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Henri Ibsen (One way to captre the spite of Henrik Thien ~ che desmatit who dominated the ealy moders movement as no other writer did =i tm oa drawing by a fllow-Norwegin, the painter Edvard Monch ‘A morbid and introverted ace, Munch wat a punter of darkne and Yih, of painful slCanalysis and of the én vital His famous panting “The Shout’ was a grim cry of pain that kept on resounding through twenteth- re plans ing angel writen in Germany. the reflective ne tae ae indvideatien moa coming after the rete to Norway: ee age dows Ten profoundly alert othe ea of he dy. He Tot ave kept many Books inhi one, and he was no man OF Tteany groups and movement, hat he was an aid cbirwet lve ere rrenspapers, an atenive analyst of behaviour, ad 21a ‘Sayin touch with the conics win hime As be one sid Hee se 6 "Everyihing tha! have writen it most minutely connected with what T have lived throughs Every new work kas had for me the objet of terug nea process of spiritual iberaton, for every evan sare he ‘pom andthe gil ofthe society £9 which he belongs rans Tosen le Taly for Southern Germany, and would spend noavof the nex twenty Yea firstin Dresden and then in she Havarion rei of Munich. Ast happened, the Deen he now moved wn sre home to Dowoevsky, who va writing The Pessesd in bis wal fighr Gon the sutores ad his credor, The wo wees never rim Jar were ofcn to be compared a5 ceatrs of the made (apie resgrnces aan age of upheaval Tse's move mean » sew and Taft rlon to dhe Germanic culture chat, 8 8 Norwegian nation, Te had once espe. Though bs plays were egulrly poblised a orany, tas German deste tha would establish the bss of Mis easel recgnition. And it was now ~infiuenced no dou by ea German air he sid, but aso by the trong winds of nee aacal dco tha were blowing though ie— that his work besa” fomove toward de spit we call Natura, ine many. movements, Naturals was made up of conficting sean, a tool e developed in France, andthe leading figure vremtnlle Zo, wha said of his nove that "T have done om ving vies the work of analysis which surgeons perform on corpses’ The vel sess an experimental oes, he si bu experimental in he nue data siete or medical sody san experiment. Heredity has we lawn, lke weight! he wrote Ibsen acknowledged many of the vost maeras and tern ideas that went with dhe ene aoe wh we apenkof hi a « Natrabist we ustlly mean dhe cnrrordinary and immediate effet of his plays they come off the ve nifty were life elf We also mean thee awareness of the we Pblems of the ime, and hi ses dha al Be an evolsionary wreak, Naturale Mets oie in Germany, apd were 20 m= eee reason for ehe ready reception Tbsen was to reccve im wand eae stength of his influence over other plarights To ses Uke Bernard Shas. Ives and Naturalis were alas “gun mesh the ame, bur dat was oe quite how i appeared 10 eT I EIIISSSE=T”~ 6 ‘The Modern World BO Te ode wnt Yer he wat taken by many of the ides of anew, accntie and radical reals that lurshed in the early 1870s ip Germany and Scandinavia. Thus Georg Brandes took up the movement atid argued ina famous lecture series at Copenhagen Univesy in 18 that “A lterarre in our day shows i i alive by aking up problem for di sion” When be sent copies of the lees, ten responded exe sively, ying that no more dangerous book cou fill nto the hands ofa pregnant vite: "lis one of ehore books that eta yawning gulf between cody and yesterday." They merin Dresden and fad lng tks Which Brandes reconded. Ibsen described Scindinavia a outie the

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