Vibration and Shock of Production

Systems - 01211422

Topic 04 : Systems with More than One Degree

of Freedom

By
Assoc. Prof. Chatchapol Chungchoo
 Degrees-of-freedom of
a mechanical system
• Definition : Degree-of-freedom of a general mechanical system is defined
as the minimum number of independent variables required to describe its
configuration completely.
• The set of variables (dependent or independent) used to describe a system
are termed as the configuration variables.
• For a mechanism, these can be either Cartesian coordinates of certain
points on the mechanism, or the joint angles of the links, or a combination
of both

https://ed.iitm.ac.in/~sandipan/files/degrees_of_freedom.pdf
 Example of 1-DOF

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/258374334_Higher_order_temporal
_finite_element_methods_through_mixed_formalisms/figures?lo=1&utm_so
urce=google&utm_medium=organic
 Examples of 2-DOF

https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10072946/1/postnikov_et_al_final.pdf
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2_dof_vibration_model_with_dam
ping(1200px).gif
 Example of 3-DOF

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/3432309_Effects_of_Operational_F
requency_Scaling_in_Multidegree_of_Freedom_MEMS_Gyroscopes/figures
?lo=1
To see the video clip
 A simplified 2-DOF system

http://mdmv-nitk.vlabs.ac.in/exp7/index.html#
http://mdmv-nitk.vlabs.ac.in/exp7/index.html#
• A simplified two degree of freedom system is shown below. The motion of
the system is completely described by the coordinates and x1(t) and x2(t)
which defines the positions of the masses m1 and m2 at any time t from the
respective equilibrium positions. The external F1(t) and F2(t) respectively.

http://mdmv-nitk.vlabs.ac.in/exp7/index.html#
Free vibration analysis:
For the free-vibration analysis of the system shown above, if we set F1(t) =
F2(t) =0. The equations above reduce to,

Let us assume the solutions for x1 and x2 under steady state conditions as
harmonic excitations with the same frequency and phase angle but with
different amplitudes and are given by,

http://mdmv-nitk.vlabs.ac.in/exp7/index.html#
 By substituting the above solutions in equations of free vibration we have,

=0

Natural frequency of vibration of the system is found by solving these

equations and is given by,

Resonance occurs when the exciting frequency coincides with any one of
the natural frequency of the system.

http://mdmv-nitk.vlabs.ac.in/exp7/index.html#
Forced vibration analysis:
In case of forced-vibration of the simplified 2DOF system shown above,
the system could be excited by either of harmonic forcing functions F1(t) or
F2(t) or both. But for the specific case, we assume the system is excited by
harmonic force F1 (t) = F0 sin ωt. The equation of motion of the two degree
freedom system reduces to,

http://mdmv-nitk.vlabs.ac.in/exp7/index.html#
 When harmonic forcing function acts on the system, the solution consist of
transient part and the steady state part. In steady state part the vibration of
any point in the system take place at the frequency of excitation. Let us
assume , for the steady state , the solution as,

Substituting this in equations of system under forced vibration we get,

http://mdmv-nitk.vlabs.ac.in/exp7/index.html#
 By solving the above equations we get,

and

The above two equations give the steady state amplitude of vibration of
two masses respectively as a function of forcing frequency ω.

http://mdmv-nitk.vlabs.ac.in/exp7/index.html#
Examples
Example 1 : Two-Mass System

Dr. Nhut Ho ME584

Dr. Nhut Ho ME584
Example 2 : Three-Mass System

Dr. Nhut Ho ME584

Dr. Nhut Ho ME584
Example 3 : Solving with MATLAB

Solving Problems in Dynamics and Vibrations Using MATLAB

Solving Problems in Dynamics and Vibrations Using MATLAB
Solving Problems in Dynamics and Vibrations Using MATLAB
Solving Problems in Dynamics and Vibrations Using MATLAB
Solving Problems in Dynamics and Vibrations Using MATLAB
Solving Problems in Dynamics and Vibrations Using MATLAB
Solving Problems in Dynamics and Vibrations Using MATLAB