Submitted to.

:
Dr. Shakila Abbas
Submitter by: Ume Habiba
Registration no.: Bsop-fa20-017
Subject: Neuro-opthalmology
Semester:7TH

Assignemt Topic: Types of headache

 Headache
‘’A headache is the pain and discomfort in the
head and facial area due to inflamed and
damaged nerves’’

Mainly classified into

Primary Headache
Occur due to over activity of
pain sensitive structures in
the head
Not the symptom of nay
underlying disease
It is primarily classified into
Secondary Headache
Can be a warning sign of a
more serious underlying
condition
Warning sign of various
underlying disease
There is broad range of
secondary headache

 Tention type headache  Sinus headache

 Migraine  Ice pick headache
 Cluster  Dehydration headache
 Hypnic headache  Hangover headache
 Post traumatic headache
 Thunderclap headache
 Hormonal headache
 Hypertensive headache
Here we discussed these types of headache on
the basis of there
 Location
 Type
 Severity level
 Characteristic
 Time course
 Symptoms
 Management plan

Tention Migraine Cluster Hypnic

Type
Laterality Bilateral Often Unilateral Bilateral
unilateral
Location Band like Pain usually Pain occurs in: Pain occurs
squeezing in on: in:
the: -One or
-One side of both sides
-Head your head, -Eye of head
-Neck but often on -peri orbital that occurs
both sides. during
sleep and
wakes you
up.
Severity Mild - Moderate- Severe Moderate
moderate Severe to severe
level
Characteristic Tightness Throbbing Extreme sharp Dull
and and and stabbing Throbbing
Pressure in pulsating pain. Pulsating
the head. pain. Burning
Stabbing
Time course 30 min- Few hours to 1 to 3 hours on Few
hours and 3 days average. minutes to
sometimes some
 several day. hours.
Symptoms Dull, aching Blurred Severe peri Waking up
pain. vision orbital pain in middle of
Nausea associated night due
Pressure Vomiting with: to:
around Fatigue
forehead Photophobia Nausea Headache
Vomiting Nausea
Difficulty in Sensitivity to Droppy lids Runny eyes
focusing. sound Teary eyes Sensitivity
Nasal- to light and
congestion sound
Restlessness
Scotoma
Metamorphosi
a
Relationship Not Aggravated Depend on Rarely
with routine aggravated by walking severity level if occurs day
activities by physical and other pain is severe time and
activities activities and person is not disturb
like walking disturb daily able to done his daily
life activities activities routine
Seating

Causes -Stress Exact cause is Use of : Exact

-Anxiety unknown but -Alcohol cause is
-Depression includes : -Smoking unknown:
-Drinking -Rapid eye
alcohol movement
-Stress during
-Drinking too sleep
much caffeine -High
-Lack of sleep blood
-Hunger pressure
and low
sugar level

Management Treat Treat Treat risk Caffeine

underlying underlying factors ; intake
causes ; causes : before bed
 -Manage -Reduce Stop alcohol
stress level caffeine intake intake -NSAIDS
-Certain -Regular sleep Oxygen -Aspirin
medications Patterns inhalation -Atenolol
including: -Avoid alcohol -Calcium Belladonna
intake channel -Melatonin
-NSAIDS -Certain blockers
-Aspirin medications -Verapamil
-Paracetamol like Sumatriptan
-Treats -Sumatriptan along with
tention type -rizatriptan zolmitriptan.
headache. Acitaminophe
n
-NSAIDS

Visual
Representati
on

Here we discussed further about the secondary headache.

Ice pick Thunder- Sinus Hormone
headache clap headache headach
headache e
Laterality Bilateral/ unilateral Bilateral/ unilateral
unilateral unilateral
Character -Sharp -Sudden -Pressure -Severe
-Stabbing pain come like a -Deep pain throbbing
clap of pain
thunder
Symptoms -Pain move -Numbness -Pressure -Severe
from front to Weakness around the pulsing
back or back to -Speech eyes headache
front problem Cheeks and Sensitivity
-Single -Nausea forehead by light
 stabbing pain -Vomiting -Pain become -Nausea
or a series of -Seizures stronger on -Fatigue
pain -Confusion moving head -Dizziness
-Runny nose
fever
Time Each stabbing Lasts 60sec – Lasts days or Happen
pain lasts than at least 5 longer right
course 3 seconds minutes before or
during
women’s
menstrual
cycle
Relation No avoidance No avoidance Inhibit daily Effect daily
with of routine of routine tasks routine
routine activities activities
activities
Causes -Idiopathic -Idiopathic -Common cold -
-Caffeine -Rupture -Seasonal Fluctuatio
intake blood vessels allergies n in
-Stress -Brain -Nasal polyps harmone
-Anxiety aneurysms -Deviated level
certain -Vasculitis septum Menopaus
conditions: - e
-Multiple Vasoconstric -Pregnancy
sclerosis tion Oral
-Meningioma contracep
tive pills
Managem Medications -Emergency -Apply warm -Avoid
such as: treatment is compresses stress
ent required -Use
-Gabapentin -Treat decongestant -Snacks to
-NSAID’s underlying to reduce sinus keep your
-Externally causes swelling and blood
hand warming -Lowering allow mucus to sugar level
blood drain up
pressure -Saline nasal -Have a
spray regular
-Use vaporizer sleep
-Pain or inhale pattern
reduction by steam
 using certain -Medicines
medications such as
Surgery to A fast actin
repair triptan
blockage sumatript
an,
rizatriptan
,
zolmitripta
n,
almotripta
n,

Visual
Represent

Some others types of secondary headache are

 Dehydration
 Post traumatic headache
 Hypertension headache
  Hangover headache

Dehydration Post Hypertension Hangover

Headache traumatic headache headache
headache
Literality Unilateral/Bilateral Bilateral bilateral Unilateral

Location Pain all over your Pain in the Pain all over Frequently
head or just one temple the head located in
spot front or back followed by front-
side -Forehead temporal
-Neck area than
-Eyes occipital
-Back of
the head
Severity Mild-severe Mild- Mild-severe Mild-severe
moderate
Characte -Dull ache -Throbbing -Pulsating -Throbbing
r -Sharp -Pulsating Pulsating
pain
Time Few minutes to 3 7 days to Certain hours Few hours to
course hours months to few days one day

Causes Dehydration Pain -High blood -Dehydration

following by followed pressure -Alcohol
certain factors: by: -Pheo- -Metabolic
-Head chromocytom changes
-Diarrhoea trauma a -Chemical
-Vomiting Due to -Malignant or imbalance
-Sweating damage of benign tumour
-Excessive intra and in the adrenal
urination pari cranial gland
tissues -Anxiety
-Due to
damage to
brain
structures
that are
involve in
 pain
processing
Sympto -Extreme thirst -Sensitivity -Pain in both -Fatigue
ms -Dark coloured to light sides of head -Thirst
urine -Sensitivity -Dull ache -Muscle ache
-Fatigue to sound behind the -Nausea
-Dizziness -Fatigue eyes -Stomach
-Dry stichy mouth -Dizziness -Nausea -Pain
-Low blood -Insomnia -Dizziness -Anxiety
pressure -Poor -Blurred vision -Irritability
-Increase heart concentrati -Sensitivity to -Vertigo
rate on light -Sweating
-Anxiety -Sensitivity to
light and
sound

Management -Drink more -Over the -Taking usual -Avoid

water by counter anti- blood alcohol
sipping small inflammatory pressure -Avoid
amount and pain medications dehydration
frequently relieve -Take over by drinking
until medicines the counter liquids
symptoms -Triptans drugs: -Avoid
subside -NSAID’s -Aspirin Tylenol
-Drink
rehydrating
solution
-Rest in cool
environment
-For quick
relieve use
over the
counter
medications
such as
-Ibuprofen
Role of Optometrist
Mainly headache is classified into various types. Mainly the role of
Optometrist is to figure out the symptoms that are related to vision
and guide their patient and referred to further specialist accordingly.