L 2 Unit Trigonometry — Trigonometrical Ratios, Solutions of Triangles, Bearings, 4 3 Dimensional Problems (@) ABC's an equilateral triangle of side 2 units. AN is perpendicular to BC. Show that cos 60°= +. A 8 v c (b) In the diagram, which is not accurate: R'is a part of the locus of points equidistant from 4 and B, SS’ is a part of the locus of points equidistant from the lines 4B and BC and the point A lies on both loci. . Itis given that 4B = 20 em and ABC = 120° Calculate BM, showing your wor'sing clearly 2000/1723) The diagram shows 4, B, Cand D, the four corners of a horizontal rectangular fiéld ABCD. AC = 110 mand DCA = 43°. 7 (a) Calculate the length of DC. (b) 7C represents a vertical tree. The angle of elevation of T from A is 17°. 9 . Calculate (i). the height of the tree, ro (ii) the angle of elevation of T from D. (J2000/2/2)‘Two ships, Alpha and Beta, left a port, O, at noon, Not Alpha sailed at 12 kv on a bearing of 054°, Beta (a) At4p.m., Alpha was at 4 arid Beta was at 3. \ ° : 5 (b) When Beta had travelled a total distance of 100 km it stopped at C. (i) Calculate the time when Beta reached C. (ii) Alpha continued on its course until it reached the point D, due north of C. Calculate the distance OD. sailed at 16 km/h on a bearing of 130° Calculate the distance 4B. (© Anisland, R, is 100 km due south of the port, 0. Calculate the bearing of R from C. ech . ony 3 c Nash o| soo ‘ca c k (12000/2/9) In the diagram, ABC is a straight line, CAD = 68°2°, BCD = 90°, CD = 5 cm and AD = 8 om. Using as much of the information given in the table below as is necessary, find sin | cos tan 682° || 093 | 037 2:50 (a) sinx, giving your answer as a fraction, (b) cosy, (c) BC. (N2000/1/13) XQ5, The diagram shows four towns, 4, B, C and D. Cis 110 km due East of A, ABC = 90° and AB=70 km. 2 Nonh (a) Caleulate o (i) the distance BC, (ii) the bearing of B from A 1 (b) Given that D is due South of C and that CAD = 28°, calculate the distance CD. 4 Ne] F (©) Anaircraft flies from 4 to B, then from B to C, then from C to D and finally from D to 4, Calculate the total distance that it flies, 2 (N2000/2/5) 6, The diagram shows two horizontal triangular fields, ABC and AC which are surrounded by hedges. It is given that DAB is a straight line, AC = 65 m, CAB = 60° and ABC = 72°. (a): Calculate the length of the hedge BC. (b) The hedge AD has length 84 m. Calculate (i) the area of the field ACD, fe (i) the length of the hedge CD. (©) A vertical tree is growing at C. The angle of elevation of the top of the tree from 4 is 14°, (i) Calculate the height of the tree. (i) A. boy has climbed exactly half way up the tree. Calculate the angle of : dep:..sion of D when viewed by the * boy. N2000/2/8) > > 7. Arman at the top of a vertical cliff observes a boat at sea, State the angle of depression of the boat from the man. (32001/1/5b)8 10. 1, B and C are three towns. C is equidistant from A and B. The bearing of C from A is 132° and BAC = 75°. Find (a) (i) the acute angle ACB, (ii) the reflex angle ACB, (b) the bearing of A from C, (c) the bearing of 4 from 8. c (N2001/1/17) ‘The diagram shows footpaths BR and CR in a park ABCDR. BR= 140m, CR = 120 mand 1B = 82m, BCR = 48°, DCR = 59° and ABR = CBR = 90°. Calculate a (a) CD, (0) ARB, (6) CBR. (3201/23) ‘The diagram shows three points A(-2,7), B(-2,2) and C(6,-4). Find (a) the length BC, y (b) the area of triangle ABC, 8 (c) the value of sin ABC. Al 1 1 (N2001/1/21)Inthe diagram, 42 is a vertical wall. A beam, CD, of length 1 metres, rests with one end, D, on horizontal ground, It is held in place by two cables, BC and BD. Given that AD = 8 metres, BD = 15 metres and angle BDC = 55°, calculate (a) the length of 4B, (b) the length of the cable BC, (©) the angle between the beam CD and the ground, . The diagram shows the points P (3,7), (7,7) and R (-2,-5). Find (a) the length PR, (b) the area of triangle POR, (8) the value of sin QPR. (Int'l Exam N2001/1/22) “,Qand Rare three towns. Qs equidistant from P and R. . The bearing of R from Q is 168° and QPR = 57°. Find (@) (i) the reflex angle RPQ , (i) the acute angle POR , (b) the bearing of from R, (©) the bearing of @ from P. (Int'l Exam N2001/1/17) sac ul (N2001/2/1) Ties eys‘The diagram shows a lighthouse, L, and two ports P and Q. Q is due east of L and PLQ = 80°. P and Q are each 10 km from L. Find (@) 16, w a (b) the bearing of Q from P, (c) the bearing of L from P. e g2002/1/7) 15, Diagram I shows a device for measuring angles in a vertical plane. Diagram I! shows the device being used by a surveyor. He views the top of a flagpole at an angle x° to the horizontal. (a) Write down the value of x. Line of sight totop of flagpole Et) "line i id i t Plumb | Vertical {tine Diagram 4 Vertical Diogram I ' (b) The surveyor stands on horizontal ground 50,m from the vertical flagpole. His eye level is i 1.8 m above the ground, Using a scale of 1 cm to 5m, make on accurate scale drawing and use it to find the height of the flagpole. @2002/1/16) 16, The diagram shows a vertical mast, 7B, of height 18 m. A, B and C are three points on horizontal ground. 74 and TC are ‘two straight wires. TC has length 27 m and A7B= 31°. (a) Calculate 8 (i) BCT, i} ths length of TA. - (b) A third straighi wire, 7D, joins T'to a point D on the same horizontal ground. Given that D7B = 51°, find the angle of elevation of T irom D. (12002/2/3)17, The diagram shows a straight line ABC and a point D. AB = 22 cm, BD = 19 cm, ABD= 60° and BCD = 34°, 2 Calculate . (a) the length of BC, (b) the length of AD, (©) the area of triangle ABD, (@). the shortest distance from B to AD. (a\ I~ (2002/29) a 7 ’ © 18. The diagram shows four points, 4, B, Cand D, on a piece of horizontal land, It is given that AB = 45 metres, AD = 25 metres and BD = 28 metres. (a) Calculate angle ADB. (b) Given also that CD = 22 metres and that angle ACD = 33°, calculate angle ADC, 4 (©) The line BD is produced beyond D. Calculate the shortest distance from C'to this extended line, (@) Dis the foot of a vertical mast, D7. The angle of elevation of the top of the mas, 7, from A is 40°. Calculate the angle of elevation of T from B. (N2002/2/8) 19, [tis given that sin 30°= 0.5 and cos 30° = 0.866, (@) Write down the value of (i) cos 150%, (ii) cos 60°, (b) A triangle has sides of length 6 cm and 5 cm. The angle between these two sides is 150°, Calculate the area of the triangle, (82003/1/22) 20, The diagram shiow:s a framework ABCD, A 2 AD= 2.2m, BD= 1.9 mand BCD = 42°, 7 ABD = BEC = 90°, Calculate 22 (a) 42, (b) BC. [a c (32003/2/1b) 21. A vertical fag 8 m high, stands on horizontal ground, Calculate the angle of elevation of the top of the flagpole from a point, on the ground 25 m from its base. (32003/2/1c)2, ‘The diagram shows the position of a harbour, //,and three islands 1, B and C. Cis due North of H. se The bearing of 4 from H is 062° and HAB = 128°. HA=54kmand B= 31 km. (a) Calculate the distance HB. (b) Find the bearing of B from 4 (c) The bearing of 4 from Cis 133%. Calculate the distance AC. (@) A lightship, L, is positioned due North oot of H and equidistant from 4 and H. 2 Calculate the distance HL. (12003/2/9) [=> 23, An aircraft waiting to land is flying around a triangular 4 circuit ABC. 4, Band C are vertically above three beacons, X, Y and Zz. ‘Tis the control tower at the airport, and 7, X, ¥ and Z lie in a horizontal plane. BC = 18 km, CA = 22 km and AB = 24 km. © (@) (i) The plane is flying at 200 krvh Calculate the time, in minutes and seconds, that 2 the aircraft takes to complete one circuit, ii) Calculate the largest angle of triangle ABC. (b) Zis due West of 7. The bearing of X from Z is 042° and the bearing of X ftom Tis 338°. Y i) Find the angles of triangle TZ. ii) Calculate TX. (c) The aircraf is flying at a constant height of 2600 metres. Calculate the angle of depression of the tower, 7, from the aircraft when itis at. (N2003/2/10) 24, Arson who is 1.8m tall stands on horizontal ground 50m from a vertical tree. ‘The angle of elevation of the top of the tree from his eyes is 30°. {Use as much of the irfo-r1-tion below as is necessary to calculate an estimate of the height of the tree, Give the answer to a reasonable degree of accuracy. [sin30°=0.5, cos 30°= 0.866, tan 30°= 0.577] (204/124) 25. (a) The diagram shows a trapezium ABCD. Angle ABC and avgle BCD are right angles. AB =90m, BC=4cm, CD=6emand DA=5em. ‘The perpendicular distance from B to AD is h centimetres. Calculate (j) the area of the trapezium, (ii) the value of (iii) angle DAD. A 9 B c(b) The diagram shows two triangles, PRS and PRO PR=8cm, QR=8.5 cm, PSR = 90°, PRS= 51° and RPQ= 95°. (i) Calculate RS. )) Calculate, (ili) A circle is drawn through P, R and S. (a) Does this circle pass through Q? Give a reason for your answer. (b) Where is the centre of this circle? Diagram t (J2004/2/3) Diagram I shows triangle ABC in which AB=7cm, AC=8cmand BAC= 120°. (a) Show that BC= 13 cm, (b) Calculate the area of triangle ABC. (3) A nA~Q P Diagram 11 The sides of the triangle ABC, shown in Diagram 1, are tangents to a circle with centre O and radius r centimetres. The circle touches the sides BC, CA and AB at P,Q and R respectively, as shown in Diagram HI. (i) Find an expression, in ters of 7, for the area of triangle OBC. (ii). By similarly considering the areas of triangles OAB and OAC, find an expression, in terms of r, for the area of triangle ABC. (iii) Hence find the valae of r. (4) Calculate the percentage of of triangle ABC that is not occupied by the circle. (2004/29)27. Inthe diagram, BCD is a straight line, BC = 5cm, AB = 12 em, AC = 13 emand ABC = 90°. Find (a) tan BAC, (b) cos ACD. Give both answers as fractions, (2004/1/8) a 28 ABCD isa rectangle and M is a point on CD. ‘AC and BM meet at X. 4 2 (a) Prove that triangles CXM and AXB are similar. (b) Itis given that CM=3MD. Find the ratio (area of ACKM:: area of AXB, (ii) area of ABXC: area of rectangle ABCD. N2004/1/18) 29, The diagram shows the positions of A and B. A Find the bearing of Noth (a) 4 from B, (b) B from 4. ¢N2004/1/9) Ge 30. The diagram represents some beais which support part of a roof. AD and BC are horizontal and CDE is vertical, AC=8 metres, BAC = 78°, ACD = 35° and CAE = 90°. Calculate the length of the beam (@) AD, (b) CE, (©) 48. N2004/2/1)31. Three paths, 12, BC and C4, run along the edges of a horizontal triangular field ABC. &C = 51 m, AC = 72 m and angle ACB = 8°. (@) Calculate the length of 4B, Tr (©) Calculate the area of the field ABC. (©) Calculate the shortest distance from C to AB. de (d) A vertical tree, C7; has its base at C. Zar\ The angle of elevation of the top of the tree from A is 15°. Calculate the height of the tree. (e) John measured the largest angle of elevation of the top of the tree as seen from the path AB, Caleulate this angle of elevation. 32. (a) The diagram shows a circle which passes through A D, Band F. AFB, BDC and CEA are tangents to the circle, D is the midpoint of BC. Given that BD = 5 om and AE = 8 cm, find : @ &, ( cad F, a3 D c (b) The diagram shows a circle which passes through Pp X,Y and Z. PZQ, QXR and RYP are tangents to the circle, Given that POR= 52° and QRP= 589, calculate @ Qbr, @ ox, (i) 287, qnz004/2/5)31. 4 is due North of O. BA (a) A ship sailed from O to B, where AOB=12°. Write down the bearing of B from 0. (b) At B, the ship turned and sailed to C, where OBC = 50°. Calculate the bearing of C from B. {2 (22005/1/4) 34. In the diagram, the quadrilateral ABCD represents a level park with a path BD. AB = 600m, BC = 1040 m, BD = 950m, CBD =42° and BAD =118°. (a) Calculate (angle 48D, (i the length of CD, (ii) the shortest distance from C to BD. (&) A helicopter flew directly above the path BD at a constant height of 500m. Calculate the greatest angle of depression of the point Cas seen by passenger ‘on the helicopter. Cc (12005/2/9) 35, Three points, A, B and C, lie on a horizontal field. Angle BAC = 75° and the bearing of C from A is 217°, AB = 72m and AC = 60m. (a) Calculate 4, (i) the bearing of B from 4, (i) BC, n (iii) angle ABC, (iv) the bearing of C from B. (b) A girl standing ot B is flying a kite, 1574 The kite, K, is vertically above A, ‘The string, BK, attsched to the kite is at 24° to the herizontal, Caleulate the angle of elevation of the kite when viewed from C. . North (n290572/3)36. (b) Diagram I represents part of the framework of the ride. The points 4, B,C, D, E and F are on the framework, The points H, C, G, E and F lie on a horizontal line. The lines BH and DGvare vertical. BC=80m, HC=60m, DG=40m, GE=35m and DCG =32°, A B Calculate @ x#éB, (i) CD, (ii) the angle of depression of E from D. © Diagram I Diagram Il shows part of the ride. ‘The carriage that carried the family was 4.6m long, It was travelling at a constant speed of 15 m/s as it passed the point F. (i) Calculate, correct to the nearest hundredth of a second, the time taken for the carriage to pass the point F. (i) Express 15 m/s in kilometres per hour. (12006/2/4,c) 37. In the diagram, A and B are two points on a straight coastline, Nowth B is due east of A and AB=7km. SEA The position of a boat at different ti was noted. i a | LAND{a) At 8am., the boat was at C, where ACB= 66° and ABC =48°. Caleulate i) the bearing of B from C, (ii) the distance AC. (b) At 9am, the boat was at D, where AD=63km and DAB=41°. Caleulate () the area of triangle ADB, (ii) the shortest distance from the boat to the coastline, (©) At lam, the boat was at E, where AE=9km and BE=5km Calculate the bearing of E from A North 4 7 North D 63 A 7 8 vet aw 9 7 4 A 7 B — (32006/2/9) 1 38, The triangle with vertices A(4, 4), B(-2,-6) and C(4,—1) is shown in the diagram. Find (@ @ the area of a4sc, (i) the coordinates of the point P such that ABCP is a parallelogram, (ii) the area of the parallelogram ABCP, (iv) tan Bic. (b) It is given that the length of BC =k units. Write down cos8C4, giving your answer in terms of k. (2005/1722)39. The diagram shows a footpath PR across a park URS. PQ =64m, PR =53m, PS=74m and QR =91 m. Angle PRS = 68°. Calculate (®) QPR, () RPS, (c) the area of triangle PRS. 64, 40. A vertical flagpole, BF, stands at the top of a hill. AB is the steepest path up the hill, N lies vertically below B and ANB= 90°. AN = 100m and AB = 104m. (@) Show that BN = 286m. (b) It is given that FAN =25°. () Write down the size of the angle of depression of A from F. (ji) Calculate the height, BF, of the flagpole, © (G Bi 40D) one mh PS The path ACD is horizontal and BAC = NAC = 90°. CN and DN are horizontal lines. (Given that 4C= 60m, calculate BCN (i) Given that BBN =10°, calculate DBA.\i (a) Using as much information in the table as necessary, evaluate 2sin1 50°. (b) In the triangle 48C, 4BC BC =(x+l)em and AC =(3x+1) em, reduces to x7 -4x=0. (i) Find the value of x. 42. Diagram I foot of the perpendicular from C to BD. AB = 61m, AD = 30m and DC = 45m. Angle BAC = 41°, (@) Calculate BD. the area of triangle RDA is 600 m*. (©) Explain why (@) Calculate the area of triangle BCD. (© Hence calculate Cv. sin cos, 30° 05 087 60° 0387 05 A , AB=3x cm, 3etl a (i) Form an equation in x and show that it ) Ein D Cc om! B (ii) Given that BCD is a straight line, state the numerical value of cos DCA. (2007/1/23) In Diagram 1, the point D lies on AC and N is the c 45 (0) Show that, correct to the nearest square metre, . area of ABCD _ 3 Y area of ABDA ~ 2° 30 B 61 ‘A (Diagram it The same points B, C, D and N lie on a sloping plane. The point £ is 15 m vertically below C. The points 8, E, D and N lie on a horizontal plane. Diagram Il represents this information. Calculate the angle of elevation of C from N. 43. (a) From the top of a vertical tower AB, an observer se car at C. AB = 65a a4 C? = 200m. Caleulate CAB, N ‘D (1200729) A - 65 = é 20 B(b) The diagram shows three positions at sea, R, P and S. R is due north of P and S is due east of P. RP = 300m and RS = 750m, P 5 () A boat sailed at a constant speed of 5 kmh from R to S. It was at R at 2256. Find the time it reached S. (ii) Calculate the bearing of S from R. (N20077211) 44, The points A, B, C and D represent four towns on a map. ABC is a straight line. AB = 24cm, BD = 16 em and CD= 20cm. Angle ABD = 112°, (a) Calculate () 4d, ii) angle BCD, the area of triangle ABD. A (b) The scale of the map is 1 : 250.000. Calculate the actual distance, in kilometres, from town A to town B. (N2007/25) 45. A 2 5 sin 8 3 10 2 cos a 5 Di Ic tan @ D ABCD is a rectangle with BC = 10 cm Using as much information from the table as is necessary, calculate BD. _(12003/1/6) 46, (a) A flagpole is a cylinder of length 15 m and diameter 14 cm, Calculate the volume of the flagpole Give your answer in cubic metres, (b) The Magpole, represented by TP in the diagrams below, is hinged at the point P. It is raised by using two ropes. Each rope is fastened to the top of the flagpole’ and the ropes are held at A and B. The points A, P, B and 7 are in a vertical plane with 4, P and B on horizontal ground, TP = 15m, AP = 23m and BP = 12m.( When A7P=90%, calculate TPA, z 4 23 P 12 . . a T (i) When TBP =37°, calculate BPT. A Ee] P 2 2 rt (ii) When the flagpole is vertical, calculate the angle of elevation of the top of the flag pole ftom 4. 7 B Poi2 e ; (7200821) 47. The diagram shows the positions of harbour, H, a lighthouse, L, and two 5 buoys A and B. North HAB is a straight line. The bearing of A from H is 042%. HA = 45 km, Al = 28 km and HAL =\15" (a) Find the bearing of @ H from 4, (i) L from A. (b) Calculate @ HL, (id) the area of wiangle HAL. H (©) A boat sailed from the harbour along the line HAB. (i) Calculate the shortest distance between the boat and the lighthouse, (ii) The bot sailed at a constant speed of 3m/s. Given that the boat reached A at 07 : 15, find at what time it let the harbour, (1200872/9)48. The diagram shows the positions of a harbour, 7, and a lighthouse, L. A boat is anchored at B where LB =108°, North, (@) Given that the bearing of B from H is 125°, find the bearing of @ L fom H, (i) H fom B 4, (b) At 730am, the boat set sail ina straight line Los? . from B to H at an average speed of 25kmvh, Given that BH = 7Okm, find the time at which the boat reaches the harbour e a (N2008/1/18) 49. C is a point on a slope with highest point 8, where CB= 10m, A A vertical mast, AB, of height 15 m stands at B and ABC =105", AC is one of the wires that supports the mast. is (2) (@ Write down the angle between CB and the horizontal. i) -Calculate the length of the wire AC. , (os 10 B " c A (®) D is another point further down the slope, AD is another supporting wire. Given that AD =30 m, calculate ADB. = D (©) The points B, £ and F are on horizontal 4 Q ground at the top of the slope. 30 The mast is supported by another wire AF, n BEF =90', AF =27m and BE=20m, "i Calculate @ » Gi) the angk the mast from E f elevation of the top of (N2008/2/8)50. a) A heavy ball hangs from a point P. Ii m above horizontal ground, by means ‘ of a thin wire. The point D is on the ground vertically below P i The point B is on the ground 4 m from D. (i) Calculate the angle of elevation of P from 8. It DB (ii) The ball swings, with the wire straight, in the vertical plane PDB. When the ball is at X; directly above B, DPX =28° Calculate (a) PX. (b) xB, (0) [The volume of a sphere is 4m The ball is a sphere of volume 96 cm’ Calculate its radius. (2009723) st. In the diagram, BD= 17cm, CD= 10cm, BC=9cm, BAD=114° and ABD = 38° Caleulate () AD, (i) BCD. (120097294)52 A small submarine dived in a straight line from a point 4 on the surface to examine an object at the point IV on the seabed. a) w It dived at an angle of 15° to the horizontal and reached W after travelling 50m. Calculate the depth, d metres, of the seabed at W, ) M A w A marker is at the point M on the surface. When at B, the submarine was 10m vertically below M. Calculate AB. © When at C, the submarins was at its nearest point to Md. @ Find BXC, i) Calculate CM, (200928)3. (a) The diagram shows the side ABCDE of a building. M2 3 D a 35 2 A 7 E AB=2m, BC=3m, CD=2m, DE=35m and EA=4m AB and DE are vertical. AE is horizontal. () Using a scale of 2cm to 1m, construct an accurate scale drawing of ABCDE. (i) Measure and write down ABC. (b) The diagram shows the pentagon PORST. i Ry 105 s Q R pO" PQ=7em, OR= 105 om, RS=7em, ST= 2m and TP= 14am. OPT = PTs =90°. (i) Explain why the shapes ABCDE and PQRST are not geometrically similar. (i) Show that QS? =221. Calculate QRS. {iv) Calculate ROS. ¢N20097219)55. B 15 @ is sin 3 . 8 o | & cos 3 : 15 tne | 18 “ 8 4 32em c ABC is an isosceles triangle with AB = BC and AC = 32cm, Using as much information from the table as is necessary, calculate (@) 4B, (b) the area of triangle ABC. (2010/1723) 7 ZL The diagram shows two ports, P and Q, and a lighthouse L. PQ=20km, PL=17 km, QPL=50° and the bearing of Q from P is 075°, (@ Find the bearing of P from L. () Calculate QL. © @ Calculate Pig. (@ Hence find the bearing of Q from L. (@ A boat leaves P and sails in a straight line to Q. It takes 4 hours and $3 minutes to sail from P to Q- It arrives at Q at 02 23. At what time does it leave P? (i) Calculate the shortest distance between the boat and the lighthouse, (J2010/2/9)6 c e 2 ° : a | sae | 3 x 10 a a cot |S 5 AN TN me | 3 | F DoA . B Fe In the diagram, DAB is a straight line. BC =10cm, CAB=a° and CB4=°. Use as much information given in the table as is necessary to answer the following, questions. (a) Write down the value of cos DAC. (b) Calculate AC. (N2010/1726) 31. W x ‘The points X, Y and Z are on horizontal ground. XY =4km, AZ=17 km and YXZ =125°. (a) Calculate YZ (o) Q ‘The points P and Q are the same height vertically above X and Z respectively.(When an aircraft was at P its angle of elevation from Y was 44° Calculate PX. Give your answer in metres, correct to the nearest 100 metres, (i The aircraft took 2 minutes $4 seconds to fly from P to Q. (a) The aircraft reached its destination 39 minutes 6 seconds after flying over Q. ‘The flight ended at 15 03. ‘At what time did the aircraft fly over P? (b) Calculate the average speed of the aircraft as it flew from P to Q. Give your answer in kilometres per hour. (nzo1o2i1) 3. {RCD is a trapezium with AB=2I on and a_2l_sB CD=35an. 4 7 s a * sind = ABC = BCD =90° and ADC = 0. _ 25 Using as much information from the 030 7 table as is necessary, calculate AD. (20111) and f\ D 35 Cc 59. The scale drawing shows three towns, 4, B and C. ‘The scale of the drawing is 1 cm to 25 km, North (a) Measure the bearing of A from C. (b) Find the bearing of C fro: (©) Find the actual distance, in kilomeires, from B to C. (noisy‘The angle of depression of a buoy, B, from a point, C, on a cliff is 15% The distance BC is 250 m. ‘A seagull, S, hovers so that it is vertically above B and SB= 300m. (@® @ Find séc. (i) Find Sc. (i) Find the angle of elevation of S from C. (b) D is a marker at sea level vertically below C and due west of B. () Find DB. (i) M is a marker at sea level 200m from B and DBM =30", Find the area of triangle DBM. ii) Nis a marker at sea level due south of B and DV= 450m. ‘A boat sails on a circular course through D, B and N. Write down the radius of the circle. (2011/72/10) 61. NorthThe diagram shows four points, A, 8, P and Q, at sea. B is due South of A and P is due East of A. AP =3.73 km, BP=5.47km, AQ=5.32 km and PAQ = 25°. (@) Calculate ABP. (b) Calculate PQ. (6) A boat sailed in a straight line from Q to 4. () Find the bearing of 4 from @. (i) A lighthouse is situated at 4. The top of the lighthouse is 30 m above sea level. Calculate the angle of depression of the boat from the top of the lighthouse when the boat is 100 m from 4. (nzoi12a) D a A kite is attached at A to a 20m length of string and the other end of the string is held at B so that the string is a straight line, B is 2m above the ground at C and AC=21.3 m. Dis the point at ground level directly below 4 such that ADC = BCD=90°, (@) Calculate @ Abc, (i) AD. © Ane Nel 86 Nis YY E E is another point on the level ground such that DE=8,6 m, EBC =33° and CED=118°,Calculate . () OC (i) CE, (iit) the angle of elevation of B from E. (2012/28) 63. A ship travelled from P to Q. 4 It unloaded its cargo at Q and then retumed to P ‘The bearing of Q from P is 075°. (a) Find the bearing of P from Q. () The ship left P-at 21 40 and retuned to P at'0$ 33 the following day. Find the length of time, in hours and minutes, between leaving P and returning to P (2012/18) a. A ‘ 10 a os SO In triangle ABC, AB= 10m, BC= 6.5m and ABC =90°, ~ Loe D (@ Find 4C3. (b) D is the point on BA produced such that i CD= 164 m. (Find AD. i Give your answer in metres and centi-metres, 10 correct to the nearest centimetre. (i) Fil DEB. . ¢Nz012201) 2 65 iip s\ 7 D 4, B, C and D are four points on level ground, BDC is a straight line. AD=30m and DC=64m, ABD=37° and ADB =58°. ©) Caleulate 48. (b) Calculate AC. (©) Calculate the area of triangle ADC. (@ A vertical tower stands at 4 P is the point on the line BC such that the angle of depression from the top of the tower to the line BC is greatest, Given that this angle gf depression is 34°, calculate the height of the tower. (2012729) 66. The diagram shows the positions, P, Q, R and S, of four hotels,‘The bearing of Q from P is 065° and the bearing of R from Q is 210°. PQ = 500 m, SQ =335 mand POS =90", (@ Calculate POR. (b) Calculate the shortest distance from P to OR. (©) Calculate the bearing of S from P. (32013/2/6) 67. (a) Two boats sail from A, One’ boat sails to B; North and the other boat sails to C. AB=8km, AC = 6km and BAC =115°, ( Calculate the distance, BC, between the boats. (i) The bearing of B from A is 200°. 8 Find the bearing of 4 from C. : ‘ 60° — Zofequi.d. BN=4aC=4.48 Aj 0s 60° = cos B 70-1 km (1815 hour as sinz= ) aC=2em @ 894m sSkm 338 km 592m 360m? © 162m o ae 618m (0) 304 (iy) aT Gi) 967m cosy=-037 Gi) 395° qi) 129m Gi) 36 (i) 330" © or © 396 1Ounits (b) 20units (e) —$ 127m = (b) 125m (ec) 67-2" 1Bunits (b) 24 units (©) HE @ ur GH 66 ue © 306 Me 38 w 5 Lam < Gai som 5mx613=307 m ight of apple 30.7 an axis symmetry 7, 19, 20. a. 2 2. (i) A= De 2Lom (0) 90°- S19 = 39" (@ 149m (b) 20.7cm (6) 181 cm? @ 1150m (2) cos ADB = 3S ZADB= 116. (sin pac 282 ZAC 28.66 ZADC= 180" ~33°-28.64"= 18.4" © c e Eis the foot of the perpendicular from C 10 BD produced. ZEDC= ZADC~ ZADE = ZADC ~ (180° ~ ZADB) = 1184°= 180+ 116.1°= 54.5° ‘The shortest distance from C to the extended line = CE ~22 sin 54.5°= 179m (@) DT=25tan 40° tan 708 = 9f = mse Angle of elevation of T from 8 = 36.8" (a) (i) cos 150°=-0,866 (i) cos 6°=05 () 15m" (@ 4682303 358° (b) BC=2.84 (0) HB=71.1 km () ae © 652km @ 37.5km (®) (19 min 12 see (i) c= Bo" o @ 6 (i) TX=176 im (©) Angle of depression = 8.4at tan 30 h osm= % or 4=2885m height of tee = 1.8 + 28.85 = 30.65 =30.7 25. (@) (i) Ata* $x 4(6+9)=30em* (ii) Area ofA BCD= $4 x6 =12 em? ‘Areaof 4 ABD=30~12= 18 em* Now area of 4 ABD= $x 18> pasa h=72em (ii) angle DAB = 53.13° ©) @ RS=5.03em (ii) bysine rule POR = 69.7° (3 sig.fig) Gil) (@No. Angle POR ~ 69.7°. If the circle passes through Q, then angle POR should be equal to 90°, (circle ‘passing through sil four comers ‘makes PORS cyclic quadrilateral) (&) at midpoint of PR 26. (8) By cosine rule we get BC= 13 cm (0) Areas $*78x:sin120° = 24.25 cm? @ @ Awaosc=05xaCxr= Br (i) Araoaa= ir Area OAC #47 ‘Now Area of ABC =e lear attr 272 Gi) 24248= 14 reiom @) Assof Empty A ‘em 9.425 em? 24.26 9,125 2 14.823 14.87 stage = eee * 100 = Peteentage = 35343 61% 2. 8 ae 32. 3B. 34, 35. 36, 37. @ () @ ) @ ® () oO @ ) © @ © @ © tan Bic eos ACD == ABIICM (opp. sides of rect) &, ABAX= ZMCX and ZABX= ZCMX (au 29) ZAXB= ZCXM (wer. opp. 25) the two triangles are similar (44d) 300° () 120" CE=9. AB = 8.96 cm asm 1810 mn? coreet to 3 figures 445m cr #193 ae () £C=5em (i) ) @ © © @ (o) @ oy @ (b) © ‘Volume of flagpole = 0.231 m? @ TPA=493° (i) BPr=1142° (ii), Angle of elevation from A=33.1° (i) bearing of H from A= 222° Gi) bearing of L from A= 107° @ HL=6.22 km (i) Area of AHAL = 5.71 km? (Shortest distance between the boat and the lighthouse is 254 km, | (ii) The boat Left the harbour at 0650. (Bearing of £ from H = 233° (i) Bearing of H from B= 305° Time = 72 =2h 48 min. . the boat reaches harbour at 10.18 am, (Angle between CB and the horizontal = 15° Gi), AC=20.1m ADB =28.9° () EF=102m (i) Angle of elevation from F = 33.7° (i) Angle of elevation = 70° (i) @ PX = 852m ©) XB=3.48m radius = 2.86 om AD = 11.5 em aCD=127" d=129m AB =38.6m @ Bhic=15° (ii) CM =9.66m59, @ (b) © 61. 62 6. 64. North Bearing of A from C = 057° Bearing of C from 4 = 180° +57° = 237° BC=9.5cm given scale; 1cm=25 km BC =9.5x25 = 2375 km se c 1. (@) (i) SBC=75° 25cm (i) Bycosinerule, SC-=337 m . (iii) angle of elevation of S from C = 44.3° (>) (i) DB=241.5m (ii) Area of ADBM =12075 m* (©) * Areaof AADC i) Radivs of circle = 950.=225 m = 4130x64ysin1 22%) a 2 (@) ABP =42,99°~ 43° = re eo pratense P ‘or greatest angle of depression, po (0) Bycosine mule, PQ*2.50 km is nearest to A. therefore AAPD is aright (© @ Bearing of A from Q=245° angled triangle with APD =90° (i) angle of depression from the top 4 of the lighthouse =16.7° mau ss sin58°=4— (@) () 4BC=128.4° (ii) AD=14.4m 0 v0 (& () DeE=29° i) CE=97m APa2ssom | Ap) fh (Gi) angle of elevation of B from E is 11.7° , Let T’ be the top of the tower (a) Bearing of P from Q = 255° consider ATAP (b) Length of time is 7 hours $3 minutes. tan TPA 4 (a ACB=57° TA 4° 2 TA () @) AD=Smé6em, imag 4 (i) DCB = 66.6" TA=17.159317.2 (@) Im AABD, using sine rule, height of tower =17.2 m ABs 42.3 m 66. (a) POR=35° (b) In AADC, (0). shortest distance from P to QR = 287 m ABC = 180° - 58° = 122° (©) bearing of S from P= 031.2" using cosine rule, AC =83.85 383.9 m67.) (i) ii) co) i) BOS U.9 km Wearing of A trom C = 265° inargs, 44° + 65° + (36° + QPR) =180° OPR=35° 70. (a) (b) © using sine rule, 200 3in33 _ 200sin65 oT sins PR= xsin65 (i) Using sine rule to ASPR, —SR_ PR 5in38 ~ sindd sin36 Sho PR Sat 1. @ ®) sin6s © in35 200sin65 | sin36 from()(), PR=2 => SR= 2. (a) i) SR 267m area of triangle SPQ . 44 ‘area of triangle POR (iv) © 68. (@) 0) @ @ AB = 78.129 = 78.1. cm AD=128 em Gsf) ADC = 242° (Idp) ‘Area of CDEF = 2900 cm* 69. (a) (i) ‘Area of ABC = 4(4)(6)sin67° =11,046%11,05 m? (i) POR=39.:14° Gil) ZX =136.4° (0) @ CM =6.16cm (sf) (ii) increase in CAM = 41.42 @ aa of triangle ABC _ auea of wiangle ADE ~ 4x ADx AE sind BC 49.30 cm obtuse angle ADC = 122° Inaadc, ACD = 28° Area of AADC = $(11)(6.5)sin28° += 16.784 cm? ‘Area of AABC = 5(11)(8)sin 56° = 36.478 cm™ percentage of AABC shaded = 16.784 36.478 x 100= 46% AC=51.2m AF =12.6785 312.7 m HG = 40.4157 3 40.4 m Bx ABx ACxsind area of triangle ABC _ 1 area of triangle ADE ~ 3 ABXAC_ 1 ‘Dx AE “3 xx(2x~3)_ (e+12)x(Qx-544) 3 2xt-5x 1 23° 423x-12 3 3(2x7 ~52) = 2x7 + 232-12. 6x -1Sx= 2x7 4235-12 4x? -38x+12=0 2x? -19x+6=0 x=9.17 of 0.33 (2dp) For x=0.33 AC =2(0,33)-5=-4.34 since length cannot t negetive, therefore x= 0.33 does not apply to AABC. BC 6.35 cm = 4