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ENRG 403 Renewable Energy, All Sections Instructor: Dr. Farooq Saeed

Assignment No. 1 Due Date: 27-09-2023

Instructions:
 This assignment is computationally intensive, and problems have a lot of repetitive calculations
therefore all problems must be solved in MATLAB.
 You are required to submit a single M-file (MATLAB script file) with the code for each
question and/or its sub-part in separate cell (i.e. using Cell mode by inserting %% at the start of
each question or its sub-part). Use the “Run Section” command to test the code in each cell. After
completing the entire exercise, use the “Run” button to make sure all parts are working without
error.
 As a final step, use the “Publish” command to convert the work into a report with only the final
answer or plots. Suppress all intermediate results using the semi-colon (;).
 Both hardcopies (in office) and softcopies (M-file via email to fsaeed@iau.edu.sa) must be
submitted by due date 27-9-2023.
 Please use the letter s followed by your student ID for naming your file, e.g. s2xx000xxxx_1.m
The “_1” is to indicate that this is the first assignment.

Problems

Problem 1.5: Calculate the angle of incidence of the beam solar radiation at 1400 (2 PM) solar time
on February 10 at latitude 43.3° on surfaces of the following orientations:
a. Horizontal
b. Sloped to south at 60°
c. Slope of 60°, facing 40° west of south
d. Vertical, facing south
e. Vertical, facing west

Problem 1.8: A concentrating collector is located at 𝜙 = 27° and is rotated about a single axis so as
to always minimize the angle of incidence of beam radiation on it. On April 5, at solar times of 9 AM
and noon, calculate the angle of incidence:

Problem 1.13:
For February 16 (the average day for February from Table 1.6.1) in Pueblo, Colorado, USA:
a. What is the day length and the sunrise hour angle?
b. What is the declination? Is it significantly different at sunrise and sunset?
c. How does theta, the angle of incidence of beam radiation, vary through the day for a surface
sloped to the south as the slope varies? Show plots of theta versus slope.
d. For a collector slope of 60°, show a plot of Rb versus time of day.
e. What is the extraterrestrial radiation on a horizontal surface for this day?
f. How does Io vary through this day?
g. For the hour 10 to 11 AM (solar time), how much of the extraterrestrial horizontal solar radiation
is in a wavelength range of 0.640 to 1.100 μm? Express the result as a fraction of the total and as
energy in watts per square meter.
h. At 10 AM solar time, what is the local clock time?
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Problem 2.6:
For Madison, 43°N, on January 20, the total radiation on a horizontal surface is 8.0 MJ/m2.
a. Estimate the total horizontal radiation for 10 to 11.
b. Estimate the beam and diffuse radiation for 10 to 11.
For a surface sloped 60° to the south:
c. What is Rb for that hour?
d. If all radiation is treated as beam, what is total radiation on the tilted surface IT for that hour?
e. If the diffuse and ground-reflected radiation together are considered to be independent of
orientation, what is IT for that hour?
f. If the diffuse radiation is uniform over sky and ground reflectance is considered, what is IT for
that hour? Let ρg be 0.2 (bare ground) and 0.7 (snow).
g. If the Liu and Jordan model is assumed, with circumsolar diffuse added to the beam radiation,
what is IT for that hour? Let ρg be 0.2 (bare ground) and 0.7 (snow).
h. If the HDKR model is assumed, accounting for circumsolar diffuse and horizon brightening,
what is IT for that hour? Let ρg be 0.2 (bare ground) and 0.7 (snow).

Problem 2.14: Estimate the hourly beam radiation on the aperture of a collector which rotates
continuously about a horizontal north-south axis so as to track the sun. The database is measurements
of normal-incidence radiation measured with a pyrheliometer and integrated over the hour and is
indicated in the table. The latitude is 38° and the date is January 7.
Hour 8–9 9–10 10–11 11–12 12–1 1–2 2–3 3–4
Ibn 0.35 0.70 2.66 3.05 3.30 3.19 1.80 1.42

Problem 2.15:
For Minneapolis (φ = 45°N) in February:
a. The radiation integrated over the hour from 10:00 to 11:00 on February 8 is 1.57 MJ/m2. What is
kT? Estimate Ib and Id for the hour.
b. For February 8, the day’s integrated radiation is 10.80 MJ/m2. What are kT, Hb and Hd?
c. For the month of February, the average daily radiation is 8.67 MJ/m2. What are 𝐾 , 𝐻 and 𝐻 ?