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[Ind14] Indrzejczak, A. (2014), ‘‘Powstanie i ewolucja dedukcji naturalnej’’, Filozofia Nauki, 22 (2):
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[Ciuc05] Ciuciura, J. (2005), ‘‘On the da Costa, Dubikajtis and Kotas’ System of Discursive Logic,
¿
D2’’, Logic and Logical Philosophy, 14: 235-252.
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[Ciuc06] Ciuciura, J. (2006), ‘‘A Quasi-Discursive System ND 2 ’’, Notre Dame Journal of Formal
Logic, 47(3): pp. 371-384.
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(2): pp. 81-92.
[Nas14] Nasieniewski, M. and A. Pietruszczak, (2014) ‘‘Axiomatization of minimal modal logics
defining Jaśkowski’s-like discussive logics’’, in A. Indrzejczak, J. Kaczmarek and M. Zawidzki
(Eds.), Trends in Logic XIII, Gentzen’s and Jaśkowski’s heritage 80 years of natural deduction and
sequent calculi, pp. 149-163.
[OmAl18] Omori, H. and J. Alama, (2018), ‘‘Axiomatizing Jaśkowski’s discussive logic D2’’, Studia
Logica, 106 (6): pp. 1163-1180.
[Kot71] Kotas, J. (1971), ‘‘On the Algebra of Classes of Formulae of Jaśkowski’s Discussive
System’’, Studia Logica, T. XXVII, pp. 81-91.
[Mor70] Moraes, L. de, (1970), ‘‘Sobre a Lógica Discursiva de Jaśkowski’’, Master Thesis, USP.
[Mor85] Moraes, L. de, (1985), ‘‘On discussive set theory’’, Bulletin of the Section of Logic, 14 (4),
pp. 144-148.
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Modular Logic’’, Studia Logica, 33 (3), pp. 273-275.
[Fur75] Furmanowski, T. (1975), ‘‘Remarks on Discussive Propositional Calculus’’, Bulletin of the
Section of Logic, 4 (1), pp. 33-36.
[OmAl18] Omori H. and J. Alama, (2018), ‘‘Axiomatizing Jaśkowski’s Discussive Logic D2’’,
Studia Logica, 106 (6): pp. 1163-1180.
Błaszczuk, J.J. and W. Dziobiak, (1977), ‘‘Modal logics connected with systems S4n of Sobociński’’,
Studia Logica, 36, pp. 151-164.

[Perz75] Perzanowski, J. (1975) ‘‘On M-fragments and L-fragments of normal modal propositional
logics’’, Reports on Mathematical Logic 5, pp. 63-72.

Błaszczuk J.J. and W. Dziobiak, (1976), ‘‘An axiomatization of Mn-counterparts for some modal
logics’’, Reports on Mathematical Logic 6, pp. 3-6.

[Bła84] Błaszczuk, J. J. (1984), ‘‘Some Paraconsistent Sentential Calculi’’, Studia Logica, 43 (1/2),
pp. 51-61.

[KotCo89] Kotas, J. and N.C.A. da Costa, (1989), ‘‘Problems of Modal and Discussive Logics’’, in
G. Priest, R. Routley and J. Norman (Eds.), Paraconsistent Logic: Essays on the inconsistent,
Philosophia Verlag.

[CosDor95] da Costa, N.C.A and F. Doria, (1995), ‘‘On Jaśkowski’s Discussive Logics’’, Studia
Logica, 54 (1), pp. 33-60.

[NaPie08] Nasieniewski, M. and A. Pietruszczak, (2008), ‘‘The weakest regular modal logic defining
Jaśkowski’s logic D2’’, Bulletin of the Section of Logic, 37 (3/4), pp. 197-210.

[NaPie11] Nasieniewski, M. and A. Pietruszczak, (2011), ‘‘A method of generating modal logics
defining Jaśkowski’s discussive logic D2’’, Studia Logica, 97 (1), pp.161-182.

[MruNa20] Mruczek-Nasieniewska, K. and M. Nasieniewski, (2020), ‘‘On correspondence of

standard modalities and negative ones on the basis of regular and quasi-regular logics’’, Studia
Logica, 108, pp. 1087-1123.

[MruNa18] Mruczek-Nasieniewska, K. and M. Nasieniewski, (2018), ‘‘A characterization of some Z-

like logics’’, Logica Universalis, 12 (1-2).

[MruNa09] Mruczek-Nasieniewska, K. and M. Nasieniewski, (2009), ‘‘Béziau’s logics obtained by

means of quasi-regular logics’’, Bulletin of the Section of Logic, 38 (3/4), pp. 189-203.

[MruNa17] Mruczek-Nasieniewska, K. and M. Nasieniewski, (2017), ‘‘Logics with impossibility as

the negation and regular extensions of the deontic logic D2’’, Bulletin of the Section of Logic, 46 (3-4),
pp. 261-280.

[MruNa08] Mruczek-Nasieniewska, K. and M. Nasieniewski, (2008), ‘‘Paraconsistent logics obtained

by J.-Y. Béziau’s method by means of some non-normal modal logics’’, Bulletin of the Section of
Logic 37 (3/4), pp. 185-196.
[Béz06] Béziau, J.-Y. (2006), ‘‘The paraconsistent logic Z. A possible solution to Jaśkowski’s
problem’’, Logic and Logical Philosophy, 15 (2), pp. 99-111.

[NaPie12] Nasieniewski, M. and A. Pietruszczak, (2012), ‘‘On the weakest modal logics defining
Jaśkowski’s logic D2 and the D2-consequence’’, Bulletin of the Section of Logic, 41(3/4), pp. 215-232.

[NaPie13] Nasieniewski, M. and A. Pietruszczak , (2013), ‘‘On modal logics defining Jaśkowski’s
D2-consequence’’, in K. Tanaka, F. Berto, E. Mares and F. Paoli (Eds.), Paraconsistency: Logic and
Applciations, Logic, Epistemology and the Unity of Science Series, Springer, pp. 141-160.
\
[MruNa19] Mruczek-Nasieniewska, K. and M. Nasieniewski, (2019), ‘‘A Kotas-style characterization
of minimal discussive logic’’, Axioms, 8 (108).

[MruNaP19] Mruczek-Nasieniewska, K. and M. Nasieniewski, A. Pietruszczak, (2019), ‘‘A modal

extension of Jaśkowski’s discussive logic D2’’, Logic Journal of the IGPL, 27, pp. 451-477.

[Omo19] [HaEc9] Alves, E. H. and A. E. Consalvo (2009), ‘‘Contribuiões do Professor Lafayette de

Moraes para o Desenvolvimiento da Lógica Matemática no Brasil’’ (Contributions by Professor
Lafayette de Moraes to the Development of Mathematical Logic in Brazil), Cognitio, 10 (2), pp. 185-
190.
Omori, H. (2019), ‘‘Observations on Jaśkowski’s discussive logic’’ in Proceedings of XI Conference
‘‘Smirnov readings in logic’’, p. 77-79.

[Meh06] Meheus, J. (2006), ‘‘An adaptive logic based on Jaśkowski’s approach to paraconsistency’’
Journal of Philosophical Logic, 35 (6), pp. 539-567.

[Meh06] Meheus, J., (2006), ‘‘Discussive adaptive logics: handling internal and external
inconsistencies’’, in Poznan Studies in the Philosophy of the Sciences and the Humanities, 91 (1), pp.
211-223.

[Urc02] Urchs, M. (2002), ‘‘On the role of adjunction in para(in)consistent logic’’ in Walter A.
Carnielli, Marcelo E. Coniglio and Itala M. Loffredo D’Ottaviano (Eds.), Paraconsistency the logical
way to the inconsistent, Marcel Dekker, pp. 487-499.

[KotCo78] Kotas, J., and N.C.A. da Costa, (1978), ‘‘On the Problem of Jaśkowski and the logics of
Łukasiewicz’’ in A.I. Arruda et al. (eds.), Proceedings of the First Brazilian Conference, Marcel
Dekker, New York, pp. 127-139.

[Urc86] Urchs, M. (1986), ‘‘On two systems of Stanisław Jaśkowski’’, The Journal of Non-Classical
Logic, 3 (1), pp. 25-32.

[MorAb04] de Moraes, L. and J. M. Abe, (2004), ‘‘Some results on Jaśkowski’s discursive logic’’,
Logic and Logical Philosophy, T. 9(9), pp. 25-33.

[Na01] Nasieniewski, M. (2001), ‘‘A comparison of two approaches to paraconsistency: Flemish and
Polish’’, Logic and Logical Philosophy, 9, pp. 47-74.
Axiomatization of the discussive logic D2, and different calculus presentations for D2

(1968) da Costa and Dubikajtis, ‘‘Sur la logique discursive de Jaśkowski’’

(1974) Kotas, ‘‘The Axiomatization of Stanisław Jaśkowski Discussive System’’. In this study, Kotas
showed that the discussive system is finitely axiomatizable.
(1977)* da Costa and Dubikajtis, ‘‘On Jaśkowski’s Discussive Logic’’. In the work, da Costa and
Dubikajtis replaced Jaśkowki’s discussive conjunction with one where the translation of the
l
discussive conjunction ‘possibilitate’ the first conjunct namely, f(A∧d B) = ♢f(A) ∧ f(B). Furthermore,
they extend this new system, and axiomatize it.

(1979) Kotas and da Costa, ‘‘A New Formulation of Discussive Logic’’. In the work, Kotas and da
l
Costa introduce a natural deduction system for the discussive logic with A∧dB.

(1980) Dubikajtis, Dudek and Konior, ‘‘On axiomatics of Jaśkowski’s discussive propositional
calculus’’. In this paper, the authors investigated da Costa and Dubikajtis work of (1977)*. They
showed the dependence of the axioms without negation, and reduced them.
(1981) Achtelik, Dubikajtis, Dudek and Konior, ‘‘On Independence of Axioms of Jaśkowski
Discussive Propositional Calculus’’. In this paper, the authors investigated da Costa and Dubikajtis
work of (1977)*. They showed the dependence of the axioms with negation, and reduced them.

(2005) Ciuciura, ‘‘On the da Costa, Dubikajtis and Kota’s System of Discursive Logic’’. In this paper,
Ciuciura observed that da Costa and Dubikajtis’ axiomatization from (1977) resulted in a different
system from the discussive logic D2.1 He introduced another axiomatization for da Costa and
Dubikajtis’ system using less axioms.
+¿¿
(2006) Ciuciura, ‘‘A Quasi-Discursive System ND 2 ’’. In this paper, Ciuciura considered a variant
of the discussive logic in which a discussive negation ~d is introduced. The intuitive meaning of a
formula ~d A is to be read as ‘some participant rejects A’.
(2008) Ciurciura, ‘‘Frontiers of the discursive logic’’. In this paper, Ciuciura calls attention, again, to
the fact that da Costa and Dubikajtis’ system is not an axiomatization for D2. He then proposes an
axiomatization for D2.

(2014) Nasieniewski and Pietruszczak, ‘‘Axiomatization of minimal modal logics defining

Jaśkowski’s-like discussive logics’’. In this work Nasieniewski and Pietruszczak presented
axiomatizations of modal logics that can be used to define the discussive logic D2.

Algebraization of D2 and mathematical theories based on D2

(1968) Kotas, ‘‘On the Algebra of Classes of Formulae of Jaśkowski’s Discussive System’’. In this
work, Kotas investigates what is the algebra of the system D2 as a mathematical theory that
corresponds to a given logical system.
(1970) de Moraes, ‘‘Sobre a Lógica Discursiva de Jaśkowski’’. This is a master thesis devoted to
present a first-order discussive logic different from the one presented by da Costa and Dubikajtis. It
also discusses the prospects of a discussive set theory based on that system of logic.
(1985) de Moraes, ‘‘On discussive set theory’’. In this paper, de Moraes introduces a ‘discussive’ set
theory based on a first-order logic with equality using the modal system S5.
(1977) Kotas and da Costa, ‘‘On some Modal Logical Systems Defined in Connexction with
Jaśkowski’s problem’’ In this paper, Kotas and da Costa investigate different ♢-counterparts of
several modal systems other than S5.

Semantics and Modal logic counterparts of D2, and other discussive systems

1
This is more or less obvious given the fact that da Costa and Dubikajtis axiomatized the system with a
different conjunction.`
(1974) Kotas ‘‘On Quantity of Logical Values in the Discussive D2 System and in Modular Logic’’.
In this paper showed that the discussive logic is characterized by an infinite quantity of values.
(1975) Furmanowski, ‘‘Remarks on Discussive Propositional Calculus’’. In this work, Furmanowski
shows that for any modal system M intermediate between S4 and S5 (S4⊆M⊆S5), the discussive
system D(M) based on M is equal to D2. The idea is that one can use a different system than S5 to
model exactly the discussive logic D2.
(1975) Perzanowski, ‘‘On M-fragments and L-fragments of normal modal propositional logics’’. In
this paper, Perzanoiwski discuss the □-counterparts and ♢-counterparts of different modal systems.

Perzanowski, J. (1975) ‘‘On M-fragments and L-fragments of normal modal propositional logics’’,
Reports on Mathematical Logic 5, pp. 63-72.

Błaszczuk J.J. and W. Dziobiak, (1976), ‘‘An axiomatization of Mn-counterparts for some modal
logics’’, Reports on Mathematical Logic 6, pp. 3-6.

(1976) Błaszczuk and Dziobiak, ‘‘An axiomatization of Mn- couterparts for some modal logics’’. In
this work Błaszczuk and Dziobiak investigate the problem of the axiomatization of Mn-counterparts of
different modal systems.

(1977) Błaszczuk and Dziobiak, ‘‘Modal logics connected with systems S4 n of Sobociński’’. In this
paper Błaszczuk and Dziobiak study the ♢-counterparts of modal systems of Sobociński as one of
Sobociński’s system can be used to define the modal logic D2.

Błaszczuk, J.J. and W. Dziobiak, (1977), ‘‘Modal logics connected with systems S4n of Sobociński’’,
Studia Logica, 36, pp. 151-164.

(1984) Błaszczuk, ‘‘Some Paraconsistent Sentential Calculi’’. Let M be some chain of ♢,□ and ~. In
this paper, Błaszczuk investigates the systems that result by means of the following proposition:
A is a thesis of X if and only if M(A) is a thesis of the modal logic Y.

Błaszczuk, J. J. (1984), ‘‘Some Paraconsistent Sentential Calculi’’, Studia Logica, 43 (1/2), pp. 51-61.

(1991995) Kotas and da Costa ‘‘Problems of Modal and Discussive Logics’’. In this paper, Kotas and
da Costa listed some open problems around the discussive logic D2, as to whether certain discussive
systems based on different modal logics are axiomatizable or not, algebraization of different modal
systems, modal logics based on different non-classical logics

Kotas, J. and N.C.A. da Costa, (1989), ‘‘Problems of Modal and Discussive Logics’’, in G. Priest, R.
Routley and J. Norman (Eds.), Paraconsistent Logic: Essays on the inconsistent, Philosophia Verlag.

(1995) da Costa and Doria, ‘‘On Jaśkowski’s Discussive Logics’’. In the paper, da Costa and Doria
discussed the idea of pragmatic truth and some views on the foundation of physics in the context of
discussive logic.

da Costa, N.C.A and F. Doria, (1995), ‘‘On Jaśkowski’s Discussive Logics’’, Studia Logica, 54 (1),
pp. 33-60.
(2008) Nasieniewski and Pietruszczak, ‘‘The weakest regular modal logic defining Jaśkowski’s logic
D2’’. In this work Nasieniewski and Pietruszczak considered different modal logics to define the
discussive logic.

Nasieniewski, M. and A. Pietruszczak, (2008), ‘‘The weakest regular modal logic defining
Jaśkowski’s logic D2’’, Bulletin of the Section of Logic, 37 (3/4), pp. 197-210.

(2011) Nasieniewski and Pietruszczak, ‘‘A method of generating modal logics defining Jaśkowski’s
discussive logic D2’’. In this paper, Nasieniewski and Pietruszczak provide a method to obtain modal
logics (of different kinds) that can be used to define the discussive logic D2.

Nasieniewski, M. and A. Pietruszczak, (2011), ‘‘A method of generating modal logics defining
Jaśkowski’s discussive logic D2’’, Studia Logica, 97 (1), pp.161-182. I

(2012) Nasieniewski and Pietruszczak, ‘‘On the weakest modal logics defining Jaśkowski’s logic D 2
and the D2-consequence’’. In this work, Nasieniewski and Pietruszczak studied different modal logics
that can be used to define the discussive logic D2. They specified that the discussive logic D2 can be
presented either as a set of discussive formulas or as a consequence relation, and they provide modal
logics for either of the two ways.

Nasieniewski, M. and A. Pietruszczak, (2012), ‘‘On the weakest modal logics defining Jaśkowski’s
logic D2 and the D2-consequence’’, Bulletin of the Section of Logic, 41(3/4), pp. 215-232.

(2013) Nasieniewski and Pietruszczak, ‘‘On modal logics defining Jaśkowski’s D 2-consequence’’

Nasieniewski, M. and A. Pietruszczak , (2013), ‘‘On modal logics defining Jaśkowski’s D2-
consequence’’, in K. Tanaka, F. Berto, E. Mares and F. Paoli (Eds.), Paraconsistency: Logic and
Applications, Logic, Epistemology and the Unity of Science Series, Springer, pp. 141-160. In this
paper, Nasieniewski and Pietruszczak considered other modal logics alternative to S5 that can be used
to define the logic S5.

(2019) Mruczek-Nasieniewska and Nasieniewski, ‘‘A Kotas-style characterization of minimal

discussive logic’’
Mruczek-Nasieniewska, K. and M. Nasieniewski, (2019), ‘‘A Kotas-style characterization of minimal
discussive logic’’, Axioms, 8 (108).

(2019) Mruczek-Nasieniewska, Nasieniewski and Pietruszczak, ‘‘A modal extension of Jaśkowski’s

discussive logic D2’’

Mruczek-Nasieniewska, K. and M. Nasieniewski, A. Pietruszczak, (2019), ‘‘A modal extension of

Jaśkowski’s discussive logic D2’’, Logic Journal of the IGPL, 27, pp. 451-477.

Generalization of discussive logics: discussive consequence and discussive negation

(2005) Mruczek-Nasieniewska and Nasieniewski, ‘‘Syntactical and semantical characterization of a
class of paraconsistent logics’’

Mruczek-Nasieniewska, K. and M. Nasieniewski, (2005), ‘‘Syntactical and semantical

characterization of a class of paraconsistent logics’’, Bulletin of the Section of Logic, 34 (4), pp. 229-
248.

(2006) Béziau, ‘‘The paraconsistent logic Z- A possible solution to Jaśkowski’s problem’’

Béziau, J.-Y. (2006), ‘‘The paraconsistent logic Z. A possible solution to Jaśkowski’s problem’’,
Logic and Logical Philosophy, 15 (2), pp. 99-111.

(2008) Mruczek-Nasieniewska and Nasieniewski, ‘‘Paraconsistent logics obtained by J.-Y. Béziau’s

method by means of some non-normal modal logics’’

Mruczek-Nasieniewska, K. and M. Nasieniewski, (2008), ‘‘Paraconsistent logics obtained by J.-Y.

Béziau’s method by means of some non-normal modal logics’’, Bulletin of the Section of Logic 37
(3/4), pp. 185-196.

(2009) Mruczek-Nasieniewska and Nasieniewski, ‘‘Béziau’s logics obtained by means of quasi-

regular logics’’

Mruczek-Nasieniewska, K. and M. Nasieniewski, (2009), ‘‘Béziau’s logics obtained by means of

quasi-regular logics’’, Bulletin of the Section of Logic, 38 (3/4), pp. 189-203.

(2017) Mruczek-Nasieniewska and Nasieniewski, ‘‘Logics with impossibility as the negation and
regular extensions of the deontic logic D2’’

Mruczek-Nasieniewska, K. and M. Nasieniewski, (2017), ‘‘Logics with impossibility as the negation

and regular extensions of the deontic logic D2’’, Bulletin of the Section of Logic, 46 (3-4), pp. 261-
280.

(2018) Mruczek-Nasieniewska and Nasieniewski, ‘‘A characterization of some Z-like logics’’

Mruczek-Nasieniewska, K. and M. Nasieniewski, (2018), ‘‘A characterization of some Z-like logics’’,
Logica Universalis, 12 (1-2).

(2020) Mruczek-Nasieniewska and Nasieniewski, ‘‘On correspondence of standard modalities and

negative ones on the basis of regular and quasi-regular logics’’

Mruczek-Nasieniewska, K. and M. Nasieniewski, (2020), ‘‘On correspondence of standard modalities

and negative ones on the basis of regular and quasi-regular logics’’, Studia Logica, 108, pp. 1087-
1123.

Extensions and expansions of the logic D2, related paraconsistent logics, and philosophical view on discussive logics

(1978) Kotas and da Costa, ‘‘On the problem of Jaśkowski and the logics of Łukasiewicz’’. In this
paper Kotas and da Costa offer a solution to Jaśkowski’s problem of providing a calculus for
inconsistent systems that do not entail its triviality using Łukasiewicz’s logics with some expansions.

Kotas, J., and N.C.A. da Costa, ‘‘On the Problem of Jaśkowski and the logics of Łukasiewicz’’ in
A.I. Arruda et al. (eds.), Proceedings of the First Brazilian Conference, Marcel Dekker, New York,
pp. 127-139.

(1986) Urchs, ‘‘On two systems of Stanisław Jaśkowski’’. In this paper, Urchs defines a system for a
discussive logic that can also be used to study causal functions, namely, the representation of causal
relations. It thus combines Jaśkowski’s two main interests in mathematical logic.

Urchs, M. (1986), ‘‘On two systems of Stanisław Jaśkowski’’, The Journal of Non-Classical Logic, 3
(1), pp. 25-32.

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(2001) Nasieniewski, ‘‘A comparison of two approaches to paraconsistency: Flemish and Polish’’

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{A,~A}⊨B is not valid –this means that there is a formula A such that A,~A is true but B is not true–
because {A,~A}⊨ (A∧~A) is not valid.
Urchs, M. (2002), ‘‘On the role of adjunction in para(in)consistent logic’’ in Walter A. Carnielli,
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(2006) Meheus, ‘‘An adaptive logic based on Jaśkowski’s approach to paraconsistency’’

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(2019) Omori, ‘‘Observations on Jaśkowski’s discussive logic’’ in Proceedings of XI Conference

‘‘Smirnov readings in logic’’, p. 77-79.

Omori, H. (2019), ‘‘Observations on Jaśkowski’s discussive logic’’ in Proceedings of XI Conference

‘‘Smirnov readings in logic’’, p. 77-79.

>>>>>>>>For the sake of the exposition, I introduce the following terminology ([Perz75]) that will
be useful for the next part:
A ♢-counterpart of a modal logic M is the set of all theorems that belong to M whose first symbol is
♢. In its turn, a □-counterpart of a modal logic M is the set of all theorems that belong to M whose
first symbol is □. The discussive logic D2 is defined by the use of the ♢-counterpart of the modal
system S5 (see [KotdaC, p. 57]).>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>