Lab Report – Slump Test May 25, 2023

Jazan University
College of engineering
Civil engineering department

Title: Laboratory Experiment No. 01 – Slump Test

Name:Hossein Ibrahim Qssady

ID:

LECTURER :
DATE OF SUBMITTED: 25tH May 2023

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Lab Report – Slump Test May 25, 2023

Laboratory Experiment No. 01 – Slump Test

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Table of Contents

1.0 Introduction ...................................................................................................................5

2.0 Apparatus & Materials .................................................................................................6

3.0 Procedure .....................................................................................................................12

4.0 Results ..........................................................................................................................19

5.0 Discussion .....................................................................................................................20

6.0 Conclusion ....................................................................................................................26

Table of Tables

Table 1 –Quantities of using materials of concrete mix ...................................................... 11

Table 2 - Record measurements were taken from the Slump Test .................................... 17

Table 3 – Record measurements taken from the Slump Test ............................................. 19

Table 4 - Measurement of Workability from Slump Test ...................................................22

Table of Figures

Figure 1 - How the group members are done the Slump Test ..............................................5

Figure 2 - Concrete Slump Test Kit Set ................................................................................6

Figure 3 - Slump Cone ...........................................................................................................6

Figure 4 – Measurements of Slump Cone ............................................................................7

Figure 5 - Horizontal Base Plate ...........................................................................................7

Figure 6 - Tamping Rod.........................................................................................................8

Figure 7 - Scoop ......................................................................................................................8

Figure 8 - Tape Measure ........................................................................................................8

Figure 9 - Measuring Scale ....................................................................................................9

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Figure 10 - Materials of Concrete mixture...........................................................................9

Figure 11 - Cement .................................................................................................................14

Figure 12 - Coarse Aggregates (Metal).................................................................................14

Figure 13 - Fine Aggregates (Sand) ......................................................................................15

Figure 14 - Water ...................................................................................................................15

Figure 15 - Mix the concrete mixture by the group members ............................................16

Figure 16 – How the group members were filled the Slump Cone using the scoop..........13

Figure 17 – How the group members were compacted each layer 25 times using the
tamping rod……13

Figure 18 - How his feet was removed from the foot pieces ...............................................19

Figure 19 - How a group member lifted the slump cone in one smooth motion, without
twisting ....................................................................................................................................20

Figure 20 - How the slump cone was placed next to the displaced concrete specimen .....20

Figure 21 - How the group members was measured the value of slump height................21

Figure 22 - How the True slump came to the first time .......................................................17

Figure 23 - How the Collapsed slump came to the second time.......................................... 22

Figure 24 - Results we got in the Slump Test ....................................................................... 22

Figure 25 - Types of Concrete Slump Test Results.............................................................. 24

Figure 26 - Zero Slump .......................................................................................................... 24

Figure 24 - True Slump ..........................................................................................................18

Figure 25 - Shear Slump ........................................................................................................18

Figure 26 - Collapsed Slump .................................................................................................19

Figure 27 - How the group members were measured the True slump ..............................20

Figure 28 - How the group members were measured the Collapsed slump ......................20

Figure 29 - How the top surface has absorbed some water from the concrete mix ..........21

Figure 30 - How the coarse aggregates spread when mixing the concrete mix.................22

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1.0 Introduction

In the Slump Test is determined the workability of freshly mixed concrete. The Workability
of fresh concrete means the ability to work with fresh concrete. Thus, the Workability of
fresh concrete means the ability of transportation, placed, compacting and finishing in fresh
concrete. It is measured the water/cement ratio of fresh concrete mix indirectly. But some
kind of reasons such as high range water reducers and retarders, the slump test is not a good
indicator to measure the water/cement ratio.
The making fresh concrete mixture transported and placed it in the slump cone. And after, it
is compacting using the tamping rod with 25 strokes in uniformly to decrease the air voids
and level the surface using the scoop or tamping rod for finishing.
Then, measure the slump as the difference between the vertical distances of top of the slump
cone and the original displaced center of the settled concrete after the slump cone has been
removed.

Figure 1 - How the group members are done the Slump Test

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2.0 Apparatus & Materials

 Apparatus

Figure 2 - Concrete Slump Test Kit Set (Anon., n.d.)

1. Slump Cone (Mold)

Figure 3 - Slump Cone (Anon., n.d.)

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Figure 4 – Measurements of Slump Cone (Anon., n.d.)

 The Slump Cone is used to place the fresh concrete mix.

2. Non-Porous Horizontal Base Plate

Figure 5 - Horizontal Base Plate (Anon., n.d.)

 The Horizontal Base Plate is used to place the slump cone.

3. Tamping Rod

 The Tamping Rod is used to compact each concrete layer to remove the air
voids and subsequent layers penetrate into the underlying layer.
 The Circular Tamping Rod is used for Slump Test.
 The diameter of Tamping Rod – 16 mm
 Height of Tamping Rod – 60 cm

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Figure 6 - Tamping Rod (Anon., n.d.)

4. Scoop

Figure 7 - Scoop (Anon., n.d.)

 The Scoop is used to fill the concrete mix into a slump cone.

5. Tape Measure

Figure 8 - Tape Measure (Anon., n.d.)

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 Measuring Tape is used to measure the value of Slump.

6. Measuring Scale

Figure 9 - Measuring Scale (Anon., n.d.)

 Measuring Scale is used to measure the materials of the concrete mix.

 Materials

Figure 10 - Materials of Concrete mixture (Anon., n.d.)

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1. Cement

Figure 11 - Cement (Anon., n.d.)

2. Coarse Aggregates (Metal)

Figure 12 - Coarse Aggregates (Metal) (Anon., n.d.)

3. Fine Aggregates (Sand)

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Figure 13 - Fine Aggregates (Sand) (Anon., n.d.)

4. Water

Figure 14 - Water (Anon., n.d.)

Fine Coarse
Cement Water
Materials Aggregate Aggregate
(kg) (kg or liters)
(kg) (kg)
8.5 9.2 13.6 3.3
Quantities

*1.5 12.7 13.8 20.4 4.94

Table 1 - Quantities of using materials of concrete mix

 Mix ratio of Cement : Fine Aggregate : Coarse Aggregate = 1 : 2 : 4

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3.0 Procedure

1. After obtaining, the test was started within 5 minutes and the final portion of the
composite sample was re-mixed.

2. The tamping rod, scoop, slump cone, and non-absorbent surface was dampened
with a damp cloth or sponge.
3. He standing on the foot pieces held the slump cone firmly against the base.
He did not allow the slump cone to move during the filling or rodding process.
4. The Slump cone was filled using the scoop in approximately 3 equal layers by volume.
The scoop moved around the top perimeter of the cone while filling to ensure even
distribution of the concrete. (First layer approximately 2 in. The second layer
approximately 6in.).

Figure 15 – How the group members were filled the Slump Cone using the scoop
5. Each layer was rod 25 times with the rounded end of the tamping rod. The strokes were
distributed uniformly over the cross-section of each layer. The first layer was rod full
depth without forcibly striking the bottom, rod the second and third layers to penetrate the
underlying layer approximately 1 in.

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6. When rodding the top layer, kept excess concrete above the top of the cone at all times.
7. The concrete level was struke off with the top of the cone using the tamping rod with a
screeding and rolling motion. Any spilled concrete was cleared away from around the
base of the slump cone.
8. While pressing down firmly on the slump cone handles, his feet was removed from the
foot pieces and the slump cone was lifted in one smooth motion, without twisting, in
5 ± 2 seconds.

Figure 16- How his feet was removed from the foot pieces

Figure 17 - How a group member lifted the slump cone in one smooth motion, without twisting

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9. The slump cone was placed next to the displaced concrete specimen and immediately the
vertical distance from the top of the slump cone to the top of the original displaced center
of the specimen was measured by them.

Figure 18 - How the slump cone was placed next to the displaced concrete specimen

Figure 19 - How the group members was measured the value of slump height

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10. The measurement was recorded to the nearest ¼ in.

Slump
Sample No. Type of Slump
Height
(cm)

1 9 True Slump

2 14 Collapsed Slump

Table 2 – Record measurements were taken from the Slump Test

While the 2 times was done the slump test and the first time came the true slump and the
second time came the collapsed slump.

Figure 20 - How the True slump came to the first time

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4.0 Results

Table 3 - Record measurements taken from the Slump Test

Slump Height
Sample No. Type of Slump
(cm)

1 9 True Slump

2 14 Collapsed Slump

Figure 21 - Results we got in the Slump Test

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5.0 Discussion

 Discuss the result

There are 4 types of slumps.

Figure 22 - Types of Concrete Slump Test Results (Anon., n.d.)

1. Zero Slump
 In here, the amount of Slump is zero. The results as
Zero Slump came because of a very low water/cement ratio in the concrete mix. Therefore,
these concrete mixtures are dry mixes. This type of concrete mixes is used the Road
constructions (Lecture notes).

Figure 23 - Zero Slump (Anon., n.d.)

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2. True Slump
 The True Slump gives the amount of Slump. This is the
only slump to measure in slump test (Lecture notes).

Figure 24 - True Slump (Anon., n.d.)

3. Shear Slump
 In the Shear Slump, the one side part of settled concrete
is collapsed. Then, the result of the slump is incomplete and concrete to be retested (Lecture
notes).

Figure 25 - Shear Slump (Anon., n.d.)

4. Collapsed Slump
 The Collapsed Slump, water/cement ratio is very high.
Therefore, the concrete mix is too wet. This type of concrete is not appropriate for the slump

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Figure 26 - Collapsed Slump

(Anon., n.d.)

Table 4 – Measurement of Workability from Slump Test

Workability Slump (cm) Uses

Very Low 0 – 2.5 Road

Roads, Mass Concrete work,

Low 2.5 – 5.0 Reinforce concrete work
with or without vibration

Flat Slabs using crushed

aggregate, Normally R.C.
Medium 2.5 – 10.0 work manually compacted
and heavily Reinforced
Concrete with vibrations

For section with congested

High 10.0 – 17.5 reinforcement, Not normally
suitable for vibration

(Vazirani & Chandola, 2012)

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In the practical test of the Slump Test, we were got 10mm True slump in the first time. We
were done the test once again, then as the result was come 150mm Collapsed slump. We
were getting the collapsed slump because that the concrete mix was added too much water. It
means that the concrete mixture is too wet and it is a high workability mix. According to
these results, the collapsed slump is not appropriate for the slump test and only the true
slump is appropriate for the slump test.

And also, 10mm true slump has very low workability and this concrete is suitable for the
road constructions according to above table 4.

Figure 27 - How the group

members were measured the True
slump

Figure 28 - How the group

members were measured the
Collapsed slump

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 The Factors that could be affected our result

The following are some factors affecting the workability of concrete.

 Cement Content of concrete

 Water Content of concrete
 Mix Proportions of concrete
 Size, Shape, Grading & Surface Texture of Aggregates
 Use of Admixtures in concrete
 Use of supplementary cementitious materials

(Vazirani & Chandola, 2012)

In our Slump test practical, we used the ratio of cement, fine aggregate (sand), coarse
aggregate (metal) and water to 1: 2: 4: ½ for the concrete mixture. The amount of water is the
most important factor of the concrete mix for the hydration process (Water reaction for the
concrete process). Water affects the properties of concrete, especially the setting and
hardening process. According to which the water is affected to the slump test. For the first
time, we are added water to the concrete mix then, the concrete mix got the dry situation.
Because where we prepared the concrete mix, the top surface was absorbed some water from
the concrete mix.

Figure 29 - How the top surface has absorbed some water from the concrete mix

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And also, when the slump test practical was done, the materials of the concrete mix were
wastage in different kinds of ways. In the above paragraph described one kind of way. When
considering the other ways, another way is what we used the cement to spread through the air
because of the wind. Then the amount of cement in the concrete mix is reduced. And on that
day had rainy conditions.

Furthermore, when mixing the materials such as aggregates of the concrete mix, they were
spread everywhere.

Figure 30- How the coarse aggregates spread when mixing the concrete mix

 The importance of the test

In the Slump Test is measured the workability of the fresh concrete. The importance of the
Slump Test is to check and ensure the consistency in the concrete. The Slump test is done to
checks to see quickly if the concrete is suitable for use. According to Table 4, it is shown
whether to use that the concrete specimen is used for the purpose of what kind of
constructions for the different slump values.

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6.0 Conclusion

 In the Slump Test is determined the workability of fresh concrete. Therefore, the slump
test is measured the consistency of fresh concrete before it sets.
 The apparatus of the slump cone, tamping rod, scoop and base plate are used for doing the
slump test.
 The ratio of cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate and water to 1: 2: 4: ½ were used to
prepare the concrete mixture.
 The difference in level between the height of the slump cone and the highest point of the
concrete specimen is measured. This difference in height is taken as the slump value of
concrete.
 While the different types of slump have, but according to our slump test result, we got the
true slump and collapsed slump in 2 times testing.
 According to our results, we were done our slump practical test in very successfully.
 But some of the factors such as the first time water and after we added water, then the
concrete mix is too wet, the cement is spread through the air because of the wind and
when mixing the material of concrete mix, they were spread everywhere were affected
our slump results.
 However, our slump practical test was a success and we got the idea such as how to do
the slump test, the situation of freshly mixed concrete and how to do the practicals in the
practical lab with safety, how to use the material of concrete, how to prepare the good
concrete mix are some of them.
 Finally, I would like to thank our guide Ms. Eeshani Perera in our practical tests to give
your knowledge clearly to us.
 And also, I think these practical tests benefit a lot on my subject and for my future as it
prepares me to overcome many upcoming problems. Overall, it was a great experience for
me.

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