Setting Calculations For HV Transformer Feeder

ABB - RET670
Transformer Differential Protection
11.01 Setting calculations for HV Transformer Feeder
11.01.01 Input details

Feeder / Protection description
Switchgear : 110kV HV TRANSFORMER FEEDER
Feeder description : HV Transformer Feeder
Protection device : ABB / RET 670
110kV HV CT details
HV CT ratio : 500 /1A
HV CT primary : 500 A
HV CT secondary : 1A
LV1 CT details
LV1 CT ratio : 1000 /1A
LV1 CT primary : 1000 A
LV1 CT secondary : 1A
LV2 CT details
LV2 CT ratio : 2500 /1A
LV2 CT primary : 2500 A
LV2 CT secondary : 1A
LV1 NCT details Core-1 Core-2

LV1 NCT ratio : 1000 /1A 200 /1A
LV1 NCT primary : 1000 A 200 A
LV1 NCT secondary : 1A 1A
LV2 NCT details Core-1 Core-2

LV2 NCT ratio : 2500 /1A 200 /1A
LV2 NCT primary : 2500 A 200 A
LV2 NCT secondary : 1A 1A
Transformer details
HV Rated Power, Prated : 80 MVA
LV1 Rated Power, Prated : 40 MVA
LV2 Rated Power, Prated : 40 MVA
HV Rated Voltage, Vnom[1] : 110 kV
LV1 Rated Voltage, Vnom[1] : 25 kV
LV2 Rated Voltage, Vnom[1] : 11 kV
Frequency : 50 Hz
Doc. no: ICE-DP-2xxxx-RSC-001;

Rev-0
ABB - RET670
Type of cooling : ONAN/ONAF/OFAF
Vector group : Dyn1yn1

HV-LV1 Impedance : 10.56 %
HV-LV2 Impedance : 13.56 %
LV1-LV2 Impedance : 27.34 %
OLTC Range (+) : 10 %
OLTC Range (-) : 15 %
Percentage variation per Step : 1.25 %
HV Highest voltage tolerence, Vmax : 122.3 kV
HV Lowest voltage tolerence,Vmin : 94.8 kV
LV1 Highest voltage tolerence, Vmax : 28.8 kV
LV1 Lowest voltage tolerence,Vmin : 22.5 kV
LV2 Highest voltage tolerence, Vmax : 13.4 kV
LV2 Lowest voltage tolerence,Vmin : 10.6 kV
LV1 NGR current : 1000 A
LV2 NGR current : 400 A
Fault current
Three phase fault current : 26769 A
Single phase fault current : 26200 A (As per the ETAP Short
circuit SLD, Refer
LV1 Three phase reflected fault current : 3692 A annexure-1)
LV2 Three phase reflected fault current : 2978 A
Protection Overview:
The following table lists the protective functions adopted for this feeder
Element
Relay Protection description
function
Transformer differential protection, three-winding - 87T

Restricted earth fault protection, low impedance - 87N 87T, 87N,
ABB / RET Directional phase overcurrent protection, four steps - 51; 51, 51N, 50
Directional residual overcurrent protection, four steps - 51N;
670 Instantaneous phase overcurrent protection - 50; Instantaneous residual overcurrent 50N, 51NS,
50BF
protection - 50N: Standby Earth fault Protection - 51NS; Breaker failure protection -
50BF

Rev-0
ABB - RET670
11.01.02 Setting calculations for Base current for differential voltage level
Since there are three Voltage levels are involved, it is understood that the maximum power among all objects
within the protected zone shall be taken as a base.
The maximum power corresponds to the following base currents on three different voltage levels connected to
the relays are,
a) At 110 kV Voltage Level,

Rated Load current on winding 1- Irated [1], = Prated / (√3*Vnom[1] )
= (80*1000)/(1.732*110)
Irated [1], = 419.90 A
CT secondary current = Irated [1] * CT ratio
= 0.84
b) At 25 kV Voltage Level,
= (40*1000)/(1.732*25)
Irated [2], = 923.79 A
= 0.92
c) At 11 kV Voltage Level,
= (40*1000)/(1.732*11)
Irated [3], = 2099.52 A
= 0.84

Rev-0
ABB - RET670
11.01.03 Setting calculations for minimum differential pickup current required for relay to
operate
During normal operation there is a "false" differential current measured by the protection due to the following:
1. Deviation tap changer position compared to the nominal transformer ratio

2. Difference in current transformer error
Restrain characteristics
End Section 1 = 1.25 IBase
End Section 2 = 3 IBase
(As Per OEM Recommendation)
Slope Section 2 = 40 %
Slope Section 3 = 80 %
The Measured differential current at tap changer position

a) Stability of 80MVA transformer at full load and under operation at +10% Tap:
At +10% tap position, giving the transformer ratio is 122.25/25/11kV at 1.25 times the rated power
(End section 1) the 110 kV current is = (MVA*1.25 times / √3*HV Highest voltage)
= (80*1000)*1.25/(1.732*122.25)
= 472 A
110kV - HV side current = End section 1/Irated [1]

= (472.3/419.9)
= 1.125 times of rated current
25kV - LV1 side current = ((MVA / ((√3*LV1 kV)*Ibase) / Irated [2]))

= 40*1000)/((1.732*25)*1.25)/923.79

= 40*1000)/((1.732*11)*1.25)/2099.52
Differential current = |HV current-LV1 current-LV2 current|

Rev-0
ABB - RET670
= |1.125-1.25-1.25|
b) Stability of 80MVA transformer at full load and under operation at -15% Tap:
At -15% tap position, giving the transformer ratio is 94.75/25/11kV at 1.25 times the rated power
(End section 1) the 110 kV current is = (MVA*1.25 times / √3*LV Lowest voltage)
= (80*1000)*1.25/(1.732*94.75)
= 609 A

= (609.4/419.9)

= 40*1000)/((1.732*25)*1.25)/923.79

= 40*1000)/((1.732*11)*1.25)/2099.52

= |1.451-1.25-1.25|
c) Stability of 80MVA transformer for through fault on 25kV and 11kV side at +10% Tap:
At +10% tap position, giving the transformer ratio for through fault on 25kV and 11kV at 1.25 times the rated
power
Fault MVA (HV) = (Trafo rating/Impedance %)

= (80/0.1056)
= 757.58
Fault MVA (LV1) = (Trafo rating/Impedance %)
= (40/0.1356)
= 294.99
Fault MVA (LV2) = (Trafo rating/Impedance %)

Rev-0
ABB - RET670
= (40/0.2734)
= 146.31
(End section 1) the 110 kV current is = (Fault MVA*1.25 times / √3*HV Highest voltage)
= (757.58*1000)*1.25/(1.732*122.25)
= 4472 A

= (4472.4/419.9)
25kV - LV1 side current = ((Fault MVA / ((√3*LV1 kV)*Ibase) / Irated [2]))
= (294.99*1000)/((1.732*25)*1.25)/923.79
= (146.31*1000)/((1.732*11)*1.25)/2099.52

= |10.651-9.22-4.57|
d) Stability of 80MVA transformer for through fault on 25kV and 11kV side at -15% Tap:
At -15% tap position, giving the transformer ratio for through fault on 25kV and 11kV at 1.25 times the rated
power
(End section 1) the 110 kV current is = (Fault MVA*1.25 times / √3*LV Lowest voltage)
= (757.58*1000)*1.25/(1.732*94.75)
= 5771 A

= (5770.5/419.9)
= (294.99*1000)/((1.732*25)*1.25)/923.79
= (146.31*1000)/((1.732*11)*1.25)/2099.52

Rev-0
ABB - RET670

= |13.743-9.22-4.57|
Based on the above, selected

IdMin = 0.30 IBase (As Per OEM Recommendation)
IdUnre > ( 1 / % Impedance ) Ibase
> 1/0.1056 HV-LV1 = 10.56% Impedance
> 9.47 IBase
IdUnre > ( 1 / % Impedance ) Ibase

> 1/0.1356 HV-LV2 = 13.56% Impedance
> 7.37 IBase
11.01.04 Setting calculations for Low impedance restricted earth fault protection
IdMin Set is set to 20% of the full load current of transformer (LV1 side).
IdMin Set primary current (LV1) = (0.2*923.79)
= 185 A
IdMin Set secondary current (LV1) = Rated current of the transformer LV1 side/CT ratio
= (184.758*1)/(1000)
= 0.18 IBase
IdMin Set is set to 20% of the full load current of transformer (LV2 side).
IdMin Set primary current (LV2) = (0.2*2099.52)
= 420 A
IdMin Set secondary current (LV2) = Rated current of the transformer LV2 side/CT ratio
= (419.904*1)/(2500)
= 0.17 IBase
CT factor for HV side CT1 = CT1 rated/

HVrated current
= 500/419.9
CT Factor Pri1 = 1.19
CT factor for MV side CT1 = CT1 rated/

LV1 rated current
= 1000/923.79
CT Factor Sec1 = 1.08

Rev-0
ABB - RET670
CT factor for MV side CT2 = CT1 rated/

LV2 rated current
= 2500/2099.52
CT Factor Sec2 = 1.19
Relay operate angle for zero sequence directional feature if protected winding neutral point is grounded via
resistor increase ROA to 115 degrees
ROA = 60 Deg (As Per OEM Recommendation)
11.01.05 Setting calculations for Phase overcurrent protection, four steps - 51
a) Pickup criteria: = 100 - 130% of FLC of the feeder

115% of load current is considered for = (1.15*419.9)
calculation, = 482.89 A
CT secondary current = Iload/CT ratio
= ((482.89*1)/500)
= 0.97 A
= (0.97/1)
51 pickup setting in the relay, = 0.97 xIn
= 0.97 %IB
b) Time current characteristic curves selection:
The current/time tripping characteristics of IDMT relays may need to be varied according to the tripping time
required and the characteristics of downstream protection devices used in the network.
The proposed characteristic curve is = IEC - Standard inverse (IEC_SI)
c) Operating time calculation:

Downstream relay operating time = 0.50 sec (Assumed to get proper co-ordination)
Discriminative time margin required = 0.20 sec (As per IEEE std.242-2001)
Hence, total operating time required = 0.70 sec
d) Fault current analysis/PSM calculation:

As per the ETAP Short Circuit SLD (Refer annexure-1), the Three phase fault current drive through the HV
Transformer Feeder feeder is 26769A.
Three phase fault current at secondary, = Ifault/CT ratio

= ((26769*1)/500)
= 53.54 A

Rev-0
ABB - RET670
= (53.54/0.97)
I/Ip = 55.20 A
Since the three phase fault current is more than 20 times, hence the PSM choosen is 20.
Fault current at primary @ 20 PSM = (20*Pickup setting of relay*CT primary current)

= (20*0.97*500)
= 9700 A
e) Time Multiplier Setting (TMS):

The time multiplier setting is calculated based on IEC - Standard inverse (IEC_SI) curve formula provided as
below, The calculated time dial as follows,
51P-1 Time Dial = ((T)/((0.14)/((I/Is)^0.02-1)+0))

= ((0.7)/((0.14)/((20)^0.02-1)+0))
= 0.31
11.01.06 Setting calculations for Residual Earth fault protection, four steps - 51N
a) Pickup criteria: = 10 - 40% of CT primary current

40% of CT primary current is considered for = (0.4*500)
CT secondary current = Iload/CT ratio
= ((200*1)/500)
= 0.40 A
= (0.4/1)
51N pickup setting in the relay, = 0.40 ln
= 0.40 %IB
The proposed characteristic curve is = IEC S Inverse

Downstream relay operating time = 0.00 sec
d) Fault current analysis/PSM calculation (I/Ip):

As per the ETAP Short Circuit SLD (Refer annexure-1), Single phase fault current drive through the HV
Transformer Feeder feeder is 26200A.
Single phase fault current at secondary, = Ifault/CT ratio

Rev-0
ABB - RET670
= ((26200*1)/500)
= 52.40 A
= (52.4/0.4)
I/Ip = 131.00 A
Since the single phase fault current is more than 20 times, hence the PSM (I/Ip) choosen is 20.
Fault current at primary @ 20 PSM = (20*Pickup setting of relay*CT primary current)

= (20*0.4*500)
= 4000 A

The time multiplier setting is calculated based on IEC S Inverse curve formula provided as below, The calculated
time dial as follows,
51N Time multiplier = ((T)/((0.14)/((I/Is)^0.02-1)+0))

= ((0.2)/((0.14)/((20)^0.02-1)+0))
= 0.09
11.01.07 Setting calculations for Instantaneous phase overcurrent protection - 50

a) Pickup criteria:
The pickup is decided based on the maximum current from the two cases is described below,
Case: 1 Reflected fault current = 3692.00 A
Case: 2 5 times of inrush current is considere = 2099.50 A
From the above two cases, Case:1 is greather than Case:2. Hence the maximum current is calculated for 50 Pickup,
1.3 Times of maximum current is considered for = (1.3*3692)

50 Pickup = 4799.60 A
CT secondary current, = Iload/CT ratio
= ((4799.6*1)/500)
= 9.60 A
Phase fault, 50P Pickup; Secondary = (9.6/1)
50P pickup setting in the relay, = 9.60 xIn
= 9.60 %IB
The proposed characteristic curve is = 15=IEC DT

Discriminative time margin required = 0.20 sec
Hence, total operating time required for this feede = 0.20 sec
11.01.08 Setting calculations for Instantaneous residual overcurrent protection - 50N

Rev-0
ABB - RET670
a) Pickup criteria: = 10 - 20% of CT

Single phase fault current = 26200 A
20 % of CT is considered for calculation = (20%*500)
= 100.00 A
CT secondary current, = Iload/CT ratio
= (100*1)/(500)
= 0.20 A
Ground Fault, 50G Pickup; Secondary = (0.2/1)
50G pickup setting in the relay, = 0.20 xIn
= 0.20 %IB

The proposed characteristic curve is = 15=IEC DT

Discriminative time margin required = 0.20 sec
11.01.09 Setting calculations for LV1 Standby Earth fault protection - 51Ns
a) Pickup criteria: = 10 - 60% of LV1 NGR current

40% of LV1 NGR current is considered for = (0.4*1000)
CT secondary current = Iload/NCT ratio
= ((400*1)/200)
= 2.00 A
= (2/1)
= 2.00 %IB


Rev-0
ABB - RET670

As per the ETAP Short Circuit SLD (Refer annexure-1), Single phase fault current drive through the feeder is
0.92379A.
Single phase fault current at secondary, = Ifault/NCT ratio

= ((26200*1)/200)
= 26.20 A
= (26.2/2)
I/Ip = 13.10 A
Fault current at primary @ 20 PSM = (20*Pickup setting of relay*NCT primary current)

= (20*2*200)
= 8000 A


= ((0.2)/((0.14)/((20)^0.02-1)+0))
= 0.09
11.01.10 Setting calculations for LV2 Standby Earth fault protection - 51Ns
a) Pickup criteria: = 10 - 60% of LV2 NGR current

40% of LV2 NGR current is considered for = (0.4*400)
CT secondary current = Iload/NCT ratio
= ((160*1)/200)
= 0.80 A
= (0.8/1)
= 0.80 %IB


Rev-0
ABB - RET670

As per the ETAP Short Circuit SLD (Refer annexure-1), Single phase fault current drive through the feeder is
472.3A.
Single phase fault current at secondary, = Ifault/NCT ratio

= ((26200*1)/200)
= 131.00 A
= (131/0.8)
I/Ip = 163.75 A
Fault current at primary @ 20 PSM = (20*Pickup setting of relay*NCT primary current)

= (20*0.8*200)
= 3200 A


= ((0.2)/((0.14)/((20)^0.02-1)+0))
= 0.09
11.01.11 Setting chart
Recommended
Parameter Setting Range
Settings
General Settings
CT Star Point1 From Object To Object

To Object
CT sec1 1 - 10 A 1A
CT prim1 1 - 99999 A 500 A

To Object
CT sec2 1 - 10 A 1A
CT prim2 1 - 99999 A 500 A

To Object
CT sec3 1 - 10 A 1A
CT prim3 1 - 99999 A 500 A

Rev-0

Setting Calculations For HV Transformer Feeder

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Setting Calculations For HV Transformer Feeder

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ABB - RET670

Transformer Differential Protection

11.01 Setting calculations for HV Transformer Feeder

11.01.01 Input details

LV1 NCT details Core-1 Core-2

LV2 NCT details Core-1 Core-2

Doc. no: ICE-DP-2xxxx-RSC-001;

Type of cooling : ONAN/ONAF/OFAF

Vector group : Dyn1yn1

Transformer differential protection, three-winding - 87T

Doc. no: ICE-DP-2xxxx-RSC-001;

a) At 110 kV Voltage Level,

Doc. no: ICE-DP-2xxxx-RSC-001;

1. Deviation tap changer position compared to the nominal transformer ratio

The Measured differential current at tap changer position

110kV - HV side current = End section 1/Irated [1]

25kV - LV1 side current = ((MVA / ((√3*LV1 kV)*Ibase) / Irated [2]))

11kV - LV2 side current = ((MVA / ((√3*LV2 kV)*Ibase) / Irated [3]))

Differential current = |HV current-LV1 current-LV2 current|

Doc. no: ICE-DP-2xxxx-RSC-001;

110kV - HV side current = End section 1/Irated [1]

25kV - LV1 side current = ((MVA / ((√3*LV1 kV)*Ibase) / Irated [2]))

11kV - LV2 side current = ((MVA / ((√3*LV2 kV)*Ibase) / Irated [3]))

Differential current = |HV current-LV1 current-LV2 current|

Fault MVA (HV) = (Trafo rating/Impedance %)

Doc. no: ICE-DP-2xxxx-RSC-001;

110kV - HV side current = End section 1/Irated [1]

Differential current = |HV current-LV1 current-LV2 current|

110kV - HV side current = End section 1/Irated [1]

Doc. no: ICE-DP-2xxxx-RSC-001;

Differential current = |HV current-LV1 current-LV2 current|

Based on the above, selected

IdUnre > ( 1 / % Impedance ) Ibase

CT factor for HV side CT1 = CT1 rated/

CT factor for MV side CT1 = CT1 rated/

Doc. no: ICE-DP-2xxxx-RSC-001;

CT factor for MV side CT2 = CT1 rated/

ROA = 60 Deg (As Per OEM Recommendation)

11.01.05 Setting calculations for Phase overcurrent protection, four steps - 51

a) Pickup criteria: = 100 - 130% of FLC of the feeder

The proposed characteristic curve is = IEC - Standard inverse (IEC_SI)

c) Operating time calculation:

d) Fault current analysis/PSM calculation:

Three phase fault current at secondary, = Ifault/CT ratio

Doc. no: ICE-DP-2xxxx-RSC-001;

Fault current at primary @ 20 PSM = (20*Pickup setting of relay*CT primary current)

e) Time Multiplier Setting (TMS):

51P-1 Time Dial = ((T)/((0.14)/((I/Is)^0.02-1)+0))

a) Pickup criteria: = 10 - 40% of CT primary current

The proposed characteristic curve is = IEC S Inverse

c) Operating time calculation:

d) Fault current analysis/PSM calculation (I/Ip):

Single phase fault current at secondary, = Ifault/CT ratio

Doc. no: ICE-DP-2xxxx-RSC-001;

Fault current at primary @ 20 PSM = (20*Pickup setting of relay*CT primary current)

e) Time Multiplier Setting (TMS):

51N Time multiplier = ((T)/((0.14)/((I/Is)^0.02-1)+0))

11.01.07 Setting calculations for Instantaneous phase overcurrent protection - 50

1.3 Times of maximum current is considered for = (1.3*3692)

c) Operating time calculation:

11.01.08 Setting calculations for Instantaneous residual overcurrent protection - 50N

Doc. no: ICE-DP-2xxxx-RSC-001;

a) Pickup criteria: = 10 - 20% of CT

25kV - LV1 side current = ((MVA / ((√3LV1 kV)Ibase) / Irated [2]))

11kV - LV2 side current = ((MVA / ((√3LV2 kV)Ibase) / Irated [3]))

25kV - LV1 side current = ((MVA / ((√3LV1 kV)Ibase) / Irated [2]))

11kV - LV2 side current = ((MVA / ((√3LV2 kV)Ibase) / Irated [3]))

Fault current at primary @ 20 PSM = (20Pickup setting of relayCT primary current)

Fault current at primary @ 20 PSM = (20Pickup setting of relayCT primary current)

Fault current at primary @ 20 PSM = (20Pickup setting of relayNCT primary current)

Fault current at primary @ 20 PSM = (20Pickup setting of relayNCT primary current)