BED 20

DRUG STUDY #1

CARVEDILOL

Name of Drug Classifica Mechanism Indication Contraindi Adverse Nursing responsibilities

tion of action cation effect
Generic Name: General These drugs Hypertension Hypersensi NS: Before
Carvedilol Classifica inhibit the , alone or tivity to headache, • Assess for the mentioned
tion movement of with other severe dizziness, contraindications to this drug (e.g.
Trade Name: Alpha and calcium ions oral drugs chronic light-headedn headache, rash, bradycardia, etc.).
Coreg Beta across Treatment for heart ess, fatigue • Monitor cardiopulmonary status
adrenergic myocardial CHF failure,bron closely as the drug can cause severe
Patient’s Dose blockers and chial CV: effects on these two body systems
6.25 MG 1 TAB arterial Patient’s asthma or hypotension,
BID Function muscle cell Indication: related bradycardia, During
Maximum al membranes. Hypertension bronchospa peripheral • Educate patient on the importance of
Dose: Classifica As a result, stic edema, heart healthy lifestyle choices which
13.5 g tion: action conditions, block include regular exercise, weight loss,
Antihyper potential of severe smoking cessation, and low sodium
Minimum tensive these cells hepatic GI: nausea, diet .
Dose: are altered impairment hepatic • Monitor blood pressure and heart
2.25 g and cell injury rate and rhythm.
contractions • Provide comfort measures for the
are blocked EENT: rash, patient to tolerate side effects (e.g.
skin flushing small frequent meals for nausea,
limiting noise and controlling room
light and temperature to prevent
After
• Monitor patient response to therapy
through blood pressure monitoring.
• Monitor for presence of mentioned
 adverse effects.
• Monitor for effectiveness of comfort
measures.
• Monitor for compliance to drug
therapy regimen.
• Monitor laboratory tests

References
BOOKS
Karch, A. M. (2020). Focus on nursing pharmacology. Seventh edition. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer
Nursing 2020 Drug Handbook (Vol. 1). (2020). Wolters Kluwer Health.
BED 20

DRUG STUDY # 2

ATORVASTATIN

Name of Classification Mechanis Indication Contraindicat Adverse Nursing Responsibilities

Drug m of ion Reaction
Action
Generic General atorvastati General Atorvastatin is Nasophary Before:
Name Classification n is a Indications contraindicated ngitis; -Conduct thorough physical
Atorvastati HMG-CoA selective, Adjunct to diet in patients who hyperglyc assessment before beginning drug
n Reductase competitiv for the treatment have: emia; therapy.
Inhibitors e inhibitor of patients w/ Hypersensitivit pharyngol -Assess closely patient’s heart rate
Trade Functional of elevated total y to any aryngeal and blood pressure
Name Classification HMG-CoA cholesterol component of pain, During:
Lipitor Lipid reductase, (total-C), LDL this epistaxis; -Administer drug at bedtime to
Lowering the cholesterol medication, diarrhea, maximize effectiveness of the drug
Patient`s Agents rate-limitin (LDL-C), such as, dyspepsia, because peak of cholesterol
Dose g enzyme apolipoprotein B atorvastatin nausea, synthesis is from midnight to 5
40 mg 1 tab that (apo B), & calcium, flatulence; AM.
converts triglycerides calcium arthralgia, -Provide patient support.
OD PO
HMG-Co- (TG). carbonate, pain in -Educate the patient and SO
Maximum A to Patient’s microcrystallin extremity, including the drug name and
Dose mevalonat Indication: e cellulose, musculosk prescribed dosage; the importance
270mg e, a For lactose eletal of taking the drug whole without
precursor hyperlipidemia monohydrate, pain, opening, chewing, or crushing it;
Minimum of sterols, croscarmellose muscle signs and symptoms of possible
Dose including sodium, spasms, adverse effects and measures to
40mg cholesterol polysorbate 80, myalgia, minimize or prevent them.
hydroxypropyl joint
swelling;
 abnormal
liver
function After
test, -Monitor patient response to
increased therapy as evidenced by normal
blood serum cholesterol and LDL levels,
creatine absence of first MI, and slowing of
phospokin CAD progression.
ase Monitor patient compliance to drug
therapy.

References
BOOKS
Karch, A. M. (2020). Focus on nursing pharmacology. Seventh edition. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer
Nursing 2020 Drug Handbook (Vol. 1). (2020). Wolters Kluwer Health.
BED 20

DRUG STUDY # 3

LACTULOSE

Name of ClassificationMechanis Indication Contraindicat Adverse Nursing Responsibilities

Drug m of ion Reaction
Action
Generic General Bulk Short-term Bulk laxatives The Before:
Name Classification stimulants treatment for are adverse -Conduct thorough physical
POTASSIU Laxatives increase constipation , contraindicated effects assessment before beginning drug
M Functional the alternative with allergy to most therapy.
CHLORID Classification motility of choice for any component commonly Assess for possible
E Bulk the GI tract patients with of the drug to associated contraindications or cautions.
Stimulants by cardiovascular prevent with bulk During:
Trade increasing disorders hypersensitivit laxatives -Administer bulk laxatives with
Name the fluid in Patient’s y reactions and are GI plenty of water.
Kaligen the Indication: in acute effects -Monitor bowel function to evaluate
intestinal For treatment of abdominal such as drug effectiveness
Patient`s contents, constipation disorders. diarrhea, -Provide patient support.
Dose which Laxatives abdominal -Educate the patient and SO
30 cc TID enlarges should be used cramping including the drug name and
bulk,stimul with caution in and prescribed dosage; the importance
hold once
ates local the heart nausea. of taking the drug whole without
BM >3 stretch block,CAD CNS opening, chewing, or crushing it;
receptors, and effects signs and symptoms of possible
Maximum
and debilitation, including adverse effects and measures to
Dose
activates which could be dizziness, minimize or prevent them.
270mg
local affected by the headaches,
activity. decrease in and
Minimum
Lactulose absorption and weakness,
 Dose is a saltless changes in are not
40mg osmotic electrolyte uncommo
laxative levels that can n and may After
that pulls occur relate to -Monitor patient response to the
fluid out of loss of drug as evidenced by relief of GI
the venous fluid and symptoms, absence of straining,
system and electrolyte evacuation of GI tract
into the imbalance -Monitor for adverse effects such as
lumen of s that may dizziness,confusion,GI alterations,
the small accompan sweating, electrolyte imbalance
intestine y laxative -Monitor the effectiveness of
use. comfort measures and compliance
with the regimen

References
BOOKS
Karch, A. M. (2020). Focus on nursing pharmacology. Seventh edition. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer
Nursing 2020 Drug Handbook (Vol. 1). (2020). Wolters Kluwer Health.
BED 20
DRUG STUDY # 4
POTASSIUM CHLORIDE

Name of Classification
Mechanis Indication Contraindicat Adverse Nursing Responsibilities
Drug m of ion Reaction
Action
Generic General Maintain Prevention and Contraindicate The Before:
Name Classification acid-base correction of d in patients adverse -Conduct thorough physical
POTASSIU Electrolytes/s balance,iso potassium hypersensitive effects assessment before beginning drug
M upplements tonicity deficiency to potassium most therapy.
CHLORID Functional and -to prevent chloride or commonly -Assess for signs and symptoms of
E Classification electrophy Hypokalemia components of associated hypokalemia (weakness, fatigue,
Minerals and siologic -Hypokalemia the with Uwave on ECG,
Trade Electrolytes balance -Severe formulation, in potassium arrhythmias,polyuria, polydipsia)
Name of the Hypokalemia patients with chloride and hyperkalemia
Kaligen cell. Patient’s renal failure, are CNS: During:
Activator Indication: and in those Confusion During treatment , it is necessary to
Patient`s in many For treatment of with ,restlessne control blood pressure, electrolytes
Dose enzymatic potassium conditions in ss,weakne and glucose in the blood serum,
30 cc TID reactions; depletion which ss or liver and kidney function.
essential to potassium heaviness
hold once
transmissio retention id of limbs, After
BM >3 n of present- Use flaccid During treatment with Diumide-K
nerve cautiously in paralysis,p (Furosemide) it is necessary to
Maximum control blood pressure,
impulses; patients with aresthesia
Dose electrolytes and glucose in the
contraction cardiac of
270mg blood serum, liver and kidney
of cardiac, disease, renal limbs,listl function.
skeletal, impairment, essness
Minimum
and and acid base CV:
Dose
smooth disorders Arrhythmi Monitor any signs of adverse
40mg muscle; as, effects
gastric cardiac
secretion; arrest,
renal heart
function; block,
tissue ECG
synthesis; changes,
and hypotensi
carbohydra on,postinf
te usion
metabolis phlebitis
m. GI:
Abdomina
l pain,
diarrhea,fl
atulence,
nausea,
vomiting,
GI
ulceration,
stenotic
lesions.
METABO
LIC:
Hyperkale
mia
RESPIRA
TORY:
respiratory
paralysis
SKIN:
Injection
site-reacti
 ons

References
BOOKS
Karch, A. M. (2020). Focus on nursing pharmacology. Seventh edition. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer
Nursing 2020 Drug Handbook (Vol. 1). (2020). Wolters Kluwer Health
BED 20
DRUG STUDY #5
MACROLIDES

Name of Classification Mechanis Indication Contraindicat Adverse Nursing Responsibilities

Drug m of ion Reaction
Action
Generic General Macrolides Macrolides are a Contraindicate CNS: Before:
Name Classification are class of d with allergy Reversible -Conduct thorough physical
MAC Macrolides antibiotics. antibiotic that to any hearing assessment before beginning drug
Functional They are includes macrolide loss, therapy.
Trade Classification bacteriosta erythromycin, antibiotic. confusion, -Assess site of infection, skin color,
Name Macrolides tic or roxithromycin, Used uncontroll lesions, orientation, affect, hearing
bactericida azithromycin cautiously with able tests, adventitious sounds, Gi
Patient`s l in and hepatic emotions output, bowel sounds, culture and
Dose susceptible clarithromycin. dysfunction or Dermatolo sensitivity tests of infection,
600 mg 1 bacteria;th They are useful lactation. gic: urinalysis and liver function test
ey bind to in treating Edema, -Assess for signs and symptoms of
tab BID
cell respiratory, skin, uticaria,de hypokalemia (weakness, fatigue,
mix 1 tab in membrane soft tissue, rmatitis Uwave on ECG,
s and sexually Gi:abdomi arrhythmias,polyuria, polydipsia)
½ glass of
cause transmitted, H. nal and hyperkalemia
water changes in pylori and cramping, During:
protein atypical anorexia,d -Administer medication with a full
Maximum
function, mycobacterial iarrhea, glass of water
Dose
leading to infections. vomiting,p -Establish safety measures if CNS
270mg
bacterial Macrolides seudomem changes occur
cell death. share a similar branous After
Minimum
spectrum of colitis -Monitor for side effects of the
Dose
antimicrobial Other: medication such as stomach
40mg
activity with superinfec cramping,discomfort
 benzylpenicillin tions -Instruct to Report severe or watery
making them diarrhea, severe nausea or
useful vomiting,dark urine,yellowing of
alternatives for the skin or eyes,loss of hearing,
people with a skin rash or itching
history of
penicillin (and
cephalosporin)
allergy. Bacteria
often display
cross-resistance
between the
macrolides.

Patient’s
Indication:
For treatment of
skin infection/
non healing
wound

Karch, A. M. (2006). Nursing Drug Guide. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.

BED 19

KETOANALOGUE

Name of ClassificationMechanis Indication Contraindicat Adverse Nursing Responsibilities

Drug m of ion Reaction
Action
Generic General Ketoanalo Ketoanalogues Hypercalc Before:
Name Classification gues are used for emia may -Conduct thorough physical
Ketoanalog Supplements prevent prevention and Hypersensitivit develop assessment before beginning drug
ue Functional unnecessar therapy of y to the active therapy.
Trade Classification y increase damages due to substances of -Assess electrolyte levels
Name Supplements in urea faulty or ketoanalogues -Explain therapeutic value of drug
Ketosteril levels in deficient protein or to any of its -caution patient with different side
Patient`s the blood metabolism in ingredients • effects
Dose due to the chronic renal Hypercalcemia -Assess vital signs
1 tab TID intake of insufficiency in Disturbed During:
non-essenti connection with amino acids -Verify patient’s identity
PO
al amino limited protein metabolism -Administer with food to prevent
Maximum acids in in food of 40 g GI upset
Dose patients per day (for -Administer drug at right time,
8 tabs TID with adults), i.e., route, and dosage
kidney generally in -advice to swallow the tablet whole
Minimum failure. It patients with a - Monitor Vital signs
Dose allows the glomerular After
1 tab TID intake of filtration (GFR) -Monitor for side effects of the
essential below medication such as stomach
amino 25mL/min. It is cramping,discomfort
acids while also used in the -Instruct to report immediately if
minimizin treatment of symptoms of hypercalcemia occurs
g the diabetic like muscle weakness and
amino-nitr nephropathy for constipation
ogen slowing down -Monitor vital signs especially
 intake. the progression cardiac changes
Following of kidney
ingestion, failure.
the
ketoanalog Patient’s
ues are Indication:
transmitted For treatment of
by taking diabetic
nitrogen nephropathy for
from slowing down
non-essenti the progression
al amino of kidney failure
acids,
thereby
decreasing
the
formation
of urea
re-using
the
amino-gro
up.
Karch, A. M. (2006). Nursing Drug Guide. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.