To calculate the standard deviation for both the sample and population using the

deviation score method, you'll need to follow these steps:

1. Calculate the mean (µ) of the given scores.

2. For each score (X), calculate the deviation from the mean (X - µ).
3. Square each deviation (X - µ)².
4. Sum up all the squared deviations.
5. Divide the sum of squared deviations by either (N) for the population or (N-1)
for the sample, where N is the number of scores.

Here's how to calculate it for both the population and sample:

Population Standard Deviation:

1. Calculate the mean (µ) of the given scores:

µ = (45 + 49 + 54 + 44 + 47 + 57 + 33 + 43 + 29 + 48 + 55 + 52 + 41 + 40 + 38 +
34 + 22) / 17 µ ≈ 43.88 (rounded to 2 decimal points)

2. Calculate the deviation from the mean for each score (X - µ):

Deviation (X - µ): 45 - 43.88 = 1.12 49 - 43.88 = 5.12 54 - 43.88 = 10.12 44 - 43.88 =

0.12 47 - 43.88 = 3.12 57 - 43.88 = 13.12 33 - 43.88 = -10.88 43 - 43.88 = -0.88 29 -
43.88 = -14.88 48 - 43.88 = 4.12 55 - 43.88 = 11.12 52 - 43.88 = 8.12 41 - 43.88 = -
2.88 40 - 43.88 = -3.88 38 - 43.88 = -5.88 34 - 43.88 = -9.88 22 - 43.88 = -21.88

3. Square each deviation (X - µ)²:

(1.12)² = 1.2544 (5.12)² = 26.2144 (10.12)² = 102.4144 (0.12)² = 0.0144 (3.12)² =

9.7344 (13.12)² = 171.4944 (-10.88)² = 118.2144 (-0.88)² = 0.7744 (-14.88)² =
221.0944 (4.12)² = 16.9744 (11.12)² = 123.4944 (8.12)² = 66.0544 (-2.88)² = 8.2944 (-
3.88)² = 15.0544 (-5.88)² = 34.5344 (-9.88)² = 97.6944 (-21.88)² = 477.8144

4. Sum up all the squared deviations:

Σ(X - µ)² = 1.2544 + 26.2144 + 102.4144 + 0.0144 + 9.7344 + 171.4944 + 118.2144 +

0.7744 + 221.0944 + 16.9744 + 123.4944 + 66.0544 + 8.2944 + 15.0544 + 34.5344 +
97.6944 + 477.8144 Σ(X - µ)² ≈ 1312.26 (rounded to 2 decimal points)

5. Divide the sum of squared deviations by the total number of scores (N) for the
population:
Population Standard Deviation = √[Σ(X - µ)² / N] Population Standard Deviation ≈
√[1312.26 / 17] Population Standard Deviation ≈ √77.19 Population Standard
Deviation ≈ 8.78 (rounded to 2 decimal points)

Sample Standard Deviation: To calculate the sample standard deviation, you use the
same steps, but you divide the sum of squared deviations by (N-1) instead of N:

Sample Standard Deviation = √[Σ(X - µ)² / (N-1)] Sample Standard Deviation ≈

√[1312.26 / (17-1)] Sample Standard Deviation ≈ √[1312.26 / 16] Sample Standard
Deviation ≈ √82.02 Sample Standard Deviation ≈ 9.05 (rounded to 2 decimal points)

So, the population standard deviation is approximately 8.78, and the sample
standard deviation is approximately 9.05, both rounded to 2 decimal points.