in the interpretation of heritage.

Art Buyers/Collectors – a professional who is knowledgeable in art. They focus on collecting pieces
of artwork by acquiring or purchasing. An art collector or buyer buys artworks with some reasons like: for
others to know his lifestyle or high status in life, for love and deeper appreciation for the arts and or for
investment. Thus, art collectors support the career of every artist and their success.

Art Dealers – are those who involve themselves in buying and selling creative works of art. They are
responsible in the cycle or circulation in the art market. They are professionals who sponsor and support
some art exhibitions and auctions. They survey the online trends and equips themselves with knowledge
about the style of art that people want to buy.

Art Engagement and Exhibits

Arts enthusiasts travel from one place to another in order to satisfy their need for aesthetics and their
socio-cultural curiosity of a certain community. They also attend different art fairs and exhibits to enjoy
masterpieces of various artists.

At present, audiences, especially the young arts enthusiasts, need an extensive experience to art. One
of the most common platforms for the audiences to engage in the art is through art fair or art exhibition.
Generally speaking, an exhibition is a planned arrangement and display of various collection of items. In fact,
art displays generally take place in museums, galleries and exhibition halls, and sometimes in World’s fairs.

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Exhibitions can comprise numerous things such as art both in major museums and smaller galleries,
interpretive exhibitions, natural history museums and sometimes commercially focused exhibitions and trade
fairs. Furthermore, exhibitions require long period of planning, curators’ coordination with various artists and
passion and commitment.

On the other hand, there are also other art engagements for the audiences aside from attending art
exhibits: art talks form any artist, studio or artist visit, art workshops, auctions, art fairs, art lecture and art book
launching. Publication can also be utilized to introduce artworks such as books, newspapers and write-ups for
magazines.

The Creative Process

Art creation process is one of the essential perspectives that prompts a more profound information on
art. As per Frederick Spratt as cited by Punzalan et. Al. (2019), art production makes an essential
commitment to the understanding of art in light of the fact that the genuine encounter of creating art prompts
another perception with respect to numerous features of the meaning of art. Thus, art production uncovers the
whole art making and the unique way of artists’ imaginativeness as well as how he controls mediums and
tools, how he incorporates skills both mental and physical.

Similarly, based from Robert Fritz book, Panisan et.al (2018) states that art production process
comprises several steps in the process. Furthermore, creating is a skill that can be learned and be developed.
Like any other skill, we learn by practice and hands-on experience – we can learn to create by creating.
There are, however, some steps we can follow as indications to guide our actions. Fritz, presented three
stages in the creative process.

1. Germination (Idea) – it is the initial moment when you conceive a new project in your life. It uis the
stage where you plant the seeds of your creation. You need to be specific about what you want to
do.
2. Assimilation – during this phase you will internalize and adapt or incorporate the idea you want to
create. Plan, analyze it, and cultivate it with all the available resources.
3. Completion – is the stage to finish your project, to give it the final shape before presenting it to the
audience.

Stages in Production Process

The process follows the three stages or phases: preproduction, production, and portproduction.

1. Pre-production or subject development – artist always starts with an idea on his mind.
Conceptualizing all the ideas does not necessarily sum up the process. The artist basically prepares
materials in his mind fitted for the idea to become an artwork.
2. Production or the manipulation of materials – this stage involves the gathering and manipulation
of materials using the artists’ skills and mastery. Coming up with various ideas of the artist wouldn’t be
impossible without materials.
3. Post-Production or the completion of the stage – once an artwork is finished it will be out in the
market, it will be exposed for public display, or it will be performed for the audience.

Awards and Recognition for Artist and Artisan

The NCCA established the honors and citation for Filipino artists who made an outstanding and
significant contribution to the art and culture. The two major awards given to the artist in the Philippines are
the Orden ng Pambansang Alagad ng SIning (Order of National Artist) and Gawad Manlilikha ng Bayan
(National Living Treasures Award.)

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1. Order of The National Artist

The order of the National Artist is the highest national recognition for creative Filipino artist
who have made significant contribution to the development of the Philippine arts in the discipline of
painting, sculpture, architecture, music, dance, literature, film, broadcast arts, and allied arts.
Together with the Cultural Center of the Philippines, the Commission for culture and arts administered
the award. The President of the Philippines grants the awards for any Filipino artist after the joint
recommendation of the two institutions. The very first award for the Order of National Artist was
awarded to Fernando Amorsolo in the year 1972, a National Artist for Visual Arts.
At present, there were 66 awardees for the Order of the National Artist for different art forms.
Others received their awards while still living and enjoying the privileges while some of them were
given the award posthumously, the awardees receive the following privileges;

1. The rank and title of National Artist, as proclaimed by the President of the Philippines;
2. The insignia of a National Artist and a citation;
3. A lifetime emolument and material and physical benefits comparable in value to those
received by the highest officers of the land such as:

a) a cash award of One Hundred Thousand Pesos (P100,000.00) net of taxes, for living
awardees;
b) a cash award of Seventy Five Thousand Pesos (P75,000.00) net of taxes, for
posthumous awardees, payable to legal heir/s;
c) a monthly life pension, medical and hospitalization benefits;
d) life insurance coverage for Awardees who are still insurable;
e) a state funeral and burial at the Libingan ng mga Bayani;
f) a place of honor, in line with protocular precedence, at national state functions, and
recognition at cultural events.

Both institutions have set criteria for the Order of National Artis. These criteria are as follows:

1. Living artists who are Filipino citizens at the time of nomination, as well as those who died
after the establishment of the award in 1972 but were Filipino citizens at the time of their
death;
2. Artists who, through the content and form of their works, have contributed in building a
Filipino sense of nationhood;
3. Artists who have pioneered in a mode of creative expression or style, thus earning distinction
and making an impact on succeeding generations of artists;
4. Artists who have created a substantial and significant body of work and/or consistently
displayed excellence in the practice of their art form thus enriching artistic expression or style;
and
5. Artists who enjoy broad acceptance through:

a. prestigious national and/or international recognition, such as the Gawad CCP Para sa
Sining, CCP Thirteen Artists Award and NCCA Alab ng Haraya;
b. critical acclaim and/or reviews of their works;
c. respect and esteem from peers.

The Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan (GAMABA)

The Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayad or the National Living Treasure Award was established in 1992
under the RA 7355. Tasked with the administration and implementation of the Award is the National
Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA), the highest policy-making and coordinating body for culture and
the arts of the State. The NCCA, through the Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan Committee and an Ad Hoc Panel
of Experts, conducts the search for the finest traditional artists of the land, adopts a program that will ensure
the transfer of their skills to others and undertakes measures to promote a genuine appreciation of and instill

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pride among our people about the genius of the Manlilikha ng Bayan.

The Manlilikha ng Bayan must possess the following qualifications:

1. He/she is an inhabitant of an indigenous/traditional cultural community anywhere in the Philippines

that has preserved indigenous customs, beliefs, rituals and traditions and/or has syncretized whatever
external elements that have influenced it.
2. He/she must have engaged in a folk-art tradition that has been in existence and documented for at
least fifty (50) years.
3. He/she must have consistently performed or produced over a significant period, works of superior and
distinctive quality.
4. He/she must possess a mastery of tools and materials needed by the art, and must have an
established reputation in the art as master and maker of works of extraordinary technical quality.
5. He/she must have passed on and/or will pass on to other members of the community their skills in the
folk art for which the community is traditionally known.

LEARNING ACTIVITY 1

Activity # 1 Individual art work/Group Work(optional)

Name artist and artisan that you know and whose work you really like. List some of their artworks or you may
search or explore in the internet sample of their artworks. Present it to the class (maximum of 2mins)

A video presentation shall be presented via messenger (Video Chat), Zoom Meeting or MSteams
The presentation will be rated based on the following evaluations:
Content 40% - clear statement of purpose
Originality 30% - visual/ oral/ creativity
Organization 30% - use of media (music and graphics)
_____
Total 100%

SUMMARY

The artists and artisan create objects that make sense in everyday activity of human beings such as
designs and patterns in weaving, as well as artworks such as paintings, sculptures, music and the like. These
uncountable contribution of artist to human culture will go further and further as they continue to create and
innovate for the next generation.

Artists’ and artisans’ creativity and imagination deserves to be awarded and rewarded with lifetime
recognition. Honoring all artists who have dedicated their entire lives for the advancement and development
throughout the history.

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REFERENCES

1. Textbook in Art Appreciation by Punzalan, J.F. et.al.

2. Gardner’s Art through the Ages: A Concise History of Western Art, Fred S. Kleiner, 3rd ed, 2012, pp. 1-2
3. Imagination in Teaching and Learning, Kieran Egan, 1992, pp. 12-37
4. Nature and Young Children, 2nd ed., Encouraging Creative Play and Learning in Natural Environments,
Ruth Wilson, 2012, pp 1-17
5. Art Perception and Appreciation, Ortiz et al, 1976, pp 5-12
6. The Humanities, Dudley and Fancy, 1988, pp. 5-22 (Nature of Art)
7. Alampat: An Introduction to Art Appreciation, Perez, Cayas, and Narciso, 2013, pp. 9-12, 15-21.
8. The Humanities, Dudley Fancy and Rice, 1968, pp. 5-12
9. “The Philosophical Concept of Beauty” Jacques Maritain (from Creative Intuition in Art and Poetry), 1953,
pp. 122-127
10. Aesthetics and Art Theory, Osborne, 1970,, pp. 104-107, 142-144, 171-191, 226-283
11. Myths and Symbols Philippines, Francisco Demetrio, SJ, 1978, pp. 406-411
12. MAKING THE THEATRE The Craft of the Stage, Steven Patrick C. Fernande, 2010, pp. 15-20
13. Merce Cunningham: Fifty Years, Vaughan and Harris, 1997, pp.10, 60-61, 100-101 (dance technique)
14. Nature and Young Children 2nd ed, Encouraging Creative Play and Learning in Natural Environments,
Ruth Wilson, 2012, pp.3-17
15. Choreography: A Basic Approach Using Improvisation, Minton, 1986, pp. 18-19
16. Improvisation for the Theater, Spolin, 3rd ed., 1999 (entire book)
17. Culture of Improvisation, Antolihao, 2004, pp.83-84
18. Fundamentals of Art Appreciation, Pagay et. al. 2018.
19. Art Appreciation, Panisan et. al. 2018.
20. A Course Module for Art Appreciation, Roldan et. al. 2019,
21. https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/the-order-of-national-artists/
22. http://gwhs-stg02.i.gov.ph/~s2govnccaph/about-culture-and-arts/culture-profile/gamaba/national-living-
treasures-guidelines/

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