1.

4 – Standard and Factored Form

By the end of the day, I will be able to:

q Identify the key features of a parabola given an equation in standard or factored form
q Graph a parabola given an equation in standard or factored form

Warm Up
Each of the following equations represents the same quadratic function (seen in the graph). What
connections can you make between the graph and each equation?

Equation Connections between equation and graph

2
f ( x )=−( x+2 ) +9

f ( x )=−( x +5)(x−1)

f ( x )=−x2−4 x +5
Lesson: Standard and Factored Form
From standard form y=a x2 +bx +c , two key features can be identified automatically.
1) The direction of opening

2) The y -intercept

The vertex can also be found in a few quick steps:

1) Finding the axis of symmetry ( x -value of the vertex)

2) Finding the optimal value ( y -value of the vertex)

Example 1: Graph f ( x )=2 x 2−8 x +5, clearly showing three points.

From factored form y=a ( x−r ) (x−s), two key features can be identified automatically.
1) The direction of opening

2) The x -intercept(s)

The vertex can also be found in a few quick steps:

1) Finding the axis of symmetry ( x -value of the vertex)

2) Finding the optimal value ( y -value of the vertex)

−1
Example 2: Graph f ( x )= ( x+ 4)(x −2), clearly showing three points.
2
Example 3: Match each graph with the corresponding equation.

A B

C D

E F

2 2
1 f ( x )=−( x−4 ) + 4 2 y=x −4
2
1 1
3 y= (x−2)(x−6) 4 h ( x )= ( x−1 )
3 2
2 2
5 g ( x )=3 x +2 x−1 6 f ( x )=−x +2 x+ 6
Real-Life Applications:

1. A rectangle has dimensions 3 x and 5−2 x .

a) Write down an equation for the area of the rectangle.
b) What value of x gives the maximum area?
c) What is the maximum area of the rectangle?

2. The fuel consumption for a vehicle is related to the speed at which it’s driven, and is usually
given in litres per one hundred kilometres. For a particular type of car, the fuel consumption, C ,
in litres per hundred kilometres is related to the average driving speed, v , in km/h, by the
function C ( v )=0.004 v 2−0.62 v +30 .
a) Is this optimal fuel consumption for this car a maximum or a minimum? How do you know?
b) At what average speed will this car reach its optimal fuel consumption?
c) Calculate the optimal fuel consumption of the vehicle.
 Learning
Competent Need some Required
I have limited
Proficient I can usually more
knowledge
I can solve solve practice and need to
problems problems I have some
I can … take steps to
successfully, with successfully, understanding
strengthen
clear solutions maybe with , but need
my
(all correct) minor errors more practice
understandin
(most correct) (some correct)
g
(few correct)
 Identify the key features
of a parabola given an
q q q q
equation in standard or
factored form
 Graph a parabola given
an equation in standard q q q q
or factored form
Self-Reflection