GENERAL PHYSICS 1

LESSON 3 – PART 2

KINEMATICS
MOTION ALONG A STRAIGHT LINE
MS. CZARINA MARIE H. MENDOZA
 EQUATIONS
Allow one to predict the position, time, speed and
acceleration of an object.
 Kinematic Equations
THE “BIG 4”
All assume that the
2
𝑑 = 𝑣𝑜 𝑡 + (1/2 )(𝑎)(𝑡 ) acceleration is constant
2 2 d: displacement
𝑣𝑓 = 𝑣𝑜 + (2)(𝑎)(𝑑)
a: acceleration
𝑑 = [(𝑣𝑜 + 𝑣𝑓 )/2]𝑡 t: time
𝑣𝑜: initial velocity
𝑣𝑓 = 𝑣𝑜 + (𝑎)(𝑡) 𝑣𝑓: final velocity
 EQUATIONS
SPECIAL CONDITIONS
 SPECIAL CONDITION 1
If an object starts its motion from rest,
then 𝑣𝑜 is zero (0) and any term with 𝑣𝑜
drops out of the equation.
 SPECIAL CONDITION 1
2
𝑑 = 𝑣𝑜 𝑡 + (1/2)(𝑎)(𝑡 ) 2 𝑑 = 1/2 𝑎𝑡
2 2 2
𝑣𝑓 = 𝑣𝑜 + (2)(𝑎)(𝑑) 𝑣𝑓 = 2𝑎𝑑
𝑑 = [(𝑣𝑜 + 𝑣𝑓 )/2]𝑡 𝑑 = (𝑣𝑓 )/2𝑡
𝑣𝑓 = 𝑣𝑜 + (𝑎)(𝑡) 𝑣𝑓 = 𝑎𝑡
Be on the lookout for the phrase “starting from rest.”
SPECIAL CONDITION 2
If an object comes to a final stop, then
𝑣𝑓 is zero (0) and any term with 𝑣𝑓
drops out of the equation.
 SPECIAL CONDITION 2
2 2
𝑑 = 𝑣𝑜 𝑡 + (1/2)(𝑎)(𝑡 ) 𝑑 = 𝑣𝑜 𝑡 + (1/2)𝑎𝑡
2 2 2
𝑣𝑓 = 𝑣𝑜 + (2)(𝑎)(𝑑) 𝑣𝑜 = −2𝑎𝑑

𝑑 = [(𝑣𝑜 + 𝑣𝑓 )/2]𝑡 𝑑 = (𝑣𝑜 )/2𝑡

𝑣𝑓 = 𝑣𝑜 + (𝑎)(𝑡) 𝑣𝑜 = −𝑎𝑡
Be on the lookout for the phrase “stops.”
 SPECIAL CONDITION 3
If an object moves with a constant velocity,
then 𝑎 is zero (0) and any term with 𝑎 drops
out of the equation and there is really one
velocity value – “v”.
 SPECIAL CONDITION 3
𝑑 = 𝑣𝑜 𝑡 + (1/2) (𝑎) 2
(𝑡 ) 𝑑 = 𝑣𝑡
2 2 2 2 NOT USEFUL
𝑣𝑓 = 𝑣𝑜 + (2)(𝑎)(𝑑) 𝑣𝑓 = 𝑣𝑜

𝑑 = [(𝑣𝑜 + 𝑣𝑓 )/2]𝑡 𝑑 = 𝑣𝑡
𝑣𝑓 = 𝑣𝑜 + (𝑎)(𝑡) 𝑣𝑓 = 𝑣𝑓 NOT USEFUL
 EQUATIONS
SOLVING PROBLEMS
 SAMPLE PROBLEM
A car starts from rest and accelerates
uniformly over a time of 5.21 s for a distance
of 112 m. Determine the acceleration of the
car.
 SAMPLE PROBLEM
GIVEN: 𝑣𝑜 = 0 𝑚/𝑠 Identify the known values.
𝑡 = 5.21 𝑠 Write down; relate to the symbols
𝑑 = 112 𝑚
Identify the unknown.
UNKNOWN: 𝑎 = ? Write in symbol form.
Find the kinematic
FORMULA: 𝑑equation.
= (𝑣𝑜𝑑+=𝑣𝑓𝑣)/2𝑡
𝑜 𝑡 + (1/2) (𝑎)(𝑡 ) 2
 SAMPLE PROBLEM
SOLUTION:
2
112 𝑚 = 0𝑚/𝑠(5.21𝑠) + 1/2(𝑎) 5.21𝑠
2
112 𝑚 = 1/2(𝑎) 5.21𝑠
2
112 𝑚 = 𝑎 13.57205𝑠 ANSWER:
2
13.57205𝑠 13.57205𝑠 2 2
𝑎 = 8.25 𝑚/𝑠
 ASSIGNMENT 2
Starting from rest, a car accelerates at
6.52 m/s/s for 3.80 s. Determine the
distance traveled by the car during this
time.
 ASSIGNMENT 2
A bobsled, moving 35 m/s decelerates to
25 m/s at a rate of 4.8 m/s/s. Determine
the distance traveled by the bobsled
during this time.
 02
Identify different
Parts of a Graph
types of graphs
involving velocity, Types of Graphs
acceleration, and
time
PARTS OF A
 y
TITLE
Speed-Time Graph
SCALE
3 m/s

LINE
speed 2 m/s

1 m/s

0 1s 2s
x
3s

LABELS time
POSITION-TIME
 GRAPH 1 GRAPH 2

Object is not
moving
position position
Object is
moving
0 0 time
time
SPEED-TIME
 GRAPH 1 GRAPH 2
Object is moving
Object is moving with increasing
at constant speed speed
speed speed

0 time 0 time
VELOCITY-TIME
 GRAPH 1
+ Constant, Rightward (+) velocity
velocity 0 time
-
time
 GRAPH 2
+ Non-constant, Rightward (+)
velocity 0 time velocity

-
time
 03
Solve problems Seatwork No. 7
involving motion in Submission: 09/21/2023
one-dimension
 04 Performance Task 2
Create velocity- Submission: 09/23/2023
acceleration vs Graphical Narratives:
time-graphs from Weaving Tales through Data
real-life situations Visualization