CHAPTER 2 CORDILLERA ADMINISTRATIVE REGION objectives: At the end ofthis chapter, the student shall be able to Know the area and location of CAR «Know the geographical characteristics of the Provinces of CAR «Know the different tourist destinations, gastronomic f ; Condlein Admintrative Region mic features, geographic profile of each Provinces in the area and ee sion has an area of 18,294 square kilometers. Ibis bounded on the northeast by Cagayan Province, on the south by Pangasinan and Nueva Vizeaya; on the east by Isabela; and on the west by Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, and La Union. Geographic Profile. The region is predominantly mountainous, climate is dry from November to April and rainy for the rest of ‘The weather is cool throughout the year, with towering peaks, plateaus, and valleys. The the year. The weather is cool throughout the year. especially in the months from November to February, People. The mountains of the Cordillera are home to the hardy people who had resisted the two most protracted petiods of colonization in Philippine History-the seven major ethnolinguistic tribes of the North (Ibaloi, Kankanay, Bontoc, Kalinga, Ifugao, Itneg, and Tingguian). In their mountain fastnesses, these people still practice the age-old at of terracing the rice fields and have preserved important indigenous cultural forms and traditions despite increasing contact with lowland and urban cultures. As of 2007, CR had a population of 1,520,743. Political Profile. The region is composed of six provinces: Abra, Apayao, Benguet, Ifugao, Kalinga, and Mountain Province. Baguio City, the Summer Capital of the Philippines, is located in Benguet. How to Get There. The Cordillera Administrative Region is accessible by land and by air. However, due to its mountainous landscape, transportation between and provinces, municipalities, and barangays could be difficult. The region can be entered from the west through the Ilocos Region via Kennon Road, Marcos Highway, Naguilian Road. From the east, it can be reached via Tuguegarao in Cagayan Province. Ifugao is accessible via Nueva Vizcaya through the municipality of Bagabag, Abra Capital: Bangued Area and Location. Abra occupies the western portion of the Cordillera Region and has a total land area of 3.977.76 square kilometers. It is bounded by Iocos Norte and Apayao on the North, Ilocos Sur on the south, Mountain Province and Kalinga on the east, and Ilocos Sur on the west. Geographic Profile. The towering mountains of the Ilocos and Cordilleras provide a natural barrier on both the caste and westem sides of this landlocked province. Its rugged terrain of mountains and hills rolling towards Mocos Sur is broken by flatlands near the Abra Valley and alongside the Abra River flowing northward from the Mountain Province. Political Profile, Abra was created as a politico-military province in 1846, before which it was part of the old locos Province and later the Ilocos Sur when Ilocos Sur Region was divided into two provinces in 1818. With the issuance » of Executive Order No. 220 in July 1987 by President Corazon C. Aquino, Abra became one of the provinces in the Aq, PHILIPPINE CULTURE AND TOURISM GEOGRAPHYGastronomy Kinilaw Na Kambing For this dish, the preferred goat to be butchered is a i This is n young native goat. This is so because the meat is tend according to some foodie experts, native goats have that distinct taste. sm Crispy Dinuguan Crispy Dinuguan is prepared by first boiling the intestines of the pig or goat to be used for the dish. This is to prepare the dish for deep frying later on. Dinengdeng, Abraw or Inabraw inengdeng is a popular regional dish among the people of Norther Luzon especially the Hocanos, This is simple food present on almost every dining table in the region. This isa dish that can easily be prepared, and the ingredients are not hard to find as they are present in the backyards of almost every home. Deep Fried Tapang Igat This mouth-watering dish is called Deep Fried Tapang Igat. This is consid price of the eel. The tapa is expensive because it comes from the vpland riv communities who catch the eels are far away, they are preserved as tapa or dried then fered a delicacy because of the rarity and fers of the province. As the upland ‘brought down to be sold in the lowlands. ‘TOURIST ATTRACTIONS ‘Name and Location Description ‘Abra National Museum This museum howe: a collection of coins and paper money as well as a large Tayum collection of Philippine gold artifacts and prehistoric pottery. ‘Abra River Originating from the Cordillera Mountains and flowing down to Tlooos Sur, Abra Large part of the province of | River is an ideal place for swimming and fishing It serves as the converging point Abra of ll the rivers and streams in the nearby provinces and is one of the largest in the area. ‘Bangued Church Consiracted in 1722, its one of the oldest churches in the area showcasing the Bangued craftsmanship of the people who originally built it and of those who had rebuilt over the years. Taina Silang Monument | The monument was built o commemorate Gabriela Silang, who led the Hocano Pidigan resistance against the Spaniards in 1763 after the death of her husband Diego Silang. Today, her monument stands at the town plaza of Pidigan to remind ‘heroism of people who fought for the freedom of the country. Kimkimay Lake Tegend says that beneath this lake lies a village that Taquib, Villaviciosa was sunk by the gods as punishment for is inhabitants. The lake is a favorite among pienickers and is an ideal place for swimming and fishing, everyone of the Tibtee, Underground River _ | Believed to be inhabited by mysterious water creatures, this river's Tocated inside Libtec, Dolires a.cave surrounded by extruding stalagmites, making it both beautiful and eeri¢. Provincial Capitol TR three-story building housing the provincial goverment, the capital is situated | Bangued in a cool atmosphere surrounded by trees. Nearby is the Provincial Libraty 2 Y PHILIPPINE CULTURE AND TOURISM GEOGRAPHY i i eeea, ‘ota Tinned Tile AO.anok wait lahat sis ng thw Abaca Bal al Fpl MMU Hh previa, oO ional Bowl i sant a (oaininia hana! bean lune net 018 6 popmlr ata ADV MythOlany, ty Mh bandon want Anais whe i Mies Ma, wh ‘Adan’ toga Ban Qty Jal op, tn varyrcan Ue, Yh 6 15 mote ee INNGLY eno ave fom one, 9 meters wide, and 10 Hh a isting, Ayn ‘chyplt Cannes Avon and Loentton, The pravings of Apmyino iw fe : s 18 LOGHIGA AL the ny wt the east of the provinue of Counyan, dat thie ay Tero Hp Of the Javon maintand, Itis bounded i On the we Han! aro 302700 hota ahont ia Hal by owas Nong 4nd Abi, and on the sonuth by Kalinga total orn Adininistrative Region (CAR), Gooawnplte Profile, The provingy in divided j by towering peak platoaus, and Intormittont h a fo rolling mountains and platens, Poltdenl Profile, Apayno wan formerly 1998, Republic Act No, 7478 authored by Consrossmn wn converting the provinog of Kallagne A payay n MO (WO pas, Upper Apayn hy Hadlow, Lowor Apnyno, on ths ott ‘MOUNTAINOUS Kerrain characterized Wor hand, i generally flattands with Gaxtronomy Aside fom the magnilleent wo nilors, Apayao ali brags about its rich cul ¢ ae sia 8 about its rich culinary tradition, Some of the ‘Sinursur is a native course cooked ina young bamboo shoot, Pinikpikan, « soup dish which consists of burned chicken mixed with olng, Zinagan, thoir version of dinuguan, Pinaltit, is an appotizer consisting of' ground pork cooked with coconut milk and garnished with plenty of chili powder and then strips of pomelo leaves * Sngkot isa nativo's bagoong (fish sauce) made from a fish called Palilang, TOURIST ATTRACTIONS Name and location Description a delaminaied forestland straddling the Hooos Norie-Apayao boundary, $ facilities but is ideal for hiking, camping, Agamata “National Park and | Thi Wildlite Sanctuary It is a natural site with no tourist Calanasan nature tripping, and bird watching Apayao River Highly rogarded by the locals as unpolluted and pristine, the peace river Large Parts of Apayao traverses six Apayao municipalities and can be navigated by motorboat Wildlife and fishes populate their banks. The highest peak in Apayao, it offers lush greenery and scenic sights along its slopes. It isa good site for camping, nature tripping, and mountaineering, Mount Solo Pudtol . PHILIPPINE CULTURE AND TOURISM GEOGRAPHYFBT PE Benguet Capital: La Trinidad Area and Location, Benguet lies in the southernmost section of the Cordilleras, It is bounded by Pangasinan on the south, on the east by Ifugao and Nueva Vizcaya, on the north by mountain province and on the west, by La Union and Hocos Sur, the province has an area of 260 648 hectares. Geoeraphic Profile, Benguet, like all Cordillera provinces, has rugged mountainous terrain and is insulated from both the lowlands and the seas. Folitical Profile The province comprises one congressional district, two provincial board district, thirteen ‘municipalities, and one hundred forty barangays. Gastronomy * Pinikpikan - a bloodied chicken dish prepared in the caiao ritual * Pinopeg—"Tbaloi blood sausage” * Pinuneg -"Tgorot blood sausage made of ground pork, pig's blood, and herbs and spices stuffed inside pig intestines, dried for three days, and then smoked for another three days before cooking" cf. Pinopeg + Bisg, Ilag or Inasin - "air-dried salted pork, boiled with Pinikpikan to make a bracing cafiao ritual food" + Watwat - Igorot boiled earabeef and pork Xniing - in Kapangan, "a smoked version ofthe salt-cured meat ctag" £ Kimuday - traditional Igorot smoked pork that’s different from etag * Kinuday with tongsoy - Igorot broth of smoked pork and watercress * Diket turon - a triple treat of saba, camote, and glutinous rice, © Red Benguet rice suman ¢ Sadkik- “hoteake topped with margarine, peanut butter, honey, condensed milk or Chocaut © Mountain Coffee TOURIST ATTRACTIONS ‘Name and Location Description Baguio Cathedral One of the many religious landmarks that dot the city, We pinkish you rise above the Baguio skyline, Balatoc Mines This old mine eyst operation when the minerals in the area were depleted. The site, Balatoc, Itogon complete with the still-functioning equipment, was transformed into a tourist destination that offers visitors a chance to go deep inside the mine tunnels. Bumham Park Named after the city’s master planner Daniel Bumham, this park is the tradilional Baguio City being of the city’s numerous festive. Its man-made lagoon is usually filled with boating excursionists bikers, Promenaders, and skaters delight in the park's wide area ne John Hay Formerly the rest and the recreation Center of the united states armed forces in the iguio City Philippines, Camp John Hay was tumed over to the Filipinos when the Americans TEE Jeft the country in the early 90s. Ithas Since been renamed Club John Hay ae Depart is now known as a shopper's haven, whereMt Pulag Mi Pulag is the highest mn ain Pein lterally walk beyond the ecg in Az Reaching more Than 9600 Teo one cam themomry fore idle clon sting features ofthe mountain are the lake, dwarf bamboos at th Peake area, OM AM the wide expanse of grassland made of al Museum The main f ion Well-proserna oth Parcular museums Soa Be i tion of Ibaloi artcrafts, including , unlike the mummies in Egypt that red Bauza and are laid out in a stright sean Li . . raight Position, are garbe i it i clothing and axe in sitting in salingregiiee garbed only in their traditional ‘The Philippine Miltary Academy a the panier {raining for young Filipinos who want to excel ina mallitary careet. Aside fiom its interesting military. Oriented structures, it also houses important relics such 8 cultural artifacts of the Cordilleras Philippine Military ‘Academy Museum Loskan, Baguio City Geographic Profile. Ifugao, the home of the famo us Banaue Rice Terraces, has a landscape dominated by , 200 meters. The Ifugaos, who live on its slopes, where there is Political Profile. Ifugao is politically divided info 11 municipalities and 175 barangays with the municipality of Lagawe as its capital. Gastronomy: * Pinikpikan- a famous dish served in the Cordilleas of alive beaten chicken. Its usualy salty in taste and mixed with other vegetables such as cabbage. Usually served with rice and itis eaten on a banana leat * tag: salted pork served on special occasions. Just like Pinikpikan, it can be served with mixed greens/vegetables. Sometimes, itis spiced a PHILIPPINE CULTURE AND TOURISM GEOGRAPHY‘ity of Tabuk as its capital. TOURIST ATTRACTIONS ‘Name and Location Description Banaue Rice Terraces Banaue is one of the famous well-known areas in the Philippines pamariy Bansue because of the numerous rice terraces that were carved on the mountain slopes by the Igorots as far back as 3,000 years ago, Itis said that these steps seem to reach up to the heavens. When linked, the steps would reach about halfway around the globe. Aside from the rice terraces, one may also appreciate the culture of the Ifugaos, which has remained intact after so many years of contract with cultes. ‘Bangaan Village This village, which seems to be located inside Banaue the huge bowl, offers a panoramic view of the rice terraces. Batad Village This is another good place from which fo view the rice ferraces, which here are Banaue formed like seats in the amphitheater. Hapao Village ‘Affords some of the oldest rice terraces in the area, as well as a view of some of | Hungduan the most scenic landscapes Million Dollar Fill ‘A/ill named during World War II when the Allied armies spent millions of Kiangan dollars worth of bombs and ammunition to annihilate the enemies in the area, Mount Amuyao Rising 2, 700 meters above sea level. Mount Amuyao is the 8® highest peak in Between the boundary of'| the Philippines. Its summit provides a breathtaking panorama of Mountain Banaue and Mayoyao Province, Isabela, Nueva Ecija, and Ifugao. ‘Mount Anapowon Considered as the best camping site in the province this peak provides a Centrally located in Ifugao panoramic view of the Hungduan municipality and the low-lying municipalities of Lagawe and Kiangan as well as the rice terraces of Hingyon Mount Napulawan This site with its thick tropical rain forest and its rare flora is a deal for Hungduan mountaineering. Kalinga Capital: Tabuk Area and Location. Kalinga has a total land area of 3, 120 square kilometers. It is bounded on the north by Apayso, on the east by the Cagayan Valley, on the West by Abra, and on the south by Mountain Province. ‘Geographic Profile. Although is largely rugged and mountainous, a large portion of the province is open grassland [suitable for pasture. It also has pine tree forests higher up in the west. Political Profile, Kalinga is politically divided into 7 municipalities, 1 component city, and 152 barangays with the , One vegetable dish that particularly loved was Kalinga's "binungor". It is a mix of string beans, bitter gourd, eggplant, young jackfruit, kidney beans & bamboo shoots all medium-boiled in coconut milk 16 scrapit PHILIPPINE CULTURE AND TOURISM GEOGRAP! ———MS ee TOURIST ATTRACTIONS ‘Name and Location [Balbalasang balabalan National Park [Balbalan______ Dam 5 Cie, Tebuke Constructed by the National Tnigation Calanasan Administration, it is supposed to be one of the largest in Asia Vabilong Weavers’ Village Labuagan ‘Mount Vinaratan Legend says that Kabunyan the Te F "gendary God of the Kqlingas hunted in the Decal, Southeast of Tanudan | mountain range. He could nor hear the barking of his hinting fog because of the : deafening song of the birds Mt Mating oy Dinayao n nountain range which separates the two muniolpaliieg oF Tinglayan and Tinglayan and tanudan Tanufan is said to be shaped like a woman's body stretched out facing the sky. ‘Naneng Catholic Church ‘This church is one of the oldest churches in the Cordilleras known for its ‘Tebuk beautiful architecture. Today it serves as a retirement hemes fe: local priests Padcharao Lake Rising pproximately 1800 to 2000 meters above sea lev Pasil is Pasil dialect, which abounds in the lake, Pasil Natural Dam Formed afer the mountainside eroded numerous years ago Tis alsa cal TOP Dangtalan Pasil boating and picnicking during the summer months Rice terraces ‘These are best viewed fiom the National highway road where one Gan aso geta Tulgso East Tinglayan Spravling view of the different barangays of Tinglayan Ulalim Festival “This annual celebration showoases the cultural dances and Customary Wadions Kalinga of the Kalinga folk. Mountain Province Capital: Bontoc Area and Location. Covering an area of about 2096 square kilometers Mountain province is landlocked area in ‘he central Cordillera in Norther Luzon. Its bounded on the north by Kalinga and Apayao on the east by Isabela, on the west by Ilocos Sur, and the south by Kalinga and Benguet, Geographic Profile. The province rough terrain is characterized by very steep to nearly level slopes and deep ravines as well as high mountain ranges with limited terraces and flood plains. Elevation ranges from 500 meters in Saclit Sadanga to as high as2749 m¢ eters at the top of Mt Kalawitan in Sabangan. The high rice terraces are located in Bontoc and Sabangan along the Chico River and its tubutuaries, Political Profil. On June 18, 1966, the sub-province of Bontoc became a full-fledged province that retained the name "Mountain Province". Under the new Constitution which was proclaimed on February 11, 1987, Mountain Province constituted a lone congressional district and elected its member to the restored House of Representatives Starting that same year. The Mt. Province has 10 municipalities and a total number of 144 barangays. ng PHILIPPINE CULTURE AND TOURISM GEOGRAPHY.Gastronomy Etag is salt-cured pork Pinikpikan is a bloodied chicken ritual (for canao) soup Safeng is a cassava sauerkraut Tapey is a Philippine rice wine : : ; * Tsu-om, Du-om it is a pinipig version using hand-picked young rice * Cinafa'y feclat is a "roast snake using leaves found only in Cordillera" Heirloom rice biko is made of mountain violet sticky rice called ominio ‘+ Cinafa'y fanias is a "roast monitor lizard using leaves found only in Cordillera” * Kinidlo'y makan, Kinidlo (Bontoc), Kinal-oy, Kinaley (Kankana-cy) is a rice with a touch of sweet potato PHILIPPINE CU, TURE AND TOURISM GE + Arabica coffee TOURIST ATTRACTIONS ‘Name and Location Description : g “i Agricultural Stone | This calendar is made of two huge rocks situated side by side leaving a crevice at the Calendar middle where the rays of the sun pass through only once a year. This event heralds Gueday Besao the start of planting season and is celebrated by the local folk. : ‘Alab Petroglyph A huge rock with Bows and arrows and human beings etched on ils surface The Alab, Bontoc Ciching of human beings is believed to be images of warriors buried in the Ganga (Cave at the foot of the mountain where the rock stands. Besao Sunset, Besao A spectacular view ofthe sunset with ils warm glowing rays Bonioe Village Museum — This Maseum houres various ancient anats and olher indigenous items Bontoc Hanging Coffins ‘The people of Sagada have a unique tradition, Instead of burying their departed Sagada, Mountain | family members their coffins which are usually made of pine tsi are hung in cliff Province sides Lomiyang Cave A big cave where piles of coffins ofthe town's ancestors are Kept. ] Sagada ‘Mabalotbot Oil Lake A magnificent Take whose waters shimmer especially on starry nights, ‘The | Mabalotbot,Paracelis | shimmering effet is believed to be caused by a pool of oil coming out of the lake itself “Mainit Hot Springs One ofthe outstanding natural attractions in Bontow renowned for its warm waters Mainit, Bontoc Pagan God Footprints, [Ta Bontog, hae Ba large stone with footprints Believe to be What of Lamauig, the Palikut Aso Bontoc Pagan god of the Igorots. Nearby is a stone resembling a sleeping dog. a ae Cave eS Sumaging, or Big Cave, is a major tourist attraction in the area, Itis a large cave uuntain oe save nt CaPlore withthe aid of local guides. Coldwater flows in many 2 a ed a os of the cave 0 one should expect to get wet during this great adventure. belaieeen = eek, Ping quarters for the folks and the aie teenagers ae ae for traditional rites and village cultural affairs. Usually built with gon grass as roofing and stones as walls, A magnificent lak; > = shimmering effet ee Waters shimmer, especially on starry nights. The to be caused by a pool of oil coming out of the lake _|