Slumptestreport 190817143549 230526133757 A69afeff

HND in Civil Engineering
Module
Code Title Assessor / Examiner
Engineering Mechanics and Strength of
CE 403 Eng. C. Peiris
Materials
Assessment 1
Title : Portfolio – Lab Reports Weighting :
20%
Submit to: Deadline
Office Blackboard Other
SIS
Late submissions will incur a penalty according to the regulations
Additional submission details:
OBJECTIVES OF THIS ASSESMENT IS TO LET THE STUDENT:
 Perform laboratory experiments safely and deal with recording, analyzing

and interpretation of results.
ASSESSMENT STRATEGY AND METHODS

Assessment Task Deadline
Assessment Type Description Weighting%
Assessment 01 COURSEWORK(CW) Investigative Report – 1500 30% Week 7

Assessment 02 COURSEWORK(CW) Portfolio - Lab Reports 20% Week 10
Written Examination (Closed Book – Week 17

Assessment 0 EXAM 50%
2 Hours)
Lab Report – Slump Test August 15, 2019
Page 2 of
Lab Report – Slump August 15,
Laboratory Experiment No. 01 – Slump Test
Page 3 of 33
ICBT Higher National Diploma in Civil Engineering

Cardiff Metropolitan University – UK
International College of Business & Technology
Colombo Campus
No: 36, De Krester
Place,
R. A. De. Mel Mawatha,
Bambalapitiya,
Sri Lanka.
Assignment No- 02
“ Portfolio - Lab Report ’’
By
Sri Sanduli Devini Weerasekara
Colombo Campus - CL/HNDCivil/12/35
HND in Civil Engineering
Submit to – Mr. C.N. Peirispulle
Submitted date – 2019.08.15
ICBT Campus
2019
Page 4 of
Page 5 of
Acknowledgement
I take the opportunity to offer a sincere graduate to my guide Ms. Eeshani Perera
Laboratory lecture in Laboratory Experiment of Engineering Mechanics and Strength of
Materials subject for her kind support in completion of this Lab Practicals and Lab Report in
a very successful manner. And also, I wish to thank you for teaching how to do this practicals
easily.
And also, I wish to thank you Ms. Sachini De Silva and Mr. C.N. Peirispulle for
teaching well about how to do these practicals in an easy way to us before doing the lab
practicals.
Finally, I wish to thank my parents & friends for their support & encouragement
throughout the completion of this report.
Page 6 of
Table of Contents
1.0 Introduction...................................................................................................................9
2.0 Apparatus & Materials...............................................................................................10
3.0 Procedure.....................................................................................................................16
4.0 Results..........................................................................................................................23
5.0 Discussion.....................................................................................................................24
6.0 Conclusion....................................................................................................................30
7.0 References....................................................................................................................31
Table of Tables
Table 1 –Quantities of using materials of concrete mix......................................................14
Table 2 - Record measurements were taken from the Slump Test....................................20
Table 3 – Record measurements taken from the Slump Test..........................................212
Table 4 - Measurement of Workability from Slump Test................................................235
Page 7 of
Table of Figures
Figure 1 - How the group members are done the Slump Test.............................................9
Figure 2 - Concrete Slump Test Kit Set...............................................................................10
Figure 3 - Slump Cone...........................................................................................................10
Figure 4 – Measurements of Slump Cone............................................................................11
Figure 5 - Horizontal Base Plate...........................................................................................11
Figure 6 - Tamping Rod........................................................................................................12
Figure 7 - Scoop......................................................................................................................12
Figure 8 - Tape Measure........................................................................................................12
Figure 9 - Measuring Scale....................................................................................................13
Figure 10 - Materials of Concrete mixture..........................................................................13
Figure 11 - Cement.................................................................................................................14
Figure 12 - Coarse Aggregates (Metal)................................................................................14
Figure 13 - Fine Aggregates (Sand)......................................................................................15
Figure 14 - Water...................................................................................................................15
Figure 15 - Mix the concrete mixture by the group members...........................................16
Figure 16 - How a group member held the slump cone without moving..........................17
Figure 17 – How the group members were filled the Slump Cone using the scoop.........18
Figure 18 – How the group members were compacted each layer 25 times using the
tamping rod............................................................................................................................18
Figure 19 - How his feet was removed from the foot pieces...............................................19
Figure 20 - How a group member lifted the slump cone in one smooth motion, without
twisting....................................................................................................................................20
Figure 21 - How the slump cone was placed next to the displaced concrete specimen....20
Figure 22 - How the group members was measured the value of slump height...............21
Figure 23 - How the True slump came to the first time......................................................22
Page 8 of
Figure 24 - How the Collapsed slump came to the second time.........................................22
Figure 25 - Results we got in the Slump Test.......................................................................22
Figure 26 - Types of Concrete Slump Test Results.............................................................24
Figure 27 - Zero Slump..........................................................................................................24
Figure 28 - True Slump..........................................................................................................25
Figure 29 - Shear Slump........................................................................................................25
Figure 30 - Collapsed Slump.................................................................................................26
Figure 31 - How the group members were measured the True slump..............................27
Figure 32 - How the group members were measured the Collapsed slump.....................27
Figure 33 - How the top surface has absorbed some water from the concrete mix.........28
Figure 34 - How the coarse aggregates spread when mixing the concrete mix................29
Page 9 of
1.0 Introduction
In the Slump Test is determined the workability of freshly mixed

concrete. The Workability of fresh concrete means the ability to work with fresh concrete.
Thus, the Workability of fresh concrete means the ability of transportation, placed,
compacting and finishing in fresh concrete. It is measured the water/cement ratio of fresh
concrete mix indirectly. But some kind of reasons such as high range water reducers and
retarders, the slump test is not a good indicator to measure the water/cement ratio.
The making fresh concrete mixture transported and placed it in the slump
cone. And after, it is compacting using the tamping rod with 25 strokes in uniformly to
decrease the air voids and level the surface using the scoop or tamping rod for finishing.
Then, measure the slump as the difference between the vertical distances of top of the slump
cone and the original displaced center of the settled concrete after the slump cone has been
removed.
Figure 1 - How the group members are done the Slump Test
Page 10 of
2.0 Apparatus & Materials
 Apparatus
Figure 2 - Concrete Slump Test Kit Set (Anon., n.d.)
1. Slump Cone (Mold)
Figure 3 - Slump Cone (Anon., n.d.)
Page 11 of
Figure 4 – Measurements of Slump Cone (Anon., n.d.)
 The Slump Cone is used to place the fresh concrete mix.
2. Non-Porous Horizontal Base Plate
Figure 5 - Horizontal Base Plate (Anon., n.d.)
 The Horizontal Base Plate is used to place the slump cone.
3. Tamping Rod
 The Tamping Rod is used to compact each concrete layer to remove the
air voids and subsequent layers penetrate into the underlying layer.
 The Circular Tamping Rod is used for Slump Test.
 The diameter of Tamping Rod – 16 mm
 Height of Tamping Rod – 60 cm
Page 12 of
Figure 6 - Tamping Rod (Anon., n.d.)
4. Scoop
Figure 7 - Scoop (Anon., n.d.)
 The Scoop is used to fill the concrete mix into a slump cone.
5. Tape Measure
Figure 8 - Tape Measure (Anon., n.d.)
Page 13 of
 Measuring Tape is used to measure the value of Slump.
6. Measuring Scale
Figure 9 - Measuring Scale (Anon., n.d.)
 Measuring Scale is used to measure the materials of the concrete mix.
 Materials
Figure 10 - Materials of Concrete mixture (Anon., n.d.)
Page 14 of
1. Cement
Figure 11 - Cement (Anon., n.d.)
2. Coarse Aggregates (Metal)
Figure 12 - Coarse Aggregates (Metal) (Anon., n.d.)
3. Fine Aggregates (Sand)
Page 15 of
Figure 13 - Fine Aggregates (Sand) (Anon., n.d.)
4. Water
Figure 14 - Water (Anon., n.d.)
Fine Coarse
Cement Water
Materials Aggregate Aggregate
(kg) (kg or liters)
(kg) (kg)
Quantities 3.465 1.87 6.105 15.62
Table 1 - Quantities of using materials of concrete mix
 Mix ratio of Cement : Fine Aggregate : Coarse Aggregate = 1 : 2 : 4
Page 16 of
3.0 Procedure
1. After obtaining, the test was started within 5 minutes and the final portion of the
composite sample was re-mixed.
Figure 15 - Mix the concrete mixture by the group members
Page 17 of
2. The tamping rod, scoop, slump cone, and non-absorbent surface was dampened with
a damp cloth or sponge.
3. The slump cone was held firmly against the base by him standing on the foot pieces. He
didn’t allow the slump cone to move during the filling or rodding process.
Figure 16 - How a group member held the slump cone without moving
4. The Slump cone was filled using the scoop in approximately 3 equal layers by
volume. The scoop moved around the top perimeter of the cone while filling to ensure
even distribution of the concrete. (First layer approximately 2e in. The second layer
approximately 6c in.).
Page 18 of
Figure 17 – How the group members were filled the Slump Cone using the scoop
5. Each layer was rod 25 times with the rounded end of the tamping rod. The strokes were
distributed uniformly over the cross-section of each layer. The first layer was rod full
depth without forcibly striking the bottom, rod the second and third layers to penetrate the
underlying layer approximately 1 in.
Figure 18 – How the group members were compacted each layer 25 times using the
tamping rod
Page 19 of
6. When rodding the top layer, kept excess concrete above the top of the cone at all times.
7. The concrete level was struke off with the top of the cone using the tamping rod with a
screeding and rolling motion. Any spilled concrete was cleared away from around the
base of the slump cone.
8. While pressing down firmly on the slump cone handles, his feet was removed from the
foot pieces and the slump cone was lifted in one smooth motion, without twisting, in
5 ± 2 seconds.
Figure 19 - How his feet was removed from the foot pieces
Page 20 of
Figure 20 - How a group member lifted the slump cone in one smooth motion, without
twisting
9. The slump cone was placed next to the displaced concrete specimen and immediately the
vertical distance from the top of the slump cone to the top of the original displaced
center of the specimen was measured by them.
Figure 21 - How the slump cone was placed next to the displaced concrete specimen
Page 21 of
Page 22 of
Figure 22 - How the group members was measured the value of slump height
10. The measurement was recorded to the nearest ¼ in.
Slump
Sample No. Type of Slump
Height
(mm)
1 10 True Slump
2 150 Collapsed Slump
Table 2 – Record measurements were taken from the Slump Test
11. While the 2 times was done the slump test and the first time came the true slump and the
second time came the collapsed slump.
Page 23 of
Figure 23 - How the True slump came to the first time
Figure 24 - How the Collapsed slump came to the second time
Page 24 of
4.0 Results
Table 3 - Record measurements taken from the Slump Test
Slump
Sample No. Type of Slump
Height
(mm)
1 10 True Slump
2 150 Collapsed Slump
Figure 25 - Results we got in the Slump Test
Page 25 of
5.0 Discussion
 Discuss the result
There are 4 types of slumps.
Figure 26 - Types of Concrete Slump Test Results (Anon., n.d.)
1. Zero Slump
 In here, the amount of Slump is zero. The results as
Zero Slump came because of a very low water/cement ratio in the concrete mix.
Therefore, these concrete mixtures are dry mixes. This type of concrete mixes is used the
Road constructions (Lecture notes).
Figure 27 - Zero Slump (Anon., n.d.)
Page 26 of
2. True Slump
 The True Slump gives the amount of Slump. This is the
only slump to measure in slump test (Lecture notes).
Figure 28 - True Slump (Anon., n.d.)
3. Shear Slump
 In the Shear Slump, the one side part of settled
concrete is collapsed. Then, the result of the slump is incomplete and concrete to be retested
(Lecture notes).
Figure 29 - Shear Slump (Anon., n.d.)
4. Collapsed Slump
 The Collapsed Slump, water/cement ratio is very high.
Therefore, the concrete mix is too wet. This type of concrete is not appropriate for the
slump test and concrete to be retested (Lecture notes).
Page 27 of
Page 28 of
Figure 30 - Collapsed Slump
(Anon., n.d.)
Table 4 – Measurement of Workability from Slump Test
Workability Slump (mm) Uses
Very Low 0 – 25 Road
Roads, Mass Concrete work,

Low 25 – 50 Reinforce concrete work
with or without vibration
Flat Slabs using crushed

aggregate, Normally R.C.
Medium 25 – 100 work manually compacted
and heavily Reinforced
Concrete with vibrations
For section with congested

High 100 – 175 reinforcement, Not normally
suitable for vibration
(Vazirani & Chandola, 2012)
Page 29 of
In the practical test of the Slump Test, we were got 10mm True slump in
the first time. We were done the test once again, then as the result was come 150mm
Collapsed slump. We were getting the collapsed slump because that the concrete mix was
added too much water. It means that the concrete mixture is too wet and it is a high
workability mix. According to these results, the collapsed slump is not appropriate for the
slump test and only the true slump is appropriate for the slump test. And also, 10mm true
slump has very low workability and this concrete is suitable for the road constructions
according to above table 4.
Figure 31 - How the group

members were measured the True slump
Figure 32 - How the group

members were measured the Collapsed slump
Page 30 of
 The Factors that could be affected our result
The following are some factors affecting the workability of concrete.
 Cement Content of concrete

 Water Content of concrete
 Mix Proportions of concrete
 Size, Shape, Grading & Surface Texture of Aggregates
 Use of Admixtures in concrete
 Use of supplementary cementitious materials
(Vazirani & Chandola, 2012)
In our Slump test practical, we used the ratio of cement, fine aggregate (sand),
coarse aggregate (metal) and water to 1: 2: 4: ½ for the concrete mixture. The amount of
water is the most important factor of the concrete mix for the hydration process (Water
reaction for the concrete process). Water affects the properties of concrete, especially the
setting and hardening process. According to which the water is affected to the slump test. For
the first time, we are added water to the concrete mix then, the concrete mix got the dry
situation. Because where we prepared the concrete mix, the top surface was absorbed some
water from the concrete mix.
Figure 33 - How the top surface has absorbed some water from the concrete mix
Page 31 of
And also, when the slump test practical was done, the materials of the concrete
mix were wastage in different kinds of ways. In the above paragraph described one kind of
way. When considering the other ways, another way is what we used the cement to spread
through the air because of the wind. Then the amount of cement in the concrete mix is
reduced. And on that day had rainy conditions.
Furthermore, when mixing the materials such as aggregates of the concrete mix,
they were spread everywhere.
Figure 34 - How the coarse aggregates spread when mixing the concrete mix
 The importance of the test
In the Slump Test is measured the workability of the fresh concrete. The
importance of the Slump Test is to check and ensure the consistency in the concrete. The
Slump test is done to checks to see quickly if the concrete is suitable for use. According to
Table 4, it is shown whether to use that the concrete specimen is used for the purpose of what
kind of constructions for the different slump values.
Page 32 of
6.0 Conclusion
 In the Slump Test is determined the workability of fresh concrete. Therefore, the slump
test is measured the consistency of fresh concrete before it sets.
 The apparatus of the slump cone, tamping rod, scoop and base plate are used for doing
the slump test.
 The ratio of cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate and water to 1: 2: 4: ½ were used
to prepare the concrete mixture.
 The difference in level between the height of the slump cone and the highest point of the
concrete specimen is measured. This difference in height is taken as the slump value of
concrete.
 While the different types of slump have, but according to our slump test result, we got the
true slump and collapsed slump in 2 times testing.
 According to our results, we were done our slump practical test in very successfully.
 But some of the factors such as the first time water and after we added water, then the
concrete mix is too wet, the cement is spread through the air because of the wind and
when mixing the material of concrete mix, they were spread everywhere were affected
our slump results.
 However, our slump practical test was a success and we got the idea such as how to do
the slump test, the situation of freshly mixed concrete and how to do the practicals in the
practical lab with safety, how to use the material of concrete, how to prepare the good
concrete mix are some of them.
 Finally, I would like to thank our guide Ms. Eeshani Perera in our practical tests to give
your knowledge clearly to us.
 And also, I think these practical tests benefit a lot on my subject and for my future as it
prepares me to overcome many upcoming problems. Overall, it was a great experience for
me.
Page 33 of
7.0 References
 Anon., n.d. Aggregates. [Online]

Available at: https://5.imimg.com/data5/EY/NH/MY-15393264/40-mm-construction-
aggregate-500x500.jpg
 Anon., n.d. Cement. [Online]

Available at:
data:image/jpeg;base64,/9j/4AAQSkZJRgABAQAAAQABAAD/2wCEAAkGBxMTEh
MTExMVFhUXGRoYGBgYGBgdGBobGxkaGxoYFxcYHSggGholHRgXITEhJSorLi4
uGh8zODMsNygtLisBCgoKDg0OFxAQFysdHR0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0
tLS0tLy0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLf/AABEIAOEA4QMBIgACEQEDEQH/
 Anon., n.d. Concrete Slump Test for Workability -Procedure and Results. [Online]
Available at: https://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=https%3A%2F
%2Ftheconstructor.org%2Fwp- content%2Fuploads%2F2010%2F03%2FConcrete-
Slump
 Anon., n.d. Horizontal Base Plate. [Online]

Available at: https://encrypted-
tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTun0qdJ9AnDKeDdZ4CfIz0Z2dxFcLthXHMDI
4WvQSVaMEltdhZ
 Anon., n.d. Materials of Concrete mix. [Online]

Available at:
USEhIWFhUXGB4YFhgXGRogHRoeIR8aGB4dGh4YICkgGh0lHh8gIjEiJikrLi4uGB8z
ODMsNygtLisBCgoKDg0OGxAQGy0mICUtLS0tLy4rLS0vLy0tLS0tLS0tLS8tLi0tLS8t
LS0vLS0tLy8tLS0tLS0tLS8tLS0tLf/AABEIAH8BiwMBEQACEQEDEQH/
 Anon., n.d. Measuring Scale. [Online]

Available at: https://encrypted-
tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRpbqmbJVlq6oiybcYMskV9tRf5W-
kAANccC_sVk3VpKE76c-8O
Page 34 of
 Anon., n.d. Scoop. [Online]

Available at:
USExMVFhUWFxgXFxgYGBkVFxgYFRcXFxcXFxUaHSggHx0lGxgaITEjJSkrLjAuF
x8zODMsNygtLisBCgoKDg0NFw8QFy0dHR0rLS0tLSstLS0tKy0tLS0tLS0tLS0tKy0rL
S0rLS4tKy0tLS0tLS03LS0wLS0tLS04Lf/AABEIALYBFAMBIgACEQEDEQH/
 Anon., n.d. Slump Cone. [Online]

Available at: https://www.eplatform.in/image/cache/catalog/All-CPR-Product-
Images/CPR-59-5%20(3)-1600x1200.jpg
 Anon., n.d. Tamping Rod. [Online]

Available at:
data:image/jpeg;base64,/9j/4AAQSkZJRgABAQAAAQABAAD/2wCEAAkGBwgHBh
UUBwgWFhUXGB0aFRcXGBkbFRggGhgXIB0aIx4fKCghHh0oIBUXIjUtJSkrMi4uFx
8zODcsNygtLisBCgoKDg0OFxAQGi0lHx0rNy0tLSstLSstKy0rLSs3LS0tMS0rLS0tLTc
rKy0tLS0tLS0tLTcrKy0tLS0tKy0rK//AABEIAJkBSgMBIgACEQEDEQH/
 Anon., n.d. Tape Measure. [Online]

Available at:
data:image/jpeg;base64,/9j/4AAQSkZJRgABAQAAAQABAAD/2wCEAAkGBxITEhM
QExEVFRUWGBgVFxcYFxUWGBgVGBgWFxgVGhUYHSggGBolGxYVITEjJSkrLi4
uFx8zODMtNygtLisBCgoKDg0OFxAQGyshICUtLTctLysvLTIrLS01LSstKy0tNy0tLSs
tNS0xNysvLTcuLS0tNS0xLS0tLS0rLCsrNf/AABEIALcBEwMBIgACEQEDEQH/
 Anon., n.d. Water. [Online]

Available at: https://www.featurepics.com/StockImage/20130430/water-in-bucket-stock-
photo-2684851.jpg
 Anon., n.d. What is concrete slump test? step-by-step procedure. [Online]

Available at: https://civiltoday.com/civil-engineering-materials/concrete/79-concrete-
slump-test-standard-equipment-procedures-cautions
 Vazirani, P. V. & Chandola, P. S., 2012. Concrete Technology. 6th ed. Delhi:
KHANNA PUBLISHERS.
Page 35 of
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HND in Civil Engineering

OBJECTIVES OF THIS ASSESMENT IS TO LET THE STUDENT:

 Perform laboratory experiments safely and deal with recording, analyzing

ASSESSMENT STRATEGY AND METHODS

Assessment 01 COURSEWORK(CW) Investigative Report – 1500 30% Week 7

Written Examination (Closed Book – Week 17

Laboratory Experiment No. 01 – Slump Test

ICBT Higher National Diploma in Civil Engineering

2.0 Apparatus & Materials...............................................................................................10

Table 1 –Quantities of using materials of concrete mix......................................................14

Table 2 - Record measurements were taken from the Slump Test....................................20

Table 3 – Record measurements taken from the Slump Test..........................................212

Table 4 - Measurement of Workability from Slump Test................................................235

Figure 2 - Concrete Slump Test Kit Set...............................................................................10

Figure 3 - Slump Cone...........................................................................................................10

Figure 4 – Measurements of Slump Cone............................................................................11

Figure 5 - Horizontal Base Plate...........................................................................................11

Figure 6 - Tamping Rod........................................................................................................12

Figure 8 - Tape Measure........................................................................................................12

Figure 9 - Measuring Scale....................................................................................................13

Figure 10 - Materials of Concrete mixture..........................................................................13

Figure 12 - Coarse Aggregates (Metal)................................................................................14

Figure 13 - Fine Aggregates (Sand)......................................................................................15

Figure 15 - Mix the concrete mixture by the group members...........................................16

Figure 23 - How the True slump came to the first time......................................................22

Figure 24 - How the Collapsed slump came to the second time.........................................22

Figure 25 - Results we got in the Slump Test.......................................................................22

Figure 26 - Types of Concrete Slump Test Results.............................................................24

Figure 27 - Zero Slump..........................................................................................................24

Figure 28 - True Slump..........................................................................................................25

Figure 29 - Shear Slump........................................................................................................25

Figure 30 - Collapsed Slump.................................................................................................26

In the Slump Test is determined the workability of freshly mixed

2.0 Apparatus & Materials

Figure 2 - Concrete Slump Test Kit Set (Anon., n.d.)

1. Slump Cone (Mold)

Figure 3 - Slump Cone (Anon., n.d.)

Figure 4 – Measurements of Slump Cone (Anon., n.d.)

 The Slump Cone is used to place the fresh concrete mix.

2. Non-Porous Horizontal Base Plate

Figure 5 - Horizontal Base Plate (Anon., n.d.)

 The Horizontal Base Plate is used to place the slump cone.

Figure 6 - Tamping Rod (Anon., n.d.)

Figure 7 - Scoop (Anon., n.d.)

Figure 8 - Tape Measure (Anon., n.d.)

 Measuring Tape is used to measure the value of Slump.

Figure 9 - Measuring Scale (Anon., n.d.)

 Measuring Scale is used to measure the materials of the concrete mix.

Figure 10 - Materials of Concrete mixture (Anon., n.d.)

Figure 11 - Cement (Anon., n.d.)

2. Coarse Aggregates (Metal)

Figure 12 - Coarse Aggregates (Metal) (Anon., n.d.)

3. Fine Aggregates (Sand)

Figure 13 - Fine Aggregates (Sand) (Anon., n.d.)

Figure 14 - Water (Anon., n.d.)

Quantities 3.465 1.87 6.105 15.62

Table 1 - Quantities of using materials of concrete mix

 Mix ratio of Cement : Fine Aggregate : Coarse Aggregate = 1 : 2 : 4

Figure 15 - Mix the concrete mixture by the group members

10. The measurement was recorded to the nearest ¼ in.

2 150 Collapsed Slump

Table 2 – Record measurements were taken from the Slump Test

Figure 23 - How the True slump came to the first time