3.8 Intze tank : found economical, ircular tanks are ; i tanks, circu For, large storage capacity overhea ire beams to reduce j thick or require beams to ' enews the top and boom slabs of such tanks become thick OF SHEET, A A their spans, Inge tank ta a solution for such tanks Of flat slabs, me) FIG. 3.52 : STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS INTZE TANK+s Proportions of structural elements of I ily material cost is considered, tanks with lesser diameter But, taller tanks results into additional pumping cost. H following optimum dimensions may be considered, ‘D= diameter of cylindrical wall "Rise of top dome = h, = 0.2D _ Height of cylindrical tank proper = h = 0.6D to 07D Height of conical dome = hy = 0.3D Rise of bottom of spherical dome = h, =0.2D : Diameter of bottom circular ring beam = D, = 0.6D ‘hop Spherical Dome : t = thickness of dome varies from 75 mm to 100 mm. D = diameter of dome R, = Radius of dome hy = tise of dome i 1 ” 5 6 of D. = Uniformly distributed load per unit area of s aC on top dome shall be taken as 1.5 kKN/m?.) ring beam (B,) : ring beam is designed for hoop tension. & meridional thrust T,, of the top dome at the level of top ring bea © components. Vertical component = T, - sind, L Horizontal component = T, - cos®, — Outwards Hoop tension in top ring beam eat, *cos8 x > ob The cross sectional area of ring beam is determined by limiting the tensile stre the ring beam to values specified in IS : 3370, Part-II, depending upon the grade of concer [Refer Table 3.3, 3.4] i Tensile stress in beam E = Si na enh 456 — 2000, P. 80 Ar = A, +mA, Fi = (A, -A,)+m-A EDA, Ag, st =A, + (m1) Ag a f = Hoop or direct tension ross area of beam area of tension steel. m= = modular ratio _ 280 IS : 456 — 2000, P, 80 Tae 5 from table-21 of code a80 for M-30, 6,4. = 10 N/mm? ~ 3x10 = 9.33 3, Circular side walls : The side walls are designed for the hoop tension developed due to the water pressure in the tank. Maximum hoop tension at the base of wall Yy = density of water = 10 kN/m3 h = height of vertical wall D = Diameter of tank A minimum wall thickness of 150 to 200 mm is provided at the top of the tank and thickness at the base of the tank is designed by limiting tensile stress. A,, is given by we 2ST see “ ~ Permissibk stress in steel Permissible stress in steel in direct a tension = 130 N/mm?, (Table 3.3) im 130 4. Bottom ring Beam (B,) : If W, = total vertical Joad acting on ring beam B, = Weight of top dome + weight of top ring beam + weight of cylindrical wall + self weight of beam B, h = height of water above ring beam B, T, = Thrust in the conical dome D_ = Diameter of the ring beam d = depth of ring beam B, ZV=0, « W,=T, cosh w, yeeH2= Ye H co Bz | | — | 1 y's TasinB = WitanB FIG. 3.53 W, Now, H, =T, sinB=—~4 - sinB =W, - tanB cosB H,=W,- tanB ... force due to T, Water pressure at centre of beam B, = Yy°h Horizontal force per metre length of beam, H, =7,° 4-4 ... force due to water pressure Total horizontal force, H Peetetion 5, Conical dome : found as explained below. Well as hoop tension, These forces °@!The conical dome is also subjected to hoop t ‘ater pressure. : Pp = water pressure = Yy x height _ q = self weight of dome slal 3h btFIG. 3.55 Horizontal component of p = psin® Vertical component of p = pcos® Total vertical force = (pcos® + q) Horizontal component of this force = positon an = (p cos6 + q) cot Total horizontal force = OR It may be simplified as, (pcos® + q) cot® + psind = pcosé - Cot8 + qcotO + psing P| cose x £080 | [ sind aie + qcoto a Cos? 8 + sin? g 2 gece tante + qcote = pcosecO + qcotd+ 1+ cos8 n Circular beam (B,) : fhe ring beam B, supports the bottom g am is subjected to horizontal as well ‘ “ae 1 aor spherical dome as Well as the as vertical loads as follows. ) Horizontal loads : Inward thrust due to conical dome = T, cos Outward thrust due to spherical dome = T, cos@, * Net thrust on beam B; = T; cos® — T, cos0, Tf this net thrust is negative, it will create tension in the: _ Therefore, dimension of the tank and angle of domé to creat hoop compression in the beam B,. Check the ) Vertical toads : Yertical load on beam = T,sin@ + Tysin Oy: is designed for these loads sb[san [esi ot Wetforeed Concrete Structures | EXAMPLES - INTZE TANKS Example-1 : Fix the basic dimensions of intze type container of an elevated wa 6 lacs litre water. Design and detail all structural components. Height m up to bottom of tank, wind load = 1.5 kN/m? throughout the hei oil = 200 kN/m?, Use M 30 grade concrete and Fe 415 grade steel. (May 2015, December 2015, November-2016, May 2017, 20: Solution : )_ Dimensions : * Assume the following dimensions : Diameter of cylindrical portion D = 12 m Diameter of lower ring beam Dy = 8 m Rise of top dome = h, = 2m Rise of bottom dome = hy = 1.5m Height of conical dome = hy = 2.0 m For M-30 grade concrete and Fe-415 grade steel. For calculations relating to to-cracking (IS : 3370, Part-2, 2009) 6, = 1.5 N/mm? Gy, = 2.0 N/mm? 6,, = 130 N/mm?= 0.222 N/mm Permissible stress direct compression for = 8 N/mm? wR, [oo - 1 4 ees n x1o[os tial OR T,=WR, = 9.78 kN/m .... Tensile 9.78 x 108 <. Hoop stress = = 0.0978 Nimm? < 8 Nim? 100 x 1000 Provide nominal reinforcement @ 0.24% (Fe 415) ie 0.24 tA, = Rope wee x 100 = 240 mm2 Provide 8 mm $ @ 200 mm c/c (250 mm?) in radial and circumferential directio (3) Top ring beam B, : D=12m meridional thrust per m length of beam at base, T, = 22.22 kN/m Its horizontal component = T, cos, = 22.22 cos0, 22.22 x 0.8 17.77 kN/m (May 2015ting beam is 300.x 300 mm. imum shear reinforcement ~ 2 legged stirrups 7x8 = 100 mm?FIG. 3.58 : TOP DOME AND RING. BEAM REINFORCEMENT ‘The reinforcement Tequired and provided at various depths from top is tabulated belay Area required Area on each Reinforcement Provided on | Ay, mm? face mm? both faces (horizontal) (461.54 h) (230.76 h) 461.54 230.76 210 cle (Ay, = 239 mn) 923.0 461.54 10 6 @ 170 cle (A, = 462 mm 1384.62 692.31 10 @ 110 cle (A, = 714 mm) 1846.16 923 12 6 @ 120 cle (A, = 942 mnt 2322.70 eeeclay | 1161.35 16 6 @ 170 ef (Ag 89@ Maximum hoop tension at base, at h=5m st = 10001 + 9,33 , Pia 1000 mm 2x 1183) = 10001 + 2207473190 mm e/e (265 mm?) on of main steel. aie: me size of beam 1000 x 500 mm deep larger walk-way around the tank. due to top dome = 22.22 x 0.6 13.33 N/m = 03 x 03 ie due to top ring beam (03 x 03) = 2.25 kNin = 0.225 x 4.2 x = 23.625 KN/m “ht. of wall = 5 - 0.3 - 05 @) @B) =42m lue to bottom ring beam = 1 x 0.5 X 25e- 1 x 0.5) 12.5 KN/m Total (w,) = 51.70 KN/im due to cyli. wallb= (mx 10) x 2.83 x 0.50 x 25 = 1112 kN dome, cylindrical wall, bottom ring beam | * 51.70tension : y tension is variable. It is checked at top. @ = 45° water pressure = Y,, x height of = self wt. of slab = 0.50 x 25 = 12.499.26 103 _ 0 510895.64 6.08 m @, = 41.07° ime 250 mm thick slab, sf wt. of dome slab = (2R,) Xh xt x ; = 2m x 6.08 x 1.5 x : = 358.14 kN plume of water above dome i 2m x 6.08" x t ae exes? x(6+2- = ai x (5+2- 8) [ 351.85 — [116.13 — 76.73] = 312.45 m3 wt. of water above dome = 312. = 3124.5 KN ‘Total load = 358.14 + 3124.5 = Zpsnd 7x8sin = 210.92 KN/m_fet inward thrust= 272.24 - 159 = 113.24 kNim—> 113.24x8 ‘ Te = 452.96 KN 1e size of beam = 500 x 1000 mm— a 452.96 x 10° ; 5300 x 1000 : = 0.905 Nim? < 8 Nimm? compression on beam = tical load on beam, = T, sin® + T, sin6, = 385 sin 45° + 210.92 sin 41.07° = 410.80 kN/m ‘of beam = 0.5 x 1.0 x 25 = 12.5 kN/mTotal ud. = 410.80 + 12.5 i w= 423.3 KN/m | Total load = 0x 8 x 4233 | = 10639 KN ‘The circular girder is supported on 8 columns. c,« wR? 20) Maximum negative B.M. at support = = 0,066 x 423.3 (4) ne ire = 351.08 kKN-m Maximum + Ve BM. at mid ean = ©, ¥RO (20) = OIE 423.3% (4 I ' = 159.58 KN-m 2 = 2 a ‘Maximum torsional moment = Cc, wR (20) = 0.005 423.3 x (4) x 2 = 26.6 kNm : Ww 10639 Maximum S.F. at support = DSNGTONGO: = oe : = 665 KN For M30, Q = 1.80, k = 0418, j = 0.861, On = 130 N/mn? M, = 1.80 bd? 351.08% 10° _ 60457 mm 1.80 x 500 Provide d = 950 mm, cover = 50 mm _ 351.08 x 106 _ 351.08 x 10° gc. a cfd) 10x 0861x950 ™™ Provide 6 nos. 28 (A,, = 3694 mm?) 665x109 » = s90x050 7 14 Nimm? Is : 456 ~ 2000, P. 84, Table? = 100A, _ 100x 3694 OR eh 500x050 «8 ‘ 500x950 IS ; 3370 (Part-2) — 2009452 x 175 x 950 484.5 x 10° = 155 mm | Provide 12 6-4 legged stirrups @ 15 esign of column for supporting tower : ) Vertical ]oad on each column = —Q g = 1330 Q) Self wt. of 16 m height of column of = Fx 0.5? x16%25 78.53 KN @) Self wt. of bracings, 3 nos. of 4 m intet iS 3x (04x04) xmX8X25 _ a 8 nos Total = | ad ‘on each col. ~ 1450 KNWind forces on column : Intensity of wind pressure = 1.5 kN/m? Reduction coeff. for circular shape = 0.7 Dist. from No| Description ores KN" (pagan ie 3 1| Top dome : assume col ae 13.56 base | m 325, 123x212 x07 x15 below G.L| s 0 he. 75.0 2a amen 64.50 21.5 13879 12.3 x 5 x 0.7 x 1.5 3. | Conical dome : 21.32 18.0 383.76 oa x2x 0.71.5 iz mo 4. | Beam B, : 84 17.0 1428 (1.0 x 8) x 0.7 x 1.5 5. | Columns (5 Nos.) : 42 9.0 378 | 5x (0.5 x 16) x 0.7 x 15 6. | Bracings : 3 x (04 x 8) x 1.5 144 9.0 129.6 (Note : 0.7 is not considered) | Total EH, = 164.18 KN EM, = 27466 KNal r = dist. of col. from N.A. 164.18 Shear per column = ae = 20.52 kN Vertical load on column due to wind moment, _ =M, + are Er? =2x4 + 4x 2.83? = 64 m? Maximum comp. in forthest column on leeward side _ ZMy-r _ 27466x4 ar = 171.66 kN= 1.5% 1450 = 2175 KN PD Les e500" 30 (4000 - 400) 500 ta 500 30 23.86 mm 9.05 = 0.05 x 500 = 25 mm.> ein Simplified formula of axially loaded column P,=04 fy Ac +067 fy Ae 2175x103 = 0.4 x 20 (5 x 500? = Ae} 963 - BAgy + 278056 a 175 x 10? = 15707 70.05 Asewe — 26630 x 0.925" mos. 2 M, = 2.76 bd? M-20 concrete | [m, ~ [isse2 x10 = Yo76 = \ 1000x276 = 2071S ie D'= 500. mm +. d= 500 — 50 = 450 m 113.92 x 10° 1000 x 450? 0.16% = 0.56