SMA

P E R S I A PA N
M A S U K P T N F AV O R I T
20 Soal DU 3 0 2

Passage 1
Manic depression is another psychiatric illness that mainly affects the mood. A patient suffering from
this disease will alternate between period of manic excitement and extreme depression, with or without
relatively normal periods in between. The changes in mood suffered by a manic – depressive patient go
far beyond the day-to-day mood changes experienced by the general population. In the period of manic
excitement, the mood elevation can become so intense that it can result in extended insomnia, extreme
irritability, and heightened aggressiveness. In the period of depression, which may last for several weeks
or months, a patient experiences feelings of general fatigue, uselessness, and hopelessness, and in
serious cases, may contemplate suicide.

1. The topic of this passage is ....

A. various psychiatric illnesses
B. how depression affects the mood
C. the intense period of manic excitement
D. the mood changes of manic depression
E. how insomnia happens

2. The passage indicates that most people ....

A. never undergo mood changes
B. experience occasional shifts in mood
C. switch wildly from highs to lows
D. become highly depressed
E. feel happy anytime

3. The passage implies that ....

A. changes from excitement to depression occur frequently and often
B. only manic-depressive patients experience aggression
C. the depressive phase of this disease can be more harmful than the manic phase
D. suicide is inevitable in cases of manic depression
E. a different type of mental disease

Passage 2
Unlike earlier campaigns, the 1960 presidential campaign featured a politically innovative and highly
influential series of televised debates in the contest between the Republicans and the Democrats.
Debates that could be viewed by such a wide audience had never before been part of the presidential
campaigns, and through these debates, the far-reaching medium of television showed how effective it
could be in influencing the outcome of election.
The two parties to face off in the election selected very different candidates. John Kennedy a young
senator from Massachusetts without much experience and recognition in national politics, established an
early lead among democratic hopefuls, and was nominated on the first ballot at the Los Angeles
convention to be the representative of the Democratic Party in the presidential elections. The older and
more experienced Richard Nixon, then serving as vice president of the United States under Eisenhower,
received the nomination of the Republican Party. Both Nixon and Kennedy campaign vigorously

METODE PENALARAN LANGKAH PASTI MERAIH PRESTASI 1

 SMA
throughout the country and then took the unprecedented step of appearing in face-to-face debates on
television.
Experts in the politics of presidential elections contend that the debates were a pivotal force in the
elections. In front of viewership of more than 100 million citizens, Kennedy masterfully overcame Nixon’s
advantage as the better-known and more experienced candidate and reversed the public perception of
him as too inexperienced and immature for the presidency. In an election that was extremely close, it
was perhaps these debates that brought victory to Kennedy.

4. The paragraph preceding the passage most likely discussed ....

A. presidential elections prior to 1960
B. planning for the 1960 election
C. the history of television prior to 1960
D. the outcome of the 1960 presidential election
E. the experts’ role in politics

5. Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the passage?
A. Kennedy defeated Nixon in the 1960 presidential election.
B. Television debates were instrumental in the outcome of the 1960 presidential election.
C. Television debates have long been a part of campaigning.
D. Kennedy was the leading Democratic candidate in the 1960 presidential election.
E. Kennedy and Nixon met in 1960.

6. The passage implies that Kennedy ….

A. was long shot to receive the Democratic presidential nomination
B. won the Democratic presidential nomination fairly easy
C. was not a front runner in the race for the Democratic presidential nomination
D. came from behind to win the Democratic presidential nomination
E. was serving as vice president

7. The passage states that the television debates between presidential candidates in 1960 …
A. did not influence the selection of the president
B. were the final televised debates
C. were fairly usual in the history of presidential campaigns
D. were the first presidential campaign debates to be televised
E. were followed by many candidates

8. The pronoun “him” in the second sentence of paragraph three refers to ….

A. John Kennedy
B. Richard Nixon
C. Eisenhower
D. the better known and more experienced candidate
E. the expert

Passage 3
Eskimos need efficient and adequate means to travel across water in that the areas where they live
are surrounded by oceans, bays, and inlets and dotted with lakes and seas. Two different types of boats
have been developed by the Eskimos, each constructed to meet specific needs.
The kayak is something like a canoe that has been covered by a deck. A kayak is generally
constructed with one opening in the deck for one rider; however some kayaks are made for two. Because
the deck of a kayak is covered over except for the hole (or holes) for its rider (or riders), a kayak can tip
over in the water and roll back up without filling with water and sinking. One of the primary uses of the
kayak is for hunting.
The umiak is not closed over, as the kayak. Instead, it is an open boat that is built to hold ten to
twelve passengers. Eskimos have numerous uses for the umiak which reflect the size of the boat; e.g.
the umiak is used to haul belongings from campsite to campsite, and is used for hunting large animals
that are too big to be hunted in a kayak.

METODE PENALARAN LANGKAH PASTI MERAIH PRESTASI 2

 SMA
9. It is implied in the passage that if a kayak has two holes, then ....
A. it accommodates two riders
B. it is less stable than a kayak with one hole
C. it is as large as umiak
D. it cannot be used on the ocean
E. it is the most stable one

10. It can be inferred from the passage that an example of the animals mentioned might be ....
A. a kangaroo
B. a snake
C. a whale
D. a salmon
E. a lion

Passage 4
Rain is the primary source of fresh water for most areas of the world. It is also (11) .... suitable
conditions for diverse ecosystems. In addition, rain water is also used for hydroelectric power as (12) ....
as plants and crop irrigation. Rain provides us life. However, how does rain happen?
The phenomenon of rain is actually a water circle. The concept of the water cycle (13) .... the sun
heating the Earth’s surface water and causing the surface water to evaporate. The water vapor then
rises (14) .... the Earth’s atmosphere. The water in the atmosphere cools and condenses into liquid
droplets. The droplets grow until they are heavy and fall to the earth. When the droplets fall to the earth,
it is called rain. The rain can be in the form of water or snow (15) .... not all rain reaches the surface .
Some evaporates while falling through dry air. This is called virga, a phenomenon which is often seen in
hot, dry dessert regions.

11. ....
A. provides
B. to provide
C. providing
D. to be provided
E. provide

12. ....
A. well
B. good
C. useful
D. valuable
E. harmless

13. ....
involves
A. involving
B. involve of
C. involved
D. to involve

14. ....
A. by
B. on
C. into
D. in
E. for

15. ....
A. as that
B. consequently
C. however
D. although
E. otherwise

METODE PENALARAN LANGKAH PASTI MERAIH PRESTASI 3

 SMA
Passage 5
Thunder Lightning is (16) .... shocked, and very fast electric force between the cloud and ground, or
between clods. The speed of thunder can be several miles long. It is so hot, with average temperatures
of 34.000 Celsius, that cause surrounding air suddenly (17) .... with a loud explosion and sounds. This is
why sometimes we can hear thunder. The most dangerous type of cloud caused by lightning is called
cumulonimbus. When the clod rises high enough, the moisture freezes and creates crystal ices and
snowflakes. It (18) .... to fall, pushing the rain, and it is the friction between those (19) .... generate static
electricity. It will burst as a flash of lightning. So lightning suddenly appears (20) .... the rain and the
sounds are very loud.

16. ....
A. sudden
B. suddenly
C. all of sudden
D. suddened
E. suddening

17. ....
A. expanded
B. to expand
C. expands
D. expanding
E. expand

18. ....
A. begins
B. began
C. begun
D. beginning
E. to begin

19. ....
A. which
B. that
C. who
D. of which
E. whose

20. ....
A. after
B. when
C. while
D. before
E. by

METODE PENALARAN LANGKAH PASTI MERAIH PRESTASI 4