THE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY

FACULTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF MACHINE DESIGN


COURSE: DESIGN OF MACHINE ELEMENT

CHAPTER 10: BEARING

ASSOC. PROF. PHAN DINH HUAN

ASSOC. PROF. PHAN DINH HUAN

MACHINE ELEMENT - BEARINGS

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ASSOC. PROF. PHAN DINH HUAN

1. STRUCTURE AND CLASSIFICATION

1.1 Structure

1- Inner ring
2- Cage
3- Shield
4- Roller
5- Outer ring

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 ASSOC. PROF. PHAN DINH HUAN

1. STRUCTURE AND CLASSIFICATION

1.2 Classification
• By shape of roller:

Ball Short cylindrical Long cylindrical Needle

roller roller roller

Tapered Symmetrical Unsymmetrical Small

roller spherical roller spherical roller needle roller
 ASSOC. PROF. PHAN DINH HUAN

1. STRUCTURE AND CLASSIFICATION

• By direction of applying force

Axial load carrying bearing: only subjected to
axial load

Single direction thrust ball bearing Double direction thrust ball bearing
 ASSOC. PROF. PHAN DINH HUAN

1. STRUCTURE AND CLASSIFICATION

 Radial load carrying bearing: accommodate radial

load and small axial load (ball bearing) or only
subjected to radial load (needle roller bearing).
 ASSOC. PROF. PHAN DINH HUAN

1. STRUCTURE AND CLASSIFICATION

Radial-axial load carrying bearing : Subjected to

radial load and small axial load (Angular contact
ball bearing, tapered roller bearing).

Angular contact ball bearing Tapered roller bearing

 ASSOC. PROF. PHAN DINH HUAN

1. STRUCTURE AND CLASSIFICATION

Axial-radial load carrying bearing :mainly

subjected to axial load, also subjected to small
radial load.
 ASSOC. PROF. PHAN DINH HUAN

1. STRUCTURE AND CLASSIFICATION

• Classify by number of row

Single row Double row Four row

 ASSOC. PROF. PHAN DINH HUAN

1. STRUCTURE AND CLASSIFICATION

• Classify by dimension of bearing

Base on outside diameter D, width B, and load
carrying capacity, we divide into 7 categories :
Super small

Very small

Small

Small, wide

Medium

Medium, wide

Heavy
 ASSOC. PROF. PHAN DINH HUAN

1. STRUCTURE AND CLASSIFICATION

1.3 Bearing designation

7 6 5 4 3 2 1

7th number 6th, 5th 4th number 3th number The first two
number number

Present width Present Present bearing type: Present Present inner

of bearing character of Single row deep groove ball bearing bearing size: diameter d:
bearing Double row self-aligning ball bearing 8,9 - super + if d<10, diameter
structure Needle roller thrust bearing light equal d
Alignment needle roller bearing 1,7 - very light + if d<20
Needle roller bearing 2,5 - light d=10, sign 00
Cylindrical roller bearing 3,6 - medium d=12, sign 01
Angular contact ball bearing 4 - heavy d=15, sign 02
Tapered roller bearing d=17, sign 03
Thrust ball bearing + if d≥20, diameter
Needle roller thrust bearing equal d/5

Example: the designation of bearing is 6307, it shows that

63: thrust bearing
3: medium bearing
07: inner diameter d=07x5=35mm
 ASSOC. PROF. PHAN DINH HUAN

2. KINEMATIC AND DYNAMIC

2.1Kinematic
• Leaner velocity of contact point between roller and inner ring:
D1
v1 
2
• Leaner velocity of roller center:
v1
v0 
2
• Angular velocity of roller around its axis:
2(v1  v0 ) 0.5D1
w  
Dw Dw
• Angular velocity of separator (cage):
2v0 0.5D1
c    0.5
D pw ( D1  Dw )
 ASSOC. PROF. PHAN DINH HUAN

2. KINEMATIC AND DYNAMIC

2.2 Dynamic
• Equivalent load equation:
Fr  F0  2 F1 cos   2 F2 cos 2  ...  2 Fk cos k
• where:
  3600 / Z

• Z: number of roller.
• We can demonstrate:
4.37 Fr
F0 
Z
• When considering the diametral clearance:
5 Fr
F0 
Z
ASSOC. PROF. PHAN DINH HUAN

3. BEARING FAILURE AND SELECTION TARGET

Failure:
• Pitting at outer race, inner race and roller due to repeating tangential stress.
• Roller wear and ring wear due to poor lubrication
• Separator break: usually occur in high speed bearing
• Metal flow of roller race: usually occur in heavy load carrying bearing with
slow speed
• Ring break and roller break: because of contact or error assembly technique
Selection target:
• n  10 rpm: calculate by dynamic load carrying capacity
• 1< n < 10 rpm: choose n = 10rpm and calculate by dynamic load carrying
capacity
• n  1 rpm: calculate by static load carrying capacity
When calculating by dynamic load carrying capacity we must check design by
static load carrying capacity.
ASSOC. PROF. PHAN DINH HUAN

4. BEARING LIFE AND RELIABILITY

Through fatigue chart:

 HmH N  const
Because work cycle N rates with service life L, so that:
 HmH L  const
Tangential stress rates with applying load, so that:
QmL  C m
Bearing life (million revolution):
m
ball m3
C 
L    10
roller m
Q
3 m
C 
If calculating by probability of survival: L  a1a23  
Q
60.n.Lh
if we know rating life Lh (hours) L 
10 6
 ASSOC. PROF. PHAN DINH HUAN

5. SELECT BEARING BY DYNAMIC LOAD CARRYING CAPACITY

when n  10 rpm  calculate by dynamic load carrying capacity

when 1 rpm < n < 10 rpm  select n=10 rpm, calculate by dynamic load
carrying capacity
Dynamic load factor:

Ctt  Q m L  C
10
where m  3 for ball bearing, m  for roller bearing
3
Bearing life (million revolution):

60 n Lh
L
10 6
 ASSOC. PROF. PHAN DINH HUAN

5. SELECT BEARING BY DYNAMIC LOAD CARRYING CAPACITY

Equivalent load:

Radial load carrying bearing: Q  (V . X .Fr  Y .Fa ) K  K t

Radial-axial load carrying bearing : Q  (V . X .Fr  Y . Fa ) K  K t

Axial load carrying bearing : Q  Fa K K t

Allowable dynamic load factor is selected through appendix or

manufacturing catalog.
ASSOC. PROF. PHAN DINH HUAN

6. SELECT BEARING BY STATIC LOAD CARRYING CAPACITY

When n < 1 rpm  calculate by static load carrying capacity.

Static load factor:
Radial-axial load carrying bearing : • Axial load carrying bearing
Q0  X 0 Fr  Y0 Fa :Q0  Fa  C0
And
Q0  Fr
Strength condition: Q0 max  C0

Bearing type X0 Yo
Deep groove ball bearing 0,6 0,5
Angular contact ball bearing
α=120 0,6 0,5
α=120 0,5 0,37
α=120 0,5 0,28
Self- alignment ball bearing and tapered roller bearing 0,5 0,22cotgα
ASSOC. PROF. PHAN DINH HUAN

7. ARRANGEMENT AND MOUNTING

Inside fit diagram

Inside and out side fit diagram

ASSOC. PROF. PHAN DINH HUAN

7. ARRANGEMENT AND MOUNTING

both end-side fit diagram

ASSOC. PROF. PHAN DINH HUAN

7. ARRANGEMENT AND MOUNTING

Inner ring fit

Outer ring fit

ASSOC. PROF. PHAN DINH HUAN

7. ARRANGEMENT AND MOUNTING

Mounting tool Dismounting tool Mounting bearing using

hydraulic technique
ASSOC. PROF. PHAN DINH HUAN

8. BEARING COVER

End cover
ASSOC. PROF. PHAN DINH HUAN

8. BEARING COVER

Bearing that has its oil seal

 ASSOC. PROF. PHAN DINH HUAN

9. DESIGN PROCEDURE

Initial parameter: calculation diagram, number of revolution,

inner diameter d, work condition, rating life (Lh – hours).
Calculate for a bearing that have the highest applying load, other
bearings are selected the same designation from this one.
Design procedure:
1. Calculate axial and radial force applying on bearing (see
section about calculating force on shaft )
2. Choose factor V, K,Kt
3. Determine bearing life L (million revolution) and calculating
dynamic load factor Ctt
4. Select bearing type through standard, satisfy Ctt < C and
n<ngh
References:
[1]. TS. Phan Tấn Tùng, Bài giảng Chi tiết máy, ĐH Bách Khoa,
2012
[2]. PGS TS Nguyễn Hữu Lộc, Cơ sở chi tiết máy, NXB ĐH Quốc
gia, 2011
[3]. TS Bùi Trọng Hiếu, Bài giảng Chi tiết máy, ĐH Bách khoa,
2012
END OF CHAPTER 10

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