K Eo Jvfevb: Avb B Ivm J

AvB‡b ivm~j AvjvBwn
Qvjvjvû
Iqvmvjvg
‫ه ا ا‬
†K eo jvfevb
Avãyi ivhhvK web BDmyd

`vIiv (Wej), fviZ; Kv‡gj (Wej)
gynvwÏQ, Avj-gviKvhyj Bmjvgx Avm-mvjvdx
bI`vcvov, ivRkvnx; m`m¨, `vi“j BdZv,
nv`xQ dvD‡Ûkb evsjv‡`k, KvRjv, ivRkvnx|
†gvevBj: 01717-088967
2 †K eo jvfevb
†K eo jvfevb
Avãyi ivh&hvK web BDmyd
cÖKvkK :
Avãyi ivh&hvK web BDmyd
bI`vcvov, †cvt mcyiv
_vbv-kvn gL`yg, ivRkvnx|
cÖ_g cÖKvk :
gynviig 1427 wnRix
†deª“qvix 2006 Cmvqx
gvN 1412 e½vã
wØZxq ms¯‹iY :
gynviig 1433 wnRix
wW‡m¤î 2011 Cmvqx
†cŠl 1418 e½vã
[†jLK KZ…©K me©¯^Z¡ msiw¶Z]
Kw¤úDUvi K‡¤úvR :
Z‚ev Kw¤úDUvi
bI`vcvov, †cvt mcyiv, ivRkvnx|
†gvevBj : 01717-088967|
wba©vwiZ g~j¨ : 50.00 (cÂvk) UvKv gvÎ|
K BORO LAVOBAN
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Muhaddis, Al-Markazul Islami As-Salafi, Nawdapara, P.O.
Spura, P.S. Shahmakhdum, Rajshahi. Mobile: 01717088967.
Fixed Price : Tk. 50.00 Only.
†K eo jvfevb 3
m~PxcÎ
f~wgKv ........................................................................... 5
Avj−vn hv‡K eo jvfevb e‡jb ............................................ 7
Avj−vni Aw¯—Z¡ m¤ú‡K© msw¶ß weeiY ................................... 10
gvjvBKv ev wdwikZvi cÖwZ Cgvb ......................................... 16
wKZv‡ei cÖwZ Cgvb ........................................................... 16
bex-ivm~jM‡Yi cÖwZ Cgvb .................................................. 16
¶gv cÖv_©bvKvix ................................................................ 17
Avj−vni `qv I ingZ cÖv_©bvKvix .......................................... 25
Avj−vni bvg ¯§iYKvix ....................................................... 28
Zvmexn cvVKvix ............................................................... 29
we‡kl cÖv_©bvKvix .............................................................. 35
Wvb Kv‡Z ï‡q †`vÔAv c‡o Nygš— e¨w³ .................................. 42
KziAvb †ZjvIqvKvix ........................................................ 43
my›ì K‡i Ih~Kvix ............................................................ 55
Ih~ K‡i `yÕivKvÕAvZ QvjvZ Av`vqKvix .................................. 65
†hme ¯’v‡b `yÕivKÔAvZ bdj QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv fvj ................. 72
gyqvhwhb ev Avhvb`vZv I DËi`vZv ....................................... 77
gmwR` wbg©vYKvix I gmwR‡` AvMgbKvix ............................... 84
QvjvZ Av`vqKvix ............................................................. 91
Qvjv‡Zi ci whKi I Zvmexn cvVKvix ................................... 102
iv‡Z QvjvZ Av`vqKvix ...................................................... 108
GkivK ev Pvk‡Zi QvjvZ Av`vqKvix .................................... 113
RygÕAvi QvjvZ Av`vqKvix .................................................. 115
†h †ivMx‡K †`L‡Z hvq I †h †ivMvµvš— nq ............................. 122
†h e¨w³ Rvbvhvi QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡Z hvq Ges hvi Rb¨ hvq ...... 129
hvi mš—vb evj¨ve¯’vq gviv hvq ............................................. 130
wQqvg cvjbKvix ............................................................... 135
n¾ cvjbKvix ................................................................. 146
4 †K eo jvfevb
Avj−vni iv¯—vq `vbKvix ...................................................... 157
FYMÖ¯‡— K AeKvk cÖ`vbKvix ................................................ 167
wRnv`Kvix ...................................................................... 169
wRnv` Kvi mv‡_ Ges KLb Ki‡Z n‡e ................................... 177
R½x Kg©KvÊ Bmjvg mg_©b K‡i bv ....................................... 178
AvZ¥NvwZ nvgjv Bmjv‡g êa bq .......................................... 180
gvbyl‡K fxwZ cÖ`k©b KivI nvivg ......................................... 183
gymwjg KLb nZ¨v‡hvM¨ ...................................................... 185
Agymwjg‡ì mv‡_ KLb hy× êa .......................................... 186
AZ¨vPvix kvm‡Ki AvbyMZ¨ Kiv hvq wK? ................................ 188
†K eo jvfevb 5
f‚wgKv

'
()*+, " -( . ! " # $ % # $ % &
: / ! +( /( & -( # 0 +-( ! ( 1 2 3 4 ( (5 6& 78 9 ! ( 6 8
4 ( 5( : # 0 9 "$; -(
@! , . # <; =#$> %
-( # 0 -( ! ( ?
9 /( #
Ô†K eo ¶wZMÖ¯—Õ eBwU †ei Kivi ci †_‡KB Ô†K eo jvfevbÕ bv‡g GKUv eB
†ei Kivi Avkv K‡iwQjvg| A‡bK Øxwb fvB GB bv‡g GKwU eB †ei Kivi Rb¨
Aby‡ivaI K‡i‡Qb| Avwg H bv‡g GKwU eB †jLvi Avkv †cvlY K‡i AvmwQjvg
Ges g‡b g‡b fvewQjvg †K eo jvfevb n‡Z cv‡i I wK Ki‡j eo jvfevb nIqv
hvq? gvbyl‡Zv g‡b K‡i `ywbqv‡Z bM` wKQy cvIqvi bvgB jvfevb nIqv| Avi
jvfevb nIqvi Avkvq gvbyl cwievi-cwiRb wb‡q g‡b-cÖv‡Y †Póv K‡i| ¯¿x
Avj−vni c¶ †_‡K GKwU eo AbyMÖn, Zv‡K g~j¨vqb bv K‡i Zvi gva¨‡g bM` wKQy
cvIqvi Avkvq DcvR©‡bi †h †Kvb †¶‡Î cvVv‡Z cÖ¯‘Z n‡”Q| eo jvfevb nIqvi
Avkvq gvbyl †Q‡j‡g‡qi wcQ‡b cÖPzi cwigv‡Y A_© LiP Ki‡Q| gvby‡li DcvR©‡bi
Ae¯’v †`‡L g‡b n‡”Q gvbyl †h †Kvb g~‡j¨ eo jvfevb n‡Z Pvq| GLb †`LwQ
m„wó I mªóv mK‡jB eo jvfevb nIqvi K_v e‡j| GRb¨ Avgiv Rvb‡Z PvB †K
eo jvfevb? wKfv‡e eo jvfevb nIqv hvq?
KziAvb I Qnxn nv`x‡Q eo jvfevb nIqvi c_ I cš’v _vKv m‡Ë¡I gvbyl Rvj-
hCd nv`xQ, wg_¨v Kvwnbx I wg_¨v Zvdmx‡ii wfwË‡Z eo jvfevb n‡Z Pvq, hv
Am¤¢e I Aev¯—e| gvbyl eo jvfevb nIqvi Avkvq Rvj-hCd nv`x‡Qi gva¨‡g
†ekx †ekx Avgj K‡i RvbœvZ wKb‡Z Pvq| A_P KziAvb I Qnxn nv`x‡Q ewY©Z
cš’vq ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi h_vh_ AbymiY Qvov Bev`‡Zi cwiYvg Rvnvbœvg| ivm~j
(Qvt)-Gi h_vh_ AbymiY Qvov gvby‡li dih, bdj †Kvb Bev`ZB Avj−vni wbKU
Keyj nq bv (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2728, Ôg`xbvi gh©v`v Aby‡”Q`Õ)| ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi
h_vh_ AbymiY Qvov †ekx †ekx QvjvZ, wQqvg I Zvmexn ZvnjxjKvix‡K ivm~j
(Qvt) nZ¨v Kivi Av‡`k w`‡q‡Qb Ges Ggb Bev`Z¸hvi e¨w³‡ì‡K hviv nZ¨v
Ki‡e Zviv me‡P‡q †ekx †bKxi AwaKvix n‡e e‡j wm×š— †ck K‡i‡Qb (eyLvix
2/1024c„t)| GRb¨ G eBwU‡Z Qnxn nv`x‡Qi gva¨‡g ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi h_vh_
6 †K eo jvfevb
AbymiY K‡i AwaK Avgj Kivi bgybv h_vmva¨ †ck Kiv n‡q‡Q| hv‡Z K‡i gvbyl
mwZ¨Kvi eo jvfevb n‡Z cv‡i| eBwU cv‡V mvaviY gymwjgMY DcK…Z n‡jB
Avgvi kªg mv_©K g‡b Kie|
eBwUi we‡kl êwkó¨ n‡”Q, Avwg †R‡b-ï‡b †Kvb hCd nv`x‡Qi Avkªq MÖnY
Kwiwb Ges AcÖ‡qvRbxq †Kvb K_v wKsev †Kvb wK”Qv-KvwnbxI †ck Kwiwb| †Kvb
gvhnve ev †Kvb e¨w³i gZvgZ †ck Kivi cÖ‡qvRb g‡b Kwiwb|
hviv eBwU cÖKv‡k wewfbœfv‡e mn‡hvwMZv K‡i‡Qb, Avwg Zv‡ì ïKwiqv Av`vq
Kwi| Avj−vn Zv‡ì Rvhv‡q Lv‡qi `vb Ki“b| Avgvi †Póv-cÖ‡Póvi cÖwZ`vb
`qvgq Avj−vn&i wbKU Lv‡jQ Aš—‡i GKvš—fv‡e BnKvj I ciKv‡j Kvgbv Kwi|
†mB mv‡_ gy`ªY Î“wUi Rb¨ Avgiv ¶gvcÖv_©x| cieZ©x ms¯‹i‡Y myax cvVK‡ì
mycivgk© cÖvwßi Avkvev` e¨³ KiwQ| Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv Avg‡ì‡K cweÎ KziAvb I
Qnxn nv`xQ Abyhvqx Rxeb hvc‡bi ZvIdxK w`b-Avgxb!
\ webxZ †jLK\
†K eo jvfevb 7
Avj−vn hv‡K eo jvfevb e‡jb

Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv †h‡nZz mevi †P‡q eo, mevi †P‡q Ávbx, mevi †P‡q eo wePviK,
mevi †P‡q eo mn‡hvMx, mevi †P‡q eo `vZv| GRb¨ Avgv‡ì Rvbv ìKvi wZwb
Kv‡K me‡P‡q eo jvfevb e‡j‡Qb? Zvici Rvb‡Z n‡e, gynv¤§v` (Qvt) gvbyl
wnmv‡e me‡P‡q eo gvbyl, wZwb Kv‡K eo jvfevb e‡j‡Qb? Gici Rvbe, mvaviY
gvbyl Kv‡K eo jvfevb e‡j?
Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv A‡bK gvbyl‡K wewfbœ K‡g©i Kvi‡Y eo jvfevb e‡j‡Qb| Avwg
Zvi `yÕGKUv bgybv †ck Kijvg|
Avj−vn e‡jb, @ B
(CD-( # "; A B& -( ÔwbðqB Avj−vni wbKU †mB me©vwaK
m¤£vš— †h me©vwaK ci‡nhMviÕ (nzRyivZ 13)| Ab¨Î wZwb Av‡iv e‡jb, F E
>9
@=H I
! ( 6& G
9 ÔAvi †h Avj−vn‡K fq K‡i Avj−vn Zvi Rb¨ wb®‹…wZi c_ K‡i
†`bÕ (ZvjvK 2)| Avj−vn Av‡iv e‡jb, @= 9 -(
! ( 6& G
9 F E >9 ÔAvi †h
e¨w³ Avj−vn‡K fq K‡i Avj−vn Zvi KvR‡K mnR K‡i †`bÕ (ZvjvK 4)|
Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv e‡jb, @=H
-( ! ( K 9 ! D()*, ! "; J A( 9 F E >9 Ô†h Avj−vn‡K
fq K‡i Avj−vn Zvi cvc †gvPb K‡ib Ges Zv‡K gnv cyi¯‹vi †`bÕ (ZvjvK 5)|
AÎ AvqvZ mg~n Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, ZvK¡Iqvkxj e¨w³ivB Avj−vni wbKU
me‡P‡q m¤§vbx| GivB g~jZ eo jvfevb|
Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv Avj−vn I Zuvi ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi Abymvix‡ì‡K eo jvfevb
e‡j‡Qb| Avj−vn e‡jb,
A ( 9 A ($; -( A ( R 7S
9 Q=#9# , /P O( O F CD> " N 9M 09L-( 9
@=$K ; =V 5( V (5 # C( 5( ! ( , . F T U 9 A
Ô†n Cgvb`viMY! Avj−vn‡K fq Ki Ges mwVK K_v ej| Avj−vn †Zvgv‡ì
Avgj‡K ms‡kvab Ki‡eb Ges †Zvgv‡ì Aciva ¶gv Ki‡eb| †h e¨w³ Avj−vn
Ges Zuvi ivm~‡ji AvbyMZ¨ K‡i †m eo jvfevbÕ (Avnhve 71)| c¶vš—‡i Avj−vn
e‡jb, ÔAvi †h e¨w³ Avj−vn I Zuvi ivm~‡ji AvbyMZ¨ K‡i bv †m eo ¶wZMÖ¯—Õ
(Avnhve 36)|
8 †K eo jvfevb
ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e‡jb, Ôhviv Avgvi AbymiY‡K D‡c¶v K‡i Zviv bvdigvb, Zviv
bvdigvb, Zviv bvdigvbÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2027)|
Ab¨Î wZwb e‡jb, Ôhviv Avgvi AbymiY K‡i bv Zviv Avgvi kixÔAv‡Zi Aš—f©y³
bqÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/145)| Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv A_© eÈ‡bi GK we¯—vwiZ
weei‡Yi ci e‡jb, ÔG n‡”Q Avj−vni wba©vwiZ wewaweavb ev mxgv| †h e¨w³ Avj−vn
I Zuvi ivm~‡ji AvbyMZ¨ K‡i Zv‡K Avj−vn Ggb Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek Kiv‡eb hvi
wbæ‡`k w`‡q SY©vaviv cÖevngvb i‡q‡Q| †mLv‡b Zviv wPiw`b _vK‡e| Avi GUvB
n‡”Q eo mdjZvÕ (wbmv 13)| GivB n‡”Q eo jvfevb| Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv eo
jvfevb‡ì ¸Yvejx D‡j−L K‡i e‡jb, Ôhviv Cgvb G‡b‡Q Ges
ci‡nRMvwiZvic_ Aej¤^b K‡i‡Q Zv‡ì †Kvb fq †bB Zv‡ì †Kvb Kó, `ytL,
†e`bv †bB| Zv‡ì Rb¨ BnKvj I ciKvj Dfq Rxe‡b i‡q‡Q mymsev`| Avj−vni
K_vi †Kvb cwieZ©b nq bv| GUvB n‡”Q eo mvdj¨Õ (BDbym 64)| Giv Dfq Rxe‡b
jvfevb|
Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv eo jvfevb‡ì cwiPq w`‡q e‡jb, Ô†n Avj−vn! Avcwb Zv‡ì‡K
Ag½j †_‡K i¶v Ki“b| wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b Avcwb hv‡K Ag½j †_‡K i¶v Ki‡eb
Ges Zvi cÖwZ AbyMÖn Ki‡eb| GUv n‡e gnv mvdj¨| (A_©vr wnmve-wbKvk MÖn‡Y
K‡VviZv Av‡ivc Ki‡eb bv| mgMÖ gvbe mgv‡Ri mvg‡b Rxe‡bi †Mvcb inm¨
DÑvUb Ki‡eb bv|) Ggb e¨w³i cÖwZ Zzwg `qv Ki‡j, GUvB n‡”Q eo mdjZv,
GivB eo jvfevb (gywgb 9)| hviv mwVK I wbf©yj AvK¡x`vq wek¦vmx I †bK Avg‡j
Af¨¯— Ges Cgv‡bi mZ¨Zv, h_v_©Zv I PvwiwÎK-ˆ`wnK wb®‹jylZv weav‡b
wb‡qvwRZ Zv‡ì e¨vcv‡i Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv e‡jb, Ô†m w`b †Zvgiv gywgb cyi“l I
¯¿x‡ì †`L‡e †h, Zv‡ì Av‡jv Zv‡ì mvg‡b mvg‡b Ges Zv‡ì Wvbw`‡K
†`Šov‡”Q| Zv‡ì‡K ejv n‡e AvR †Zvgv‡ì Rb¨ Ggb Rvbœv‡Zi mymsev`, hvi
wb‡æ SY©vaviv cÖevngvb i‡q‡Q| hv‡Z Zviv wPiKvj _vK‡e| Avi GUvB n‡”Q eo
mdjZvÕ (nv`x` 12)| Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv gywgb bvix-cyi“l‡K e‡jb, Ô†Zvgiv Avj−vn I
Zuvi ivm~‡ji cÖwZ Cgvb Avb, Avi wb‡Ri ab-gvj I AvÍvi wewbg‡q Avj−vni c‡_
wRnv` Ki| GUvB †Zvgv‡ì Rb¨ AZxe DËg, hw` †Zvgiv Rvb| G‡Z Avj−vn
†Zvgv‡ì ¸bvn ¶gv K‡i w`‡eb Ges †Zvgv‡ì‡K Ggb Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek Kiv‡eb
hvi wb‡æ SY©vaviv cÖevngvb i‡q‡Q Ges wPiKvj emev‡mi Rb¨ Rvbœv‡Z AZxe
DËg Ni `vb Ki‡eb| Avi GUvB n‡”Q eo mdjZvÕ (Qd 12)|
†K eo jvfevb 9
Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv eo jvfevb‡ì cwiPq D‡j−L K‡i e‡jb, †h e¨w³ Cgvb Av‡b
Ges mr Avgj K‡i Avj−vn Zvi cvc gy‡Q †d‡jb Ges Zv‡K Ggb Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek
Kiv‡eb, hvi Zj‡`‡k SY©vaviv cÖevngvb i‡q‡Q| Giv †mLv‡b wPiKvj _vK‡e|
Avi GUvB n‡”Q eo mdjZvÕ (ZvMve~b 9)| wZwb Av‡iv e‡jb, ÔwbðqB hviv Cgvb
Av‡b I mr Avgj K‡i Zv‡ì Rb¨ Ggb RvbœvZ i‡q‡Q hvi wb‡æ SY©vaviv
cÖevngvb| Avi GUvB n‡”Q eo mdjZvÕ (eyiƒR 11)|
wZwb Av‡iv e‡jb, @Y K
; Y H -( XW 0 ( '
%>S 7$ ; " N 9M : # ;
Ôhviv Cgvb Av‡b Ges mr Avgj K‡i Zv‡ì cÖwZ Avj−vni Iqv`v GB †h, Avj−vn
Zv‡ì fyj-åvwš— ¶gv Ki‡eb Ges Zv‡ì eo cÖwZdj w`‡ebÕ (gv‡q`vn 9)|
Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv eo jvfevb‡ì cwiPq D‡j−L K‡i Av‡iv e‡jb, Ô†Zvgiv hw`
Cgvb I Avj−vnfxwZ Aej¤^b Ki, Z‡e †Zvgiv eo cÖwZ`v‡bi AwaKvix n‡eÕ (Av‡j
Bgivb 179)| wZwb Av‡iv e‡jb, Ôhviv Cgvb Av‡b Ges mr Avgj K‡i Zv‡ì Rb¨
i‡q‡Q ¶gv I eo cÖwZdjÕ (dvwZi 7)| Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv Av‡iv e‡jb, hviv Zv‡ì
cÖwZcvjK‡K bv †`‡L fq K‡i, Zv‡ì Rb¨ i‡q‡Q ¶gv I eo cÖwZdjÕ (gyjK 12)|
D‡j−wLZ AvqvZ¸wji cÖwZ j¶¨ Ki‡j eySv hvq gvbyl Cgvb, mr Avgj I
Avj−vnfxwZi gva¨‡g eo jvfevb n‡Z cv‡i| myZivs jvfevb nIqvi cÖ_g kZ©
Cgvb| AZGe Cgvb wK wRwbm Zv Rvbv Avek¨K| wReivCj (Avt) bex Kixg
(Qvt-†K ej‡jb, Avgv‡K ejyb, Cgvb Kv‡K e‡j? ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb, ÔCgvb
n‡”Q Zzwg Avj−vni cÖwZ wek¦vm ivL‡e Ges wdwikZvM‡Yi cÖwZ, Zuvi wKZve mg~‡ni
cÖwZ, Zuvi bex-ivm~jM‡Yi cÖwZ, ciKv‡ji cÖwZ Ges fv‡Mï fvj-g‡›ì cÖwZ
wek¦vm ivL‡eÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2)|
GB welq¸wji cÖwZ Cgvb Avbvi Rb¨ Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv e‡jb, Z
( [ - $ Z , > N
@! 7, . ! <B ! A( ^4
( N 6\ B ( " ] $ & ! *. ! ( Ôivm~j Cgvb G‡b‡Qb
Hme e¯‘i cÖwZ hv Zuvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki c¶ †_‡K Zuvi cÖwZ AeZxY© Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges
gywgbMYI Cgvb G‡b‡Qb| ivm~j (Qvt) I gywgbMY cÖ‡Z¨‡KB Cgvb G‡b‡Qb
Avj−vni cÖwZ, Zuvi wdwikZvM‡Yi cÖwZ, Zuvi wKZve mg~‡ni cÖwZ Ges Zuvi
ivm~jM‡Yi cÖwZÕ (evK¡vivn 285)| Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv Ab¨Î e‡jb, A
& 9
@=# /P 4
(b 6 b
# C( 5( ` a& _ & ! 7, . ! <B ! A( ^(7 ÔAZGe †h wek¦vm K‡i
10 †K eo jvfevb
bv Avj−vn‡K, Zuvi wdwikZvMY‡K, Zuvi wKZve mg~n‡K, Zuvi ivm~jMY‡K Ges
wKqvgZ wèm‡K †m wbtm‡›`‡n mwVK c_ n‡Z eû `~‡i m‡i †M‡QÕ (wbmv 136)|
D‡j−L¨ †h, wZbwU wel‡qi Dci Cgvb Avb‡j Avj−vni cÖwZ Cgvb Avbv nq| (1)
Zuvi †`n I kixiMZ Aw¯—‡Z¡i Dci (2) Zuvi ¸Yvejxi Dci (3) Zuvi AwaKv‡ii
Dci|
Avj−vni Aw¯—Z¡ m¤ú‡K© msw¶ß weeiY :
`-( B # -( 6( D(O ( Z( (O 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O X( 9 3 c -( ;
@! D. e
d(7; _ 2 N E 7(` F g5( ! H & f
"G
7& 5(
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e‡jb, Ôhw` †Zvgv‡ì †KD †Kvb
e¨w³‡K gviai K‡i, Z‡e †m †hb gy‡Li Dci bv gv‡i| †Kbbv Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv
Av`g (Avt)-†K Zuvi AvK…wZ‡ZB m„wó K‡i‡QbÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/3525)| G
nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, Avj−vni gyLgÊj i‡q‡Q| Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv e‡jb, ! 7
! H > m(5( l D $"9k(5( j
$ & h
i
$ & Ôc~e© I cwð‡gi gvwjK Avj−vn| †Zvgiv
†h w`‡K †Zvgv‡ì gyLgÊj‡K wdiv‡e †mw`‡KB Avj−vni gyL i‡q‡QÕ (evK¡vivn 155)|
AÎ AvqvZ I nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, Avj−vni gyLgÊj i‡q‡Q| Avj−vn
e‡jb, ! & : B
. MJ %
9 ÔAvj−vn †Zvgv‡ì‡K ¯^xq bd‡mi fxwZ cÖ`k©b K‡ibÕ
(Av‡j Bgivb 30)| AÎ AvqvZ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, Avj−vni bdm i‡q‡Q|
9 : : Z( (O 7, ! 7(; : d7e

Z , . Z( (O Z( (O Q!"; : c b . .n ( c -( ;
@c & d(7; 7& Kl p
> c * Q1
2 <;
Avey hvi wMdvix (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z ivm~j (Qvt) e‡jb, Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv ev›`v‡ì
D‡Ï‡k¨ e‡jb, †n Avgvi ev›`vMY! Avwg Avgvi bd‡mi Rb¨ hyjyg nvivg K‡iwQÕ
(gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2326)| G nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, Avj−vni bdm i‡q‡Q|
:? % 8 9 Z( (O 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
j
9 > r 6 C& 5( ! 7 6 <, c5 (M3 6 D(C9 q( ">G
& (7` # 9 ` a& $3 # -( 6 C& 9 7(H . d(
@# 0 i 5( 6 D(C& d(7; :
†K eo jvfevb 11
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvj−vn ZvÔAvjv `yB e¨w³‡K
Rvbœv‡Z †`‡L nvm‡eb| GK e¨w³ Aci e¨w³‡K knx` K‡i| Zvici †h knx`
K‡iwQj †m Bmjvg MÖnY K‡i Ges Avj−vni c‡_ wRnv` K‡i †mI knx` nq| GB
`yB knx` hLb GK mv‡_ Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek Ki‡e ZLb Avj−vn nvm‡ebÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg,
wgkKvZ nv/3807)| AÎ nv`xQ Øviv cÖgwYZ nq †h, Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv nv‡mb| nvmvi
gZ A½-cÖZ¨½ Zuvi i‡q‡Q, hv nvmvi Dc‡hvMx|
Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv e‡jb, # 6( 8 ( & 6& O Ô†n ivm~j! Avcwb ejyb, ab-m¤ú`
I m¤§vb Avj−vni nv‡Z i‡q‡QÕ (Av‡j Bgivb 73)| Ab¨Î wZwb e‡jb, ( %< 5(
@( H D ! ( ts c 6J B '
A 7( # 1 M ÔcweÎZv eY©bv Kwi †mB gnvb
Avj−vni, huvi nv‡Z i‡q‡Q we‡k¦i mKj wel‡qi ¶gZv| Zuvi wbKU †Zvgv‡ì
mKj‡K wd‡i †h‡Z n‡eÕ (Bqvmxb 83)|
: d7e _ 2 N ( Dk& 5( 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . u s -( ;
! A( ^(7 ?
( # G , -( ! ">H ? "A( , -( # : ? C( 7(` v >" -( _ 2 N p -( 7, ! 7(;
@? *. # "; "( T ( ts c 6J B tF $, -( ? $ 7;
Avbvm (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ôgvbyl kvdvÔAvZ Kivi Rb¨
Aby‡iva wb‡q Av`g (Avt)-Gi wbKU hv‡e Ges ej‡e †n Av`g! Avcwb gvbe
RvwZi wcZv, Avj−vn Avcbv‡K wbR nv‡Z ˆZix K‡i‡Qb, me©cÖ_g Avcbv‡K
Rvbœv‡Z †i‡L‡Qb, wdwikZv Øviv wmR`v Kwi‡q‡Qb, m„wói me wRwb‡mi Ávb `vb
K‡i‡Qb| Avcwb Avgv‡ì Rb¨ Avj−vni wbKU kvdvÔAvZ Ki“bÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg,
wgkKvZ nv/5572)| G nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, Avj−vni nvZ Av‡Q, hv Øviv wZwb
Av`g‡K ˆZix K‡i‡Qb|
: 1U& 9 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . $ ; # <; ;
9-( ?
7$ & -( Z C9 > r d"$ & # > 3 M ` k& 9 > r q C & _ 9 '
$> 6 H [> ;
-! $i b . k(& 1U& 9 > r ( <*A( $ & 9-( ( . <>G
&
Ave`yj−vn Beby Igi (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv wK¡qvg‡Zi
w`b Avmgvb mg~n ¸wU‡q wb‡eb| AZtci Zv‡K Wvb nv‡Z wb‡q ej‡eb, Avwg
ev`kvn| †Kv_vq `ywbqvi AnsKvix I ˆ¯îvPvix hvwjgiv? AZtci evg nv‡Z hgxb
12 †K eo jvfevb
mg~n †cuwP‡q wb‡eb| Ab¨ eY©bvq Av‡Q hgxb mg~n Aci nv‡Z wb‡eb (eyLvix, gymwjg,
wgkKvZ nv/5523)| AÎ nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, Avj−vni `yB nvZ Av‡Q|
j 7O 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z ,. Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . s $ ; # <; ;
Z( (O > r t: i9 w ! 5* S 9 #s f
s 7& C( B( $ > T e-( <e 07B _ 2 N c"
@? ; (y d(7; " 7O x * e j 7C & x
* S > 0 7 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z ,.
Ave`yj−vn Beby Avgi (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, Ôivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Av`g
mš—v‡bi Aš—i mg~n Avj−vni Av½yj mg~‡ni `yB Av½y‡ji gv‡S gvÎ GKwU Aš—‡ii
b¨vq Aew¯’Z| wZwb B”QvgZ Aš—‡ii cwieZ©b NUvb| Zvici ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb,
†n Aš—‡ii AveZ©bKvix Avj−vn! Avgv‡ì Aš—i‡K †Zvgvi AvbyM‡Zï Dci
AvewZ©Z KiÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/89)| G nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, Avj−vn
ZvÔAvjvi nv‡Zi Av½yj i‡q‡Q|
7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z( , . p $ , Z C 9 ! "; : c b . c* 73 <& q( - c -( ;
/( 0 7(; j ( P&-( <, c > - q( ">G
& 6( ` # 9 & -( ! %<, c *. c # ; Z C 9
@c *. ' m( ' s m( { 4 ( r( P&-( ( <, z
s &-( 6J B T j (M;
Avey Dgvgv (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, Avwg ivm~j (Qvt)-†K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ,
ÔAvgvi cÖwZcvjK Avgvi mv‡_ GB Iqv`v K‡i‡Qb †h, wZwb Avgvi D¤§‡Zi ga¨
n‡Z mËi nvhvi †jvK‡K webv wnmv‡e Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek Kiv‡eb Ges Zv‡ì Dci
†Kvb AvhveI n‡e bv| Avevi D³ cÖ‡Z¨K nvhv‡ii mv‡_ mËi nvhvi Ges Avgvi
cÖwZcvj‡Ki Av‡iv wZb AÄwj fwZ© †jvK Rvbœv‡Z w`‡ebÕ (Avngv`, wZiwghx, Beby
gvRvn, wgkKvZ nv/5323)| AÎ nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, Avj−vni AÄwj i‡q‡Q|
}
. k(& : |
<C& 9 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
@} . k(& ~ 7 9-( ?
7$ & -( Z C 9 > r ! "$ tF $> 1U& 9 q C & _ 9
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv
wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b hgxb‡K gywói g‡a¨ wb‡eb Ges Avmgvb‡K Wvb nv‡Z †cuwP‡q
wb‡eb| AZtci ej‡eb, AvwgB Avmvgvb-hgxb mg~n I Ab¨ me wKQyi GKgvÎ
†K eo jvfevb 13
AwacwZ| hviv c„w_ex‡Z wb‡R‡ì‡K ev`kvn e‡j eû wKQy K‡i‡Q, AvR Zviv
†Kv_vqÕ? (eyLvix, gymwgjg, wgkKvZ nv/5522, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/5288)|
cweÎ KziAv‡b Avj−vn e‡jb,

>$; d(D ! %<, ! "$ '
Y >9 U& '
$> q C & _ 9 ! 8
<O( =$ H } . k(&
@( B i
9
ÔwK¡qvg‡Zi w`b †MvUv c„w_ex Avj−vni gywói g‡a¨ _vK‡e Ges AvKvk mg~n Zuvi
Wvb nv‡Zi g‡a¨ †cuPv‡bv Ae¯’vq _vK‡e| GB †jv‡Kiv †h wkiK K‡i, Zv n‡Z
wZwb cweÎ I A‡bK E‡aŸ©Õ (hygvi 77)| G AvqvZ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, Avj−vni gywó
Av‡Q Ges Wvb I evg gywó Av‡Q| wZwb Av‡iv e‡jb, 2 < & Y S
: ÔAvj−vn
ev›`v‡ì‡K me©¶Y †`‡LbÕ (Av‡j Bgivb 10)| wZwb Ab¨Î e‡jb, $ Y S
:
( 7$ 9 ÔAvj−vn me wKQyB †`L‡Z cvb hv †Zvgiv KiÕ (evKvivn 96)| Ab¨ RvqMvq
wZwb Av‡iv e‡jb, ""; k( ? 7& & T "e
Ô†n b~n! Zzwg Avgvi †Pv‡Li mvg‡b †bŠKv
ˆZix KiÕ (n~` 37)| Gme Avqv‡Z Kvixgv Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, Avj−vni P¶z Av‡Q|
Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv e‡jb, Y 7; TY $ ,
: ÔAvj−vn †kv‡bb Ges me wKQy Rv‡bbÕ (Av‡j
Bgivb 121)|Ab¨Î wZwb e‡jb, .-( T $ ,
-( $A c "> (5ID /( Z( (O Ô(g~mv I
nviƒY) †Zvgiv fq Ki bv, †divEb I Zvi RvwZ †Zvgv‡ì mv‡_ hv Ki‡e,
†Zvgv‡ì wei“‡× hv ej‡e, Avwg Zv ïbe I †`LeÕ (Z¡-nv 46)| G AvqvZ Øviv
cÖgvwYZ nq †h, Avj−vni P¶z I KY© i‡q‡Q| wZwb Av‡iv e‡jb, ; z
i A& 9 _ 9
@( U 9 4
( 5( 2 G
L d( ( ; # 9 h
s , ÔwK¡qvg‡Zi w`b Avj−vn wbR cv †ei K‡i
w`‡eb Ges Zuvi cv‡q wmR`v Kivi wb‡`©k w`‡eb| hviv `ywbqv‡Z Avj−vni Aeva¨
wQj, Zviv wmR`v Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| Z‡e hviv Cgvb`vi Zviv wmR`v Ki‡Z cvi‡eÕ
(Kvjvg 42-43)|
14 †K eo jvfevb
"L. z i A& 9 Z C 9 7, ! 7(; : d7e
c> <"> p
$ , Z( (O ! "; : c b . #s , c -( ;
t 9. #L c5 # G 9 ( (B 6l B d(C<5( qs " ] s ] 6l B ! ( # G 5( ! O, ;
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f
3 M& 5( qP $ ,
Avey mvC` Lyìx (ivt) e‡jb, Avwg ivm~j (Qvt)-†K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ, wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b
hLb Avgv‡ì cÖwZcvjK cv‡qi †MvQv cÖKvk Ki‡eb, ZLb Cgvb`vi bvix-cyi“l
mK‡jB Zuv‡K wmR`v Ki‡e| Z‡e hviv †jvK‡`Lv‡bv I ïbv‡bvi D‡Ï‡k¨ wmR`v
K‡i‡Q, Zviv wmR`v Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| Zviv wmR`v Kivi B”Qv Ki‡e, wKš‘ Zv‡ì
wcV I †Kvgi Kvô dj‡Ki b¨vq k³ n‡q hv‡eÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/5542, evsjv
wgkKvZ nv/5308)| G nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, Avj−vni cv‡qi †MvQv i‡q‡Q|
(75( . >" >k(5( 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
@ & O(
& O(
& O( Z C D ! 7(H . d(D ~ . <D : T 8
9 d> 7$ D
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Rvnvbœvg ZZ¶Y ch©š— c~Y© n‡e
bv, hZ¶Y ch©š— Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv Zuvi cv Rvnvbœv‡gi g‡a¨ bv ivL‡eb| H mgq
Rvnvbœvg ej‡e, h‡_ó, h‡_ó, h‡_ó n‡q‡QÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/5694, evsjv
wgkKvZ nv/5450)| D‡j−wLZ nv`xQ mg~n Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, Avj−vni cv Av‡Q Ges
Zv XvKv _v‡K|
~ . <D "L. Z [ "9 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
@ ` a& 6 7 w
7r d(C<9
#L t $> d( qs 7(( 6 B d(D
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔhLb iv‡Zi †kl Z…Zxq fvM
Aewkó _v‡K, ZLb Avgv‡ì cÖwZcvjK cÖ_g AvKv‡k AvMgb K‡ibÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg,
wgkKvZ nv/1223)| G nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv ¯’vbvš—i nb|
A > 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . # <; 9 H ;

d( K( "5( 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . # "; =, 7H >"B qs 9. c 5 P; A >. ( ,
@! 9 . c 5 ( L 8D /( $ C( & (M3 ( D $B( A >. ( , A > Z( (O . # <& q( 7(( $ C( &
†K eo jvfevb 15
Rvixi Beby Ave`yj−vn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔAwP‡iB †Zvgiv
†Zvgv‡ì cÖwZcvjK‡K wbwðZfv‡e ¯^P‡¶ cÖKvk¨ †`L‡Z cv‡e| Ab¨ GK eY©bvq
Av‡Q, Rvixi (ivt) e‡jb, Avgiv ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi Kv‡Q e‡mwQjvg| wZwb c~wY©gvi
iv‡Z Puv‡ì w`‡K ZvwK‡q ej‡jb, †Zvgiv AwP‡iB †Zvgv‡ì cÖwZcvjK‡K †`L‡Z
cv‡e, †hgb †Zvgiv GB Puv`‡K †`L‡Z cv”Q| Avj−vn‡K †`L‡Z †Zvgiv †Kvb
cÖKvi evavcÖvß n‡e bvÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/5655, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/5412)| AÎ
nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, Avj−vn‡K †Pv‡L †`L‡Z cvIqv hv‡e|
D‡j−L¨ †h, eo jvfevb nIqi wZbwU Dcvq D‡j−L Kiv n‡q‡Q| Zb¥‡a¨ GKwU
n‡”Q Avj−vni cÖwZ Cgvb Avbv| Avi Cgv‡bi Rb¨ Avj−vni Aw¯—Z¡‡K †g‡b †bqv
Avek¨K| Avj−vn‡K wbivKvi e‡j Avj−vni cÖwZ Cgvb G‡b †ekx †ekx Avgj
K‡iI eo jvfevb nIqv hv‡e bv| hviv Avj−vni Aw¯—Z¡‡K gv‡b bv, Zviv Avj−vn‡K
wbivKvi g‡b K‡i| Avi Avj−vn‡K wbivKvi g‡b Kiv wn›`y ag©xq wek¦v‡mi bvgvš—i|
G wek¦vm †cvlY K‡i Avj−vni cÖwZ Cgvb G‡b †ekx †ekx Avgj K‡iI eo jvfevb
nIqv hv‡e bv| GRb¨ Avj−vni cÖwZ Cgvb Avbvi A_© n‡”Q Zuvi Aw¯—Z¡‡K ¯^xKvi
Kiv Ges wZwb wbivKvi I me©Î weivRgvb GB wek¦vm‡K cwiZ¨vM Kiv| Avi
GBfv‡e ¯^xKv‡ivw³ †`qv †h, wZwb wPiÄxe, wPi¯’vqx, wZwb GKK I Abb¨, wZwb
wbi‡c¶, wZwb Kv‡iv gyLv‡c¶x bb| †KD Zuvi mgK¶ I kixK †bB| wZwb Abvw`,
Abš—, wZwb wPiKvj Av‡Qb I _vK‡eb| wZwb ¯’vb I Kv‡ji MwÊfz³ bb| wZwb
me©kw³gvb I civµgkvjx| wZwb `qvkxj I `qvgq| wZwb hv B”Qv ZvB K‡ib|
c„w_exi mewKQy Zuvi B”Qvq m¤úbœ nq| wZwb mewKQy Rv‡bb, †`‡Lb I †kv‡bb|
¶z`ª n‡Z ¶z`ªZi, AYy n‡Z cigvYy, ¸ß n‡Z ¸ßZi Kíbv Ges ¶xY n‡Z ¶xYZi
kã wKQyB Zuvi `„wó I Áv‡bi evB‡i bq| wZwb K_v e‡jb| KziAvb Zuvi evYx|
wZwb mg¯— mr ¸Yvejx‡Z ¸Yvwš^Z Ges hveZxq Amr ¸Yvejx n‡Z cweÎ| wZwbB
wek¦‡K, gvbyl I gvby‡li Kvh©vejx‡K, e¯‘ I e¯‘i ¸Yvejx‡K m„wó K‡i‡Qb| Avgiv
Zuvi m„ó ev›`v| myZivs Avgv‡ì Dci Zuvi B”QvgZ ûKzg Rvix Kivi AwaKvi
i‡q‡Q Ges GB AwaKvi e‡jB wZwb Avgv‡ì Rxeb hvc‡bi hveZxq Aek¨
cvjbxq wbqg-c×wZ wba©viY K‡i w`‡q‡Qb| Avgiv Zuvi GB mKj wbqg-c×wZi
AbymiY K‡i Pj‡Z eva¨| Zuvi †Kvb KvRB Ab¨vq AwePvi cÖm~Z bq| wZwb hv
K‡ib, meB mwVK Ges m„wói g½‡ji Rb¨ K‡ib| Ab¨vq-AwePvi ZLbB nq hLb
†KD A‡bï iv‡R¨, A‡bï AwaKv‡i n¯—‡¶c K‡i| Avi wZwb hv K‡ib, Zv wb‡Ri
iv‡R¨ I wb‡Ri AwaKv‡iB K‡ib| wZwb hv‡K †hiƒc m„wó K‡i‡Qb, †m Zvi
16 †K eo jvfevb
Dc‡hvMx Ges †mUvB Zvi Rb¨ g½j| wZwb hv‡K hv †`b, †mUv Zuvi AbyMÖn| KviY
†Kvb wKQyB Zuvi Rb¨ Aek¨ KZ©e¨ bq| wZwb ¸bv‡ni kvw¯— I †bKxi cÖwZ`vb
†`b| wKš‘ G‡Z wZwb eva¨ bb| gvbyl Gfv‡e Avj−vn‡K wek¦vm K‡i mr Avgj
Ki‡j eo jvfevb n‡e BbkvAvj−vn| Giƒc wek¦v‡mi d‡j wek¦vmx e¨w³i c~Y© Rxeb
Avj−vni ûKy‡gi Aaxb n‡q hvq| †m KLbI Avj−vni ûKz‡gi wecixZ wKQy Ki‡Z
cv‡i bv| hvi Cgvb Giƒc bq, Zvi Cgvb m¤ú‡K© mw›`nvb nIqvB DwPZ|
gvjvBKv ev wdwikZvi cÖwZ Cgvb :

gvjvBKvM‡Yi cÖwZ Gfv‡e Cgvb Avb‡Z n‡e †h Zviv Avj−vni RMZmg~‡ni g‡a¨
GKwU RMZ| Zuviv b~‡ii ˆZix| Zuviv B”Qvbymv‡i wewfbœ iƒc aviY Ki‡Z cv‡ib|
Zviv bvixI bb, cyi“lI bb| Zv‡ì‡K Avj−vn m„wó cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ bvbvwea Kv‡R
wb‡qvwRZ K‡i †i‡L‡Qb| Zviv KLbI Avj−vni ûKzg Agvb¨ K‡i bv| Zv‡ì
Avgiv †`wL bv e‡j Zv‡ì Aw¯—Z¡ A¯^xKvi Ki‡Z cvwi bv| Avgv‡ì †Kvb
wRwbm‡K bv †`Lv ev bv Rvbv, Zv bv _vKvi KviY n‡Z cv‡i bv| GB cvwb I
evZv‡mi g‡a¨ A‡bK Rxevby i‡q‡Q, hv Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB bv| ZvB e‡j Avgiv
Zv Awek¦vm Kwi bv| GQvovI KziAvb-nv`x‡Q hLb Zv‡ì we¯—vwiZ weeiY i‡q‡Q,
ZLb KziAvb-nv`xQ gvbe Avi Zv‡ì cÖwZ wek¦vm ivLe bv, GUv n‡Z cv‡i bv|
wKZv‡ei cÖwZ Cgvb :
Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv hy‡M hy‡M Zuvi bexM‡Yi gva¨‡g Zuvi ev›`v‡ì‡K Zuvi Aby‡gvw`Z
weavb Abyhvqx Rxeb cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ †h †n`vqvZ ev w`Kwb‡`©kbv †cÖiY K‡i‡Qb,
Zvi bvg wKZve| wKZv‡ei cÖwZ Gfv‡e Cgvb Avb‡Z n‡e †h, GmKj wKZv‡e hv
wKQy wQj Zv mZ¨ Ges Avcb hy‡Mi Rb¨ m¤ú~Y© Dc‡hvMx| AZtci wKZveavixMY
KZ©„K Zv weK…Z n‡q‡Q A_ev mf¨Zvi µgweKv‡ki d‡j Zvi hyM †kl n‡q †M‡j
Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv bZzb wKZve †cÖiY K‡i‡Qb| Giƒc wKZv‡ei msL¨v A‡bK| Zvi
g‡a¨ PviwU wKZve cÖavb| g~mv (Avt)-Gi Dci ZvIivZ, `vD` (Avt)-Gi Dci
he~i, Cmv (Avt)-Gi Dci BÄxj Ges gynv¤§v` (Qvt)-Gi Dci KziAvb AeZxY©
nq| KziAvb Zvi c~e©eZ©x mg¯— wKZve‡K iwnZ K‡i‡Q| c~e©eZ©x †Kvb wKZv‡ei
ûKzg GLb Pj‡e, Giƒc aviYv †cvlYKvix e¨w³ gywgb-gymwjg bq| KziAv‡bi
AbymiY Kiv e¨ZxZ Kv‡iv c‡¶ Avj−vni g‡bvbxZ cš’v jvf Kiv m¤¢e bq|
bex-ivm~jM‡Yi cÖwZ Cgvb :
†K eo jvfevb 17
ivm~j k‡ãi A_© †cÖwiZ| kixÔAv‡Zi cwifvlvq whwb Avj−vni ev›`v‡ì †n`vqv‡Zi
Rb¨ Avj−vni c¶ †_‡K Anx I wKZve mnKv‡i †cÖwiZ n‡q‡Qb| bex A_©
msev``vZv| kixÔAv‡Zi cwifvlvq whwb Avj−vni c¶ †_‡K Avj−vni ev›`v‡ì‡K
Anxi gva¨‡g †n`vqvZ K‡ib| bex-ivm~jM‡Yi cÖwZ Gfv‡e Cgvb Avb‡Z n‡e †h,
Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv Zuvi ev›`v‡ì †n`vqv‡Zi Rb¨ A_©vr Zv‡ì Rxeb-hvc‡bi
e¨vcv‡i Avj−vn g‡bvbxZ cš’v ejvi Rb¨ Ges nv‡Z-Kj‡g wk¶v †èvi Rb¨ hy‡M
hy‡M Avj−vn KZ…©K †cÖwiZ n‡q‡Qb| gynv¤§v` (Qvt) Zv‡ì g‡a¨ me©‡kªô I me©‡kl
bex Ges ivm~j| Zuvi ci Avi †Kvb bex ev ivm~j Avm‡eb bv| mKj bex ¸bvn
n‡Z cweÎ wQ‡jb Ges Av`k© Rxeb hvcb K‡i †M‡Qb| KziAvb gvRx‡` 25 Rb
bexi bvg i‡q‡Q Ges nv`x‡Q GK j¶ PweŸk nvhvi bexi msL¨v ewY©Z n‡q‡Q
(Avngv`, wgkKvZ nv/5737, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx wgkKvZ, UxKv-3)| D‡j−L¨ †h, †KD
bexM‡Yi msL¨v `yÕj¶ PweŸk nvhvi e‡j _v‡Kb, GUv mwVK bq|
¶gv cÖv_©bvKvix
ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt)-Gi evYx Øviv eySv hvq †h, me‡P‡q eo jvfevb n‡”Q H e¨w³ †h
Aciva Kivi ci Avj−vni wbK‡U ¶gv Pvq| ¶gv cÖv_©bv Kiv me‡P‡q eo Bev`Z|
G‡Z Avj−vn hZ †ekx Lykx nb, Ab¨ †Kvb Bev`‡Z wZwb ZZ †ekx Lykx nb bv|
GRb¨ bex Kixg (Qvt) w`‡b cÖvq mËi ev‡iiI †ekx ¶gv cÖv_©bv Ki‡Zb| Gg‡g©
nv`x‡Q G‡m‡Q,
t U` _ 2 N c " 6l B 7, !(7; d7e
Z ,. Z( (O :Z( (O ! "; : c b . u s -( ;
@( >>( ÛI
&( `
Avbvm (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔcÖ‡Z¨K Av`g mš—vbB Acivax| DËg
Acivax ZvivB hviv ZIev K‡i, ¶gv PvqÕ (Avey `vD`, nv`xQ Qnxn, wgkKvZ nv/2340;
evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2237)| G nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj †h, me‡P‡q DËg H e¨w³ †h
Aciva Kivi ci Avj−vni wbKU ¶gv Pvq|
d( D 7, !(7; d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . c* [ $ & * ( /( ;
@Xs > q( ^( _ & d5 ! ( j
D-( c *g5(
AvMvi gyhvbx (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†n gvbe gÊjx! Avj−vni wbKU
ZIev Ki| Avwg ˆ`wbK GKkZevi Zuvi wbK ZIev KwiÕ (gymwjg wgkKvZ nv/2325;
18 †K eo jvfevb
evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2217)|
ivm~j (Qvt) Ggb GKRb bex hvi Av‡Mi I c‡ii ¸bvn
¶gv Kiv n‡q‡Q| Zv m‡Ë¡I wZwb w`‡b 70 ev‡iiI †ekx Avj−vni Kv‡Q ¶gv
PvB‡Zb| Zvn‡j Avgv‡ì KZevi ¶gv PvIqv cÖ‡qvRb Zv we‡ePbv Kiv DwPZ|
; . $5 7, !7(; d7e Z , . Z( O( Z( O( ! "; : c b . .n ( c -( ;
4
( 5( => % A " ! 7& H c & d(7; 7& Kl p > c * 1
2 <; 9 Z( (O ! >-( d(D ~ . <D
A 7lB 12<; 9 B # 3 -( c #0 , (5 ! 9# 3 / Z\ b A 7lB 1 2 <; 9 Q $ ((KD
! D B( / .s ; A 7lB 1 2 <; 9 Q A $ y& - c $ U& , (5 ! $ y& -( / TY ^H
=$ H j
Ml & -( -( . 0"> 6 7 ( )U I
D A > 1
2 <; 9 Q A B& -( c A& , (5
@ A ( & -( c , (5
Avey hvi wMdvix (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) Avj−vni bvvg K‡i e‡j‡Qb, Avj−vn
ZvevivKv Iqv ZvÔAvjv e‡jb, †n Avgvi ev›`vMY! Avwg hyjyg‡K Avgvi Rb¨ nvivg
K‡iwQ Ges †Zvgv‡ì RbÏ Zv nvivg K‡iwQ| myZivs †Zvgiv ci¯úi hyjyg K‡iv
bv| †n Avgvi ev›`vMY! †Zvgv‡ì cÖ‡Z¨‡KB c_nviv wKš‘ Avwg hv‡K c_ †`LvB|
myZivs †Zvgiv Avgvi wbKU mwVK c‡_i mÜvb PvI| Avwg †Zvgv‡ì‡K c_
†`Lve| †n Avgvi ev›`vMY! †Zvgv‡ì cÖ‡Z¨‡KB ¶zavZ© wKš‘ Avwg hv‡K Avnvi
†`B| AZGe †Zvgiv Avgvi wbKU Lv`¨ PvI| Avwg †Zvgv‡ì‡K Lv`¨ wè| †n
Avgvi ev›`vMY! †Zvgv‡ì cÖ‡Z¨‡KB bMœ ev e¯¿nxb wKš‘ Avwg hv‡K cwiavb
KivB| myZivs †Zvgiv Avgvi wbKU †cvkvK PvI| Avwg †Zvgv‡ì‡K cwiavb
Kive| †n Avgvi ev›`vMY! †Zvgiv Aciva K‡i _vK ivZ-w`b, Avwg mg¯— Aciva
gvd K‡i †`B| myZivs †Zvgiv Avgvi wbKU ¶gv PvI, Avwg †Zvgv‡ì‡K ¶gv
K‡i wèÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2326; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2218)| G nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj †h,
Avj−vn Avgv‡ì‡K Zuvi wbKU mwVK c_, Lv`¨, e¯¿ I ¶gv PvB‡Z e‡j‡Qb| Avi
Gme wKQy wZwb cÖ`vb Ki‡eb e‡j Iqv`v K‡i‡Qb| Kv‡RB Zuvi Kv‡Q Avgv‡ì
PvIqv DwPZ|
c 5 ( (B 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( O( Z( O( ! "; : c b . 1 * . # I
& #s , c -( ;
! ( Z( (C5( ! (k( 5( =<3 . dDk(5( Z k( 9
` > r = D qP D 6( O( 6W H . 6( ^, c "
! B( . 2 k(5( (MB( (MB( q( 9 O( p
^& 6W H . ! ( Z( (C5( Z k( 9 6( G 5( ! 7(C( 5( ( Z( (O qs D 6& 3
†K eo jvfevb 19
: d k(5( j (M & q A( ^(7 q $ > q A( ^(7 ! 5 p
$ S
` (5 3 %
. # S tF "5( '
$ &
d( # H 5( $0 " O Z( (O 1#; <D & -( M 3 d( : d -( c> C( D & -( M 3 d(
@! ( 5( s <i
j O& -( M 3
Avey mvC` Lyìx (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ôevbx BmivC‡ji g‡a¨ GK
e¨w³ wQj †h, wbivbeŸBRb gvbyl‡K nZ¨v K‡iwQj| AZtci †m drIqv wR‡Ám
Kivi Rb¨ †ei nj Ges GKRb ì‡e‡ki wbKU wM‡q wR‡Ám Kij, Giƒc e¨w³i
Rb¨ ZIev Av‡Q wK? wZwb ej‡jb, †bB| †m Zv‡KI nZ¨v Kij Ges evi evi
†jvK‡ì‡K wR‡Ám Ki‡Z _vKj| GK e¨w³ ejj, AgyK MÖv‡g hvI, AgyK‡K
wR‡Ám Ki| Gmgq Zvi gDZ G‡m †Mj Ges g„Zz¨Kv‡j †m ¯^xq wmbv‡K H MÖv‡gi
w`‡K wKQy evwo‡q w`j| AZtci ing‡Zi wdwikZv I Avhv‡ei wdwikZv `j
ci¯úi SMov Ki‡Z jvMj, Kviv Zvi iƒn wb‡q hv‡e| Gmgq Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv H
MÖvg‡K ej‡jb, Zzwg g„‡Zi wbKU Avm Avi Zvi wbR MÖvg‡K ej‡jb, Zzwg `~‡i m‡i
hvI| AZtci wdwikZv‡ì ej‡jb, †Zvgiv Dfq w`‡Ki `~iZ¡ †g‡c †`L| †g‡c
Zv‡K GB MÖv‡gi w`‡K GK weNZ wbK‡U cvIqv †Mj| myZivs Zv‡K gvd K‡i †`qv
njÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2327; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2219)|
G nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj †h, †Kvb Acivax Avj−vni wbKU Lv‡jQ Aš—‡i ¶gv PvB‡j,
Zv‡K ¶gv Kiv n‡e| GB †jvKwU ZIev Kivi my‡hvM cvqwb, ¶gv PvIqvi D‡Ï‡k¨
†ei n‡qwQj gvÎ| ZeyI Avj−vn Zv‡K ¶gv K‡i w`‡jb Ges ¶gv Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨
Avj−vn wdwikZv‡ì mvg‡b GK Awfbe †KŠkj Aej¤^b Ki‡jb| GZ eo
Acivax‡K hw` Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv †KŠk‡j ¶gv K‡ib, Zvn‡j Avgv‡ì †Kb ¶gv
Ki‡eb bv| Avgiv Lv‡jQ Aš—‡i ZIev Ki‡j wZwb wbðqB Avgv‡ì‡K ¶gv
Ki‡eb| eis Avgiv ¶gv PvIqvi B”Qv ev †Póv Ki‡j Avj−vn Avgv‡ì‡K †KŠk‡j
¶gv K‡i w`‡eb|
Q# c & 1 M 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
@ 0 ( 5( Qd(D : ( 5( Q( <M& 9 _s C( tF H QA : f
3 M( ( Q <M& D ( (
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔH mË¡vi Kmg, hvi nv‡Z Avgvi
AvÍv i‡q‡Q! hw` †Zvgiv ¸bvn bv Ki‡Z Avj−vn †Zvgv‡ì mwi‡q w`‡Zb Ges
Ggb GK RvwZ‡K m„wó Ki‡Zb hviv ¸bvn K‡i Avj−vni wbKU ¶gv cÖv_©bv KiZ|
20 †K eo jvfevb
Avi Avj−vn Zv‡ì‡K ¶gv K‡i w`‡ZbÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2328; evsjv wgkKvZ
nv/2220)|
e¨vL¨v : nv`x‡Q ¸bvni AbygwZ †`qv nqwb eis ¶gvi cÖk¯—Zv eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q|
†Kvb gvbyl †hb ¸bvn K‡i wbivk bv nq| KviY ¸bvn Kivi ¶gZv gvby‡li Av‡Q
wdwikZv‡ì †bB| Avi G ¶gZv Avj−vn w`‡q‡Qb| AZGe Lv‡jQ Aš—‡i ¶gv
PvB‡j wbwðZ ¶gv n‡e|
( # < & g5( 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . Z( (O p ((O 0"; : c b . q( i
^; ;
@! 7(; : j
D j
D > r x
;
Av‡qkv (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔhLb ev›`v ¸bvn ¯^xKvi K‡i Ges
AbyZß n‡q ZIev K‡i ¶gv Pvq Avj−vn Zvi ZIev Keyj K‡ib Ges Zv‡K ¶gv
K‡i †`bÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2330; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2223)|
7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b
. 1 * d, c -( ;
Q67 t: c j . 0"> # 9
<9 Q.0"> t: c j 6 7 # 9
<9 d(D
@0 u $ i > T 7U& D d>
Avey g~mv AvkÔAvix (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvj−vn
ZvÔAvjv ¯^xq nvZ cÖmvwiZ K‡ib, hv‡Z w`‡bi ¸bvnMvi hviv Zviv ZIev K‡i|
Avevi w`‡bi †ejvq nvZ cÖmvwiZ K‡ib hv‡Z iv‡Zi ¸bvnMvi e¨w³iv ZIev
K‡i| Gfv‡e wZwb ¶gvi nvZ cÖmvwiZ Ki‡Z _vK‡eb cwðg w`‡K m~h© Dw`Z
nIqv ch©š—Õ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2329; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2221)| G nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj
wK¡qvg‡Zi c~e© ch©š— †h †Kvb Acivax w`‡b I iv‡Z Avj−vni wbKU ¶gv PvB‡Z
cv‡i, Zvn‡j †m wbwðZ ¶gv cv‡e| KviY Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv ¶gvi nvZ cÖmvwiZ
K‡i †i‡L‡Qb|
~ . <D "L. Z [ "9 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
c ; # 9 Z C 9 Q ` 6 7 w 7r d(C<9 Q#L t $> d( qs 7(( 6 B d(D
@! ( & k(5( c 9 Q!U ; k5( c"k( 9 Q!( f G
, k(5(
†K eo jvfevb 21
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvgv‡ì cÖwZcvjK ZveviKv
Iqv ZvÔAvjv cÖ‡Z¨K iv‡Zi wZb fv‡Mi †kl fv‡M (GK-Z…Zxqvsk evKx _vK‡Z)
cÖ_g AvKv‡k AeZiY K‡ib Ges ej‡Z _v‡Kb †K Avgv‡K Wv‡K, Avwg Zvi
Wv‡K mvov wè| †K Avgvi Kv‡Q wKQy Pvq Avwg Zv‡K Zv wè| †K Avgvi Kv‡Q
¶gv Pvq Avwg Zv‡K ¶gv K‡i wèÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1223)|
e¨vL¨v : c„w_ex †hbv-e¨wfPvi, Pzwi-WvKvwZ, wg_¨v-Ak−xj K_v, MxeZ-†ZvngZ,
AZ¨vPvi-AwePvi, m~`-Nyl, g`-Ryqv BZ¨vw` Ab¨v‡q cwic~Y©| Gic‡iI Avj−vn
ZvÔAvjv cÖ‡Z¨K iv‡Zi †kl fv‡M cÖ_g AvKv‡k †b‡g G‡m e‡jb, †K Avgv‡K
Wv‡K, Zvi Wv‡K mvov wè| †K Avgvi Kv‡Q ¶gv Pvq, Zv‡K Avwg ¶gv K‡i wè
Ges Avgvi Kv‡Q †h hv Pvq Avwg Zv‡K Zv wè|
& -( 6( <O( j
D 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
@! 7(; : j D 0 u
$ i > T 7U& D
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h e¨w³ cwðg w`K n‡Z m~h©
Dw`Z nIqvi c~‡e© ZIev Ki‡e Avj−vn Zvi ZIev Keyj Ki‡ebÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ
nv/2331; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2223)|
e¨vL¨v : wK¡qvg‡Zi c~e© ch©š— ZIev Ki‡j Zvi ZIev Keyj Kiv n‡e| cwðg w`K
n‡Z m~h© IVvi ci ZIevi ìRv eÜ K‡i †`qv n‡e| Avi GUv n‡e wK¡qvg‡Zi
wbKUeZ©x mg‡q|
#L -( ! 7( 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . ? s u - ;
! " p 7(( (5 Xs 4 ( 5( } . k( ! 7( . d(7; ( (B B # -( ! ( j 9 # <; q = 5(
! 7( . u 9-( # O( 07J c 5 T G U( b
(5 XP G
dDk(5( 0" u 9k(5( ! ! y( 07(;
> 0 7
( & X #> Z( (O > r 0 (UI M( ` k(5( # "; qW $ ^(O 0 3 & ? M( B( 3 $ "<5(
@ ( & X #> k(U( ` -( ?
L. -( 1#<; p -(
Avbvm (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvj−vn Zuvi ev›`vi ZIev I ¶gv
PvIqv‡Z Avbw›`Z nb, hLb †m Zuvi wbKU ZIev K‡i, †Zvgv‡ì ga¨Kvi †m e¨w³
A‡c¶v AwaK hvi evnb GKwU gi“ cÖvš—‡i Zvi wbKU n‡Z Qy‡U cvjvq hvi wc‡V
Zvi Lv`¨ I cvbxq wQj| G‡Z †jvKwU nZvk n‡q hvq| AZtci †m GKwU Mv‡Qi
22 †K eo jvfevb
wbKU G‡m Zvi Qvqvq ï‡q c‡o| †m Zvi evnb m¤ú‡K© m¤ú~Y© wbivk| GgZve¯’vq
†m nVvr †`‡L evnb Zvi wbKU ùvwo‡q Av‡Q| †m Zvi jvMvg a‡i Avb‡›ì
AvwZk‡h¨ e‡j I‡V, †n Avj−vn! Zzwg Avgvi ev›`v Avi Avwg †Zvgvi cÖwZcvjK!
†m fzj K‡i Avb‡›ì AvwZk‡h¨ Giƒc e‡j †d‡jÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2332; evsjv
wgkKvZ nv/2224)|
e¨vL¨v : gvbyl ZIev K‡i Avj−vni wbKU ¶gv PvB‡j Avj−vn KZ Lykx nb Zvi ev¯—
e wPÎ †`Lv‡Z wM‡q ivm~j (Qvt) ebx BmivC‡ji GK Kvwnbx eY©bv Ki‡jb| GK
†jvK gi“ cÖvš—‡i wQj| †hLvb †_‡K cv‡q †nu‡U †jvKvj‡q hvIqv m¤¢e wQj bv|
Avi Zvi Lv`¨-cvbxqI Zvi evn‡bi Dci wQj| evnbwU Zvi wbKU n‡Z Qy‡U
cvjvq Ges †m Zvi evnb m¤ú‡K© m¤ú~Y© wbivk n‡q hvq| G‡Z †jvKwU evox
wdivi Avkv I euvPvi Avkv Z¨vM K‡i GK Mv‡Qi wb‡P ï‡q c‡o, †kl wbtk¦vm
Z¨v‡Mi A‡c¶v Ki‡Z _v‡K| GgZve¯’vq †m nVvr †`‡L evnb Zvi wbKU
`Êvqgvb| †m Zr¶Yvr Zvi jvMvg a‡i Avb›` I Drdzj− n‡q fzj K‡i e‡j †d‡j,
†n Avj−vn Zzwg Avgvi ev›`v, Avwg †Zvgvi cÖwZcvjK| GB †jvK evnb †c‡q †hgb
Lykx Avj−vn ZIevKvixi cÖwZ †Zgb Lykx nb|
je-( =#<; 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
:! L. Z( (C5( c & (5 p <e -( :Z( (O $>. p <& -( j
* . :Z( (C5( =<( f & -( Q(Z(O $>. Q=<(
> r : tF w ( A( > r 1 # < '
( ( ! M ` k& 9 f M 9 . ! ( -( 1 # <; 7; -(
1
# <; 7; -( :Z( (C5( & (5 ` NF p
<e -( -( Qp<& -( j * . :Z( (C5( =<( f & -( -( Q=<( j e-(
=<( f & -( > r : tF w ( A( > r 1#< ' ( ( ! M ` k& 9 QfM 9 . ! ( -(
7; -( :Z( (C5( c & (5 ` N p <& -( -( p <e
-( j * . Z( (O :Z( (O =<( j e-( :Z( (O $>.
@tF 6& $ 7& 5( Pr4 ( r( 1 # < '
( ( ! M ` k& 9 f
M 9 . ! ( -( 1
# <;
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†Kvb ev›`v Aciva Kij Ges
ejj, †n Avgvi cÖwZcvjK! Avwg Aciva K‡iwQ, Zzwg Zv ¶gv Ki| ZLb Avj−vn
e‡jb, (†n Avgvi wdwikZvMY!) Avgvi ev›`v wK Rv‡b †h Zvi GKRb cÖwZcvjK
Av‡Qb, whwb Aciva ¶gv K‡ib A_ev Aciv‡ai Kvi‡Y kvw¯— w`‡eb? (†Zvgiv
mv¶x _vK) Avwg Zv‡K ¶gv K‡i w`jvg| AZtci Avj−vn hZw`b PvB‡jb ZZw`b
Aciva bv K‡i _vKj| Avevi Aciva Kij Ges ejj, †n Avgvi cÖwZcvjK!
†K eo jvfevb 23
Avwg Avevi Aciva K‡iwQ, Zzwg Avgv‡K ¶gv Ki| ZLb Avj−vn e‡jb, Avgvi
ev›`v wK Rv‡b †h Zvi GKRb cÖwZcvjK Av‡Qb, whwb Aciva ¶gv K‡ib A_ev
Aciv‡ai Kvi‡Y kvw¯— w`‡eb? Avwg Zv‡K ¶gv K‡i w`jvg| AZtci †m Aciva
bv K‡i _vKj hZw`b Avj−vn PvB‡jb| Avevi Aciva Kij Ges ejj, †n Avgvi
cÖwZcvjK! Avwg Avevi Avi GK Aciva K‡iwQ, Zzwg Avgv‡K ¶gv Ki| ZLb
Avj−vn e‡jb, Avgvi ev›`v wK Rv‡b †h Zvi GKRb cÖwZcvjK Av‡Qb, whwb
Aciva ¶gv K‡ib A_ev Aciv‡ai Kvi‡Y kvw¯— †`b? Avwg Zv‡K ¶gv K‡i
w`jvg| †m hv B”Qv Ki“KÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2333; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2225)|
G nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj Aciva hZeviB †nvK wbivk nIqvi wKQy †bB| Avj−vn
¶gv K‡ib G wek¦vm †i‡L GKvwaKevi Aciva K‡i ¶gv PvB‡jI ¶gv n‡e|
nv`x‡Qi A_© GB bq †h Avj−vn ¸bvn Kivi Av‡`k Ki‡jb; eis Avj−vni `qv I
¶gvi gvnvÍ¨ †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q|
: 9 ( Z( (O P7H . -( { ( #> 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z( ,. -( j s # "H ;
s 7( '
( ( # O( c *g5( s (7 & -( ( & -( c> 7(; dk(9 1M ( Z( (O d(D F s (7
@Z( (O $B( -( ? 7($ ; p U& < -(
Ryb`ye (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, GK e¨w³ ejj, Avj−vni Kmg!
Avj−vn AgyK‡K gvd Ki‡eb bv| ZLb Avj−vn ej‡jb, †K Av‡Q †h Avgv‡K Kmg
w`‡Z cv‡i ev Avgvi bv‡g Kmg †L‡Z cv‡i †h, Avwg AgyK‡K ¶gv Kie bv| hvI
Avwg Zv‡K ¶gv Kijvg Ges †Zvgvi Avgj bó K‡i w`jvg| wZwb Abyiƒc
e‡j‡QbÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2334; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2226)|
G nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj †h, †Kvb eo Acivax‡K †`‡L ejv hv‡e bv †h, Avj−vn
Zv‡K ¶gv Ki‡eb bv| KviY G‡Z Avj−vn ivMvwš^Z nb Ges Hiƒc †h e‡j Zvi
Avgj bó K‡i †`b| cÖ‡Z¨K gvKz‡li G Avkv ivLv fvj n‡e †h, †h †Kvb Acivax
¶gv †c‡Z cv‡i ev cv‡e BbkvAvj−vn|
# *, 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . v s (- 2 ># ;
d(7; - Q~# <; -( c "C& 7(` p
- / ! /( c *. p -( > 0 7 : # < Z( C9 & -( . ( , /
Q>c7(; ? $ " ? ( t: - Qp "e
* ? ; - Qp U( , ~ # ; ~ # 0 ;
24 †K eo jvfevb
Q0 P"O . 0"> 0((O .p - / j Ml 9 /( ! >g(5 Qc & (5 Qc <M( t: -
Y O 3 Q67 0((O Qq">
( 6 3 - 0 5( Qc $ 9 & -( 6( <O( ! 9 ' $5(
@q ">
( 6 3 - 0 5( QR<S 9 & - 6( <O( ' $5( Q0
kvÏv` Beby AvIm (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô¶gv cÖv_©bv Kivi †kªô
†`vÔAv nj †Zvgvi Giƒc ejv- Avj−vn Zzwg Avgvi cÖwZcvjK, Zzwg e¨ZxZ †Kvb
gve~` †bB, Zzwg Avgv‡K m„wó K‡iQ| Avwg †Zvgvi ev›`v, Avwg Avgvi mva¨vbyhvqx
†Zvgvi Pzw³ I A½xKv‡ii Dci AvwQ| Avwg Avgvi K…ZK‡g©i g›` cwiYvg n‡Z
†Zvgvi wbKU Avkªq Pvw”Q| Avgvi cÖwZ †Zvgvi AbyMÖn‡K Avwg ¯^xKvi Kwi Ges
Avgvi Aciva‡K ¯^xKvi Kwi| myZivs Zzwg Avgv‡K ¶gv Ki| †Kbbv Zzwg e¨ZxZ
Aciva ¶gv Kivi Avi †KD †bB| AZtci ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb, †h e¨w³ G
†`vÔAvi cÖwZ wek¦vm †i‡L w`‡b ej‡e Avi mÜ¨vi Av‡M gviv hv‡e, †m RvbœvZx‡ì
Aš—f©y³ n‡e| Avi †h wek¦vm K‡i iv‡Z ej‡e Ges mKvj nIqvi Av‡M gviv hv‡e
†m RvbœvZx‡ì Aš—f©y³ n‡eÕ (eyLvix, wgkKvZ nv/2335; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2227)|
AÎ †`vÔAvwU ¶gv cÖv_©bvi †kªô †`vÔAv| G‡Z ¸bvn‡K ¯^xKvi Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges
Avj−vni AbyMÖn‡KI ¯^xKvi Kiv n‡q‡Q| Avi Pig web‡qi mv‡_ ¶gv cÖv_©bv Kiv
n‡q‡Q| G‡`vÔAv mKv‡j c‡o mÜ¨vi Av‡M gviv †M‡j Rvbœv‡Z hv‡e Ges mÜ¨vq
c‡o mKv‡ji Av‡M gviv †M‡j Rvbœv‡Z hv‡e| Kv‡RB mKvj-mÜ¨v G †`vÔAvwU cov
GKvš— KZ©e¨|
9 : d(D Z( (O 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . us -( ;
Q _ 2 N 9 .c- /( ? " ( (B d(7; ? ( ' ( ( c "D H . c "D ; 2 ? > Q_2 N
( ?
> Q_2 N 9 .c - /( ? ( ' ( ( c "D ( , > r Qt$ > ( "; ? p
7( (
@XP 0 C ?
DF QP) c ~ i
D /( c "C ( > r Q9(U` } . F j C c "D-
Avbvm (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvj−vn ZvÔAvjv e‡jb, †n Av`g mš—vb!
hZw`b Zzwg Avgv‡K WvK‡e Ges Avgvi wbKU ¶gvi Avkv ivL‡e Avwg †Zvgv‡K
¶gv Kie, †Zvgvi Ae¯’v hvB †nvK bv †Kb| Avwg Kv‡iv ciIqv Kwi bv| Av`g
mš—vb †Zvgvi ¸bvn hw` AvKvk ch©š—I †cuŠ‡Q AZtci Zzwg Avgvi wbKU ¶gv PvI
Avwg †Zvgv‡K ¶gv K‡i †è, Avwg ¶gv Kivi e¨vcv‡i KviI ciIqv Kwi bv|
Av`g mš—vb Zzwg hw` c„w_ex cwigvY ¸bvn wb‡q Avgvi ìev‡i Dcw¯’Z nI Ges
†K eo jvfevb 25
Avgvi mv‡_ †Kvb kixK bv K‡i Avgvi mvg‡b Avm, Avwg c„w_ex cwigvY ¶gv
wb‡q Dcw¯’Z neÕ (wZiwghx, nv`xQ Qnxn, wgkKvZ nv/2336; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2227)|
AÎ nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, Avgiv hw` ¶gv PvB Avj−vn Avgv‡ì ¶gv
Ki‡eb| G‡Z †Kvb wnmve Ki‡eb bv †h, KZ eo Acivax‡K ¶gv Kijvg|
c„w_exi mgcwigvY cvc n‡jI wZwb Kv‡iv ciIqv bv K‡i ¶gv Ki‡eb, hw`
Avgv‡ì wki‡Ki ¸bvn bv _v‡K| Kv‡RB Avgiv eyK fiv Avkv I g‡b fq-fxwZ
wb‡q †h‡Kvb mgq ¶gv PvB‡Z cvwi|
_ [ ( 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O Q$ 0 "; : c b . vs <>; ;
/( w ! O(V . QPH5( n 3 6J B QPHI
Es b
6J B ! ( : 6( H . ( , /
@f % 9
Beby AveŸvm (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h e¨w³ me©`v ¶gv Pvq, Avj−vn
ZvÔAvjv Zvi Rb¨ cÖ‡Z¨K msKxY©Zv n‡Z GKwU c_ †ei K‡i †`b Ges cÖ‡Z¨K
wPš—v n‡Z Zv‡K gyw³ †`b| Avi Zv‡K wiwhK `vb K‡ib †hLvb n‡Z †m KL‡bv
fv‡e bvÕ (Avngv`, wgkKvZ nv/2339; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2230)|
G nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj †h, gvbyl ¶gvi c_ Aej¤^b Ki‡j, Avj−vn Zv‡K wZbwU
myweav `vb K‡ib (1) †h †Kvb mgm¨v †_‡K Zv‡K gyw³ w`‡eb (2) †h †Kvb wPš—v
†_‡K Zv‡K ¯^w¯— w`‡eb (3) Zvi ARv‡š— Zvi i“hxi eë¯’v Ki‡eb|
1*#H ; c -( c "r(#> Z( (O 7, ! 7(; : d7e c* <"> d( #s 9V . 9 Z 4 ( ;
3 / ! ( /( 1
M F , - : Z( (O Z C9 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z( ,. T $ , ! >-(
@z [> > 5( # O( ( B & Q! ' Q!( j
D- _ C( cL
(
bex Kixg (Qvt)-Gi Avhv`K…Z †Mvjvg hvq‡ì cyÎ Bqvmvi Zvi cyÎ †ejvj (ivt)
e‡jb, Avgvi wcZv Avgvi `v`vi gva¨‡g e‡jb †h, Avgvi `v`v hv‡q` e‡j‡Qb,
wZwb ivm~j (Qvt)-†K ej‡Z ï‡b‡Qb, Ô†h e¨w³ ejj Av¯—vMwdi“j−vnvj−vhx jv Bjvnv
Bj−vûqvj nvBqy¨j KvBqyg IqvZzey BjvBwn-Avwg Avj−vni wbKU ¶gv PvB| whwb
e¨ZxZ †Kvb gve~` †bB| whwb wPiÄxe wPi cÖwZôvZv Ges Zuvi wbKU ZIevKvix|
Avj−vn Zv‡K ¶gv K‡i w`‡eb hwÌ †m wRnv‡ì gvV n‡Z cvwj‡q wM‡q _v‡KÕ
(wZiwghx, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, wgkKvZ nv/2353; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2244)| AÎ nv`xQ Øviv eySv
26 †K eo jvfevb
hvq †h, Aby‡kvPbv K‡i ¶gv PvIqvi Rb¨ GB †`vÔAvwU eo gva¨g| G †`vÔAvi
gva¨‡g hy‡×i gvV n‡Z cvwj‡q hvIqvi ¸bvnI ¶gv n‡q hv‡e hv gnvcvc|
Avj−vni `qv I ingZ cÖv_©bvKvix
Avj−vni `qv I ingZ Kvgbv Kiv cÖ‡Z¨K gvby‡li Rb¨ GKvš— Avek¨K| Avj−vni
`qv Zuvi †µva‡K AwZµg K‡i‡Q| GRb¨ Zuvi `qv cvIqv AZxe mnR| gvbyl
Zuvi mš—v‡bi cÖwZ hZ `qvkxj, Avj−vn gvby‡li cÖwZ Zvi †P‡q A‡bK¸Y †ekx
`qvkxj|
gnvb Avj−vn e‡jb,
j
Ml 9 F q $ . U "C& D ( 0 -( d(7; 5 , -( 9M 1 2 <; 9 6& O
@ > . & 3 ! > =$ H
Ô†n Avgvi ev›`vMY hviv Aciva K‡iQ Avj−vni ingZ n‡Z wbivk n‡qv bv| wbðqB
Avj−vn mg¯— ¸bvn ¶gv K‡ib| wbðqB wZwb eo ¶gvkxj I `qvjyÕ (hygvi 53)|
: d8O( >$( 7, ! 7(; : d7e ( Z , . Z( (O :Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
@c <8 ( p
C( <, c $ . ! ; h
5( # "; 0 5( =<B f B( E 7& I &
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvj−vn hLb gvLj~K m„wói B”Qv
Ki‡jb, GKwU wjwc wjL‡jb hv Zuvi wbKU Zuvi Avi‡ki Dci Av‡Q, Avgvi `qv
Avgvi †µva AwZµg K‡i‡QÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2364; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2255)| G
nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj †h, Avj−vn Ab¨v‡qi Rb¨ kvw¯— w`‡Z Pvb bv; eis me mgq
¶gv Ki‡Z Pvb|
q( ^( ! 7 7, ! 7(; : d7e ( Z , . Z( (O :Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
0 ( y( 9 0<5( _* 0 & ^0<& u
g& * G
& XP # qP $ . 0" Z( [ -( qs $ .
0 9 qP $ . D = D : `> -( 3# ( d(7; & z U D 0 ( $ 9
@q C & _ 9 2 <;
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvj−vni GKkZ ingZ i‡q‡Q hv
n‡Z GKwU gvÎ ingZ wZwb wRb, gvbyl, cï I KxU-cZ‡½i g‡a¨ bvwhj K‡i‡Qb|
†K eo jvfevb 27
G ØvivB Zviv G‡K Ab¨‡K gvqv K‡i| Gi gva¨‡gB G‡K Ab¨‡K `qv K‡i Ges Gi
gva¨‡gB BZi cÖvYxiv Zv‡ì mš—vb‡ì‡K fvjev‡m| evKx wbivbeŸBwU ingZ
wK¡qvg‡Zi w`‡bi Rb¨ †i‡L w`‡q‡Qb| hv Øviv wZwb wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b Avcb ev›`v‡ì
cÖwZ ingZ Ki‡ebÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2365; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2256)|
G nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj †h, Avj−vn GKwU ingZ mg¯— cÖvYxi g‡a¨ fvM K‡i
w`‡q‡Qb| hvi Kvi‡Y mKj cÖvYx wbR wbR mš—vb‡K Avì K‡i| gvbyl mš—vb‡K
AveŸy-Av¤§y e‡j †W‡K Avì K‡i Pzgy Lvq| Mvfx Zvi ev”Pv‡K Avì K‡i wRnŸv
w`‡q Pv‡U, gyiMx Zvi ev”Pv‡K Avì K‡i Wv‡K| GKwU `qvi cÖwZwµqv hw` GZ
nq, Zvn‡j wbivbeŸBwU `hv Avj−vn ev›`v‡K ¶gv Kivi Rb¨ wK¡qvg‡Zi gv‡V wb‡q
Avm‡eb, Zvi cÖwZwµqv KZ n‡Z cv‡i| AZGe wK¡qvg‡Zi gv‡V `qv I ingZ
cve e‡j c~Y© Avkvev`x BbkvAvj−vn|
] $ & 7( 9 ( 7, ! 7(; : d7e
( Z , . Z( (O :Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
q $ > # "; 5(A& 7( 9 ( #Y -( ! ">G
T $ y( q C & # ";
@#Y -( ! ">H ( "O(
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ôhw` gywgb RvbZ Avj−vni wbKU
wK kvw¯— i‡q‡Q, Zvn‡j Zuvi Rvbœv‡Zi Avkv †KD KiZ bv| Avi hw` Kv‡di RvbZ
Avj−vni wbKU wK cwigvY `qv i‡q‡Q, Z‡e †KD Zvi RvbœvZ n‡Z wbivk nZ bvÕ
(eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2367; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2257)|
AÎ nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj †h, Avj−vni ingZ I kvw¯—i Ae¯’v hLb GB ZLb
gvby‡li c‡¶ Avkv I wbivkvi ga¨ve¯’vq _vKvB DwPZ| RxeÏkvq fq I
giYKv‡j Avkv †cvlY KivB evÃbxq| wbf©xK nIqv Ges wbivk nIqv Kzdix|
( 6W H . Z( (O 7, ! 7(; : d7e ( Z , . Z( (O :Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
de -( ' $ & 8
>$7(5( ! & d(7; 6W H . x , -( qs 9 . c 5 ! 73 k(
l O( =` 6& $ 9
! 7(; : . # O( )( 5( % <& c5 ! ( S
* <& c5 ! ( S
.& > r O* % 5( '
(g5( ! "
% <& : k(5( 3 -( 7 5( '
$> 7(5( Q $ (& =# -( ! MJ 9 /( =(M; ! ">MJ (
28 †K eo jvfevb
p
-( ?
i
` Z( (O M( 3 p
7& 5( Z( (O > r ! 5 T $ G
5( > <& -( ! 5 T $ G 5(
@! ( ( 5( 7(; -(
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔGK e¨w³ KL‡bv †Kvb fvj KvR
K‡iwb| Zvi cwievi-cwiRb‡K ejj, Ab¨ eY©bvq Av‡Q, GK e¨w³ wb‡Ri cÖwZ
AwePvi Kij, eo Aciva Kij| wKš‘ hLb Zvi g„Zz¨ Dcw¯’Z nj, ZLb †m Zvi
mš—vb‡ì AwQqZ Kij, hLb †m gviv hv‡e ZLb Zv‡K †hb cywo‡q †djv nq|
AZtci A‡a©K ¯’‡j I A‡a©K mgy‡`ª wQwU‡q †`qv nq| Avj−vni Kmg! hw` wZwb
Zv‡K ai‡Z m¶g nb, Z‡e Ggb kvw¯— w`‡eb hv RM‡Zi KvD‡K KL‡bv †`bwb|
hLb †m gviv †Mj Zvi wb‡`©k gZ mš—vbiv KvR Kij| Avj−vn mgy`ª‡K ûKzg
w`‡jb, mgy`ª Zvi g‡a¨ hv wQj Zv GKÎ K‡i w`j| Gfv‡e ¯’j fvM‡K wb‡`©k
w`‡jb, ¯’jfvM Zvi g‡a¨ hv wQj Zv GKÎ K‡i w`j| AZtci Avj−vn Zv‡K
wR‡Ám Ki‡jb, Zzwg †Kb Giƒc K‡iwQ‡j? †m ejj, †n cÖwZcvjK! †Zvgvi f‡q
Giƒc K‡iwQ| †kl ch©š— Avj−vn Zv‡K ¶gv K‡i w`‡jbÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ
nv/2369)|
e¨vL¨v : †jvKwU AÁ wQj| Avj−vni ¶gZv m¤ú‡K© Zvi mwVK aviYv wQj bv| wKš‘
Aš—‡i Avj−vni fq wQj| †jvKwUi aviYv †m GZ eo cvcx †h Avj−vn Zv‡K GZ
KwVb kvw¯— w`‡eb †h kvw¯— c„w_exi Avi †Kvb gvbyl‡K w`‡eb bv| GiciI Avj−vn
Zv‡K ¶gv K‡i w`‡jb| AZGe †h †Kvb eo Acivax ¶gv †c‡Z cv‡i
BbkvAvj−vn|
XW -( (g5( cY <, 7, ! 7(; : d7e c* <"> d(7; _ # O( ! "; : c b . j UI & $ ; ;
0"U& < ! C( S &k(5( ! DM( ` -( c <> c5 <e ' # H ( c D 09# r( f 7% D # O( c <>
( "7& O . >" c5 3# ( qP . (y M 3 ( D-( 7, ! 7(; : d7e cL <"> "( Z( (C5( ! b . -(
@3# ( M 3 2 < . -( ! 7( Z( (C5( ! U& D ( & -( d(7; . # C& D c 3
Igi (ivt) e‡jb, GKevi bex Kixg (Qvt)-Gi wbKU KZK hy×e›`x Avmj| †`Lv
†Mj GKwU ¯¿x †jv‡Ki `ya S‡i co‡Q Avi †m wkï A‡š^l‡Y †`Šov‡`Šwo Ki‡Q|
nVvr †m e›`x‡ì g‡a¨ GKwU wkï †cj Ges Zv‡K †Kv‡j †U‡b wbj I `ya cvb
Kivj| ZLb bex Kixg (Qvt) Avgv‡ì‡K ej‡jb, †Zvgv‡ì wK g‡b nq GB ¯¿x
†jvKwU wb‡Ri †Q‡j‡K Av¸‡b wb‡¶c Ki‡Z cv‡i? †m hLb A‡bï mš—v‡bi cÖwZ
†K eo jvfevb 29
GZ †øn †`Lvq, ZLb wb‡Ri mš—vb‡K wK Av¸‡b wb‡¶c Ki‡Z cv‡i? Avgiv
ejjvg, †n Avj−vni ivm~j! KL‡bv bv, †m Zvi mš—vb‡K Av¸‡b wb‡¶c Ki‡Z cv‡i
bv| ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb, wbðqB Avj−vn Zuvi ev›`vi cÖwZ GB ¯¿x †jv‡Ki mš—v‡bi
cÖwZ `qv A‡c¶v AwaK `qvevbÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2370; evsjv wgkKvZ
nv/2260)| G nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj Avj−vn KZ eo `qvjy| Kv‡RB GZ `qvkxj
Avj−vn mn‡R Zuvi ev›`v‡K Rvnvbœv‡g w`‡eb bv| Avgiv G e¨vcv‡i eo Avkvev`x|
Avj−vni bvg ¯§iYKvix
†h me Avg‡ji wewbg‡q Avj−vni bex RvbœvZ jv‡fi †NvlYv w`‡q‡Qb, Avj−vni bvg
mg~n ¯§iY Kiv Zvi g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg|
qW D ! 7 7, ! 7(; : d7e ( Z , . Z( (O :Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
@ D & f
L % 9 Y D 3 q( ">G
& 6( ` 2 / #Y -( 0K ( %
9 ( XP # / qP ^( =$, ( D
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvj−vni wbivbeŸBwU GK Kg
GKkZwU bvg i‡q‡Q| †h Zv ¯§iY Ki‡e, †m Rvbœv‡Z hv‡e| Ab¨ GK eY©bvq
Av‡Q, ÔAvj−vni †e‡Rvo‡K fvjev‡mbÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2287; evsjv wgkKvZ
nv/2179)| Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv e‡jb, @0
; 2 (5 d" %
& t: $, k(& ! 7 ÔAvj−vni KZK
DËg bvg i‡q‡Q| †Zvgiv †m bv‡gi gva¨‡g Avj−vn‡K WvKÕ (Avivd 180)| AvqvZ I
nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, Avj−vni ¸YevPK bv‡gi gva¨‡g Zuv‡K WvK‡j Avj−vn
Zvi Wv‡K mvov w`‡eb Ges Zv‡K Rvbœv‡Z w`‡eb|
Zvmexn cvVKvix
Rvbœv‡Z hvIqvi GK eo gva¨g Zvmexn cvV Kiv| myenvbvj−vn, Avjnvg`ywjj−vn,
jv Bjvnv Bj−vj−vn I Avj−vû AvKevi e‡j Zvmexn cvV Kiv| Zvmexn cvV Kiv
Avj−vni wbKU me‡P‡q wcÖq Bev`Z|
Z( O-( & F 7, ! 7(; : d7e ( Z , . Z( (O :Z( (O ! "; : c b
. X( 9 3 c -( ;
! 7(; p 7(y( >$ c> ( f L -( Q<B& - : Q: / ! /( Q # $ ( Q ( %<,
@u $ i>
30 †K eo jvfevb
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvgvi wbKU mg¯— c„w_ex
A‡c¶vI wcÖqZi n‡”Q myenvbvj−vn, Avjnvg`ywjj−vn, jv Bjvnv Bj−vj−vn I Avj−vû
AvKevi ejvÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2295; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2187)| nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj
Dc‡iv³ evK¨¸wj Avj−vni wbKU mgMÖ c„w_ex A‡c¶vI DËg|
( %<, Z( (O Z( (O 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z( , . -( ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
@ %
<& # V 6( m& p (B & 9(U` p
U Xs > q( ^( _s 9 c 5 # $ %

Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h e¨w³ ˆ`wbK GKkZ evi
ej‡e, myenvbvj−vwn Iqv wenvgw`nx A_©vr Avj−vni cweÎZv eY©bv Kwi Zuvi cÖksmvi
mv‡_, Zvi mg¯— ¸bvn gvd Kiv n‡e, hwÌ Zvi ¸bvn mgy‡`ªi †dbvi b¨vq AwaK
nqÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2296; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2188)|
G nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj gvby‡li ¸bvn hZ †ekxB †nvK bv †Kb GB Zvmexn w`‡b
GKkZ evi cvV Ki‡j mg¯— ¸bvn ¶gv Kiv n‡e|
$ 7B( 7, ! 7(; : d7e
( Z , . Z( (O :Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
Q# $ %
( %<, $ > d( << Q[ c5 7(C r( Q 7 d(7; ( `
@ K ( %<,
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô`yÕwU msw¶ß evK¨ hv ejv mnR,
A_P cvj−v‡Z fvix I Avj−vni wbKU AwaK wcÖq| Zv nj, myenvbvj−vwn Iqv
wenvgw`nx, myenvbvj−vwnj AvhxgÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2298; evsjv wgkKvZ
nv/2190)| G ZvmexnwU wZbwU êwk‡óï AwaKvix- (1) ejv Lye mnR (2)
wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b cvj−vq fvix n‡e (3) Avj−vni wbKU AZxe wcÖq| GB Zvmexn cvV
Kivi cwiYvg RvbœvZ|
7, ! 7(; : d7e
( Z , . # "; ">B Z( (O ! "; : c b . s O c -( # , ;
! ^ 7(H 6W ^, ! (k( 5( !qs " z &- _s 9 6J B & f A& 9> & - B # - [ G 9-( Z( (C5(

l% 9 -( Qsq" z
&- ! ( f
A& 5( qs %
< D q( )( R < 9 : Z( (O sq" z &- f A& 9 z B(
@qs )(U ` z &- ! ";
†K eo jvfevb 31
mvÔ` Beby Avwe Iqv°vQ (ivt) e‡jb, GK`v Avgiv ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi wbKU wQjvg|
Gmg‡q wZwb e‡j‡jb, †Zvgv‡ì †KD wK ˆ`wbK GK nvhvi †bKx AR©b Ki‡Z
A¶g? Zuvi mv‡_ emv †Kvb Qvnvex ej‡jb, wKfv‡e Avgv‡ì †KD ˆ`wbK GK
nvhvi †bKx AR©b Ki‡Z cv‡i? ZLb ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb, †m ˆ`wbK GKkZ evi
myenvbvj−vn ej‡e| G‡Z Zvi Rb¨ GK nvhvi †bKx †jLv n‡e| A_ev Zvi GK
nvhvi ¸bvn gvd Kiv n‡eÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2299; evsjv wgkKvZ nv2191)| G nv`xQ
Øviv eySv †Mj †h, ˆ`wbK GKkZ evi Ômyenvbvj−vnÕ ej‡Z cvi‡j GK nvhvi †bKx
†jLv n‡e wKsev GK nvhvi ¸bvn gvd Kiv n‡e|
XP A& 3# "; ` 7, ! 7(; : d7e c> <"> -( 0 "; : c b . q( 9 9 H ;
p
&V Z( (C5( qW H c 3 d%b -( & -( # T H . > r 3# G c 5 c 3 R <S L d7e
p
7& O # C( ( 7, ! 7(; : d7e cL <"> Z( (O p ((O 07(; ? O& . (5 c Z %& d(7;
( %<, > 0 V ( _ & M " p 7& O $ p V ( ' s > { ( 4 ( r( ' s $7B( T . -( ~ #
@! D$7B( 2 # ! ; q( V ! & b. ! C 7& ` 2 # ; # $ %
D¤§yj gywgbxb RyIqvBwiqv n‡Z ewY©Z, GKw`b Lye mKv‡j bex Kixg (Qvt) Zuvi
wbKU n‡Z †ei n‡jb, hLb wZwb dR‡ii QvjvZ Av`vq K‡i ¯^xq Qvjv‡Zi ¯’v‡b
emv wQ‡jb| AZtci ivm~j (Pvt) cÖZ¨veZ©b Ki‡jb, hLb m~h© Lye Dc‡i DVj,
ZL‡bv RyIqvBwiqv (ivt) Z_vq emv wQ‡jb| ivm~j (Qvt) wR‡Ám Ki‡jb, Avwg
†Zvgvi †_‡K c„_K nIqv Aewa wK Zzwg G Ae¯’vq AvQ? wZwb ej‡jb, nu¨v| ZLb
bex Kixg (Qvt) ej‡jb, †Zvgvi c‡i Avwg gvÎ PviwU evK¨ wZbevi e‡jwQ, hw`
Zzwg G Aewa hv e‡jQ Zvi mv‡_ Ihb †`qv nq, Zvn‡j evK¨¸wji IhbB †ekx
n‡e| evK¨¸wj n‡”Q, myenvbvj−vwn Iqv wenvgw`wn Av`v`v LvjwKwn Iqvwihv
bvdwmwn, IqvwhbvZv Aviwknx Iqv wg`v`v KvwjgvwZwn| A_© Avj−vni cweÎZv
eY©bv Kwi Zuvi cÖksmv mnKv‡i Zuvi m„wói msL¨v cwigvY, Zuvi m‡š—vl cwigvY, Zuvi
Avi‡ki Ihb cwigvY I Zuvi evK¨ mg~‡ni msL¨v cwigvYÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2301;
evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2193)| G nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj †h, G evK¨¸wji †bKx mxgvnxb| G
ev‡K¨ Avj−vni A‡bK A‡bK cÖksmv Kiv hvq| GB evK¨¸wj‡Z Avj−vni †ekx †ekx
mš‘wó AR©b Kiv hvq|
32 †K eo jvfevb
/ ! /( Z( (O 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
Xs > q( )( _s 9
& QY9#O( ts c 6J B d(7; 3 Q# $ ( ! ( ?
7& ! ( Q!( ?
9 /( # :
! ( p (B Qsq)(*, q )( ! "; p % Qsq" q )( ! ( p
<B j s (O. i ; Z( # ; ! ( p (B
6W H . / ! tF H >$ 6( 8 5& k( #Y -( '
k9 ( Qc $ 9 d> ? ( ! 9 (Ui
> PV
@! " m(B& - 6( $ ;
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h e¨w³ ˆ`wbK GKkZ evi
ej‡e QY9#O( ts c
6J B d(7; 3 Q# $
( ! ( ?
7& ! ( Q!( ?
9 /( # : / ! /(
Avj−vn e¨ZxZ †Kvb gve~` †bB, wZwb GKK, Zuvi †Kvb kixK †bB, ZuviB ivRZ¡,
ZuviB cÖksmv Ges wZwbB n‡”Qb, mg¯— wel‡qi Dci ¶gZvevb| H e¨w³i `kwU
†Mvjvg Avhv` Kivi mgvb †bKx n‡e| Zvi Rb¨ Av‡iv GKkZ †bKx †jLv n‡e
Ges GKkZ ¸bvn gvd Kiv n‡e Ges G evK¨ Zv‡K H w`‡bi Rb¨ kqZvb n‡Z
i¶vKeP n‡e mÜ¨v ch©š— Ges †m hv Ki‡Q Zv A‡c¶v DËg †KD wKQy Ki‡Z
cvi‡e bv| H e¨w³ e¨ZxZ †h G Avgj A‡c¶v AwaK Avgj Ki‡eÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg,
wgkKvZ nv/2302; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2194)|
AÎ nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, †h e¨w³ G †`vÔAvwU ˆ`wbK GKkZ evi ej‡e †m
`kRb †Mvjvg Avhv` Kivi mgvb †bKx cv‡e| Av‡iv GKkZwU †bKx †ekx Kiv
n‡e Ges GKkZwU ¸bvn ¶gv Kiv n‡e Ges †m w`b kqZvb Zvi †Kvb ¶wZ
Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv|
7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . T >"B : Z( O( ! "; : c b
. 1
F d, c - ;
0 9L-( : 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . Z( C( 5( Q <A& > ( 0 G
9 v
>" 6( G
5( Qs( , c 5
= $ , ( ; # D A > Q<=^( /( Q>$e
- ( ; # D /( A > Q A -( d7(; . Qv>"
d, -( Z( O( Q!7( . E "; B # -( j
O& -( ! ; # D 1
M Q A 3 Q= S

/( - QsuO( # <; 9 Z( C( 5( Qc & c 5 / X( > O /( Z( /( Z O-( ! ( 7& ` -(
. / X( > O /( Z( /( Z( O( Q Z( , . 9 d7 p
7& O q">
( V "B [s "B( d7; ?
l2 -(
†K eo jvfevb 33
Avey g~mv AvkÔAvix (ivt) e‡jb, Avgiv GK md‡i ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi mv‡_ wQjvg|
†jv‡Kiv D”P¯^‡i ZvKexi ej‡Z jvMj| ZLb ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb, †n gvbyl!
†Zvgiv †Zvgv‡ì cÖwZ ing Ki Ges bxi‡e ZvKexi cvV Ki| †Zvgiv ewai‡K
WvKQ bv Ges Abycw¯’Z‡KI WvKQ bv| †Zvgiv WvKQ me©‡kªvZv I me©`ªóv‡K, wZwb
†Zvgv‡ì mv‡_ Av‡Qb| hv‡K †Zvgiv WvKQ wZwb †Zvgv‡ì evn‡bi Nvo A‡c¶vI
†Zvgv‡ì AwaK wbK‡U Av‡Qb| Avey g~mv e‡jb, Avwg ZLb ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi
wcQ‡b Pz‡c Pz‡c ejwQjvg, Ôjv nvIjv Iqvjv KzIqvZv Bj−v wej−vnÕ A_©vr Avgvi
†Kvb Dcvq †bB, †Kvb kw³ †bB Avj−vni mvnvh¨ e¨ZxZ| ZLb ivm~j (Qvt)
ej‡jb, I‡n Beby Kv‡qm! Avwg wK †Zvgv‡K Rvbœv‡Zi fvÊvi mg~‡ni GKwU
fvÊv‡ii mÜvb wè bv? Avwg ejjvg, wbðqB †n Avj−vni ivm~j! wZwb ej‡jb, Zv
n‡”Q- Ôjv nvIjv Iqvjv KzIqvZv Bj−v wej−vnÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2303; evsjv
wgkKvZ nv/2195)|
G nv`xQ Øvi eySv †Mj †h, D”P¯^‡i ZvKexi ev whwKi Kiv hv‡e bv| KviY Avj−vn
me©‡kªvZv I me©`ªóv| mv‡_ mv‡_ wZwb ev›`vi LyeB Kv‡Q _v‡Kb| A_©vr Zuvi ingZ
I mvnvh¨ gvby‡li mv‡_ _v‡K| AÎ †`vÔAvwU cvV Ki‡j RvbœvZ jvf Kiv hv‡e|
Z( (O 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; c b . p >S X( 2 <; ;
d(7; 3 # $ % & ! ( ?
7& $ & ! ( ! ( ?
9 ( # : / ! ( /( Z( (C5( 6 7 .> D
X( > O /( Z( /( <B& -( : : ! ( ( ( %< , ! 7 # $ % & Y 9# O( ts c 6J B
@! D4
(e p 7(<O d7e k(b > D & g5( ! ( f
G
, ;2 -( c & > 0 7 Z( (O > r
Dev`v Beby Qv‡gZ (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h e¨w³
ivwÎ‡Z RvMÖZ n‡q e‡j Avj−vn e¨ZxZ †Kvb Dcvm¨ †bB, wZwb GK, Zuvi †Kvb
kixK †bB, ZuviB ivRZ¡, ZuviB Rb¨ cÖksmv, wZwb mg¯— wel‡qi Dci ¶gZvevb,
Avwg Avj−vni cweÎZv eY©bv KiwQ, mg¯— cÖksmv Avj−vni, Avj−vn e¨ZxZ †Kvb
gvÔe~` †bB, Avj−vn AwZ gnvb, Avj−vni mvnvh¨ e¨ZxZ Avgvi †Kvb kw³ I mvg_©¨
†bB| AZtci e‡j, †n ciIqvi‡`Mvi! Zzwg Avgvq ¶gv Ki| A_ev †Kvb cÖv_©bv
K‡i (ivexi m‡›`n, ivm~j †Kvb kã e‡j‡Qb), Avj−vn Zvi †m cÖv_©bv Keyj K‡ib
Ges †m hw` Ih~ K‡i QvjvZ Av`vq K‡i, Avj−vn Zvi †m QvjvZ Keyj K‡ibÕ
(eyLvix, e½vbyev` wgkKvZ nv/1145)|
34 †K eo jvfevb
> D 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
@t #; F q D$ Qt8C( t , Qt(Ci
> ~ . 2 Qt4 ( < # 0 H
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†Zvgiv wec‡ì
Kó, `yf©v‡Mï AvµgY, wbqwZi Awbó I wec‡` kÎ“i nvwm n‡Z Avj−vni wbKU
Avkªq cÖv_©bv KiÕ (gyËvdvK¡ AvjvBn, e½vbyev` wgkKvZ nv/2344)|
; -( > 0 7 Z C 9 7, ! 7(; : d7e
cL <"> ( (B Z( (O ! "; c b . ? s u -( ;
@Z H* q <7(( 9#> T 7& b
[ %
& * 0 & ?

Avbvm (ivt) n‡Z wZwb e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡Zb, Avj−vn Avwg †Zvgvi wbK‡U
Avkªq PvB wPš—v, †kvK, A¶gZv, AjmZv, Kvcyi“lZv, K…cYZv, F‡Yi †evSv I
gvby‡li Rei`w¯— n‡ZÕ (gyËvdvK¡ AvjvBn, e½vbyev` wgkKvZ nv/2345)|
> 0 7 Z C 9 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . ( (B Z( (O ! "; c b . O(. -( # 9V ;
c & ' N > 0 7 Q<C( j M; Q_ ( 6 I < Q6 A( [ G ? ; -( c *
s 7& ; ? ; -( c * > 0 7 Q3/( 0L p
- Q3BV ` p - 0JBV Q3C& D
@0( j G 9 /( Xs ; 2 T<i
D /( us & QTi
I 9 /( fs 7& O( T( "9 /(
hv‡q` Beby AviKvg (ivt) n‡Z wZwb e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡Zb, Ô†n Avj−vn! Avwg
A¶gZv, AjmZv, Kvcyi“lZv, K…cYZv, eva©K¨ I Kei Avhve n‡Z †Zvgvi Avkªq
cÖv_©bv KiwQ| †n Avj−vn! Avgvi AvZ¥v‡K mshg `vb Ki, Zv‡K cweÎ Ki, ZzwgB
†kªô cveK, Zzwg Zvi AwffveK I cÖfy| †n Avj−vn! Avwg †Zvgvi wbKU Avkªq
cÖv_©bv KiwQ H Ávb n‡Z hv DcKvi K‡i bv, H Aš—i n‡Z hv fxZ ev webgª nq
bv, H gb n‡Z hv Z…wß jvf K‡i bv Ges H †`vÔAv n‡Z hv Keyj nq bvÕ (gymwjg,
e½vbyev` wgkKvZ nv/2347)|
7, ! 7(; : d7e

Z , . t ; 2 ( (B Z( (O ! "; c b
. $ ; # <; ;
T $ H Q?$ C& X tF G5 Q?5; Z L % D Q?$ Z V ? ; -( c * > 0 7
@? U I ,
†K eo jvfevb 35
Avãyj−vn Beby Igi (ivt) n‡Z wZwb e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi †`vÔAv wQj, Ô†n
Avj−vn! Avwg †Zvgvi Avkªq cÖv_©bv KiwQ †Zvgvi †bÔAvg‡Zi n«vmcÖvwß, †Zvgvi
kvwš—i weeZ©b, †Zvgvi kvw¯—i nVvr AvµgY Ges †Zvgvi mg¯— Am‡š—vl n‡ZÕ
(gymwjg, e½vbyev` wgkKvZ nv/2348)|
c * > 0 7 Z C 9 7, ! 7(; : d7e

Z , . ( (B p ((O 0 "; c b . q( i
^; ;
@6& $ ; - ( * p
7& $ ; * ? ; -
Av‡qkv (ivt) n‡Z wZwb e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡Zb, †n Avj−vn! Avwg †Zvgvi
wbKU Avkªq PvB, hv Avwg K‡iwQ Zvi Awbó n‡Z Ges hv Avwg wKiwb Zvi Awbó
n‡ZÕ (gymwjg, e½vbyev` wgkKvZ nv/2349)|
? ( > 0 7 Z C 9 ( (B 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z( , . -( ! "; c b . vs ><; ;
; - > 0 7 .p $ e ` ? Qp<- ? ( Qp7& B D ?7; Qp" N ? Qp$ 7(, -(
@( D $ 9 u
L Q' $ D /( 1 M cL
( p
-( Qc "78
D & - p
-( / ! /( ?D[>
Beby AveŸvm (ivt) n‡Z wZwb e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡Zb, †n Avj−vn! Avwg †Zvgvi
wbKU AvZ¥mgc©Y Kijvg, †Zvgvi cÖwZ wek¦vm ¯’vcb Kijvg, †ZvgviB cÖwZ fimv
Kijvg, †ZvgivB w`‡K cÖZ¨veZ©b Kijvg Ges †Zvgvi mvnv‡h¨ (†Zvgvi kÎ“i
mv‡_) jojvg| †n Avj−vn! Avwg †Zvgvi cÖZv‡ci Avkªq cÖv_©bv KiwQ, Zzwg e¨ZxZ
†Kvb gvÔe~` †bB, Avgv‡K c_åó Kiv n‡Z, Zzwg wPiÄxe, KLbI gi‡e bv; Avi
wRb I gvbyl g„Zz¨ eiY Ki‡eÕ (gyËvdvK¡ AvjvBn, e½vbyev` wgkKvZ nv/2350)|
c * > 0 7 Z C 9 ( (B 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z( , . -( ! "; c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
@h
4
( ` k(& t , h
("* h
(Ci
* ? ; -(
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) n‡Z wZwb e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡Zb, †n Avj−vn! Avwg
†Zvgvi wbKU m‡Zï wei“×vPiY, KcUZv I Pwi‡Îi AmvayZv n‡Z Avkªq cÖv_©bv
KiwQÕ (Avey `vD`, bvmvC, e½vbyev` wgkKvZ nv/2354)|
( %<, Z( (O 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; c b . s H ;
@q ">G
& c5 qW 7(I
! ( p
, # $ %
K &
36 †K eo jvfevb
Rvwei (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h e¨w³ ej‡e Ômyenvbvj−vwnj Avhxg
Iqv wenvgw`wnÕ A_©vr gnvb Avj−vni cweÎZv eY©bv Kwi Zuvi cÖksmvi mv‡_ Zvi
Rb¨ Rvbœv‡Z GKwU †LRyi MvQ †ivcb Kiv n‡eÕ (wZiwghx, nv`xQ Qnxn, wgkKvn nv/2304;
evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2196)| nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, GB Zvmexn cvV Ki‡j Avj−vn
Zv‡K RvbœvZ w`‡eb|
6 8
5& -( 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O !"; cb. s $ ; # <; ;
@! 7 # $ %
& t ;#L 6 8
5& -( : / ! ( /( B& MJ
Ave`yj−vn Beby Avgi (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ôm‡ev©Ëg whwKi n‡”Q Ôjv
Bjvnv Bj−vj−vnÕ Ges m‡e©vËg †`vÔAv n‡”Q ÔAvjnvg`ywjj−vnÕ (wZiwghx, nv`xQ Qnxn,
wgkKvZ nv/2306)|
we‡kl cÖv_©bvKvix
Bev`Z n‡”Q Avj−vni wb‡`©k cvjb Kiv, Zuvi wbKU AvÍmgc©Y Kiv, weYq cÖKvk
Kiv| Avi cÖv_©bv Ki‡Z G¸wj P‚ovš—fv‡e cvIqv hvq| GRb¨ †`vÔAv n‡”Q
Bev`‡Zi g~j| Avj−vni wbKU †`vÔAv A‡c¶v †Kvb wRwbmB AwaK m¤§vwbZ bq|
GRb¨ Avj−vn e‡j‡Qb, A ( f
G
, -( c ; 2 Ô†Zvgiv Avgvi wbKU †`vÔAv Ki,
Avwg †Zvgv‡ì cÖv_©bv Keyj KieÕ (Mvwdi 60)|
Ab¨Î wZwb e‡jb,@ ;2 (
># X( ; 2 f
H - f
Y 9 O( c *g5( c "*; 1
2 <; ?
(k(, (
ÔAvi hLb Avgvi ev›`viv Avcbv‡K Avgvi e¨vcv‡i wR‡Ám K‡i, (Avcwb gvbyl‡K
ejyb) Avwg ev›`vi wbK‡U i‡qwQ| Avwg cÖv_©bvKvixi cÖv_©bv Keyj Kwi, hLb †m
Avgvi wbKU cÖv_©bv K‡iÕ (evKvivn 186)|
Ab¨Î wZwb Av‡iv e‡jb, @qP & `
=;L 8
D A >. ; 2 Ô†Zvgiv †Zvgv‡ì
cÖwZcvj‡Ki wbKU cÖv_©bv Ki, AZxe web‡qi mv‡_ Ges AZxe †Mvc‡bÕ (AvÔivd
55)| gvbyl mewKQyB Zvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki wbKU PvB‡e|
! >. B # -( Z k( ( 7, ! 7(; : d7e

Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . u s -( ;
@T U( C( ( ! 7 T ! (k( 9 d> 07B ! H
†K eo jvfevb 37
Avbvm (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†Zvgv‡ì cÖ‡Z¨‡KB †hb ¯^xq
cÖwZcvj‡Ki wbKU hveZxq wRwbm cÖv_©bv K‡i| GgbwK hLb Zvi RyZvi †`vqvjx
wQ‡o hvq, ZvI †hb Avj−vni wbKU PvqÕ (wZiwghx, wgkKvZ nv/2251; evsjv wgkKvZ
nv/2145)| G nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj †h, †QvU †nvK, eo †nvK mewKQy Avj−vni wbKU
PvB‡Z n‡e|
Avj−vn gvbyl‡K cÖv_©bv Kivi Rb¨ e‡j‡Qb| cÖv_©bv Kiv bexM‡Yi mybœZ| gvby‡li
Wv‡K Avj−vn mvov †`b| gvbyl PvB‡j Avj−vn `vb K‡ib| gvbyl ¶gv PvB‡j Avj−vn
¶gv K‡ib| Avj−vn‡K mš‘ó Kivi eo gva¨g cÖv_©bv Kiv|
# < 7& j
G 9 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . Z( O( Z( O( ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
Z( (O Z G , Z( , . 9 6( O 6& G 9 ( s . q U O( -( s r&g # 9 (
@tF ;#L # 9 ?
( # "; % 5( c f
G 9 . -( 7(5( '
; 2 # O( ' ; 2 # O( Z C 9
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†Mvbvni Kv‡Ri †`vÔAv bv Ki‡j
A_ev AvÍxqZvi eÜb wQbœ Kivi †`vÔAv bv Ki‡j wKsev †`vÔAv‡Z ZvovZvwo bv
Ki‡j ev›`vi †`vÔAv Keyj Kiv nq| wR‡Ám Kiv nj, †n Avj−vni ivm~j!
ZvovZvwo wK? ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb, gvbyl ej‡e Avwg G †`vÔAv K‡iwQ, Avwg H
†`vÔAv K‡iwQ, ˆK Avgvi †`vÔAv †Zv Keyj n‡Z †`Ljvg bv| AZtci †m `ye©j I
Ajm n‡q c‡o Ges †`vÔAv Kiv †Q‡o †`qÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2227)|
G nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj †h, cvc Kv‡Ri Rb¨ †`vÔAv Ki‡j Keyj nq bv|
AvZ¥xqZvi eÜb wQbœ Kivi †`vÔAv Ki‡j ZvI Kezj nq bv| Avevi Keyj nq bv
e‡j AjmZv Kiv hv‡e bv Ges †`vÔAv Kiv †Q‡o †`qvI hv‡e bv| Avj−vn gvby‡li
†`vÔAv‡K wZb fvM K‡ib| h_v (1) hv Pvq Zv †`qv nq| †h wec` n‡Z euvP‡Z Pvq
Zv n‡Z i¶v cvq| (2) hv Pvq Zvi †P‡q †ewk †`qv nq wKsev †h wec` n‡Z
euvP‡Z Pvq Zvi †P‡q eo wec` n‡Z i¶v Kiv nq| ZLb †m g‡b K‡i Avgvi
†`vÔAv Keyj nj bv| (3) Zvi †`vÔAvi cÖwZ`vb ciKv‡j cv‡i ZLb †m g‡b K‡i
Zvi †`vÔAv Keyj nj bv|
7 $ & X ; 2 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( O( Z( O( ! "; : c b . t 2. #> c -( ;
? 7($ & Z( (O s I ! ` k( ;2 $7B 6W B ?
Y 7( ! , -&. # "; qW G f & 0 K( ! ` k(
@6s m&$ ?
( N ! 6 B $ &
38 †K eo jvfevb
AveyÏvi`v (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†Kvb gymjgvb Zvi †Kvb gymjgvb
fvB‡qi Rb¨ Zvi A‡MvP‡i †h †`vÔAv K‡i †m †`vÔAv Keyj Kiv nq| Zvi gv_vi
cv‡k GKRb wdwikZv wbhy³ _v‡Kb| hLb †m Zvi fvB‡qi Rb¨ Kj¨v‡Yi †`vÔAv
K‡i wbhy³ wdwikZv e‡jb, (Avgxb) Avj−vn Keyj Ki Ges †Zvgvi RbÏ Hiƒc
†nvKÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2228; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2124)| G nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj †h,
gymjgvb fvB‡qi Rb¨ Kj¨v‡Yi †`vÔAv Kiv DwPr| A‡MvP‡i †`vÔAv †ekx Keyj
nq| KviY G mgq †`vÔAv Keyj Kiv‡bvi Rb¨ wdwikZv wbhy³ _v‡Kb| wdwikZv
Df‡qi Rb¨ mgvb Keyj nIqv Kvgbv K‡ib|
A -( d(7; ; # D /( 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . Z( O( Z( O( ! "; : c b . s H ;
05 Z k( 9 qP ; , C 5D ( A -( d(7; ; # D /( B 2 /( -( d(7; ; # D (
@ A ( f G
5( t (U;
Rvwei (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†Zvgiv wb‡R‡ì Rb¨ e`‡`vÔAv K‡iv
bv| wb‡R‡ì †Q‡j‡g‡qi Rb¨ e`‡`vÔAv K‡iv bv Ges wb‡R‡ì A_©-m¤ú‡ì
e¨vcv‡i e`‡`vÔAv K‡iv bv| KviY Zv Keyj n‡q hvqÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2229; evsjv
wgkKvZ nv/2125)| G nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj †h, †h †Kvb mgm¨vi Kvi‡Y wb‡Ri aŸsm
Kvgbv Kiv Rv‡qh bq| †Q‡j‡g‡q‡ì Ab¨v‡qi Kvi‡Y Zv‡ì Rb¨ e`‡`vÔAv
KivI Rv‡qh bq| †Kvb mgm¨vi gy‡LvgywL n‡q A_©-m¤ú‡ì aŸsm Kvgbv Kiv
Rv‡qh bq| KviY †Kvb mgq †`vÔAv Keyj n‡q hvq, Zv ejv hvq bv|
3 t: ;#L 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . Z( O( Z( O( ! "; : c b
. s i
$ "L ;
@X 2 < &
byÔgvb Beby evkxi (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†`vÔAv
n‡”Q g~jZt Bev`ZÕ (bvmvC, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, wgkKvZ nv/2230; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2126)|
# C& 9 /( 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O /( (O 1 * . # I & #s , c -( X( 9 3 c -( ;
3 B( ( q "A > 0 7(; p
([ q $ > 0 i
( q A( ^(7$ & 0 F ( B M& 9 _Y O(
@ # "; $ 5 :
†K eo jvfevb 39
Avey ûivqivn I Avey mvC` Lyìx (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h †Kvb
gvbe `j Avj−vni whwKi Ki‡Z e‡m ZLb Avj−vni wdwikZvMY Zv‡ì wN‡i
iv‡Lb| Zuvi ingZ Zv‡ì †X‡K †d‡j Ges Zv‡ì Dci kvwš— ewl©Z nq| Avj−vn
Zuvi wbKUZg wdwikZv‡ì mvg‡b Zv‡ì whwK‡ii welqwU Av‡jvPbv K‡ibÕ
(gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2261; evsjv wgkKvZ nv 2151)| G nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj †h, hviv
Avj−vni whwKi K‡i Zv‡ì‡K wdwikZvMY wN‡i _v‡Kb| Avj−vni ingZ Zv‡ì‡K
†X‡K iv‡L| Avj−vn Zuvi m¤§vwbZ wdwikZvM‡Yi mvg‡b whwKiKvix‡ì gvb-
gh©v`vi Av‡jvPbv K‡ib|
# "; -( d(D : Z C 9 7, ! 7(; : d7e
cL <"> Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
& c & c 5 ! D B( ( Q! & c 5 c B( ( & g5( c B( ( ( ! -( Qc 1 # <; * (
@ 0 " s ` gs7( c 5 ! D B( ( Qs c 5 c B( (
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvj−vn ZvÔAvjv e‡jb, Avwg
Avgvi ev›`vi wbK‡U †miƒc †hiƒc †m Avgv‡K fv‡e| Avwg Zvi mv‡_ _vwK hLb
†m Avgv‡K ¯§iY K‡i| hw` †m Avgv‡K g‡b g‡b ¯§iY K‡i, AvwgI Zv‡K Avgvi
g‡b g‡b ¯§iY Kwi| Avi hw` †m Avgv‡K Rbmgv‡R ¯§iY K‡i, AvwgI Zv‡K
Zv‡ì †P‡q DËg e¨w³‡ì gv‡S ¯§iY KwiÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2264; evsjv
wgkKvZ nv/2157)| G nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj †h, Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv e‡jb, ev›`v Avgvi
Kv‡Q †hgb Avkv K‡i Avwg Zvi Avkv †Zgb c~iY K‡i _vwK| ev›`v †hgb Avgv‡K
Wv‡K, Avwg †Zgb Zvi Wv‡K mvov †`B| Avwg ev›`vi wek¦v‡mi AbyK‚‡j AvPiY
K‡i _vwK|
~ . <D : Z C 9 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . .n ( c -( ;
-( 07m& qs )(*, t: [G
5( q )(*> tF H # 9V -( 0(m -( i ; ! 7(5( q " % & tF H d(D
=; ! " p > C( D =;. c "* j > C( D =;. ! " p > C( D =< c "* j > C( D & -(
P) c ~ i 9 ( > r qP )( U ` }
. k(& j C c "C ( qP ( 3 ! D-( c i $ 9 c D-(
@XP 07m&$ ! C (
Avey hvi wMdvix (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvj−vn ZvÔAvjv e‡jb, †h
e¨w³ Avgvi wbKU GKwU fvj KvR wb‡q Dcw¯’Z n‡e Zvi Rb¨ Zvi `k¸Y
40 †K eo jvfevb
cyi¯‹vi i‡q‡Q| Avwg Zvi †P‡qI †ekx wè| Avi †h GKwU g›` KvR wb‡q
Dcw¯’Z n‡e Zvi cÖwZdj Zvi Abyiƒc GK¸Y i‡q‡Q| A_ev Avwg gvd K‡i wè|
†h Avgvi GK weNZ wbK‡U Av‡m Avwg Zvi GK nvZ wbK‡U hvB| Avi †h Avgvi
GK nvZ wbK‡U Av‡m, Avwg Zvi GK evg wbK‡U nB| Avi †h Avgvi wbKU †nu‡U
Av‡m, Avwg Zvi wbKU †ùŠwo‡q hvB Ges Avgvi wbKU c„w_ex c~Y© ¸bvn wb‡q Av‡m
Avgvi mv‡_ KvD‡K kixK bv K‡i Avwg Zvi mv‡_ mv¶vr Kwi H cwigvY ¶gv
wb‡qÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2265)| Avj−vn cÖ‡Z¨KwU fvj KvR‡K Zvi `k¸‡YiI †ekx
K‡ib| gvbyl hZUzKz Avj−vni wbK‡U n‡Z Pvq Avj−vn Zvi wØ¸Y wbK‡U nb| gvbyl
†h MwZ‡Z Avj−vni wbK‡U hvq, Avj−vn Zvi †P‡q A‡bK †ekx MwZ‡Z gvby‡li
wbK‡U hvb| kixK Qvov †h †Kvb ¸bvn Avj−vn ¶gv K‡i w`‡eb| gvbyl ¶gv PvB‡j
Avj−vn ¶gv Ki‡eb| Avj−vn ¶gv Kivi Rb¨ A‡c¶gvb|
Z( (O F 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
p b 5& >$ c> ( f > -( ts c i 1 # <; c> ( j > C( D j % & ! ( N # C( 5( c 2;
1 M ! $ , p "A 5( ! << -( (g5( ! <> - d> 6 5"> c> ( j > C( 9 1 # <; Z [9 ! 7(;
c "(k(, & 0 c i $ 9 c ! 7(H . 0 U <9 c # 9 ! S <9 1 M S
! T $ 9
u & ; 1 2 2L D ! 7; (5 -( ts c ; ' 2 2> D ! >M( ;k( c ( , )( ! ">U ; k(
@! " ! (#> /( ! DtF B& -( -( ' $ & A& 9 ] $ &
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvj−vn ZvÔAvjv e‡jb, †h Avgvi
†Kvb †`v¯—‡K `ykgb fv‡e Avwg Zvi mv‡_ hy× †NvlYv Kwi| Avgvi ev›`v Avgvi
ˆbKU¨ jvf Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv Ggb †Kvb wRwbm Øviv hv Avgvi wbKU wcÖqZi n‡Z
cv‡i| Avwg hv Zvi cÖwZ dih K‡iwQ Zv A‡c¶v Ges Avgvi ev›`v me©`v Avgvi
ˆbKU¨ jv‡fi †Póv Ki‡Z _v‡K bdj Bev`‡Zi gva¨‡g| Ae‡k‡l Avwg Zv‡K
fvjevwm| Avi Avwg hLb Zv‡K fvjevwm Avwg Zvi Kvb n‡q hvB, hv Øviv †m
ï‡b, Avwg Zvi †PvL n‡h hvB, hv Øviv †m †`‡L| Avwg Zvi nvZ n‡q hvB hv Øviv
†m a‡i Ges Avwg Zvi cv n‡q hvB hv Øviv †m P‡j Ges hLb †m Avgvi wbKU
wKQy Pvq Avwg Zv‡K Zv †`B| Avi Avwg hv Ki‡Z PvB, Zv Ki‡Z BZ¯—Zt Kwi
bv| Z‡e gywg‡bi AvÍv Keh Ki‡Z BZ¯—Zt Kwi| †m giY‡K Acm›` K‡i Avwg
Zv‡K Amš‘ó Ki‡Z Acm›` Kwi| wKš‘ giY Zvi Rb¨ Avek¨K| Z‡eB †m Avgvi
wbKU †cŠuQ‡Z cvi‡eÕ (eyLvix, wgkKvZ nv/2266; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2159)|
†K eo jvfevb 41
e¨vL¨v : Avj−vn ZvKIqvkxj gvby‡li Kvb, †PvL I nvZ-cv n‡q hvb| Gi A_© GB
bq †h, gvbyl Bev`Z ev whwKi Ki‡Z Ki‡Z Avj−vn n‡q hvq eis Zvi Kvb, †PvL
I nvZ-cv‡qi Kg© n‡Z _v‡K Avj−vni mš‘wó Abyhvqx| A_ev GmKj A½ Øviv †h
me Kj¨vYKi KvR Ki‡Z Pvq Avj−vn Zv mnR K‡i †`b| A_ev Ggb gvbyl me©`v
Avj−vni ing‡Zi g‡a¨ _v‡K| cÖ‡Z¨K gymjgv‡bi Rb¨ KZ©e¨ bdj Bev`Z I
whwKi K‡i Zvi Kvb, †PvL I nvZ-cv n‡q we‡kl mš‘wó AR©b Kiv|
~ . <D ! 7 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
# O( Y B& ! 5 = 7G # H (g5( B& MJ u G ( <>9 4 P8 5 XP . >, qP A( ^(7 d(D
(g5( #L t $> 0 " )7($ 9 d> 0 % "H k( =8 0 8 z > 0
9-( 0 7(; -( 3 6 H [> ; : 0 k( 5( Z( (O t $> d( # e H ; O> ( D
? 77J0 9 ? <*A( 9 ? % <* 9 } . k(& c5 ? ( 2s <; # "; ")&H ( C 5( )&H
c ">H -(. 6& 3 Z( (O ? ">H ? k( 9 (O c k( 9 ( Z( (O ? k( 9 ? # $ % 9
c "G 9 > Z( (O ? G
9 (O c ">H -(. ( z A( 5( Z( (O j * . 1 -( ( (O
(O 1 . -(. ( z A( 5( Z( (O ( (O 1 . -(. 6& 3 Z( (O j * . 9 ~ . (O
. G, >$ 0 D H -( k(, 0 U( ; k(5( 0 ( ' ( ( # O( Z C 5( Z( (O ? 9
' ( ( ! ( Z C 5( Z( (O 0 u 7(G 5( > $> t U` #Y <; W 4 ( 5 0 5 j * . ( C 5( Z( (O
@ 0 7H 0 d(Ci 9 /( _ C( & 3
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv AwZwi³ GK`j
ch©UK †d‡ikZv i‡q‡Q, hviv whwK‡ii gRwjm A‡š^lY K‡i †eovb| hLb Ggb
†Kvb gRwjm cvb hv‡Z Avj−vni whwKi n‡”Q Zviv Zv‡ì mv‡_ e‡m hvb Ges G‡K
A‡bï mv‡_ cvLv wgwj‡q whwKiKvix‡ì cvk n‡Z GB cÖ_g Avmgvb ch©š— mg¯—
¯’vb‡K wN‡i †bb| hLb whwKiKvixMY gRwjm Z¨vM K‡i ZLb wew¶ß n‡q c‡o
wdwikZvMY AvKv‡ki w`‡K AZtci Av‡iv Dc‡i D‡V hvb| ivm~jyj−vn Qvt) e‡jb,
ZLb Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv Zv‡ì‡K wR‡Ám K‡ib, A_P wZwb Zv‡ì e¨vcv‡i me©vwaK
AeMZ| †Zvgiv †Kv_v n‡Z Avm‡j? Zviv e‡jb, Avgiv Avcbvi Ggb ev›`v‡ì
wbKU n‡Z Avmjvg hviv hgx‡b Av‡Q Ges Avcbvi cweÎZv eY©bv Ki‡Q, gnË¡ I
42 †K eo jvfevb
GKZ¡Zv †NvlYv Ki‡Q, Avcbvi cÖksmv Ki‡Q I Avcbvi wbKU cÖv_©bv Ki‡Q|
ZLb Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv wR‡Ám K‡ib Zviv Avgvi wbKU wK cÖv_©bv Ki‡Q?
wdwikZvMY e‡jb, Avcbvi RvbœvZ cÖv_©bv Ki‡Q| ZLb Avj−vn e‡jb, Zviv wK
Avgvi RvbœvZ †`‡L‡Q? Zviv e‡jb, bv †n Avgv‡ì cÖwZcvjK! ZLb Avj−vn
e‡jb, †Kgb nZ hw` Zviv Avgvi RvbœvZ †`LZ? AZtci wdwikZvMY e‡jb,
Zviv Avcbvi wbKU Avkªq Pv‡”Q| ZLb Avj−vn wR‡Ám K‡ib, †Kvb wRwbm n‡Z
cwiÎvY Pv‡”Q? Zviv e‡jb, Avcbvi Rvnvbœvg †_‡K| ZLb wZwb wR‡Ám K‡ib,
Zviv wK Avgvi Rvnvbœvg †`‡L‡Q? Zviv e‡jb, bv †n Avgv‡ì cÖwZcvjK! ZLb
wZwb wR‡Ám K‡ib, †Kgb nZ hw` Zviv Avgvi Rvnvbœvg †`LZ? AZtci Zviv
e‡jb, Zviv Avcbvi wbKU ¶gvI Pv‡”Q| ivm~j (Qvt) e‡jb, ZLb Avj−vn e‡jb,
Avwg Zv‡ì ¶gv K‡i w`jvg Ges Zviv Avgvi wbKU hv Pvq ZvI w`jvg| Avi hv
n‡Z cwiÎvY Pvq Zv n‡Z cwiÎvY w`jvg| ivm~j (Qvt) e‡jb, ZLb wdwikZvMY
e‡jb, †n Avgv‡ì cÖwZcvjK! Zv‡ì g‡a¨ AgyK †Zv AZ¨š— ¸bvnMvi ev›`v, †m
c_ w`‡q hvw”Qj| Avi Zv‡ì mv‡_ e‡m †M‡Q| ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb, ZLb Avj−vn
e‡jb, Avwg Zv‡KI ¶gv K‡i w`jvg| Zviv Ggb `j hv‡ì mv_x nZfvM¨ nq bvÕ
(gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2267; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2160)|
G nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj †h, hviv whwKi K‡i Zv‡ì mv‡_ AwZwi³ ch©UK
wdwikZv _v‡Kb| whwKiKvix‡ì‡K Avj−vn ¶gv K‡ib, Zv‡ì‡K Rvnvbœvg †_‡K
gyw³ †`b| Zviv `ywbqv‡Z hv Pvq Avj−vn Zv `vb K‡ib|
Y B f
Y 7& O( Y B ( W ! 78
5& -( Z( (C5( M( I
>"5( Y ` Z $& 1L -( "$ 7; ( Z( (O ( r( ;
@! $9 d(7; ! " D qW " ] qW H V
QvIevb (ivt) e‡jb, Avgiv hw` Rvb‡Z cviZvg †Kvb m¤ú` DËg Z‡e Zv mÂq
KiZvg| ZLb ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb, Ô†Zvgv‡ì Kv‡iv †kªô m¤ú` nj Avj−vn‡K
¯§iYKvix wRnŸv, K…ZÁZv ¯^xKviKvix Aš—i Ges Cgvb`vi ¯¿x| †h Zvi ¯^vgx‡K
Zvi Cgv‡bi e¨vcv‡i mvnvh¨ K‡iÕ (Beby gvRvn, nv`xQ Qnxn, wgkKvZ nv/2277; evsjv wgkKvZ
nv/2170)|
G nv`xQ Øviv eySv hvq †h, H wRnŸv me‡P‡q †kªô m¤ú` †h wRnŸv me©`v Avj−vn‡K
¯§iY Ki‡Z cv‡i| Zvmexn-Zvnjxj, whKi-AvhKv‡i e¨¯— _v‡K|
†K eo jvfevb 43
[> ; F Z( (O 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
@ ( c p
B( > %
D c B( ( 3 ( 1
# <; T -( Z C 9 6 H
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvj−vn ZvÔAvjv e‡jb, Avwg
Avgvi ev›`vi mv‡_ _vwK, hLb †m Avgvi whwKi K‡i Ges Avgvi Z‡i Zvi `yÕIô
b‡oÕ (eyLvix, wgkKvZ nv/2285; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2177)| nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj †h, hviv
Avj−vni whwKi K‡i Avj−vn Zv‡ì mv‡_ _v‡Kb| A_©vr Zvi mvnvh¨, `qv I ingZ
me©`v Zvi Dci ewl©Z n‡Z _v‡K|
Wvb Kv‡Z ï‡q wb‡gœv³ †`vÔAv c‡o Nygš—
e¨w³
Nygv‡bvi mybœZ n‡”Q Wvb Kv‡Z kh¨v MÖnY Kiv| wb‡gœi †`vÔAv c‡o Nywg‡q †M‡j
Ges Nyg Ae¯’vq gviv †M‡j, Cgvb Ae¯’vq gviv hv‡e| Avi Nyg †_‡K †R‡M DV‡j
Kj¨vY mn DV‡e|
-( ( 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . ( (B Z( (O ! "; : c b . j s V ; t <& ;
c 0 H p 0 H> ? ( c & p $ 7(, -( > 0 7 Z( (O > r $ 9k(& ! CJ d(7; _ ! 5 d(
G" ( k(G
7& ( ? ( qP <3 . qP <& . ?
( 1 0 ( ' k& G
&-( ? ( 1
-( p
b > 5( ? (
d7e Z , . Z( (O p 7& , . -( 1 M ? *<" p &[ -( 1
M ? A p " N ? ( ? "
p
<e -( p % <e -( & X U& & d(7; ' ! 7(( p % D ' > r > 0 ((O 7, ! 7(; :
@=`
eviv Beby Avwhe (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) ÔhLb kh¨vq Avkªq wb‡Zb Wvb cv‡k¦©i
Dci ïB‡Zb| AZtci ej‡Zb, Avj−vn Avwg wb‡R‡K †Zvgvi wbKU mgc©Y
Kijvg| †Zvgvi w`‡K gyL wdivjvg, Avgvi KvR †Zvgvi wbKU b¨¯— Kijvg Ges
†Zvgiv mvnv‡hï cÖwZ Avwg fimv Kijvg ¯^vMÖ‡n I f‡q| †Zvgvi wbKU Qvov
†Zvgv n‡Z Avkªq cvIqvi I gyw³ cvIqvi †Kvb ¯’vb †bB| Avwg †Zvgvi H
wKZve‡K wek¦vm Kwi hv, Zzwg AeZxY© K‡iQ| †Zvgvi bex‡K wek¦vm Kwi hv‡K Zzwg
ivm~j wnvmv‡e †cÖiY K‡iQ| AZtci ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb, †h GB †`vÔAv kh¨v
MÖn‡Yi mgq ej‡e Ges iv‡Z gviv hv‡e †m Bmjv‡gi Dci GKZ¡ev‡ì wfwË‡Z
44 †K eo jvfevb
Cgvb`vi n‡q gviv hv‡e| Ab¨ eY©bvq i‡q‡Q ivm~j (Qvt) eviv Beby Avwhe (ivt)
†K ej‡jb, hw` Zzwg †mB iv‡ZB gviv hvI Zzwg Bmjv‡gi Dci gi‡e| Avi hw`
Zzwg †fv‡i DV, Z‡e Kj¨v‡Yi mv‡_ DV‡e (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2385; evsjv wgkKvZ
nv/2274)| nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj †h, AÎ †`vÔAv c‡o kh¨v MÖnY Ki‡j wb‡Ri me
wKQy‡K Avj−vni wbKU mgc©Y Kiv nq| cÖv_©bv I Avkª‡qi ¯’j GKgvÎ Avj−vni
wbK‡U n‡q hvq| KziAvb I bexi cÖwZ `„pfv‡e ¯^xKv‡ivw³ †ck Kiv nq| Ggb
†jvK iv‡Z Nyg †_‡K RvM‡j Kj¨vY wb‡q RvM‡e| Kv‡RB Avgv‡ì Rxe‡b kh¨v
MÖn‡Yi mgq AÎ †`vÔAv c‡o Nygv‡bvi Af¨vm Kiv GKvš— hiƒix| Avj−vn
Avgv‡ì‡K ZvIdxK `vb Ki“b-Avgxb!
KziAvb †ZjvIqvKvix
eo jvfevb nIqvi Ab¨Zg gva¨g KziAvb †ZjvIqvZ Kiv| KziAvb †ZjvIqvZ
Ki‡j Avj−vni ingZ I kvwš— ewl©Z nq| kqZv‡bi cÖwZwµqv _v‡K bv| KziAvb
†ZjvIqvZ Ki‡j Avj−vn i“hx‡Z eiKZ †`b| †ZjvIqvZKvixi c‡¶ KziAvb
wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b mycvwik Ki‡e|
c5 % 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . ` Z( (O ! "; : c b . s ; q( <C& ; ;
O(" ! " c Dk& 5( E C & d( -( ( %U& d( _s 9 6 B # 9 & -( f L % 9 A 9L-( Z( (C5( q S
L
# 9 4 ( 5(-( Z( (O ? ( f L % Z( , . 9 "7& C 5( s . T U& O( ( s r& ( c 5 9 B(
O( ! ( Y ` 6 H [> ; j B 9N - C& 9 -( 7 5( # G
$ & d( B # -(
@6 g& > 3 2 #; -( Ts . -( ! ( Y ` TY . -( {
s (7r( ! ( Y ` {W (7r(
IKev Beby Av‡gi (ivt) e‡jb, Avgiv gmwR‡ì wcQ‡b †ei n‡q GKwU ¯’v‡b
Dcweó wQjvg| Ggb mgq ivm~j (Qvt) †ei n‡q Avm‡jb Ges ej‡jb, †Zvgv‡ì
g‡a¨ †K Pvq †h, †m cÖZ¨n mKv‡j eyZnvb A_ev AvKxK bvgK evRv‡i hv‡e Avi
eo Kzu‡Ri AwaKvix `yÕwU DUbx wb‡q Avm‡e, †Kvb Aciva bv K‡i I AvÍxqZvi
eÜb wQbœ bv K‡i? Avgiv ejjvg, †n Avj−vni ivm~j (Qvt)! Avgiv Ggb my‡hvM
cÖ‡Z¨‡KB MÖnY Ki‡Z PvB| ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb, Z‡e †Kb †Zvgv‡ì †Kvb e¨w³
gmwR‡` wM‡q `yÕwU AvqvZ wk¶v †`q bv ev wk¶v MÖnY K‡i bv, A_P GKvR Zvi
Rb¨ `yÕwU DUbx A‡c¶v DËg? wZb AvqvZ wZbwU DUbx A‡c¶v DËg Ges Pvi
†K eo jvfevb 45
AvqvZ PviwU DUbx A‡c¶v DËg| †gvUK_v hZ AvqvZ co‡e ev cov‡e ZZ DUbx
A‡c¶v DËg n‡eÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2110; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2008)|
G nv`xQ Øviv eySv hvq †h, GKwU eo `vgx DUbx `vb K‡i hZ †bKx cvIqv hv‡e,
KziAv‡bi GKwU AvqvZ gmwR‡` wM‡q co‡j ev cov‡j Zvi †P‡q AwaK †bKx
cvIqv hv‡e| Gfv‡e hZ AvqvZ co‡e ev cov‡e ZZ DUbx A‡c¶v †ekx †bKx
cvIqv hv‡e|
B # -( f
L % 9-( 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
's 9N { 4 ( m(5( Z( (O "7& O s $, _s (K; '
s (7` {( 4 ( r( ! 5 # G 9 & -( ! 73 -( d( T H . (
@s $, _s (K; ' s (7` { 4
( r( ! ( Y ` ! D4
(e c 5 B # -( > 0 - C& 9
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, GK`v ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb, Ô†Zvgv‡ì †KD wK GUv
fvjevm‡e †h, †m hLb evox wd‡i Avm‡e, ZLb †m wZbwU üócyó eo KzuR wewkó
Mf©avwiYx DUbx cv‡e? Avgiv ejjvg, wbðqB| wZwb ej‡jb, g‡b †i‡Lv, wZbwU
AvqvZ hv †Zvgv‡ì †KD Zvi Qvjv‡Z c‡o Zv Zvi Rb¨ Gai‡bi wZbwU DUbx
A‡c¶v DËgÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2111; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2009)| G nv`xQ Øviv cÖZxqgvb
nq †h, Qvjv‡Zi g‡a¨ me©wbæ wZbwU AvqvZ co‡jI Zv‡K eo `vgx wZbwU DUbx
`vb Kivi mgvb †bKx †Ìqv n‡e|
T NC & 3 $& 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O p ((O 0 "; : c b . q( i ^; ;
@ H -( ! ( h ! 7(; 3 ! 5 T 9 C& 9 1
M X . <& _ A & X ( >
Av‡qkv (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔKziAvb cv‡V `¶ e¨w³ m¤§vwbZ
†jLK wdwikZv‡ì mv‡_ _vK‡eb| Avi †h KziAvb c‡o wKš‘ AvUKvq Ges
KziAvb cov Zvi c‡¶ Lye Kó`vqK nq Zvi Rb¨ `yB¸Y †bKx i‡q‡QÕ (eyLvix,
gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2112; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2010)| G nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, hviv A_©
mnKv‡i my›ì D”Pvi‡Y `¶Zvi mv‡_ KziAvb co‡Z cv‡i Ges wbqwgZ c‡o Zviv
Rvbœv‡Z m‡e©v”P Avm‡bi AwaKvix n‡e| Avi hviv my›ì K‡i KziAvb co‡Z cv‡i
bv, co‡j AvU‡K hvq Ges cov Lye KóKi nq Zv‡ì Rb¨ Wej †bKx i‡q‡Q|
46 †K eo jvfevb
F 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . Z( O( Z( O( ! "; : c b . j UI & $ ; ;
@ 9 ` N ! T 8
9 =O& -( j
A & (M0 T 5( 9
Igi (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔGB KziAv‡bi gva¨‡g Avj−vn †Kvb †Kvb
RvwZ‡K DbœZ K‡ib Ges Ab¨‡ì AebZ K‡ibÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2115; evsjv
wgkKvZ nv/2013)|
G nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, GKgvÎ KziAv‡bi gva¨‡g gvbyl BnKvj I ciKv‡j
gh©v`v jvf Ki‡Z cv‡i| Avi KziAvb †ZjvIqvZ bv Ki‡j gvbyl Dfq Rxe‡b n‡e
jvwÃZ|
! <H d( z 0 A( & X( . , - C& 9 6W H . ( (B Z( (O ! "; : c b . j s V ; t <& ;
>$7(5( "9 ! , 5( 6( H # D # D p 7( G
5( qW %, ! i > 5( "U( i
W W S
p
([> "D q "A > ? 7& D Z( (C5( ! ( ? ( B( M( 5( 7, ! 7(; : d7e c> <"> dD-( R <e -(
@ NC &
eviv Beby Avwhe (ivt) e‡jb, GKe¨w³ m~iv Kvnd cowQj Ges Zvi Kv‡Q Zvi
†Nvov iwk Øviv euvav wQj| Gmgq GK LÊ †gN Zv‡K †X‡K wbj Ges Zvi AwZ
wbKUZi n‡Z jvMj| Avi Zvi †Nvov jvdv‡Z jvMj| †m hLb mKv‡j bex Kixg
(Qvt)-Gi wbKU G‡m NUbv eY©bv Kij| ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb, Zv wQj Avj−vni
ingZ I kvwš—, hv KziAvb †ZjvIqv‡Zi Kvi‡Y †b‡g G‡mwQj| Ab¨ eY©bvq
G‡m‡Q,
'
-& O( ( ?
D S
p
2 q A( ^4
( $ & ?
7& D 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O qs 9. c 5
@ 0 " .D ( 0( v
>" K "9 p
%
<e
k((
ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb, ÔZviv wQj wdwikZv| †Zvgvi KziAvb †ZjvIqv‡Zi kã ï‡b
wbKUZi n‡qwQj| Zzwg hw` co‡Z _vK‡Z Zviv mKvj ch©š— Z_vq †_‡K †hZ
Ges gvbyl Zv‡ì †`L‡Z †cZ, Zviv gvby‡li `„wó †_‡K jyKv‡Z cviZ bvÕ (eyLvix,
gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2116-2117; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2014-2015)| G nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj †h,
KziAvb †ZjvIqvZ Ki‡j Avj−vni ingZ I kvwš— bvwhj nq| wdwikZviv KziAvb
ïbvi Rb¨ `j †eu‡a †b‡g Av‡mb|
†K eo jvfevb 47
7 G
D ( Z( (O 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( O( Z( O( ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
@X C( <& X . , ! 5 - C& D 1
M p
<& "9 ( (Ui
> (C A D
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†Zvgv‡ì Ni mg~n‡K Kei¯’v‡b
cwiYZ Ki bv| wbtm‡›`‡n kqZvb †mB Ni n‡Z cjvqb K‡i †h N‡i m~iv evK¡vivn
†ZjvIqvZ Kiv nqÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2119; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2017)| AÎ nv`xQ Øviv
eySv †Mj †h, †h N‡i KziAvb †ZjvIqvZ Kiv nq bv †m Ni Kei¯’v‡bi b¨vq| †h
N‡i KziAvb †ZjvIqv Kiv nq †m Ni n‡Z kqZvb cvwj‡q hvq|
Z C 9 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z( , . p $ , Z( (O ! "; : c b . c* 73 <& q( - c -( ;
Z N X( . , X( C( <& 9 3 [> :t O& ! %e k( = q C & _ 9 c Dk& 9 ! >g5( ( NC & t: O&
(O 5 $0 >k(B( -( 9( $0 >k(B( -( $( $0 >k(B( q C & _ 9 Dk& D $0 >g5( ( $ ;
0B( D qW B( 3M( ` -( g5( X C( <& X( . , t: O& $0 %e
-( ; >H%D x > e s y(
@q 7(U( <& 0 U D ( XW
Avey Dgvgv (ivt) e‡jb, Avwg bex Kixg (Qvt)-†K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ, Ô†Zvgiv KziAvb
†ZjvIqvZ Ki| †Kbbv KziAvb wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b †ZjvIqvZKvixi Rb¨ mycvwik
Ki‡Z Avm‡e| †Zvgiv `yB D¾¡j m~iv evK¡vivn I Av‡j Bgivb †ZjvIqvZ Ki|
†Kbbv wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b m~iv `yÕwU `yBwU †gNLÊ A_ev `yBwU mvwgqvbv A_ev `yÕwU
cvLv cÖmvwiZ cvwLi SuvKiƒ‡c Avm‡e Ges cvVK‡ì c‡¶ Avj−vni mvg‡b †Rvivj
`vex Rvbv‡e| we‡klfv‡e †Zvgiv m~iv evK¡vivn co| KviY m~iv evK¡vivn covi
wewbgq n‡”Q eiKZ Avi bv covi cwiYvg n‡”Q Av‡¶c| Ajm e¨w³ivB G m~iv
co‡Z A¶gÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2120)| AÎ nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, KziAvb
wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b Avj−vni wbKU †ZjvIqvZKvixi Rb¨ mycvwik Ki‡e| m~iv evK¡vivn
I m~iv Av‡j Bgivb wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b †gNL‡Êi b¨vq Qvqv n‡q _vK‡e| m~iv `yÕwU
cvVK‡K Rvbœv‡Z †`qvi Rb¨ Avj−vni wbKU †Rvivj `vex Ki‡e| m~iv evK¡vivn
†ZjvIqvZ Ki‡j A_© m¤ú‡` eiKZ n‡e| Avi Ajm e¨w³iv G m~iv co‡Z Pvq
bv|
{_ LC( & cL %
& 3 / ! ( /( : } 0> -( c* , A & q( 9N -& O& (5 ?
5 d( p 9 -( (
QR<S D d> W (U ? C& 9 /( QW¡5 ? 7(; Z( [9 ( ! >g(5 q( 9a& I
D d>
48 †K eo jvfevb
Ae‡k‡l wZwb ej‡jb, Zzwg hLb kh¨v MÖnY Ki‡e ZLb ÔAvqvZzj KzimxÕ co‡e
ÒAvj−vû jv Bjvnv Bj−vûqv Iqvj nvBqy¨j KvBqy¨gÓ Avqv‡Zi †kl ch©š—| Zvn‡j
Avj−vni c¶ †_‡K me©`v †Zvgvi Rb¨ GKRb i¶K _vK‡e Ges mKvj ch©š—
kqZvb †Zvgvi wbK‡U Avm‡Z cvi‡e bvÕ (eyLvix, wgkKvZ nv/2113; esjv wgkKvZ
nv/2021)|
AvqvZzj Kzimx GK e¨wZµg AvqvZ| KziAv‡bi me‡P‡q gh©v`v m¤úbœ AvqvZ n‡”Q
AvqvZzj Kzimx| kh¨v MÖn‡Yi mgq GUv †ZjvIqvZ Ki‡j mKvj ch©š— kqZvb
†Kvb ¶wZ Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| †h †Kvb Qvjv‡Z mvjv‡gi ci AvqvZzj Kzimx co‡j
†m e¨w³ g„ZzëiY Kiv gvÎB Rvbœv‡Z hv‡e|
7, ! 7(; : d7e c* <"> # "; #Y ; (O 6 9 <H $" Z( (O ! "; : c b . v s ><; ;
l O( R & 9 ( _ & R 5 t $> j Y (M3 Z( (C5( ! , -&. T 5( 5( ! O 5( =8C T $ ,
Z( (O 7 5( _ & l O( Z& [ "9 ( }
. k(& d( Z( [ ? Y 7( (M3 Z( (C5( ? Y 7( ! " Z( [ "5( _ &
-( C& D ( X C( <& X . , D` j
A & q % D(5 ? 7(<O( c < $0 D] 9 ( $0 D- 9. " i
-(
@! U ; - $0 " x s %
Beby AveŸvm (ivt) e‡jb, GK mgq wReivCj (Avt) bex Kixg (Qvt)-Gi wbKU
Dcweó wQ‡jb, Ggb mgq Dci w`K n‡Z GKwU ìRv †Lvjvi kã ïb‡jb| wZwb
Dci w`‡K gv_v DVv‡jb Ges ej‡jb, Avmgv‡bi GB †h ìRvwU AvR †Lvjv nj,
GB ìRv Gw`‡bi c~‡e© Avi †Kvb w`b †Lvjv nqwb| ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb, †m
ìRv n‡Z GKRb wdwikZv hgx‡b bvg‡jb| ZLb wReivCj ej‡jb, GB †h,
wdwikZv hgx‡b bvg‡jb, wZwb Gw`b Qvov BwZc~‡e© †Kvb w`b hgx‡b bv‡gbwb|
wZwb ivm~j (Qvt)-†K mvjvg Ki‡jb| AZtci ej‡jb, `yÕwU b~‡ii †R¨vwZi
mymsev` MÖnY Ki“b, hv Avcbv‡K †`qv n‡q‡Q Ges Avcbvi c~‡e© †Kvb bex‡K
†`qv nqwb-m~iv dvwZnv I m~iv evK¡vivi †klvsk| Avcwb Zvi †h †Kvb A¶i ev
evK¨ cvV Ki“b bv †Kb wbðqB Avcbv‡K Zv †`qv n‡eÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2124;
nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj, AÎ AvqvZ¸wj c~‡e©i †Kvb bex‡K †`qv nqwb| GB
AvqvZ¸wj AvKv‡ki we‡kl GK ìRv w`‡q AeZxY© Kiv n‡q‡Q, hv c~‡e© †Kvbw`b
†K eo jvfevb 49
†Lvjv nqwb| AvqvZ¸wj Ggb GKRb wdwikZv wb‡q G‡mwQ‡jb, whwb c~‡e©
†Kvbw`b hgx‡b Av‡mbwb| AÎ AvqvZ¸wj c‡o hv PvIqv n‡e Avj−vn ZvB w`‡eb|
9 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . Z( (O :Z( (O ! "; : c b . 2s c -( ;
@ ( B( qP 7(( $3 -( O( QX C( <& X . , ` N
Avey gvmD` AvbQvix (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ôm~iv evK¡vivi †kl `yB
AvqvZ †h iv‡Z co‡e Zvi Rb¨ Zv h‡_ó n‡eÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2115; evsjv
wgkKvZ nv/2023)|
G nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj †h, †Kvb e¨w³ iv‡Z m~iv evKvivi †kl `yÕAvqvZ co‡e †m
kqZv‡bi ¶wZ n‡Z wbivc‡` _vK‡e| Avj−vn Zv‡K we‡kl ing‡Zi gva¨‡g
wbivc‡` ivL‡eb| Ab¨ GK eY©bvq i‡q‡Q, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, †h evox‡Z m~iv
evK¡vivi †kl `yÕAvqvZ cov n‡e †m evox‡Z kqZvb cÖ‡ek K‡i bvÕ|
i
; ¡
( 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . Z( O( Z( O( ! "; : c b . t 2. #> c-( ;
@Z >H#> q "5 S
; z
0 A( & X . , Z > -( '
s 9N
Avey `vi`v (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h e¨w³ m~iv Kvn‡di cÖ_g `k
AvqvZ gyL¯’ Ki‡e Zv‡K `v¾vj n‡Z wbivc‡` ivLv n‡eÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2126;
G nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, m~iv Kvn‡di cÖ_g `k AvqvZ gyL¯’ K‡i wbqwgZ
co‡j Zv‡K `v¾v‡ji †drbv n‡Z wbivc‡` ivLv n‡e|
B # -( [ G 9-( 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . Z( O( Z( O( !"; cb. t 2. #> c-( ;
Z # D #Y -( : 3 6& O Z( (O NC & w( 7r -& C& 9 z
B( (O NC & w
( 7r qs 7(( c 5 -( C& 9 & -(
@ NC & w ( 7r
Avey `vi`v (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†Zvgv‡ì †KD wK cÖwZ iv‡Z GK-
Z…Zxqvsk KziAvb co‡Z A¶g? QvnvexMY ej‡jb, wK K‡i cÖwZ iv‡Z GK-
Z…Zxqvsk KziAvb co‡e? wZwb ej‡jb, m~iv ÔKzj ûIqvj−vû Avnv`Õ (BLjvQ)
KziAv‡bi GK-Z…Zxqvs‡ki mgvbÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/212; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2025)|
50 †K eo jvfevb
e¨vL¨v : m~iv BLjvQ GZ gvb m¤úbœ m~iv hv GKevi co‡j GZ †bKx n‡e †h,
KziAv‡bi wZbfv‡Mi GKfvM co‡j hZ †bKx nq| A_©vr m~iv BLjvQ wZbevi
co‡j c~Y© KziAvb covi mgvb †bKx n‡e|
( (B qs 9> , d(7; 4 P H . w ( 7, ! 7(; : d7e c> <"> -( 0 "; : c b . q( i ^; ;
d7e c* <">7 ? ( B( ( H . >$7(5( #Y -( : 3 6& C I 5( 0 D4(e
c 5 ! %e k( - C& 9
-( $ > q ( e
0>k( Z( (C5( k( 5( ? ( T "S 9 ts c 1* k( 7, Z( (C5( 7, ! 7(; :
@! <L%
9 F -( <` -( 7, ! 7(; : d7e cL <"> Z( (C5( 0 -( O& -( & -( f L -
Av‡qkv (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z Av‡Q, GKevi bex Kixg (Qvt) GK e¨w³‡K GK
†mbv`‡ji †mbvcwZ K‡i cvVv‡jb| †m Zvi m½x‡ì QvjvZ Av`vq KivZ Ges
wKiAvZ †k‡l m~iv BLjvQ coZ| hLb Zviv g`xbvq wdi‡jb, bex Kixg (Qvt)-
Gi wbKU welqwU †ck Ki‡jb| ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb, †Zvgiv Zv‡K wR‡Ám Ki
†m wK Kvi‡Y Giƒc K‡i| Zviv Zv‡K wR‡Ám Kij| †m ejj, GB m~iv‡Z Avj−vni
¸Yvejx Av‡Q| Avi Avwg Avj−vni ¸Yvejx cvV Ki‡Z fvjevwm| ZLb bex Kixg
(Qvt) ej‡jb, †Zvgiv Zv‡K Rvwb‡q `vI †h, Avj−vn Zv‡K fvjev‡mbÕ (eyLvix,
gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2128; evsjv wgkKvZ nv2026)|
AÎ nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, cÖ‡Z¨K ivKAv‡Z wKivÔAvZ †k‡l m~iv BLjvQ
cov fvj| wKivAvZ †k‡l m~iv BLjvQ co‡j Avj−vn‡K fvjevmvi cÖgvY nh|
G‡Z Avj−vn Zv‡K fvjev‡mb| Avi G fvjevmvi cwiYvg RvbœvZ|
6& O} X( . L M 3 f
L - c * Z( ,. 9 : Z( (O 4
P H . Z( (O ! "; : c b
. u s -( ;
@q( ">
( ?
7(` 2 - 3 9> ~ <> :Z( (O {#Y -( : 3
Avbvm (ivt) e‡jb, GK`v GK e¨w³ ejj, †n Avj−vni ivm~j! Avwg GB m~iv ÔKzj
ûIqvj−vû Avnv`Õ fvjevwm| ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) ej‡jb, ÔZvi cÖwZ †Zvgvi fvjevmv
†Zvgv‡K Rvbœv‡Z †cuŠ‡Q †`‡eÕ (eyLvix nv/3130)| G nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj †h, gvbyl‡K
m~iv BLjv‡Qi cÖwZ we‡kl fvjevmv ivL‡Z n‡e| G m~iv‡K †h e¨w³ fvjevm‡e
Avj−vn Zv‡K fvjevm‡eb|
†K eo jvfevb 51
6 B ! 5 d( -( ( ( (B 7, ! 7(; : d7e c> <"> -( 0 "; : c b . q( i ^; ;
6& O E 7(( & j
* ; -( 6& O #Y -( : 3 6& O $0 5 -( C( 5( $0 5 w
( ( > r ! B( T $ H qs 7((
! 0 H ! , -&. d(7; $0 -# <9 # H (U, $0 R $ 9 > r v >" j * ; -(
@' s > { ( 4 ( r( ? ( 6 & 9 # H 6( <O& -(
Av‡qkv (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z, bex Kixg (Qvt) hLb cÖ‡Z¨K iv‡Z kh¨v MÖnY Ki‡Zb,
ZLb `yÕnv‡Zi Zvjy GKÎ Ki‡Zb| AZtci Zv‡Z m~iv BLjvQ, m~iv dvjvK I m~iv
bvm c‡o dzuK w`‡Zb| Zrci ¯^xq kix‡ii m¤¢eci A½mg~n gy‡Q †dj‡Zb| wZwb
gv_v I gyLgÊj n‡Z Avi¤¢ Ki‡Zb| Giƒc wZwb wZbevi Ki‡Zb (eyLvix, gymwjg,
wgkKvZ nv/2132)|
AÎ nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, weQvbvq †kvqvi mgq `yÕnvZ GKÎ K‡i m~iv
BLjvQ, m~iv dvjvK I m~iv bvm c‡o dzuK w`‡q kix‡ii hZ`~i m¤¢e nvZ Øviv gy‡Q
†d‡j Nygv‡bv mybœZ| Abyiƒc wZbevi Kiv mybœZ| Gfv‡e kh¨v MÖnY Ki‡j Avj−vn
Zvi Dci ingZ el©Y Ki‡eb Ges †m iv‡Z wbivc‡` _vK‡e|
Z (C9 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . s$ ; # <; ;
qs 9N ` N # "; ? ([ " g5( #L c5 6 D* D p
"B $B( 6& D*. E D. -& O& NC & f
S
@3 C& D
Ave`yj−vn Beby Avgi (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔwK¡qvg‡Zi w`b KziAvb
†ZjvIqvZKvix‡K ejv n‡e KziAvb †ZjvIqvZ Ki‡Z _vK Ges Dc‡i DV‡Z
_vK| A¶i A¶i I kã kã ¯úófv‡e cvV Ki‡Z _vK, †hfv‡e `ywbqv‡Z
¯úófv‡e cvV Ki‡ZwQ‡j| †Kbbv †Zvgvi Rb¨ Rvbœv‡Z emev‡mi ¯’vb n‡”Q
†Zvgvi †ZjIqv‡Zi †kl Avqv‡Zi wbKUÕ (Avngv`, nv`xQ Qvnxn, Avjevbx, wgkKvZ
e¨vL¨v : Ggb n‡Z cv‡i †h, Rvbœv‡Zi m‡ev©”P I gh©v`v m¤úbœ ¯’v‡b hvIqvi av‡ci
msL¨v KziAv‡bi Avqv‡Zi msL¨vi mgcwigvY| hviv ¯úófv‡e KziAvb †ZjvIqv‡Z
me©`v Af¨¯— Avj−vn Zv‡ì Rb¨ Rvbœv‡Z gvb wba©viY Ki‡eb Zv‡ì †ZjvIqvZ
†hLv‡b wM‡q †kl n‡e|
52 †K eo jvfevb
P5 -O( : 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . 2s ;
z
Y - : A QYx ¢- : Z O-( /( Q0(m - i q "
( QWq" ! 7(5( j B
@x Y Y QYx _Y /( QYx
Ave`yj−vn Beby gvmE` (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h e¨w³ KziAv‡bi
†Kvb GKwU A¶i cvV Ki‡e, Zvi Rb¨ †bKx i‡q‡Q| Avi †bKx n‡”Q Avg‡ji
`k¸Y| Avwg ejwQ bv †h Avwjd-jvg-gxg GKwU A¶i| eis Avwjd GKwU
A¶i, jvg GKwU A¶i Ges gxg GKwU A¶iÕ (wZiwghx nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, wgkKvZ
nv/2137; evsjv wgkKvZ nv 2034)|
G nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, Av`g mš—vb GKwU †bKx Ki‡j Avj−vn `qv K‡i
G‡Ki ¯’v‡b `kwU †bKx wj‡L w`‡eb| AZGe KziAv‡bi cÖwZ A¶‡i `k †bKx
cvIqv hv‡e| A_©vr Avwjd, jvg I gxg ej‡j wÎk †bKx cvIqv hv‡e|
{
( (7r( -( O( 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . Z( O( Z( O( ! "; : c b
. X( 9 3 c -( ;
@Z >H#> q "5 S ; z
0 A( & Z > -( '
s 9N
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h e¨w³ m~iv Kvn‡di cÖ_g wZb
AvqvZ co‡e Zv‡K `v¾v‡ji †dZbv n‡Z wbivc‡` ivLv n‡eÕ (wZiwghx, nv`xQ Qnxn,
wgkKvZ nv/2146)|
AÎ nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj †h, m~iv Kvn‡di cÖ_g wZb AvqvZ wbhwgZ co‡j, Zv‡K
`v¾v‡ji †dZbv n‡Z i¶v Kiv n‡e| D‡j−L¨ †h, m~iv Bqvmxb GKevi co‡j,
`kevi KziAvb covi mgvb †bKx †`qv nq g‡g© ewY©Z nv`xQwU wbZvš—B hCd|
XP . , 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( O( Z( O( ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
@? 7& $ & # 1
M ~ . <D c 3 ! ( d> 6s H p
( qP 9N ( r(7r( NC &
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔKziAv‡b wÎk
Avqv‡Zi GKwU m~jv Av‡Q, hv GK e¨w³i Rb¨ mycvwik K‡iwQj d‡j Zv‡K gvd
Kiv n‡q‡Q| †m m~ivwU n‡”Q ZvevivKvj−vhx weqvw`wnj gzjKÕ (Avngv`, nv`xQ Qnxn,
Avjevbx, wgkKvZ nv/2153; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2049)|
†K eo jvfevb 53
G nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj †h, AÎ m~ivi GK we‡kl gh©v`v i‡q‡Q| KviY m¤ú~Y©
KziAvb wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b †ZjvIqvZKvixi Rb¨ mycvwik Ki‡e| Avi G m~ivi
mycvwik Keyj Kiv n‡e| d‡j †ZjvIqvZKvixi Ke‡ii kvw¯— ¶gv Kiv n‡e|
6 9[ "D ¢ -( C& 9 d> _ "9 /( ( (B 7, ! 7(; : d7e
c> <"> -( ! "; : c b . s H ;
@? 7& $ & # 1
M ~ . <D
Rvwei (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, bex Kixg (Qvt) m~iv mvR`v Ges m~iv gyjK
bv c‡o Nygv‡bZb bv (kviûm mybœvn, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, wgkKvZ nv/2155; evsjv wgkKvZ nv
2051)|
( 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( O( /( O( $0 "; : c b . u s -( vs ><; ;
( 5(A& 09L-( 9 6& O NC & w
( 7r Z # D #Y -( : 3 6& O NC & z
S Z # D p
([ &V
@ NC & T . Z # D
Beby AveŸvm I Avbvm Beby gvwjK (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z Zuviv e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt)
e‡j‡Qb, Ôm~iv whjhvj KziAv‡bi A‡a©‡Ki mgvb, m~iv BLjvQ KziAv‡bi GK
Z…Zxqvs‡ki mgvb Ges m~iv KvwdiƒY GK PZz_©vs‡ki mgvbÕ (wZiwghx, wgkKvZ nv/2156;
G nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj †h, m~iv whjhvj `yÕevi co‡j c~Y© KziAvb covi mgvb
†bKx cvIqv hv‡e| m~iv BLjvQ wZbevi co‡j c~Y© KziAvb covi mgvb †bKx
cvIqv hv‡e| m~iv KvwdiƒY Pvievi co‡j c~Y© KziAvb covi mgvb †bKx cvIqv
hv‡e| cÖKvk _v‡K †h, whjhv‡ji AskUzKz hCd|
q ( %
G & 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . T , -( -( " Z( (O s ; q( <C& ; ;
> 9 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . 6( G 5( XW # 9# qW $ 7& RY 9. "i
( & t k(&
W * ( > D $5( $0 & > D q <C& ; 9 Z C 9 v
>" j * ; -( E 7(( & j
* ; k(
@$0 7m&$
IK¡ev Beby Avwgi (ivt) e‡jb, GK`v Avwg ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi mv‡_ Ryndv I
AveIqvi gaëZ©x GjvKvq PjwQjvg Ggb mgq Avgv‡ì‡K cÖej So I †Nvi
54 †K eo jvfevb
AÜKvi †X‡K †djj| ZLb ivm~j (Qvt) m~iv dvjvK I m~iv bvm Øviv Avj−vni
wbKU Avkªq cÖv_©bv Ki‡Z jvM‡jb Ges ej‡jb, †n IK¡ev! Zzwg GB m~ivØq Øviv
Avj−vni wbKU Avkªq cÖv_©bv Ki| KviY GB m~iv Ø‡qi gZ Avi †Kvb m~iv Øviv
†Kvb cÖv_©bvKvix Avkªq cÖv_©bv Ki‡Z cv‡i bvÕ (Avey`vE`, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, wgkKvZ
G nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj †h, So-SÅv wKsev †h †Kvb wec‡` c‡o Avkªq PvIqvi
me‡P‡q eo gva¨g m~iv dvjvK I bvm| wb‡RI Avkªq PvB‡e Ges m½x-mv_x I
cwievi-cwiRb‡K Avkªq PvIqvi Rb¨ ej‡e| Avkªq PvIqvi Rb¨ G m~ivØq hZ
eo gva¨g Avi †Kvb m~iv ev †Kvb AvqvZ GZ eo gva¨g bq|
f
7U& Xs # 9# qs $ 7& Xs U qs 7(( c 5 "H ` Z( (O ! "; : c b . f s <` # <; ;
: 3 6& O 6& O Z( (O Z O-( p 7& C 5( 6& O Z( (C5( "B& . 2 k(5( 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z( , .
@ts c 6J B ? A& D ' s > { ( (7r( c $ D R <S D D( * $ & #Y -(
Ave`yj−vn Beby Lyev‡qe (ivt) e‡jb, GKevi Avgiv So-e„wó I †Nvi AÜKviv”Qbœ
iv‡Z ivm~j (Qvt)-†K †LuvRvi D‡Ï‡k¨ †ei njvg Ges Zvu‡K †cjvg| ZLb wZwb
ej‡jb, co, Avwg ejjvg wK coe? wZwb ej‡jb, hLb Zzwg mKvj Ki‡e wZbevi
K‡i m~iv BLjvQ, m~iv dvjvK I m~iv bvm co‡e Ges hLb mÜ¨v Ki‡e ZLb
wZbevi K‡i GB m~iv¸wj co‡e| GB m~iv¸wj †h †Kvb wec`vc‡ì †gvKvwejvq
†Zvgvi Rb¨ h‡_ó n‡eÕ (wZiwghx, nv`xQ Qnxn, wgkKvZ nv/2163; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2059)|
G nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj †h, D³ m~iv¸wj mKvj-mÜ¨v wZbevi K‡i co‡j †h †Kvb
mgm¨v †_‡K Avj−vn Zv‡K i¶v Ki‡eb|
z
0 A( & X( . , -( O( Z( (O 7, ! 7(; : d7e c> <"> -( ! "; : c b . #s , c -( ;
@ $ G
& . "L ! ( tF b-( q $ G
& _ 9 d 5
Avey mvC` Lyìx (ivt) e‡jb, bex Kixg (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h e¨w³ RygÔAvi w`b
m~iv Kvnd co‡e Zvi Cgvbx Av‡jv GK RygÔAv n‡Z Aci RygÔAv ch©š— PgwK‡Z
_vK‡eÕ (evqnvK¡x, nv`xQ Qnxn, wgkKvZ nv/2175; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2071)| G nv`xQ Øviv eySv
†Mj †h RygÔAvi w`b m~iv Kvnd co‡j Aci RygÔAv ch©š— †h †Kvb Ab¨vq n‡Z
i¶v cvIqvi Rb¨ Ges †h †Kvb Kj¨vY AR©b Kivi Rb¨ Av‡jvi gZ KvR Ki‡e|
†K eo jvfevb 55
7, ! 7(; : d7e Z( , . p $ , : Z( (O Q! "; : c b . ( $ , v >"> ;
X . , ! # C& D #L c5 ! ( 7$ 9 (B 9M ! 73 -( NC q C _ 9 dD] 9 : Z C 9
@$0 < e ; >H%D Q($ ; Z N X C( <
bvIqvm Beby mvgÔAvb (ivt) e‡jb, Avwg ivm~j (Qvt)-†K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ,
wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b KziAvb‡K Ges hviv `ywbqv‡Z KziAvb Abyhvqx Avgj KiZ
Zv‡ì‡K Avbv n‡e| KziAv‡bi Av‡M Av‡M _vK‡e m~iv evK¡vivn I m~iv Av‡j
Bgivb| Avi G m~iv `yÕwU Zv‡ì †ZjvIqvZKvix‡ì c¶ †_‡K Revew`wn Ki‡eÕ
(gymwjg, wgkKvZ, wiqvhyQ Qvwjnxb, 3/43c„t)| wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b †ZjvIqvKvixi c¶ n‡q
KziAvb Avj−vni ìev‡i mycvwik Ki‡e Ges m~iv evK¡vivn I Av‡j Bgivb AMÖYx
f‚wgKv cvjb Ki‡e|
B ` 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . Z( O( Z( O( ! "; : c b
. ( ; ( $ m&; ;
@! $ 7; ( NC & 7 D
IQgvb (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†Zvgv‡ì g‡a¨ †m e¨w³ m‡e©vËg †h
KziAvb wk¶v K‡i Ges Ab¨‡K wk¶v †`qÕ (eyLvix, wiqvhyQ Qvwjnxb, 3/43c„t)| G nv`xQ
Øviv eySv †Mj †h, KziAvb GK AZzjbxq gh©v`v m¤úbœ A‡jŠwKK MÖš’, hvi wk¶v
MÖnYKvix Ges wk¶K BnKvj I ciKv‡j me‡P‡q †ekx m¤§v‡bi AwaKvix n‡e|
GRb¨ KziAvb cov Ges cov‡bvi †Rvivj †Póv Kiv GKvš— KZ©e¨|
. 0 Ul 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . Z( O( Z( O( ! "; : c b . * F ?
c -( ;
k7($ D -( a7($ D # $ % & ( %<, Q([$ & £ : $ D # $ % & Q $ 9 U&
? ( qW G > NC & Qtb <S
> QW3 q O# S > QY. X 4 (S > Q}. F ' $ >
@0 C -( 0C $ 5( ! & TY ^<5( # 9 v
>" 6l B .? 7(; -(
Avey gvwjK AvkÔAvix (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔcweÎZv A‡a©K Cgvb|
Avjnvg`ywjj−vn gvby‡li Avg‡ji cvj−v c~Y© K‡i| myenvbvj−vn Iqvj nvg`ywjj−vn
gvby‡li Avg‡ji †bKx w`‡q cwic~Y© K‡i †`q| QvjvZ nj Av‡jv| `vb nj `vZvi
Cgv‡bi c‡¶ `jxj| âh© nj †R¨vwZ| KziAvb †Zvgvi c‡¶ wKsev wec‡¶ cÖgvY|
56 †K eo jvfevb
cÖ‡Z¨K gvbyl mKv‡j D‡V AvÍvi µq-weµq K‡i| nq AvÍv‡K Rvnvbœvg †_‡K
gy³ K‡i, bv nq Zv‡K aŸsm K‡iÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/262)|
G nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj †h, gvbyl hw` wbqwgZ KziAvb †ZjvIqvZ K‡i Ges
Z`byhvqx Avgj K‡i Zvn‡j KziAvb wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b Zvi c‡¶ Revew`wn Ki‡e|
Ab¨_v Zvi wei“‡× Revew`wn Ki‡e|
my›ì K‡i Ih~Kvix
†hme Avg‡ji gva¨‡g eo jvfevb nIqv hvq, my›ì K‡i Ih~ Kiv Zvi Ab¨Zg|
Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv Ih~ K‡i cweÎZv AR©‡bi Av‡`k w`‡q‡Qb| wZwb Ih~i gva¨‡g
gvbyl‡K cweÎ Ki‡Z Pvb Ges Zuvi †bÔAvgZ mg~n gvby‡li Dci c~Y© Ki‡Z Pvb|
ivm~j (Qvt) Ih~i cÖwZ h‡_ó ¸i“Z¡v‡ivc K‡i‡Qb Ges A‡bK dhxjZ eY©bv
K‡i‡Qb| †hme Kv‡R eo jvfevb nIqv hvq Ih~ Zvi Ab¨Zg|
Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv e‡jb,
%
E 5$ & d( A 9# 9-( A 3 H 7 & (5 X 4
(S > d( $ O ( " N 9M 09L-(9
# 9 9 A (
s A 7(; 6( G : # 9 9 ... < A( & d( A 7(H . -( A , t:
@( A i
D A 7 ( A 7(; ! $ > B 0* U(
Ô†n Cgvb`viMY! †Zvgiv hLb QvjvZ Av`v‡qi B”Qv Ki ZLb †Zvgiv †Zvgv‡ì
gyLgÊj I n¯—Øq KbyB ch©š— †aŠZ Ki| †Zvgv‡ì gv_v gvmvn Ki Ges c`hyMj
†Mvovjx ch©š— †aŠZ Ki| ... Avj−vn †Zvgv‡ì Rxeb‡K msKxY© Ki‡Z Pvb bv eis
†Zvgv‡ì‡K cweÎ Ki‡Z Pvb Ges †Zvgv‡ì cÖwZ Avcb †bÔAvgZ m¤ú~Y© Ki‡Z
Pvb| †hb †Zvgiv ïKwiqv Av`vq Ki‡Z cviÕ (gv‡q`vn 6)|
g‡bi cweÎZv †hgb GKwU †bÔAvgZ, †`‡ni cweÎZvI Abyiƒc GKwU †bÔAvgZ|
AÎ AvqvZ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, gvbyl Cgvb Avbvi ci Bev`‡Zi D‡Ï‡k¨ hLb
my›ìfv‡e Ih~ K‡i ZLb Avj−vni †bÔAvgZ Zvi Dci cwic~Y©iƒ‡c ewl©Z nq|
. 0 Ul 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . Z( O( Z( O( ! "; : c b
.
F ?
c -( ;
@ $ 9 U&
†K eo jvfevb 57
Avey gvwjK AvkÔAvix (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔcweÎZv AR©b Kiv n‡”Q
Cgv‡bi A‡a©KÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/281, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/262)| AÎ nv`x‡Q ivm~j (Qvt)
cweÎZv‡K A‡a©K Cgvb e‡j‡Qb| A_©vr Cgv‡bi gva¨‡g Aš—‡ii cweÎZv AwR©Z
nq Avi Ih~i gva¨‡g †`‡ni cweÎZv AwR©Z nq|
d(7; A 2L -( /( - 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . Z( O( Z( O( ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
¥ <, : Z( (O Q Z( , . 9 d(7 O( 'H. #> ! T 5( 9 Q9(U¤ ( ! : %$ 9
A M( 5( X4
(S> # X 4 (S > . (K Q#H ( d( (U¤ X m&B( Q. (A( d(7; t b
@ * A M( 5( Q
* A M( 5( Q *
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvwg wK †Zvgv‡ì e‡j wè bv
†h wK‡mi Øviv Avj−vn gvby‡li ¸bvn gy‡Q †`b Ges gh©v`v e„w× K‡i †`b?
QvnvexMY ej‡jb, nu¨v ejyb, †n Avj−vni ivm~j! wZwb ej‡jb, Kó m‡Ë¡I c~Y©fv‡e
Ih~ Kiv, AwaK c`‡¶‡c gmwR‡` hvIqv Ges GK QvjvZ †kl nIqvi ci Avi
GK Qvjv‡Zi cÖZx¶vq _vKv| Avi GUvB n‡”Q wievZ ev cÖ¯‘wZ (wZbevi wZwb
GK_v ej‡jb)Õ (gymwjg, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/263)| AÎ nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h,
Bmjvgx iv‡óªi mxgvš— i¶vi Rb¨ gyRvwnìv †hgb A¯¿-k¯¿ wb‡q me©`v cÖ¯‘Z †_‡K
Avj−vni mš‘wó AR©b K‡i, †Zgb gyQj−xiv Kó m‡Ë¡I my›ì K‡i Ih~ K‡i †nu‡U
gmwR‡` wM‡q Qvjv‡Zi ci Qvjv‡Zi A‡c¶vq †_‡K Avj−vni mš‘wó AR©b K‡i|
k>b D 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( O( Z( O( ! "; : c b
. ( ; ( $ m&; ;
@ . (& -( p % D
I
D d> # H 9(U` p H ` QFt b k(5(
IQgvb (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h Ih~ K‡i Ges
my›ì K‡i Ih~ K‡i, Zvi ¸bvn mg~n Zvi kixi n‡Z †ei n‡q hvq| GgbwK Zvi
b‡Li bxP n‡ZI †ei n‡q hvqÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/284, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/264)|
G nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, Ih~i gva¨‡g gvby‡li †`‡ni cweÎZv AwR©Z nq|
# < k>b D ( 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( O( Z( O( ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
T ! " 0( K( qs )(U ` 6l B ! 0 H ` ! 0 H 6( 5( ] $ & -( Q7 $ &
0i U( ( (B qs )(U ` 6l B ! 9# 9
` ! 9# 9 6( ( g5( Qt$& U& O( ` N T -( Qt$&
58 †K eo jvfevb
0 i
qs )(U ` 6l B p
H ` ! 7(H . 6( ( (g5( Qt$& U& O( ` N T -( Qt$& T #9
@j Ml C
I
9 d> t $& U& O( ` N T -( t $& T 4
( H .
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z, ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, hLb †Kvb gymjgvb
A_ev gywgb ev›`v Ih~ K‡i Ges gyLgÊj †aŠZ K‡i ZLb Zvi gyLgÊj n‡Z cvwbi
mv‡_ A_ev cvwbi †kl we›`yi mv‡_ †m mg¯— ¸bvn †ei n‡q hvq, hv Zvi `yÕ†Pv‡Li
gva¨‡g n‡q‡Q| Avi hLb †m `yÕnvZ †aŠZ K‡i ZLb cvwbi mv‡_ wKsev cvwbi
†kl we›`yi mv‡_ †m mg¯— ¸bvn †ei n‡q hvq, hv Zvi `yÕnvZ Øviv AwR©Z n‡q‡Q|
hLb †m cv †aŠZ K‡i ZLb cvwbi mv‡_ wKsev cvwbi †kl we›`yi mv‡_ †m mg¯—
¸bvn †ei n‡q hvq, hv Ki‡Z Zvi cv AMÖmi n‡q‡Q| GgbwK †m ¸bvn n‡Z cvK-
cweÎ, cwi¯‹vi-cwi”Qbœ n‡q hvqÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/285, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/265)| AÎ
nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, Ih~i Kvi‡Y Ih~i A½¸wji mg¯— ¸bvn gy‡Q hvq Ges
†m wb®úvc n‡q hvq|
] $ & # < & k(b
> D ( Z( (O 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z( , . -( c* % "S
L # <; ;
6( ( (g5( ! -( 9(UI & p H ` m(", ( ! 5 9(UI & p
H ` | $ 8 $ 5(
! 9# 9 6( ( (g5( Q! "; . ( -( p % D I
D d> ! 0 H 9(UI & p H ` ! 0 H
p H ` ! , -& R (g5( Q! 9# 9 . (& -( p % D
I D d> ! 9# 9 9(UI & p H `
! 7(H . 9(UI & p H ` ! 7(H . 6( ( (g5( Q! - I
D d> ! , -&. 9(UI &
@! ( qP 7(5 ! D4 (e # G $ & d( ! i ( (B > r Z( (O Q! 7(H . . (& -( p
% D I
D d>
Ave`yj−vn Qybvwenx (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔhLb gywgb ev›`v Ih~ K‡i
Ges Kzwj K‡i ZLb Zvi gyL n‡Z ¸bvn mg~n †ei n‡q hvq Ges hLb †m bvK
†S‡o †d‡j ZLb Zvi bvK †_‡K ¸bvn mg~n †ei n‡q hvq| hLb †m Zvi gyL
†aŠZ K‡i ZLb Zvi gyL n‡Z ¸bvn mg~n †ei n‡q hvq, GgbwK Zvi `yÕ†Pv‡Li
cvZvi bxP n‡ZI ¸bvn †ei n‡q hvq| Zvici hLb †m Zvi `yÕnvZ †aŠZ K‡i
ZLb Zvi `yÕnvZ n‡ZI ¸bvn mg~n †ei n‡q hvq| GgbwK Zvi `yÕnv‡Zi bL¸wji
bxP n‡ZI ¸bvn mg~n †ei n‡q hvq| Zvici hLb †m Zvi gv_v gvmvn K‡i ZLb
Zvi gv_v n‡Z ¸bvn mg~n †ei n‡q hvq| GgbwK Zvi `yÕKvb n‡ZI ¸bvn mg~n
†ei n‡q hvq| Ae‡k‡l hLb †m Zvi `yÕcv †aŠZ K‡i ZLb Zvi `yÕcv n‡Z ¸bvn
mg~n †ei n‡q hvq, GgbwK Zvi `yÕcv‡qi bL¸wji bxP n‡ZI ¸bvn mg~n †ei n‡q
†K eo jvfevb 59
hvq| Zvici †m gmwR‡` hvq Ges QvjvZ Av`vq K‡i Zvi Rb¨ Zvi QvjvZ nq
bdjÕ (bvmvC, wkKvZ nv/297, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/277)|
AÎ nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, Ih~i gva¨‡g A½¸wji ¸bvn S‡i hvq Ges †m
wb®úvc n‡q hvq| Zvici gmwR‡` wM‡q QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡j, Qvjv‡Zi †bKx Zvi
Rb¨ bdj n‡q hvq| KviY Zvi †Kvb ¸bvn bv _vKvq QvjvZ Øviv ¸bvn †gvP‡bi
cÖ‡qvRb nq bv|
_s O( . 2 A 7(; _ 4( > 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z( , . -( ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
" ( - O( " ` "9-(. # O( >- ' 2 2 Q( C 4 ( ( A : tF & > Q" ]
z B( O( # Dk9 ( 9M "` Qc %e - - Z( (O Z( , . 9 ? `
6W ` ! ( 4 P H . - ( p 9-.- Z( (C5( Z( , . 9 ? > - # '
k9 x D
0 >g5 Z( (O Q Z( , . 9 d(7 O( !7(` x 9 /( -( Qs0 s 3 2 6s ` 1 0 ( qW 7(G>%
@} ( d(7; 0 y 5( - Qt b 7>G% P¦ ( Dk9
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, GK`v ivm~j (Qvt) (g`xbvi RvbœvZzj evKx bvgK)
Kei¯’v‡b Dcw¯’Z n‡jb Ges g„Ze¨w³‡ì D‡Ï‡k¨ ej‡jb, _s O( . 2 A
7(; _ 4
( >
Q( C 4
( ( A : tF & > Q" ] ÔAvcbv‡ì cÖwZ kvwš— AeZxY© †nvK †n
gywgb AwaevmxMY! AvgivI BbkvAvj−vn Avcbv‡ì mv‡_ wgwjZ neÕ| Zvici bex
Kixg (Qvt) e‡jb, Avgvi AvKv•Lv Avwg †hb Avgvi fvB‡ì †`L‡Z cvB|
QvnvexMY ej‡jb, †n Avj−vni ivm~j! (†Kvb fvBMY?) Avgiv wK Avcbvi fvB bB?
bex Kixg (Qvt) ej‡jb, Avcbviv Avgvi mv_x| Avgvi fvB ZvivB hviv GLbI
`ywbqv‡Z Av‡mwb| QvnvexMY ej‡jb, †n Avj−vni ivm~j (Qvt)! hviv GLbI
`ywbqv‡Z Av‡mwb Zv‡ì wKfv‡e wPb‡eb? ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb, Avcbviv ejyb, hw`
†Kvb e¨w³i Lye KzPKz‡P Kv‡jv †Nvovi g‡a¨ GK`j aea‡e mv`v Kcvj I mv`v
nvZ-cv wewkó †Nvov _v‡K, Zvn‡j †m wK Zvi †Nvov¸wj wPb‡Z cvi‡e? QvnvexMY
ej‡jb, †n Avj−vni ivm~j! nu¨v, wbðqB cvi‡e| ZLb ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb, Avgvi
fvBMYI Ih~i Kvi‡Y wK¡qvg‡Zi w`‡b †miƒc aea‡e mv`v Kcvj I mv`v n¯—-c`
wewkó Ae¯’vq Dcw¯’Z n‡e Ges Avwg nvI‡h KvIQv‡ii wbKU Zv‡ì AMÖMvgx
wnmv‡e Dcw¯’Z _vKeÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/298, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/278)|
60 †K eo jvfevb
AÎ nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, Ih~i A½¸wj wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b aea‡e mv`v n‡e hv
bexi D¤§Z wnmv‡e we‡kl cwiwPwZ enb Ki‡e| †h cwiwPwZ Avi †Kvb D¤§‡Zi
_vK‡e bv| Avgv‡ì bex Kixg (Qvt) AMÖhvÎx wnmv‡e nvI‡h KvIQv‡ii cv‡k
†_‡K Avgv‡ì wP‡b wb‡eb Ges Avg‡ì cvwb cvb Kivi eë¯’v Ki‡eb|
w
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Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, Avwg ivm~j (Qvt)-†K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ, Ôgywg‡bi Ih~i
†mme ¯’vb¸wj my›ì D¾¡j, my`k©b n‡e †h ¯’vb¸wj‡Z Ih~i cvwb †cŠu‡QÕ (gymwjg,
wgkKvZ nv/291, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/ 271)| AÎ nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b
Ih~i ¯’vb¸wj GK we‡kl iƒc aviY Ki‡e hv AZxe D¾¡j my›ì I my`k©b n‡e|
( ; # 9 c > - 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( O( Z( O( ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
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Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔwK¡qvg‡Zi w`b Avgvi D¤§Z‡K
Rvbœv‡Zi w`‡K WvKv n‡e Zv‡ì Ih~i we‡kl wPý †`‡L hv n‡e AZxe D¾¡j
aea‡e mv`v| myZivs †Zvg‡ì g‡a¨ †h e¨w³ Zvi D¾¡jZv‡K `xN© Ki‡Z Pvq †m
†hb Zv K‡iÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/290, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/270)|
AÎ nv`xQ Øviv cÖZxqgvb nq †h, Ih~i Kvi‡Y wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b gywgbM‡Yi gyLgÊj
I Ab¨vb¨ A½-cÖZ¨½ AZxe D¾¡j n‡e| myZivs Ih~i wbw`©ó ¯’vb¸wj c~Y©fv‡e
wfwR‡q DËgiƒ‡c Ih~ Kiv DwPZ|
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p
b > 5( ? ( c 0 H p 0 H> ? ( c & p $ 7(, -( > 0 7 6& C 5( ? 5 d( p 9 -(
?
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eviv Be‡b Avwhe (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) GKRb e¨w³‡K
ej‡jb, †n IgyK e¨w³! Zzwg hLb weQvbvq Avkªq MÖnY Ki, ZLb Qvjv‡Zi Ih~i
†K eo jvfevb 61
b¨vq Ih~ K‡i wb‡e| Zvici Zzwg Wvb Kv‡Z kqb Ki‡e Ges ej‡e, p
$ 7(, -( > 0 7
qP <& . ?
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wdivjvg| Avgvi KvR †Zvgvi wbKU b¨¯— Kijvg Ges AvMÖn mnKv‡i I fq-fxwZ
wb‡q †Zvgvi mvnv‡hï cÖwZ Avwg fimv Kijvg| †Zvgvi wbKU e¨ZxZ Avkªq
cvIqvi I gyw³ cvIqvi Avi †Kvb ¯’vb †bB| †Zvgvi wKZv‡e hv Zzwg AeZxY©
K‡iQ, Avwg Zv wek¦vm Kwi Ges †Zvgvi bex‡KI wek¦vm Kwi, hv‡K Zzwg †cÖiY
K‡iQ| Zvici ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb, Zzwg hw` †m iv‡ZB gviv hvI, Zvn‡j
Bmjv‡gi êwk‡óï Dci A_©vr Avj−vni GKZ¡ev‡ì Dci gi‡e| Avi hw` mKv‡j
Nyg †_‡K †R‡M DV Zvn‡j Kj¨v‡Yi mv‡_ †R‡M DV‡eÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ
nv/2385, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2274)| AÎ nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, Ih~ K‡i Nygv‡bv
mybœvZ Ges Ih~ K‡i D³ †`vÔAvwU c‡o Nygv‡j Dfq Rxeb n‡e Kj¨vYgq|
Igi (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, †Zvgv‡ì g‡a¨ †h e¨w³ DËgiƒ‡c Ih~
Ki‡e AZtci ej‡e, =#$> % -( # 0 -( ! ( ?
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AviI †NvlYv KiwQ †h gynv¤§v` (Qvt) Zuvi `vm I Zuvi ivm~j| Ggb e¨w³i Rb¨
Rvbœv‡Zi AvUwU ìRv Ly‡j †Ìqv n‡e, †m B”Qvbyhvqx †h †Kvb ìRv w`‡q
Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z cvi‡eÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/269)|
G nv`xQ Øviv cÖZxqgvb nq †h, Ih~ Ges D³ †`vÔAvwU Ggb GKwU ¸i“Z¡c~Y©
Bev`Z, hvi wewbg‡q gvbyl B”QvgZ Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z cv‡i| Avj−vn Zzwg
Avgv‡ì ZvIdxK¡ `vb Ki Avgiv †hb DËgiƒ‡c Ih~ K‡i D³ †`vÔAvwU cvV K‡i
B”QvgZ RvbœvZ jvf Ki‡Z cvwi-Avgxb!
Z > -( -( 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . t 2. #> c-( ;
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c $ ; ? ( 6 m& c "$ 9 ; ? ( 6 m& c 7& ` k& c > - x ; k(5(

s $ 5 k& ? > - x D z B( Z( , . 9 6W H . ! ( Z( (C5( ? ( 6 m&
62 †K eo jvfevb
0 >-( 0 5 ; -( 3 ( ?
M( B( #Y -( u ( t b & r(-( ( 7G
>% 3 Z( (O ? > - d(
@ 0 9>.* 0 9# 9-( d 9 0 5 ; -( 0 $9k( 0 <B ( D] 9
AveyÏvi`v (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvwgB cÖ_g e¨w³ hv‡K wK¡qvg‡Zi
w`b (Avj−vni ìev‡i) wmR`v Kivi AbygwZ †Ìqv n‡e Ges AvwgB cÖ_g e¨w³
hv‡K wmR`v n‡Z gv_v DVv‡bvi Rb¨ AbygwZ †Ìqv n‡e| AZtci Avwg Avgvi
m¤§y‡L (D¤§ZM‡Yi Rbmgy‡`ªi cÖwZ) `„wó wè Ges mg¯— D¤§‡Zi ga¨ n‡Z Avgvi
D¤§Z‡K wP‡b wbe| AZtci Avgvi cðvr w`‡KI †miƒc, Wvb w`‡KI †miƒc I
evg w`‡KI †miƒc (`„wó wè Ges Avgvi D¤§Z‡K wP‡b wbe)| (GK_v ï‡b) GK
e¨w³ e‡j DVj, †n Avj−vni ivm~j! Avcwb wKiƒ‡c b~n n‡Z Avcbvi D¤§Z ch©š—
GZ D¤§‡Zi g‡a¨ Avcbvi D¤§Z‡K wP‡b wb‡eb? wZwb ej‡jb, Zviv Ih~i aea‡e
mv`v Kcvj I aea‡e nvZ-cv wewkó n‡e| Ab¨ †KD Giƒc n‡e bv| GZØ¨ZxZ
Avwg Zv‡ì‡K Giƒ‡cI wP‡b wbe †h, Zviv Zv‡ì Avgjbvgv Wvb nv‡Z cv‡e,
AviI Avwg Zv‡ì‡K Giƒ‡c wP‡b wbe †h, Zv‡ì (bv-ev‡jM) mš—vbiv Zv‡ì
m¤§y‡L †`Šov‡`Šwo Ki‡eÕ (Avngv`, e½vbyev` wgkKvZ nv/269)|
c5 6 H > X 4 (e 7, ! 7(; d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
( ! >-( ? ( P b 9 i ; = $ ` ! O , c 5 ! c 5 ! D4 (e d(7; z > 8 D q ; $G &
/ XP U& ` I 9 ( X 4
(S > / ! H I 9 /( # G $ & d( ` > r tF b & k(5( k(b > D
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Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†Kvb e¨w³i gmwR‡` RvgvÔAv‡Z
QvjvZ Av`v‡qi †bKx Zvi N‡i ev Zvi evRv‡i QvjvZ Av`vq A‡c¶v cuwPk ¸Y
†ekx| Avi GB †bKx ZLbB nq hLb †m e¨w³ my›ì K‡i Ih~ K‡i Avi GKgvÎ
Qvjv‡Zi D‡Ï‡k¨ gmwR‡` hvq| GgZve¯’vq †m hZ c`‡¶c iv‡L cÖ‡Z¨K
c`‡¶‡ci ì“Y GKUv K‡i c`gh©v`v DbœZ Kiv nq Ges GKUv K‡i ¸bvn ¶gv
Kiv nq| AZtci hLb †m QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡Z _v‡K wdwikZvMY Zvi Rb¨
†K eo jvfevb 63
†`vÔAv Ki‡Z _v‡Kb| Zviv e‡jb, > 0 7( ! ( & > 0 7(! $
. > 0 7 ! 7(; 6J e
> 0 7
! 7(; f
D Ô†n Avj−vn! Zzwg Zvi cÖwZ AbyMÖn Ki, †n Avj−vn! Zzwg Zvi cÖwZ `qv
Ki, †n Avj−vn! Zzwg Zv‡K ¶gv Ki| †n Avj−vn! Zzwg Zvi ZIev Keyj Ki| Avi
Gfv‡e Zviv ej‡Z _v‡K †h ch©š— †m QvjvZ Av`v‡qi ¯’v‡b _v‡K| hZ¶Y †m
KvD‡K Kó bv †`q Ges Ih~ f½ bv K‡iÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/702; evsjv wgkKvZ
nv/650)|
7, ! 7(; d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : d b . s ^; $ > # <; ;

p -( p 7& O d(7; F £ : $ & S I 9 5 Z( (C5( QsX. e
-( c 5 d(D ~ . <D c *. p 9-(.
t $> c5 p $ 7 5( Q>c9# r( 32 ' # H 5( Q>c( B( ! B( T b 5( Z( (O Q7(; -(
} . F ' $ > ' A 7( 3 1 ? M( B( :q( 9 M 3 4 ( D Z( (O Q}. F
Z( (O p 7& O d(7; k(& k7($ & S I 9 5 1
. # D 6& 3 # $> % 9 Z( (O Q"O $ & ( A
d( _ #O& k(& d(7; c i $ & ' 7(S > # # H $ & c5 w A& $ & ' .A( & ' .A( & c5
( (B s I ' s I ¨ ; ? ( 6( 5( . (A$ & c5 t b
& ¥ <, ' ;$G &
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( ? ( c "8 <O& (5 qP "5 ~ 2 < '
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Avãyi ingvb Beby Av‡qk (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, GKevi Avwg Avgvi
ciIqvi‡`Mvi‡K AwZ DËg Ae¯’vq (¯^‡cœ) †`Ljvg| ZLb wZwb Avgv‡K wR‡Ám
Ki‡jb, kxl©¯’vbxq †d‡ikZvMY wK welq wb‡q weZK© Ki‡Q? Avwg ejjvg,
AvcwbB Zv AwaK AeMZ| ZLb Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv Zuvi nvZ Avgvi `yB Kuv‡ai
ga¨Lv‡b ivL‡jb, hvi kxZjZv Avwg Avgvi e‡¶i g‡a¨ Abyfe Kijvg| ZLb
Avwg Avmgvbmg~‡n I hgx‡b hv Av‡Q meB AeMZ njvg| (ivex e‡jb,) AZtci
ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) G AvqvZ †ZjvIqvZ Ki‡jb, ÔGiƒ‡c Avwg †`Lvjvg Beivnxg‡K
Avmgvb mg~n I hgx‡bi ivR¨mg~n, hv‡Z †m wek¦vmx‡ì Aš—f©y³ nqÕ| -`v‡igx
G‡K gyimvj wnmv‡e eY©bv K‡i‡Qb| wZiwghxI Abyiƒc eY©bv K‡i‡Qb, wZwb Avãyi
ingvb Beby Av‡qk I Beby AveŸvm Ges gyÔAvh Beby Rvevj n‡Z Ges G‡ZI
64 †K eo jvfevb
ewa©Z K‡i‡Qb, ZLb Avj−vn ej‡jb, †n gynv¤§v`! Avcwb wK Rv‡bb ˆbKU¨cÖvß
†d‡ikZvMY wK wb‡q weZK© Ki‡Q? Avwg ejjvg, nu¨v, Kvd&dvivZ wb‡q weZK©
Ki‡Q| Avi KvddvivZ nj (K) Qvjv‡Zi ci gmwR` mg~‡n Ae¯’vb Kiv| (L)
cuv‡q †nu‡U RvgvÔAv‡Z Dcw¯’Z nIqv (M) K‡ói mgqI DËg iƒ‡c c~Y©v½ Ih~ Kiv|
†h Zv Ki‡e Kj¨v‡Yi mv‡_ †eu‡P _vK‡e I Kj¨v‡Yi mv‡_ g„ZzëiY Ki‡e Ges †m
Zvi †Mvbvn n‡Z cvK n‡q hv‡e, †mB w`‡bi b¨vq †h w`b Zvi gvZv Zv‡K cÖme
K‡iwQj| AZtci Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv ej‡jb, †n gynv¤§v`! hLb QvjvZ co‡e ZLb
G †`vÔAv co‡e †n Avj−vn! Avwg †Zvgvi wbKU Pvw”Q fvj KvRmg~n m¤úv`b
Ki‡Z, g›` KvRmg~n Z¨vM Ki‡Z Ges `wi`ª‡ì fvjevm‡Z| †n Avj−vn! hLb
Zzwg †Zvgvi ev›`v‡ì †dZbv-dvmv‡` †dj‡Z PvB‡e, ZLb Avgv‡K wdZbvgy³
†i‡L †Zvgvi w`‡K DwV‡q wb‡e| ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) Av‡iv ej‡jb, `vivRvZ nj
mvjv‡gi cÖPjb Kiv, `wi`ª‡K Lv`¨ `vb Kiv Ges iv‡Î QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv hLb
gvbyl wb`ªvq gMœÕ (kviûm mybœvn, e½vbyev` wgkKvZ nv/671)|
` 7, ! 7(; d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : d b . d* 73 <& q( - d -( ;
R < D d( ` _ %
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QvjvZ Av`v‡qi Rb¨ †ei nj Zvi †bKx GKRb Gnivgavix nvRxi †bKxi mgvb|
Avi †h Pvk‡Zi Qvjv‡Zi Rb¨ †ei nj, Zvi QIqve GKRb IgivKvixi QIqv‡ei
mgvb Ges GK Qvjv‡Zi ci Aci QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv hvi g‡a¨ †Kvb Ab_©K KvR
Kiv nqwb Ggb e¨w³i bvg Bj−x‡b †jLv nqÕ (Avngv`, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, ZvnK¡xK¡
~ . <D "L. Z [ "9 Z( (O 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z( , . -( ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
c ; # 9 Z C 9 ` a& 6 7 w 7r d(C<9 #L t $> d( qs 7(( 6 B d(D
@! ( & k(5( c 9 ! U ; k5( c "k( 9 ! ( f G
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†K eo jvfevb 65
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Avj−vn
ZvÔAvjv cÖwZ iv‡Z †kl Z…Zxqvsk Aewkó _vKvKv‡j c„w_exi wbKUeZx© Avmgv‡b
AeZiY K‡i †NvlYv Ki‡Z _v‡Kb, †K AvQ Ggb, †h Avgv‡K WvK‡e? Avwg Zvi
Wv‡K mvov wè| †K Av‡Q Ggb †h, Avgvi wbKU PvB‡e? Avwg Zv‡K Zv wè| †K
Av‡Q Ggb †h, Avgvi wbKU ¶gv PvB‡e? Avwg Zv‡K ¶gv KieÕ (eyLvix nv/1145)|
d7e Z , . X 4 (e p (B z B( Q(qi ^; Z( k(, ! >-( Q$> # <; q( $ 7(, c -( ;
c 5 # 9[ 9 7, !7; d7e Z , . ( (B :p ((C5( ( 8 . c 5 7, !7;
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; # d(7; ( c 5 /( ( 8 .
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@c <7& O( _ "9 /( "D c> "; q i
^; 9 :Z( (C5( D D & -( 6( <O( _ "D-( Z( , . 9 p
7& C 5(
Avey mvjvgvn Beby Avãyi ingvb (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z, wZwb Av‡qkv (ivt)-†K wR‡Ám
K‡ib, ivgvhvb gv‡m Avj−vni ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi QvjvZ †Kgb wQj? wZwb ej‡jb,
Avj−vni ivm~j (Qvt) ivgvhvb gv‡m I Ab¨vb¨ mgq (iv‡Z) GMvi ivKÔAv‡Zi
AwaK QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡Zb bv| wZwb Pvi ivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡Zb| Zzwg
†mB Qvjv‡Zi †mŠ›`h© I `xN©Zv m¤ú‡K© Avgv‡K cÖkœ Ki bv| Zvici wZwb Pvi
ivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡Zb, Gi †mŠ›`h© I `xN©Zv m¤ú‡K© Avgv‡K cÖkœ Ki
bv| AZtci wZwb wZb ivKÔAvZ (weZi) QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡Zb| Av‡qkv (ivt)
e‡jb, GK`v Avwg wR‡Ám Kijvg, †n Avj−vni ivm~j (Qvt)! Avcwb wK weZ‡ii
c~‡e© Nywg‡q _v‡Kb? wZwb ej‡jb, Avgvi †PvL `yÕwU Nygvq, wKš‘ Avgvi ü`q Nygvq
bvÕ (eyLvix, nv/1147)|
Z , . c> 7(; 6( ` # 5( #s , -( c " XW -( 1
# "; p (B p ((O 0"; : c b . q( i ^; ;
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(e B M 5( 6 7 _ "D ( q 4( 5 p 7& O M 3 Z( (C5( 7, ! 7(; : d7e
@ 7l$ D d> 6l $ 9 /( F g5( Z $; k(& ( C U D A 7(;
Av‡qkv (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, eby Avmv‡ì GK gwnjv Avgvi wbKU
Dcw¯’Z wQ‡jb, ZLb Avj−vni ivm~j (Qvt) Avgvi wbKU Avm‡jb Ges wZwb
wR‡Ám Ki‡jb, G gwnjvwU †K? Avwg ejjvg, AgyK| wZwb iv‡Z Nygvb bv| ZLb
Zuvi Qvjv‡Zi K_v D‡j−L Kiv n‡j wZwb (bex Kixg Qvt) ej‡jb, ivL, ivL|
66 †K eo jvfevb
mva¨vbyhvqx Avgj Ki‡Z _vKvB †Zvgv‡ì KZ©e¨| †Kbbv Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv (QIqve
`v‡b) K¬vš— nb bv, hZ¶Y bv †Zvgiv K¬vš— n‡q coÕ (eyLvix, nv/1151)|
Ih~ K‡i `yÕivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vqKvix
Ih~ K‡i `yÕivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡j gvby‡li ¸bvn †gvPb n‡q hvq| RvbœvZ
IqvwRe n‡q hvq Ges ciKv‡j eo jvfevb nIqv hvq| Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv e‡jb,
X 4
(S> <S
> " , Ô†Zvgiv âh© I Qvjv‡Zi gva¨‡g Avj−vni wbKU mvnvh¨
PvIÕ (evK¡vivn 45)| Ab¨Î wZwb Av‡iv e‡jb, <S
> " , " N 9M 09L-( 9
9 >S T F X 4
(S> Ô†n Cgvb`viMY! †Zvgiv âh© I Qvjv‡Zi gva¨‡g
Avj−vni wbKU mvnvh¨ PvI| Avj−vn âh©kxj †jvK‡ì mv‡_ _v‡KbÕ (evK¡vivn 153)|
âh© I bdj QvjvZ G`yÕwU Ggb wRwbm hv Øviv gvbyl †h †Kvb mvdj¨ jvf Ki‡Z
cv‡i| wb‡R‡K AZ¨š— `„p I ghe~Z Ki‡Z cv‡i| mZ¨ I cy‡Yï c‡_ Pj‡Z
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IQgvb (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) Ih~i we¯—vwiZ wbqg †ck Kivi ci ej‡jb, †h
e¨w³ Avgvi GB Ih~i b¨vq Ih~ Ki‡e AZtci `yÕivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡e,
hv‡Z †m Avcb g‡b Avj−vni fq-fxwZ Qvov Ab¨ wKQy fve‡e bv, Zvi c~‡e©Kvi
mKj ¸bvn gvd K‡i †`qv n‡eÕ (eyLvix, wgkKvZ nv/287, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/267)| AÎ
nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, gvbyl Ih~ Kivi ci LvwjQ Aš—‡i `yÕivKÔAvZ QvjvZ
Av`vq Ki‡j eo mdjZv AR©b Ki‡e| Zvi AZx‡Zi ¸bvn ¶gv K‡i †`qv n‡e|
s 7 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . s ; q( <C& ; ;
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†K eo jvfevb 67
IKev Beby Av‡gi (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, †h †Kvb gymjgvb DËgiƒ‡c
Ih~ K‡i Aš—i I ¯^xq gyLgÊj‡K m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c Avj−vni w`‡K wdwi‡q `yÕivKÔAvZ
QvjvZ Av`vq K‡i, Zvi Rb¨ RvbœvZ hiƒix n‡q hvqÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/186, evsjv
wgkKvZ nv/268)|
AÎ nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, †h †Kvb gymjgvb my›ì K‡i Ih~ Kivi ci g‡b
cÖv‡Y fq-fxwZ wb‡q `yÕivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡j, Zvi Rb¨ RvbœvZ hiƒix n‡q
hv‡e|
X 4(e # "; Zs 4 ( < 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( O( Z( O( !"; cb. X( 9 3 c -( ;
? 7( x
> 2 p $ , c *g(5 Q_4 ( , c5 ! 7& $ ; 6s $ ; dH. k( c "r&#* QZ4 ( 9 G ( &
qs ; , c 5 .= 0 y 0> U( D-( ( c *-( 1 #"; dH. - 4 P $ ; p 7& $ ; : Z( (O Qq ">
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Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, GK`v ivm~j (Qvt) dR‡ii Qvjv‡Zi ci †ejvj
(ivt)†K ej‡jb, †ejvj! ej †`wL Zzwg gymjgvb nIqvi ci Ggb wK Avgj Ki,
hvi †bKxi Avkv Zzwg AwaK cwigv‡Y Ki? †Kbbv Avwg Rvbœv‡Z †Zvgvi RyZvi kã
Avgvi m¤§y‡L ïb‡Z cvw”Q| ZLb †ejvj (ivt) ej‡jb, †n Avj−vni ivm~j! Avwg
GQvov †Kvb Avgj Kwi bv hv Avgvi wbKU AwaK †bKxi KviY n‡Z cv‡i| Avwg
iv‡Z ev w`‡b hLbB Ih~ Kwi ZLbB †m Ih~ Øviv (`yÕivKÔAvZ) QvjvZ Av`vq Kwi
hv Av`vq Kivi ZvIdxK Avgv‡K w`‡q‡QbÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1322, evsjv
wgkKvZ nv/1246)|
$ Z( C( 5( /P 4
( ; # 5( 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . R <e -( Z( (O ! "; : c b
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@$0 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (C5( B& . c> 7(; ! 7 -(
eyivq`v (ivt) e‡jb, GK`v ivm~j (Qvt) mKv‡j D‡V †ejvj (ivt) †K WvK‡jb
Ges ej‡jb, †ejvj! wK Kv‡Ri wewbg‡q Zzwg Avgvi c~‡e© Rvbœv‡Z †cuŠQ‡j? Avwg
hLbB Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek Kwi, ZLbB Avgvi m¤§y‡L †Zvgvi RyZvi kã ïb‡Z cvB|
†ejvj (ivt) ej‡jb, †n Avj−vni ivm~j (Qvt)! Avwg hLbB Avhvb w`‡qwQ ZLbB
68 †K eo jvfevb
`yÕivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq K‡iwQ| Avi hLbB Avgvi Ih~ †f‡½‡Q ZLbB Avwg Ih~
K‡iwQ Ges g‡b K‡iwQ Avj−vni D‡Ï‡k¨ Avgv‡K `yÕivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡Z
n‡e| ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb, GB `yB Kv‡Ri ì“YB Zzwg Rvbœv‡Z Avgvi Av‡M Av‡M
RyZv cv‡q w`‡q PjÕ (wZiwghx, nv`xQ Qnxn, wgkKvZ nv/1326, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1250)|
Dwj−wLZ nv`xQ `yÕwU Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, Ih~i c‡i me©`v `yÕivKÔAvZ QvjvZ
Av`vq Ki‡Z cvi‡j eo mvdj¨ AR©b Kiv hv‡e|
Avgi Beby Avey mywdqvb (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, Avj−vni ivm~j (Qvt) `k
e¨w³‡K †Mv‡q›`v wnmv‡e msev` msMÖ‡ni Rb¨ cvVv‡jb Ges AvwQg Beby QvweZ
AvbQvix‡K Zuv‡ì `jcwZ wb‡qvM K‡ib| whwb AvwQg Beby Igi Bewbj LvË¡v‡ei
bvbv wQ‡jb| Zuviv iIqvbv Ki‡jb, hLb Zuviv Dmdvb I g°vi gv‡S nv`vAvZ
bvgK ¯’v‡b †cuŠ‡Qb, ZLb ûhv‡qj †Mv‡Îi GKwU kvLv hv‡ì‡K †jnBqvb ejv nq
Zv‡ì wbKU Zuv‡ì e¨vcv‡i Av‡jvPbv Kiv nq| Zviv cÖvq `yÕkZ Zxi›`vR‡K
Zuv‡ì wcQz avIqv Kivi Rb¨ cvVvb| Giv Zuv‡ì wPý †`‡L Pj‡Z _v‡K|
QvnvexMY g`xbv n‡Z m‡½ wb‡q Avmv †LRyi †hLv‡b e‡m †L‡qwQ‡jb, Ae‡k‡l
Giv †m ¯’v‡bi mÜvb †c‡q †Mj, ZLb Giv ejj, BqvQwi‡ei †LRyi| AZtci
Giv Zuv‡ì c`wPý †`‡L Pj‡Z jvMj| hLb AvwQg I Zuvi mv_xMY G‡ì
†`L‡jb, ZLb Zuviv GKwU DuPz ¯’v‡b Avkªq MÖnY Ki‡jb| Avi Kvwdiiv Zuv‡ì
wN‡i †djj Ges Zuv‡ì‡K ej‡Z jvMj, †Zvgiv AeZiY Ki I †¯^”Qvq e›`xZ¡
eiY Ki| Avgiv †Zvgv‡ì A½xKvi I cÖwZkÖ“wZ w`w”Q †h, †Zvgv‡ì ga¨ n‡Z
KvD‡K Avgiv nZ¨v Kie bv| ZLb †Mv‡q›`v `‡ji †bZv AvwQg Beby QvweZ (ivt)
ej‡jb, Avj−vni Kmg! Avwg †Zv AvR Kvwdi‡ì wbivcËvq AeZiY Kie bv| †n
Avj−vn! Avgv‡ì c¶ †_‡K Avcbvi bex‡K msev` †cuŠ‡Q w`b| Ae‡k‡l Kvwdiiv
Zxi wb‡¶c Ki‡Z ïi“ Kij| Avi Zviv AvwQg (ivt) mn mvZ Rb‡K knx`
Kij| AZtci Aewkó wZbRb LyevBe AvbQvix, hv‡q` Beby `vwmbv (ivt) I Aci
GKRb Zv‡ì †`qv cÖwZkÖ“wZ I A½xKv‡ii Dci wbf©i K‡i Zv‡ì wbKU AeZiY
Ki‡jb| hLb Kvwdiiv Zv‡ì‡K Avq‡Ë wb‡q wbj, ZLb Zviv Zv‡ì aby‡Ki iwk
Ly‡j †d‡j Zuv‡ì †eu‡a †djj| ZLb Z…Zxq Rb e‡j DV‡jb, †Mvov‡ZB
wek¦vmNvZKZv! Avj−vni Kmg! Avwg †Zvgv‡ì m‡½ hve bv, hviv knx` n‡q‡Qb
Avwg Zuv‡ìB c`v¼ AbymiY Kie| Kvwdiiv Zuv‡K knx` K‡i †d‡j Ges Zviv
LyevBe I Beby `vwmbv‡K wb‡q P‡j hvq| Ae‡k‡l Zuv‡ì Dfq‡K g°vq weµq
K‡i †`q| GUv eì hy‡×i c‡ii K_v| ZLb LyevBe‡K nvwiQ Beby Avwg‡ii cyÎiv
µq K‡i †bq| Avi eì hy‡×i w`b LyevBe (ivt) nvwiQ Beby Avwgi‡K nZ¨v
†K eo jvfevb 69
K‡iwQ‡jb| LyevBe (ivt) wKQz w`b Zv‡ì wbKU e›`x _v‡Kb| Beby wknve (int)
e‡jb, Avgv‡K Ievq`yj−vn Beby Avqvh AewnZ K‡i‡Qb, Zuv‡K nvwi‡Qi Kb¨v
Rvwb‡q‡Q †h, hLb nvwi‡Qi cyÎMY LyevBe (ivt)-†K knx` Kivi me©m¤§Z wm×vš—
wbj, ZLb wZwb Zvi KvQ †_‡K †¶Ši KvR m¤úbœ Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨ GKUv ¶zi avi
PvB‡jb| ZLb nvwi‡Qi Kb¨v Zv‡K GKLvbv ¶zi avi w`j| †m mgq NUbvµ‡g
Avgvi †Q‡j Avgvi AÁv‡Z LyevB‡ei wbKU P‡j hvq Ges Avwg †`Ljvg †h,
Avgvi †Q‡j LyevB‡ei Di“i Dci e‡m Av‡Q Ges LyevB‡ei nv‡Z i‡q‡Q ¶zi|
Avwg Lye fq †c‡q †Mjvg| LyevBe Avgvi †Pnviv †`‡L eyS‡Z cvi‡jb †h, Avwg
fq cvw”Q| ZLb wZwb ej‡jb, Zzwg wK G fq Ki †h, Avwg wkïwU‡K nZ¨v K‡i
†dje? KLbI Avwg Zv Kie bv| Avj−vni Kmg! Avwg LyevB‡ei gZ DËg e›`x
KL‡bv †`wLwb| Avj−vni kc_! Avwg GK`v †`Ljvg, wZwb †jvnvi wkK‡j Ave×
Ae¯’vq Qov n‡Z Av½yi Lv‡”Qb, hv Zuvi nv‡ZB wQj| A_P G mgq g°vq †Kvb
djB cvIqv hvw”Qj bv| nvwi‡Qi Kb¨v ej‡Zv, G †Zv wQj Avj−vn ZvÔAvjvi c¶
n‡Z cÖ`Ë RxweKv, hv wZwb LyevBe‡K `vb K‡i‡Qb| AZtci Zviv LyevBe‡K knx`
Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨ nvivg-Gi wbKU n‡Z wn‡ji w`‡K wb‡q †ei n‡q coj, ZLb
LyevBe (ivt) Zv‡ì ej‡jb, Avgv‡K `yÕivKvÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡Z `vI| Zviv
Zuv‡K †m AbygwZ w`j| wZwb `yÕivKvÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq K‡i wb‡jb| AZtci
wZwb ej‡jb, †Zvgiv hw` aviYv bv Ki‡Z †h, Avwg g„Zzï f‡q fxZ n‡q c‡owQ,
Z‡e Avwg QvjvZ‡K `xN© KiZvg| †n Avj−vn! Zv‡ì‡K GK GK K‡i aŸsm
Ki“b| (AZtci wZwb G KweZv `yÕwU Ave„wË Ki‡jb)|
ÔhLb Avwg gymwjg wnmv‡e knx` nw”Q ZLb Avwg †Kvbiƒc fq Kwi bv|
Avj−vni D‡Ï‡k¨ Avgv‡K †hLv‡bB gvwU‡Z jywU‡q †djv †nvK bv †Kb|
Avgvi G g„Zz¨ Avj−vn ZvÔAvjvi Rb¨B n‡”Q| wZwb hw` B”Qv K‡ib,
Z‡e Avgvi †`‡ni cÖwZwU LwÊZ †Rvovmg~‡n eiKZ m„wó K‡i w`‡eb|Õ
Ae‡k‡l nvwi‡Qi cyÎ Zuv‡K knx` K‡i †d‡j| e¯‘Z †h gymwjg e¨w³‡K e›`x
Ae¯’vq knx` Kiv nq, Zvi Rb¨ `yÕivKvÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`v‡qi G ixwZ LyevBe
(ivt)B cÖeZ©b K‡i †M‡Qb| †h w`b AvwQg (ivt) kvnv`Z eiY K‡iwQ‡jb, †mw`b
Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv Zuvi †`vÔAv Keyj K‡iwQ‡jb| †mw`bB Avj−vni ivm~j (Qvt) Zuvi
QvnvexMY‡K Zuv‡ì msev` I Zuv‡ì Dci hv hv AvcwZZ n‡qwQj meB AewnZ
K‡iwQ‡jb| Avi hLb KzivBk Kvwdi‡ì‡K G msev` †cuŠQv‡bv nq †h, AvwQg
(ivt)-†K knx` Kiv n‡q‡Q, ZLb Zviv Zuvi Kv‡Q GK †jvK‡K cvVvq, hv‡Z †m
e¨w³ Zuvi jvk n‡Z wKQz Ask †K‡U wb‡q Av‡m, hv‡Z Zviv Zv †`‡L wPb‡Z cv‡i|
70 †K eo jvfevb
KviY eì hy‡×i w`b AvwQg (ivt) KzivBk‡ì GK †bZ…¯’vbxq e¨w³‡K nZ¨v
K‡iwQ‡jb| AvwQ‡gi jv‡ki (i¶vi Rb¨) †gŠgvwQi SuvK †cÖwiZ nj, hviv Zuvi
†`n Ave„Z K‡i †i‡L Zv‡ì lohš¿ n‡Z wndvhZ Kij| d‡j Zviv Zuvi kixi
n‡Z GK LÊ †MvkZI †K‡U wb‡Z cv‡iwb (eyLvix nv/3045)| G nv`xQ Øviv
cÖZxqgvb nq †h, hLb †Kvb gymwjg‡K ï‡j ev dvwm‡Z Pov‡bvi mgq Avm‡e
ZLb †m `yÕivKvÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡e|
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z bex Kixg (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, wZbRb wkï Qvov Ab¨
†KD †`vjvbvq †_‡K K_v e‡jwb| cÖ_g Rb Cmv (Avt), wØZxq Rb ebx
BmivC‡ji GK e¨w³ hv‡K ÔRyivBRÕ bv‡g WvKv nZ| GK`v Bev`‡Z iZ _vKv
Ae¯’vq Zvi gv G‡m Zv‡K WvKj| †m fvej Avwg wK Zvi Wv‡K mvov †è, bv
QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡Z _vKe| Zvi gv ejj, †n Avj−vn! e¨wfPvwiYxi gyL bv †`Lv
ch©š— Zzwg Zv‡K g„Zz¨ wÌ bv| RyivBR Zvi Bev`ZLvbvq _vKZ| GKevi Zvi
wbKU GKwU bvix Avmj| Zvi m‡½ K_v ejj| wKš‘ RyivBR Zv A¯^xKvi Kij|
AZtci bvixwU GKRb ivLv‡ji wbKU †Mj Ges Zv‡K w`‡q g‡bvevmbv c~Y© Kij|
c‡i †m GKwU cyÎ mš—vb cÖme Kij| Zv‡K wR‡Ám Kiv nj GwU Kvi †_‡K? ¯¿x
†jvKwU ejj, RyivBR †_‡K| †jv‡Kiv Zvi wbKU Avmj Ges Zvi Bev`ZLvbv
†f‡½ w`j| Avi Zv‡K bvwg‡q Avbj I Zv‡K MvwjMvjvR Kij| ZLb RyivBR Ih~
Kij Ges `yÕivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Kij| AZtci beRvZ wkïwUi wbKU G‡m
Zv‡K wR‡Ám Kij, †n wkï! †Zvgvi wcZv †K? †m Reve w`j, †mB ivLvj| Zviv
ejj, Avgiv Avcbvi Bev`ZLvbvwU †mvbv w`‡q ˆZix K‡i w`w”Q| †m ejj, bv|
Z‡e gvwU w`‡q|
(Z…ZxqRb) evbx BmivC‡ji GKRb bvix Zvi wkï‡K `ya cvb Kivw”Qj| Zvi KvQ
w`‡q GKRb my`k©b cyi“l Av‡ivnx P‡j †Mj| bvixwU †`vÔAv Kij, †n Avj−vn!
Avgvi †Q‡jwU‡K Zvi gZ evbvI| wkïwU ZLbB Zvi gv‡qi ¯—b †Q‡o w`j Ges
Av‡ivnxwUi w`‡K gyL wdivj| Avi ejj, †n Avj−vn! Avgv‡K Zvi gZ Ki bv|
AZtci gyL wdwi‡q ¯—b cvb Ki‡Z jvMj| Avey ûivqivn (ivt) ej‡jb, Avwg †hb
bex Kixg (Qvt)-†K †`L‡Z cvw”Q, wZwb Av½yj Pzl‡Qb| AZtci †mB bvixwUi cvk¦©
w`‡q GKwU `vmx P‡j †Mj| bvixwU ejj, †n Avj−vn! Avgvi wkïwU‡K Gi gZ Ki
bv| wkïwU Zvr¶wYK Zvi gv‡qi ¯—b †Q‡o w`j Ges ejj, †n Avj−vn! Avgv‡K
Zvi gZ Ki| Zvi gv ejj, Zv †Kb? wkïwU ejj, †mB Av‡ivnxwU wQj hvwjg‡ì
GKRb| Avi G `vmxwUi e¨vcv‡i †jv‡K e‡j‡Q, Zzwg whbv K‡iQ| A_P †m wKQzB
K‡iwbÕ (eyLvix nv/3436; gymwjg nv/45(2)|
†K eo jvfevb 71
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Beivnxg
(Avt) wZbevi e¨ZxZ KLbI wg_¨v e‡jbwb| Gi g‡a¨ `yÕevi wQj ïay Avj−vn
cv‡Ki (mš‘wó AR©‡bi) Rb¨| †hgb- wZwb e‡j‡Qb, Avwg i“Mœ Ges Zuvi Aci
K_vwU nj eis Zv‡ì GB eo g~wZ©wUB GUv K‡i‡Q| (Avi GKwU wQj Zuvi wbR¯^
e¨vcv‡i|) ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e‡jb, GK`v Beivnxg (Avt) I Zuvi ¯¿x mviv GK
hvwjg kvm‡Ki GjvKvq (wgm‡i) G‡m †cuŠQ‡jb| kvmK‡K Lei †Ìqv nj †h,
GLv‡b GKRb †jvK G‡m‡Q, Zvi m‡½ AwZ my›ìx GK igYx Av‡Q| ivRv ZLb
Beivnxg (Avt)-Gi Kv‡Q †jvK cvVvj| †m Zuv‡K wR‡Ám Kij, GB igYxwU †K?
ZLb Beivnxg (Avt) Reve w`‡jb, Avgvi (Øxbx) †evb| AZtci Beivnxg (Avt)
mvivi Kv‡Q Avm‡jb Ges Zv‡K ej‡jb, †n mviv! hw` GB hvwjg Rvb‡Z cv‡i
†h, Zzwg Avgvi ¯¿x Zv n‡j †m †Zvgv‡K Avgvi wbKU n‡Z †Rvic~e©K wQwb‡q wb‡e|
myZivs hw` †m †Zvgv‡K wR‡Ám K‡i, ZLb ej‡e †h, Zzwg Avgvi †evb| g~jZt
Zzwg Avgvi Øxbx †evb| e¯‘Zt Avwg I Zzwg Qvov GB hgx‡bB Dci Avi †Kvb gywgb
†bB|
Gevi ivRv mvivi wbKU (Zv‡K Avbvi Rb¨) †jvK cvVvj| Zv‡K Dcw¯’Z Kiv nj|
Aciw`‡K Beivnxg (Avt) QvjvZ covi Rb¨ ùvwo‡q †M‡jb| AZtci mviv hLb
ivRcÖvmv‡` cÖ‡ek Ki‡jb, ZLb ivRv Zv‡K aivi Rb¨ nvZ evovj, ZLbB †m
Avj−vni Mh‡e cvKovI nj| Ab¨ eY©bvq i‡h‡Q, Zvi `g eÜ n‡q †Mj, GgbwK
hgx‡b cv gvi‡Z jvMj| hvwjg (Ae¯’v †eMwZK †`‡L mviv‡K) ejj, Avgvi Rb¨
Avj−vni Kv‡Q †`vÔAv Ki, Avwg †Zvgvi †Kvb ¶wZ Kie bv| ZLb mviv (Zvi
Rb¨) Avj−vni Kv‡Q †`vÔAv Ki‡jb| d‡j †m gyw³ †cj| AZtci †m wØZxqevi
Zuv‡K aivi Rb¨ nvZ evovj| ZLb †m c~‡e©i b¨vq wKsev AviI KwVbfv‡e
cvKovI nj| GeviI †m ejj, Avgvi Rb¨ Avj−vni Kv‡Q †`vÔAv Ki, Avwg
†Zvgvi †Kvb Awbó Kie bv| myZivs mviv AveviI Avj−vni Kv‡Q †`vÔAv Ki‡jb|
d‡j †m gyw³ †cj| ZLb ivRv Zvi GKRb `v‡ivqvb‡K †W‡K ejj, †Zvgiv †Zv
Avgvi Kv‡Q †Kvb gvbyl‡K Avbwb; eis †Zvgiv Avgvi Kv‡Q GKwU kqZvb‡K
G‡bQ| Gici †m mvivi †L`g‡Zi Rb¨ Ônv‡RivÕ (bvgK GKRb igYx)-†K `vb
Kij| AZtci mviv Beivnx‡gi Kv‡Q wd‡i Avm‡jb, ZLbI wZwb ùvwo‡q QvjvZ
cowQ‡jb| (Qvjv‡Zi g‡a¨B) nv‡Zi Bkvivq mviv‡K wR‡Ám Ki‡jb, NUbv wK?
mviv ej‡jb, Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv Kvwd‡ii Pµvš— ZviB e‡¶ cvëv wb‡¶c K‡i‡Qb
(A_©vr bm¨vr K‡i w`‡q‡Qb) Ges †m Avgvi †L`g‡Zi Rb¨ nv‡Riv‡K `vb
K‡i‡Q| Avey ûivqivn (ivt) nv`xQwU eY©bv K‡i ej‡jb, †n AvKv‡ki cvwbi mš—
72 †K eo jvfevb
vb! A_©vr AvieevmxMY! GB nv‡RivB †Zvgv‡ì Avw` gvZv (gyËvdvK¡ AvjvBn, evsjv
wgkKvZ nv/5460)|
! 7(; 3 H 3 7, ! 7(; : d7e cL <"> Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
6( ` 2 6( C 5( X <G & .Y ><H -( ~ 7$ & ? Y 7 05 qP 9 O( 0 6( ` # 5( X( . _(7>
Z( (O ? c M 3 3 9 & -( ! ( 6( , . k(5( t "* -( c 3 Xs -( 3
d(7; & c ` - ? >-( 0 D <` -( c *g5( c m9# c MJ A( D ( Z( (C5( 0( T H . > r c ` -
p ((C5( cJ7S D kb > D p
(C5( 0( _ (C5( ! ( 0 6( , . k(5( ~ ( 1 ( Y ] } . k(&
c> 7(; & 7J D (75( c H V d(7; c H 5( p "S -( ? , ? p " N p "B & > 0 7
X( 9 3 -( $ > # <; q( $ 7(, -( Z( (O ; k(& Z( (O ! 7H |
B( . d> 5( 5(A&
Z CD cJ7S D kb> D p (C5( 0( _ (O > r 6( , . k5( ! 7(O( c 3 Z (C9 p $ 9 & > 0 7 p ((O Z( (O
c> 7(; & 7J D (75( cH V d(7; c H 5( p "S -( ? , ? p " N p "B & > 0 7
X( 9 3 -( Z( (O q( $ 7(, -( Z( (O $ > # <; Z( (O ! 7H | B( . d> 5( 5A( & (M3
Z( (C5( q m(m c5 -( q m c5 6( , . k5( ! 7(O( c 3 Z (C5( p $ 9 & > 0 7 p ((C5(
! 7(; 3 d( p H 5( H N 3U; -( 3 d( 3H . =(U c> ( 7& , . -(
@XP # _ # ` -( 5(A& p <B( F -( ' -( p ((C5( _(7>
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, bex Kixg (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Beivnxg
(Avt) mviv‡K m‡½ wb‡q wnRiZ Ki‡jb Ges Ggb GK Rbc‡` cÖ‡ek Ki‡jb,
†hLv‡b GK ev`kvn wQj, A_ev ej‡jb, GK AZ¨vPvix kvmK wQj| Zv‡K ejv
n‡jv †h, Beivnxg (bvgK GK e¨w³) GK cigv my›ìx bvix‡K wb‡q (Avgv‡ì
GLv‡b) cÖ‡ek K‡i‡Q| †m ZLb Zuvi wbKU †jvK cvwV‡q wR‡Ám Kij, †n
Beivnxg! †Zvgvi m‡½ G bvix †K? wZwb ej‡jb, Avgvi †evb| AZtci wZwb
mvivi wbKU wd‡i G‡m ej‡jb, Zzwg Avgvi K_v wg_¨v g‡b K‡iv bv| Avwg
Zv‡ì‡K e‡jwQ †h, Zzwg Avgvi †evb| Avj−vni kc_! `ywbqv‡Z (GLb) Zzwg Avi
Avwg e¨ZxZ Avi †KD gywgb †bB| myZivs Avwg I Zzwg Øxwb fvB †evb| Gici
Beivnxg (Avt) (ev`kvni wb‡`©‡k) mviv‡K ev`kvni wbKU cvwV‡q w`‡jb|
ev`kvn Zuvi w`‡K AMÖmi nj| mviv Ih~ K‡i `yÕivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`v‡q ùvwo‡q
†K eo jvfevb 73
†M‡jb Ges G †`vÔAv Ki‡jb, †n Avj−vn! AvwgI †Zvgvi Dci Ges †Zvgvi
ivm~‡ji Dci Cgvb G‡bwQ Ges Avgvi ¯^vgx e¨ZxZ mKj n‡Z Avgvi j¾v¯’v‡bi
msi¶Y K‡iwQ| Zzwg GB Kvwdi‡K Avgvi Dci ¶gZv wÌ bv| ZLb ev`kvn
†eûuk n‡q c‡o gvwU‡Z cv‡qi AvNvZ Ki‡Z jvMj| ZLb mviv ej‡jb, †n
Avj−vn! G hw` gviv hvq, Z‡e †jv‡K ej‡e, ¯¿x‡jvKwU G‡K nZ¨v K‡i‡Q| ZLb
†m msÁv wd‡i †cj| Gfv‡e `yÕevi ev wZbev‡ii ci ev`kvn ejj, Avj−vni
kc_! †Zvgiv †Zv Avgvi wbKU GK kqZvb‡K cvwV‡qQ| G‡K Beivnx‡gi wbKU
wdwi‡q `vI Ges Zvi Rb¨ nv‡Riv‡K nvw`qv ¯îƒc `vb Ki| mviv (ivt) Beivnxg
(Avt)-Gi wbKU wd‡i G‡m ej‡jb, Avcwb Rv‡bb wK, Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv Kvwdi‡K
jw¾Z I wbivk K‡i‡Qb Ges †m GK euv`x nvw`qv wnmv‡e w`‡q‡QÕ (eyLvix
nv/2217)|
†hme ¯’v‡b `yÕivKÔAvZ bdj QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv fvj

1. Avj−vni wbKU ¶gv cvIqvi Avkvq `yÕivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq K‡i ¶gv cÖv_©bv
Kiv fvj| ¸bvn Kivi ci GBfv‡e ¶gv cÖv_©bv Ki‡j Avj−vn Zv‡K ¶gv Ki‡eb|
gnvb Avj−vn e‡jb, ( ,
(5 F B( ( 0 -( $ 7(( -( qP i
(5 7 5( ( 9M
@ 0 M ÔAvi hviv hLb †Kvb ¸bv‡ni KvR K‡i A_ev wb‡R‡ì cÖwZ hyjyg K‡i,
ZLb Zviv Avj−vn‡K Wv‡K Ges wb‡R‡ì ¸bvni Rb¨ ¶gv cÖv_©bv K‡iÕ (Av‡j Bgivb
135)| Ggb e¨w³‡K Avj−vn ¶gv K‡ib|
Z( ,. p $ , Z( (O s A& -( h # e s A& -( c "r(#> Z( (O ! "; : c b . cn 7; ;
9 > r c 7JS
9 > r 0> U( 5( _ C 9 > r =<( f
M& 9 6s H . Z C 9 7, ! 7(; : d7e

@! ( : ( ( / F
Avjx (ivt) e‡jb, Avgv‡K Avey eKi (ivt) e‡j‡Qb, wZwb mZ¨B e‡j‡Qb| wZwb
e‡j‡Qb, Avwg ivm~j (Qvt)-†K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ †h †Kvb e¨w³ hLb †Kvb ¸bvn K‡i
AZtci D‡V Ih~ K‡i Ges (`yÕivKÔAvZ) bdj QvjvZ Av`vq K‡i Zvici Avj−vni
wbKU ¶gv cÖv_©bv K‡i wbðqB Avj−vn Ggb e¨w³i ¸bvn ¶gv K‡i †`bÕ (wZiwghx,
nv`xQ Qnxn, wgkKvZ nv/1324, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1248)| Ggb e¨w³i cÖwZ Avj−vn Lykx n‡q
ingZ el©Y K‡ib|
74 †K eo jvfevb
2. †h †Kvb ¸i“Z¡c~Y© KvR Dcj‡¶ `yB ivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq K‡i GK we‡kl
wbq‡g cÖv_©bv Kiv fvj| hv‡K G‡¯—Lvivi QvjvZ e‡j| Giƒc cÖv_©bvq we‡kl
Kj¨vY wbwnZ Av‡Q|
c5 X( . I, "$ 7J 9 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . ( (B Z( (O # <; H ;
B& . T B( 7& 5( k(& B # -( > 3 ( Z C 9 NC & X( . L "$ 7J 9 $B( 07JB . k&
? k(, -( ? D. # C ~ . # C& , -( ? $ 7& ~ I
, -( c * > 0 7 6& C > r q 8 9 ( & (
& > 0 7 Qj & _ 4 ; p -( 7(; -( /( 7( D . # O& -( /( . # C& D ? >g5( K & ? 78 5(
6 H ; c 5 Z( (O -( 1 -( q <O; c c "92 c 5 c Y ` k(& (M3 -( 7( D p "B
c "92 c 5 c k(& (M3 -( 7( D p "B & ! 5 c ~ . > r c * 5( ! 7H N 1 -(
. # O& ! "; c "5& e
c "*; ! 5& e (5 ! 7H N 1 -( 6 H ; c 5 Z( (O -( 1 -( q <O; c
@! c "b . -( > r ( (B w I & c
Rvwei (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) Avgv‡ì‡K mKj Kv‡R Avj−vni wbKU Kj¨vY
PvIqvi wbqg I †`vÔAv wk¶v w`‡Zb, †hfv‡e Avgv‡ì‡K KziAv‡bi m~iv wk¶v
w`‡Zb| wZwb ej‡Zb, hLb †Zvgv‡ì †KD †Kvb Kv‡Ri B”Qv Ki‡e, ZLb †m
†hb dih Qvov `yÕivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq K‡i| AZtci e‡j, ~
I
, -( c * > 0 7
@! c "b
. -( > r ( (B w
I
& c . # O& ... †n Avj−vn! Avwg †Zvgvi wbKU
†Zvgvi Áv‡bi mvnv‡h¨ GB wel‡qi fvj w`K cÖv_©bv KiwQ Ges †ZvgviB ¶gZvi
mvnv‡h¨ †Zvgvi wbKU GB KvR AR©‡bi ¶gZv Pvw”Q| Avi Avwg Pvw”Q †Zvgvi
wbKU †Zvgvi eo AbyMÖn| †Kbbv Zzwg ¶gZv ivL, Avwg ivwL bv| Zzwg GB Kv‡Ri
fvj-g›` Rvb, Avwg Rvwb bv| Zzwg A`„‡kï me wKQy Rvb| †n Avj−vn! Zzwg hw`
Rvb †h, GB welqwU Avgvi Rb¨, Avgvi Øx‡bi Rb¨, Avgvi Rxeb avi‡Yi e¨vcv‡i
I Avgvi BnKvj I ciKv‡j e¨vcv‡i fvj n‡e, Zvn‡j Zzwg Zv Avgvi Rb¨ wba©viY
Ki| Avi Zv AR©b Kiv Avgvi Rb¨ mnR K‡i `vI| AZtci Avgvi Rb¨ †m
Kv‡R eiKZ `vb Ki| Avi Zzwg hw` g‡b Ki †h, welqwU Avgvi Rb¨ AKj¨vYKi
n‡e, Avgvi Øx‡bi e¨vcv‡i Ges Avgvi BnKvj I ciKv‡ji e¨vcv‡i Zvn‡j Zzwg
Zv Avgvi †_‡K `~‡i ivL Ges Avgv‡KI †m KvR n‡Z wegyL ivL| Zvici Avgvi
†K eo jvfevb 75
Rb¨ fvj wba©viY Ki †hLv‡b m¤¢e, †hfv‡e m¤¢e| Gici Zzwg Avgv‡K †m Kv‡Ri
Dci mš‘ó ivLÕ (eyLvix, wgkKvZ nv/1323, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1247)|
AÎ nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, †h †Kvb Kv‡Ri cÖ_‡g `yÕivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq
K‡i KvR Kj¨vYKi n‡j Zv mn‡R mgvav Kivi ¶gZv Ges Zv‡Z eiKZ cÖv_©bv
Kiv DwPZ Ges KvR AKj¨vYKi n‡j Zv n‡Z `~‡i nIqvi cv_©bv Kiv DwPZ|
3. †h †Kvb mg‡q gmwR‡` cÖ‡ek K‡i `yÕivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv hiƒix|
QvjvZ Av`vq bv K‡i emv hv‡e bv| D‡j−L¨, gmwR‡ì bv‡g `yÕivKÔAvZ n‡Z n‡e
GgbwU hiƒix bq| †h †Kvb QvjvZ n‡Z cv‡i| A_©vr emvi c~‡e© †Kvb bv †Kvb
QvjvZ n‡Z n‡e|
B # -( 6( ` 2 ( 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . Z( O( Z( O( ! "; : c b
. X( 2 O( c -( ;
@ B& . d 7JS
9 d> u 7G
9 4( 5( # G $ &
Avey K¡vZv`v (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†Zvgv‡ì †KD hLb gmwR‡`
cÖ‡ek K‡i, ZLb †m †hb `yÕivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq bv Kiv ch©š— bv e‡mÕ (eyLvix,
gymwjg, wiqvhyQ Qv‡jnxb nv/1144; wgkKvZ nv/704)|
Z( (C5( # G
$ & c5 3 7, ! 7(; : d7e
c> <"> p
D-( Z( O( ! "; : c b
. s H ;
@ B& . 6J e

Rvwei (ivt) e‡jb, Avwg bex Kixg (Qvt)-Gi wbKU Avmjvg, ZLb wZwb gmwR‡`
wQ‡jb| wZwb ej‡jb, `yÕivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq KiÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wiqvhyQ Qv‡jnxb
nv/1145; wgkKvZ nv/704)| cÖKvk _v‡K †h, QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv wbwl× mg‡q gmwR‡`
cÖ‡ek Ki‡jI QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv e¨ZxZ emv hv‡e bv| KviY G n‡”Q gmwR‡ì
nK¡, hv †h †Kvb mg‡q Av`vq Kiv Avek¨K|
4. mdi †_‡K G‡m cÖ_‡g gmwR‡` cÖ‡ek K‡i `yÕivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq K‡i
evox‡Z Avmv fvj| G‡Z mdi I evoxi Kj¨vY Kvgbv Kiv n‡e|
=.0 / s ( , _ # C& 9 /( ( (B 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z( , . -( ? s f B( ;
@! 5 u 7(H > r B& . ! 5 d7S
5( # G
$ & -(# _ # O( (g5( d%8
L c5
76 †K eo jvfevb
KvÔe Beby gvwjK (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) hLbB mdi †_‡K evwo‡Z Avm‡Zb,
ZLbB w`‡bi cÖ_g fv‡M Avm‡Zb| cÖ_‡g wZwb gmwR‡` cÖ‡ek Ki‡Zb| †mLv‡b
`yÕivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡Zb| Zvici gmwR‡` e‡m wKQy¶Y A‡c¶v Ki‡ZbÕ
(eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/705)|
5. Ih~ K‡i `yÕivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv fvj| G‡Z Avj−vni mš‘wó AR©b Kiv hvq|
Z C 9 7, !(7; d7e Z( , . p $ , Z( (O ! "; : c b . t 2. #> c-( ;
B& MJ > 0 5 %
9 6W 0 , ?
L i
9 = . -( -( B& . d7S
5( _ (O > r QFt b & k(5( k(b
> D
@! ( F ( , > r
i
I &
Avey `vi`v (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, Avwg ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt)-†K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ,
†h e¨w³ DËgiƒ‡c Ih~ K‡i `yÕivKÔAvZ ev Pvi ivKÔAvZ (ivex mvnj m‡›`n
K‡ib) QvjvZ Av`vq Kij, hv‡Z †m whKi I bgªZv Aej¤^b Kij, AZtci
Avj−vni wbK‡U ¶gv cÖv_©bv Kij, Avj−vn Zv‡K ¶gv K‡i †`bÕ (AvZ-ZviMxe IqvZ
Zvinxe nv/346)|
c ^ b
k(b > D 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . ( $m&; ;
@! <( _ #> C( D ! ( ts c i
$0 5 ! & {
#* %
9 ( B& . c 7JS
9 > r (M3
IQgvb (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) Ih~i we¯—vwiZ weeiY †`qvi ci ej‡jb, Ô†h
e¨w³ Avgvi GB Ih~i b¨vq Ih~ Ki‡e AZtci `yÕivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡e
hv‡Z †m Avj−vni a¨vb Qvov Ab¨ †Kvb welq fv‡e bv, Zvn‡j Zvi AZx‡Zi mg¯—
¸bvn ¶gv Kiv n‡eÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/287; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/267)|
6. Avhv‡bi ci `yÕivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv fvj| †hme Avg‡ji wewbg‡q
gvbyl ciKv‡j eo jvfevb n‡e Avhv‡bi ci `yÕivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Zvi Ab¨Zg|
QWX4
(e (-( 6J B 7, ! 7(; : d7e cL <"> Z( (O :Z( (O 6s # <; ;
@tF $ q m(m c5 Z( (O > r XW 4
(e (-( 6J B
Avãyj−vn Beby gyMvd&dvj (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb,
cÖ‡Z¨K Avhvb I BK¡vg‡Zi g‡a¨ QvjvZ i‡q‡Q, cÖ‡Z¨K Avhvb I BK¡vg‡Zi g‡a¨
QvjvZ i‡q‡Q| AZtci Z…Zxqev‡i e‡jb, †h B”Qv K‡iÕ (gyËvdvK¡ AvjvBn, wgkKvZ
†K eo jvfevb 77
$ Z( C( 5( /P 4
( ; # 5( 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . R <e -( Z( (O ! "; : c b
. X( # 9 ;
Z( , . 9 Z( (O c -( ?
i Ii ` p $ , /
l O( q( ">G
& p 7& ` 2 Qq">G
& d( c"C& <,
@ B& . p
7e l O( p -(
eyivq`v (ivt) e‡jb, GK`v ivm~j (Qvt) mKv‡j D‡V †ejvj (ivt)-†K WvK‡jb
Ges ej‡jb, †ejvj †Kvb Avg‡ji Kvi‡Y Zzwg Avgvi c~‡e© Rvbœv‡Z †cuŠQ‡j? Avwg
hLbB Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek Kwi ZLbB Avgvi m¤§y‡L †Zvgvi RyZvi kã ïb‡Z cvB|
ZLb †ejvj (ivt) ej‡jb, †n Avj−vni ivm~j (Qvt)! Avwg hLbB Avhvb †`B,
ZLbB `yÕivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Kwi| Avi hLbB Avgvi Ih~ bó n‡q hvq, ZLbB
Ih~ Kwi Ges g‡b Kwi Avj−vni D‡Ï‡k¨ Avgv‡K `yÕivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡Z
n‡eÕ (wZiwghx, nv`xQ Qnxn, wgkKvZ nv/1326; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1250)|
7. RygÔAvi w`b Lyrev ïi“ n‡q †M‡jI Kg‡m Kg `yÕivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡Z
n‡e|
3 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . # <; H ;
@$0 5 V > G
& B& . T B( 7& 5( f
U I
9 _ g& q $ G
& _ 9 B # -( tF H ( f
U I
9
Rvwei (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) Lyrev †Ìqvi mgq ej‡jb, hLb †Zvgv‡ì †Kvb
e¨w³ Bgv‡gi Lyrev †`qvi mgq Av‡m ZLb †m †hb msw¶ßfv‡e `yÕivKÔAvZ
QvjvZ Av`vq K‡i †bqÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1411; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1327)| RygÔAvi
Lyrev PjvKvjxbI `yÕivKÕAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv e¨ZxZ emv hv‡e bv|
8. GkivK, PvkZ I AvIqvexb wZb bv‡g GK QvjvZ| mvaviYZ mKv‡ji w`‡K
GB QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv n‡j gvbyl Zv‡K GkivK e‡j| Avi GKUz †ìx K‡i
10/11-Uvi w`‡K Av`vq Ki‡j gvbyl Zv‡K PvkZ ev AvIqvexb e‡j| cÖKvk _v‡K
†h, gvMwi‡ei ci Qq ivKÔAvZ Qvjv‡Zi bvg AvIqvexb e‡j †Kvb nv`xQ †bB|
gvMwi‡ei ci Qq ivKÔAvZ QvjvZ covi cÖgv‡Y ewY©Z nv`xQwU wbZvš—B hCd|
6J B d(7; R <S 9 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . .n ( c -( ;
qW O(# e
qs 7(70 D 6l B qW O(# e
Xs # $ %
D 6l B qW O(# e
qs % < D 6l A 5( qW O(# e B # -( d(7,
? ( © [ G 9 qW O(# e A( "$ & ; cY 0 qW O(# e
x $ & Y -( qW O(# e
Xs <A& D 6l B
@d%8 L $0 B( 9 B& .
78 †K eo jvfevb
Avey hvi wMdvix (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, mKvj nIqv gvÎB †Zvgv‡ì
cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki cÖ‡Z¨K MÖwš’i Rb¨ GKwU K‡i Qv`vKv Kiv hiƒix| Z‡e †Zvgv‡ì
cÖ‡Z¨K Zvmexn GKwU Qv`vKv, cÖ‡Z¨K Zvngx` GKwU Qv`vKv, cÖ‡Z¨K Zvnjxj
GKwU Qv`vKv, cÖ‡Z¨K ZvKexi GKwU Qv`vKv, mr Kv‡Ri Av‡`k GKwU Qv`vKv
Ges Amr KvR n‡Z wb‡laI GKwU Qv`vKv| Aek¨ Pvk‡Zi mgq `yB ivKÔAvZ
QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv mg‡¯—i Rb¨ h‡_óÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1236)| cÖKvk _v‡K †h,
Pvk‡Zi QvjvZ 4 ivKÔAvZ ev 8 ivKÔAvZI cov hvq|
gyqvhwhb ev Avhvb`vZv I DËi`vZv
hviv Bev`Z K‡i eo †bKxi AwaKvix nq, gyqvhwhb Zv‡ì GKRb| Avhvb
†Ìqvi wewbgq Rvnvbœvg n‡Z gyw³ I RvbœvZ jvf| wK¡qvg‡Zi gq`v‡b eo
m¤§v‡bi AwaKvix n‡eb| gvbyl wRb I c„w_exi mKj e¯‘ wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b
gyqvhwh‡bi Rb¨ Kj¨v‡Yi mv¶x w`‡e|
T $ 9 /( 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b
. 1> . # I & #s , ;
@q C _ 9 ! ( # 0 / Qtc /( QYu /( QH J ] $ & '
e #
Avey mvC` Lyìx (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h †Kvb gvbyl I wRb A_ev
†h †Kvb e¯‘ gyqvhwh‡bi KÉ ïb‡e †m wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b Zvi Rb¨ mv¶¨ w`‡eÕ (eyLvix,
AÎ nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, c„w_exi mKj e¯‘ wKqvg‡Zi w`b gyqvhwh‡bi Rb¨
Kj¨vY PvB‡e| Rvnvbœvg n‡Z gyw³ Ges RvbœvZ jv‡fi Rb¨ Avj−vni wbKU `vex
Rvbv‡e|
7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . & $ ; # <; ;
d7e XP 4(e c> 7(; d7e ! >g5( c> 7(; 7le > r Z C 9 6( m& C 5( ( J ] $ & $ , (
/ c <"D /( q ">G
& c5 qW ([ " 0>g5( q( 7(, & c 6 H [> ; F 7, > r Q=i ; 0 ! 7(; :
! 7(; p 7 q( 7(, & c F Z( k(, $ 5( 3 -( ( B -( & -( H. -( d(D 2 <; #s <
@q ; (i>
Ave`yj−vn Beby Avgi Be‡b AvQ (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔhLb †Zvgiv
gyqvhwhb‡K Avhvb w`‡Z ïb‡e, ZLb Zvi RIqv‡e ej gyqvhwhb hv e‡j| AZtci
†K eo jvfevb 79
Avgvi Dci ìƒ` co| †Kbbv †h Avgvi Dci GKevi ìƒ` c‡o Avj−vn Zvi
Dci `kevi ingZ el©Y K‡ib| Zvici Avgvi Rb¨ Avj−vni wbKU ÔIqvmxjvÕ
PvI| Avi Zv n‡”Q Rvbœv‡Zi GKwU D”P gh©v`v m¤úbœ ¯’vb| hv Avj−vni ev›`v‡ì
g‡a¨ gvÎ GKRb ev›`vi Rb¨ Dc‡hvMx| Avwg Avkv Kwi AvwgB †mB ev›`v| †h
e¨w³ Avgvi Rb¨ ÔIqvmxjvÕ PvB‡e Zvi Rb¨ Avgvi kvdvÔAvZ hiƒix n‡q hv‡eÕ
(gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/657; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/606)|
: <B& -( : J ] $ & Z( (O ( 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . $ ; ;
! ( ( & -( # 0 -( Z( (O : ! ( ( & -( # 0 -( Z( (O > r Q <B& -( : <B& -( : B # -( Z( (C5( <B& -(
d(7; c> Z( (O > r Q Z , .> =#$> % -( # 0 -( Z( (O Z , .> =#$> % -( # 0 -( Z( (O > r Q:
Q / X( > O /( Z( /( Z( (O 4 ( ( & d7(; c> Z( (O > r Q X( > O /( Z( /( Z( (O X 4 (S>
: / ! ( /( Z( (O : / ! ( /( Z( (O > r Q <B& -( : <B& -( : Z( (O <B& -( : <B& -( : Z( (O > r
@q( ">G & 6( ` 2 ! <7& O(
Igi (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, hLb gyqvhwhb e‡j ÔAvj−vû AvKevi,
Avj−vû AvKeviÕ hw` †Zvgv‡ì †KD e‡j ÔAvj−vû AvKevi, Avj−vû AvKeviÕ,
AZtci hLb gyqvhwhb e‡j ÔAvknv`y Avj-jv Bjvnv Bj−vj−vnÕ †mI e‡j ÔAvknv`y
Avj-jv Bjvnv Bj−vj−vnÕ, gyqvhwhb e‡j ÔAvknv`y Avbœv gynv¤§v`vi ivm~jyj−vnÕ †mI
e‡j ÔAvknv`y Avbœv gynv¤§v`vi ivm~jyj−vnÕ, Gici gyqvhwhb e‡j, ÔnvBqv AvjvQ
QvjvnÕ †m e‡j Ôjv nvIjv Iqvjv KzIqvZv Bj−v wej−vnÕ, cybivq hLb gyqvhwhb e‡j
ÔnvBqv Avjvj dvjvnÕ †m e‡j Ôjv nvIjv Iqvjv KzIqvZv Bj−v wej−vnÕ, c‡i hLb
gyqvhwhb e‡j ÔAvj−vû AvKevi, Avj−vû AvKeviÕ †mI e‡j ÔAvj−vû AvKevi, Avj−vû
AvKeviÕ| AZtci hLb gyqvhwhb e‡j Ôjv Bjvnv Bj−vj−vnÕ †mI e‡j Ôjv Bjvnv
Bj−vj−vnÕ| Avi GB evK¨¸wj g‡b-cÖv‡Y fq-fxwZ wb‡q e‡j Zvn‡j †m Rvbœv‡Z
hv‡eÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/658; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/607)|
AÎ nv`xQ `yÕwU Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, gyqvhwh‡bi mv‡_ mv‡_ †kªvZv‡KI RIqve
w`‡Z n‡e| Avi nvBq¨v Avjv Øq e¨ZxZ gyqvhwhb I †kªvZvi kã GKB n‡e|
Avhvb †k‡l ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi cÖwZ ìƒ` co‡Z n‡e| Rvbœv‡Zi gh©v`vc~Y© myD”P
¯’vb ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi Rb¨ PvB‡Z n‡e| g‡b-cÖv‡Y AvMÖn mnKv‡i Avhv‡bi RIqve
w`‡Z n‡e| hvi wewbgq RvbœvZ|
80 †K eo jvfevb
T $ 9 Z( (O 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . s H ;
Q(q7(8
( Q(q7(, P#>$%
' N Qq$ ^(C X 4 (S > Qq> > X ; #> M 3 j > . > 0 7 tF #"*
@q C _ 9 c ; ( ! ( p
7 Q!D# ; 1 M P2 $ %
> P (C ! m&
Rvwei (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h e¨w³ Avhvb ï‡b ej‡e, j
> . > 0 7
P (C ! m& Q(q7(8 ( Q(q7(, P#>$%
'
N Qq$ ^(C X 4
(S> Qq> > X ; #> M 3
Q!D# ; 1 M P2 $ %
Ô†n GB c~Y© AvnŸvb I cÖwZwôZ Qvjv‡Zi cÖwZcvjK! Avcwb
gynv¤§v` (Qvt)-†K D”P gh©v`v `vb Ki“b Ges cÖksmbxq ¯’v‡b Zuv‡K AwawôZ
Ki“b| hvi Iqv`v Avcwb K‡i‡Qb| wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b Zvi Rb¨ Avgvi kvdvÔAvZ
hiƒix n‡q hv‡eÕ (eyLvix, wgkKvZ nv/659; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/608)|
cÖKvk _v‡K †h, †KD †KD AÎ nv`x‡Q `yÕwU Ask e„w× K‡i‡Q- 1. q( 5 > q( H
. #> (
2. 2 $ & z
7I
D/( ?
> G `yÕwU As‡ki †Kvb wfwË †bB (Avjevbx, ZvnK¡xK¡ wgkKvZ, UxKv
bs 2)| AZGe D³ evK¨vsk `yÕwU ejv †_‡K mveavb n‡Z n‡e|
T 7(y( ( 9 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . ( (B Z( (O ! "; : c b . ? s u -( ;
<B& -( : Z C 9 4P H . T $ 5( . (-( / ? -( =(-( T $ , & g5( ( (k(& T $ 9 ( (B G
( &
! ( ( & -( # 0 -( Z( (O > r X U& & d(7; 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (C5( <B& -( :
. >" p H ` 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (C5( : ! ( ( & -( # 0 -( :
@=[ c ; . 3 (g5( K( "5(
Avbvm (ivt) e‡jb, bex Kixg (Qvt) dR‡ii mgq kÎ“‡ì cÖwZ AvµgY Pvjv‡Zb
Ges Avhvb ïbvi Rb¨ Kvb †c‡Z _vK‡Zb| hw` Avhvb ïb‡Zb Zvn‡j AvµgY
n‡Z weiZ _vK‡Zb| Ab¨_v AvµgY Pvjv‡Zb| GK`v GK e¨w³‡K Avj−vû
AvKevi Avj−vû AvKevi ej‡Z ïb‡jb, ZLb ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb, Zzwg Bmjv‡gi
Dci AvQ| AZtci †jvKwV ejj, ÔAvknv`y Avj jv Bjvnv Bj−vj−vnÕ ZLb ivm~j
(Qvt) ej‡jb, Zzwg Rvnvbœvg †_‡K gyw³ jvf Ki‡j| AZtci QvnvexMY †mB
gyqvhwh‡bi w`‡K j¶¨ Ki‡jb, †`L‡jb †m GKRb ivLvjÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/660;
†K eo jvfevb 81
†gvUK_v GKv n‡jI Avhvb †`qv mybœvZ| gv‡V-Nv‡U †h †Kvb ¯’v‡b Avhvb w`‡q
QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv mybœvZ| Avhv‡bi cÖwZ`vb Rvnvbœvg †_‡K gyw³ I RvbœvZ jvf|
Z( (O 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . s O c -( # , ;
# <; P#>$%
- Q!( ? 9 /( # : / !( /( & - # 0 - ( J ] T $ 9
@! <( ! ( QP"92 _ 4, QP/ , . #s $> % $ QP¦. p b . Q! , .
mvÔ` Beby Avey IqvKKvQ (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h e¨w³ gyqvhwh‡bi
Avhvb ï‡b ej‡e, # <; P#>$%
- Q!( ?
9 /( # : / !( /( & - # 0 -
QP"92 _ 4, QP/ , . #s $> %
$ QP¦. p
b
. Q! , . ÔAvwg mv¶¨ w`w”Q †h
Avj−vn e¨ZxZ †Kvb gvÔe~` †bB, wZwb GKK, Zuvi †Kvb kixK †bB Ges gynv¤§v`
(Qvt) Zuvi ev›`v I ivm~j| Avwg Avj−vn‡K cÖwZcvjKiƒ‡c, gynv¤§v` (Qvt)-†K
ivm~jiƒ‡c Ges Bmjvg‡K Øxbiƒ‡c †c‡q mš‘ó n‡qwQ| Zvi mg¯— ¸bvn ¶gv Kiv
n‡eÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/661; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/610)| A_©vr Avhvb †k‡l D³ †`vÔAv
co‡j Zvi mg¯— ¸bvn ¶gv Kiv n‡e|
? L. f G 9 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . s ; q( <C& ; ;
: 6 H [> ; : Z C 5( QdJ7S 9 X 4
(S> J ] 9 Q6<G
7& qs >K v -&. d 5 s "( d;.
! 7& ` 2 -( 1 # < ' ( ( # O( d "* x I9 X 4(S > 7 C 9 J ] 9 (M3 # <; d( K
@q( ">G
&
IK¡ev Beby Av‡gi (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~i (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†Zvgvi cÖwZcvjK Lywk nb
†mB QvM‡ji ivLv‡ji cÖwZ †h GKv ce©ZwkL‡i ùvwo‡q Qvjv‡Zi Avhvb †`q Ges
QvjvZ Av`vq K‡i| ZLb Avj−vn wdwikZvMY‡K †W‡K e‡jb, †Zvgiv Avgvi GB
ev›`v‡K †`L? †m Avhvb †`q I QvjvZ K¡v‡qg K‡i Ges Avgv‡K fq K‡i|
(†Zvgiv mv¶x _vK) Avwg Avgvi ev›`v‡K ¶gv K‡i w`jvg Ges Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek
Kwi‡q w`jvgÕ (Avey`vD`, wgkKvZ nv/665; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/614)|
Avj−vn gyqvhwh‡bi cÖwZ Lywk n‡q Zv‡K ¶gv K‡i †`b Ges RvbœvZevmx K‡ib|
Avi wdwikZvMY‡K Zv Rvbvb|
82 †K eo jvfevb
! ( ( 9 J ] $ & 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
! ( f
A& 9 X (7S > # 3 d7e H -( 6 m& ! ( u
s 9 f s y& . 6l B ! ( # 0 i 9 ! D e #>
@$0 " ! "; A( 9 XP (7e
( i ; > u Y $ `
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ôgyqvhwh‡bi K‡Éi †kl cÖvš—
ch©š— Zv‡K ¶gv Kiv n‡e Ges (wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b) Zvi Kj¨v‡Yi Rb¨ cÖ‡Z¨K mRxe
I wbRx©e e¯‘ mv¶¨ w`‡e Ges GB Avhvb ï‡b hZ †jvK QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡e mevi
mgcwigvY †bKx gyqvhwh‡bi n‡e| Avi †h e¨w³ QvjvZ Av`v‡qi Rb¨ Dcw¯’Z n‡e
Zvi Rb¨ cuwPk Qvjv‡Zi †bKx †jLv n‡e Ges Zvi `yB Qvjv‡Zi g`¨Kvi ¸bvn
¶gv Kiv n‡eÕ (bvmvC, nv/667)|
nv`x‡Qi gg©K_v : gyqvhwhb‡K ¶gv Kiv n‡e cÖ‡Z¨K mRxe I wbRx©e e¯‘
wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b Zvi c‡¶ mv¶¨ w`‡e| GB Qvjv‡Z hZ †jvK Dcw¯’Z n‡e mg¯—
†jv‡Ki mgcwigvY †bKx gyqvhwhb‡K †`qv n‡e| Zvi `yB Iqv‡³i Qvjv‡Zi
ga¨Kvi ¸bvn ¶gv Kiv n‡e Ges Avhvb †k‡l hv PvB‡e Zv †`qv n‡e|
J ] $ & Z( , . 9 6W H . Z( (O : Z( (O ! "; : c b . s$ ; # <; ;
p 0 (g5( ( C 9 $B( 6& O 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . Z( (C5( 0 (k( " 78
& 9
@ ( D 6& 5(
Ave`yj−vn Beby Avgi (ivt) e‡jb, GK †jvK ejj, †n Avj−vni ivm~j (Qvt)!
gyqvhwhbMY Avgv‡ì †P‡q AwaK gh©v`v jvf Ki‡Qb| ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb, ZzwgI
ej †hiƒc Zviv e‡j Ges hLb Avhv‡bi RIqve †`qv †kl n‡e ZLb Avj−vni
wbKU cÖv_©bv Ki, Zvn‡j †Zvgv‡KI cÖ`vb Kiv n‡eÕ (Ave`vE`, nv`wQ Qvnxn, Avjevbx,
ZvnK¡x‡K¡ wgkKvZ nv/673; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/622)| AÎ nv`x‡Q gyQj−xi †P‡q gyqvhwh‡bi
gh©v`v †ekx ejv n‡q‡Q| Z‡e †kªvZv Avhv‡bi RIqve w`‡j †kªvZv‡KI ZvB †`qv
n‡e hv gyqvhwhb‡K †`hv n‡e|
1
2 "9 ZW 4
( _ (C5( 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . T >"B ! "; : c b
. X( 9 3 c - ;
@q( ">G & 6( ` 2 ="C 9 (M3 6( m& Z( (O 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z ,. Z( (O p A( , >$7(5(
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, GK`v Avgiv ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi mv‡_ wQjvg ZLb †ejvj
(ivt) ùvwo‡q Avhvb w`‡Z jvM‡jb| hLb †ejvj (ivt) Avhvb †kl Ki‡jb, ZLb
†K eo jvfevb 83
ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb, †h Aš—‡i wek¦vm wb‡q Gi Abyiƒc ej‡e, †m Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek
Ki‡eÕ (bvmvC, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, ZvnK¡x‡K¡ wgkKvZ nv/676)| AÎ nv`xQ Øviv eySv hvq,
†h †Kvb e¨w³ g‡b-cÖv‡Y fq-fxwZ wb‡q Avš—wiK wek¦v‡mi mv‡_ Avhvb w`‡j A_ev
Avhv‡bi DËi w`‡j †m e¨w³ Rvbœv‡Z hv‡e|
>$7(5( 1 2 "9 ZW 4 ( _ (C5( 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z ,. T >"B Z( (O X( 9 3 c -( ;
. Qq( ">G & 6( ` 2 ="C9 (M3 6( m& Z( (O 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . Z( (O p A( ,
( k(5( qs 7(( ' ( v > ; 7, !(7; d7e Z( ,. -( Qs? u -( ; d79 -
! D2 0 6( m& # 0 Q!((C 6( m& Z( (O : 7, !(7; d7e Z , . Z( (C5( QWZ4 (
.q ">G
& ! 7(5(
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, GK`v Avgiv ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi mv‡_ wQjvg ZLb †ejvj
(ivt) ùvwo‡q Avhvb w`‡Z jvM‡jb| hLb †ejvj (ivt) Avhvb †kl Ki‡jb, ZLb
ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb, †h Aš—‡i wek¦vm wb‡q Gi Abyiƒc ej‡e †m Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek
Ki‡eÕ (bvmvC nv`xQ Qnxn)| Avey BqvÔjv Avbvm (ivt) n‡Z eY©bv K‡ib ivm~j (Qvt)
GK ivwÎ hvcb Ki‡jb| ZLb †ejvj Avhvb w`‡jb| ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) ej‡jb, Ô†h
e¨w³ Zvi (†ejv‡ji) K_vi Abyiƒc ej‡e Ges Zvi mv¶¨ `v‡bi gZ mv¶¨ w`‡e
Zvi Rb¨ RvbœvZÕ (AvZ-ZviMxe IqvZ Zvinxe nv/376, nv`xQ nvmvb)|
X( i
; d "r& ( -( Z( O( 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z( , . -( ! "; : c b . $ ; ;
( r4
( r( ! (Og qP " ( L, Xs > 6J B c 5 ! "9 k& ! ( f
B q ">G
& ! ( p
<H qP ",
@qP "
Beby Igi (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h evi eQi Avhvb †`q Zvi
Rb¨ RvbœvZ wba©vwiZ n‡q hvq Ges Zvi cÖ‡Z¨K Avhv‡bi wewbg‡q lvU †bKx Ges
GK¡vg‡Zi wewbg‡q wÎk †bKx AwZwi³ †jLv nqÕ (Beby gvRvn, nv`xQ Qnxn, wmjwmjv
Qnxnvn nv/727)| cÖKvk _v‡K †h, mvZ eQi Avhvb w`‡j Rvnvbœvg †_‡K gyw³ cv‡e
g‡g© ewY©Z nv`xQwU hCd (Avjevbx, ZvnK¡xK¡ wgkKvZ nv/664)|
p
%
5 X 4
(S> 1
2 ( : Z( (O 7, !(7; d7e
c> <"> -( Qs? u -( ;
@t: ;#L f
G , Qt$> j
-(
84 †K eo jvfevb
Avbvm (ivt) e‡jb, bex Kixg (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔhLb Qvjv‡Zi Rb¨ Avhvb †`qv
nq, ZLb AvKv‡ki ìRv mg~n Ly‡j †`qv nq Ges †`vÔAv Keyj Kiv nqÕ (wmjwmjv
Qnxnvn nv/531, 1414)| AÎ nv`xQ Øviv eySv hvq †h Qvjv‡Zi Rb¨ Avhvb †`qv n‡j
Avj−vni ing‡Zi ìRv Ly‡j hvq Ges G mgq †`vÔAv Keyj Kiv nq| GRb¨
Avhvb †k‡l g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i Avš—wiK wek¦v‡mi mv‡_ †`vÔAv Kiv DwPZ|
¨
G
& t C( & # "; t ; #L q( H <7y& Z( O( 7, ! 7(; d7e c> <"> ; Zs % A& ;
@ U( $ & Z [ X 4
(S> q O(
gvKn~j (ivt) e‡jb, bex Kixg (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†Zvgiv †`vÔAv Key‡ji mgq Lyu‡R
†ei K‡i †`vÔAv Ki (1) hy‡×i mgq †`vÔAv Keyj nq (2) Qvjv‡Zi Rb¨ GK¡vgZ
†`qvi mgq †`vÔAv Keyj nq (3) e„wó el©‡Yi mgq †`vÔAv Keyj nqÕ (wmjwmjv Qnxnvn
nv/541, 1469)| GB mgq¸wj‡Z †`vÔAv Kiv DwPZ| we‡kl K‡i Avhvb I
GK¡vg‡Zi mgq gyqvhwhb I †kªvZvi †`vÔAv Kiv AZxe ¸i“Z¡c~Y© welq|
v >" 7( 9 ( 7, !(7; d7e Z ,. Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
( $ 7( 9 ( Q $ 0 , /( ! 7(; $ 0 9 & -( / # G
9 ( > r QZ> F z * S t #"* c5
@=< ( $3 DF R <S L q $ & c5 ( $ 7( 9 ( Q!( C <, /( G 0 > c5
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ôhw` gvbyl RvbZ Avhvb †`qv
Ges QvjvZ Av`v‡qi Rb¨ cÖ_g mvwi‡Z ùvov‡bvi g‡a¨ wK †bKx i‡q‡Q, Zvn‡j
jUvix Kiv e¨ZxZ Zv‡ì †Kvb Dcvq _vKZ bv| Avi hw` Zviv RvbZ cÖ_g mg‡q
QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv‡Z wK †bKx i‡q‡Q, Zvn‡j Zviv A‡bï Av‡M †cuŠQvi AvcÖvY
†Pó KiZ| Avi hw` Zviv RvbZ Gkv I dRi Qvjv‡Zi g‡a¨ wK †bKx i‡q‡Q,
Zvn‡j Zviv GB QvjvZ Av`v‡qi Rb¨ nvgv¸wo w`‡q n‡jI AvmZÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg,
AÎ nv`x‡Q K‡qKwU wel‡qi cÖwZ Lye ¸i“Z¡ †ck Kiv n‡q‡Q| Zvi g‡a¨ GKwU
n‡”Q gvbyl hw` RvbZ Avhvb †`qv‡Z wK †bKx i‡q‡Q, Zvn‡j mevB Avhvb w`‡Z
PvBZ| AZtci jUvix †`qv e¨ZxZ †Kvb Dcvq _vKZ bv|
X 4
(S> 7 1 2 ( 7, ! 7(; d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b
. X( 9 3 c -( ;
j * r ( d> Q(6<O& -( t: #"* c 8 O (g5( Q9 k& > T $ 9 /( d> W b
! ( (Ui > 2 -(
†K eo jvfevb 85
B & Z C 9 Q! & t $ & U I
9 d> Q(6<O& -( f
9 m&> c 8 O ( d> Q2 -( X 4 (S>
@d7e B( 1 . # 9 /( 6 H > 6 K( 9 d> B M& 9 A 9 ( $ Q(MB( B & Q(MB(
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔhLb Qvjv‡Zi Rb¨ Avhvb †`qv
nq, kqZvb evqy Qvo‡Z Qvo‡Z cvjv‡Z _v‡K hv‡Z †m Avhvb ïb‡Z bv cvq|
AZtci hLb Avhvb †kl n‡q hvq, †m wd‡i Av‡m| Avevi hLb GK¡vgZ †`qv nq
†m wcV wdwi‡q cvjv‡Z _v‡K Ges hLb GK¡vgZ †kl n‡q hvq cybivq wd‡i Av‡m
I gvby‡li Aš—‡i LUKv m„wó Ki‡Z _v‡K| †m e‡j AgyK welq ¯§iY Ki, AgyK
welq ¯§iY Ki, †h mKj welq Zvi ¯§iY wQj bv| Ae‡k‡l gvbyl Ggb n‡q hvq
†h, †m ej‡Z cv‡i bv, KZ ivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq K‡i‡QÕ (gyËvdvK¡ AvjvBn,
wgkKvZ nv/655; Avey `vD` nv/869; bvmvC nv/1236)|
Avhvb Ggb GKwU we‡kl Bev`Z hv Avi¤¢ n‡j kqZvb fxZ-mš¿¯— n‡q cvjv‡Z
_v‡K| Ab¨ GK eY©bvq i‡q‡Q, †m Avhvb ï‡b g`xbv †_‡K 36 gvCj `~‡i ivInv
bvgK ¯’v‡b cvwj‡q hvq| Avhv‡bi gZ Avi †Kvb Bev`Z †bB, hv ïi“ n‡j kqZvb
f‡q cvjv‡Z _v‡K| Avhv‡bi kã Zvi wbKU Lye fvix †eva nq Ges Zv‡Z †m
evZKg© Ki‡Z _v‡K| Kv‡RB cÖ‡Z¨K gyQj−xi Rb¨ hiƒix KZ©e¨ Avhv‡bi mgq
nIqvi mv‡_ mv‡_ Avhvb †`qvi Rb¨ Pig AvMÖnx nIqv| †kªvZvi Rb¨ Aek¨
KZ©e¨ Avj−vni mš‘wó jv‡fi Avkvq RvbœvZ cvIqvi D‡Ï‡k¨ AvMÖn mnKv‡i
Avhv‡bi RIqve †`qv| Avgv‡ì †`‡ki gyQj−xiv Avhvb I GK¡vg‡Zi RIqve
†Ìqvi e¨vcv‡i Lye Ag‡bv‡hvMx| cÖKvk _v‡K †h, ÔnvBq¨v AvjvÕ Øq e¨ZxZ
Avhvb I GK¡vg‡Zi RIqve †`qvi †¶‡Î Avhv‡bi kã¸wjB ûeû D”PviY Ki‡Z
n‡e| GK¡vg‡Z 0 2 -( : 0 O(-( ejv hv‡e bv| †Zgwb dR‡ii Avhv‡b p
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p
B& ejv hv‡e bv| Avhv‡bi †`vÔAvq q( 5> q( H . #> ( I 2 $ & z
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hv‡e bv| GmKj AwZwi³ kã m¤ú‡K© ewY©Z nv`xQ¸wj Rvj I hCd|
gmwR` wbg©vYKvix I gmwR‡` AvMgbKvix
†hme Avgj K‡i gvbyl eo jvfevb n‡Z cv‡i, gmwR` wbg©vY I gmwR‡` AvMgb
Zvi Ab¨Zg| gmwR` wbg©vY Ki‡j Avj−vn Zvi Rb¨ Rvbœv‡Z Ni wbg©vY K‡ib|
Avj−vn Zvi Rb¨ Rvbœv‡Z Avc¨vq‡bi eë¯’v K‡ib| hviv gmwR‡` AvMgb K‡i
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Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvj−vni wbKU ¯’vb mg~‡ni g‡a¨
me©v‡c¶v wcÖq ¯’vb nj gmwR` mg~n| Avi me©v‡c¶v N„b¨ ¯’vb nj evRvi mg~nÕ
(gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/696; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/ 644)| gyQj−x hLb gmwR‡` hvq ZLb Avj−vni
wbKU me©v‡c¶v wcÖq š’v‡b hvq| Gme ¯’v‡b Avj−vni ingZ me‡P‡q †ekx ewl©Z
nq|
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gmwR` wbg©vY K‡i, Avj−vn Zvi Rb¨ Rvbœv‡Z GKwU Ni wbg©vY K‡ibÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg,
wgkKvZ nv/697; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/645)| AÎ nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, gmwR`
wbg©v‡Yi cÖwZ`vb n‡”Q RvbœvZ|
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Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h mKvj-weKvj gmwR‡` hv‡e
Avj−vn Zvi Rb¨ Zvi cÖ‡Z¨K ev‡ii cwie‡Z© GKwU K‡i †gngvb`vix-Avc¨vqb
cÖ¯‘Z K‡i ivL‡ebÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/698; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/646)| AÎ nv`xQ
Øviv eySv hvq †h, gvbyl hZevi Bev`‡Zi D‡Ï‡k¨ gmwR‡` hvq, ZZevi Zvi Rb¨
Avj−vn Avc¨vqb cÖ¯‘Z K‡i iv‡Lb| Avj−vn Zvi cÖwZ Lywk n‡q hvb|
K( ; -( 7, !(7; d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . > F d, c -( ;
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> K "9 1
M Qd=i$ 3 # k(5( 3 # -( X 4
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@_ "9 > r cJ7S 9 1 M =H -( K( ; -( _
Avey g~mv AvkÔAvix (ivt) e‡jb ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Qvjv‡Zi †bKxi evcv‡i †mB
e¨w³B mKj gvbyl A‡c¶v AwaK †bKxi nK`vi †h e¨w³ gmwR‡` mev©‡c¶v
AwaK `~i n‡Z AvMgb K‡i| Avi H e¨w³ me©v‡c¶v †ekx †bKxi AwaKvix nq, †h
†K eo jvfevb 87
Bgv‡gi mv‡_ QvjvZ Av`vq Kivi Rb¨ A‡c¶v K‡i, H e¨w³i †P‡q †h GKv
QvjvZ Av`vq K‡i AZtci Nywg‡q c‡oÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/700; evsjv wgkKvZ
nv/647)| AÎ nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, †h hZ `~i †_‡K gmwR‡` QvjvZ
Av`v‡qi Rb¨ Avm‡e, †m ZZ †ekx †bKxi AwaKvix n‡e| Avi evox‡Z GKv
QvjvZ Av`vq Kivi †P‡q Bgv‡gi mv‡_ RvgvÔAv‡Z QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡j AwaK
†bKx i‡q‡Q|
Ab¨ GK nv`x‡Q ivm~j (Qvt) e‡jb, B
. 92 B . (rN f
A& D B . 92 q( $ 7, c " F1
@ B . (rN f
A& D ÔI‡n evb~ mvjgv! †Zvgiv †Zvgv‡ì evox †mB `~ieZ©x ¯’v‡bB ivL,
†Zvgv‡ì c`wPý Abyhvqx †Zvgv‡ì †bKx †jLv n‡e| †Zvgiv †Zvgv‡ì ¯’v‡bB
_vK, †Zvgv‡ì c`wPý Abyhvqx †Zvgv‡ì †bKx †jLv n‡eÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/699;
qW <, 7, ! 7(; d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;

Q X2<; c 5 k(i j QZW 2 ; _Y : ! 7l / 6 /( _Y 9 ! 7 c 5 : 0 7lK 9
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h #> S
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Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔmvZ †kªYxi gvbyl‡K Avj−vn
ZvAvÔjv Zuvi we‡kl Qvqv w`‡eb †hw`b Zuvi Qvqv e¨ZxZ Avi †Kvb Qvqv _vK‡e
bv| 1. b¨vqcivqb kvmK| 2. H hyeK †h eo n‡q‡Q Avj−vni Bev`‡Z| 3. H
e¨w³ hvi Aš—i gmwR‡ì mv‡_ m¤ú„³ _v‡K, gmwR` †_‡K †ei nIqvi ci
cybivq gmwR‡` wd‡i bv Avmv ch©š—| 4. H `yÕe¨w³ hviv Avj−vni mš‘wói Avkvq
G‡K Aci‡K fvjev‡m| G D‡Ï‡k¨B Df‡q wgwjZ nq Ges c„_K nq| 5. H
e¨w³ †h wbR©‡b Avj−vn‡K ¯§iY K‡i Avi Zvi `yÕ†PvL Akª“ wemR©b Ki‡Z _v‡K|
6. H e¨w³ hv‡K †Kvb m¤£vš— cwiev‡ii my›ìx bvix (e¨wfPv‡ii Rb¨) AvnŸvb K‡i
Avi †m e‡j, Avwg Avj−vn‡K fq Kwi| 7. †mB e¨w³ †Mvc‡b `vb K‡i| GgbwK
Zvi evg nvZ Rvb‡Z cv‡i bv †h, Zvi Wvb nvZ wK `vb K‡iÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ
88 †K eo jvfevb
AÎ nv`x‡Q wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b mvZ †kªYxi gvbyl‡K we‡kl Qvqv †`qv n‡e e‡j D‡j−L
Kiv n‡q‡Q| Zb¥‡a¨ GK †kªYxi gvbyl n‡”Q hv‡ì Aš—i me©`v gmwR‡ì mv‡_
Szjš— _v‡K| †Kvb Kvi‡Y gmwR` n‡Z †ei n‡j Avevi gmwR‡` hvIqvi Rb¨ e¨¯—
n‡q c‡o|
c5 6 H > X 4
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Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†Kvb e¨w³i gmwR‡` RvgvÔAv‡Z
QvjvZ Av`v‡qi †bKx Zvi N‡i ev Zvi evRv‡i QvjvZ Av`vq A‡c¶v cuwPk ¸Y
†ekx| Avi GB †bKx ZLbB nq hLb †m e¨w³ my›ì K‡i Ih~ K‡i Avi GKgvÎ
Qvjv‡Zi D‡Ï‡k¨ gmwR‡` hvq| GgZve¯’vq †m hZ c`‡¶c iv‡L cÖ‡Z¨K
c`‡¶‡ci ì“Y GKUv K‡i c` DbœZ Kiv nq Ges GKUv K‡i ¸bvn ¶gv Kiv
nq| AZtci hLb †m QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡Z _v‡K wdwikZvMY Zvi Rb¨ †`vÔAv
Ki‡Z _v‡Kb| Zviv e‡jb, f D > 0 7( ! ( & > 0 7( ! $ . > 0 7 ! 7(; 6J e
> 0 7
@! 7(; †n Avj−vn! Zzwg Zvi cÖwZ AbyMÖn Ki, †n Avj−vn! Zzwg Zvi cÖwZ `qv Ki, †n
Avj−vn! Zzwg Zv‡K ¶gv Ki, †n Avj−vn! Zzwg Zvi ZIev Keyj Ki| Avi Gfv‡e
Zviv ej‡Z _v‡K †h ch©š— †m QvjvZ Av`v‡qi ¯’v‡b _v‡K| hZ¶Y †m KvD‡K Kó
bv †`q Ges Ih~ f½ bv K‡iÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/702; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/650)|
AÎ nv`x‡Q ejv n‡q‡Q, †h e¨w³ gmwR‡` hvq Zvi cÖ‡Z¨K c`‡¶‡ci wewbg‡q
Zvi ¸bvn S‡i hvq Ges gh©v`v †e‡o hvq| hZ¶Y †m Qvjv‡Zi A‡c¶vq _v‡K
ZZ¶Y †m Qvjv‡Zi g‡a¨B _v‡K| Avi Zvi Ih~ bv fv½v ch©š— wdwikZviv Zvi
Rb¨ wewfbœfv‡e ¶gv PvB‡Z _v‡K|
†K eo jvfevb 89
B # -( 6( ` 2 ( Z( (O 7, ! 7(; d7e
Z( , . -( ! "; : c b . X( 2 O( c -( ;
@u 7G 9> & -( 6( <O( B& . T B( 7& 5( # G
$ &
Avey KvZv`v (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔhLb †Zvgv‡ì †KD gmwR‡`
cÖ‡ek K‡i, ZLb †m †hb emvi c~‡e© `yÕivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq K‡iÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg,
wgkKvZ nv/704; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/653)| GUv gmwR‡ì nK¡, Gi bvg ÔZvwnq¨vZzj
gmwR`Õ| `yÕivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Kivi c~‡e© emv wbwl×| †h †Kvb mg‡q
gmwR‡` cÖ‡ek Ki‡j `yÕivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e| GgbwK wbwl× mgq
mg~‡n †KD gmwR‡` cÖ‡ek Ki‡jI| QvjvZ Av`vq bv Ki‡j ùvwo‡q _vK‡Z n‡e
Ges mgq gZ †ei n‡q †h‡Z n‡e| ZeyI emv hv‡e bv|
=.0 s ( , _ # C& 9 /( ( (B 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z( ,. -( ? s f B( ;
@! 5 u 7(H > r B& . ! 5 d7S
5( # G
$ & -(# _ # O( (g5( d%8
L c5
KvÔe Beby gvwjK (ivt) e‡jb, bex Kixg (Qvt) w`‡bi cÖ_g w`‡K evox AvMgb
Ki‡Zb| Avi hLb AvMgb Ki‡Zb, cÖ_‡gB wZwb gmwR‡` cÖ‡ek Ki‡Zb Ges
`yÕivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq K‡i †mLv‡b em‡ZbÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/653)| mdi
†_‡K w`‡bi cÖ_g fv‡M evox Avmv mybœvZ| cÖ_‡g gmwR‡` cÖ‡ek K‡i `yÕivKÔAvZ
QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv mybœvZ| `yÕivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`v‡qi ci gvby‡li mv‡_
K‡_vcK_b Kiv mybœvZ|
4
P H . T $ , 7, ! 7(; d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
@(M0 <D ( # H ( g5 Q?7(; : 3>2. /( 6& C 7& 5( # G
( qP b # i "9
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h e¨w³ KvD‡K nviv‡bv e¯‘
gmwR‡` AbymÜvb Ki‡Z ïb‡e †m †hb e‡j, Avj−vn †hb †Zvgv‡K Zv wdwi‡q bv
†`qÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/706; evsjv wgLvZ nv/654)| nviv‡bv e¯‘ gmwR‡` Zvjvk Kiv
nvivg| †Kvb e¨w³ nviv‡bv wRwbm gmwR‡` AbymÜvb Ki‡Q Rvb‡Z cvi‡j ejv
DwPZ †h, Avj−vn †hb †Zvgv‡K †Zvgvi nviv‡bv wRwbm †diZ bv †`b|
d( 7(Kl c5 ^>i$ & i
* 7, ! 7(; d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( # 9 ;
@q C & _ 9 _* > . "L # H $ &
90 †K eo jvfevb
eyivq`v (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ôhviv AÜKv‡i gmwR‡` hvq Zv‡ì‡K
wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b Zv‡ì c~Y© †R¨vwZi mymsev` `vIÕ (wZiwghx, nv`xQ Qvnxn, wgkKvZ nv/721;
hviv AÜKv‡i Kó K‡i gmwR‡` QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡Z hvq, Avj−vn Zv‡ì Rb¨
wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b we‡kl Av‡jvi eë¯’v Ki‡eb| KviY wK¡qvg‡Zi gvV n‡e
AÜKviv”Qbœ|
~ . <D c *. p 9-(. 7, ! 7(; d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . v s ><; ;
p 7& O d(7; k(& k7($ & S I 9 5 1 . # D 6& 3 # $> %
9 Z( (O Xs . e -( c 5 d(D
_ #O& k(& d(7; c i $ & ' 7(S > # # G $ & c5 w A& $ & ' .A( & ' .A( & c5 Z( (O
s I' s I¨ ; ? ( 6( 5( . (A$ & c5 t b & ¥ 4 ( ª ' ;$G & d(
6( 5 ? k(, -( c * > 0 7 6& C 5( p 7e ( # $> % 9 Z( (O ! L - ! D# ( _ B( ! )(U ` ( (B
@c "$ D c D & ( ... B $ & f > ' A( "$ & ~ D ' I
&
Beby AveŸvm (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb, GKevi Avwg Avgvi cÖwZcvjK‡K
AwZ DËg Ae¯’vq ¯^‡cœ †`Ljvg| ZLb wZwb Avgv‡K wR‡Ám Ki‡jb, †n gynv¤§v`
Avcwb wK Rv‡bb, kxl©¯’vbxq wdwikZvMY wK welq wb‡q weZK© Ki‡Q? Avwg
ejjvg, nüv KvddvivZ welq wb‡q weZK© Ki‡Q| Avi KvddvivZ nj- (K) QvjvZ
Av`v‡qi ci gmwR‡` Ae¯’vb Kiv, (L) cv‡q †nu‡U RvgvÔAv‡Z Dcw¯’Z nIqv, (M)
K‡ói mg‡q DËgiƒ‡c Ih~ Kiv| †h Giƒc Ki‡e †m Kj¨v‡Yi mv‡_ euvP‡e I
Kj¨v‡Yi mv‡_ g„ZzëiY Ki‡e Ges †m Zvi ¸bvn n‡Z cvK-cweÎ n‡q hv‡e, †mB
w`‡bi b¨vq †h w`b Zvi gvZv Zv‡K cÖme K‡i‡Q| A_©vr wb®úvc n‡q hv‡e|
AZtci Avj−vn ej‡jb, †n gynv¤§v`! hLb Zzwg QvjvZ Av`q Ki‡e ZLb Zzwg GB
†`vÔAv ej‡e, ... B $ & f
> '
A( "$ & ~ D '
I
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k(, -( c * > 0 7
c "$ D c D & ( Ô†n Avj−vn! Avwg †Zvgvi wbKU PvB fvj KvR m¤úv`b
Ki‡Z, g›` KvR mg~n Z¨vM Ki‡Z I `wi`ª‡ì fvjevm‡Z Ges Zzwg Avgv‡K ¶gv
Ki, Zzwg Avgvi cÖwZ `qv KiÕ (kviûm mybœvn, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, wgkKvZ nv/726)| AÎ
nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h Qvjv‡Zi ci gmwR‡` A‡c¶v Ki‡j cvc gy‡Q hvq|
Ggb wb®úvc nq †hgb Rb¥w`‡b wb®úvc wQj| D³ †`vÔAvwU Avj−vn Avgv‡ì
bex‡K co‡Z wk¶v w`‡jb|
†K eo jvfevb 91
qW r(4
( r( 7, ! 7(; d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : d b . d* 73 <& q( - d -( ;
5 9 d> d(7; Y b 0 5( 6 <, d 5 =9V ( ` 6W H . d(7; Y b 0 7lB
Y b 0 5( # G
$ & d( . 6W H . Qqs $ "( -( s H -( Z( $ 2> 9 -( q( ">G
& ! 7(` # 5(
- d(7; Y b 0 5( _s 4 ( ! 6( ` 2 6W H . d(7;
Avey Dgvgv e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, wZb †kªYxi †jvK i‡q‡Q hviv mK‡jB
Avj−vni `vwq‡Z¡ _v‡K| 1. †h Avj−vni iv¯—vq hy‡× †ei n‡q‡Q †m Avj−vni `vwq‡Z¡
i‡q‡Q, hZ¶Y ch©š— Avj−vn Zv‡K DwV‡q bv †bb Ges Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek bv Kivb
A_ev Zv‡K †bKx ev MYxg‡Zi gv‡ji mv‡_ wdwi‡q Avb‡eb| 2. †h gmwR‡` Mgb
K‡i †m Avj−vni `vwq‡Z¡ _v‡K| 3. †h mvjvg mnKv‡i wb‡Ri N‡i cÖ‡ek K‡i †m
Avj−vni `vwq‡Z¡ _v‡KÕ (Avey`vE`, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, ZvnK¡x‡K¡ wgkKvZ nv/727; evsjv
wgkKvZ nv/672)|
G nv`xQ Øviv eySv hvq †h, hviv Avj−vni iv¯—vq wRnv‡ì Rb¨ †ei nq, Zv‡ì
wh¤§v`vi Avj−vn| Avi hviv mvjvg Øviv evox‡Z cÖ‡ek K‡i Ges hviv gmwR‡`
QvjvZ Av`v‡qi Rb¨ hvq, Zv‡ì wh¤§v`viI Avj−vn nb|
` 7, ! 7(; d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : d b . d* 73 <& q( - d -( ;
R < D d( ` _ %
$ &
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r(-( d(7; XW 4 (e $ $ & H k(B( H k(5( >9 / ! <S
"9 /( d%8 L
@ *7J; c 5 j Y B
Avey Dgvgv (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h wb‡Ri Ni n‡Z Ih~ K‡i dih
QvjvZ Av`v‡qi Rb¨ †ei nj Zvi †bKx GKRb Gnivgavix nvRxi †bKxi mgvb|
Avi †h Pvk‡Zi Qvjv‡Zi Rb¨ †ei nj Zvi QvIqve GKRb IgivKvixi QvIqv‡ei
mgvb Ges GK Qvjv‡Zi ci Aci QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv hvi g‡a¨ †Kvb Ab_©K KvR
Kiv nqwb Ggb e¨w³i bvg Bj−x‡b †jLv nqÕ (Avngv`, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, ZvnK¡x‡K¡
AÎ nv`xQ Øviv eySv hvq †h, hviv my›ì K‡i Ih~ K‡i dih Qvjv‡Zi D‡Ï‡k¨ evox
†_‡K †ei nq, Zviv GKRb Gnivgavix nvRxi mgvb QIqve AR©b K‡i| Avi
Pvk‡Zi Qvjv‡Zi Rb¨ †ei n‡j Igiv Kivi mgvb QIqve jvf Ki‡e|
92 †K eo jvfevb
QvjvZ Av`vqKvix
†hme Avg‡ji gva¨‡g gvbyl RvbœvZ jvf Ki‡Z cv‡i, QvjvZ Zvi Ab¨Zg| QvjvZ
Av`v‡qi gva¨‡g gvbyl eo jvfevb n‡Z cv‡i| Avj−vn e‡jb,
; d0"D X( 4
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! f , %
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p
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m¤ú‡K© wR‡Ám Kiv n‡e| hw` Zvi QvjvZ MÖnY‡hvM¨ nq, Zvn‡j mg¯— Avgj
MÖnYxq n‡e| Avi hw` QvjvZ MÖnY‡hvM¨ bv nq, Zvn‡j mg¯— AvgjB evwZj n‡eÕ
(wmjwmjv Qnxnvn nv/598)| QvjvZ Ggb GKwU Bev`Z hv Avj−vni wbKU M„nxZ n‡j
evKx Avgj¸wjI M„nxZ n‡e| Ab¨_v me Avgj evwZj n‡e| KviY mg¯— Bev`‡Zi
wfwË Bev`Z n‡”Q QvjvZ|
q r(4
( r( X 4(S > 7, ! 7(; d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : d b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
! " 6( <O ! " p
7(<O 0 CJ %
3 2> -( $ 5( wW 7r 2 G
L w W 7r B L w
W 7r . 0 Ul { s 4 ( r&-(
@! 7$ ; ^, ! 7(; 2> . ! D4
(e ! 7(; ' 2> . ! 7$ ; ^,
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Qvjv‡Zi QIqve wZbfv‡M
wef³| GKfvM cweÎZvi gva¨‡g wØZxq fvM i“K~i gva¨‡g Z…ZxqfvM wmR`vi
gva¨‡g| †h GB¸wj c~Y© Av`vq Kij Zvi QvjvZ M„nxZ nj Ges mg¯— AvgjI
M„nxZ nj| Avi hvi QvjvZ MÖnY Kiv n‡e bv, Zvi †Kvb AvgjB MÖnY Kiv n‡e bvÕ
(wmjwmjv Qnxnvn nv/643)|
AÎ nv`xQ Øviv cÖZxqgvb nq †h, QvjvZ Keyj nIhvi Rb¨ wZbwU KvR my›ì nIqv
hiƒix- 1. Ih~- Ih~ my›ì bv n‡j QvjvZ Keyj n‡e bv| 2. i“K‚ h_vh_ c~Y© bv n‡j
QvjvZ Keyj n‡e bv| 3. wmR`v h_vh_ c~Y© bv n‡j QvjvZ Keyj n‡e bv| Avi
QvjvZ Keyj bv n‡j mg¯— Avgj evwZj n‡e|
†K eo jvfevb 93
'
7(S > 7, ! 7(; d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : d b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
p
<"H ( > 0 " $ '
Y JA( ( 8 . d( 8 . Qq $
d( q $
Qu$ ¤ (
@ ^<A(
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔcuvP Iqv³ QvjvZ, GK RygÔAv
n‡Z Aci RygÔAv ch©š—, GK ivgvhvb n‡Z Aci ivgvhvb ch©š— Kvddviv nq †m
mg¯— ¸bv‡ni hv Gi gaëZ©x mg‡q nq| hLb Kexiv ¸bvn †_‡K †eu‡P _v‡KÕ
(gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/564; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/518)| G nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj †h, cvuP Iqv³
QvjvZ, RygÔAvi QvjvZ Ges ivgvhvb gv‡m wQqvg cvjb Ki‡j ¸bvn gvd n‡q
hvq| Z‡e QMxiv ¸bvn gvd nq| KviY Kexiv ¸bvn gv‡di Rb¨ ZIev kZ©| Avi
†Kvb w`b Ggb ¸bvn Kie bv GB `„p cÖwZÁv K‡i g‡b Aby‡kvPbv wb‡q web‡qi
mv‡_ Avj−vni wbKU ZIev Ki‡j eo ¸bvn gvd n‡Z cv‡i|
=0 -( ( 9-(. -( 7, ! 7(; d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : d b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
d(C<9 ( (O t c ! . 2 d(C<9 6& 3 ' s > u
$ ` _s 9 6 B ! " 6 9 B # -( j <
@9(UI & > 0 : %$ 9 u
$ I
& '
7(S
> 6 m( ? M( 5( Z( (O t c ! . 2
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔAv”Qv ej‡Zv hw` †Zvgv‡ì
Kv‡iv ìRvq GKwU bni _v‡K hv‡Z †m ˆ`wbK cuvPevi †Mvmj K‡i, Zvi wKQy
gqjv evKx _vK‡e wK? QvnvexMY ej‡jb, †Kvb gqjv _vK‡e bv| ivm~j (Qvt)
ej‡jb, GBiƒc D`vniY n‡”Q cuvPIqv³ Qvjv‡Zi| Avj−vn GB cvuP Iqv³
Qvjv‡Zi gva¨‡g ¸bvn mg~n gy‡Q †`bÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/565; evsjv wgkKvZ
nv/519)| nv`xQ Øviv eySv hvq †h, hviv g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i cuvP Iqv³ QvjvZ Av`vq
K‡i Zv‡ì Aciva mg~n ¶gv n‡q hvq|
# p <e
-( c * Z( , . 9 Z( (C5( 6W H . tF H Z( (O ! "; : c b . ? s u -( ;
! 7(; : d7e c* <"> T d7S 5( X 4
(S > ' 8 Z( (O ! "; ! &k( 9 ( Z( (O c> 7(; ! $ Ok(5(
Z( , . 9 Z( (C5( 6 H > ! ( _ (O X( (7S
> 7, ! 7(; : d7e cL <"> d8O( $> 7(5( 7,
# O( F g5( Z( (O Z( (O " p
7e # O( u (-( Z( (O j B c> 5 Ok(5( # p <e -( c *
@~ #> -( ? <( ? ( ( (
94 †K eo jvfevb
Avbvm (ivt) e‡jb, GK e¨w³ G‡m ejj, †n Avj−vni ivm~j (Qvt)! Avwg n` Rvix
Kivi gZ Aciva K‡iwQ, myZivs Avgvi Dci n` cÖ‡qvM Ki“b| eY©bvKvix e‡jb,
ivm~j (Qvt) Zvi Aciva m¤ú‡K© Zv‡K wKQy wR‡Ám Ki‡jb bv| G mg‡q Qvjv‡Zi
Iqv³ n‡q †Mj| ZLb †m ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi mv‡_ QvjvZ †kl Kiv gvÎ †jvKwU
ùvwo‡q ejj, †n Avj−vni ivm~j! Avwg n` Kv‡qg Kivi gZ Aciva K‡iwQ|
Avgvi cÖwZ Avj−vni wKZv‡e wba©vwiZ n` Rvix Ki“b| bex Kixg (Qvt) ej‡jb,
Zzwg wK Avgv‡ì mv‡_ QvjvZ Av`vq K‡iQ? †m ejj, nu¨v| bex Kixg (Qvt)
ej‡jb, †Zvgvi ¸bvn Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv gvd K‡i w`‡q‡QbÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ
Avj−vn I ivm~j (Qvt) Aciv‡ai Rb¨ †h kvw¯— wba©viY K‡i‡Qb, Zv hw` Aciv‡ai
Abyiƒc nq, Z‡e Zv‡K wKQvQ e‡j| h_v nZ¨vi e`‡j nZ¨v, †PvL bó Kivi e`‡j
†PvL bó Kiv, bvK KvUvi e`‡j bvK KvUv BZ¨vw`| Avi hw` Abyiƒc bv nq, Zv‡K
Ôn`Õ e‡j| h_v e¨wfPv‡ii Rb¨ cv_i Øviv nZ¨v Kiv| Pzwii Rb¨ nvZ KvUv Ges
kive cvb Kivi Rb¨ †eÎvNvZ Kiv BZ¨vw`| GB †jvKwU wK Aciva K‡iwQj Zv
ivm~j (Qvt) wR‡Ám K‡ibwb| Z‡e QvjvZ Av`v‡qi gva¨‡g ¶gv n‡q‡Q e‡j
†NvlYv K‡i‡Qb| nv`xQ Øviv eySv hvq †h, Qvjv‡Zi gva¨‡g †h †Kvb Aciva ¶gv
n‡Z cv‡i|
u $ ` 7, ! 7(; d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : d b . p S > X( 2 <; ;
> 0 ; i ` > 0 ; B . > D-( > 3 4
e > 3 tF b -( d(D : > 0 b 5& '
s 7(e
! ( ( ( tF & #Y 0 ; d(7; ! ( u 7(5( 6& & 9 ( ! ( 9> & -( #Y 0 ; d(7; ! ( ( (B
@! M ; tF &
Iev`v Beby Qv‡gZ (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvj−vn ZvÔAvjv cuvP Iqv³
QvjvZ dih K‡i‡Qb| †h e¨w³ QvjvZ Av`v‡qi Rb¨ DËgiƒ‡c Ih~ Ki‡e Ges
wVK mg‡q QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡e Ges c~Y© fq-fxwZ wb‡q web‡qi mv‡_ Zvi i“K‚ c~Y©
Ki‡e, Zvi Rb¨ Avj−vni cÖwZkª“wZ i‡q‡Q, Avj−vn Zv‡K ¶gv K‡i w`‡eb| Avi †h
Gfv‡e Av`vq Ki‡e bv, Zvi Rb¨ Avj−vni Dci †Kvb cÖwZkª“wZ †bB| B”Qv Ki‡j
Avj−vn Zv‡K gvd Ki‡eb, B”Qv Ki‡j Zv‡K kvw¯— w`‡ebÕ (bvmvC, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx,
ZvnK¡xK¡ wgkKvZ nv/570; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/524)|
†K eo jvfevb 95
e¨vL¨v : cuvP Iqv³ QvjvZ dih| †Kvb e¨w³ hw` my›ì K‡i Ih~ K‡i fq-fxwZ
mnKv‡i wVK mg‡q cuvP Iqv³ QvjvZ Av`vq K‡i Zvi AZx‡Zi ¸bvn ¶gv n‡q
hv‡e| Gfv‡e QvjvZ Av`vqKvixi ¸bvn ¶gv Kivi e¨vcv‡i Avj−vn Iqv`v
K‡i‡Qb| hviv my›ì K‡i Ih~ K‡i bv Qvjv‡Zi i“Kb mg~n I Lyk~‡K cwic~Y© K‡i
bv, Zv‡ì ¸bvn ¶gv Kivi e¨vcv‡i Avj−vni †Kvb Iqv`v †bB|
QA $ ` 7le
7, ! 7(; d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : d b . q( - c -( ;
@ A *. q( ">H 7` # D QB -( ( y -( QA -( X( (BV 2L -( QB 0 e

Avey Dgvgv ev‡njx (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, †Zvgv‡ì
cÖwZ wba©vwiZ cvuP Iqv³ QvjvZ Kv‡qg Ki, ivgvhvb gv‡mi wQqvg cvjb Ki,
†Zvgv‡ì gv‡ji hvKvZ cÖ`vb Ki Ges †Zvgv‡ì EaŸ©Zb Kg©KZ©v hv Av‡`k K‡ib
Zvi AvbyMZ¨ Ki| Zvn‡j †Zvgiv B”Qv gZ †Zvgv‡ì cÖwZcvj‡Ki Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek
Ki‡Z cvi‡eÕ (Avngv`, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, ZvnK¡xK¡ wgkKvZ nv/ 571; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/525)|
D# G
, d7e
7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O c* "0 G & #s ` # 9V ;
@! <( _ #> C( D ! ( : ( ( $0 5 0 9 /(
hv‡q` Beby Lv‡j` Rynvbx (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h
e¨w³ †Kvb fzj bv K‡i g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i `yÕivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Kij, Avj−vn
Zvi AZx‡Zi ¸bvn ¶gv K‡i w`‡ebÕ (Avngv`, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, ZvnK¡xK¡ wgkKvZ
:Z( (C5( Q= 9 X( 4

(S> B( ( ! >-( Q7, ! 7(; : d7e c* <"> ; Qs$ ; # <; ;
A D ( 07(; ¡
& 5%9 ( Qq C & _ 9 XP G =3 =. ! ( p
(B 07(; ¡
( 5(
c* - Q(3 Q( ; 5 Q( . (O T q C & _ 9 ( (B QPXG /( Q=3 /( Q=. ! (
.z s 7(`
Avãyj−vn Beby Avgi Be‡b AvQ (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z GK`v bex Kixg (Qvt) Qvjv‡Zi
cÖm½ DÌvcb K‡i ej‡jb, †h e¨w³ mwVK wbq‡g I mwVK mg‡q QvjvZ Av`vq
Ki‡e, wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b QvjvZ Zvi Rb¨ Av‡jv, cÖgvY I gyw³i Dcvq n‡e| Avi †h
Gfv‡e QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡e bv, QvjvZ Zvi Rb¨ Av‡jv, cÖgvY I gyw³i Dcvq n‡e
96 †K eo jvfevb
bv| wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b †m Kvi“Y, †diÔAvDb, nvgvb I DevB Beby Lvj‡di mv‡_
_vK‡eÕ (Avngv`, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, ZvnK¡xK¡ wgkKvZ nv/578; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/531)|
e¨vL¨v : nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, gvbyl hw` Qvjv‡Zi wbqg-Kvb~b mwVKfv‡e
†g‡b mwVK mg‡q Av`vq K‡i, Zvn‡j QvjvZ Zvi Rb¨ wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b we‡kl
Av‡jv wnmv‡e MY¨ n‡e| QvjvZ Zvi Rb¨ cÖgvY ¯îƒc n‡e| QvjvZ Zvi Rb¨
gyw³i Dcvq n‡e| Ab¨_v †m QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv m‡Ë¡I h_vh_ kvw¯— †fv‡Mi Rb¨
Rvnvbœv‡g hv‡e| †hLv‡b mv_x wnmv‡e †diÔAvDb, nvgvb, Kvi“Y I DevB Beby
Lvjv‡di mv_x wnmv‡e eo Acivax †jv‡Kiv _vK‡e| Avj−vn! Zzwg Avgv‡ì‡K
mwVKfv‡e QvjvZ Av`v‡qi ZvIdxK¡ `vb Ki|
. >" « 79> ( Z C 9 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z( , . p $ , Z( (O q( <9 . X( . $; ;
@0 6( <O( u
$ i
> 7y 6( <O( d7e #Y -(
Igviv Beby i“AvBev (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt)-†K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ, KLbI Ggb e¨w³
Rvnvbœv‡g hv‡e bv †h, dRi I AvQ‡ii QvjvZ Av`vq K‡i‡QÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ
nv/575)|
7, ! 7(; : d7e

Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : d b
. 1
* d, c -( ;
@q( ">
( 6( ` 2 92 < d7e

Avey g~mv AvkÔAvix (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h e¨w³
dRi I AvQ‡ii QvjvZ Av`vq Kij †m Rvbœv‡Z hv‡eÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/625;
AÎ nv`x‡Q dRi I AvQ‡ii Qvjv‡Zi we‡kl ¸i“Z¡ eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q| Ab¨vb¨ QvjvZ
mn hviv dRi I AvQ‡ii QvjvZ mwVKfv‡e Av`vq Ki‡e, Zviv KLbI Rvnvbœv‡g
hv‡e bv; eis Zv‡ì wVKvbv n‡”Q RvbœvZ|
v >" 7( 9 ( 7, !(7; d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
( $ 7( 9 ( Q $ 0 , /( ! 7(; $ 0 9 & -( / # G
9 ( > r QZ> F z * S t #"* c5
@=< ( $3 DF R <S L q $ & c5 ( $ 7( 9 ( Q!( C <, /( G 0 > c5
†K eo jvfevb 97
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ôhw` gvbyl RvbZ Avhvb †`qv
Ges QvjvZ Av`v‡qi Rb¨ cÖ_g mvwi‡Z ùvov‡bvi g‡a¨ wK †bKx i‡q‡Q, Zvn‡j
jUvix Kiv e¨ZxZ Zv‡ì †Kvb Dcvq _vKZ bv| Avi hw` Zviv RvbZ cÖ_g mg‡q
QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv‡Z wK †bKx i‡q‡Q, Zvn‡j Zviv A‡bï Av‡M †cuŠQvi AvcÖvY
†Póv KiZ| Avi hw` Zviv RvbZ Gkv I dRi Qvjv‡Zi g‡a¨ wK †bKx i‡q‡Q,
Zvn‡j Zviv GB QvjvZ Av`v‡qi Rb¨ nvgv¸wo w`‡q n‡jI AvmZÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg,
AÎ nv`x‡Q ivm~j (Qvt) dRi I Gkvi Qvjv‡Z GZ AwaK QIqve wbwnZ _vKvi
K_v e‡j‡Qb †h, gvbyl hw` QIqv‡ei K_v RvbZ Zvn‡j fvj gvbyl‡Zv †hZB
A¶g gvbylI nvgv¸wo w`‡q n‡jI †hZ Ges G QIqve AR©b KiZ|
d(7; 6( C( r&-( XW 4
(e u
( 7, ! 7(; : d7e cL <"> Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : d b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
@=< ( $3 Dk(( $0 5 ( $ 7( 9 ( t i & G
( & C 5"$ &
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ôgybv‡dK‡ì Dci me‡P‡q KwVb
QvjvZ n‡”Q dRi I Gkv| hw` Zviv RvbZ G dRi I Gkv Qvjv‡Z wK †bKx
i‡q‡Q, Zvn‡j Zviv G QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡Z AvmZ nvgv¸wo w`‡q n‡jIÕ (eyLvix,
gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/629; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/580)|
c 5 tF i & d7e 7, ! 7(; : d7e cL <"> Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : d b . ( $ m&; ;
@! 7B 6( 7 d7e
$>k(A( 5( qs ; $H c 5 R <S
L d7e 6 7 z S _ (O $>k(A( 5( qs ; $H
IQgvb (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h Gkvi QvjvZ RvgÔAv‡Z Av`vq Kij
†m †hb Aa©ivwÎ QvjvZ Av`vq Kij| Avi †h dR‡ii QvjvZ RvgÔAv‡Z Av`vq
Kij †m †hb c~Y© ivwÎ QvjvZ Av`vq KijÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/630; evsjv wgkKvZ
nv/581)| Gkv Ges dR‡ii Qvjv‡Z wK i‡q‡Q Zvi wKQy cÖgvY AÎ nv`x‡Q cvIqv
hvq| Gkvi QvjvZ RvgvÔAv‡Z Av`vq Kivi ci dR‡ii QvjvZ RvgvÔAv‡Z Av`vq
Ki‡j c~Y© ivwÎ QvjvZ Av`vq K‡i hv QIqve n‡e Abyiƒc QIqve n‡e| GUv Avj−vni
A‡bK eo AbyMÖn| Avj−vn ev›`vi Dci Lywk n‡j Giƒc AbyMÖn K‡i _v‡Kb|
T U C( ( s k( c p
7& C 5( 7, ! 7(; d7e
Z( , . p D-( Z( (O +b. q( - c -( ;
@qP )(U ` ? "; 0 qP H . 2 0 : ? 5(. / XP # G
, ! 7 # G
D /( ?
>-( 7(; Z( O( !
98 †K eo jvfevb
Avey Dgvgv ev‡njx (ivt) e‡jb, Avwg ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi wbKU G‡m ejjvg, Avcwb
Avgv‡K GKwU Avg‡ji K_v ejyb, hv Avwg h_vh_fv‡e cvjb Kie| ivm~j (Qvt)
ej‡jb, hLbB Zzwg Avj−vni Iqv‡¯— wmR`v Ki‡e, ZLbB Avj−vn †Zvgvi gh©v`v
e„w× Ki‡eb Ges ¸bvn gy‡Q †`‡ebÕ (wmjwmjvn Qnxnvn nv/542)|
(M3 x 9 A 9L-( Z( C5( f "y& -( X( 4(S > Z( (y-( # O( d=5( $ ; (-. Z( O( f "$ & c -( ;
c *5( 2 G
L B L X m&A( ! D k(( ! 5& ; -( ( c *-( >-( Z( (C5( ! 5 ; -( -( 6W H . Z( (C5(
d7(; p b 5( 0 7JB ! M cD( X 4 (S > d( _ (O ( # < & Z C 9 Z( , . p $ ,
@! "; p U( O( D # G , -( T B( . $7A 5( ! C( D;
Avey gybxe (ivt) e‡jb, GK`v Beby Igi (ivt) GK hyeK‡K `xN© mg‡q QvjvZ
Av`vq Ki‡Z †`L‡jb Ges ej‡jb, †Zvgiv †KD G hye‡Ki cwiPq Rvb? GKRb
ejj, Avwg Zv‡K wPwb| Beby Igi (ivt) ej‡jb, Avwg Zv‡K wPb‡j †ekx †ekx
i“K~ wmR`v Ki‡Z ejZvg| KviY ivm~j (Qvt)-†K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ, ÔwbðqB ev›`v
hLb Qvjv‡Z ùvovq Zvi mg¯— ¸bvn Zvi `yÕKuv‡a †i‡L †`qv nq| hZevi i“Kz,
wmR`v K‡i ZZevi Zvi ¸bvn S‡i c‡oÕ (wmjwmjvn Qnxnvn nv/575)|
AÎ nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, †Kvb Acivax QvjvZ Avi¤¢ Ki‡j Zvi ¸bvn Zvi
Kuv‡a Puvwc‡q †`qv nq Ges i“K‚-wmR`vi mv‡_ †m ¸bvn S‡i hvq|
: 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O :Z( (O ! "; : d b . c* , . (& ( $7& , ;
! D4
(e ¥ & 5( ! "; p
D>%D # G
, $7B Q!, -&. d(7; qW ; 5 9(U` cJ7S
9 7 $ &
@ 9(U` p
D>%D # O(
mvjgvb dvimx (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔhLb gymjgvb QvjvZ Avi¤¢
K‡i Zvi ¸bvn Zvi gv_vi Dci _v‡K| hZevi †m wmR`v K‡i ZZevi ¸bvn S‡i
c‡o| AZtci hLb †m QvjvZ †kl K‡i ZLb Zvi me ¸bvn S‡i hvqÕ (wmjwmjv
Qnxnvn nv/579)|
d( : X( <A& > ~ . # 9 qs ; $ H c 5 = 9 . -( 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O
@h ( "* > XW -( . "> * XW -( D-( ! ( p
<B
ivm~j (Qvt) e‡jb, Ô†h e¨w³ Avj−vn‡K mš‘ó Kivi Rb¨ 40 w`b RvgvÔAv‡Z QvjvZ
Av`vq Ki‡e Ges ZvKex‡i Zvnixgv cv‡e A_©vr QvjvZ Avi¤¢ nIqvi mgq
†K eo jvfevb 99
Dcw¯’Z _vK‡e Avj−vn Zv‡K `yÕwU wRwbm n‡Z gyw³ w`‡eb| 1. Rvnvbœvg †_‡K gyw³
w`‡eb Ges 2. gybv‡dKx †_‡K gyw³ w`‡ebÕ (wmjwmjv Qnxnvn nv/747)|
AÎ nv`x‡Q cÖgvwYZ nq †h, †h e¨w³ 40 w`b cuvP Iqv³ QvjvZ Avi¤¢ nIqvi
mgq Dcw¯’Z _vK‡e, Avj−vn Zv‡K Rvnvbœvg †_‡K gyw³ w`‡eb Ges Zvi g‡a¨
gybv‡dK¡x _vK‡e bv|
d7e 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : d b . ? s u -( ;
! ( p (B B& . d7e > r u
$ i
> T 7U& D d> F B M& 9 # O( > r qs ; $H c 5 X( # &
@qs > D qs > D qs > D Xs $ ; qs G
> H k(B(
Avbvm Beby gvwjK (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h e¨w³ dR‡ii QvjvZ
RvgvÔAv‡Z Av`vq Kij, AZtci m~h© D`q nIqv ch©š— e‡m Avj−vni whwKi Kij,
AZtci `yÕivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Kij, Zvn‡j Zvi n¾ I Igiv cvj‡bi c~Y©
†bKx nj| ivm~j (Qvt) K_vwU wZbevi D”PviY K‡i‡QbÕ (wmjwmjv Qnxnvn nv/747)|
AÎ nv`xQ †_‡K eySv hvq †h, hviv dR‡ii QvjvZ Av`‡qi ci †mLv‡b e‡m †_‡K
Avj−vni whwKi Ki‡e Ges m~‡h©v`‡qi ci `yÕivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡e, Avj−vn
Zv‡K GZ QIqve w`‡eb êa cš’vq n¾ I Igiv K‡i hZ QIqve cvIqv hvq|
d7e
7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : d b . d, c -( ;
@q ">G
& c5 p
Y ! ( c " = . -( d( : 6( <O( = . -( d%
8L
Avey g~mv (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h e¨w³ Pvk‡Zi Pvi ivKÔAvZ
QvjvZ Av`vq K‡i Ges †hvn‡i c~‡e© Pvi ivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq K‡i, Zvi Rb¨
Rvbœv‡Z Ni wbg©vY Kiv nqÕ (wmjwmjv Qnxnvn nv/745)|
d7(; ¡
5%
9 /( 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : d b
. X( 9 3 c -( ;
@ > F X 4
(e c 3 j Y > -( / d% 8 L X 4
(e
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔGKgvÎ Lye †ekx †ekx ZIevKvix
GKwbô e¨w³iv Pvk‡Zi Qvjv‡Zi cÖwZ j¶ iv‡L| Avi GB Qvjv‡Zi bvg n‡”Q
QvjvZzj AvDqvexbÕ (wmjwmjv Qnxnvn nv/772)|
@ %
* X 4
(S &# 9 0 Kl 6( <O( '
s B( . T . -( 4
P , ;= 5 Rs e
c -( ;
100 †K eo jvfevb
Avey Qv‡jn gvid‚Ô m~‡Î eY©bv K‡ib bex Kixg (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†hvn‡ii c~‡e© Pvi
ivKÔAvZ QvjvZ iv‡Zi Zvnv¾y` Qvjv‡Zi mgvbÕ (wmjwmjv Qnxnvn nv/536)|
†hvn‡ii cy‡e© Pvi ivKÔAvZ mybœvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡j iv‡Z Zvnv¾y` QvjvZ
Av`vq Kivi mgvb †bKx n‡e|
F 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : d b . 1
> . # I
& #s , c -( ;
6( <O( B( . c 3 / "* $ A Y ` d 3 A D4
(e d( XP 4
(e B 2 V 6 H [> ;
@ G ( & X 4
(e
Avey mvC` Lyìx (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔwbðqB Avj−vn †Zvgv‡ì
Qvjv‡Zi Dci GKwU QvjvZ e„w× K‡i‡Qb Zv †Zvgv‡ì Rb¨ jvj D‡Ui †P‡q
DËg| Avi Zv n‡”Q dR‡ii c~‡e© `yÕivKÔAvZ mybœvZ QvjvZÕ (wmjwmjv Qnxnvn
nv/559)| †mKv‡j Avi‡ei †jvK‡ì Kv‡Q me‡P‡q g~jëvb m¤ú` wQj jvj DU|
AZGe jvj DU †hgb gvby‡li K‡Q me‡P‡q †ekx Kj¨vYKi †Zgwb dR‡ii
`yÕivKÔAvZ mybœvZ QvjvZI gvby‡li Rb¨ me‡P‡q †ewk Kj¨vYKi|
Q6H [> ; Q 7, !(7; d7e Z , . Z( (O : Z( (O ! "; : d b . u s -( ;
& -( c <"9 Q">. q A( ^4
( $ & Z C 5( Z( (O c H 9-( c H 9-( q C & _ 9 1
2 "(
#H $ & . >$; 9-( Z C 5( Q~. G9
Avbvm (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvj−vn ZvÔAvjv wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b WvK
w`‡q ej‡eb, Avgvi cÖwZ‡ekxiv †Kv_vq, Avgvi cÖwZ‡ekxiv †Kv_vq? ivm~j (Qvt)
ej‡jb, ZLb wdwikZviv ej‡eb, †n Avgv‡ì cÖwZcvjK! Kvi Rb¨ †kvfbxq †h,
Avcbvi cÖwZ‡ekx n‡e? ZLb Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv ej‡eb, gmwR` Avev`Kvix A_©vr
gmwR‡` QvjvZ Av`vqKvix e¨w³iv Avgvi cÖwZ‡ekxÕ (wmjwmjv Qnxnvn nv/561)| hviv
gmwR‡` wM‡q QvjvZ Av`vq K‡i Avj−vn wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b Zv‡ì‡K cÖwZ‡ekx
wnmv‡e MÖnY Ki‡eb|
p , ZW S ` 7, ! 7(; d7e Z , . Z( (O : p ((O 0 "; : d b . q( i ^; ;
@¬ :q( ">G & ! 7(` # 9> & ( d7(; "= b
p
B( / > 0 " Xs # c 5 '
$ 9 s 7
& 5( XP V "H T <D 6W H . @ . c7(; "= b ( B( ! 0 H c 5 ' & 5( #= 3 G
`
†K eo jvfevb 101
( B( ! 0 H c 5 ' & 5( 8 = 9 2 ; ( 6W H . @® . d7(; "= b ( B( ! 0 H c 5 '
& 5( ! D4(S # G $ & d( ` > r tF b & k(5( k(b
> D 6W H . @¯ . d7(; "= b
OJ 9 . [* / ! Dk& 9 /( = - cD-( 6W H . @° . d7(; "= b ( B( ! 0 H c 5 '
G 9/( $= 7 j 9 /( ! c 5 6W H . @± . d7(; "= b ( B( ! 0 H c 5 ' & 5(
@ d7(; "= b ( B( ! 0 H c 5 ' & 5( qP $ C& /( UP I
, 0 (
Av‡qkv (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔQqwU fvj êwkó¨ i‡q‡Q †h †Kvb
GKwU êwk‡óï Dci †Kvb gymjgvb gviv †M‡j Zv‡K Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek Kiv‡bvi
e¨vcv‡i Avj−vn wb‡RB hvwgb`vi| 1. †Kvb †jvK wRnv` Ki‡Z wM‡q gviv †M‡j
Avj−vn Zv‡K Rvbœv‡Z †`qvi e¨vcv‡i hvwgb`vi| 2. †Kvb †jvK Kv‡iv Rvbvhvq
wM‡q gviv †M‡j Avj−vn Zv‡K Rvbœv‡Z †Ìqvi e¨vcv‡i hvwgb`vi| 3. †Kvb †jvK
†Kvb Amy¯’ †jvK †`L‡Z wM‡q gviv †M‡j Zv‡K Rvbœv‡Z †`qvi e¨vcv‡i Avj−vn
hvwgb`vi| 4. †Kvb †jvK my›ì K‡i Ih~ Kij AZtci †Kvb QvjvZ Av`v‡qi Rb¨
gmwR‡` wM‡q gviv †Mj Avj−vn Zv‡K Rvbœv‡Z †`qvi e¨vcv‡i hvwgb`vi| 5. †Kvb
†jvK GKgvÎ kª×v Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨ †Kvb †bZvi wbKU †Mj Ges †mLv‡b †m gviv
†Mj Avj−vn Zv‡K Rvbœv‡Z †`qvi e¨vc‡i hvwgb`vi| 6. †Kvb †jvK evox‡Z _v‡K
Kv‡iv MxeZ K‡i bv Ges Zvi wbKU †Kvb kvw¯— ev mš‘wói Awf‡hvM Kiv nq bv
Ggb †jvK gviv †M‡j Zv‡K Rvbœv‡Z †`qvi e¨vcv‡i Avj−vn hvwgb`viÕ (wmjwmjv
Qnxnvn nv/618)| G nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, hviv DËgiƒ‡c Ih~ K‡i AZtci †h
†Kvb QvjvZ Av`v‡qi D‡Ï‡k¨ gmwR‡` hvq Ges †mLv‡b g„ZzëiY K‡i Ggb
†jvK‡K Rvbœv‡Z †`qvi e¨vcv‡i Avj−vn wb‡RB hvwgb`vi|
©
. (C& > -( ( 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : d b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
@! <( _ #> C( D ! ( : ( ( q A( ^(7$ & k& D ! " k& D E 5( $ 5( * ] D q( A( ^(7$ & g5( "* k(5(
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔhLb Bgvg Avgxb e‡jb, ZLb
†Zvgiv Avgxb ej| †Kbbv wdwikZvMYI ZLb Avgxb e‡jb| AZtci hvi Avgxb
wdwikZvM‡Yi Avgx‡bi mv‡_ wg‡j hv‡e, Zvi AZx‡Zi mg¯— ¸bvn ¶gv Kiv n‡eÕ
(eyLvix, wgkKvZ nv/825)|
102 †K eo jvfevb
AÎ nv`xQ Øviv eySv hvq †h, Avgxb †Rv‡i ej‡Z n‡e| wdwikZvMY Avgxb e‡jb,
Bgvg-gy³v`x mKj‡KB Avgxb ej‡Z n‡e| hvi Avgxb wdwikZvM‡Yi Avgx‡bi
mv‡_ wg‡j hv‡e Zvi AZx‡Zi mg¯— ¸bvn ¶gv Kiv n‡e|
_ 2 N -( O( ( 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : d b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
! 7(5( # G
5( 2 G L _ 2 N - c 7(9 9 Z C 9 c A <9 (Ui
> Z( [ ; # G
5( X( # G >
@. >" c 75( p k(5( 2 G
L ' - q ">G
&
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔAv`g mš—vb hLb wmR`vi AvqvZ
c‡o Ges wmR`v K‡i kqZvb ZLb Kuv`‡Z Kuv`‡Z GKw`‡K P‡j hvq Ges e‡j
nvq Avgvi `yf©vM¨! Av`g mš—vb‡K wmR`vi Av‡`k Kiv n‡j wmR`v K‡i, d‡j
Zvi Rb¨ RvbœvZ| Avi Avgv‡K wmR`vi Av‡`k Kiv n‡j Avwg A¯^xKvi Kwi, d‡j
Avgvi Rb¨ RvnvbœvgÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/895; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/835)| AÎ nv`xQ Øviv
cÖgvwYZ nq †h, wmR`vi cwiYvg RvbœvZ Avi wmR`v A¯^xKv‡ii cwiYvg Rvnvbœvg|
! ^ b
! Dk(5( 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . T p -( p "B Z( O( f s B( q( . ;
~ ( 3 p 7& O ? ( ( -( Z( (O q ">G
& c5 ?
C( 5( ?
k(, -( p
7& C 5( 6& , c Z( (C5( ! H
@2 G
L X m&A( ? & d(7; c "*; k(5( Z( (O
ivexÔAv Beby KvÔe (ivt) e‡jb Avwg ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi mv‡_ ivwÎ hvcb KiZvg|
GK`v Zuvi Ih~ I G‡¯—Ävi cvwb Dcw¯’Z Kijvg| wZwb Avgv‡K ej‡jb, †Zvgvi
wKQy PvIhvi _vK‡j PvI| Avwg ejjvg, †n Avj−vni ivm~j! Avwg Avcbvi mv‡_
Rvbœv‡Z _vK‡Z PvB| ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb, GQvov Avi wKQy PvI| Avwg ejjvg,
GUvB PvB| wZwb ej‡jb, Zvn‡j †ekx †ekx K‡i wmR`v K‡i G e¨vcv‡i Avgv‡K
mvnvh¨ KiÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/896; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/836)|
G nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, †ekx †ekx bdj QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡j ivm~j (Qvt)-
Gi mv‡_ Rvbœv‡Z _vKvi my‡hvM n‡e|
p 7& C 5( 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . d( ( r( p C ( Z( (O q( %
7& y( c -( ( # ;
q( m(m ! &k(, > r p A( 5( ! &k(, > r p
A( 5( q( ">G
& ! : c "7` # 9 ! 7$ ; -( 6s $ c <` -(
†K eo jvfevb 103
! 7 2 G
L X m&A( ?
7(; Z( (C5( 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z( , . ? ( ; p &k(, Z( (C5(
@qP )(U ` 0 ? "; qP H . 2 0 : ? 5(. XP # G
, ! 7 # G
D ( ?
>g5(
gvÔ`vb Beby Z¡vjnv Zv‡eC e‡jb, GK`v Avwg ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi `vm QvIevb (ivt)
Gi mv‡_ mv¶vr Kijvg Ges ejjvg, Avgv‡K Ggb GKUv Kv‡Ri mÜvb w`b hv
Øviv Avj−vn Avgv‡K Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek Kiv‡eb| wZwb Avgvi K_v ï‡b Pzc _vK‡jb|
Avwg cybivq Zv‡K wR‡Ám Kijvg, wZwb Pzc _vK‡jb| Z…Zxqevi Zuv‡K wR‡Ám
Kijvg| wZwb ej‡jb, Avwg wb‡R G e¨vcv‡i ivm~j (Qvt)-†K wR‡Ám K‡iwQjvg|
ZLb ivm~j (Qvt) Avgv‡K ej‡jb, Zzwg †ekx †ekx bdj QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡Z
_vK| KviY Zzwg hZ †ekx bdj QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡e Avj−vn ZZ gh©v`v e„w×
Ki‡eb Ges ¸bvn ¶gv Ki‡ebÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/897; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/837)| G
nv`xQ Øviv eySv hvq †h, Rvbœv‡Z hvIqvi GK we‡kl gva¨g bdj QvjvZ|
c> 7(; d7e
7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : d b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
@=i ; ! 7(; : d7e XP #
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h Avgvi cÖwZ GKevi ìƒ` cvV
K‡i Avj−vn Zvi cÖwZ `kevi ingZ el©Y K‡ibÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/921; evsjv wgkKvZ
nv/860)|
d7e : 7, ! 7(; d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : d b

. ?
s u -( ;
! ( p
5. '
s ()U ` i ; ! "; p
U '
s 7(e
i ; ! 7(; : d7e QPX# XP 4
(e c> 7(;
@' s H . 2 i
;
Avbvm (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h Avgvi Dci GKevi ìƒ` cvV K‡i
Avj−vn Zvi Dci `kevi ingZ el©Y K‡ib| Zvi `kwU ¸bvn gvd Kiv nq Ges
`kwU gh©v`v e„w× Kiv nqÕ (bvmvC, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, ZvnK¡xK¡ wgkKvZ nv/922; evsjv
wgkKvZ nv/861)|
Avj−vn‡K Lykx Kivi GKwU eo gva¨g Avj−vni ivm~‡ji cÖwZ ìƒ` cvV Kiv| G‡Z
Avj−vn gvby‡li cÖwZ ingZ el©Y K‡ib| gvby‡li ¸bvn ¶gv K‡ib Ges Zv‡ì
gh©v`v e„w× K‡ib|
104 †K eo jvfevb
Qvjv‡Zi ci whwKi I Zvmexn cvVKvix
†hme Avg‡ji gva¨‡g eo jvfevb nIqv hvq, Qvjv‡Zi ci whwKi I Zvmexn cvV
Kiv †m me Avg‡ji g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg| Gi gva¨‡g †Mvbvn gvd nq, gh©v`v e„w× nq,
A‡kl QIqve AwR©Z nq| Gg‡g© nv`x‡Q G‡m‡Q,
R <>, 7, ! 7(; d7e Z , . Z( (O : Z( (O ! "; : d b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
Qr4 ( r( Pr4 ( r( <>B( Qr4 ( r( Pr4
( r( F # $ Qr4(r Pr4 ( r( Xs 4
(e 6J B 2 c 5
! ( ? 7& ! ( Q!( ?
9 /( # : / ! /( : q )( _ $D ZO ( D> qW D ? 75(
@ % < # V 6( m& p
(B & 9(U` '
QY9# O( ts c 6J B d(7; 3 Q#$ (
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h e¨w³ cÖ‡Z¨K Qvjv‡Zi ci
33 evi myenvbvj−vn, 33 Avj-nvg`ywjj−vn Ges 33 evi Avj−vû AvKevi ejj, Zvi
n‡”Q †gvU 99 evi| AZtci GKkZ c~Y© Kivi Rb¨ ejj, / ( # : / ! /(
QY9# O( ts c 6J B d(7; 3 Q#$
( ! ( ?
7& ! ( Q!( ?
9 ÔAvj−vn Qvov †Kvb gvÔe~`
†bB, wZwb GKK, Zuvi †Kvb kixK †bB| ZuviB ivRZ¡, ZuviB cÖksmv Ges wZwb
n‡jb me©kw³gvb| H e¨w³i mg¯— ¸bvn gvd Kiv n‡e, Zvi ¸bv‡ni cwigvY
mgy‡`ªi †dbvi mgvb n‡jIÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/967; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/905)|
†h †Kvb QvjvZ †k‡l †Kvb gyQj−x hw` GB Zvmexn mg~n GB wbq‡g cvV K‡i,
Zvici GB †`vÔAvwU cvV K‡i, Zvn‡j Zvi mg¯— ¸bvn ¶gv Kiv n‡e Zvi ¸bvn
hZ †ekxB †nvK|
-( O& -( & -( 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . c -( Z( (O ! "; : d b
. s ; q( <C& ; ;
@Xs 4( e 6J B 2 c 5 ' (* $ &
DKev Beby Av‡gi (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) Avgv‡K ÔcÖ‡Z¨K Qvjv‡Zi ci m~iv
dvjvK¡ I m~iv bvm covi Rb¨ Av‡`k K‡i‡QbÕ (Avngv`, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, ZvnK¡x‡K¡
wgkKvZ nv/969; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/907)| G nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, dih-bdj †h
†Kvb Qvjv‡Zi mvjv‡gi ci m~iv dvjvK¡ I m~iv bvm cov GK ¸i“Z¡c~Y©
Av‡`km~PK mybœvZ| Gi QIqv‡ei †Kvb wnmve †bB|
†K eo jvfevb 105
T # O& -( & k(( 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : d b . ? s u -( ;
E ; -( & -( c> ( f L -( u $ i
> T 7U& D d> X # & X 4 (e d(D F ( B M& 9 _s O(
j D & -( d( S & X 4(e F ( B M& 9 _s O( T # O& -( & k(( Q6( $ , # & qP . -(
@qP . -( E ; -( & -( c> ( f L -( u $ i >
Avbvm (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ôhviv dR‡ii Qvjv‡Zi ci n‡Z m~‡h©v`q
ch©š— GB `xN© mgq e‡m Avj−vni whwKi K‡i, Zv‡ì mv‡_ †hvM`vb Kiv‡K Avwg
BmgvCj eskxq PviRb †jvK‡K Avhv` (gy³) Kivi †P‡qI DËg g‡b Kwi| Giƒc
hviv AvQ‡ii ci n‡Z m~h©v¯— ch©š— e‡m Avj−vni whwKi K‡i, Zv‡ì mv‡_ †hvM`vb
Kiv‡K PviRb †Mvjvg Avhv` Kivi †P‡qI DËg g‡b KwiÕ (Avey`vE`, nv`xQ Qnxn,
Avjevbx ZvnK¡xK¡ wgkKvZ nv/970; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/908)|
AÎ nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, AvQ‡ii ci n‡Z m~h©v¯— ch©š— Ges dR‡ii ci
n‡Z m~‡h©v`q ch©š— whwKi Ki‡j 8 Rb †Mvjvg Avhv` Kivi mgvb †bKx cvIqv
hv‡e| Avi GB Avgj Avj−vni ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi wbKU AZxe wcÖq|
d7e 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : d b . ? s u -( ;
! ( p (B B& . d7e > r u
$ i
> T 7U& D d> F B M& 9 # O( > r qs ; $H c 5 X( # &
@qs > D qs > D qs > D Xs $ ; qs G
> H k(B(
Avbvm (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ôhviv dR‡ii Qvjv‡Zi ci n‡Z m~‡h©v`q
ch©š— e‡m Avj−vni whwKi K‡i, Zvici `yÕivKÔAvZ bdj QvjvZ Av`vq K‡i Zvi
Rb¨ n¾ I Igiv cvj‡bi b¨vq QvIqve i‡q‡Q| Avbvm (ivt) e‡jb, bex Kixg
(Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, c~Y© c~Y©| A_©vr c~Y© n¾ I Igivi †bKx cv‡eÕ (wZiwghx nv/971, G
nv`x‡Qi kv‡n` i‡q‡Q)| G nv`xQ Øviv eySv hvq dR‡ii Qvjv‡Zi ci n‡Z m~‡h©v`q
ch©š— whwKi Kivi ci `yÕivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡j cÖPzi cwigv‡Y †bKxi
AwaKvix nIqv hv‡e|
2 ; ( d7(; 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z( , . p
$ , Z( (O ! "; : d b . q( - c -( ;
q ">G &( Z ` 2 ! "$ 9 ( Xs 4
(e 6J B 2 c* , A &( q( 9N -( O( Z C 9 <"$ & M( 3
@' $ &(
106 †K eo jvfevb
Avey Dgvgv (ivt) e‡jb, Avwg ivm~j (Qvt)-†K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ, wZwb GB Kv‡Vi
wg¤^v‡ii Dci ùvwo‡q e‡jwQ‡jb, †h e¨w³ †h †Kvb Qvjv‡Zi ci AvqvZyj Kzimx
co‡e, Zvi Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z giY e¨ZxZ Avi wKQy cÖwZeÜK _vK‡e bvÕ
(Kzeiv, bvmvC, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, ZvnK¡xK¡ wgkKvZ UxKv bs 2, c„t 308)|
e¨vL¨v : dih-bdj †h †Kvb Qvjv‡Zi ci AvqvZzj Kzimx cov GK ¸i“Z¡c~Y©

mybœvZ, hvi wewbgq RvbœvZ|
x S "9 & -( 6( <O( Z( (O :Z( (O 7, !7; d7e d* <"> ; Qs"( $ > # <; ;
?
7& $ & ! ( Q!( ? 9 /( # : / ! ( /( QR<S L j $ & X 4e ! 7(H . d "m&9
! ( f
B ' s > i ; QY9# O( ts d 6J B d(7; 3 Qp$ 9 d % 9 QI & # # $ %
& ! (
p
(B Qs'H. 2 i ; ! ( T 5. Qs'()*, i ; ! "; d % Qs'" i ; Xs # 6J A
Q~ i* / ! B . # 9 fs M( 6 % 9 ( QH > (Ui> V= Qs A& 6J B =V
@Z( (O >$ 6( 8 5& -( Z C 9 4
P H . / v >" 6 8 5& -( ( (B
Ave`yi ingvb Beby Mvbvg (ivt) bex Kixg (Qvt) †_‡K eY©bv K‡ib †h, wZwb
e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h gvMwie I dR‡ii Qvjv‡Zi ci `kevi ej‡e, Avj−vn e¨ZxZ †Kvb
Dcvm¨ †bB, wZwb GKK, Zuvi †Kvb kixK †bB, ZviB ivRZ¡, ZuviB mg¯— cÖksmv,
Zuvi nv‡ZB mg¯— Kj¨vY, wZwb mKj‡K RxweZ K‡ib Ges g„Zz¨ NUvb, wZwb mg¯—
wel‡qi Dci ¶gZvevb| Ggb e¨w³i Rb¨ cÖ‡Z¨K k‡ãi cwie‡Z© `kwU †bKx
†jLv n‡e, Zvi `kwU ¸bvn gy‡Q †`qv n‡e, Zvi `kwU gh©v`v e„w× Kiv n‡e|
GQvovI G †`vÔAvwU Zvi Rb¨ cÖ‡Z¨K g›` KvR n‡Z i¶K n‡e Ges weZvwoZ
kqZvb n‡ZI i¶vKeR n‡e| Gi e‡`Šj‡Z †Kvb ¸bvn Zv‡K ¯úk© Ki‡Z cvi‡e
bv| (A_©vr wkiK e¨ZxZ) †Kvb wKQyB Zv‡K aŸsm Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| H e¨w³ n‡e
mg¯— gvbyl A‡c¶v DËg AvgjKvix| Z‡e †h Gi †P‡qI DËg K_v ej‡e †m
Aek¨ Gi †P‡q DËg n‡eÕ (wZiwghx, nv`xQ Qnxn, hv`yj gvÔAv` 1/290c„t)|
D‡j−wLZ nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, D³ †`vÔAvwU mKvj-mÜ¨v 10 evi cvV Ki‡j
10wU K‡i †bKx n‡e, 10wU K‡i ¸bvn gy‡Q hv‡e, 10wU gh©v`v e„w× cv‡e| †h †Kvb
Acm›`bxq Kv‡Ri cÖwZeÜK n‡e| weZvwoZ kqZvb n‡Z i¶v cv‡e| wkiK Qvov
†Kvb ¸bvn Zv‡K aŸsm Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| gvby‡li g‡a¨ me‡P‡q DËg AvgjKvix
e‡j MY¨ n‡e|
†K eo jvfevb 107
7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O :p ((O 0"; : ( c b . " ] $ &( _* - q( << _* - ;
0 Kl ( 6( <O( =. -( q ">G
& c5 p Y > 0 ! ( c " qs 7(( _s 9 c 5 qP B& . X( i ; "r& d7e
X 4(e 6( <O( B& . Qt i & # B& . Qj $ &( # B& . Q3# B& .
@ G ( &
D¤§y nvexev (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h e¨w³ w`b-iv‡Z evi ivKÔAvZ
bdj QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡e, Zvi Rb¨ Rvbœv‡Z GKwU Ni wbg©vY Kiv n‡e| Pvi
ivKÔAvZ †hvn‡ii c~‡e©, `yB ivKÔAvZ †hvn‡ii c‡i, `yB ivKÔAvZ gvMwi‡ei c‡i,
`yB ivKÔAvZ Gkvi c‡i Ges `yÕivKÔAvZ dR‡ii c~‡e©Õ (wZiwghx, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx,
ZvnK¡x‡K¡ wgkKvZ nv/1159; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1091)|
G nv`xQ Øviv eySv hvq †h, cuvP Iqv³ Qvjv‡Zi mv‡_ evi ivKÔAvZ bdj QvjvZ
Av`vq Ki‡j cÖwZ evi ivKÔAv‡Zi wewbg‡q Rvbœv‡Z GKwU K‡i Ni wbg©vY Kiv
n‡e|
7, ! 7(; : d7e Z( , . p $ , p ((O 0"; : ( c b . " ] $ &( _* - q( << _* - ;
@. >"( d(7; : ( ! > 3# Ts . -( 0 Kl ( 6( <O( '
s B( . T . -( d(7; ¡ ( 5( Z C 9
D¤§y nvexev (ivt) e‡jb, Avwg ivm~j (Qvt)†K ej‡Z ky‡bwQ, Ô†h e¨w³ eivei
†hvn‡ii c~‡e© Pvi ivKÔAvZ Ges †hvn‡ii c‡i Pvi ivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡e
Avj−vn Zv‡K Rvnvbœv‡gi cÖwZ nvivg K‡i w`‡ebÕ (Avngv`, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, ZvnK¡xK¡
AÎ nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, †hvn‡ii c~‡e© Pvi ivKÔAvZ Ges c‡i Pvi
ivKÔAvZ mybœvZ QvjvZ cov hvq| Gi cÖwZ`v‡b Rvnvbœvg‡K Zvi cÖwZ nvivg Kiv
n‡e| Giƒc AvgjKvix Rvnvbœv‡g hv‡e bv eis Rvbœv‡Z hv‡e|
cJ7S
9 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . ( (B Z( (O ! "; : ( c b . f
^> # <; ;
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Ave`yj−vn Beby mv‡qe (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) m~h© X‡j hvIqvi ci †hvn‡ii c~‡e©
Pvi ivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡Zb Ges ej‡Zb †h GB mgq Ggb GK mgq
108 †K eo jvfevb
hv‡Z Avmgv‡bi ìRv mg~n †Lvjv nq| AZGe Avwg fvjvevwm †h G mgq Avgvi
fvj Avgj Dc‡i D‡V hvKÕ (wZiwghx, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, ZvnK¡xK¡ wgkKvZ nv/1169; evsjv
wgkKvZ nv/1101)|
e¨vL¨v : m~h© XjvgvÎ Avmgv‡bi ìRv †Lvjv nq| cÖ‡Z¨K gvby‡li Rb¨ KZ©e¨
Gmgq wKQy mr Avgj Dc‡i cvVv‡bvi eë¯’v Kiv| GRb¨ †hvn‡ii c~‡e© Pvi
ivKÔAvZ bdj QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv fvj|
t : . 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : ( c b . $ ; ;
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& 6( <O( d7e

Ave`yj−vn Beby Igi (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h e¨w³ AvQ‡ii c~‡e© Pvi
ivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq K‡i Avj−vn Zvi cÖwZ ingZ el©Y K‡ibÕ (Avngv`, nv`xQ
Qnxn, ZvnK¡xK¡ wgkKvZ nv/1170)| Ab¨ eY©bvq i‡q‡Q, ivm~j (Qvt) AvQ‡ii c~‡e©
`yÕivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡Zb (Avey`vE`, nv`xQ Qvnxn, ZvnK¡xK¡ wgkKvZ nv/1172; evsjv
wgkKvZ nv/1104)|
e¨vL¨v : AvQ‡ii c~‡e© †Kvb e¨w³ Pvi ivKÔAvZ bdj QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡j Avj−vn
Zvi cÖwZ we‡kl ingZ el©Y K‡ib| Ggb e¨w³i cÖwZ Avj−vni ivm~j (Qvt) ingZ
el©‡Yi †`vÔAv K‡i‡Qb| Z‡e AvQ‡ii c~‡e© `yÕivKÔAvZI cov hvq|
Y ` G
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Av‡qkv (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔdR‡ii c~‡e©i
`yÕivKÔAvZ QvjvZ c„w_ex I c„w_exi mg¯— m¤ú` A‡c¶v DËgÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ
e¨vL¨v : mybœvZ mg~‡ni g‡a¨ me©v‡c¶v AwaK ¸i“Z¡c~Y© mybœvZ n‡”Q dR‡ii c~‡e©i
`yÕivKÔAvZ mybœvZ| G m~bœv‡Z KZ Kj¨vY Av‡Q, Zv gvby‡li c‡¶ wnmve Kiv
mva¨vZxZ e¨vcvi| Zvici †hvn‡ii c~‡e© Pvi ivKÔAvZ, Zvici †hvn‡ii
`yÕivKÔAvZ Zvici gvMwi‡ei c‡i `yÕivKÔAvZ, Zvici Gkvi ci `yÕivKÔAvZ
avivevwnK ¸i“Z¡ enb K‡i| cÖKvk _v‡K †h, gvMwi‡ei ci Qq ivKÔAvZ bdj
covi cÖgv‡Y ewY©Z nv`xQwU Rvj (Avjevbx, ZvnK¡xK¡ wgkKvZ nv/1173)| gvMwi‡ei ci
wek ivKÔAvZ bdj QvjvZ covi cÖgv‡Y ewY©Z nv`xQwUI Rvj (Avjevbx, ZvnK¡xK¡
†K eo jvfevb 109
wgkKvZ nv/1174)| Gkvi ci Pvi ivKÔAvZ ev Qq ivKÔAvZ QvjvZ covi cÖgv‡Y
ewY©Z nv`xQwUI wbZvš—B hCd (Avjevbx, ZvnK¡xK¡ wgkKvZ nv/1175)|
Z C 9 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z( , . p $ , Z( (O ! "; : ( c b . j UI & $ ; ;
ts c ( Q % > X 4
(e
c 5 > 0 7m&$ f
% D Z [> # 0 Kl 6( <O( '
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@q( ; > ? 7& D F R <* 9 /
Igi (ivt) e‡jb, Avwg ivm~j (Qvt)†K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ, Ôm~h© X‡j hvIqvi ci
†hvn‡ii c~‡e© Pvi ivKÔAvZ Qvjv‡Zi †bKx †kl iv‡Zi Qvjv‡Zi mgvb Kiv nq|
m~h© X‡j hvIqv gvÎ c„w_exi me wKQy Avj−vni Zvmexn cvV Ki‡Z _v‡KÕ (wZiwghx,
Avjevbx, ZvnK¡xK¡ wgkKvZ, 1177 bs nv`x‡Qi UxKv `ªt nv`xQ Qnxn)| †kl iv‡Z †hgb Avj−vni
we‡kl ingZ el©Y nq †Zgb m~h© Xjv gvÎ ingZ el©Y n‡q _v‡K| Avi G mg‡q
mewKQy Avj−vni cweÎZv eY©bv K‡i|
iv‡Z QvjvZ Av`vqKvix
AZxZKv‡j mr gvby‡li Avgj wQj iv‡Z QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv| bexM‡Yi bxwZ wQj
iv‡Z Zvmexn-Zvnjxj I whwKi Kiv| Rvbœv‡Z D”P ¯’vb I eo gh©v`v cvIqvi
me‡P‡q eo gva¨g n‡”Q iv‡Z QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv| Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv e‡jb, d(5GD
@T H 8$ & ; 0 "H ÔgyËvK¡x e¨w³‡ì wcV iv‡Z weQvbv †_‡K Avjv`v n‡q
_v‡KÕ (mvR`v 16)| Ab¨Î Avj−vn e‡jb, . %, k(& Q( G
0 9 6 7 4
P 7O( (B
@( 9 3 ÔZviv iv‡Z Kg NygvZ Ges iv‡Z Avj−vni wbKU ¶gv cÖv_©bv KiZÕ
(hvwiqvZ 17-18)| Avj−vn Ab¨Î e‡jb, @4 P 9 y( 4 P ( ! %
<*, ! ( # G
, (5 6 7 Ô†n
bex! Avcwb Avj−vni Rb¨ iv‡Z QvjvZ Av`vq Ki“b Ges `xN© mgq Zvi Zvmexn
cvV Ki“bÕ (`vnvi 26)|
7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : ( c b . & $ ; # <; ;
_ (O (C& f
B qs 9N q ^($ _ (O 75& f
A& 9 ' s 9N i
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Ave`yj−vn Beby Avgi Be‡b AvQ (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h e¨w³ iv‡Z
Qvjv‡Z ùvwo‡q `kwU AvqvZ cvV K‡i Zv‡K Ajm‡ì g‡a¨ MY¨ Kiv n‡e bv|
110 †K eo jvfevb
Avi †h e¨w³ 100 AvqvZ †ZjvIqvZ K‡i Zv‡K webqx‡ì g‡a¨ MY¨ Kiv n‡e|
†h e¨w³ GK nvhvi AvqvZ †ZjvIqvZ K‡i Zv‡K AwaK Kvh©Kvix‡ì g‡a¨ MY¨
Kiv n‡eÕ (Avey`vE`, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, ZvnK¡xK¡ wgkKvZ nv/1201)|
e¨vL¨v : iv‡Z †Kvb e¨w³ Qvjv‡Zi gva¨‡g 10 AvqvZ †ZjvIqvZ Ki‡j †m iv‡Z
QvjvZ Av`vqKvix e‡j MY¨ n‡e| 100 AvqvZ †ZjvIqvZKvix webqx gyËvK¡x e‡j
MY¨ n‡e Ges hviv 1000 AvqvZ †ZjvIqvZ K‡i Zviv eo mdjZv AR©bKvix
wnmv‡e MY¨ n‡e|
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Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : ( c b
. p
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& ( %<, Y 9#O( ts c
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G
, ;2 > r Z( (O -( c & j
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Iev`v Beby Qv‡gZ (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h e¨w³ iv‡Z RvMÖZ n‡q
e‡j, Y 9#O( ts c
6J B d(7; 3 # $ %
& ! ( ?
7& $ & ! ( ! ( ?
9 /( # : / ! ( /(
X( > O ( Z( ( <B& -( : : ! ( ( ! 7 # $ %
& ( %<, Avj−vn
e¨ZxZ †Kvb cÖK…Z gvÔe~` †bB, wZwb GKK, Zuvi †Kvb kixK †bB, ivRZ¡ Zuvi
nv‡Z, mg¯— cÖksmv GKgvÎ Zuvi Rb¨, wZwb me©kw³gvb| Avwg Avj−vni cweÎZv
eY©bv KiwQ| mg¯— cÖksmv Avj−vni| Avj−vn e¨ZxZ †Kvb gvÔe~` †bB| Avj−vn AwZ
gnvb| Avj−vni mvnvh¨ e¨ZxZ Avgvi †Kvb kw³ I mvg_©¨ †bB| AZtci e‡j †n
Avgvi cÖwZcvjK! Zzwg Avgv‡K ¶gv Ki| Avj−vn Zvi cÖv_©bv Keyj K‡ib| Avi
hw` †m Ih~ K‡i QvjvZ Av`vq K‡i Zvn‡j Avj−vn Zvi QvjvZ Keyj K‡ibÕ (eyLvix,
iv‡Z D‡V AÎ †`vÔAvwU ejv fvj| AÎ †`vÔAvi ci cÖv_©bv Ki‡j Zv Keyj Kiv
n‡e| †`vÔAvwU covi ci Ih~ K‡i QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡j Zvi QvjvZ Keyj Kiv
n‡e|
s 7 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! " ; : ( c b . 6s <H ;
@ >9 : (U; -( / =` F Z k( 5( 6 7 .L 5( =3 (y s B& d(7; p
<9
†K eo jvfevb 111
gyÔAvh Be‡b Rvevj (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h †Kvb gymjgvb Ih~
Ae¯’vq Avj−vni whwKi K‡i mÜ¨vq kqb K‡i Ges iv‡Z D‡V Avj−vni wbKU †Kvb
Kj¨vY Pvq Avj−vn wbðqB Zv‡K Zv `vb K‡ibÕ (Avngv`, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, ZvnK¡xK¡
e¨vL¨v : Ih~ Ae¯’vq †`vÔAv c‡o Nygv‡bv mybœvZ| Ggb e¨w³ iv‡Z D‡V Avj−vni
Kv‡Q wKQy PvB‡j Avj−vn Zv‡K Zv w`‡eb|
(Ui> # C 9 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : ( c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
6W ( ?
7(; QsX# C& ; 6J B d(7; j 8 9 s#C( ; { ( 4( r( _ 3 ( B # -( v -&. q 5(O d(7;
d7e & g5( QWX# C& ; p 7% k(b > D & g5( QWX# C& ; p
7%
B( M( 5( ¡ ( C( , g5( Q# O. (5 6W 9y(
@( 4 ( B( u & "> w ( <` R <e -( / Qu& "> f *y( PUi R <e k(5( QWX# C& ; p 7%
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔhLb †Zvgv‡ì †KD Nygvq
kqZvb Zvi gv_vi wcQb w`‡K wZbwU wMiv †`q Ges cÖ‡Z¨K wMivi Dci †gvni
gv‡i ev _vev †g‡i e‡j, ivZ A‡bK Av‡Q Zzwg wbwð‡š— NygvI| hw` †m Rv‡M Ges
†`vÔAv c‡o Zvn‡j GKwU wMiv Ly‡j hvq| Zvici hw` †m Ih~ K‡i AviI GKwU
wMiv Ly‡j hvq| Zvici hw` †m QvjvZ Av`vq K‡i Z‡e Aci wMivwUI Ly‡j hvq
Ges †m mKv‡j cÖdzj− gb cweÎ Aš—‡i mKvj K‡i| Ab¨_v †m mKv‡j D‡V
KjywlZ Aš—i I Ajm g‡bÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1219; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1151)|
e¨vL¨v : Bev`‡Zi D‡Ï‡k¨ iv‡Z DVvi wei“‡× kqZv‡bi cÖej evav`vb‡KB wZbwU
wMiv Øviv eywS‡q‡Qb| iv‡Z D‡V Bev`Z Ki‡Z cvi‡j kqZv‡bi D‡Ïk¨ evwZj
nq| kqZv‡bi cÖ‡Póv wbõj nq| Ggb e¨w³ Avj−vni ing‡Z cÖdzj− nq| d‡j †m
D¾¡j †Pnvivq DÏgx n‡q cÖdzj− g‡b mKvj K‡i| c¶vš—‡i Abïv gb giv I
D`vmxb n‡q KjywlZ Aš—‡i mKvj K‡i|
6( C 5( # O( p
.> D d> 7, ! 7(; : d7e cL <"> _ (O Z( (O ! "; : ( c b
. X $ & ;
=#<; B -( 4 ( 5(-( Z( (O Q `> kD ? <( _ #> C( D ?
( # O( (M3 T "S D ! (
@=. A
112 †K eo jvfevb
gyMxivn Beby ïÔev (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, bex Kixg (Qvt) iv‡Zi Qvjv‡Z
GZ `xN© mgq ùvwo‡q _vK‡Zb, hv‡Z Zuvi cv‡qi cvZv dz‡j †hZ| ZLb Zvu‡K
ejv nj, Avcwb Giƒc †Kb K‡ib? Avj−vn‡Zv Avcbvi c~e©vci mg¯— ¸bvn gvd
K‡i w`‡q‡Qb| wZwb ej‡jb, Avwg wK Avj−vni GKRb K…ZÁ ev›`v ne bvÕ? (eyLvix,
gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1220; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1152)|
e¨vL¨v : cÖ‡Z¨K gvby‡li Rb¨ `yÕwU Kvi‡Y iv‡Z D‡V Bev`Z Kiv KZ©e¨ 1. ¶gv
PvIqvi D‡Ï‡k¨, 2. Avj−vni ïKwiqv Av`v‡qi D‡Ï‡k¨|
~ . <D "L. Z [ "9 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
c ; # 9 Z C 9 ` a& 6 7 w 7r d(C<9 #L t $> d( qs 7(( 6 B d(D
@! ( & k(5( c 9> ! U ; k5( c "k( 9 ! ( f G
, k(5(
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Avgv‡ì cÖwZcvjK cÖ‡Z¨K
iv‡ZB GB wbKUeZ©x AvKv‡k AeZxY© nb, hLb iv‡Zi †kl Z…Zxq fvM Aewkó
_v‡K Ges ej‡Z _v‡Kb †K Av‡Q †h, Avgv‡K Wv‡K Avwg Zvi Wv‡K mvov wè|
†K Av‡Q †h Avgvi wbKU wKQy Pvq Avwg Zv‡K Zv `vb Kie Ges †K Av‡Q †h
Avgvi wbKU ¶gv Pvq, Avwg Zv‡K ¶gv KieÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1223; evsjv wgkKvZ
nv/1155)|
e¨vL¨v : nv`x‡Q Avj−vni Adziš— `qv I ing‡Zi cÖgvY cvIqv hvq| Avj−vn
gnvkw³kvjx nIqvi c‡iI cÖwZ‡kva wb‡Z Pvb bv| `ywbqv‡Z KZ gvbyl KZfv‡e
¸bvn Ki‡Q Zvi BqËv †bB| ZeyI wZwb mK‡ji wec` D×vi Kivi Rb¨ Ges
mK‡ji ¸bvn ¶gv Kivi Rb¨ mevB‡K †W‡K e‡jb, wec‡` Avgv‡K WvK Avwg
†Zvgv‡ì Wv‡K mvov wè| †Kvb cÖ‡qvRb n‡j Avgvi Kv‡Q PvI, Avwg wè|
Avgvi Kv‡Q ¸bvn ¶gv PvI, Avwg ¶gv Kie|
6 7 c5 Z C 9 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z( , . p
$ , Z( (O ! "; : c b . s H ;
(U; - / QX ` #L - P` d(D Z k( 9 Y 7 6W H . 0C 59 /( QPq; (
@qs 7(( 6 B ? ( Q>9
Rvwei (ivt) e‡jb, Avwg ivm~j (Qvt)†K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ, wZwb e‡jwQ‡jb, Ôiv‡Îi
g‡a¨ Ggb GKwU mgq Av‡Q, hw` †Kvb gymjgvb †m mgq jvf Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges
†K eo jvfevb 113
Avj−vni wbKU BKv‡ji †Kvb Kj¨vY Pvq Avj−vn Zv‡K Zv `vb K‡ib| Avi GB
mgqwU cÖ‡Z¨K iv‡ZB i‡q‡QÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1224; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1156)| e¨vL¨v :
GB we‡kl gyn~Z© †Kvb iv‡Zi g‡a¨ mxgve× bq| cÖ‡Z¨K iv‡ZB N‡U| Gmgq
mevi AbymÜvb Kiv DwPZ|
6 7 _ C A 7(; 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . q( - c -( ;
@ r&g& ; XW 0" ' ()*> 7 XW A( A *. d( qW O 3 A 7(<O( %
>S j -(2 ! >g5(
Avey Dgvgv (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†Zvgv‡ì Rb¨ iv‡Z QvjvZ Av`vq
Kiv DwPZ| iv‡Z Bev`Z Kiv n‡”Q †Zvgv‡ì c~e©eZ©x †bK †jvK‡ì wbqg|
†Zvgv‡ì Rb¨ †Zvgv‡ì cÖwZcvj‡Ki ˆbKU¨ jv‡fi cš’v, ¸bvn gv‡di Dcvq
Ges Aciva, Ak−xjZv n‡Z weiZ _vKvi gva¨gÕ (wZiwghx, nv`xQ Qnxn, ZvnK¡xK¡ wgkKvZ
e¨vL¨v : ivm~j (Qvt) gvbyl‡K iv‡Z Bev`Z Kivi Rb¨ DØy× K‡i‡Qb| iv‡Z
Bev`Z cÖwZcvj‡Ki mš‘wó jv‡fi eo gva¨g| cvc †gvP‡bi eo Dcvq| Aciva,
Ak−xjZv n‡Z weiZ _vKvi eo gva¨g| iv‡Z Bev`Z Kiv c~e©eZ©x †bK †jvK‡ì
wbqg|
P7H . : . 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
: . tF $& 00 H c 5 R 8 p -( & g5( p
7S
5( ! D-( ¡
( C( 9-( > r d7S
5( 6 7 _ (O
! 0 H c 5 p
% 8 d-( & g5( d7S 5( 0H V p K( C( 9-( > r p 7S
5( 6 7 p (O XP -(
@tF $&
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvj−vn Ggb e¨w³i cÖwZ `qv
K‡ib †h e¨w³ iv‡Z D‡V QvjvZ Av`vq K‡i, ¯^xq ¯¿x‡KI RvMvq Ges †mI QvjvZ
Av`vq K‡i| Avi hw` †m DV‡Z A¯^xKvi K‡i Zvn‡j Zvi gy‡Li Dci cvwb
wQwU‡q †`q| Abyiƒc Avj−vn `qv K‡ib †mB ¯¿x †jv‡Ki cÖwZ †h iv‡Z D‡V QvjvZ
Av`vq K‡i| wb‡Ri ¯^vgx‡KI RvMvq Ges †mI QvjvZ Av`vq K‡i| Avi hw` †m
DV‡Z A¯^xKvi K‡i Zvn‡j Zvi gy‡L cvwb wQwU‡q †`qÕ (bvmvC, wgkKvZ nv/1230)|
114 †K eo jvfevb
e¨vL¨v : †h me bvix-cyi“l iv‡Z D‡V Bev`Z K‡i Ges ¯¿x ev ¯^vgx‡K Bev`Z
Kivi Rb¨ RvMÖZ K‡i, Zv‡ì cÖwZ Avj−vn ingZ el©Y K‡ib| Zv‡ì cÖwZ ivhx-
Lywk _v‡Kb|
5P q ">G
& c5 : 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z ,. Z( (O :Z( (O Q*1 k(& ? s c -( ;
y& -( Q_(7A( & ( (-( $ : 3#> ; -( 3 3 ( 0"y 0"y 3 3 ( 9
@_Y v
>" 6 7 d7e
Q_S
* T D Q_U
Avey gvwjK AvkÔAvix (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔRvbœv‡Zi g‡a¨ Ggb
gm„Y cÖvmv` i‡q‡Q hvi evwn‡ii wRwbm mg~n wfZi n‡Z Ges wfZ‡ii wRwbm mg~n
evwni n‡Z †`Lv hvq| †mme cÖvmv` Avj−vn Ggb e¨w³i Rb¨ cÖ¯‘Z K‡i †i‡L‡Qb
†h e¨w³ gvby‡li mv‡_ big K_v e‡j, ¶zavZ©‡K †L‡Z †`h, wbqwgZ wQqvg cvjb
K‡i Ges iv‡Z gvbyl hLb Nywg‡q _v‡K ZLb QvjvZ Av`vq K‡iÕ (evqnvK¡x, nv`xQ
Qnxn, Avjevbx, wgkKvZ nv/1232; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1164)|
e¨vL¨v : G nv`xQ Øviv eySv hvq PviwU Kv‡Ri wewbg‡q Avj−vn gvby‡li Rb¨ Rvbœv‡Z
DbœZgv‡bi cÖvmv‡ì eë¯’v K‡i‡Qb| 1. kvš— †gRv‡h axi K‡É big fvlvq K_v
ejv| 2. ¶zavZ©‡K Lv`¨ cÖ`vb Kiv| 3. wbqwgZ †ekx †ekx wQqvg cvjb Kiv| 4.
iv‡Z gvbyl hLb Nywg‡q _v‡K ZLb QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv| Gmgq Avj−vn gvby‡li
cÖv_©bv Keyj K‡ib Ges Gmgq Bev`Z Ki‡j Avj−vn ingZ el©Y K‡ib|
6 H > ¡
( C( 9-( ( 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . Z( (O /( (O X( 9 3 c -( #s , c -( ;
@' B M 9 B M c5 <B =$ H B& . d7e
-( 7S
5( 6 7 ! 7(3 -(
Avey mvC` Lyìx I Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔhLb †Kvb
e¨w³ iv‡Z ¯^xq ¯¿x‡K RvMvq, AZtci Df‡q c„_Kfv‡e A_ev GKmv‡_ `yB
ivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq K‡i ZLb Zviv Avj−vn‡K ¯§iYKvix I ¯§iYKvwiYx‡ì
Aš—f©y³ nqÕ (Beby gvRvn, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, ZvnK¡xK¡ wgkKvZ nv/1238; evsjv wgkKvZ
nv/1169)|
e¨vL¨v : †h ¯^vgx-¯¿x iv‡Z D‡V GKmv‡_ QvjvZ Av`vq K‡i, Avj−vn Zv‡ì‡K
whwKiKvix‡ì Aš—f©y³ K‡i †`b|
GkivK ev Pvk‡Zi QvjvZ Av`vqKvix
†K eo jvfevb 115
†hme QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡j Lye †ekx †bKx cvIqv hvq Zvi g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg n‡”Q
Pvk‡Zi QvjvZ| m~‡h©v`‡qi ci n‡Z m~h© w¯’i nIqvi c~e© ch©š— mgq‡K †hvnv ev
PvkZ e‡j| c~e©eZ©x bexMY GB mg‡q QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡Zb| †ekx Kj¨v‡Yi
Avkvq GB QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv DwPZ|
6J B d(7; R <S 9 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . .n ( c -( ;
qs 7( 70 D 6l B Qq(O# e
Xs #$ % D 6l B QWqO(# e
qs %
< D 6l A 5( : qW O#e B # -( d4 ( ,
©
[ G 9 QWqO#e A( " ; cY 0 QWqO#e x $ & Y - QWqO(# e
Xs <A& D 6l B QWqO(# e

@d%8 L $ 0 B( 9 B& . ?
Avey hvi wMdvix (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔmKvj nIqv gvÎB †Zvgv‡ì
cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki cÖwZwU MÖwš’i Rb¨ GKwU Qv`vKv Kiv Avek¨K| Z‡e (g‡b †i‡Lv)
†Zvgv‡ì cÖ‡Z¨K Zvmexn GKwU Qv`vKv, cÖ‡Z¨K Zvngx` GKwU Qv`vKv, cÖ‡Z¨K
Zvnjxj GKwU Qv`vKv, cÖ‡Z¨K ZvKexi GKwU Qv`vKv Ges mrKv‡Ri Av‡`k
GKwU Qv`vKv Ges Amr Kv‡R wb‡la GKwU Qv`vKv| Aek¨ GkivK ev Pvk‡Zi
`yÕivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv Gm‡ei cwie‡Z© h‡_óÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1311; evsjv
wgkKvZ nv/1236)|
e¨vL¨v : Avgv‡ì kix‡ii cÖ‡Z¨K AYy-cigvYyi Rb¨ GKUv `vb Kiv Avek¨K|
Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv Avgv‡ì cÖwZ `qv K‡i wb‡æi kã¸wj‡K `vb ¯îƒc cÖ`vb
K‡i‡Qb| myenvbvj−vn, Avj-nvg`ywjj−vn, jv Bjvnv Bj−vj−vn, Avj−vû AvKevi|
AZGe GB kã¸wj e‡j Avj−vni ïKwiqv Av`vq Kiv DwPZ| Z‡e Pvk‡Zi QvjvZ
ïKwiqv Av`v‡qi m‡ev©Ëg gva¨g| Gme Zvmexn cvV K‡i hZ †bKx cvIqv hv‡e
Pvk‡Zi `yivKÕAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡j ZZ †bKx cvIqv hv‡e|
; 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O /( (O $0 "; : c b . .n ( c -( Qt2. #> c-( ;
?
B& -( . 0"> Z > -( '
s B( . T . -( c T B( . _ 2 N 9 Z( O( ! >-( d( D ~ . <D
@ ` N
Avey `vi`v I Avey hvi wMdvix (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Avj−vn e‡jb,
Ô†n Av`g mš—vb! Zzwg Avgvi Rb¨ w`‡bi cÖ_gvs‡k Pvi ivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq
Ki| Avwg w`‡bi †klvs‡k †Zvgvi Rb¨ h‡_ó neÕ| A_©vr Avwg w`‡bi †klvs‡kB
116 †K eo jvfevb
†Zvgvi D‡Ïk¨ c~Y© Kie (wZiwghx, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, ZvnK¡xK¡ wgkKvZ nv/1313; evsjv
wgkKvZ nv/1238)|
G nv`xQ Øviv eySv hvq †h, gvbyl †h Avkv wb‡q w`‡bi cÖ_gvs‡k Pvk‡Zi QvjvZ
Av`vq Ki‡e, w`‡bi †klvs‡k Avj−vn Zvi †m Avkv c~Y© Ki‡eb|
g& c5 Z C 9 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z( , . p $ , Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( # 9 ;
E U 9 (O qs O(# S
! " 6s S & 6J B ; h #> S 9 & -( ! 7( 5( 4
PS & ( L, qs ^( { 4 ( r(
# G
D & g5( E 9 U ; ! %* "D t: c i
> 0"5# D # G
$ & c5 q ; I"L Z( (O c> < 9 ? (
@? ^[ G D d%8 L B& 5(
eyivq`v (ivt) e‡jb, Avwg ivm~j (Qvt)-†K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ, Ôgvby‡li g‡a¨ wZbkZ
lvUwU MÖwš’ i‡q‡Q| myZivs Zvi c‡¶ cÖ‡Z¨K MÖwš’i cwie‡Z© GKwU Qv`vKv Kiv
Avek¨K| QvnvexMY ej‡jb, gmwR‡` _y_y †`L‡j Zv gy‡Q `vI Ges Kó`vqK e¯‘
iv¯—vq †`L‡j Zv `~i K‡i `vI| GUvB n‡e †Zvgvi Rb¨ Qv`vKv| hw` GB KvR¸wj
Kivi my‡hvM bv cvI, Z‡e Pvk‡Zi `yÕivKÔAvZ QvjvZ †Zvgvi Rb¨ h‡_ó n‡eÕ
(Avey `vD`, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, ZvnK¡xK¡ wgkKvZ nv/1315; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1239)| G nv`xQ
Øviv eySv †Mj †h, Pvk‡Zi QvjvZ `yÕivKÔAvZ DËg| mv‡_ mv‡_ GUvI Rvbv †Mj
†h bdj Qvjv‡Zi †P‡q RbKj¨vYKi KvR DËg| †hgb iv¯—v n‡Z Kó`vqK e¯‘
miv‡bv| niZvj K‡i iv¯—vNvU eÜ Kiv nvivg| G Kv‡Ri cwiYvg Rvnvbœvg| G
Kv‡Ri cÖgv‡Y Av‡iv GKvwaK Qnxn nv`xQ Av‡Q| cÖKvk _v‡K †h, †KD evi
ivKÔAvZ Pvk‡Zi QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡j Avj−vn Zvi Rb¨ †mvbvi cÖvmv` evbv‡eb
g‡g© ewY©Z nv`xQ wbZvš—B hCd (wZiwghx, ZvnK¡xK¡ wgkKvZ nv/1316)|
RygÔAvi QvjvZ Av`vqKvix
RygÔAvi w`b mßv‡ni GKwU we‡kl w`b| G w`‡b Ggb GK mgq i‡q‡Q †h mgq
gvbyl hv Pvq Avj−vn Zv‡K Zv `vb K‡ib| G w`‡b gvbyl RygÔAvi Lyrevi c~e© ch©š—
Lye †ekx †ekx QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡Z cv‡i| G w`‡b Avj−vn Av`g (Avt)-Gi ZIev
Keyj K‡i‡Qb| cÖ‡Z¨K Acivaxi Rb¨ G w`b ZIev Kiv DwPZ|
†K eo jvfevb 117
p
7(y( _s 9 ` 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
_ C D /( 0" ` - ! 5 q( ">G
& 6( ` 2 - ! 5 _ 2 N E 7` ! 5 q $ G
& _ 9 u $ i > ! 7(;
@q $ G & _ 9 c 5 / q ; >
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔGgb mKj w`b A‡c¶v RygÔAvi
w`b DËg hv‡Z m~h© Dw`Z nq| RygÔAvi w`‡bB Av`g (Avt)-†K m„wó Kiv n‡q‡Q|
GB w`‡b Zuv‡K Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek Kiv‡bv n‡q‡Q Ges GB w`‡b Zuv‡K RvbœvZ †_‡K
†ei Kiv n‡q‡Q| Avi RygÔAvi w`‡bB wK¡qvgZ msNwUZ n‡eÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ
q $ G
& c5 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
Z( O( $ 0 qs 9 . c 5 >9 (U; -( =` 05 F Z k( 9 Y 7 #Y <; 0C 59 /( qP ; (
@ >9 (U; -( =` F Z k( 9 cJ7S 9 Y ^(O Y 7 0C 59 ( qP ; ( q $ G
& c5
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔRygÔAvi w`‡b Ggb GKwU mgq
i‡q‡Q, hw` †Kvb gywgb ev›`v †m mgqwU cvq Ges Zv‡Z Avj−vni wbKU †Kvb
Kj¨vY cÖv_©bv K‡i, Zvn‡j Avj−vn wbðqB Zv‡K Zv `vb K‡ibÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg,
wgkKvZ nv/1357)| Ab¨ eY©bvq i‡q‡Q, hw` †Kvb gymjgvb QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv
Ae¯’vq H mgq cvq Ges Avj−vni wbKU †Kvb g½j cÖv_©bv K‡i Avj−vn Zv‡K Zv
wbðqB `vb K‡ib (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1357; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1278)|
p
$ , Z C 9 c -( p
$ , Z( (O ! "; : c b . 1 * k(& d, c -( X( 2 c -( ;
@X 4
(S > d8C& D & -( d( _ g& u
7G 9> & -( c 3 Z C 9 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z( , .
Avey eyi`v Beby g~mv (ivt) e‡jb, Avwg Avgvi wcZv Avey g~mv‡K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ,
ivm~j (Qvt) RygÔAvi w`‡bi †m mgqwU m¤ú‡K© e‡jb, ÔZv Bgv‡gi wg¤^‡i emv n‡Z
RygÔAvi QvjvZ †kl nIqv ch©š—Õ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1358; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1279)|
! 7(; p
7(y( _s 9 ` 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b
. X( 9 3 c -( ;
q ; > _ C D ! 5 '
! 5 ! 7(; f
D ! 5
( <3 - ! 5 _ 2 N E 7` ! 5 q $ G
& _ 9 u
$ i
>
118 †K eo jvfevb
q ; > PC( u
$ i
> T 7U& D d> R <S
D q $ G
& _ 9 qW I
c 3 qs >2
@ >9 (U; -( P) F Z k( 9 cJ7S
9 3 Y 7 #Y <; 052 S9 ( qW ; , ! 5 u
g& > G
&
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ôm~h© Dw`Z nq
Ggb mKj w`b A‡c¶v RygÔAvi w`b DËg| Zv‡ZB Av`g (Avt)-†K m„wó Kiv
n‡q‡Q, GB w`‡bB Zuv‡K `ywbqv‡Z AeZxY© Kiv n‡q‡Q| GB w`‡bB Zuvi ZIev
Keyj Kiv n‡q‡Q, GB w`‡bB wZwb g„ZzëiY K‡i‡Qb Ges GB w`bB wK¡qvgZ
msNwUZ n‡e| wK¡qvgZ msNwUZ nIqvi f‡q RygÔAvi w`b dRi n‡Z m~‡h©v`q
ch©š— wRb I gvbyl e¨ZxZ mKj cÖvYxB wPrKvi Ki‡Z _v‡K| RygÔAvi w`b Ggb
GKwU mgq i‡q‡Q, hw` †Kvb gymjgvb Zv QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv Ae¯’vq cvq Ges
Avj−vni wbKU wKQy Pvq Zvn‡j wbðqB Avj−vn Zv‡K Zv `vb K‡ibÕ (Avey`vE`, nv`xQ
Qnxn, Avjevbx, wgkKvZ nv/1359)|
$ & 7, ! 7(; : d7e

Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . ? s u -( ;
@u
$ i
> q <( d( S
& # q $ G
& _ 9 c 5 dH D c q( ; >
Avbvm (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔRygÔAvi w`‡bi †m mgqwU Zvjvk Ki
hv‡Z †`vÔAv Key‡ji Avkv Kiv hvq, AvQ‡ii ci n‡Z m~h©v¯— ch©š—Õ (wZiwghx, nv`xQ
Qnxn, Avjevbx, wgkKvZ nv/1360; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1281)|
e¨vL¨v : (1) mßv‡ni mvZ w`‡bi g‡a¨ m‡e©vËg n‡”Q RygÔAvi w`b| (2) G w`‡b
Av`g (Avt)-†K m„wó Kiv n‡q‡Q| (3) G w`‡b Zuv‡K Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek Kiv‡bv
n‡q‡Q| (4) G w`‡b Zuv‡K RvbœvZ n‡Z †ei K‡i †`qv n‡q‡Q| (5) G w`b Zvu‡K
`ywbqv‡Z bvwg‡q †`qv n‡q‡Q| (6) G w`‡bB wK¡qvgZ msNwUZ n‡e| (7) G w`‡bB
gvbyl Ges wRb e¨ZxZ mewKQyB wK¡qvg‡Zi f‡q wPrKvi Ki‡Z _v‡K| (8)
RygÔAvi w`‡b †Kvb e¨w³ gviv †M‡j Zvi Ke‡ii Avhve gvd Kiv n‡e| (9)
Gw`‡b †Kvb e¨w³ m~iv Kvnv‡di cÖ_g 10 AvqvZ co‡j Zv‡K `v¾v‡ji †drbv
n‡Z i¶v Kiv n‡e| (10) G w`‡b Ggb GK mgq i‡q‡Q, †m mgq Avj−vni wbKU
hv PvIqv nq ZvB cvIqv hvq| mgqwU RygÔAvi Lyrev n‡Z QvjvZ †kl nIqv ch©š—
n‡Z cv‡i wKsev AvQ‡ii Qvjv‡Zi ci n‡Z gvMwie ch©š— n‡Z cv‡i| (11) G
w`‡b †ekx †ekx ìƒ` co‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q| (12) RygÔAvi w`‡b Av`g (Avt)-Gi
g„Zz¨ N‡U‡Q| (13) RygÔAvi w`b C`yj wdZi I C`yj Avhnvi †P‡q DËg|
†K eo jvfevb 119
6 8
5& -( 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . v s -( v -( ;
c> 7(; mB& k(5( q C( S
> ! 5 q I
& "> ! 5 |
<O ! 5 _ 2 N E 7` ! 5 q $ G
& _ 9 A >9-(
@c> 7(; qW b A D4
(e g5( ! 5 X 4 (S >
AvIm Beby AvIm (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†Zvgv‡ì mKj w`b
A‡c¶v RygÔAvi w`bwU nj †kªô| G‡Z Av`g (Avt)-†K m„wó Kiv n‡q‡Q| G‡ZB
Zuvi g„Zz¨ n‡q‡Q Ges w`‡bB wek¦ aŸs‡mi Rb¨ wksMvq dzrKvi †`qv n‡e Ges GB
w`‡bB cybi“¾xweZ Kivi Rb¨ wØZxqevi wk½vq dzrKvi †`qv n‡e| myZivs H w`b
Avgvi cÖwZ †ekx K‡i ìƒ` cvV Ki| KviY †Zvgv‡ì ìƒ` Avgvi wbKU †ck
Kiv nqÕ (Avey`vE`, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, wgkKvZ nv/1361; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1282)| AÎ
nv`xQ Øviv eySv hvq RygÔAvi w`b †ekx †ekx ìƒ` co‡Z n‡e|
7, ! 7(; : d7e Z ,. Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . . M "$ & # <; q( < c -( ;
_ 9 d%b k(& _ 9 # "; K( ; -( 3 # "; 0$ K( ; -( _ >9k(& # *, q $ G & _ 9
: d5 D ! 5 } . k(& d( _ 2 N ! 5 : ( <3 -( _ 2 N ! 5 : E 7(` Zs 4 ( ` u $ ` ! 5 U& &
_ C D ! 5 = Z& k( 9 ( (U; -( / P) # < & 05 F Z k( 9 /( qW ; , ! 5 _ 2 N
3 / s % /( Zs <H /( s 9. /( } s . -( ( ts $, /( j s > C( ? s 7( q ; >
@q $ G & _ 9 EY i

Avey jyevev Beby Ave`yj gybwhi (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔRygAvi w`b
mKj w`‡bi mi`vi Ges mKj w`b A‡c¶v Avj−vni wbKU m¤§vwbZ| GUv
Kzievbxi w`b I C`yj wdZ‡ii w`b A‡c¶vI Avj−vni wbKU AwaK m¤§vwbZ w`b|
Zv‡Z cuvPwU ¸i“Z¡ i‡q‡Q| GB w`‡b Avj−vn Av`g (Avt)-†K m„wó K‡i‡Qb| GB
w`‡b Avj−vn Zuv‡K c„w_ex‡Z cvwV‡q‡Qb| G w`‡bB Zuvi g„Zz¨ w`‡q‡Qb| GB w`‡b
Ggb GKwU mgq i‡q‡Q, Gmg‡q Avj−vni Kv‡Q wKQy PvB‡j Avj−vn wbðqB Zv `vb
K‡ib| hZ¶Y †m †Kvb nvivg wRwbm bv PvB‡e| Gw`bB wK¡qvgZ msNwUZ n‡e|
mKj m¤§vwbZ wdwikZv Avmgvb, hgxb, evZvm, cvnvo I mgy`ª mewKQyB RygÔAvi
w`b fxZ _v‡KÕ (wK¡qvgZ msNwUZ nIqvi f‡q) (Beby gvRvn, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx,
ZvnK¡x‡K¡ wgkKvZ nv/1363; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1284)| GB nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj †h, c„w_exi
A‡PZb e¯‘I Avj−vn‡K †P‡b Ges Zuv‡K fq K‡i|
120 †K eo jvfevb
7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . s$ ; # <; ;
@ <C( & q( "5 : (O / q $ G
& q( 7(( -( q $ G
& _ 9 '
$ 9 s 7
Ave`yj−vn Beby Avgi (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†Kvb gymjgvb hw`
RygÔAvi w`‡b A_ev RygÔAvi iv‡Z gviv hvq, Zvn‡j wbðqB Avj−vn Zv‡K Ke‡ii
wdrbv n‡Z i¶v Ki‡ebÕ (Avngv`, nv`xQ Qnxn, ZvnK¡x‡K¡ wgkKvZ nv/1367; evsjv wgkKvZ
nv/1287)| G nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj RygÔAvi w`b †Kvb gymjgvb e¨w³ gviv †M‡j
Zv‡K Ke‡ii kvw¯— n‡Z i¶v Kiv n‡e| nv`x‡Qi A_© GB bq †h, †h †Kvb e¨w³
gviv †M‡j Zvi Ke‡ii kvw¯— gvd Kiv n‡e|
! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . c , . ( & ( $7& , # <; c -( ;
-( Q!"3 2 3 #> 9 Qs0 y (U, 0> U9 Qq $ G & _ 9 6W H . 6 9 /( 7,
p S "9 > r Q!( f
B cJ7S 9 > r Q"r& h
* ( 9 4
( 5( I
9 > r Q! f y u L $ 9
@` : q $ ! " ! ( / Q_ 7A( D (
mvjgvb (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h e¨w³ RygÔAvi w`‡b †Mvmj Ki‡e
Ges mva¨vbyhvqx DËgiƒ‡c cwi®‹vi-cwi”QbœZv jvf Ki‡e Ges wb‡Ri mwÂZ †Zj
kix‡i jvMv‡e A_ev N‡i myMwÜ _vK‡j wKQy myMwÜ eënvi Ki‡e| Zvici
gmwR‡` hv‡e Ges `yB e¨w³i Kuva wWw½‡q Av‡M hv‡e bv, Gici Zvi c‡¶ hZ
ivKÔAvZ m¤¢e bdj QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡e| Avi Bgvg hLb Lyrev w`‡eb ZLb Pzc
K‡i Lyrev ïb‡e| wbðqB Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv Zvi GB RygÔAv Ges c~e©eZ©x RygÔAvi
ga¨Kvi ¸bvn ¶gv K‡i w`‡ebÕ (eyLvix, wgkKvZ nv/1381; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1299)|
G nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj †h, RygÔAvi w`b †Mvmj Kiv DËg| m¤¢e n‡j kix‡i †Zj
jvMv‡bv Ges myMwÜ eënvi Kiv fvj| †jvKRb‡K wWw½‡q mvg‡b hvIqv hv‡e bv|
h_vm¤¢e †ekx †ekx bdj QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡e| 15B kvÔevb Ges ivgvhv‡bi †kl
†e‡Rvo ivwÎ¸wj‡Z 8 ivKÔAv‡Zi †ekx QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv we`ÔAvZ| Avi
RygÔAvi w`b †ekx †ekx QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv mybœvZ| c‡i G‡m gvby‡li Kuva wWw½‡q
mvg‡b hvIqv m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c wbwl×| Lyrev PjvKvjxb mg‡q Pzc _vKv Avek¨K| GB
wbq‡g QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡j `yB RygÔAvi gaëZx© mg¯— ¸bvn gvd Kiv n‡e|
†K eo jvfevb 121
> r 6( & 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z ,. Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
! ( ! cJ7S
9 > r ! <U& ` ¥
( & 9 d> p S -( > r ! ( . #* O d7S
5( q( $ G & dD-(
@_s >9-( q r((7r( 6 8
5( ` k& q $ G & ! "
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h e¨w³ †Mvmj Ki‡e AZtci
RygÔAvi QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡Z hv‡e Ges h_vm¤¢e bdj QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡e,
Zvici Bgvg Qv‡ne Lyrev Avi¤¢ Ki‡j †kl bv nIqv ch©š— Pzc K‡i †_‡K ïb‡e
Ges Bgv‡gi mv‡_ QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡e Zvi H RygÔAv I c~e©eZ©x RygÔAvi ga¨Kvi
¸bvn mg~n gvd K‡i †`qv n‡e| AwaKš‘ AviI wZb w`‡bi ¸bvn ¶gv Kiv n‡eÕ
(wgkKvZ nv/1383; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1300)|
k(b
> D 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
X 2 9V q $ G
& ! " ! ( p
S
- T $ , (5 q( $ G
& dD-( > r QFt b
k(5(
-( # C( 5( S% & u> Qs_>9- q r(4( r(
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h e¨w³ DËgiƒ‡c Ih~ K‡i
RygÔAvi QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡Z hv‡e Ges Pzc K‡i Lyrev ïb‡e Zvi G RygÔAv †_‡K
c~e©eZx© RygÔAv ch©š— ¸bvn ¶gv Kiv n‡e| AwaKš‘ AviI wZb w`‡bi ¸bvn ¶gv
Kiv n‡e| †h e¨w³ Lyrevi mgq K¼i ¯úk© Kij ev wKQy bvoj †m Ab_©K KvR
KijÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1383; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1301)|
G nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj †h, my›ì K‡i Ih~ K‡i RygÔAvq G‡m Pzc K‡i Lyrev
ïb‡j Zvi `yB RygÔAvi ga¨Kvi ¸bvn ¶gv Kiv n‡e Ges AviI wZb w`‡bi ¸bvn
¶gv Kiv n‡e| Lyrevi mgq Ab_©K †Kvb K_v ejv I KvR Kiv hv‡e bv|
_ 9 ( (B ( 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
6 m($ B( G* 0 $ & 6 m( Z( > k(&(5 Z( > k(& ( <A& 9 # G
$ & j
d(7; q A( ^4 ( $ & p
( O( q $ G
&
_ g&
` (g5( qP 8 > r qP H H2 > r =i<B( > r XP C( 1 # 0 9 1
M (B > r qP # 1 # 0 9 1
M
@ B& MJ ( $ 9 0 ( %e y(
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔhLb RygÔAvi w`b Av‡m, ZLb
wdwikZvMY gmwR‡ì ìRvq G‡m ùvovb Ges hvi c~‡e© †h Av‡m Zv wjL‡Z
122 †K eo jvfevb
_v‡Kb| †h e¨w³ Lye mKv‡j Av‡m Zvi D`vniY n‡”Q, †h g°vq Kzievbxi Rb¨
GKwU DU cvVvq| AZtci †h Av‡m Zvi D`vniY †h GKwU Mi“ cvVvq| Zvici
AvMgbKvix GKwU `y¤^v, Zvici AvMgbKvix GKwU gyiMx, Zvici AvMgbKvix †hb
GKwU wWg cvVvj| hLb Bgvg Lyrevi Rb¨ †ei nb, wdwikZvMY Zv‡ì LvZv
gywo‡q †bb Ges Lyrev ïb‡Z _v‡KbÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1384; evsjv wgkKvZ
nv/1302)|
e¨vL¨v : RygÔAvi w`b wdwikZvMY gmwR‡ì ìRvq ùvovb Ges †K KLb Av‡m
Zv‡ì bvg wjL‡Z _v‡Kb| hviv cÖ_g Av‡m Zviv GZ †ekx †bKx AR©b K‡i g°vi
wgbv gv‡V GKwU DU Kzievbx Ki‡j hZ †bKx nq| Zvici hviv gmwR‡` Av‡m
Zviv wgbv gv‡V GKwU QvMj Kzievbx Kivi mgvb †bKx jvf K‡i| Zvici hviv
Av‡m Zviv GKwU gyiMx `vb Kivi mgvb QIqve jvf K‡i| Gici hviv Av‡m Zviv
GKwU wWg `vb Kivi mgvb †bKx jvf K‡i| Gic‡i hviv Av‡m Zv‡ì bvg
wdwikZvMY LvZvq wj‡Lb bv| Zviv RygÔAvi w`‡bi we‡kl †bKx AR©b Ki‡Z cv‡i
bv| Zviv ïaygvÎ QvjvZ Av`v‡qi †bKx jvf K‡i|
7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O /( (O $0 "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( #s , c -( ;
dD-( > r # "; ( (B & fs y u > ! r -( u <( q $ G & _ 9 6( &
d> ! ` ( p
S -( > r ! ( : f B( d7e > r v >" h "; -(
I 9 7(5( q( $ G
&
@07(<O( c ! $ H 0" $ XP . B( p (B ! D(7e ¥ ( & 9
Avey mvC` Lyìx I Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h e¨w³
RygÔAvi w`b †Mvmj K‡i Ges Avcb DËg †cvkvK c‡i, wb‡Ri Kv‡Q myMwÜ
_vK‡j Zv eënvi K‡i AZtci RygÔAvi QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡Z hvq Ges m¤§y‡L
hvIqvi Rb¨ gvby‡li Nv‡oi Dci w`‡q hvq bv| Zvici †m h_vm¤¢e bdj QvjvZ
Av`vq K‡i| Gici Bgvg hLb Lyrevi Rb¨ †ei nb ZLb †_‡K Lyrev I QvjvZ
†kl nIqv ch©š— bxie _v‡K, G Avgj Zvi Rb¨ G RygÔAv I c~eeZ©x RygÔAvi
ga¨Kvi ¸bvn †gvP‡bi Rb¨ Kvddviv ¯îƒc n‡q hvqÕ (Avey`vE`, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx,
ZvnK¡xK¡ wgkKvZ nv/1387; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1305)|
G nv`xQ Øviv eySv hvq †h Lyrevi mgq Pzc _vKv Avek¨K Ges K_v ejv nvivg|
RygÔAvi w`b †Mvmj Kiv DËg| me‡P‡q my›ì ev cwi®‹vi-cwi”Qbœ †cvkvK civ
DwPr| myMwÜ jvMv‡bv fvj| gvby‡li Kuva wWw½‡q mvg‡b hvIqv wbwl×| hZ †ekx
†K eo jvfevb 123
m¤¢e bdj QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv fvj| RygÔAvq Dcw¯’Z n‡q Gfv‡e Avgj Ki‡j `yB
RygÔAvi ga¨Kvi ¸bvn ¶gv n‡q hv‡e|
_ 9 6( > ( 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( O( Z( (O ! "; : c b . v s -( v
-( ;
Xs U& ` 6J A ! ( ( (B § 7& 9 ( T $ , _ g& 2 A( A 6( & q $ G &
@0 O 0 e
H -( qs ", 6 $ ;
AvIm Beby AvIm (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h e¨w³ RygÔAvi w`b
†Mvmj Ki‡e Ges Kiv‡bvi eë¯’v Ki‡e AZtci mKvj mKvj cÖ¯‘Z n‡e, cv‡q
†nu‡U gmwR‡` hv‡e I Bgv‡gi wbKU e‡m Pzc K‡i Zvi Lyrev ïb‡e, Ab_©K wKQy
Ki‡e bv, Zvi cÖ‡Z¨K K`‡g GK eQ‡ii Avg‡ji †bKx n‡e| A_©vr GK eQi
w`‡b wQqvg cvjb K‡i Ges iv‡Z Zvnv¾y` c‡o †h †bKx nq, Zv n‡e (wZiwghx,
Avey`vD`, bvmvC, Beby gvRvn, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, ZvnK¡xK¡ wgkKvZ nv/1388)|
e¨vL¨v : G nv`xQ Øviv eySv hvq †Kvb e¨w³ hw` mKv‡j †Mvmj K‡i, cv‡q †nu‡U
gmwR‡` wM‡q Bgv‡gi cv‡k e‡m Ges A‡nZzK †Kvb K_v bv e‡j Pzc K‡i Bgv‡gi
Lyrev kªeY K‡i, Zvn‡j Zvi cÖ‡Z¨K c`‡¶‡ci wewbg‡q GK eQ‡ii wQqvg cvjb
I Zvnv¾y` covi mgvb †bKx †`qv n‡e|
†h †ivMx‡K †`L‡Z hvq I †h †ivMvµvš— nq
†hme Kv‡Ri Øviv Avj−vn‡K mš‘ó Kiv hvq, †ivMx‡K †`L‡Z hvIqv Zvi Ab¨Zg|
gvbyl †ivMx‡K †`L‡Z wM‡q hZ¶Y _v‡K, ZZ¶Y Rvbœv‡Zi dj AvniY Ki‡Z
_v‡K|
2 ; ( 7 $ & 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . ( r( ;
@q ">G
& q 5( ` c 5 Z& [ 9 ( 7 $ & `-(
QvIevb (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†Kvb gymjgvb hLb Zvi †Kvb †ivMx
gymjgvb fvB‡K †`L‡Z †h‡Z _v‡K, ZLb †m Rvbœv‡Zi dj AvniY Ki‡Z _v‡K|
Avi GUv wd‡i Avmv ch©š— Ae¨vnZ _v‡KÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1441)| AÎ nv`xQ Øviv
cÖgvwYZ nq †h, hviv †ivMx‡K †`L‡Z hvq, Zviv wd‡i bv Avmv ch©š— †bKx AR©b
Ki‡Z _v‡K| Zviv Rvbœv‡Zi c‡_ Pj‡Z _v‡K|
124 †K eo jvfevb
! : 2 9L 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b
. X( 9 3 c -( ;
@! " f S 9L P`
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvj−vn hvi cÖwZ Kj¨v‡Yi B”Qv
K‡ib, Zv‡K wec`MÖ¯— K‡ibÕ (eyLvix, wgkKvZ nv/1536; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1450)|
AÎ nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, Avj−vn †Kvb e¨w³‡K Rvbœv‡Z †`qvi B”Qv Ki‡j
Amy¯’ K‡i A_ev †Kvb mgm¨vi gy‡LvgywL K‡i wec`MÖ¯— K‡ib| G‡Z eySv hvq †h,
mKj wec`B Avj−vni †µv‡ai Kvi‡Y nq bv| wec‡` âh© aviY Ki‡j Ges
Avj−vni cÖwZ ivhx _vK‡j A‡bK QIqve AwR©Z nq|
7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . d(7; p 7& ` 2 Z( (O ! "; : c b . 2s # <; ;
Z , . Z( (C5( =#9# PA; ? ; ( ?
> Z( , . 9 p 7& C 5( 1
# ! $ 5( ? ; 9 3
-( ? ( p 7& C 5( Z( (O A " (7H . ? ; 9 $B( ?
; - c * 6& H -( 7, ! 7(; : d7e
! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O > r 6& H -( 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (C5( 9 H -( ? (

l% D $B( ! D()*, ! : , $5( } s P-( ! <S 9 s 7 7,
@0O(. X G
i>
Ave`yj−vn Beby gvmE` (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, GKevi Avwg bex Kixg
(Qvt)-Gi wbKU †Mjvg ZLb wZwb R¡‡i fzMwQ‡jb| Avwg Avgvi nvZ Øviv Zuv‡K
¯úk© Kijvg Ges ejjvg, †n Avj−vni ivm~j! Avcwb †h, cÖej R¡‡i fzM‡Qb| ZLb
bex Kixg (Qt) ej‡jb, nu¨v, Avwg †Zvgv‡ì `yÕR‡b R¡‡ii mgvb R¡‡i fzM‡ZwQ|
Beby gvmE` (ivt) e‡jb, Avwg ejjvg, GUv G Kvi‡Y †h, Avcbvi Rb¨ `yÕ¸Y
†bKx i‡q‡Q| ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb, nu¨v| AZtci ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb, †Kvb
gymjgv‡bi cÖwZ †h †Kvb Kó Av‡ivwcZ †nvK bv †Kb, PvB Zv †ivM †nvK ev Ab¨
†Kvb wec`| Avj−vn GB K‡ói wewbg‡q Zvi ¸bvn gy‡Q w`‡eb †hfv‡e MvQ Zvi
cvZv †S‡o †kl K‡iÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1538; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1452)|
†K eo jvfevb 125
7 $ & f
S9 Z( O( 7, ! 7(; : d7e
²
* "> ; ! "; : c b . #s , c -( ;
/ 0B i9 q B( i
> d> Qn( /( Q=( - /( Qs[ /( Qn 3 /( Qsfe /( QsfS
@ 9(U` 0 : B(
Avey mvC` (ivt) e‡jb, bex Kixg (Qvt) n‡Z eY©bv K‡ib wZwb e‡jb, ÔhLb
gymjgv‡bi cÖwZ †Kvb wec`, †ivM-†kvK, wPš—v-fvebv, `ytL-Kó Av‡ivwcZ nq,
GgbwK hLb †Kvb KuvUv Zvi kix‡i we× nq, ZØviv Avj−vn Zvi ¸bvn mg~n gvd
K‡i †`bÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1537; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1451)|
AÎ nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, gymjgvb †h †Kvb mgm¨vq wbcwZZ n‡j GgbwK
cv‡q KuvUv dzU‡jI Zvi Rb¨ †m †bKx cv‡e|
Z( (C5( f
^> _* - d7(; 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . 6( ` 2 Z( (O ! "; : c b . s H ;
f 3 M& D 0>g(5 d>$%
& c*< D /( Z( (C5( !05 : ~ . /( d>$% & : p
((O 5[ 5& [ D ?
( :
@# 9# %
& w
( <` A & f
3 M& 9 $B( _ 2 N c " 9(U`
Rvwei (ivt) e‡jb, GKevi ivm~j (Qvt) D¤§y mv‡q‡ei wbKU †M‡jb Ges ej‡jb,
†Zvgvi wK n‡q‡Q, Kuv`Q †Kb? †m ejj, R¡i, Avj−vn R¡‡ii g½j bv Ki“b| ivm~j
(Qvt) ej‡jb, R¡i‡K Mvwj wÌ bv| KviY R¡i Av`g mš—v‡bi ¸bvn mg~n `~i K‡i,
†hfv‡e Kg©Kv‡ii nvci †jvnvi gwiPv `~i K‡iÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1543; evsjv wgkKvZ
nv/1457)|
G nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, Kg©Kv‡ii nvci †hgb †jvnv Mig K‡i Zvi gwiPv
`~i K‡i, †Zgb R¡i gvby‡li ¸bvn gy‡Q †`q| GRb¨ †Kvb †ivM n‡j Zv‡K Lvivc
g‡b K‡i Mvwj †`qv hv‡e bv|
XP # =$7 2 9 s 7 Z C 9 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z( , . p $ , Z( (O dn 7; ;
?s 7( z &-( ( <, ! 7(; d7e
qP >i
; 2 ; & c $ 9 d> ? s 7( z
&-( ( <, ! 7(; d7e
@q ">G
& c5 z
Y 9 ` ! ( ( (B R <S 9 d>
Avjx (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt)-†K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ, Ô†Kvb gymjgvb mKvj †ejvq
†Kvb gymjgvb‡K †`L‡Z †M‡j Zvi Rb¨ mÜ¨v ch©š— mËi nvhvi wdwikZv Avj−vni
126 †K eo jvfevb
wbKU †`vÔAv Ki‡Z _v‡K| hw` †m mÜ¨v †ejvq Zv‡K †`L‡Z hvq, Zvn‡j Zvi
Rb¨ mKvj ch©š— mËi nvhvi wdwikZv Avj−vni wbKU †`vÔAv Ki‡Z _v‡KÕ
(Avey`vE`, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, ZvnK¡xK¡ wgkKvZ nv/1550; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1464)|
gymjgv‡bi Rb¨ GK hiƒix KvR n‡”Q Amy¯’ †jvK‡K †`L‡Z hvIqv| †h e¨w³
†Kvb Amy¯’ †jvK‡K mKv‡j †`L‡Z hvq Zvi Rb¨ mÜ¨v ch©š— 70 nvhvi wdwikZv
Avj−vni wbKU ¶gv Pvq| Avi mÜ¨vq †`L‡Z †M‡j mKvj ch©š— 70 nvhvi
wdwikZv Avj−vni wbKU ¶gv Pvq| Ggb †jv‡Ki Rb¨ GKwU evMvb ˆZix Kiv nq|
ts 4 ( < 7 $ & c 7 ( 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . u s -( ;
! 7( ( ( & g5( Q6$ 9 ( (B 1 M ! 7$ ; R e ! ( f
B& ? 7($ 7& Z( (O Q# H c 5
@! $ . ! ( ( ( ! 8
<O( & Q 0> y(
Avbvm (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†Kvb gymjgvb‡K hLb kvixwiK †Kvb
wec‡` †djv nq, ZLb wdwikZv‡K ejv nq, †m †jvK my¯’ve¯’vq †hme †bKxi KvR
KiwQj GLb Ki‡Z cv‡i bv, Zzwg Zvi †bKx wjL‡Z _vK| AZtci hw` Avj−vn
Zv‡K Av‡ivM¨ `vb K‡ib, Zv‡K ¸bvn n‡Z ay‡q cweÎ K‡ib| Avi hw` Zv‡K
DwV‡q †bb, Zvn‡j Zv‡K gvd K‡i †`b Ges Zvi cÖwZ ingZ K‡ibÕ (kiûm mybœvn,
nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, ZvnK¡xK¡ wgkKvZ nv/1553; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1474)|
e¨vL¨v : hLb †Kvb gvby‡li kix‡i †Kvb †ivM nq Ges Bev`Z Ki‡Z cv‡i bv
ZLb Avj−vn wdwikZv‡K e‡jb, †Zvgiv Zvi Av‡MKvi mr Avg‡ji gZ Avgj
wjL‡Z _vK| Avj−vn †ivM †`qvi ci Av‡ivM¨ `vb Ki‡j Zv‡K ¸bvn n‡Z cweÎ
K‡ib| Avi hw` Zvi g„Zz¨ N‡U Zvn‡j Zv‡K gvd K‡i †`b|
, TY <, X 2 0i > 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . s H ;
#Y 0 f "G & ' ( f e #Y 0 E 9 & #Y 0 U& $ & 6 <, c 5 6 C( &
X -( $ & #Y 0 _ # 0 & p
% D ' $ 9 1
M #Y 0 E 9 %
& f
e #Y 0 U <$ &
@#Y 0 Ts $ G
' $ D
Rvwei Beby AvZxK (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvj−vni iv¯—vq hyy× K‡i
knx` n‡q‡Q Giƒc e¨w³ QvovI mvZ †kªYxi †jvK knx‡ì gh©v`v cv‡e| 1.
gnvgvix‡Z g„Ze¨w³ knx`, 2. Wz‡e gviv †M‡Q Giƒc e¨w³ knx`| 3. hvZzj Rvbe
†K eo jvfevb 127
ev k¦vmKó †iv‡M †h gviv †M‡Q †m knx`| 4. †c‡Ui †iv‡M g„Ze¨w³ knx`| 5. †h
e¨w³ cy‡o gviv †M‡Q †m knx`| 6. †Kvb wKQy Pvcv c‡o gviv hvIqv e¨w³ knx`
Ges 7. cÖme K‡ó g„Z bvix knx`Õ (bvmvC, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, ZvnK¡xK¡ wgkKvZ nv/1561;
e¨vL¨v : AÎ nv`x‡Q wewfbœ †kªYxi wec`MÖ¯— †jvK‡K knx` ejv n‡q‡Q| †Kvb
mvaviY Cgvb`vi †jvK hw` Gme wec`MÖ¯— n‡q gviv hvq, Zvn‡j Zv‡K wK¡qvg‡Zi
w`b knx‡ì gh©v`v †`qv n‡e|
# < : 2 .-( ( 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . u s -( ;
c 59 d> ! <M( ! "; ? -( > i> # < : 2 .-( ( #L c5 q( C & ! ( 6( G
> ; I &
@q C & _ 9 !
Avbvm (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvj−vn hLb Zvi ev›`vi Kj¨v‡Yi B”Qv
K‡ib, Zv‡K Av‡Mfv‡MB `ywbqv‡Z wec`MÖ¯— K‡i kvw¯— `vb K‡ib| Avi hLb †Kvb
ev›`vi AKj¨v‡Yi B”Qv K‡ib Zvi ¸bvni kvw¯— cÖ`v‡b weiZ _v‡Kb| Ae‡k‡l
wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b Zv‡K c~Y© kvw¯— w`‡ebÕ (wZiwghx, nv`xQ Qnxn, wgkKvZ nv/1565; evsjv
wgkKvZ nv/1480)| G nv`xQ Øviv eySv hvq †h, `ywbqv‡Z wec`MÖ¯— nIqv Kj¨v‡Yi
j¶Y| Avi wec`MÖ¯— bv nIqv AKj¨v‡Yi j¶Y|
T t [
( K( ; 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b
. us -( ;
(I , Qb * ! 7(5( c b
. $ 5( Q3 4
( PO( f
> -( ( d(D F Qt4( < K( ;
@I > ! 7(5(
Avbvm (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ôeo wec‡ì wewbg‡q eo cÖwZ`vb †`qv
nq| Avj−vn hLb †Kvb m¤úÖ`vq‡K fvjev‡mb ZLb Zv‡ì‡K wec` Øviv cix¶v
K‡ib| myZivs †h G‡Z mš‘ó _v‡K, Zvi Rb¨ Avj−vni mš‘wó i‡q‡Q| Avi †h G‡Z
Amš‘ó nq, Zvi Rb¨ Avj−vni Amš‘wó i‡q‡QÕ (wZiwghx, nv`xQ Qnxn, wgkKvZ nv/1566;
evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1480)| †Kvb e¨w³ ev RvwZ wec`MÖ¯— n‡j eyS‡Z n‡e Avj−vn Zv‡ì
fvjev‡mb| Avi wec‡` Avj−vni mš‘wói Avkv Kiv DwPZ|
t: 4
( <& Z [9 /( 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
@qs )(U ` ! 7(; F d(C7& 9 d> Q# ( Q! Q! & c 5 q " ] $ & -( Q ] $ &
128 †K eo jvfevb
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ôgywgb bi-bvixi cÖwZ me©`v wec`
†j‡M _v‡K| Zvi kix‡i, Zvi m¤ú‡` wKsev Zvi mš—vb-mš—wZ‡Z| Avi Giƒc
wec` Avm‡Z _v‡K Zvi †kl wbtk¦vm ch©š—| GgZve¯’vq Zvi Avi †Kvb ¸bvn
_v‡K bvÕ (wZiwghx, wgkKvZ nv/1567; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1481)| e¨vL¨v : gvbyl †ekx
wec`MÖ¯— n‡j wb®úvc n‡q hvq|
_ 9 q 5& 6 3 -( 2L 9 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b
. s H ;
#L c5 p b O p (B 3 2 7H -( ( j
m t 4
( <& 6 3 -( d(U 9 q C &
@| 9. (C$ &
Rvwei (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, myL-kvwš—‡fvMx e¨w³iv wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b
hLb †`L‡e wec`MÖ¯— e¨w³‡ì †bKx †`qv n‡”Q ZLb Av‡¶c K‡i ej‡e, nvq hw`
Zv‡ì Pvgov `ywbqv‡Z KuvwP Øviv †K‡U †`qv nZÕ (wZiwghx, nv`xQ Qnxn, wgkKvZ nv/157;
G nv`xQ Øviv eySv hvq †h, wec`MÖ¯‡— ì wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b †bKx †`qv n‡e| `ywbqv‡Z
myL-kvwš— †fvMKvix e¨w³iv wec`MÖ¯‡— ì gvb-gh©v`v †`‡L `ytL K‡i ej‡e, Avj−vn
hw` Avgv‡ì `ywbqv‡Z wec`MÖ¯— Ki‡Zb Ges Mv‡qi Pvgov †K‡U wb‡Zb| Avi
AvR Zvi wewbg‡q GB myL-kvwš— I gvb-gh©v`v w`‡Zb, Zvn‡j Avgiv KZ eo Lywk
nZvg, KZ eo jvfevb nZvg!
! 7(O( 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b
. 2s e ( $7(, ;
@ <O( c 5 j
M 9 ( ! "U&
myjvqgvb Beby Qyiv` (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ôhv‡K Zvi †c‡Ui †ivM
nZ¨v K‡i‡Q, Zv‡K Ke‡i kvw¯— †`qv n‡e bvÕ (Avngv`, nv`xQ Qnxn, wgkKvZ c„t 495, 3bs
UxKv)| G nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj †h, †Kvb e¨w³ †c‡Ui †Kvb †iv‡Mi Kvi‡Y gviv
†M‡j Zvi Ke‡ii kvw¯— gvd K‡i †`qv n‡e|
6 3 -( XP -( ?
9. - (-( v
s ><; c Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . s . c -( t (U; ;
c * p ((C5( 7, ! 7(; : d7e c> <"> p D-( t: 2 > X -( $ & M 3 Z( (O d(7 p 7& O q ">G
&
†K eo jvfevb 129
'
; 2 p
)& & q ">G
& ? ( ' <e
p )& & Z( (O c F 2 (5 z i> A( D-( c *
e -
@0( ;# 5( z
i> A( D-( ( & -( c F 2 (5 z
i > A( D-( c * p
((C5( <e
-( p
((C5( ?
59 & -( F
Zv‡eC AvZv Beby Avey ivevn e‡jb, Avgv‡K GKevi Beby AveŸvm (ivt) ej‡j,
(AvZv!) Avwg wK †Zvgv‡K GKwU RvbœvZx gwnjv †`Lve bv? Avwg ejjvg, nu¨v
†`Lvb| wZwb ej‡jb, GB Kvj gwnjvwU n‡”Q RvbœvZx| †m GKevi bex Kixg
(Qvt)-Gi wbKU G‡m ejj, †n Avj−vni ivm~j (Qvt)! Avwg g„Mx †iv‡M Avµvš— nB
Ges Dj½ n‡q hvB| Avj−vni wbKU Avgvi Rb¨ †`vÔAv Ki“b| ivm~j (Qvt)
ej‡jb, ÔZzwg B”Qv Ki‡j Qei Ki‡Z cvi| Zvn‡j †Zvgvi Rb¨ RvbœvZ i‡q‡Q|
Avi hw` B”Qv Ki Avwg †Zvgvi Rb¨ †`vÔAv Kie| Avj−vn †hb †Zvgv‡K Av‡ivM¨
`vb K‡ib| †m ejj, Avwg Qei Kie| AZtci ejj, †n Avj−vni ivm~j (Qvt)!
Avwg Dj½ n‡q hvB| †`vÔAv Ki“b, Avwg †hb Dj½ bv nB| ivm~j (Qvt) Zvi Rb¨
†`vÔAv Ki‡jbÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1577, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1491)| G nv`xQ Øviv
eySv †Mj †iv‡Mi cwiYvg n‡”Q RvbœvZ| †bKxi Avkvq †iv‡Mi Jl` †meb bv
KivI Rv‡qh|
d7e Z , . V c 5 ' $ & tF H 4P H . Z( O( ! "; : c b . #s , c % 9 ;
! 7(; : d7e
Z , . Z( C( 5( } s $ 6& <9 ( '
! ( )P"3 6W H . Z( C( 5( 7, ! 7(; :
@!D)(*, ! "; J A 5( }
s $ 4
( F ( ( ? 9. # 9 ?
% 9 7,
Zv‡eC BqvnBqv Beby mvC` e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi hvgvbvq GK e¨w³i g„Zz¨ nj,
ZLb Aci GK e¨w³ ejj, †jvKUv eo †mŠfvMëvb| †jvKUv gviv †Mj wKš‘ †Kvb
†iv‡M fzMj bv| GK_v ï‡b ivmyj (Qvt)„ ej‡jb, ÔAvn, †Zvgv‡K †K ejj, †m eo
†mŠfvMëvb? hw` Avj−vn Zv‡K †Kvb †iv‡M †dj‡Zb, Zvn‡j KZ bv fvj nZÕ?
(gyIqvË¡v, nv`xQ Qnxn, ZvnK¡xK¡ wgkKvZ nv/1578, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1492)|
G‡Z eySv hvq Avj−vn hLb †Kvb gvby‡li ¸bvn †gvP‡bi B”Qv K‡ib, ZLb Zv‡K
†Kvb †iv‡M †d‡j †`b|
z B( /( (C5( ! 2 9 |s 9 6s H . d7(; 4 ( ` 2 $ 0 >( c % "S
L v
s -( 2 ># ;
c *g5( 9(UI
& J ' ()*> ' .A( i
-( 2Y ># Z( (O qs $ " p % <e
-( Z( (O p
% <e -(
=#<; p 7( -( ( Z C 9 6 H [> ; F Z C 9 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z( , . p $ ,
130 †K eo jvfevb
! L - ! D# ( _ B( ?
( ! G
8 _ C 9 ! >g5( ! 7( d(7; c # $ %
5( =" ] 1 2 <;
3 ! ( ( G D "B ! ( H k(5(F ! 7( 1
# <; ' # >O( -( j
L > Z C 9 9(UI
&
@RY %e
kvÏv` Beby AvIm I Qyybvwenx (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z, Zuviv Df‡q GK cxwoZ e¨w³‡K
†`L‡Z †M‡jb Ges Zv‡K wR‡Ám Ki‡jb, AvR mKvj †Kgb n‡q‡Q? †m ejj,
Avj−vni `qvq fvj n‡q‡Q| GUv ï‡b kvÏv` ej‡jb, †Zvgvi ¸bvn gvd Ges
Aciva gvR©bvi mymsev` MÖnY Ki| KviY Avwg ivm~j (Qvt) †K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ,
ÔAvj−vn ZvÔAvjv e‡jb, Avwg hLb Avgvi ev›`v‡ì g‡a¨ †Kvb gywgb ev›`v‡K
†ivMMÖ¯— Kwi Avi Avgvi G †ivMMÖ¯— Kiv m‡Ë¡I †m Avgvi ïKwiqv Av`vq K‡i
ZLb †m Zvi †ivM kh¨v n‡Z Ggb wb®úvc I cweÎ n‡q D‡V, †hgb Zvi gv Zv‡K
wb®úvc I cweÎve¯’vq Rb¥ w`‡qwQj| Avj−vn Av‡iv ej‡Z _v‡Kb, Avgvi ev›`v‡K
eÜ K‡i †i‡LwQ Ges †ivMMÖ¯— K‡i †i‡LwQ| AZGe (wdwikZv mKj) †Zvgiv Zvi
my¯’ve¯’vq †h †bKx wjL‡ZwQ‡j GB Ae¯’vq ZvB wjL‡Z _vKÕ (Avngv`, nv`xQ Qnxn
Avjevbx, ZvnK¡xK¡ wgkKvZ nv/1579)|
G nv`xQ Øviv eySv hvq †h, †ivMMÖ¯— n‡j ¸bvn gy‡Q hvq| †ivMMÖ¯— n‡jI Avj−vni
ïKwiqv Av`vq Ki‡Z nq| Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv gvbyl‡K †ivMMÖ¯— K‡i cix¶v K‡ib|
†ivMMÖ¯— n‡j gvbyl Ggb wb®úvc n‡q hvq, R‡b¥i mgq †hgb wb®úvc _v‡K| gvbyl
my¯’ve¯’vq †h †bKx AR©b K‡i, Amy¯’ n‡jI Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv †m cwigvY †bKx
†jLvi Rb¨ wdwikZv‡ì Av‡`k K‡ib|
2 ; 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O :Z( (O ! "; : c b . # <; H ;
@05 u
$ & u
7(H (g5( Qu7G
9 d> q( $ > }
I
9 Z& [ 9 ( =89
Rvwei (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h i“Mœ e¨w³‡K †`Lvi D‡Ï‡k¨ †ei
nj, †m Avj−vni ing‡Zi `wiqvq muvZvi KvU‡Z jvMj| †mLv‡b †cuŠQv ch©š—| hLb
†m †ivMxi Kv‡Q †cŠuQj ZLb ing‡Zi `wiqvq Wze w`jÕ (Avngv`, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx,
wgkKvZ nv/1581, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1495)| i“Mœ e¨w³‡K †`Lvi D‡Ï‡k¨ †ei n‡jB
Avj−vni ingZ el©Y nq, Avi †ivMxi Kv‡Q †cuŠQ‡j Avj−vni ingZ AviI †ekx
nq| Ggb gvbyl Avj−vni mš‘wó AR©b Ki‡Z cv‡i|
†K eo jvfevb 131
†h e¨w³ Rvbvhvi QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡Z hvq
Ges hvi Rb¨ hvq
Rvbvhvq kixK nIqv gymjgv‡bi cvi¯úwiK nK I †bKx AR©‡bi GKwU eo
gva¨g| †Kvb gymjgv‡bi Rvbvhvq kixK n‡j GK wK¡ivZ Ges `vd‡b kixK n‡j
`yÕwK¡ivZ QIqve AwR©Z nq| Gg‡g© nv`x‡Q G‡m‡Q,
X( V "H T <D> 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
T H 9 ! >g(5 Q0"5& 2 ¥ ( 9 07(; d7S
9 d> ! ( (B QP P$ 9 s 7
! >g(5 Q5(# D & - 6( <O( T H . > r Q07(; d7e Qs# - 6 m& s O 6l B y( C H F
@ s C T H 9
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h e¨w³ Cgv‡bi mv‡_ QIqv‡ei
Avkvq †Kvb gymjgv‡bi Rvbvhvq †Mj Ges Rvbvhv cov ch©š— _vKj, AZtci
Zv‡K `vdb Kij, †m `yÕwK¡ivZ †bKx wb‡q evox wdij| Avi cÖ‡Z¨K wK¡ivZ n‡”Q
In~` cvnvo mgcwigvY| Zvici †h e¨w³ Rvbvhvi QvjvZ Av`vq Kjj, AZtci
`vdb Kivi c~‡e© evox wdij, †m GK wK¡ivZ †bKx wb‡q evox cÖZ¨veZ©b KijÕ
(eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1651, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1562)|
Z C 9 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z( , . p $ , Z( (O ! "; : c b . v s <>; # <; ;

/ P) ( B i 9 /( 4
P H . ( . -( ! DV "H d(7; _ C 5( '
$ 9 s 7 6s H .
@! 5 : 0
Beby AveŸvm (ivt) e‡jb, Avwg ivm~j (Qvt)†K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ †h, ÔhLb †Kvb
gymjgvb gviv hvq Avi Zvi Rvbvhvq Ggb 40 Rb †jvK ùvovq hviv Avj−vni mv‡_
KvD‡K kixK K‡i bv, wbðqB Ggb e¨w³i e¨vcv‡i Zv‡ì mycvwik MÖnY Ki‡ebÕ
(gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1660)|
! 7(; cJ7S
D p
s Z( (O 7, ! 7(; : d7e c* <"> ; 0 "; : c b . q( i ^; ;
@! 5 J / ! ( ( ( i
9 0 7lB qP ^( ( 7<9 $ 7 $ & qW > -
132 †K eo jvfevb
Av‡qkv (ivt) e‡jb, bex Kixg (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ôhw` †Kvb g„Z e¨w³i Rvbvhvi
QvjvZ Av`vq K‡i GK`j gymjgvb hv‡ì msL¨v GKkZ ch©š— †cuŠ‡Q Ges
cÖ‡Z¨‡KB Zvi Rb¨ mycvwik K‡i wbðqB Ggb e¨w³i Rb¨ Zv‡ì mycvwik Keyj
Kiv n‡eÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1661)| nv`xQ Øviv eySv hvq †h, Rvbvhvq gyQj−xi msL¨v
†ewk nIqv g„Ze¨w³i Rb¨ Kj¨vYKi| KviY Zv‡ì mycvwik Keyj Kiv n‡e|
hvi mš—vb evj¨ve¯’vq gviv hvq
†Kvb †jv‡Ki †QvU mš—vb-mš—wZ hw` gviv hvq AZtci †m âh© aviY K‡i Ges
wPrKvi K‡i bv Kuv‡` Zvn‡j H wcZvgvZv Rvbœv‡Z hv‡e|
s 7 $ '
$ 9 /( 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z ,. Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
@. >" « 75( Q#( & qW r(4
( r(
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h †Kvb gymjgv‡bi wZbwU mš—
vb gviv hv‡e, †m Rvnvbœv‡g cÖ‡ek Ki‡e bvÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1729, evsjv
wgkKvZ nv 1637)|
Xs " 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;

> 0 " XW -( p
((C5( q( ">G
& p
7(` 2 ! < %
5( # ( & qW r((7r( > B # g '
$ 9 ( . Sk(&
@ "r& -( Z( (O Z( , . 9 "r& -(
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, GKw`b ivm~j (Qvt) KZK AvbQvix gwnjv‡K ej‡jb,
Ô†Zvgv‡ì g‡a¨ hvi wZbwU mš—vb gviv hv‡e Avi †m âh©aviY Ki‡e Ges †bKxi
Avkv ivL‡e wbðqB †m Rvbœv‡Z hv‡e| Gmgq GKRb gwnjv ejj, †n Avj−vni
ivm~j! hw` `yBRb gviv hvq? ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb, `yÕRb gviv †M‡jI †m Rvbœv‡Z
hv‡eÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1730, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1638)| nv`xQØq Øviv eySv hvq †h, hvi
wZbRb ev `yÕRb †QvU mš—vb gviv hv‡e, Avj−vn Zv‡K Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek Kiv‡eb|
fY G ; 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . s O c -( #s , ;
] $ &(5 Q<e
F # $ qW <S ! e-( & QA( F # $ Y ` ! e- & Q ] $ 7&
@! D-( c 5 d( 0 5( 9 q $ C& 7l c 5 H ] 9 d> -( 6J B c 5 H ] 9
†K eo jvfevb 133
mvÔ` Beby Avwe Iqv°vQ (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ôgywgb‡ì Rb¨ Lykxi
welq, hw` Zvi cÖwZ †Kvb Kj¨vY eZ©vq †m e‡j, # $ %
&( ev Avj−vni cÖksmv
K‡i| Avi hw` †Kvb wec` AvcwZZ nq, ZeyI †m e‡j # $ % &( ev Avj−vni
cÖksmv K‡i Ges âh©aviY K‡i| myZivs gywgb Zvi cÖ‡Z¨K Kv‡RB †bKx AR©b
K‡i| GgbwK ¯¿xi gy‡L Lv‡`ï †jvKgv Zz‡j w`‡jI †bKx cvqÕ (evqnvK¡x, nv`xQ Qnxn,
Avjevbx, ZvnK¡xK¡ wgkKvZ nv/1733, evsjv wgkKvZ nv 1641)|
e¨vL¨v : mš—vb gviv hvIqvi Kvi‡Y †Kvb gywgb `ytwLZ nq, Avj−vn Zvi cÖwZ ingZ
el©Y K‡ib| ¯¿xi gy‡L Lv`¨ Zz‡j w`‡jI †bKx nq|
p $ , 6& 3 ! 7(; ' # H 5( c Y ' ! ( Z( O( 4P H . ( ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
Z( , . ! $ , Z( (O D ; " k( f *U( 9 P) ! 7(; : ' 7(e ? 77`
! r( q " M ` k& 5( -( 3 # -( d(C7& 9 q ">G
& ³
;2 3 . e
Z( (O 7, ! 7(; : d7e
@q( ">G
& ! 7(` # 9 d> ! O. (9 4 ( 5(
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, GK e¨w³ Zv‡K ejj, Avgvi GKwU cyÎ mš—vb gviv
†M‡Q| Zvi Rb¨ Avwg AZ¨š— †kvKvZ© n‡q c‡owQ| Avcwb wK Avcbvi †`v¯—
gynv¤§v` (Qvt)-Gi wbKU Ggb wKQy ky‡b‡Qb, hv Avgv‡ì g„Ze¨w³‡ì m¤ú‡K©
Avgv‡ì mvš—¡bv w`‡Z cv‡i? wZwb ej‡jb, nu¨v Avwg ivm~j (Qvt)-†K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ,
wZwb e‡j‡Qb, gymjgvb‡ì †QvU mš—vbiv Rvbœv‡Zi Kvh©KviK n‡e| Zv‡ì †KD
hLb Zvi wcZv‡K cv‡e, ZLb Zvi Kvc‡oi cvk a‡i Uvb‡Z _vK‡e Ges Zv‡K
Rvbœv‡Z wb‡q bv hvIqv ch©š— †m c„_K n‡e bvÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1752)| nv`xQ Øviv
eySv †Mj, †hme mš—vb †QvU Ae¯’vq gviv hvq Zviv Rvbœv‡Zi Kg©Pvix n‡e| Zviv
wcZv‡K wb‡q Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek Ki‡e|
Z( , . 9 p ((C5( 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . d( XW -( ' tF H #s , c -( ;
:? $ 7; >$ "$ 7J D ! 5 ? Dk& = 9 ?
& "( 6& H (5 ? m9# % Z H* f 3 (
Z , . > 3 Dk(5( $ H (5 (MB( (MB( (A c5 (MB( (MB( _ 9 c 5 $ H Z( (C5(
09# 9 _ #* C( D XW -( > A " Z( (O > r : ! $ 7; >$ > 0 $ 7 5( 7, ! 7(; : d7e
134 †K eo jvfevb
Z( (O "r& -( Z( , . 9 > 0 " XW -( p
((C5( . >" =G 0( ( (B qP r((7r( 3# (
@ "r& "r& "r& Z( (O > r D> 0D2 ;k(5(
Avey mvC` Lyìx (ivt) e‡jb, GK`v GKwU ¯¿x‡jvK ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi wbKU G‡m
ejj, †n Avj−vni ivm~j (Qvt)! cyi“liv Avcbvi nv`xQ ïbvi my‡hvM jvf K‡i‡Q|
AZGe Avgv‡ì RbÏ Avcbvi c¶ n‡Z GKwU w`b wba©vwiZ K‡i w`b, †h w`b
Avgiv Avcbvi wbKU Avm‡Z cvwi Ges hv Avj−vn Avcbv‡K wk¶v w`‡q‡Qb Zv
Avgv‡ì‡K wk¶v w`‡Z cv‡ib| ZLb wZwb ej‡jb, †Zvgiv AgyK w`b AgyK ¯’v‡b
mg‡eZ nI| myZivs Zviv mg‡eZ n‡jb| AZtci ivm~j (Qvt) Zv‡ì wbKU
Dcw¯’Z n‡jb Ges Zv‡ì‡K wk¶v w`‡jb, hv Zv‡K Avj−vn wk¶v w`‡q‡Qb|
AZtci ej‡jb, Ô†Zvgv‡ì ga¨Kvi †h bvix Zvi mš—vb‡ì ga¨ n‡Z wZbwU mš—vb
Avj−vni wbKU cvwV‡q‡Q, Zviv Zvi Rb¨ Rvnvbœv‡g cÖ‡e‡ki cÖwZeÜK n‡eÕ (A_©vr
Zviv Zv‡K Rvnvbœv‡g †h‡Z w`‡e bv)| G mgq GKRb bvix ejj, †n Avj−vni
ivm~j (Qvt)! †KD hw` `yÕRb mš—vb cvVvq? †m evK¨ `yÕevi ejj, ZLb ivm~j
(Qvt) ej‡jb, `yÕRb cvVv‡jI, `yÕRb cvVv‡jIÕ (eyLvix, wgkKvZ nv/1753)| G nv`xQ
Øviv eySv †Mj †h, Kv‡iv wZb Rb ev `yÕRb mš—vb gviv †M‡j, H mš—vb Zv‡ì
wcZvgvZv‡K Rvnvbœv‡g †h‡Z w`‡e bv| Ggb wcZvgvZv eo †mŠfvMëvb|
cL <"> ! ( Z( (C5( ! ( Y ! 7, ! 7(; : d7e c> <"> cDk& 9 ( (B P7H . -( c [ $ & X( > O ;
d7e cL <"> # C( ( 5( ! <L - $B( : ? <> -( Z( , . 9 Z( (C5( ! <L% D-( 7, ! 7(; : d7e
: d7e cL <"> Z( (C5( ' Z( , . 9 (O s 4 ( 5 6( 5( c Z( (C5( 7, ! 7(; :
Z( (C5( ~ K "9 ! D# H / q ">G & j -( = c Dk& D /( & -( f L % D -( ! k( 7, ! 7(;
@ A 7JA 6& Z( (O "7JA _ -( qP e
> ` ! ( Z( , . 9 6 H >
Kziiv gyhvbx n‡Z ewY©Z GK e¨w³ ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi wbKU AvmZ Ges Zvi mv‡_
Zvi GKwU †Q‡jI _vKZ| GKw`b bex Kixg (Qvt) Zv‡K wR‡Ám Ki‡jb, Zzwg wK
Zv‡K (†Q‡j‡K) fvjevm? †m ejj, †n Avj−vni ivm~j! Avj−vni ci Avcbv‡K
fvjevmvi gZB Avwg Zv‡K fvjevwm| AZtci GKw`b bex Kixg (Qvt) †Q‡jwU‡K
†`L‡Z †c‡jb bv| wR‡Ám Ki‡jb, Agy‡Ki †Q‡jwU †Kv_vq †Mj? QvnvexMY
ej‡jb, †n Avj−vni ivm~j (Qvt)! †m gviv †M‡Q| ZLb ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb, ÔI‡n
Zzwg wK GUv fvjevm bv †h, Zzwg Rvbœv‡Zi †h †Kvb ìRv w`‡q hvIbv †Kb,
†K eo jvfevb 135
†mLv‡b †Zvgvi Rb¨ A‡c¶v Ki‡Z †`L‡e| Gmgq GK e¨w³ ejj, GB my‡hvM
ïay Zvi Rb¨ bv Avgv‡ì mK‡ji Rb¨? ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb, †Zvgv‡ì mK‡ji
Rb¨Õ (Avngv`, nv`xQ Qnxn, wgkKvZ nv/1756; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1664)| G nv`xQ Øviv eySv
†Mj, †hme †Q‡j‡g‡q evj¨ve¯’vq gviv hvq, Zviv Rvbœv‡Zi ìRvq A‡c¶gvb
_vK‡e| Zviv wcZvgvZv Qvov Rvbœv‡Z hv‡e bv|
& _ 2 N d(D ~ . <D : Z C 9 Z( (O 7, ! 7(; : d7e c* <"> ; q( - c -( ;
@q ">G
& ( 2 =r( ?
( } . -( ( d( k& q # S
> # "; p
< ' <e

Avey Dgvgv ev‡njx (ivt) bex Kixg (Qvt) †_‡K eY©bv K‡ib †h, wZwb e‡j‡Qb,
Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv e‡jb, Ô†n Av`g mš—vb! hw` Zzwg wec‡ì cÖ_g mgq âh©aviY Ki
Ges †bKxi Avkv ivL, Zvn‡j Avwg †Zvgvi Rb¨ RvbœvZ e¨ZxZ †Kvb †bKx‡Z
mš‘ó ne bvÕ (Beby gvRvn, nv`xQ Qnxn, wgkKvZ nv/1758, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1666)| AÎ nv`xQ
Øviv cÖZxqgvb nq †h, †Kvb bvix-cyi“l hw` †Q‡j‡g‡q givi Kvi‡Y e¨w_Z nq,
Zvn‡j wbtm‡›`‡n Avj−vn Zv‡K RvbœvZ w`‡eb|
Z( (C5( qW 8
9 -( 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . c 2 ; p ((O t (7 & _* - ; (¬)
w( <` . >" f 3 M& D $B( 9(U` ! : f
3 M& 9 7 $ & }
& g5( t (7 & _> - 9 1
i
-(
@q 8 > & f
3 M
(1) D¤§yj ÔAvjv (ivt) e‡jb, Avwg GK`v Amy¯’ n‡j bex Kixg (Qvt) Avgv‡K
†`Lvi Rb¨ Avm‡jb Ges ej‡jb, Ô†n D¤§y Avjv Zzwg mymsev` MÖnY Ki| †Kbbv
†Kvb gymwjg Amy¯’ n‡j Avj−vn Zvi Øviv Zvi ¸bvn `~i K‡i †`b †hgb Av¸b
†mvbv-iƒcvi gwiPv `~i K‡i †`qÕ (wmjwmjv Qnxnvn nv/3214/714)|
' ( Z( (O 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O 1 * k(& d, c -( ; ()
2 ]5 X( $ r( 8
<O( Z C 5( ( C 5( 1
# <; # ( 8
<O( ! A( ^(7$ : Z( (O # < & # (
1
# < " : Z C 5( T H , ~ # $ ( C 5( 1 # <; Z( (O ( Z C 5( ( C 5(
@# $ % & p $L , q ">G
& c5 =
(2) Avey g~mv AvkÔAvix (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔhLb †Kvb ev›`vi
mš—vb gviv hvq, Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv Zuvi wdwikZv‡ì e‡jb, †Zvgiv wK Avgvi ev›`vi
mš—vb‡K DwV‡q wb‡j? Zviv e‡j nu¨v| Avj−vn Avevi wR‡Ám K‡ib †Zvgiv wK Zvi
136 †K eo jvfevb
Aš—‡ii ab‡K †K‡o wb‡j? Zviv e‡j nu¨v| Avj−vn Avevi wR‡Ám K‡ib, ZLb
Zviv wK ejj? wdwikZviv e‡j, ZLb Zviv ejj, # $ %
& Ges ! ( >
( H . ZLb Avj−vn e‡jb, Avgvi ev›`vi Rb¨ Rvbœv‡Z GKwU Ni wbg©vY Ki Ges
Zvi bvg ivL evqZzj nvg`Õ (wZiwghx, wmjwmjv Qnxnvn nv/3228/1408)| †Kvb e¨w³i
†Q‡j‡g‡q gviv †M‡j Zvi Rb¨ hiƒix KZ©e¨ n‡”Q cÖ_‡g Avjnvg`ywjj−vn Ges
Bbœvwjj−vwn Iqv Bbœv BjvBwn iv‡RDb ejv|
Z C 9 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z( , . p
$ , Z( O( ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ; (®)
@fs ( 6 B ? ( ! "; J A( 9 d> C& > # <; d 7<( F
(3) Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, Avwg ivm~j (Qvt)-†K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ, ÔwbðqB
Avj−vn Zuvi ev›`v‡K Amy¯’ K‡i cix¶v K‡ib| Gfv‡e Avj−vn Zvi mg¯— ¸bvn gy‡Q
†`bÕ (wmjwmjv Qnxnvn nv/3244)|
6 H > 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ; (¯)
@9> ! 7<9 d> A& 9 $ ! 7<9 : Z [9 $ 5( 6s $ 0 7<9 $ 5( q ([ "$ & # "; ! ( A (
(4) Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, †Kvb gvbyl hLb Avj−vni
wbKU gh©v`v m¤úbœ ¯’v‡bi AwaKvix n‡q hvq Ges †m Avg‡ji gva¨‡g †m ¯’v‡b
†cuŠQ‡Z cv‡i bv| ZLb Avj−vn Zv‡K me©`v Ggb wec`MÖ¯— K‡i iv‡Lb, hv Zvi
wbKU Acm›`bxq| Zvici Avj−vn Zv‡K H gh©v`v m¤úbœ ¯’v‡b †cuŠ‡Q †`bÕ (wmjwmjv
Qnxnvn nv/3248/1599)|
s ] Z( (O ! >-( 7, ! 7(; : d7e c* <"> ; _s [ $ ; # $> % ; (°)
@q C & _ 9 q A( & 6 7( : B( qs <S
$ `-( 1
[* 9
(5) gynv¤§v` Beby Avgi Be‡b nvhvg (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†Kvb
gywgb hw` †Kvb wec`MÖ¯— gywgb‡K mvš—¡bv †`q, Zvn‡j Avj−vn Zv‡K wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b
m¤§vwbZ †cvkvK civ‡ebÕ (wmjwmjv Qnxnvn nv/3305/195)|
†K eo jvfevb 137
$ 7 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . .n ( c -( ;
@ 3 >9 ! $ . 6 8
( q( ">G
& $0 7(` 2 -( / w
( "%
& 7<9 ( # ( & qW r(4
( r( $0 ( '
$9
Avey hvi wMdvix (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†Kvb gymjgv‡bi †Q‡j‡g‡q
hyeK nIqvi c~‡e© gviv †M‡j Avj−vn Zvi we‡kl ing‡Zi gva¨‡g Zv‡K Rvbœv‡Z
cÖ‡ek Kiv‡ebÕ (wmjwmjv Qnxnvn nv/3306)|
t: 4
( < Z [9 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
@qW )(U ` ! 7(; d(D d(C7& 9 d> ! # ( ! & c 5 q " ] $ & ] $ &
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, gywgb bvix-cyi“‡li cÖwZ Ges
Zvi †Q‡j-†g‡q I A_©-m¤ú‡ì cÖwZ me©`v evjv-gyQxeZ Avm‡Z _v‡K| †kl ch©š—
hLb gviv hvq, ZLb wb®úvc n‡q gviv hvqÕ (wmjwmjv Qnxnvn nv/3307/2280)|
wQqvg cvjbKvix
wQqvg GKwU ¸i“Z¡c~Y© dih Bev`Z| Gi Rb¨ mxgvnxb wewbgq i‡q‡Q| GwU Ggb
GK Bev`Z hvi cÖwZ`vb Avj−vn ¯^n‡¯— cÖ`vb Ki‡eb| wQqvg e¨ZxZ c„w_ex‡Z Ab¨
†Kvb Bev`Z †bB, hvi cÖwZ`vb Avj−vn wbR nv‡Z w`‡eb| Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv e‡jb,
@( C >D A 7 ( A 7<O( 9M d(7; f
B $B( _ S
* A 7(; f
B " N 9M 09L-( 9
Ô†Zvgv‡ì Rb¨ wQqvg dih Kiv n‡q‡Q †hgb †Zvgv‡ì c~e©eZ©x‡ì cÖwZ wQqvg
dih Kiv n‡qwQj| hv‡Z †Zvgiv gyËvK¡x n‡Z cviÕ (evK¡vivn 185)| AÎ AvqvZ Øviv
eySv †Mj Avj−vn wQqvg dih K‡i‡Qb| gvbyl wQqvg cvj‡bi wewbg‡q gyËvK¡x n‡Z
cv‡i| hv gvby‡li Dfq Rxe‡b mdjZv wb‡q Av‡m|
_ e 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . 1
. # I
& #s , c -( ;
@P9 ` <, . >" ; ! 0 H : # > 6 <, c 5 = 9
Avey mvC` Lyìx (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h Avj−vn‡K mš‘ó Kivi Rb¨
GKw`b wQqvg cvjb Ki‡e, Avj−vn Rvnvbœvg‡K Zvi wbKU n‡Z GKkZ eQ‡ii c_
`~‡i K‡i w`‡ebÕ (wmjwmjv Qnxnvn nv/2267/2565)|
138 †K eo jvfevb
_ e Z( (O 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z( , . -( Z( (O ! "; : c b . s ; q( <C& ; ;
@_s ; q ^( X( ">0 H ! " : # ; 6 H [> ; 6 <, c 5 = 9
IK¡ev Beby Av‡gi (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h Avj−vn‡K mš‘ó Kivi
D‡Ï‡k¨ GKw`b wQqvg cvjb Ki‡e, Avj−vn Zvi wbKU n‡Z Rvnvbœvg‡K mËi
eQ‡ii c_ `~‡i K‡i w`‡ebÕ (wmjwmjv Qnxnv nv/2267/2565)|
6 <, c 5 = 9 _ e Z( (O 7, ! 7(; : d7e c* <"> ; c* 73 <& q( - c -( ;
@} . k(& t $> $B( PO# "` . >" ! " : 6( H
Avey Dgvgv (ivt) e‡jb, bex Kixg (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h e¨w³ Avj−vn‡K mš‘ó Kivi
D‡Ï‡k¨ GKw`b wQqvg cvjb Ki‡e, Avj−vn Zvi gv‡S Ges Rvnvbœv‡gi gv‡S
GKwU MZ© Lbb Ki‡eb hvi eëavb n‡e Avmgvb-hgx‡bi eëav‡bi mgvbÕ|
(A_©vr Zvi gyLgÊj‡K Rvnvbœvg †_‡K 500 eQ‡ii c_ `~‡i Kiv n‡e) (wmjwmjv
Qnxnvn nv/2268/6)|
AÎ nv`xQ mg~n Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, wQqv‡gi cwiYvg Rvnvbœvg †_‡K i¶v Ges
RvbœvZ jvf| Avj−vn wQqvg cvjbKvixi cÖwZ GZ mš‘ó nb †h, GKwU wQqvg cvjb
Ki‡jI Avj−vn Zv‡K RvbœvZ w`‡eb|
tF H ( Z( O( 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z( , . Z( (O ! "; : c b
. X( 9 3 c -( ;
@ y i
> ' # J e
Q.>" j
- p
C( 7J Qq">G
& j
- p
% 5 Q8 .
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔhLb ivgvhvb gvm Av‡m, ZLb
Rvbœv‡Zi ìRv Ly‡j †`qv nq, Rvnvbœv‡gi ìRv eÜ K‡i †`qv nq Ges mg¯—
kqZvb‡K k„sLwjZ Kiv nqÕ (wmjwmjv Qnxnvn nv/2207/1307)|
8 . 6( ` 2 ( 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
@q $ > j
-( p % 5
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔhLb ivgvhvb gvm Av‡m ZLb
ing‡Zi ìRv Ly‡j †`qv nqÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1956; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1860)| G
nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, ivgvhvb gvm GK we‡kl ¸i“Z¡c~Y© gvm| G gv‡m
Rvbœv‡Zi ìRv †Lvjv _v‡K, Rvnvbœv‡gi ìRv eÜ _v‡K Ges Avj−vni ing‡Zi
†K eo jvfevb 139
ìRv †Lvjv _v‡K| c~Y©gvm Avj−vni GK we‡kl `qv I ingZ el©Y nq| cÖKvk _v‡K
†h, ivgvhvb gvm‡K wZb fvM Kivi nv`xQwU hCd (Avjevbx, ZvnK¡xK¡ wgkKvZ nv/1965)|
q ">G
& c5 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . #s , 6 0 , ;
@( $ ^>S / ! 7` # 9 /( >9> d>$ 9 j
Y 0" Qsj-( q $r(
mvnj Beby mvÔ` (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔRvbœv‡Zi AvUwU ìRv
i‡q‡Q| Zvi GKwU ìRvi bvg ivBqvb| wQqvgcvjbKvix e¨ZxZ H ìRv w`‡q
Avi †KD cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z cvi‡e bvÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1957; evsjv wgkKvZ
nv/1861)|
e¨vL¨v : we‡kl gh©v`vi AwaKvixivB ivBqvb bvgK ìRv w`‡q Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek
Ki‡Z cvi‡e| Avi GB gh©v`v AR©‡bi GKUvB c_ Zv n‡”Q wQqvg cvjb Kiv|
( 8 . _ e 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
! ( = > =$9 . # C( & q( 7(( _ (O ! <( _ #> C( D ! ( = > =$9
=$9 . # C( & q( 7(( _ (O ! <( _ #> C( D ! ( = > =$9 ! (O Q! <( _ #> C( D
@! <( _ #> C( D ! ( = >
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h e¨w³ Cgv‡bi mv‡_ I
QIqv‡ei Avkvq ivgvhv‡bi wQqvg cvjb K‡i, Zvi c~‡e©i ¸bvn mg~n gvd K‡i
†`qv nq| †h e¨w³ Cgv‡bi mv‡_ I QIqv‡ei Avkvq ivgvhv‡bi ivwÎ Bev`‡Z
KvUvq Zvi c~‡e©i ¸bvn mg~n gvd K‡i †`qv nq| Avi †h e¨w³ Cgv‡bi mv‡_ I
QIqv‡ei Avkvq K`‡ii ivwÎ Bev`v‡Z KvUvq Zvi c~e©eZx© ¸bvn mg~n gvd K‡i
†`qv nqÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1958; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1862)|
G nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj †h, ivgvhvb Ggb GKwU ¸i“Z¡c~Y© gvm hv‡Z cvc †gvP‡bi
wZbwU eo gva¨g i‡q‡Q| (1) Cgvb mnKv‡i †bKxi Avkvq ivgvhvb gv‡mi wQqvg
cvjb Ki‡Z cvi‡j, Zvi AZx‡Zi ¸bvn mg~n ¶gv Kiv n‡e| (2) Cgvb mnKv‡i
†bKxi Avkvq Zvivexn-Gi QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡Z cvi‡j AZx‡Zi ¸bvn mg~n ¶gv
Kiv n‡e| (3) jvBjvZzj K`‡ii ivwÎ¸wj †R‡M Bev`Z Ki‡Z cvi‡j, AZx‡Zi
¸bvn mg~n ¶gv Kiv n‡e|
140 †K eo jvfevb
6 $ ; 6l B 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
_ S> ! %<, : Z( (O z s b q ^( T <, d( 0(m -( i q " %
& ! ( z
; 89 _ 2 N
U& 5 # "; qW 5( 5( ^>S7 c 7H -( ! y( ! D 0 # 9 ! 1 [ H -( -( c ! >g5(
_ S* Q? $ & R 9. # "; f y& -( ^>S 5( x 7I
( ! *. t (C # "; qW 5(
6& C 7& 5( ! 7(D(O -( #Y -( ! >, & g5( f
I
9 ( w & 5 9 (75( B # -( _ e _ 9 ( (B (g5( qW ">H
@Y ê Y c *
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔAv`g mš—v‡bi †bK Avgj
evov‡bv n‡q _v‡K| c‡Z¨K †bK Avgj `k¸Y n‡Z mvZ kZ ¸Y ch©š— †cuŠ‡Q|
Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv e‡jb, Z‡e wQqvg e¨ZxZ| KviY wQqvg AvgviB Rb¨ cvjb Kiv
nq Ges Zvi cÖwZ`vb AvwgB wè (hZ B”Qv ZZ)| †m Avgvi Rb¨ ¯^xq cÖe„wË I
Lv`¨-cvwb Z¨vM K‡i| wQqvg cvjbKvixi Rb¨ `yÕwU cÖavb Avb›` i‡q‡Q| GKwU
Zvi BdZv‡ii mgq Ges AciwU Rvbœv‡Z Avcb cÖwZcvj‡Ki mv‡_ mv¶v‡Zi
mgq| wbðqB wQqvg cvjbKvixi gy‡Li MÜ Avj−vni wbKU wgk‡Ki Lykey A‡c¶vI
AwaK myMÜgq| wQqvg n‡”Q gvby‡li Rb¨ Rvnvbœvg n‡Z i¶vi Xvj¯îƒc| myZivs
hLb †Zvgv‡ì Kv‡iv wQqvg cvj‡bi w`b Av‡m †m †hb Ak−xj K_v bv e‡j Ges
Ab_©K †kvi‡Mvj bv K‡i| hw` †KD Zv‡K Mvwj †`q A_ev Zvi mv‡_ SMov
Ki‡Z Pvq †m †hb e‡j Avwg GKRb wQqvg cvjbKvixÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ
e¨vL¨v : Av`g mš—vb GKwU †bKx Ki‡j `kwU †jLv nq Ges Zv evwo‡q mvZkZ
Kiv nq| wQqv‡gi †bKx Gfv‡e †jLv I evov‡bv nq bv| wQqvg GKgvÎ Avj−vni
fq-fxwZ‡ZB cvjb Kiv nq| KviY Ab¨ Bev`Z Ki‡j gvbyl †`L‡Z cvq, wKš‘
wQqvg cvjb Ki‡j gvbyl †`L‡Z cvq bv| †Mvc‡b gvbyl A‡bK wKQy †L‡Z cv‡i,
wKš‘ Avj−vni f‡q Lvq bv| †h‡nZz wQqv‡gi cÖwZ`vb Avj−vn wb‡R ¯^n‡¯— mš‘ó wP‡Ë
w`‡eb| ZvB †jLviI cÖ‡qvRb †bB, †bKxi msL¨v D‡j−L K‡i evov‡bviI cÖ‡qvRb
†bB| Avgiv ¸bvnMvi ¶z`ª gvbyl wnmv‡e me©kw³gvb eo `qvevb, eo ¶gvkx‡ji
wbKU Avkv ivwL wZwb Avgv‡ì ¯^n‡¯— †ewnmve cÖwZ`vb w`‡q ¶gv K‡i w`‡eb| †n
Avj−vn! Avgv‡ì‡K wQqvg cvj‡bi kw³ w`‡q ¶gv K‡i wÌ|
Avj−vn `yÕwU Kvi‡Y Avgv‡ì‡K ¯^n‡¯— cÖwZ`vb w`‡eb| (1) cÖe„wËi AbymiY bv
Kiv| bMœ †cvkvK c‡i wQqvg cvjb K‡i cÖe„wËi AbymiY Z¨vM Kiv nq bv|
†K eo jvfevb 141
ev`¨hš¿, bvP-Mvb I bMœQwe `k©b K‡i, nvivg Dcv‡q †Pv‡L I Aš—‡i Gme
Dc‡fvM K‡i cÖe„wËi AbymiY Z¨vM Kiv nq bv| nvivg Lv`¨ †L‡q, nv‡U-evRv‡i
AvÇv w`‡q cÖe„wËi AbymiY Z¨vM Kiv nq bv| Ak−xjZv I wg_¨vi Avkªq wb‡q Ø›Ø-
Kjn K‡i cÖe„wËi AbymiY Z¨vM Kiv nq bv| Gme AvPiY envj †i‡L wQqvg
cvjb Ki‡j Avj−vn ¯^n‡¯— cÖwZ`vb w`‡eb bv| (2) Lv`¨-cvbxq Z¨vM Kiv|
wQqvg cvjbKvixi Rb¨ `yÕwU Avb›` i‡q‡Q| (K) BdZv‡ii mgq| mZ¨B
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Rvbœv‡Zi m‡e©v”P †bÔgZ †fvM Kivi my‡hvM n‡e| Avi Zv n‡”Q Avj−vni `k©b
jvf| GUvB gvby‡li Bev`‡Zi me‡P‡q eo cÖwZ`vb| GUvB Rvbœv‡Zi me‡P‡q eo
†bÔgZ, me‡P‡q eo Dc‡fvM¨ welq| wQqvg cvj‡bi Kvi‡Y gy‡L GK cÖKvi MÜ
nq, hv Avj−vni wbKU Lykey A‡c¶vI AwaK myMÜgq| Xvj †hgb hy×gv‡V i¶vi
gva¨g, wQqvg †Zgwb Rvnvbœvg n‡Z i¶vi gva¨g| wQqvg Ae¯’vq Ak−xj K_v I
Kg©, Ab_©K K_v I Kg© P‚ovš—fv‡e wbwl×| †KD Mvwj w`‡j, SMov Ki‡Z PvB‡j,
Zvi cÖwZDËi fvj-g›` †KvbUvB †Ìqv hv‡e bv| Zvi cÖwZ DËi n‡e Avwg wQqvg
cvjbKvix| GUvB P‚ovš— wm×vš—| KviY bex Kixg (Qvt) GB evK¨ ejvi Rb¨
Av‡`k K‡i‡Qb|
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Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ôivgvhvb gv‡m AvnŸvbKvix
AvnŸvb Ki‡Z _v‡K, †n Kj¨v‡Yi A‡š^lYKvix! AviI Kj¨vY A‡š^lY Kivi
D‡Ï‡k¨ AMÖmi nI| †n g‡›ì A‡š^lYKvix! g›` A‡š^lY Kiv n‡Z †_‡g hvI|
Avj−vn G gv‡m eû †jvK‡K Rvnvbœvg n‡Z gyw³ †`b| Avi Giƒc cÖ‡Z¨K iv‡ZB
n‡q _v‡KÕ (wZiwghx, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, ZvnK¡xK¡ wgkKvZ nv/1960; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1865)|
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wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b Avj−nvi wbKU ev›`vi Rb¨ mycvwik Ki‡e| wQqvg ej‡e, †n
142 †K eo jvfevb
cÖwZcvjK! Avwg Zv‡K w`‡b Zvi Lv`¨ I cÖe„wË n‡Z evav w`‡qwQ| myZivs Zvi
e¨vcv‡i Avgvi mycvwik Keyj Ki“b| KziAvb ej‡e, Avwg Zv‡K iv‡Î wb`ªv n‡Z
evav w`‡qwQ| myZivs Zvi e¨vcv‡i Avgvi mycvwik Keyj Ki“b| AZGe Df‡qi
mycvwik eKzj Kiv n‡eÕ (evqnvK¡x, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, ZvnK¡xK¡ wgkKvZ nv/1963; evsjv
wgkKvZ nv/1866)| G nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj †h, wQqvg Ggb GKwU Bev`Z hv wePv‡ii
gv‡V K_v ej‡e Ges wQqvg cvjbKvixi e¨vcv‡i †Rvivj mycvwik Ki‡e| Avi Zvi
mycvwik Keyj Kiv n‡e| Bev`‡Zi g‡a¨ ïay wQqAgB wK¡qvg‡Zi gv‡V K_v ej‡e|
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ivm~j (Qvt) e‡jb, ÔcÖ‡Z¨K gv‡mi wZbw`b Ges GK ivgvhvb n‡Z cieZ©x ivgvhvb
ch©š— c~Y© GK eQ‡ii wQqvg cvjb, Avi Avivdvi w`‡bi wQqvg Avwg g‡b Kwi
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ivwL GB wQqvg c~‡e©Kvi GK eQ‡ii ¸bvn gy‡Q w`‡eÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2044; evsjv
wgkKvZ nv/1946)|
G nv`xQ Øviv cÖZxqgvb nq †h, ivgvhvb gv‡mi wQqvg cvjb Kivi ci cÖwZgv‡m
wZbwU K‡i wQqvg cvjb Ki‡Z cvi‡j Zv‡K mviv eQi wQqvg cvjb Kivi †bKx
†Ìqv n‡e| Avivdvi w`b wQqvg cvjb Ki‡Z cvi‡j `yÕeQ‡ii ¸bvn gvd K‡i
†Ìqv n‡e| Avi gynviig gv‡mi 9 I 10 Zvwi‡L wQqvg cvjb Ki‡Z cvi‡j GK
eQ‡ii ¸bvn gvd Kiv n‡e| GB wQqvg¸wj gvby‡li cvc †gvP‡bi eo gva¨g| GB
wQqvg¸wj cvjb Kivi Rb¨ gvby‡li GKvš—fv‡e †Póv Kiv DwPZ|
%
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†Kbbv mvnvix‡Z eiKZ i‡q‡QÕ (gyËvdvK¡ AvjvBn, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1885)|
Z [9 ( Z( (O 7, ! 7(; : d7e
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†K eo jvfevb 143
mvnj Beby mvÔ` (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ôgvbyl
Kj¨v‡Yi g‡a¨ _vK‡e, hZKvj Zviv ZvovZvwo BdZvi Ki‡eÕ (gyËvdvK¡ AvjvBn,
( 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . c* <*8 > ( s ; ( $7& , ;
@.Y 0 y( ! >g5( ts d(7; U & 7& 5( # G
9 & g5( s $ D d(7; U & 7& 5( B # -( U( 5& -(
mvjgvb Beby Av‡gi (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔhLb
†Zvgv‡ì †KD BdZvi K‡i, †m †hb †LRyi Øviv BdZvi K‡i| †Kbbv Zv‡Z
eiKZ i‡q‡Q| hw` †LRyi bv cvq, Z‡e †hb cvwb Øviv BdZvi K‡i| †Kbbv Zv
nj cweÎÕ (Avngv`, wZiwghx, Avey`vD`, Beby gvRvn, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1893)|
d(7; c 7JS
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K‡qKwU ZvRv †LRyi Øviv BdZvi Ki‡Zb| hw` ZvRv †LRyi bv _vKZ, ïKbv
†LRyi Øviv BdZvi Ki‡Zb| hw` ïKbv †LRyiI bv _vKZ, Z‡e K‡qK AÄjx
cvwbB cvb Ki‡ZbÕ (wZiwghx, Avey`vD`, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1894)|
7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . Z( (O : Z( (O ! "; : c b . Q*c"0 G & #s ` # 9V ;
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hv‡q` Beby Lv‡j` (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h e¨w³
†Kvb wQqvg cvjbKvix‡K BdZvi Kwi‡q‡Q A_ev †Kvb Mvhx‡K wRnv‡ì mvgMÖx
`vb K‡i‡Q, Zvi RbÏ Zvi Abyiƒc QIqve i‡q‡QÕ (evqnvK¡x, evsjv wgkKvZ
nv/1895)|
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ZLb ej‡Zb, ÔZ…òv `~i nj, wkiv-Dcwkiv wm³ nj Ges Avj−vn Pvb †Zv QIqve
wba©vwiZ njÕ (Avey `vD`, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1896)|
144 †K eo jvfevb
7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . ( (B p ((O 0>-( 0"; : c b . " ] $ & _* - q( i
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_vK‡Zb, hv‡Z Avgiv ejZvg †h, wZwb Avi wQqvg Qvo‡eb bv| Gfv‡e wZwb
wQqvg Qvo‡Z Avi¤¢ KiwZb, hv‡Z Avgiv ejZvg †h, wZwb eywS Avi (G gv‡m)
wQqvg ivL‡eb bv| Avwg ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt)-†K KLbI ivgvhvb Qvov c~Y© gvm wQqvg
cvjb Ki‡Z †`wLwb Ges G kvÔevb A‡c¶v †Kvb gv‡m AwaK wQqvg cvjb
Ki‡ZI †`wLwb| Ab¨ eY©bvq Av‡Q, Av‡qkv (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~jyj−vn c~Y© kvÔevb
gv‡mB wQqvg cvjb Ki‡Zb| A_©vr K‡qK w`b e¨ZxZ c~Y© kvÔevb gvm wQqvg
ivL‡Zb (gyËvdvK¡ AvjvBn, e½vbyev` wgkKvZ nv/1938)|
# _ S
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wQqv‡gi ci Avj−vni gvm gynvii‡gi wQqvgB nj †kªô wQqvg Ges cih Qvjv‡Zi
ci iv‡Zi QvjvZB nj †kªô QvjvZÕ (gymwjg, e½vbyev` wgkKvZ nv/1941)|
7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . _ e Z( (O $0 "; : c b . vs <>; # <; ;
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wQqvg cvjb Ki‡jb Ges G‡Z wQqvg cvj‡bi Rb¨ wb‡`©k w`‡jb| QvnvexMY
ej‡jb, †n Avj−vni ivm~j (Qvt)! G w`b‡K †Zv Bû`x I bvQviviv m¤§vb K‡i|
ZLb wZwb ej‡jb, Ôhw` Avwg AvMvgx eQi ch©š— †eu‡P _vwK, Z‡e wbðqB Avwg
beg Zvwi‡LI wQqvg ivLeÕ (gymwjg, e½vbyev` wgkKvZ nv/1943)|
†K eo jvfevb 145
# H 5( q( "9# $ & _ # O( 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z( , . -( $0 "; : c b . v s ><; ;
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Ki‡jb, Bû`xMY‡K †`L‡jb, Zviv Avk~ivi w`b wQqvg cvjb K‡i| ivm~j (Qvt)
Zv‡ì wR‡Ám Ki‡jb, Gw`b †Zvgiv hv‡Z wQqvg ivL, GUv wK? Zviv ejj, GUv
GKwU gnvb w`b| G‡Z Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv g~mv I Zvi KIg‡K gyw³ w`‡q‡Qb Ges
wdivDb I Zvi KIg‡K wbgw¾Z K‡i‡Qb| AZGe g~mv (Avt)-Gi ïKwiqv ¯îƒc
wQqvg cvjb K‡iwQ‡jb, AZtci AvgivI ivwL| ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) ej‡jb, AvgivB
†Zvgv‡ì A‡c¶v g~mvi AwaKZi Avcb I AwaKZi nK`vi| AZtci ivm~j
(Qvt) G‡Z c~e©er wQqvg cvjb Ki‡jb Ges Avgv‡ì‡KI wQqvg cvjb Ki‡Z
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Avk~ivi wQqvg, whjn‡¾i cÖ_g `k‡Ki wQqvg, cÖ‡Z¨K gv‡mi wZb w`‡bi wQqvg
Ges dR‡ii c~‡e©i `yÕivKvÔAvZ mybœvZ (bvmvC, e½vbyev` wgkKvZ nv/1971)|
Z( (C5( "r& _ e
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wQqvg m¤ú‡K© wR‡Ám Kiv nj| wZwb ej‡jb, Ô†mvgev‡iB Avwg Rb¥MÖnY K‡iwQ
Ges Gw`‡bB cÖ_g Avgvi Dc‡i KziAvb bvwhj n‡q‡QÕ (gymwjg, e½vbyev` wgkKvZ
nv/1947)|
146 †K eo jvfevb
"r& _ S
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wQqvg cvjb Ki‡Zb (wZiwghx, bvmvC, e½vbyev` wgkKvZ nv/1957)|
7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z( , . -( ! r(#> ! >-( ! "; : c b
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e¨w³ ivgvhv‡bi wQqvg cvjb K‡i‡Q Ges c‡i kvIqv‡ji Qqw`b wQqvg cvjb
K‡i‡Q, GUv Zvi c~Y© eQ‡ii wQqv‡gi mgvb n‡eÕ (gymwjg, e½vbyev` wgkKvZ nv/1949)|
Z (C9 P q ">( c5 7, ! 7(; : d7e c* <"> ; ! "; : c b . #s , 6 0 , ;
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i‡q‡Q, hv‡K ivBq¨vb ejv nq| wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b wQqvg cvjbKvixMY, †mB ìRv w`‡q
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Rvnvbœvg †_‡K euvPvi GKwU ¯’vqx `yM©Õ (AvZ-ZviMxe nv/1382)|
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†K eo jvfevb 147
Avey Dgvgv ev‡njx (ivt) e‡jb, Avwg ejjvg, †n Avj−vni ivm~j (Qvt)! Avgv‡K
GKwU Avg‡ji K_v ejyb| bex Kixg (Qvt) ej‡jb, Zzwg wQqvg cvjb Ki, wbðqB
wQqv‡gi mgZzj¨ †Kvb Bev`Z †bB| Ab¨ eY©bvq i‡q‡Q, Avwg ejjvg, †n Avj−vni
ivm~j (Qvt)! Avgv‡K GKwU Avg‡ji Av‡`k Ki“b| bex Kixg (Qvt) ej‡jb, Zzwg
wQqvg cvjb Ki, Bev`‡Zi g‡a¨ wQqv‡gi mgZzj¨ †Kvb Bev`Z †bBÕ (AvZ-ZviMxe
nv/1392)|
c5 g5( %

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wKZv‡ei wQqv‡gi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ n‡”Q mvnvix LvIqvÕ (AvZ-ZviMxe nv/1520)|
q B( <& : 7, ! 7(; : d7e
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mvnvix Lvq, Zv‡ì Dci Avj−vn `qv K‡ib Ges wdwikZvMY ¶gv PvbÕ (AvZ-
ZviMxe nv/1522)|
148 †K eo jvfevb
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Gi wbKU †Mjvg| ZLb wZwb mvnvix Lvw”Q‡jb| wZwb ej‡jb, Ômvnvix‡Z eiKZ
i‡q‡Q| Avj−vn †Zvgv‡ì‡K GwU `vb K‡i‡Qb| †Zvgiv KL‡bv Zv Z¨vM Ki bvÕ
(AvZ-ZviMxe nv/1526)|
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Kiv nj, Zvici wK? wZwb ej‡jb, KeyjK…Z n¾Õ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2506)|
G nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj †h, me‡P‡q DËg Avgj nj Avj−vn I Zuvi ivm~j (Qvt)-
Gi cÖwZ wek¦vm ivLv| wØZxq DËg Avgj nj Avj−vni c‡_ wRnv` Kiv| Z…Zxq
DËg Avgj nj Keyj n¾, hvi wewbgq nj RvbœvZ|
†K eo jvfevb 149
7(5( ! 7 «> 7, ! 7(; : d7e
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gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2507; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2393)| G nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj †h, n¾ cvc
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Rvbv hvq †h, ivgvhvb gv‡m Igiv Ki‡j Keyj n‡¾i mgvb †bKx †`qv n‡e| Avi
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Ki| †Kbbv n¾ I Igiv Ggbfv‡e `wi`ªZv I ¸bvn `~i K‡i †hfv‡e Kvgv‡ii
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nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj n¾-Igiv GKmv‡_ Kiv fvj| hvi bvg †Kivb| Z‡e Igiv
Kivi ciI n¾ Kiv, hvi bvg ZvgvËz| Kvgv‡ii nuvci †hfv‡e Av¸‡bi mvnv‡h¨
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hvÎx| Mvhx, nvRx I Igiv cvjbKvixÕ (bvmvC, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, wgkKvZ nv/2537;
evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2422)| G nv`xQ Øviv cÖZxqgvb nq †h, hviv n¾ I Igiv cvjb
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nvRv‡i AvmIqv` I †ivK‡b Bqvgvbxi cÖwZ †hfv‡e Suvwc‡q co‡Zb, ivm~j (Qvt)-
Gi Qvnvex‡ì Aci KvD‡K Zvi cÖwZ Giƒc Suvwc‡q co‡Z †`wLwb| Beby Igi
(ivt) e‡jb, Avwg hw` Giƒc Kwi, Zv‡Z †`v‡li wKQy †bB| †Kbbv Avwg ivm~j
(Qvt)†K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ, Zv‡ì ¯úk© Kiv ¸bv‡ni Kvddviv ¯îƒc| ivm~j (Qvt)-†K
Av‡iv ej‡Z ï‡bwQ, †h e¨w³ evqZzj−vni Pvi w`‡K mvZ cvK Nyi‡e Ges Zv c~Y©
Ki‡e, Zvi Rb¨ †Mvjvg Avhv‡ì mgcwigvY †bKx n‡e| Beby Igi (ivt) e‡jb,
†K eo jvfevb 151
Avwg Zuv‡K Av‡iv ej‡Z ï‡bwQ, †Kvb e¨w³ ZvIqv‡di mgq hZevi cv DVv‡e ev
bvgv‡e ZZevi Avj−vn GKwU ¸bvn ¶gv Ki‡eb I GKwU †bKx wba©viY Ki‡ebÕ
(wZiwghx, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx wgkKvZ nv/2580; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2465)| G nv`xQ Øviv eySv
†Mj †h, nvRv‡i AvmIqv` I †ivK‡b Bqvgvbx ¯úk© Ki‡j ¸bvn gvd nq|
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ïei“gvi c¶ n‡Z n‡¾i wbqZ KiwQ| ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb, ïei“gv †K? †m
ejj, Avgvi GK fvB A_ev ejj, Avgvi GK AvZ¥xq| ZLb ivm~j ej‡jb, Zzwg
wK wb‡Ri n¾ K‡iQ? †m ejj, wR bv| ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb, Z‡e Zzwg cÖ_‡g
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K‡ib, wZwb Zv Keyj K‡ib Ges hw` Zuvi wbKU ¶gv Pvb, wZwb Zv‡ì‡K ¶gv
K‡i †`bÕ (Beby gvRvn, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2421)|
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†Zvgvi †L`g‡Z `Êvqgvb AvwQ, Avwg †Zvgvi †L`g‡Z `Êvqgvb AvwQ, †Zvgvi
†Kvb kixK †bB, Avwg †Zvgvi †L`g‡Z `Êvqgvb AvwQ, mg¯— cÖksmv I mg¯—
†bÔgZ †ZvgviB Ges mgMÖ ivRZ¡ †Zvgvi; †Zvgvi †Kvb kixK †bBÕ| wZwb GB
KqwU K_vi AwaK wKQz e‡jbwb (gyËvdvK¡ AvjvBn, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2426)|
d><( c <*7(9 s 7 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O #s , 6 0 , ;
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mvnj Beby mvÔ` (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~jyj−vn e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h †Kvb gymjgvb Zvjweqv e‡j,
Zvi mv‡_ Zvjweqv e‡j hv Zvi Wv‡b-ev‡g Av‡Q, c~e©-cwð‡gi mxgv ch©š—-cv_i,
MvQ ev gvwUi †XjvÕ (wZiwghx, Beby gvRvn, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2435)|
Rv‡ei Beby Avãyj−vn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) g`xbvq bq eQi AwZevwnZ
Ki‡jb n¾ bv K‡i, AZtci `kg eQi †jv‡Ki g‡a¨ †NvlYv Kiv nj †h,
ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) G eQi n‡¾ hv‡eb| myZivs g`xbvq eû †jvK AvMgb Kij|
AZtci Avgiv Zuvi mv‡_ n‡¾ iIqvbv njvg Ges hLb hyjûjvqdv ch©š—
†cuŠQjvg, ZLb (Avey eK‡ii ¯¿x) Avmgv webZz DgvBm gynv¤§v` Beby Avey eKi‡K
cÖme Ki‡jb| AZGe Avmgv ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt)-Gi wbKU wR‡Ám Ki‡jb †h, GLb
Avwg wK Kie? ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb, Zzwg †Mvmj Ki Ges Kvc‡oi †bKov Øviv
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gmwR‡` (`yB ivKÔAvZ) QvjvZ co‡jb, AZtci KvQIqv DUbx‡Z mIqvi n‡jb|
Ae‡k‡l hLb evq`v bvgK ¯’v‡b DUbx Zuv‡K wb‡q †mvRv n‡q ùvovj, wZwb
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ÔnvRv‡i AvmIqv‡`Õ nv‡Z ¯úk© K‡i Pzgv w`‡jb, AZtci mvZ cvK evqZzj−vn
cÖ`w¶Y Ki‡jb; wZb cvK †Rv‡i c`‡¶c Ki‡jb Ges Pvi cvK ¯^vfvweKfv‡e
Pj‡jb| AZtci ÔgvKv‡g BeivnxgÕ-Gi w`‡K AMÖmi n‡jb Ges KziAv‡bi G
†K eo jvfevb 153
AvqvZ cvV Ki‡jb, ÔGes gvKv‡g Beivnxg‡K Qvjv‡Zi ¯’v‡b cwiYZ KiÕ| G
mgq ivm~j (Qvt) `yÕivKÔAvZ QvjvZ co‡jb gvKv‡g Beivnxg‡K wb‡Ri I
evqZzj−vni ga¨Lv‡b †i‡L| Aci eY©bvq Av‡Q, H `yB ivKÔAv‡Z ivm~j (Qvt) m~iv
ÔKzj ûIqvj−vû Avnv`Õ I ÔKzj Bqv Avqy¨nvj KvwdiƒbÕ c‡owQ‡jb| AZtci nvRv‡i
AvmIqv‡ì w`‡K cÖZ¨veZ©b Ki‡jb Ges Zv‡K ¯úk© K‡i Pzgv w`‡jb| Zrci
ìRv w`‡q mvdv ce©‡Zi w`‡K †ei n‡jb Ges hLb mvdvi wbK‡U †cuŠQ‡jb|
wZwb KziAv‡bi G AvqvZ cvV Ki‡jb, ÔwbðqB mvdv I gviIqv Avj−vni wb`k©b
mg~‡ni Aš—M©ZÕ| Avi ej‡jb, Avwg †mUv †_‡K ïi“ Kie, †hLvb †_‡K Avj−vn
ïi“ K‡i‡Qb| myZivs wZwb mvdv n‡Z Avi¤¢ Ki‡jb Ges Zvi Dc‡i Po‡jb,
hv‡Z wZwb Avj−vni Ni †`L‡Z †c‡jb| ZLb wZwb wK¡ejv A_©vr Avj−vni N‡ii
w`‡K wd‡i Avj−vni ZvInx‡ì †NvlYv Ki‡jb Ges Zuvi gwngv eY©bv Ki‡jb Ges
ej‡jb, Avj−vn e¨ZxZ †Kvb gvÔe~` †bB, wZwb AwØZxq, Zuvi †Kvb kixK †bB,
ZuviB kvmb Ges ZuviB mg¯— cÖksmv, wZwb n‡”Qb me©kw³gvb| Avj−vn e¨ZxZ
†Kvb gvÔe~` †bB, wZwb AwØZxq| wZwb Zuvi cÖwZkÖ“wZ c~Y© K‡i‡Qb Ges Zuvi
ev›`v‡K mvnvh¨ K‡i‡Qb Ges GKvKx mg¯— mw¤§wjZ kw³‡K civf~Z K‡i‡Qb|
GUv wZwb wZbevi ej‡jb Ges G‡ì ga¨Lv‡b wKQz †`vÔAv Ki‡jb| AZtci mvdv
n‡Z AeZiY Ki‡jb Ges Z¡wi‡Z gviIqv Awfgy‡L †nu‡U Pj‡jb, hZ¶Y bv Zuvi
cv DcZ¨Kv mgZ‡j wM‡q †VKj| AZtci wZwb †`Šwo‡q Pj‡jb, hZ¶Y bv
DcZ¨Kv AwZµg Ki‡jb| hLb PovB‡Z DV‡jb ¯^vfvweKfv‡e †nu‡U Pj‡jb,
hZ¶Y bv gviIqv †cuŠQ‡jb| Z_vq wZwb HiƒcB Ki‡jb, †hiƒc mvdvi Dci
K‡iwQ‡jb| GgbwK hLb gviIqvi †kl Pjv mgvß nj, gviIqvi Dci ùvwo‡q
†jvK‡ì m‡¤^vab Ki‡jb, Avi †jv‡Kiv wQj ZLb bx‡P| wZwb ej‡jb, hw` Avwg
Avgvi e¨vcv‡i c~‡e© eyS‡Z cviZvg, hv Avwg c‡i eyS‡Z †c‡iwQ, Zvn‡j KLbI
Avwg Kzievbxi cï m‡½ AvbZvg bv Ges G‡K Igivi iƒc `vb KiZvg| myZivs
†Zvgv‡ì g‡a¨ hvi m‡½ Kzievbxi cky †bB †m †hb Gnivg Ly‡j †d‡j Ges G‡K
Igivi iƒc `vb K‡i| Gmgq myivKv Beby gv‡jK Be‡b Ryïg ùvwo‡q ejj, †n
Avj−vni ivm~j (Qvt)! GUv wK Avgv‡ì G eQ‡ii Rb¨B, bv wPiKv‡ji Rb¨? ZLb
ivm~j (Qvt) ¯^xq nv‡Zi Av½yj mg~n ci¯ú‡ii g‡a¨ XywK‡q `yÕevi ej‡jb, Igiv
n‡¾i g‡a¨ cÖ‡ek Kij| bv, eis wPiKv‡ji Rb¨, wPiKv‡ji Rb¨|
G mgq Avjx (ivt) Bqvgb n‡Z (wZwb Z_vq wePviK c‡` wbhy³ wQ‡jb) bex
Kixg (Qvt)-Gi Kzievbxi cï wb‡q Avm‡jb| ZLb ivm~j (Qvt) Zv‡K wR‡Ám
Ki‡jb, Zzwg Gnivg †eu‡awQ‡j wK‡mi? wZwb ej‡jb, Avwg Giƒc e‡jwQ, †n
154 †K eo jvfevb
Avj−vn! Gnivg euvawQ †hfv‡e Gnivg †eu‡a‡Qb †Zvgvi ivm~j| ZLb ivm~j
ej‡jb, Z‡e Zzwg Gnivg Lyj bv| †Kbbv Avgvi mv‡_ Kzievbxi cï i‡q‡Q|
Rv‡ei e‡jb, †h mKj cï Avjx Bqvgb n‡Z G‡bwQ‡jb, Avi hv bex Kixg (Qvt)
wb‡R mv‡_ G‡bwQ‡jb Zv GK‡Î nj GKkZ| Rv‡ei e‡jb, myZivs bex Kixg
(Qvt) Ges hv‡ì mv‡_ Zuvi b¨vq Kzievbxi cï wQj Zviv e¨ZxZ mevB Gnivg
Ly‡j †djj Ges gv_v QuvUvj| AZtci hLb (8 whjn¾) Zviweqvi w`b Avmj,
(hviv Gnivg Ly‡j †d‡jwQ‡jb Zviv) mevB bZzbfv‡e Gnivg euva‡jb Ges wgbvi
w`‡K iIqvbv n‡jb Ges bex Kixg (Qvt)I mIqvi n‡q †M‡jb Ges Z_vq †hvni-
AvQi, gvMwie-Gkv I dR‡ii QvjvZ co‡jb| AZtci Z_vq mvgvb¨ mgq
A‡c¶v Ki‡jb, hv‡Z m~h© DVj| Gmgq wZwb ûKzg Ki‡jb, †KD wM‡q †hb
bvwgivq Zuvi Rb¨ GKwU ck‡gi Zuvey Uvbvq Ges ivm~jyjv− n (Qvt) †mw`‡K iIqvbv
n‡q †M‡jb| ZLb KzivBkiv Rv‡nwjqv‡Z KiZ (Ges mvavi‡Yi mv‡_ Avivdv‡Z
Ae¯’vb Ki‡eb bv, hv‡Z Zv‡ì gvb nvwb nq); wKš‘ ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) m¤§y‡L AMÖmi
n‡Z _vK‡jb, hZ¶Y bv Avivdvi wbK‡U wM‡q †cuŠQ‡jb Ges †`L‡jb, Z_vq
bvwgivq Zuvi Rb¨ Zuvey LvUvb n‡q‡Q| myZivs wZwb †mLv‡b AeZiY Ki‡jb (I
Ae¯’vb MÖnY Ki‡jb)| Ae‡k‡l hLb m~h© X‡j coj wZwb Zuvi KvQIqv DUbx
mvRv‡Z Av‡`k w`‡jb, Avi Zv mvRv‡bv nj Ges wZwb ÔevZ‡b Iqv`xÕ ev Avivbv
DcZ¨Kvq †cuŠQ‡jb Ges †jvK‡ì D‡Ï‡k¨ fvlY `vb Ki‡jb Ges ej‡jb-
Ô†Zvgv‡ì G‡Ki Rvb I gvj †Zvgv‡ì Ac‡ii cÖwZ (mKj w`‡b, mKj gv‡m,
mKj ¯’v‡b) nvivg, †hfv‡e Gw`‡b, G gv‡m, G kn‡i nvivg| ïb, g~L©Zvi hy‡Mi
mKj AcKg© iwnZ nj Ges g~L©Zvi hy‡Mi i‡³i `vexmg~nI iwnZ nj, Avi
Avgv‡ì i‡³i `vexmg~‡ni †h `vex Avwg cÖ_‡g iwnZ Kijvg, Zv nj (Avgvi
wbR es‡ki Avqvk) Beby iexÔAv Be‡b nv‡i‡Qi i‡³i `vex| †m ebx mvÔ` †Mv‡Î
`yacvb Ae¯’vq wQj, Ggb Ae¯’vq ûhvBj Beby nv‡i‡Qi †jv‡Kiv Zv‡K nZ¨ K‡i|
Gfv‡e g~L©Zvi hy‡Mi my` iwnZ nj, Avi Avgv‡ì my`mg~‡ni †h my` Avwg cÖ_‡g
iwnZ Kijvg, Zv nj (Avgvi PvPv) AveŸvm Beby Avãyj gyËvwj‡ei my`| Zv mg¯—
iwnZ nj|
wØZxq K_v nj, Ô†Zvgiv bvix‡ì e¨vcv‡i Avj−vn‡K fq Ki‡e| †Kbbv †Zvgiv
Zv‡ì‡K MÖnY K‡iQ Avj−vni Rvgvb‡Z Ges Avj−vni wb‡`©‡k Zv‡ì ¸ß A½‡K
nvjvj K‡iQ| Zv‡ì Dci †Zvgv‡ì nK nj, Zviv †hb †Zvgv‡ì †Rbvb gn‡j
Aci KvD‡KI †h‡Z bv †`q, hv †Zvgiv Acm›` K‡i _vK| hw` Zviv Zv K‡i,
†K eo jvfevb 155
Z‡e Zv‡ì‡K gvi‡e AK‡Vvi gvi Avi †Zvgv‡ì Dci Zv‡ì nK nj, †Zvgiv
b¨vqm½Zfv‡e Zv‡ì Abœ I e‡¯¿i eë¯’v Ki‡e (evm¯’vbmn)|
Z…Zxq K_v nj, ÔAvwg †Zvgv‡ì g‡a¨ Ggb GK wRwbm †i‡L hvw”Q, hw` †Zvgiv
Zv a‡i _vK, Z‡e †Zvgiv Avgvi ci KLbI wec_Mvgx n‡e bv| Zv n‡”Q Avj−vni
wKZve I Avgvi mybœvZÕ|
†n †jvKmKj! †Zvgiv Avgvi m¤ú‡K© wRÁvwmZ n‡e, ZLb wK ej‡e? Zviv DË‡i
ejj, Avgiv mv¶¨ wè †h, Avcwb wbðqB Avgv‡ì‡K Avj−vni evYx †cuŠ‡Q
w`‡q‡Qb, ¯^xq KZ©e¨ m¤úv`b K‡i‡Qb Ges Avgv‡ì Kj¨vY Kvgbv K‡i‡Qb|
ZLb wZwb Avcb kvnv`Z A½yjx AvKv‡ki w`‡K DwV‡q Ges Zv Øviv gvby‡li w`‡K
Bw½Z K‡i wZbevi ej‡jb, Avj−vn Zzwg mv¶x _vK, Avj−vn Zzwg mv¶x _vK|
AZtci †ejvj Avhvb w`‡jb I GKvgZ ej‡jb Ges ivm~j (Qvt) †hvni co‡jb|
†ejvj cybivq GKvgZ ej‡jb Ges ivm~j (Qvt) AvQi co‡jb Ges Zv‡ì
ga¨Lv‡b Aci †Kvb bdj co‡jb bv| Zrci wZwb KvQIqv DVbx‡Z mIqvi n‡q
gvI‡K‡d (Ae¯’vb¯’‡j) †cuŠQ‡jb Ges Zvi wcQb w`K (Rvev‡j ing‡Zi bx‡P)
cv_img~‡ni w`‡K Ges nvejyj gvkvZ‡K Avcb m¤§y‡L K‡i wK¡ejvi w`‡K n‡jb|
Gfv‡e wZwb ùvwo‡q iB‡jb, hZ¶Y bv m~h© A¯—wgZ n‡q †Mj Ges wcËvf eY©
wKQzUv P‡j †Mj| Ae‡k‡l m~h© †MvjK m¤ú~Y© bx‡P A`„k¨ n‡q †Mj| AZtci
wZwb Dmvgv‡K ¯^xq mIqvixi wcQ‡b emv‡jb Ges mIqvix Pvjv‡Z jvM‡jb hZ¶Y
bv gyh`vwjdvq †cuŠQ‡jb| Z_vq wZwb GK Avhvb I `yB GKvg‡Zi mv‡_ gvMwie I
Gkv co‡jb Ges Zv‡ì ga¨Lv‡b †Kvb bdj co‡jb bv| AZtci ï‡q _vK‡jb,
hZ¶Y bv Dlv D`q nj| Zrci hLb Dlv cwi®‹vi n‡q †Mj Avhvb I GKvg‡Zi
mv‡_ dR‡ii QvjvZ co‡jb| AZtci wZwb KvQIqvq mIqvi n‡jb, hv‡Z wZwb
gvkÔAvi“j nvivg bvgK ¯’v‡b †cuŠQ‡jb| Z_vq wZwb wK¡ejvgyLx n‡q Avj−vni wbKU
†`vÔAv Ki‡jb, Zuvi gnË¡ †NvlYv Ki‡jb, Kv‡jgv‡q ZvInx` co‡jb Ges Zuvi
GKZ¡ †NvlYv Ki‡jb| wZwb Z_vq ùvwo‡q Giƒc Ki‡Z _vK‡jb, hZ¶Y bv
AvKvk Lye dm©v n‡q †Mj| AZtci wZwb m~‡h©v`‡qi c~‡e©B mIqvix Pvwj‡q w`‡jb
Ges (¯^xq PvPvZ fvB) dhj Beby AveŸvm‡K mIqvixi wcQ‡b emv‡jb, hv‡Z wZwb
ÔevZ‡b gynvmwmiÕ bvgK ¯’v‡b †cuŠQ‡jb Ges mIqvix‡K wKQz D‡ËwRZ Ki‡jb|
AZtci wZwb ga¨g c_ ai‡jb hv eo Rvgivi w`‡K wM‡q‡Q| myZivs wZwb H
Rvgivi wbKU †cuŠQ‡jb, hv Mv‡Qi wbK‡U Av‡Q (A_©vr eo Rvgiv) Ges evZ‡b
Iqv`x A_©vr bx‡Pi Lvwj RvqMv n‡Z Zvi Dci mvZwU KuvKi gvi‡jb, gg©i `vbvi
156 †K eo jvfevb
gZ KuvKi Ges cÖ‡Z¨K KuvK‡ii mv‡_ Avj−vû AvKevi ej‡jb| AZtci †mLvb
n‡Z wdi‡jb Kzievbxi ¯’v‡bi w`‡K Ges wbR nv‡Z †ZlwÆwU DU Kzievbx Ki‡jb,
Avi hv evKx _vKj Zv Avjx‡K w`‡jb| wZwb Zv Kzievbx Ki‡jb| wZwb ¯^xq
cï‡Z Avjx‡KI kixK Ki‡jb| ZLb wZwb wb‡`©k w`‡jb hv‡Z cÖ‡Z¨K cï n‡Z
wKQz Ask †bIqv nq Ges GK‡Î cvK‡bv nq| Z`vbyhvqx GKwU †W‡M Zv cvKv‡bv
nj Ges Zuviv Df‡q Zvi †MvkZ †L‡jb I ïi“qv cvb Ki‡jb| AZtci ivm~jyj−vn
(Qvt) mIqvi n‡jb Ges evqZzj−vni w`‡K iIqvbv n‡jb Ges g°vq wM‡q †hvni
co‡jb| AZtci wZwb (Avcb †MvÎ) ebx Avãyj gyËvwj‡ei wbKU †cuŠQ‡jb, hviv
hgh‡gi cv‡o ùvwo‡q †jvK‡ì cvwb cvb Kivw”Qj| wZwb Zv‡ì‡K ej‡jb, †n
ebx Avãyj gyËvwje! Uvb, Uvb, hw` Avwg AvksKv bv KiZvg †h, cvwb cvb
Kiv‡bvi e¨vcv‡i †jvK †Zvgv‡ì‡K civf~Z K‡i w`‡e, Z‡e Avwg wb‡RI
†Zvgv‡ì mv‡_ cvwb UvbZvg| ZLb Zviv Zuv‡K GK evjwZ cvwb w`‡jb Ges Zv
n‡Z wZwb wKQz cvb Ki‡jbÕ (gymwjg, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2440)|
c 5 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . T >$ D : Z( (O $ 0 "; : c b . $ ; # <; ;
> r QX $ & -(# .q ( 7(%
& 1 1 # 0 & ! h
5( «* % & d( X $ & 2 & q G>
( (A5( Q«* % & d( X $ & 7, ! 7(; : d7e c* <"> T v >" T >$ 5( Q«* % & 6 3 -(
Z( (O q( A 7, ! 7(; : d7e cL <"> _ # O( >$7(5( Q#0 9 0 " #3 -( v >"
Q! G > c 8 C& 9 d> ! " _ ts c 6l % 9 / ! >g5( #3 -( A " ( (B v >"7
«* % & 6 0 > r Q6& 7% & S* C( & X $ & (S
> p <& z U 7& 5( #3 -( A " A 9 (
x (U5( ! 73 -( d( T H . ( qP <, «* % & c5 _s >9-( q( r(4(r S 7& 5( P9#3 # G 9 $ 5( Q# 0 &
T B( 5(F Q= . -( di x s y& -( q( r(4(r f > ` > r Qts c Z( > -( B& L 7(, q( A _ # O(
x (U5(F (S > dDk(5( x S 5( 7, > r Q B& . _ (C$ & # "; p <& ! 5(y( d8O(
% Q! G > d8O( d> ! " _ ts c 6 % 9 ( > r Qxs y& -( q( <, X $ & (S>
6( m& 6( 5( Q! " _ ts c 6J B 6 > r Qp <& x (U5( } (5-(F . % "> _ 9 ! 9# 3
.v
>" 1 # 0 & h , 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . 6( 5(
†K eo jvfevb 157
Avãyj−vn Beby Igi (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) we`vq n‡¾ ZvgvËzÔ K‡iwQ‡jb
n‡¾i mv‡_ Igiv wgwj‡q| wZwb hyjûjvqdv n‡Z Kzievbxi cky mv‡_ wb‡jb Ges
cÖ_‡g Zvjweqv ej‡jb Igivi, AZtci Zvjweqv ej‡jb, n‡¾i| myZivs
†jv‡KivI ZvgvËzÔ Kij bex Kixg (Qvt)-Gi m‡½ n‡¾i mv‡_ Igiv wgwj‡q|
Zv‡ì g‡a¨ †KD Kzievbxi cï m‡½ wbj Avi †KD Zv mv‡_ wbj bv| AZtci
hLb bex Kixg (Qvt) g°vq †cuŠQ‡jb, †jvK‡ì ej‡jb, †Zvgv‡ì g‡a¨ †h e¨w³
Kzievbxi cï mv‡_ G‡b‡Q, †m †hb nvjvj g‡b bv K‡i Ggb †Kvb welq‡K, hv
(Gniv‡gi Kvi‡Y) Zvi cÖwZ nvivg n‡q wM‡q‡Q, hZ¶Y bv †m ¯^xq n¾ m¤úbœ
K‡i| Avi †Zvgv‡ì g‡a¨ †h e¨w³ Kzievbxi cï mv‡_ Av‡bwb, †m †hb
evqZzj−vni ZIqvd I Qvdv-gviIqvi mvC K‡i Ges gv_v QuvwU‡q nvjvj n‡q hvq|
AZtci n‡¾i Gnivg euv‡a Ges Kzievbxi cï †bq| Avi †h Kzievbxi cï wb‡Z
cvi‡e bv, †m †hb wZb wQqvg iv‡L n‡¾i gImy‡g Avi mvZ w`b hLb evox‡Z
wd‡i hv‡e|
AZGe ivm~j cÖ_‡g Igivi Rb¨ evqZzj−vni ZIqvd Ki‡jb, hLb g°vq †cuŠQ‡jb
Ges nvRv‡i AvmIqv‡` Pzgv w`‡jb| wZwb ZIqv‡d wZbevi †Rv‡i Pj‡jb Avi
Pvievi ¯^vfvweK nuvU‡jb| hLb wZwb evqZzj−vni ZIqvd †kl Ki‡jb gvKv‡g
Beivnx‡gi wbKU `yÕivKÔAvZ QvjvZ co‡jb Ges mvjvg wdiv‡jb| AZtci
iIqvbv n‡jb Ges Qvdv-gviIqvq wM‡q mvZevi Qvdv-gviIqvi mvC Ki‡jb|
wKš‘ Zrci wZwb nvjvj Ki‡jb bv (Gniv‡gi Kvi‡Y) hv Zuvi cÖwZ nvivg n‡q
wM‡qwQj, hZ¶Y bv ¯^xq n¾ mgvcb Ki‡jb| A_©vr Kzievbxi Zvwi‡L Kzievbx
Ki‡jb Ges (wgbv n‡Z) g°vq wM‡q evqZyj−vni ZIqvd Ki‡jb| AZtci c~Y©
nvjvj n‡q †M‡jb Gniv‡gi Kvi‡Y hv Zuvi cÖwZ nvivg n‡q wM‡qwQj Zv n‡Z|
Avi †jvK‡ì g‡a¨ †h Kzievbxi cï mv‡_ wb‡qwQj †mI Abyiƒc Kij, hv
ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) K‡iwQ‡jb (gyËvdvK¡ AvjvBn, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2442)|
G
% & d( 6( <O& k(5( q( A 6( ` # 5( 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . 6( <O& -( Z( (O X( 9 3 c -( ;
6( G
5( ! 9# 9 T 5( 5( p
<& d( K "9 d> 4 ( 5( (S
> dD-( > r p
<& x (y > r ! $ 7(, (5
@;# 9 tF F B M& 9
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) g`xbv n‡Z Iiqvbv n‡q g°vq
†cuŠQ‡jb, AZtci nvRv‡i AvmIqv‡ì w`‡K AMÖmi n‡jb Ges Zv‡K Pzgv w`‡jb,
158 †K eo jvfevb
Zrci evqZzj−vni ZIqvd Ki‡jb| AZtci Qvdvi Dci Po‡jb, hv‡Z wZwb
evqZzj−vn †`L‡Z cvb| Zrci nvZ DVv‡jb Ges Avj−vni whwKi I †`vÔAv Ki‡Z
_vK‡jb hv wZwb PvB‡jb (Avey `vD`, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2460)|
_ 9 : ! ">m( <( G
% & c5 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O v s ><; ;
@En % ! $ 7(, d(7; # 0 i 9 ! E U "9 W $0 S
<9 "; ! ( q C &
Beby AveŸvm (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) nvRv‡i AvmIqv` m¤ú‡K©
e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvj−vni Kmg! wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b Avj−vn Zv‡K DVv‡eb, ZLb Zvi `yÕwU †PvL
n‡e hÏviv Zv †`L‡e Ges Zvi GKwU wRnŸv n‡e hÏviv Zv ej‡e Ges †h Zv‡K
Cgv‡bi mv‡_ Pz¤^b K‡i‡Q Zvi m¤^‡Ü mv¶¨ w`‡eÕ (wZiwghx, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2463)|
Z C 9 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z( , . p $ , Z( (O f ^> # <; ;
@{. >" j (M; "O> qP " X ` a& c5> qP " #L c5 "DN ">. } "B& L
Avãyj−vn Bebym mv‡qe (ivt) e‡jb, Avwg ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt)-†K nvRv‡i AvmIqv` I
i“K‡b Bqvgvbxi ga¨ RvqMvq Giƒc †`vÔAv Ki‡Z ï‡bwQ, Ô†n cÖfy! Zzwg
Avgv‡ì‡K `ywbqv‡Z Kj¨vY I AvwLiv‡Z Kj¨vY `vI Ges Avgv‡ì‡K Rvnvbœv‡gi
Av¸b n‡Z euvPvIÕ (Avey `vD`, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2466)|
T ( "D Y G
? >-( 7(; k(( c * Z C 9 G%
& 6 <*C( 9 $ ; p
9-(. Z( (O q( . u ; ;
@?
7& <>O( 6 <>C( 9 7, ! 7(; d7e Z( , . p 9-(. c >- /( ( QL8
D /(
Av‡em Beby iexÔAvn e‡jb, Avwg Igi (ivt)-†K nvRv‡i AvmIqv‡` Pzgv w`‡Z
†`‡LwQ Ges G K_v ej‡Z ï‡bwQ, Avwg wbwðZiƒ‡c Rvwb †h, Zzwg GKUv cv_i hv
Kv‡iv DcKvi Ki‡Z cv‡i bv, Kv‡iv ¶wZI Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| hw` Avwg ivm~jyj−vn
(Qvt)-†K †Zvgvq Pzgv w`‡Z bv †`LZvg, Z‡e Avwg KLbI †Zvgv‡K Pzgv w`Zvg bvÕ
(gyËvdvK¡ AvjvBn, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2473)|
_s 9 Z( (O 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z( , . p (O( 0 "; : c b . q( i ^; ;

0 c 3 <9 > r # ( ! > q( 5( ; _ 9 . >" =#<; ! 5 6 H [> ; : E 9L & -( m(B& -(
@t /( ] 3 2 .-( Z C 5( q( A( ^(7$ &
†K eo jvfevb 159
Av‡qkv (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvj−vn ZvÔAvjv Avivdvi w`‡b
Ab¨w`‡bi †P‡q †ekx gvbyl‡K Rvnvbœvg †_‡K gyw³ †`b| wZwb †mw`b Zv‡ì AwZ
wbKUeZ©x nb Ges Zv‡ì wb‡q wdwikZv‡ì mvg‡b Me© K‡ib Ges e‡jb Giv wK
Pvq ej? Zviv hv Pvq Avwg ZvB wèÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2594; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2478)|
G nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj †h, Avivdvi w`b cÖPzi gvbyl‡K Rvnvbœvg †_‡K gyw³ †`qv
nq| †mw`b gvbyl Avj−vni Kv‡Q hv PvB‡e wZwb ZvB `vb Ki‡eb| †mw`b Avj−vn
gvbyl‡K †`qvi Rb¨ Lye wbKUeZ©x n‡q hvb|
G
% & Z( [ 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . v s ><; ;
@_ 2 N c " 9(U` ! D2 > 5( <7 =b #L -( 3 q ">G
& 2 , k(&
Beby AveŸvm (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔnvRv‡i AvmIqv` hLb Rvnvbœvg
†_‡K AeZxY© nq ZLb `ya A‡c¶v AwaK mv`v wQj| c‡i Av`g mš—v‡bi ¸bvn
Zv‡K Kvj K‡i w`‡q‡QÕ (wZiwghx, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, wgkKvZ nv/2577; evsjv wgkKvZ
nv/2462)| G nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj †h, jvwV, nvZ ev Bkviv K‡i †h †Kvbfv‡e
nvRv‡i AvmIqv`‡K Pzgv w`‡Z cvi‡j ¸bvn gvd n‡q hv‡e| ¸bvni Lvivc
cÖwZwµqv i‡q‡Q| hvi cÖgvY GB cv_i|
Avj−vni iv¯—vq `vbKvix
`vb Ggb GKwU †bKxi KvR hv Øviv Avj−vni we‡kl ingZ cvIqv hvq| †Kvb
e¨w³ Avj−vn‡K mš‘ó Kivi Avkvq †Mvc‡b `vb Ki‡Z cvi‡j wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b hLb
Avj−vni Qvqv e¨ZxZ Avi †Kvb Qvqv _vK‡e bv ZLb Avj−vn Zv‡K Zvi we‡kl Qvqv
Z‡j ivL‡eb| gvbyl‡K wec` †_‡K euvPv‡bvi Rb¨ wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b `vb n‡e cÖgvY
¯îƒc|
: 0 7lK 9 qW <, 7, ! 7(; d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
EY 7 ! <7& O( 6W H . Q X 2 <; c 5 k(i j QZW 2 ; _ : ! 7l / 6 /( _9 ! 7· c 5
(O> ( D ! 7(; $ H c5 %D 4 ( H . Q! ( 2 9 d> ! " ` ( Q#H $ & c5
QZs $H f s ' ( XW -( ! ; 2 6W H . Q "; p b (5( =` F B( ( 6W H . Q! 7(;
E "D ! $ 7( D /( d> 3(` k(5( qs O(# S h #> S D 6W H . QF x `-( c * Z( (C5(
@! "$ 9
160 †K eo jvfevb
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔmvZ †kªYxi †jvK‡K Avj−vn Zuvi
Qvqv w`‡eb †hw`b Zuvi Qvqv Qvov Avi †Kvb Qvqv _vK‡e bv| (1) b¨vqcivqb kvmK,
(2) †mB hyeK †h Avj−vni Bev`‡Z eo n‡q‡Q, (3) †m e¨w³ hvi Aš—i me©`v
gmwR‡ì mv‡_ m¤ú„³ _v‡K, †mLvb †_‡K †ei n‡q Avmvi ci Z_vq wd‡i bv
hvIqv ch©š—, (4) Ggb `yB e¨w³ hviv Avj−vni Iqv‡¯— ci¯úi‡K fvjev‡m| Avj−vni
Iqv‡¯— Df‡q wgwjZ nq Ges Zuvi Rb¨B c„_K n‡q hvq, (5) Ggb e¨w³ †h wbR©‡b
Avj−vn‡K ¯§iY K‡i Avi Zvi `yB P¶z Akª“ wemR©b w`‡Z _v‡K, (6) Ggb e¨w³
hv‡K †Kvb m¤£vš— my›ìx bvix AvnŸvb K‡i Avi †m e‡j Avwg Avj−vn‡K fq Kwi Ges
(7) †m e¨w³ †h †Mvc‡b `vb K‡i| GgbwK Zvi evg nvZ Rvb‡Z cv‡i bv Zvi Wvb
nvZ wK `vb K‡iÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/701; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/649)|
G nv`xQ Øviv cÖZxqgvb nq †h, wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b hLb †Kvb Qvqv _vK‡e bv ZLb
Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv mvZ †kªYxi †jvK‡K we‡kl Qvqv Z‡j ivL‡eb| Zvi g‡a¨ GK
†kªYxi †jvK n‡”Q Avj−vni c‡_ †Mvc‡b `vbKvix| cÖK‡k¨ `vb Kiv Rv‡qh n‡jI
†Mvc‡b `vb Ki‡j †hgb †bKx nq cÖKv‡k¨ `vb Ki‡j †Zgb †bKx nq bv| AZGe
eo jvfevb nIqvi GK ¸i“Z¡c~Y© gva¨g n‡”Q Avj−vni c‡_ `vb Kiv|
qW O(# e
p
S
C( 7, ! 7(; d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
@: ! 5(. ! 7 #Y -( T b
D [; s & =#<; : 2 V Zs
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô`vb gvby‡li m¤ú`‡K n«vm K‡i
bv| Avi Zv ev›`v‡K ¶gv K‡i, Zvi gvb-gh©v`v e„w× K‡i| †h Avj−vni Iqv‡¯— webq
cÖKvk K‡i Avj−vn Zv‡K DbœZ K‡ibÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1889; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1795)|
H V E ( -( 7, ! 7(; d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
6 3 -( ( (B $ 5( j Y -( q ">G 7& q ">G
& j -( c ; 2 6 <, c 5 t k(& ts c
( (B 2 0G & j c ; 2 2 0G & 6 3 -( ( (B X (7S
> j
c ; 2 X 4 (S >
@ >9> j c ; 2 _ S * 6 3 -( ( (B q O(# S
> j c ; 2 q O(# S
> 6 3 -(
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h e¨w³ †Kvb wRwb‡mi GK
†Rvov Avj−vni iv¯—vq `vb K‡i Zv‡K wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b Rvbœv‡Zi mKj ìRv n‡Z
AvnŸvb Kiv n‡e, A_P Rvbœv‡Zi ìRv A‡bK (AvUwU)| myZivs †h e¨w³ QvjvZ
†K eo jvfevb 161
Av`vqKvix n‡e Zv‡K Qvjv‡Zi ìRv n‡Z AvnŸvb Kiv n‡e Ges †h e¨w³
`vbKvix n‡e Zv‡K `v‡bi ìRv n‡Z AvnŸvb Kiv n‡eÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ
nv/1797)| G nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj †h, `vbKvix‡ì Rb¨ Rvbœv‡Z GKwU wba©vwiZ
ìRv _vK‡e Ges †m ìRv n‡Z Zv‡K WvKv n‡e|
tF 9 Z( (O 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
@Xs , 5 ( 0D. G XW . H C %
D ( ' $7 $ &
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) GK`v e‡j‡jb, Ô†n gymwjg gwnjvMY!
†Zvgv‡ì g‡a¨ †Kvb cÖwZ‡ewkbx †hb Avcb cÖwZ‡ewkbx‡K DU ev QvM‡ji GKwU
Lyi `vb Kiv‡KI Zz”Q Ávb bv K‡iÕ (A_©vr mvgvb¨ n‡jI †hb `vb K‡i) (gyËvdvK¡
AvjvBn, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1798)|
C %
D /( 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . .n ( c -( ;
@Es 7y( !s H ~ `-( d(C7& D & -( ( P) x
$ &
Avey hvi (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†Kvb fvj KvR‡KB
Zz”Q g‡b Ki‡e bv, hwÌ Zv nq †Zvgvi fvB‡qi mv‡_ cÖmbœ gy‡L mv¶vr KivÕ
(gymwjg, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1800)|
s 7 6J B d(7; 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O :Z( (O 1 * F d, c -( ;
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Av¯—vMwdi“j−vn ejj A_ev gvby‡li Pjvi c_ n‡Z GKwU cv_i ev KuvUv ev nvo
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Dc‡`k †ÌqvI GKwU Qv`vKv Ges g›` KvR n‡Z wb‡la KivI GKwU Qv`vKv|
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Zv‡K nvjv‡j ¯’vcb Kij, Zv‡ZI Zvi QIqve n‡eÕ (gymwjg, evsjv wgkKvZ
nv/1804)|
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S
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Mv‡Qi Wv‡ji cvk w`‡q hvIqvi mgq ejj, Aek¨B Avwg GUv gymjgvb‡ì c_
n‡Z mwi‡q †dje, hv‡Z GUv Zv‡ì‡K Kó bv †`q| AZtci †m Zv mwi‡q
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164 †K eo jvfevb
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Avgv‡K Ggb GKwU welq wk¶v w`b, hv Øviv Avwg DcK…Z n‡Z cvwi| ivm~jyj−vn
(Qvt) e‡j‡jb, Zzwg gymjgvb‡ì c_ n‡Z Kó`vqK wRwbm `~i Ki‡eÕ (gymwjg,
G‡Z eySv †Mj †h, †h KvR gvbyl ev cÖvYxi DcKvi mvab K‡i †mUvB `vb| iv¯—v
n‡Z Kó`vqK wRwbm miv‡bvI GKwU Qv`vK¡v| Ggb Kv‡Ri cwiYvg RvbœvZ| GB
wZbwU nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, niZvj †W‡K iv¯—vNvU eÜ Kiv nvivg|
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Kvi‡Y GKwU cwZZv gwnjv‡K gvd K‡i †`qv n‡q‡Q| GKwU Kz‡ci cv‡o Dcweó
GKwU KzKz‡ii wbKU w`‡q AwZµg Kivi mgq †`Lj KzKziwU nvcv‡”Q Ges
wccvmvq g„Zzï Dcµg n‡q‡Q| G †`‡L †m wb‡Ri †gvhv Ly‡j gv_vi Iobvq †eu‡a
KzKziwUi Rb¨ cvwb DVvj| G Kvi‡Y Zv‡K gvd K‡i †`qv nj| Gmgq ivm~j
(Qvt)-†K wR‡Ám Kiv nj, (†n Avj−vni ivm~j!) cïi †mevqI wK Avgv‡ì Rb¨
†bKx i‡q‡Q? wZwb ej‡jb, cÖ‡Z¨K cÖvYxi †mevqB †bKx i‡q‡QÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg,
wgkKvZ nv/1902, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1807)| cÖvYxi †mev Kiv Qv`vK¡v| Avi GB †mevi
wewbgq ¶gv| †hgb GKRb cwZZv gwnjv cÖvYxi †mev K‡i ¶gv †c‡q‡Q| KzKzi
GKwU wbK…óZi cÖvYx| Zvi †mevi gva¨‡g hw` †Kvb cwZZv gwnjv gyw³ †c‡Z
cv‡i, Zvn‡j gvbe †mev KZB bv DËg! Avgv‡ì cv‡k¦© cxwoZ, i“Mœ, Amnvq
A‡bK gvbyl _v‡K| hv‡ì †mevq GwM‡q Avmv Avgv‡ì hiƒix KZ©e¨|
q( O(# S
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†K eo jvfevb 165
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`vb Ke‡ii kvw¯—‡K wgwU‡q †`q Ges wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b gywgb Zvi `v‡bi QvqvZ‡j
Qvqv MÖnY Ki‡eÕ (wmjwmjv Qnxnvn nv/1816/3484)|
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gymjgvb `vm‡K gy³ Ki‡e, †m Rvnvbœvg †_‡K gyw³ jvf Ki‡eÕ (wmjwmjv Qnxnvn
nv/1828)|
c U& D * * q O(# e
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hvq †h, †Mvcb `vb Ggb GK Bev`Z hv cÖwZcvj‡Ki ivM‡K gy‡Q †`q| Avj−vn
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Avey gvmE` AvbQvix (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔhLb †Kvb gymjgvb
¯^xq cwiev‡ii cÖwZ †Kvb LiP K‡i Avi Zvi QIqv‡ei Avkv iv‡L Zv Zvi Rb¨
`vb¯îƒc nqÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1834)|
c 5 ! C& ( -( .Y "92 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
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Avey ûivqivn (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, GKwU `xbvi Zzwg
Avj−vni iv¯—vq LiP K‡iQ, GKwU `xbvi Zzwg †Mvjvg Avhv` Kivq LiP K‡iQ,
GKwU `xbvi Zzwg GKRb `wi`ª‡K `vb K‡iQ Ges GKwU `xbvi Zzwg †Zvgvi
166 †K eo jvfevb
cwievi-cwiR‡bi cÖwZ LiP K‡iQ- G‡ì g‡a¨ †hwU †Zvgvi cwiev‡ii cÖwZ e¨q
K‡iQ, †mwUB nj QIqv‡ei w`K w`‡q AwaK eoÕ (gymwjg, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1835)|
qP O( p
I
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-&# 6J C $ & # 0 H Z( (O 6 8
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X -( $ & p
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Zvi Kvi‡Y Ges ¯^vgxi QIqve nq †m †h DcvR©b Kij Zvi Kvi‡Y| gvj i¶K
LvRvÂxi RbÏ i‡q‡Q Zvi Abyiƒc| G‡Z G‡K A‡bï QIqv‡ei wKQzB Kg Ki‡e
bvÕ (gyËvdvK¡ AvjvBn, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1851)|
X -( $ & p
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†K eo jvfevb 167
R <S 9 _s 9 7, ! 7(; d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
> 0 7 ` Z C 9 QP 7(` CP "
; - > 0 7 $3 # - Z C (5 Q/( [ "9 A( 7( / ! 5 2 <
@P 7(D PA $ ; -
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ev›`vMY †fv‡i D‡V, AvKvk n‡Z `yÕRb †d‡ikZv AeZxY© nb| Zv‡ì GKRb
e‡jb, †n Avj−vn! Zzwg `vZv‡K cÖwZ`vb `vI Ges AciRb e‡jb, †n Avj−vn! Zzwg
K…cY‡K me©bvk `vIÕ (gyËvdvK¡ AvjvBn, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1766)|
c S
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9 E -( : Z( (O 7, ! 7(; : d7e
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wgkKvZ nv/1768)|
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168 †K eo jvfevb
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Avey ûivqivn (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, GK e¨w³ ejj, †n Avj−vni ivm~j
(Qvt)! QIqv‡ei w`K w`‡q †Kvb `vb eo? wZwb ej‡jb, ÔhLb Zzwg my¯’ _vK,
a‡bi cÖwZ †jvf †cvlY Ki, Aciw`‡K fq Ki Zzwg `vwi‡`ªi Ges Avkv ivL abx
nIqvi- ZLbKvi `vb| myZivs Zzwg A‡c¶v Ki‡e bv `vb Ki‡Z †Zvgvi cÖvY
IôvMZ nIqvi mgq ch©š—, ZLb Zzwg ej‡e, G gvj Agy‡Ki Rb¨, Avi G gvj
Agy‡Ki Rb¨ A_P gvj Agy‡Ki n‡qB wM‡q‡QÕ (gyËvdvK¡ AvjvBn, evsjv wgkKvZ
nv/1773)|
†K eo jvfevb 169
FYMÖ¯‡— K AeKvk cÖ`vbKvix
†Kvb e¨w³i Dci hw` F‡Yi cwigvY Zvi ab-m¤ú` A‡c¶v AwaK nq, †m †¶‡Î
cvIbv`viM‡Yi Rb¨ Kj¨vYKi n‡e FYx‡K AeKvk `vb Kiv| FYMÖ¯‡— K AeKvk
`vbKvix e¨w³‡K Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv wK¡qvg‡Zi gv‡V we‡kl Qvqv Z‡j ivL‡eb|
Avj−vn Ggb †jvK‡K ¶gv K‡i RvbœvZ `vb Ki‡eb|
9#9 6W H . ( (B 7, ! 7(; d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
c C 7(5( Q>"; V G9> & - F 6 ( Q!"; V G5( = p
D-( ( : ( Z C 9 ( (B Qv>"
@! "; V G5( F
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔGK e¨w³ †jvK‡ì‡K FY w`Z|
†m Zvi Kg©Pvix‡K ejZ, †Kvb e¨w³‡K FY cwi‡kv‡a A¶g †`L‡j Zv‡K ¶gv
K‡i wÌ| nq‡Zv G Kv‡Ri wewbg‡q Avj−vn Avgv‡ì‡K ¶gv K‡i w`‡eb| ivm~j
(Qvt) ej‡jb, H e¨w³ g„Zzï ci Avj−vni wbKU †cuŠQ‡j Avj−vn Zv‡K ¶gv K‡i
†`bÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2901; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2775)|
G nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj †h, †Kvb e¨w³ FY cwi‡kv‡a A¶g n‡j Ges Zv‡K FY
n‡Z gyw³ w`‡j Avj−vn FY`vZv‡K Rvnvbœvg n‡Z gyw³ w`‡eb|
! G
"9 & -( > , 7, ! 7(; d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 2 O( c -( ;
@! "; T 8
9 -( s ; u
J "7& 5( q C & _ 9 j
B :
Avey K¡vZv`v (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h e¨w³ G
Kvgbv K‡i †h Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv Zv‡K wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b `ytL-Kó n‡Z gyw³ †`b, †m
†hb FY cwi‡kv‡a A¶g e¨w³i cÖwZ mnR cš’v Aej¤^b K‡i wKsev gvd K‡i
†`qÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2902; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2776)|
G nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj †h, wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b `ytL-Kó n‡Z gyw³ Ges fqven
cwiw¯’wZ n‡Z i¶v †c‡Z n‡j FY cwi‡kv‡a A¶g e¨w³‡K ¶gv K‡i w`‡Z n‡e|
K( -( Z C 9 7, ! 7(; d7e
Z( , . p $ , Z( O( ! "; : c b
. X( 2 O( c -( ;
@q C _ 9 j
B : G-( Q!( T b
-( =
170 †K eo jvfevb
Avey KvZv`v (ivt) e‡jb, Avwg ivm~j (Qvt)-†K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ, Ô†h e¨w³ FY
cwi‡kv‡a A¶g e¨w³‡K AeKvk w`‡e A_ev FY ¶gv K‡i w`‡e, Avj−vn Zv‡K
wK¡hvg‡Zi w`b `ytL-Kó n‡Z gyw³ w`‡ebÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2903; evsjv wgkKvZ
nv/2777)|
Z C 9 7, ! 7(; d7e

Z( , . p
$ , Z( (O ! "; : c b . & c-( ;
@! 7J c 5 : ! 7( -( s ; T b
-( Q= K( -(
Avey Bqvmvi (ivt) e‡jb, Avwg ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt)-†K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ, Ô†h e¨w³ FY
cwi‡kv‡a A¶g e¨w³‡K AeKvk w`‡e A_ev Zvi FY gvd K‡i w`‡e, Avj−vn
ZvÔAvjv Zv‡K wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b ing‡Zi GK we‡kl Qvqv `vb Ki‡ebÕ (gymwjg, evsjv
wgkKvZ nv/2278)| G nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj †h, Avj−vni mš‘wói Avkvq FY gy³
Ki‡j, Avj−vn Zv‡K ¶gv K‡i w`‡eb Ges wK¡qvg‡Zi gv‡V ing‡Zi we‡kl Qvqv
`vb Ki‡eb|
¡
( 7(& k(5( 7, ! 7(; d7e Z( , . db(CD 4 P H . -( ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 d -( ;
# G
( (O >9 U; k(5( = ! ( /P (C E* %
& f
S Z( (C5( ! %e -( > 0 5( ! (
@t 8O( A " -( B ` g5( >9 U ; k(5( Z( (O ! "*, 6( 8 5& -(
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z GK e¨w³ K‡VviZvi mv‡_ ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt)-Gi
wbKU cÖv‡cï ZvMv`v Kij| G‡Z QvnvexMY Zvi cÖwZ w¶ß n‡q DV‡jb|
ivm~jyj−vn QvnvexMY‡K ej‡jb, Zv‡K wKQz ej bv| KviY cvIbv`vi K‡Vvi Dw³
cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z cv‡i| Zvi cÖvc¨ cwi‡kv‡ai Rb¨ GKwU DU µq K‡i Zv‡K w`‡q
`vI| QvnvexMY ej‡jb, Zvi cÖvc¨ DU A‡c¶v eo DU wfbœ Ab¨ DU cvIqv hv‡”Q
bv| ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) ej‡jb, eowUB µq K‡i Zv‡K w`‡q `vI| †Zvgv‡ì g‡a¨
DËg H e¨w³, †h A‡bï cÖvc¨ cwi‡kv‡a DËgÕ (gyËvdvK¡ AvjvBn, evsjv wgkKvZ
nv/2780)|
Y 7& c* " & 6 U& Z( (O 7, ! 7(; : d7e

Z( , . -( ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
@T < 7& 5( ts c7 d(7; B # -( T <D- (
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ôm¶g e¨w³i Rb¨
(A‡bï cÖvc¨ cwi‡kv‡a) Uvj-evnvbv Kiv Ab¨vq| †Zvgv‡ì Kv‡iv cÖvc¨ cwi‡kv‡a
†K eo jvfevb 171
FYx e¨w³ Aci m¶g e¨w³i `vwqZ¡ w`‡j Zv Aby‡gv`b Kiv KZ©e¨Õ (gyËvdvK¡ AvjvBn,
v
>" Z( -( M( ` -( Z( (O 7, ! 7(; : d7e c* <"> ; ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
@: ! ( 7(D-( 05(4
( D # 9 9 M( ` -( ! "; : >2-( 3tF 2-( # 9 9
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z bex Kixg (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h e¨w³ Aci †jv‡Ki
gvj (&FYiƒ‡c) MÖnY K‡i Zv cwi‡kva Kivi wbq‡Zi mv‡_, Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv Zvi FY
cwi‡kva (Kivq mvnvh¨) Ki‡eb| c¶vš—‡i †h e¨w³ Zv MÖnY K‡i FY`vZvi gvj
webó Kivi wbq‡Z, Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv Zv‡K aŸsm Ki‡ebÕ (eyLvix, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2784)|
c 5 p
7& O & p 9-(. -( 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z( , . 9 6W H . Z( (O Z( (O X( 2 O( c -( ;
d7e Z , . Z( (O 1 9(U` c "*; : J A( 9 s # ( 4 P <C& =< % =e 6 <,
@6 9 <H Z( (O ? M( B( 9#> / Z( (C5( 2 Q2 -( >$7(5( Q 7, ! 7(; :
Avey KvZv`vn (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, GK e¨w³ wR‡Ám Kij, †n Avj−vni
ivm~j! ejyb †Zv hw` Avwg Avj−vni c‡_ knx` nB `„pc` †_‡K, QIqve jv‡fi
D‡Ï‡k¨ m¤§yL cv‡b AMÖMvgx †_‡K, cðv`c` bv n‡q, Z‡e Avj−vn Avgvi mg¯—
†Mvbvn gvd K‡i w`‡eb wK? ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) ej‡jb, nu¨v| AZtci H e¨w³ P‡j
†h‡Z jvMj wcQb n‡Z ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) Zv‡K †W‡K ej‡jb, wKš‘ FY gvd n‡e
bv| wReixj (Avt) G‡m G K_vB e‡j †M‡jbÕ (gymwjg, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2785)|
# 0 i
> 7 ( 9 Z( (O 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z( , . -(
& $ ; # <; ;
@ 9#> / f
s ( 6l B
Avãyj−vn Beby Avgi Bewbj AvQ (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z, ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb,
Ôknx‡ì mg¯— †MvbvnB gvd Kiv nq, FY e¨ZxZÕ (gymwjg, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2786)|
wRnv`Kvix
wRnv‡ì msÁv : wRnv‡ì AvwfavwbK A_© msMÖvg, hy×, cÖ‡Póv, mvabv, c~Y©kw³
cÖ‡qvM Kiv| cvwifvwlK A‡_© Øxb cÖwZôv I mgybœZ Kivi Rb¨ Avj−vni c‡_ kw³-
mvg_©¨ Øviv Kv‡di‡ì wei“‡× hy× Kiv Ges Øx‡bi mvwe©K mn‡hvwMZv Kiv| wRnv`
`yÕai‡bi n‡Z cv‡i| (1) Avj−vni c‡_ (wb‡Ri †Kvb nvjvj m¤ú` i¶v‡_©) Rvb-
172 †K eo jvfevb
gvj wb‡q kw³ mnKv‡i Suvwc‡q cov| (2) bdm‡K wVK ivLv ev kqZvb I
dv‡mK‡ì Kzgš¿Yv n‡Z Aš—i‡K b¨v‡qi cÖwZ AUj ivLv| wRnv‡ì e¨vcv‡i gnvb
Avj−vn KziAvb gvRx‡` wewfbœ Avqv‡Z Zuvi ivm~j (Qvt) Ges gywgb‡ì‡K j¶ K‡i
Kv‡di‡ì wei“‡× hy× Ki‡Z e‡j‡Qb| cwi‡ek-cwiw¯’wZ Abymv‡i Avj−vn I Zuvi
ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi wb‡`©k Abyhvqx wRnv` Kiv dih| wRnv‡ì ¸i“Z¡ I dhxjZ
A‡bK| Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv e‡jb,
( " ] D Qs -( js (M; A G "D Xs . GD d(7; A l2 -( 6& 3 " N 9M 09L-( 9
"B & A Y ` A ( A -( A k( 6 <, c 5 ( # 3 GD ! , .
qP <*y( B . 0k(& 0%
D 1
G
D 's >"H A 7& ` # 9 A A ( 9 Q( $ 7( D
@ K & V ( & ?
( s # ; ' >"H c 5
Ô†n Cgvbv`viMY! Avwg †Zvgv‡`‡K Ggb GK evwY‡Rï K_v e‡j wè bv, hv
†Zvgv‡ì‡K hš¿Yv`vqK kvw¯— †_‡K i¶v Ki‡e? Zv GB †h, †Zvgiv Cgvb Avb‡e
Avj−vni cÖwZ I Zuvi ivm~‡ji cÖwZ Ges †Zvgv‡ì ab-m¤ú` I †Zvgv‡ì Rxeb
w`‡q Avj−vni c‡_ wRnv` Ki‡e| Avi GUvB †Zvgv‡ì Rb¨ †kªq, hw` †Zvgiv
Rvb‡Z| Avj−vn †Zvgv‡ì ¸bvn mg~n ¶gv K‡i w`‡eb Ges Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek
Kiv‡eb| hvi wbgœ‡`k w`‡q bni mg~n cÖevwnZ Ges Zv Ggb g‡bvig hv Abš—Kvj
emev‡mi Rb¨, GUvB gnv mvdj¨Õ (Qd 10-12)|
Avj−vn Av‡iv e‡jb, 0 *. # "; t
-( 6& =D -( 6 <, c 5 7O 9M > < %
D (
@( OV 9 ÔAvi hviv Avj−vni iv¯—vq wbnZ nq, Zv‡ì‡K Zzwg KL‡bv g„Z g‡b
K‡iv bv| eis Zviv Zv‡ì cvjbKZ©vi wbKU RxweZ I RxweKvcÖvßÕ (Av‡j Bgivb
169)| Ab¨Î wZwb Av‡iv e‡jb,
6 <, c 5 ( 7D(C9 q( ">G & 0 ( k( 0 ( -( 0 -( " ] $ & F
# 0 d(5 -( NC & 6 G
g& X . > c5 ¹C ! 7(; =#; ( 7C& 9 ( 7C& 5(
@ K & V ( & 3 ? ( ! 9 1 M A < i
<, (5
ÔAvj−vn µq K‡i wb‡q‡Qb gymjgvb‡ì †_‡K Zv‡ì Rvb I gvj GB g~‡j¨ †h,
Zv‡ì Rb¨ i‡q‡Q RvbœvZ| Zviv hy× K‡i Avj−vni iv‡n; AZtci gv‡i I g‡i|
†K eo jvfevb 173
ZvIivZ, BÄxj I KziAv‡b wZwb G mZ¨ cÖwZkÖ“wZ‡Z AwePj| Avi Avj−vni †P‡q
cÖwZkÖ“wZ i¶vq †K AwaK? myZivs †Zvgiv Avbw›`Z nI †m †jb-†`‡bi Dci, hv
†Zvgiv KiQ Zuvi mv‡_| Avi G nj gnvb mvdj¨Õ (ZIev 111)|
wRnv‡ì ¸i“Z¡ I dhxjZ Ges gyRvwn` I knx‡ì gh©v`v m¤ú‡K© ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt)
†_‡K A‡bK nv`xQ ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| Zb¥‡a¨ KwZcq nv`xQ GLv‡b D‡j−L Kiv nj|-
N 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
c 5 # 3 H q( ">G & ! 7(` # 9 & -( d(7; ¹C ( (B ( 8 . _ e X( (7S > _ (O-( ! ,
Z( (O v >" i* < (75(-( Z( , . 9 (C5( 05 # c ! b . -( c 5 u 7(H -( 6 <,
$B( H . #> 6 <, c 5 9# 3 G$ 7& : 3#> ; -( qs H . 2 q( ^( q ">G & c5
.- q ">G
& d(7; -( q ">G
& , -( ! >g5( v
2 & k(, (5 F &k(, ( g5( } . k(& t $>
@q ">G & . 0-( G
> ( D ! " $ > ¨ ; ! O( 5(
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvj−vn I Zuvi
ivm~‡ji cÖwZ †h Cgvb Avbj, QvjvZ Av`vq Kij I ivgvhvb gv‡mi wQqvg cvjb
Kij, †m Avj−vni c‡_ wRnv` Ki“K wKsev ¯^xq Rb¥f‚wg‡Z e‡m _vKzK Zv‡K
Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek Kiv‡bv Avj−vni `vwqZ¡ n‡q hvq| QvnvexMY ej‡jb, †n Avj−vni
ivm~j (Qvt)! Avgiv wK †jvK‡ì G mymsev` †cuŠ‡Q wè bv? wZwb ej‡jb, Avj−vni
c‡_ wRnv`Kvix‡ì Rb¨ Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv Rvbœv‡Z 100wU gh©v`vi ¯—i cÖ¯‘Z
†i‡L‡Qb| `yÕwU ¯—‡ii eëavb Avmgvb I hgx‡bi `~i‡Z¡i mgvb| †Zvgiv Avj−vni
wbKU PvB‡j RvbœvZzj wdi`vDm PvB‡e| †Kbbv GUvB nj me‡P‡q DËg I m‡e©v”P
RvbœvZ| Gi Dcwifv‡M Ki“Yvgq Avj−vni Avik| †m ¯’vb n‡Z Rvbœv‡Zi b`x mg~n
cÖevwnZ n‡”QÕ (eyLvix, wgkKvZ nv/3787, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/3613)| G nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj
†h, Avj−vni c‡_ wRnv`Kvix‡ì Rb¨ Ggb RvbœvZ i‡q‡Q hv gh©v`vq †kªô‡Z¡i
AwaKvix| hvi D”PZv Avmgvb-hgx‡bi eëavb mgvb| hvi Dci Avj−vni Avik|
†hLvb n‡Z Rvbœv‡Zi SY©v cÖevwnZ|
c5 # 3 G$ & 6 m( 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
T H 9 d> Xs 4
(e /( _s e & 9 ( '
9a p (C& ^(C& ^>S 6 m($ B( 6 <,
@ 6 <, c 5 # 3 G$ &
174 †K eo jvfevb
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvj−vni c‡_
mwZ¨Kvi wRnv`vKvix wRnv` n‡Z wd‡i bv Avmv ch©š— Ggb wQqvg cvjbKvix I
QvjvZ Av`vqKvixi gZ †h me©`v Avj−vni AvqvZ †ZjvIqv‡Z iZ _v‡K Ges
AweiZ AK¬vš— Ae¯’vq wQqvg I Qvjv‡Z gkM~j _v‡KÕ (A_©vr wRnv‡` Mgb Kivi
ci gyRvwn‡ì Rb¨ me©`v Bev`‡Zi QIqve cÖ`vb Kiv nq) ( gyËvdvK¡ AvjvBn, evsjv
wgkKvZ nv/3614)|
Ab¨ eY©bvq Av‡Q, Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ôhvi nv‡Z
Avgvi cÖvY †mB mËvi kc_! Avgvi wbKU AZ¨š— wcÖq n‡”Q Avwg Avj−vni c‡_
wbnZ nB, AZtci Rxeb jvf Kwi| Avevi wbnZ nB, Avevi Rxeb jvf Kwi Ges
Avevi wbnZ nB| Zvici cybivq Rxeb jvf Kwi, Avevi wbnZ nBÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg,
c 5 _s 9
. 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b
. #s , 6 0 , ;
@07(; #L Y ` 6 <,
mvnj Beby mvÔ` (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvj−vni
iv¯—vq GKw`b cvnviv †Ìqv mg¯— `ywbqv I Zvi Dc‡ii mg¯— m¤ú` n‡Z DËgÕ
(eyLvix, gymwjg, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/3617)|
-( 6 <, c 5 XW # ( 7, ! 7(; : d7e

Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . u s ( ;
@05 #L Y ` qW .
Avbvm (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvj−vni c‡_ GKUv
mKvj wKsev GKUv mÜ¨v e¨q Kiv `ywbqv I Zvi ga¨Kvi mg¯— wKQy n‡Z DËgÕ
(eyLvix, gymwjg, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/3618)|
# O( '
> <& 7, ! 7(; : d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . u
s <; c -( ;
@. >" ! > $ 5( 6 <, c 5 #s <;
Avey Ave&m (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h e¨w³i c`Øq
Avj−vni c‡_ a~wjgwjb nq, Zv‡K Rvnvbœv‡gi Av¸b ¯úk© Ki‡e bvÕ (eyLvix, evsjv
wgkKvZ nv/3620)|
†K eo jvfevb 175
6 ` # 9 #s -( 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . u s ( ;
d>"$ 9 ! >g5( # 0 i
> / ts c } . k(& d(7; ! ( #L d( T H 9 & -( f
L % 9 q( ">G &
@q A( & 9 $ 's > i ; 6( C& 9 #L d( T H 9 & -(
Avbvm (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†Kvb e¨w³ Rvbœv‡Z
cÖ‡ek Kivi ci cybivq `ywbqv‡Z wd‡i Avm‡Z PvB‡e bv, hwÌ c„w_exi hveZxq
m¤ú` Zv‡K cÖ`vb Kiv nq, GKgvÎ knx` e¨ZxZ| knx`MY kvnv`Z ei‡Yi
gh©v`v †`‡L Avevi `ywbqv‡Z wd‡i Avmvi AvKvsLv Ki‡e, hv‡Z †m Av‡iv `k evi
knx` n‡Z cv‡iÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/3629)|
6 C( & Z( O( 7, ! 7(; : d7e
c> <"> ( ! "; : c b
. & $ ; # <; ;
@ 9#> / ts c 6 B J A( 9 6 <, c 5
Ave`yj−vn Beby Avgi Beybj AvQ (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvj−vni
iv¯—vq wRnv` mg¯— ¸bvn‡K gy‡Q †`q, FY e¨ZxZÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/806, evsjv
wgkKvZ nv/3632)|
: d7e c> <"> p D-( q( O(, q( r(. _L - c 3 t <& p

" T *L -( ?
s u -( ;
Y 0 , ! e-( .s # _ 9 6( O ( (B q( r(. ; c "r#* % D /( -( c> < 9 p ((C5( 7, ! 7(;
_> - 9 Z( (O t (A<& c5 ! 7(; ' # 0 H ? ( ( ( (B & ' <e q ">G & c5 ( (B & g5( j Y (
@d(7; k(& v 2 & j
e-( ? " q ">G & c5 W "H 0> q( r(.
Avbvm (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z, evivi Kb¨v i“evBq¨v whwb nv‡iQv Beby myivKvi gvZv
wnmv‡e cwiwPZ (Avbvm Beby gvwjK (ivt)-Gi dzdz) wZwb ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi wL`g‡Z
G‡m ej‡jb, †n Avj−vni bex! Avcwb nv‡iQv m¤ú‡K© wKQy ejyb| nv‡iQv eì hy‡×
knx` n‡q‡Q| GK A`„k¨ Zxi G‡m Zvi kix‡i weu‡awQj| myZivs †m hw`
RvbœvZevmx n‡q _v‡K Zvn‡j Avwg âh© aviY Kie| Ab¨_v Zvi Rb¨ A‡Sv‡i
Kuv`‡Z _vKe| DË‡i bex Kixg (Qvt) ej‡jb, †n nv‡iQvi gv! Rvbœv‡Z AmsL¨
evMvb Av‡Q| †Zvgvi cyÎ †mLv‡b m‡e©v”P RvbœvZzj wdi`vDm jvf K‡i‡QÕ (eyLvix,
gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/3806, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/3635)|
176 †K eo jvfevb
( #L D 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
: Z( (O Q#Y 0 0 5( 6 <, c 5 6( O Q Z( , . 9 : O A 5 tF #0 i L
0 5( 6 <, c 5 ' QY#0 0 5( 6 <, c 5 6( O !6W 7(C( P c > - tF #0
@#Y 0 0 5( U& < c5 '
QY#0 0 5( ; U c5 ' QY#0
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, GK`v ivm~j (Qvt) QvnvevMY‡K j¶¨
K‡i ej‡jb, Ô†Zvgiv †Zvgv‡ì ga¨ Kv‡K knx` e‡j g‡b Ki? QvnvexMY ej‡jb,
†n Avj−vni ivm~j! Avgiv Zv‡KB knx` e‡j g‡b Kwi, †h Avj−vni iv¯—vq cÖvY
w`‡q‡Q| ZLb ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb, Zvn‡j †Zv Avgvi D¤§‡Zi g‡a¨ knx‡ì
msL¨v A‡bK Kg n‡e| myZivs †Zvgiv †R‡b ivL, †h e¨w³ Avj−vni iv¯—vq wbnZ
nq †m knx`| †h e¨w³ Avj−vni iv¯—vq wb‡qvwRZ †_‡K ¯^vfvweK g„ZzëiY K‡i
†mI knx`| †h e¨w³ †c−M †iv‡M gviv hvq †mI knx`| Avi †h e¨w³ K‡jiv †iv‡M
gviv hvq †mI knx`| Avei †KD †c‡Ui e¨_vq gviv hvq †mI kxn`Õ (gymwjg, evsjv
wgkKvZ nv/3637)|
ps * 6l B Z( (O ! >-( 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . ; ! "; : c b

. #s <; q( (85( ;
q C & _ 9 d( ! 7$ ; ! ( d$"9 ! >g5( 6 <, c 5 PU '
1
M / ! 7$ ; d(7; I 9
@ <C( & q "5 k& 9
dzhvjv Beby Ievq` (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ôg„Zzï m‡½ m‡½B
cÖ‡Z¨K e¨w³i Avg‡ji mgvwß N‡U| wKš‘ †h e¨w³ Avj−vni iv¯—vq cvnviviZ A_©vr
Øxb wndvh‡Zi `vwq‡Z¡ wb‡qvwRZ Ae¯’vq g„ZzëiY K‡i wK¡qvgZ msNwUZ nIqv
ch©š— Zvi Avgj e„w× †c‡Z _vK‡e Ges Ke‡ii wdrbv n‡ZI †m wbivc‡` _vK‡eÕ
(wZiwghx I Avey`vE`, `v‡igx G nv`xQwU IK¡ev Beby Avwgi (ivt) n‡Z eY©bv K‡i‡Qb| wgkKvZ
nv/3823, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/3648)|
. >" « 79 /( 7, ! 7(; : d7e

Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
`2 6 <, c 5 .Y < T $ G 9 / Q 8
> c5 <7 2 9 d> q i ` d(A
T $ G
9 ( =#-( #s <; x H c 5 ` - c5 =#-( s 7 1 I " c5 ` Q ">0 H
@=#-( #s <; f 7& O( c 5 $9g& RL i
L
†K eo jvfevb 177
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvj−vni
Avhv‡ei f‡q µ›`bKvix Rvnvbœv‡gi Av¸‡b cÖ‡ek Ki‡e bv, hZ¶Y †`vnbK…Z
`y» cybivq cvjv‡b Xz‡K bv hvq| A_©vr †`vnbK…Z `y» †hgb Zvi cvjv‡b XzKv‡bv
Am¤¢e †Zgwb Avj−vni Avhv‡ei f‡q µ›`bKvixi Rvnvbœv‡g hvIqv Am¤¢e|
Avj−vni iv¯—vq a~jvevwj Ges Rvnvbœv‡gi †avqv GK ev›`vi g‡a¨ GKÎ n‡Z cv‡i
bv| A_©vr gyRvwn` Rvnvbœv‡g cÖ‡ek Ki‡e bvÕ (wZiwghx)|
bvmvCi Ab¨ GK eY©bvq AwZwi³ Av‡Q †h, Avj−vni iv¯—vq a~jvevwj I Rvnvbœv‡gi
†auvqv †Kvb gymjgv‡bi bv‡Ki wQ‡`ªi g‡a¨ KL‡bv GKÎ n‡e bv| bvmvCi Ab¨ GK
eY©bvq Av‡Q, H `yÕwU wRwbm †Kvb ev›`vi g‡a¨ GKÎ n‡Z cv‡i bv| Abyiƒcfv‡e
K…cYZv I Cgvb KL‡bv †Kvb ev›`vi Aš—‡i g‡a¨ KL‡bv GKÎ n‡Z cv‡i bvÕ
(wgkKvZ nv/3828, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/3653)|
7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . j B( 1 # _ #C& $ & ;

. G9 q ">G & # C& 9 qs 5& 2 Z > -( c 5 ! ( ( 9 Zs S` p L , # "; # 0 i > 7
Y ` 0" q DO& . (O & D ! , -&. d(7; T b 9 <B& k(& [ ( & k& 9 <C( & j
(M;
@! . (O-( <, c 5 T i
9 & . %
& qP H V <, "r& * [ 9 05 #L
wgK`v` Beby gvÔAv`x Kvive (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb,
ÔAvj−vni wbKU knx‡ì Rb¨ QqwU we‡kl cyi¯‹vi i‡q‡Q| (1) kix‡ii i‡³i cÖ_g
†duvUv Si‡ZB Zv‡K gvd K‡i †Ìqv nq Ges cÖvY †ei nIqvi cÖv°v‡j Rvbœv‡Zi
g‡a¨ Zvi Ae¯’v‡bi RvqMvwU Pv¶zl †`Lv‡bv nq| (2) Ke‡ii Avhve n‡Z Zv‡K
wbivc‡` ivLv nq| (3) wK¡qvg‡Zi w`‡bi fqvenZv n‡Z Zv‡K wbivc‡` ivLv nq|
(4) Zvi gv_vq m¤§vb I gh©v`vi gyKzU civ‡bv n‡e| Zvi GKwU BqvKzZ `ywbqv I
`ywbqvi g‡a¨ hv wKQz Av‡Q mg¯— wKQy n‡Z DËg| (5) Zvi ¯¿x wnmv‡e eo eo P¶z
wewkó evnvËi Rb n~i †Ìqv n‡e| (6) Zvi wbKU AvÍxq‡ì ga¨ n‡Z 70 R‡bi
Rb¨ mycvwik Keyj Kiv n‡eÕ (wZiwghx, Beby gvRvn, wgkKvZ nv/3834, evsjv wgkKvZ
nv/3659)|
t c u ( Z( O( 7, ! 7(; : d7e c* <"> ; ! "; : c b . c* 73 <& q( - c -( ;
c 5 h 0 D _s 2 X U& O( Q q i
` s 2 X U& O( 9 r(- D U& O( d(D f > -
@d(D | ^ 5( qs 8
9(5 c 5 Y r(-( Qd(D 6 <, c 5 Y r(k(5( r(F >-( . 6 <,
178 †K eo jvfevb
Avey Dgvgv (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvj−vni wbKU `yÕwU †duvUv I
`yÕwU wP‡ýi PvB‡Z †Kvb wRwbm GZ wcÖqZg †bB| `yÕwU †duvUvi GKwU nj Avj−vni
Avhv‡ei f‡q P¶z n‡Z wbM©Z Akª“i †duvUv| Avi wØZxqwU nj Avj−vni c‡_
cÖevwnZ i‡³i †duvUv| Avi wPý `yÕwUi GKwU nj Avj−vni iv¯—vq kix‡i AvNvZ ev
¶‡Zi wPý Ges wØZxqwU nj Avj−vni dih mg~‡ni †Kvb GKwU dih Av`vq Kivi
wPýÕ (wZiwghx, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/3661)|
7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . 1 * k(& d, c -( ;
p
-- d, -( 9 Z( (C5( Qq)(0 & { l . 6W H . _ (C5( x L Z (7 p % D q ">G
& j
-(
Q_4
( > A 7(; - O& - Z( (C5( Q!%e
- d( T H 5( Q Z( (O (M3 Z C 9 Z( , . p $ ,
@6( O d> ! j 85( * # d( ! di > r Q(C&k(5 ! , & H B( > r
Avey g~mv (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔRvbœv‡Zi ìRv mg~n
gyRvwn‡ì Z‡jvqv‡ii QvqvZ‡j i‡q‡Q| G K_v ï‡b GK †kªYxi RxY©kxY© cÖK…wZi
†jvK ùvwo‡q ejj, †n Avey g~mv! Avcwb wK ivm~j (Qvt)-†K G K_v ej‡Z
ï‡b‡Qb? Avey g~mv DË‡i ej‡jb, nu¨v| AZtci †jvKwU Zvi mv_x‡ì wbKU G‡m
ejj, Avwg †Zvgv‡ì‡K †kl mvjvg Rvbvw”Q| G K_v e‡j †m Z‡jvqv‡ii Lvc
†f‡½ †djj Ges Z‡jvqvi wb‡q kÎ“‡ì w`‡K AMÖmi nj| Zv Øviv A‡bK kÎ“‡K
nZ¨v Kij Ges †k‡l wb‡RI kÎ“‡ì AvNv‡Z knx` njÕ (gymwjg, evsjv wgkKvZ
nv/3676)|
IZev Beby Ave` Avm-myjvgx (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔwRnv‡` †h mg¯—
†jvK g„ZzëiY K‡i Zviv wZb cÖKvi| (1) LuvwU gywgb †h ¯^xq Rvb-gvj Øviv
Avj−vni iv¯—vq wRnv` K‡i| kÎ“i mv‡_ hLb hy‡× wjß nq ZLb cÖvYc‡Y jovB
K‡i| Ae‡k‡l knx` nq| G RvZxq knx‡ì e¨vcv‡i ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, GB
knx` Avj−vni cix¶vq cy‡ivcywi DËxY© n‡q‡Q| myZivs Ggb knx` Avi‡ki wb‡P
Avj−vni Zvey‡Z Ae¯’vb Ki‡e| H mg¯— knx`‡ì †P‡q bex-ivm~jM‡Yi gh©v`v
†Kej beyI‡Zi gh©v`v e¨ZxZ †Kvb w`K w`‡q †ekx n‡e bv| (2) †h gywgb Zvi
Avgj‡K fvj I g‡›ì mv‡_ wgwkªZ K‡i| AZtci wb‡Ri Rvb-gvj Øviv Avj−vni
iv¯—vq wRnv‡` AskMÖnY K‡i Ges hLb kÎ“i m¤§yLxb nq, ZLb cÖvYcY jovB
K‡i| Ae‡k‡l knx` nq| G RvZxq knx` m¤ú‡K© ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, G ai‡bi
kvnv`Z nj cweÎKvix, hv ¸bvn-LvZv‡K gy‡Q †`q| e¯‘Zt Z‡jvqvi nj ¸bvn-
†K eo jvfevb 179
LvZv †gvPbKvix| d‡j G ai‡bi knx` Rvbœv‡Zi †h †Kvb ìRv w`‡q B”Qv
Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z cvi‡e| (3) Avi Z…Zxq cÖKvi knx` nj gybv‡dK, †h wb‡Ri
Rvb-gvj wb‡q wRnv‡` AskMÖnY K‡i| AZtci hLb kÎ“i m¤§yLxb nq, ZLb
jovB K‡i wb‡RB wbnZ nq| A_©vr kÎ“i gyKvwejv bv K‡i wb‡RB wbZn nq|
g„Zzï ci Giƒc e¨w³i wVKvbv nj Rvnvbœvg| †Kbbv Z‡jvqvi †bdvK‡K wgUvq bvÕ
(`v‡igx, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/3683, mb` Qnxn)|
D‡j−wLZ AvqvZ I nv`xQ Øviv cÖZxqgvb nq †h, gyRvwn` c~Y© Cgv‡bi mv‡_
Avj−vn‡`ªvnx‡ì wei“‡× cÖvYcY jovB K‡i knx` n‡j Zvi Avkªq¯’j RvbœvZ| Z‡e
†h e¨w³ jovB bv K‡i ïay knx` nIqvi Avkvq wbnZ nq wKsev wb‡Ri exiZ¡
hvwni Kivi Avkvq hy× Ki‡Z wM‡q wbnZ nq, Zvi Avkªq¯’j nj Rvnvbœvg|
wRnv` Kvi mv‡_ Ges KLb Ki‡Z n‡e
gymjgv‡bi mv‡_ KL‡bv wRnv` Kiv Rv‡qh bq| KviY gymjgvb †Kvb eo ai‡bi
Aciva Ki‡j Zvi Rb¨ Bmjv‡g ZIevi eë¯’v i‡q‡Q| Z‡e †Kvb gymwjg e¨w³
nZ¨v‡hvM¨ Acivax n‡j cÖgvY I mgq mv‡c‡¶ gymwjg kvmK Zv‡K nZ¨v Ki‡Z
cv‡i| nZ¨v‡hvM¨ Aciva †hgb (1) †Kvb gymjgvb‡K Ab¨vqfv‡e nZ¨v Ki‡j|
(2) weevwnZ e¨w³ †hbv Ki‡j| (3) Bmjvg Z¨vM Ki‡j (eyLvix, wgkKvZ nv/3446)|
(4) GK †kªYxi gvbyl hviv ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi mybœvZ e¨ZxZ gvbyl iwPZ c×wZ‡Z
Bev`Z K‡i (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/3535)| (5) †Kvb e¨w³ ivm~j (Qvt)-†K Mvwj
w`‡j A_ev ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi cÖwZ Acev` Av‡ivc Ki‡j (Avey`vD`, wgkKvZ nv/3549)|
(6) hv`y wkL‡j ev hv`y PP©v Ki‡j (wZiwghx, wgkKvZ nv/3551)| Aek¨ ZIev Ki‡j
i¶v cv‡e| Agymwjg‡ì‡K KL‡bv nZ¨v Kiv Rv‡qh bq; eis Zv‡ì mv‡_
m`vPiY Kivi Rb¨ Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv Av‡`k K‡i‡Q| Avj−vn e‡jb,
3 L <D & -( B . 92 B H I
9 ( 9#* c5 B 7D(C9 ( 9M ; : B 0"9 (
@ U C& $ & f
L % 9 F 0 ( U C& D
Ôhviv Øx‡bi e¨vcv‡i †Zvgv‡ì mv‡_ hy× K‡i bv Ges †Zvgv‡ì‡K †Zvgv‡ì Ni-
evox n‡Z †ei K‡i †`q bv| Ggb Agymwjg †jvK‡ì mv‡_ Kj¨vYKi I
mywePvic~Y© eënvi Ki‡Z Avj−vn †Zvgv‡ì‡K wb‡la K‡ib bv| mywePviKvix‡ì‡K
Avj−vn cm›` K‡ibÕ (gygZvnvbv 8)|
180 †K eo jvfevb
Z‡e hw` Zviv AZ¨vPvi K‡i Ab¨vqfv‡e Ni †_‡K †ei K‡i †`q, Zvn‡j Zv‡ì
mv‡_ hy× Kiv ev hy‡×i cÖ¯‘wZ MÖnY Kiv Rv‡qh (n¾ 39, gygZvnvbv 8)| cÖKvk _v‡K
wZbwU k‡Z©i wfwË‡Z Zv‡ì mv‡_ hy× Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| (1) cÖ_‡g Zv‡ì‡K
Bmjv‡gi `vIqvZ w`‡Z n‡e| (2) Bmjvg MÖnY bv Ki‡j Ki †`qvi Rb¨ ej‡Z
n‡e| Ki w`‡Z ivhx n‡j Zv‡ì mv‡_ hy× Kiv Rv‡qh n‡e bv| (3) Ki w`‡Z
A¯^xKvi Ki‡j Zv‡ì mv‡_ hy× †NvlYv Kiv n‡e (eyLvix, wgkKvZ nv/3929)| GB
hy‡×i †NvlYv w`‡e †`‡ki miKvi| †Kvb e¨w³ ev `j Zv‡ì B”QvgZ G hy‡×i
†NvlYv w`‡Z cv‡i bv|
R½xev`x Kg©KvÊ Bmjvg mg_©b K‡i bv
R½xev`xiv a‡g©i bv‡g †h ee©‡ivwPZ fqven Kg©KvÊ K‡i _v‡K Zv Bmjvg KL‡bv
mg_©b K‡i bv| Bmjvg we‡ivax Gme bvkKZvg~jK Kg©KvÊ‡K i“‡L ùvov‡bvi
me©vÍK cÖ‡Póv Pvjv‡Z n‡e| KviY Zviv Bmjv‡gi bvg fvw½‡q A‰bmjvwgK KvR
K‡i Bmjv‡gi wb®‹jyl Av`k©‡K we‡k¦i ìev‡i cÖkœwe× K‡i‡Q| Zviv KziAv‡bi
Ace¨vL¨v K‡i wbiciva gvbyl‡K nZ¨v Ki‡Q| A_P Ab¨vqfv‡e GKRb gvbyl‡K
nZ¨v Kiv mKj gvbyl‡K nZ¨v Kivi kvwgj| nZ¨vKvix Avj−vni wbKU Awfkß,
†µvafvRb I Rvnvbœvgx| GKRb gymjgvb‡K nZ¨v Kiv mKj gvbyl‡K nZ¨v Kivi
kvwgj| AvÍNvwZ nvgjv KivI nvivg| G‡nb b¨°viRbK KvR Bmjvg mg_©b K‡i
bv| ïay ZvB bq, †Kvb gvbyl‡K fxwZ cÖ`k©b KivI nvivg| Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv e‡jb,
3 -( =$ H v
>" 6( O( $>k(A( 5( }
. k(& c5 2s 5( -( u
s & = & 6( O(
@=$ H v
>" -( $>k(A( 5(
Ô†h e¨w³ KvD‡K †Kvb nZ¨vi cwie‡Z© wKsev c„w_ex‡Z wech©q m„wó Qvov Ab¨ †Kvb
Kvi‡Y nZ¨v K‡i, †m †hb mg¯— gvbyl‡K nZ¨v Kij| Avi †h Kv‡iv Rxeb i¶v
Kij, †m †hb me gvby‡li Rxeb i¶v KijÕ (gv‡q`v 32)|
AÎ AvqvZ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, `ywbqvq gvbe RvwZi msi¶Y I ¯’vwqZ¡ wbf©i K‡i
gvby‡li g‡b cvi¯úwiK gh©v`v‡eva cy‡ivcywi we`¨gvb _vKvi Dci| mv‡_ mv‡_
G‡K Ac‡ii Rxeb i¶v I w¯’wZi e¨vcv‡i ci¯úi mvnvh¨Kvix nIqvi gvbwmKZv
c~Y© gvÎvq eRvq _vKv Avek¨K| †h e¨w³ Ab¨vqfv‡e Kv‡iv cÖvY msnvi K‡i, †m
mgMÖ gvbeZvi `ykgb| †Kbbv Zvi g‡a¨ †h †`vl cvIqv hvq, Zv hw` mKj
gvby‡li g‡a¨ Qwo‡q c‡o Zvn‡j †MvUv gvbe RvwZi aŸsm Awbevh©| c¶vš—‡i †h
†K eo jvfevb 181
e¨w³ gvby‡li Rxeb hvc‡bi e¨vcv‡i mvnvh¨ K‡i †m cÖKZ
… c‡¶ gvbeZviB eÜz I
mvnvh¨Kvix| †Kbbv †h ¸‡Yi d‡j gvbeZvi w¯’wZ I myi¶v wbf©ikxj Zvi g‡a¨
Zv cy‡ivcywi we`¨gvb|
Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv e‡jb,
! ( #> ; -( ! " ( ! 7(; : f
8
( 05 =#` ">0 H [G
5( =#$* =" ] 6& C& 9
@=$K ; =(M;
Ô†h e¨w³ †¯^”Qvq †Kvb gywgb‡K nZ¨v Ki‡e Zvi kvw¯— Rvnvbœvg| †m Zv‡Z wPiKvj
_vK‡e| Avj−vn Zvi Dci µz× nb, Zvi Dci Awfkvc K‡ib Ges Zvi Rb¨
fqven kvw¯— cÖ¯‘Z †i‡L‡QbÕ (wbmv 93)|
AÎ AvqvZ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, †Kvb e¨w³ KvD‡K Ab¨vqfv‡e nZ¨v Ki‡j
Avj−vn Zvi Rb¨ PviwU KwVb welq wba©viY K‡i †i‡L‡Qb| (1) Giƒc e¨w³
Rvnvbœv‡g wPiKvj _vK‡e| (2) Ggb e¨w³i cÖwZ Avj−vn AZ¨š— µz× nb| Avi hvi
cÖwZ Avj−vn µz× nb †m Avj−vni ingZ I `qvi Avkv Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| (3) Giƒc
e¨w³i cÖwZ Avj−vn Awfkvc K‡ib| Avi hvi cÖwZ Avj−vn Awfkvc K‡ib †m
Avj−vni ing‡Zi Avkv Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| (4) Ggb e¨w³i Rb¨ Avj−vn ciKv‡j
fqven kvw¯—i eë¯’v K‡i †i‡L‡Qb|
6( O( 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . s$ ; # <; ;
@P 9 ` . -( X # H ( 0%
9. q ">G
& q( %
^.
9 ( =#3
Ave`yj−vn Beby Avgi (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h e¨w³ gymjgvb KZ…©K
wbivcËvi cÖwZkª“wZ cÖvß †Kvb Agymwjg‡K nZ¨v Ki‡e †m Rvbœv‡Zi NªvY ch©š—
cv‡e bv| hwÌ Rvbœv‡Zi NªvY Pwj−k eQ‡ii `~iZ¡ n‡Z cvIqv hvqÕ (eyLvix, wgkKvZ
nv/3452; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/3304)| G nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj †h, wbivcËvi cÖwZkª“wZ
†`qv n‡q‡Q Ggb GKRb Agymwjg‡K nZ¨v Ki‡jI RvbœvZ nvivg n‡q hvq Ges
Rvnvbœvg AeavwiZ n‡q hvq| Zvn‡j gymjgvb‡K Ab¨vqfv‡e nZ¨v Ki‡j Zvi ¯’vb
†Kv_vq n‡Z cv‡i Zv mn‡RB Aby‡gq|
#L Z [ ( Z( (O 7, ! 7(; : d7e
c> <"> -( ! "; : c b . s$ ; # <; ;
@s 7 6s H . 6 O( d(7; 3 -(
182 †K eo jvfevb
Ave`yj−vn Beby Avgi (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†Kvb gymjgvb‡K nZ¨v
Kivi †P‡q G c„w_ex aŸsm n‡q hvIqv Avj−vni wbKU AZxe bMY¨Õ (bvmvC, wgkKvZ
AÎ nv`xQ Øviv cÖZxqgvb nq †h, GKRb gymjgv‡bi i³ mgMÖ c„w_exi †P‡q

AwaK g~jëvb| GKRb gymjgvb‡K nZ¨v Kiv c„w_ex aŸsm Kivi kvwgj| Kv‡RB
R½xev`x‡ì Kg©KvÊ Bmjv‡g êa nIqvi we›`ygvÎ AeKvk †bB|
AvÍNvwZ nvgjv Bmjv‡g êa bq
†h †Kvb Ae¯’vq †Kvb gvbyl AvÍnZ¨v Ki‡j Zvi cwiYvg n‡e Rvnvbœvg| a‡g©i
bv‡g AvÍnZ¨vKvixI Rvnvbœvgx| ivm~j (Qvt) Zuvi mv‡_ wRnv‡` AskMÖnYKvix
AvZ¥NvwZ Qvnvex‡KI Rvnvbœvgx e‡j †NvlYv K‡i‡Qb| Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv e‡jb,
@ " %
$ & f
L %
9 F " -( q A( 70 > d( A 9# 9k( C 7& D (
ÔAvi †Zvgiv wb‡R‡ì Rxeb‡K aŸs‡mi gy‡L †V‡j wÌ bv| gvby‡li mv‡_ m`vPiY
Ki| wbðqB Avj−vn m`vPiYKvix‡ì fvjev‡mbÕ (evK¡vivn 195)| AÎ Avqv‡Z
Avj−vn AvÍnZ¨v‡K wPiZ‡i wbwl× †NvlYv K‡i‡Qb|
6s H ( (B Z( (O 7, ! 7(; : d7e c* <"> ; ! "; : c b . # <; j # "H ;
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Avgvi ev›`v Avgvi wba©vwiZ mg‡qi c~‡e©B wb‡Ri Rxe‡bi e¨vcv‡i `ª“Z eë¯’v
MÖnY K‡i‡Q| Avwg Zvi Rb¨ RvbœvZ nvivg KijvgÕ (eyLvix 1/182 c„t)| AÎ nv`xQ
Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, AvÍnZ¨vKvixi cwiYvg Rvnvbœvg|
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QvweZ Beby hvnnvK (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h e¨w³ †jŠnv¯¿ Øviv
AvÍnZ¨v K‡i Rvnvbœv‡g Zv‡K †jŠnv¯¿ Øviv me©¶Y kvw¯— †`qv n‡eÕ (eyLvix 1/182)|
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Avey ûivqivn (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h e¨w³
k¦vmi“× K‡i AvZ¥nZ¨v Ki‡e †m Rvnvbœv‡g me©¶Y k¦vmi“× K‡i AvZ¥nZ¨v Ki‡Z
_vK‡e| Avi †h e¨w³ A‡¯¿i AvNv‡Z AvÍnZ¨v Ki‡e †m Rvnvbœv‡g me©¶Y A‡¯¿i
AvNv‡Z AvZ¥nZ¨v Ki‡Z _vK‡eÕ (eyLvix 1/182)|
>2 D 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
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Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h e¨w³ cvnvo n‡Z jvwd‡q
c‡o AvÍnZ¨v Ki‡e, †m Rvnvbœv‡gi Av¸‡b jvwd‡q c‡o me©¶Y AvÍnZ¨v Ki‡Z
_vK‡e Ges †mUvB n‡e Zvi wPiš—b evm¯’vb| †h e¨w³ welcvb K‡i AvÍnZ¨v
Ki‡e, Zvi wel Zvi nv‡Z _vK‡e| Rvnvbœv‡g †m me©¶Y wel cvb K‡i AvÍnZ¨v
Ki‡Z _vK‡e Ges Rvnvbœvg n‡e Zvi wPi¯’vqx evm¯’vb| †h e¨w³ †jŠnv¯¿ Øviv
AvÍnZ¨v Ki‡e, Zvi nv‡Z †mB †jŠnv¯¿ _vK‡e Ges Rvnvbœv‡g me©¶Y wb‡Ri
†c‡U †mwU XzKv‡Z _vK‡eÕ (eyLvix 2/860 c„t)|
AÎ nv`xQØq Øviv ¯úóiƒ‡c cÖgvwYZ nq, †h e¨w³ hv Øviv AvÍnZ¨v Ki‡e
Rvnvbœv‡g †m e¯‘ Zvi nv‡Z _vK‡e Ges †m Z_vq me©¶Y Zv Øviv AvÍnZ¨v Ki‡Z
_vK‡e| Ggb e¨w³i Rb¨ Rvnvbœvg n‡e wPi¯’vqx evm¯’vb| a‡g©i bv‡gI †KD
AvÍnZ¨v Ki‡j Zvi cwiYwZI n‡e Abyiƒc| myZivs a‡g©i bv‡g AvÍNvwZ †evgv
nvgjvKvixivI Rvnvbœv‡g GKBfv‡e †evgvi gva¨‡g AvÍnZ¨v Ki‡Z _vK‡e Ges
Zviv †mLv‡b wPiw`b Ae¯’vb Ki‡e|
Rvwei (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z, hLb bex Kixg (Qvt) g`xbvq wnRiZ Ki‡jb, ZLb
†ZvdvBj Beby Avgi `vImxI ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi wbKU wnRiZ K‡i Avm‡jb| Zvi
mv‡_ Zvi ¯^‡MvÎxq Av‡iK e¨w³ wnRiZ K‡i G‡mwQj| †m GK ch©v‡q Amy¯’ n‡q
c‡o| Amy¯’Zvi ì“b †jvKwU Aw¯’i n‡q Qywi Øviv Zvi nv‡Zi wMiv †K‡U †djj|
d‡j Ggbfv‡e nvZ n‡Z i³¶iY nj †h G‡ZB Zvi g„Zz¨ nj| c‡i †ZvdvBj
184 †K eo jvfevb
Beby Avgi Zv‡K ¯^‡cœ †`L‡jb †h, Zvi evwn¨K I kvixwiK Ae¯’v Ges †ekf‚lv
LyeB my›ì wKš‘ Zvi nvZ `yÕLvbv Kvco Øviv XvKv| ZLb †ZvdvBj Zv‡K wR‡Ám
Ki‡jb, †Zvgvi cÖwZcvjK †Zvgvi mv‡_ wKiƒc AvPiY K‡i‡Qb? †jvKwU ejj,
Avj−vn Avgv‡K Zuvi bexi wbKU wnRiZ Kivi Kvi‡Y ¶gv K‡i w`‡q‡Qb|
†ZvdvBj Avevi wR‡Ám Ki‡jb, wK e¨vcvi Avwg †Zvgvi nvZ `yLvbv XvKv †`LwQ
†Kb? †m ejj, Avj−vni c¶ n‡Z Avgv‡K ejv n‡q‡Q, Zzwg †¯^”Qvq hv bó K‡iQ,
Avwg Zv KL‡bv wVK Kie bv| G ¯^cœ †`Lvi ci †ZvdvBj (ivt) NUbvi c~Y© weeiY
ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi Kv‡Q †ck Ki‡jb| ZLb ivm~j (Qvt) Zvi Rb¨ †`vÔAv Ki‡jb,
†n Avj−vn! Zvi nvZ `yÕLvbv‡KI gvd K‡i `vIÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/3456; evsjv wgkKvZ
nv/3308)|
G nv`xQ Øviv GK_v ¯úófv‡e cÖZxqgvb nq †h, AvÍnZ¨v †Zv `~‡ii K_v †Kvb
gvbylB Zvi wb‡Ri kix‡ii evwn¨K I AvwÍK †KvbUvB bó Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| Avi
bó Kiv ev A‡K‡Rv Kiv nvivg| hw` †Kvb e¨w³ Zvi †Kvb A½ bó K‡i, Zvn‡j
Avj−vn Zvi †m bó A½‡K ¶gv Ki‡eb bv| A_©vr ciKv‡j Zv wVK K‡i w`‡eb bv|
Kv‡RB AvÍNvwZ †evgvevRiv †Kvbw`b ¶gv cv‡e G Avkv Kiv hvq bv| eyLvixi
Aci GK eY©bvq Av‡Q,
Z( C( 5( 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . T #0 Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
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& d7; <S 9 ( 6 7 ( B
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Avey ûivqivn (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, Avgiv Avj−vni ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi m‡½
GK hy‡× wQjvg| wZwb Bmjv‡gi `vex`vi GK e¨w³‡K j¶ K‡i ej‡jb, G e¨w³
Rvnvbœvgx| A_P hLb hy× ïi“ nj, ZLb †m †jvKwU fxlY exi-weµ‡g hy× Kij
Ges AvnZ nj| ZLb ejv nj, †n Avj−vni ivm~j (Qvt)! †h †jvKwU m¤ú‡K©
†K eo jvfevb 185
Avcwb e‡jwQ‡jb †m †jvKwU Rvnvbœvgx, AvR †m fxlY hy× K‡i‡Q Ges gviv
†M‡Q| ivex e‡jb, G K_vi Dci Kv‡iv Kv‡iv Aš—‡i G wel‡q m‡›`n m„wói
Dcµg nq Ges Zviv G m¤úwK©Z K_v-evZ©vq i‡q‡Qb| G mgq Lei Gj †h
†jvKwU g‡i hvqwb; eis gvivÍKfv‡e AvnZ n‡q‡Q| hLb ivwÎ nj †m AvNv‡Zi
K‡ó âh©aviY Ki‡Z cvij bv Ges AvÍnZ¨v Kij| ZLb bex (Qvt)-Gi wbKU G
msev` †cuŠQvb nj| wZwb e‡j DV‡jb, Avj−vû AvKevi| Avwg mv¶¨ w`w”Q †h,
Avwg Aek¨B Avj−vn ZvÔAvjvi ev›`vn Ges Zuvi ivm~j| AZtci bex (Qvt) †ejvj
(ivt)-†K Av‡`k Ki‡jb, ZLb wZwb †jvK‡ì g‡a¨ †NvlYv w`‡jb †h, gymwjg
e¨ZxZ †KD Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek Ki‡e bv| Avi Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv GB Øxb‡K cvcx-g›`
†jvK‡ì Øviv mvnvh¨ K‡ibÕ (eyLvix 1/430 c„t)|
gvbyl‡K fxwZ cÖ`k©b KivI nvivg
gvbyl‡K fqfxwZ cÖ`k©b KivI Bmjv‡g Rv‡qh bq| nZ¨vi ûgwK cÖ`vb KivI
Bmjv‡g †bnv‡qZ Ab¨vq| GgbwK GKRb gymjgvb Aci gymjgvb‡K nvZ I gyL
Øviv †Kvbfv‡e Kó w`‡Z cv‡i bv| G g‡g© nv`x‡Q G‡m‡Q,
T ( 9 (B 0 >-( 7, ! 7(; : d7e #s $> % j %e -( "r(#> Z( (O d(7( c -( ;

[ ( 5( M( ` k(5( ! > 6s < d( 0 8 E 7(U( (5 0 "J 6W H . _ "5( 7, ! 7(; : d7e c* <">
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Beby Avey jvqjv (ivt) e‡jb, gynv¤§v` (Qvt)-Gi QvnvexMY e‡j‡Qb †h, Zviv
ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi mv‡_ mdi Ki‡Zb| GK iv‡Z Zv‡ì GKRb Nywg‡q c‡owQj|
Ggb mg‡q Zv‡ì GK m½x GKwU iwki w`‡K AMÖmi nj, hv H Nygš— †jvKwUi
wbKU wQj Ges GB †jvK †m iwkLvbv nv‡Z wb‡q wbj| nVvr Nygš— †jvKwU Nyg n‡Z
D‡V iwkmn H †jvKwU‡K wb‡Ri Kv‡Q †`‡L fxlYfv‡e fq †cj| ZLb ivm~j
(Qvt) ej‡jb, †Kvb gymjgv‡bi Rb¨ GUv Rv‡qh bq †h, †m Ab¨ †Kvb gymjgvb‡K
fxwZ cÖ`k©b Ki‡eÕ (Avey`vE`, nv`xQ Qnxn, wgkKvn nv/3545)| G nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj
†h, Bmjv‡g fxwZ cÖ`k©b Kiv nvivg| Kv‡RB wewfbœ ¯’v‡b †evgv gvivi ûgwK w`‡q
gvbyl‡K mš¿¯— Kiv Rv‡qh bq|
B # -( i
9 /( 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
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186 †K eo jvfevb
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†Zvgv‡ì †KD
†hb Zvi fvB‡qi cÖwZ A‡¯¿i Øviv Bw½Z bv K‡i| †Kbbv †m Rv‡b bv nq‡Zv
kqZvb Zvi A¯¿wUi Øviv H e¨w³i cÖwZ AvNvZ Kwi‡q w`‡Z cv‡i| d‡j †m
Rvnvbœv‡gi M‡Z© wbw¶ß n‡eÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/3518; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/3363)|
AÎ nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, †Kvb gvbyl †Kvb gvby‡li cÖwZ B”Qvq ev Awb”Qvq
A¯¿ Øviv Bkviv Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| KviY kqZvb me©`v †Kvb gymjgv‡bi Øviv ANUb
NUvevi my‡hvM AbymÜvb Ki‡Z _v‡K| Avi A¯¿ Øviv BkvivKvixi cwiYvg
Rvnvbœvg| ZvB gvbyl fxZ-mš¿¯— nq Ggb †Kvb KvR Kiv Bmjvgx kixÔAv‡Z
nvivg|
d( . - 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! "; : c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
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9 d> ! " 7& D q( A( ^4
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Avey ûivqivn (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h e¨w³ Zvi
fvB‡qi cÖwZ †jvnvi A¯¿ Øviv Bkviv K‡i H A¯¿ nvZ †_‡K bv †djv ch©š—
wdwikZviv Zvi cÖwZ jvbZ Ki‡Z _v‡Kb, hwÌ †m Zvi m‡nvì fvBI nqÕ (eyLvix,
wgkKvZ nv/3519)| B”Qvq †nvK wKsev Awb”Qvq †nvK †Kvb gvbyl Zvi wbR fvB‡qi
cÖwZ A_ev Ab¨ †Kvb gvby‡li cÖwZ A¯¿ Øviv Bkviv Kivi cwiYvg nj Rvnvbœvg|
6( $ Z( O( 7, ! 7(; : d7e
c> <"> ( $ 0 "; : c b
. X( 9 3 c -( $ ; ;
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4 ( * "7(;
Beby Igi I Avey ûivqivn (ivt) †_‡K ewY©Z, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h Avgv‡ì
wei“‡× A¯¿ aviY K‡i, †m Avgvi kixÔAv‡Zi Aš—f©y³ bqÕ (eyLvix, wgkKvZ nv/3520;
G nv`xQ Øviv eySv †Mj †h, hviv gymjgvb nIqv m‡Ë¡I gymjgv‡bi wei“‡× A¯¿
aviY K‡i wKsev fxwZ cÖ`k©b K‡i Zviv cÖK…Z gymjgvb bq| Zviv gymjgv‡bi
ixwZbxwZ‡K wemR©b w`‡q‡Q|
6 , 7, ! 7(; : d7e
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.
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mvjgv Beby AvKIqv (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h e¨w³ Avgv‡ì
wei“‡× Zievix D‡Ëvjb Kij †m Avgvi kixÔAv‡Zi Aš—f©y³ bqÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ
AÎ nv`xQ mg~n Øviv cÖZxqgvb nq †h, eZ©gv‡b hviv a‡g©i bv‡g wewfbœ ¯’v‡b †evgv
gvivi ûgwK w`‡q gvbyl‡K AvZw¼Z Ki‡Q Ges wbwe©Pv‡i gvbyl‡K †evgv †g‡i nZ¨v
Ki‡Q, Zviv gymjgvb‡ì `jfz³ bq| Zv‡ì‡K Bmjvgx `‡ji Aš—f©y³ g‡b K‡i
Zv‡ì †Kvb mn‡hvwMZv Kiv hv‡e bv| Zv‡ì‡K †Kvb cÖKvi AvkªqI †`qv hv‡e
bv| eis Zv‡ì wei“‡× Ae¯’vb wb‡Z n‡e|
j
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. 2s # <; ;
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Ave`yj−vn Beby gvmE` (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ôgymjgvb‡K Mvwj †`qv
dv‡mKx Ges Zv‡K nZ¨v Kiv KzdixÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/4814)| G nv`xQ Øviv
eySv †Mj †h, †h e¨w³ †Kvb gymjgvb‡K nZ¨v K‡i †m Kvwdi|
gymwjg KLb nZ¨v‡hvM¨
GKRb gymjgvb wewfbœ Kvi‡Y nZ¨v‡hvM¨ n‡Z cv‡i| G‡¶‡Î H gymjgv‡bi
wei“‡× AvbxZ Awf‡hvM h_vh_ cÖgvwYZ n‡Z n‡e| †Kvb e¨w³ Øxb Z¨vM Ki‡j,
†m gyiZv` n‡e| Avi gyiZv` cÖgvwYZ n‡j, Zv‡K nZ¨v Ki‡Z n‡e GUvB Bmjvgx
weavb| gyiZv` cÖgv‡Yi c×wZ m¤ú‡K© Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv e‡jb, $ A
% 9
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)( k5( : Z( [ -( Ôhviv Avj−vni AeZxY© AvBb Abyhvqx wePvi
dvqQvjv K‡i bv, Zviv Kv‡diÕ (gv‡q`v 44)| Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv c‡ii Avqv‡Z e‡jb,
@( $ K 3 ? )( k5( : Z( [ -( $ A % 9 Ôhviv Avj−vni bvwhjK…Z AvBb
Abyhvqx dvqQvjv K‡i bv, Zviv hvwjgÕ (gv‡q`v 45)| Gi cieZ©x Avqv‡Z Avj−vn
e‡jb, @( C , (& 3 ? )( k5( : Z( [ -( $ A % 9 Ôhviv Avj−vni bvwhjK…Z
AvBb Abyhvqx wePvi-dvqQvjv K‡i bv Zviv dvwmKÕ (gv‡q`v 47)|
AÎ Avqv‡Z Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv GK Aciv‡ai Kvi‡Y wZbwU wm×vš— †ck K‡i‡Qb|
G‡Z ¯úó eySv hvq †h, Acivaxi Aciva Z`š— Kivi ci P‚ovš— wm×vš— MÖnY
Ki‡Z n‡e| †KD hw` KziAv‡bi ûKzg‡K fzj Ges AKj¨vYKi g‡b K‡i KziAvbx
188 †K eo jvfevb
weavb‡K D‡c¶v K‡i wePvi K‡i Zvn‡j †m Kvwdi ev nZ¨v‡hvM¨ n‡e| Avi †h
e¨w³ Avj−vni weavb‡K wbf©yj I mwVK g‡b K‡i Ges Kj¨vYKi e‡j wek¦vm K‡i
A_P Kvh©Z Zvi wecixZ dvqQvjv K‡i †m Kvwdi bq; eis dvwmK| Avi †h e¨w³
ev`x-weev`xi Aciva ¯úó eySvi ci Ab¨vqfv‡e wePvi K‡i, †m hvwjg ev
AZ¨vPvix| AvqvZ mg~n Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, Aciva Ges Acivax m¤ú‡K© h_vh_
Z`š— Kivi ci P‚ovš— wm×vš— MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e|
@Y ] ?
& 9 /( Q?( & # >O( $9 Z( (O 7, ! 7(; : d7e
c* <"> ; X( 9 3 c -( ;
Avey ûivqivn (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z, bex Kixg (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔCgvb †Kvb †jvK‡K
nVvr nZ¨v Kiv n‡Z weiZ iv‡L| myZivs †Kvb gywgb †hb †Kvb †jvK‡K nVvr nZ¨v
bv K‡iÕ (Avey`vE`, wgkKvZ nv/3548; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/3329)|
e¨vL¨v : †Kvb gvbyl‡K h_vh_ hvPvB bv K‡i nVvr nZ¨v Kiv Rv‡qh bq| †h e¨w³
c~e© cwiwPZ bq, Zv‡K wR‡Ám K‡i wbwðZ n‡Z n‡e †h, †mB Kvw•LZ e¨w³ wK
bv? GKRb gvbyl‡K nZ¨v Kivi †¶‡Î wb‡æv³ welq¸wj Aek¨B j¶Yxq| (1)
nZ¨vi c~‡e© wbwðZ n‡Z n‡e †h, Acivax K…Z Aciva nZ¨v‡hvM¨ Aciva wnmv‡e
Rv‡b wK bv| (2) nZ¨vi c~‡e© Acivaxi mggv‡bi †jvK‡K A_ev Zvi †P‡q †Kvb
†hvM¨ †jvK‡K wM‡q ej‡Z n‡e Avcbvi G Aciv‡ai Kvi‡Y Avcwb nZ¨vi †hvM¨|
(3) Acivax‡K nZ¨v Kivi c~‡e© Zv‡K Zvi Aciva AeMZ Kiv‡Z n‡e wZb †_‡K
mvZ w`b ch©š—| Gmg‡qi g‡a¨ †m Aciva‡K ¯^xKvi K‡i ZIev Ki‡j Zv‡K nZ¨v
Kiv hv‡e bv| (4) G mg‡q Acivax‡K P‚ovš— wm×vš— MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e †m ZIev
Ki‡e, bv wbnZ nIqvi c_ Aej¤^b Ki‡e? (5) nZ¨vi ivq cÖ`vbKvix‡K cÖKvk¨
I cÖwZwôZ †bZv n‡Z n‡e| (6) nZ¨vi Av‡`k †`qvi gZ kviC I mvgvwRK
¶gZv _vK‡Z n‡e| Gme welq wbwðZ bv n‡q †Kvb gymjgvb‡K gyiZv` e‡j nZ¨v
Kiv hv‡e bv|
Agymwjg‡ì mv‡_ KLb hy× êa
†h †Kvb Agymwjg‡K †h †Kvb mg‡q nZ¨v Kiv nvivg; eis Zv‡ì mv‡_ Kj¨vYKi
I mywePvic~Y© AvPiY Kiv Avek¨K| Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv e‡jb,
3 L <D & -( B . 92 B H I
9 ( 9#* c5 B 7D(C9 ( 9M ; : B 0"9 (
@ U C& $ & f
L % 9 F 0 ( U C& D
†K eo jvfevb 189
Ôhviv Øx‡bi e¨vcv‡i †Zvgv‡ì mv‡_ hy× K‡i bv Ges †Zvgv‡ì‡K †Zvgv‡ì Ni-
evox n‡Z †ei K‡i †`q bv| Ggb Agymwjg †jvK‡ì mv‡_ Kj¨vYKi I
mywePvic~Y© eënvi Ki‡Z Avj−vn †Zvgv‡ì‡K wb‡la K‡ib bv| mywePviKvix‡ì‡K
Avj−vn cm›` K‡ibÕ (gygZvnvbv 8)|
ivm~j (Qvt) Agymwjg‡ì Dc‡XŠKb MÖnY Ki‡Zb| Avqjv bvgK GK †`‡ki
Agymwjg ev`kv ivm~j (Qvt)-†K GKwU L”Pi Dc‡XŠKb w`‡qwQ‡jb (eyLvix 1/356
c„t)| Igi (ivt) GK Agymwjg e¨w³‡K GKwU Kvco Dc‡XŠKb w`‡qwQ‡jb (eyLvix
1/357 c„t)| AZGe †Kvb gymwjg e¨w³‡K AÁvZfv‡e nZ¨v Kiv‡Zv eû `~‡ii K_v
†Kvb Agymwjg‡KI ÁvZ-AÁvZ †Kvb Ae¯’vq nZ¨v Kivi †Kvb AeKvk Bmjvgx
kixÔAv‡Z †bB| Z‡e wb‡æv³ c×wZ‡Z Zv‡ì mv‡_ hy× Kivi AbygwZ i‡q‡Q|
†Kvb Agymwjg `j gymjgvb‡ì wei“‡× nvgjv Kivi cwiKíbv Ki‡j gymjgvbiv
Zv‡ì †gvKvwej Kivi cÖ¯‘wZ MÖnY Ki‡e| †gvKwejvi c×wZ n‡”Q-
myjvBgvb Beby eyivq`v (ivt) Zvi wcZv n‡Z eY©bv K‡ib, ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi wbqg
wQj wZwb hLb †Kvb †QvU wKsev eo †mbv`‡ji Dci KvD‡K Avgxi wbhy³
Ki‡Zb, ZLb Zv‡K GKvš—fv‡e Avj−vn‡K fq K‡i Pjvi Ges m½x‡ì mv‡_ fvj
AvPiY Kivi Dc‡`k w`‡Zb| AZtci ej‡Zb, Avj−vni bvg wb‡q A_©vr wemwgj−vn
e‡j Avj−vni iv¯—vq wRnv‡` †ei n‡q hvI| Avi hviv Avj−vni mv‡_ Kzdix K‡i
A_©vr Kv‡di‡ì mv‡_ hy× Ki| mveavb wRnv‡` hvI, wKš‘ MYxg‡Zi gv‡j
wLqvbZ Ki bv, Pzw³ f½ Ki bv| kÎ“‡ì‡K weKjv½ Ki bv A_©vr Zv‡ì nvZ,
cv, bvK, Kvb KZ©b Ki bv Ges †Kvb wkï‡K nZ¨v Ki bv| hLb Zzwg †Zvgvi
cÖwZc¶ gykwiK Kvwdi kÎ“i †gvKvwejvq AeZxY© n‡e, ZLb Zzwg Zv‡ì‡K wZbwU
cÖ¯v— e w`‡e| wZbwU cÖ¯v— ‡ei †Kvb GKwU †g‡b wb‡j Zzwg Zv MÖnY Ki‡e Ges
Zv‡ì cÖwZ AvµgY Kiv n‡Z weiZ _vK‡e| cÖ_gZt hy‡×i gq`v‡b Zv‡ì‡K
Bmjv‡gi `vIqvZ w`‡e| hw` Zviv Bmjvg Keyj K‡i, Zv‡ì‡K gymwjg e‡j †g‡b
wb‡e Ges Zv‡ì mv‡_ hy× Kiv n‡Z weiZ _vK‡e| Zv‡ì‡K Kv‡di‡ì †`k
n‡Z gymjgvb‡ì †`‡k wnRiZ K‡i P‡j Avmvi AvnŸvb Rvbv‡e| Zv‡ì‡K GUvI
AeMZ Ki‡e †h, Zviv hw` wnRiZ K‡i Z‡e ZvivI †m mg¯— AwaKvi I my‡hvM
jvf Ki‡e hv gynvwRiMY jvf K‡i‡Qb| Avi †m mg¯— `vwqZ¡I Zv‡ì Dci Awc©Z
n‡e hv gynvwRixb‡ì Dci Awc©Z n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ hw` Zviv wbR †`k Z¨vM Ki‡Z
ivhx bv nq, ZLb Zv‡ì‡K AewnZ Ki‡e †h, Zv‡ì mv‡_ †miƒc AvPiYB Kiv
n‡e †hiƒc AvPiY MÖvg¨ gymjgvb‡ì mv‡_ Kiv nq| A_©vr Zviv QvjvZ Av`vq
Ki‡e, hvKvZ cÖ`vb Ki‡e, wK¡QvQ I `xqZ BZ¨vw` †g‡b Pj‡e Ges hy×jä gvj I
190 †K eo jvfevb
webv hy‡× Kv‡di‡ì wbKU †_‡K cÖvß gvj n‡Z Zviv †Kvb Ask cv‡e bv| Aek¨
Zviv G m¤ú‡ì Ask ZLbB cv‡e hLb Zviv gymjgvb‡ì mv‡_ mw¤§wjZfv‡e
wRnv‡` kvwgj n‡e| wØZxqZt hw` Zviv Bmjvg MÖnY Ki‡Z A¯^xKvi K‡i ZLb
Zv‡ì wbKU n‡Z wRwhqv ev Ki Av`v‡qi cÖ¯v— e †ck Kiv n‡e| hw` Zviv Ki
w`‡Z ivhx nq, Zzwg Zv‡ì Ki MÖnY Ki‡e Ges Zv‡ì Dci AvµgY Kiv n‡Z
weiZ _vK‡e| Z…ZxqZt hw` Zviv wRwhqv ev Ki w`‡Z A¯^xKvi K‡i, Zvn‡j
†Zvgiv Avj−vni Dci fimv Ki‡e Ges Zv‡ì mv‡_ hy× ïi“ Ki‡eÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ
AÎ nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, hy‡×i gq`v‡bI †Kvb Agymwjg‡K Ah_v nZ¨v
Kiv hv‡e bv; eis nZ¨v Kivi c~‡e© Zv‡K Bmjv‡gi `vIqvZ w`‡Z n‡e| Bmjvg
MÖnY bv Ki‡j, Zv‡K wRwhqv w`‡q †eu‡P _vKvi cÖ¯v— e w`‡Z n‡e| wRwhqv w`‡Z
A¯^xKvi Ki‡j, Zv‡ì wei“‡× hy× †NvlYv Ki‡Z n‡e| hy‡× gymjgvb‡ì Rq-
civRq Df‡qB n‡Z cv‡i| ivm~j (Qvt) †kl ch©š— Zv‡ì nZ¨v Kivi Av‡`k
w`‡jb bv| GLv‡b cÖ‡Z¨K gvby‡li GKvš—fv‡e †f‡e †`Lv cÖ‡qvRb †h, GKRb
Agymwjg e¨w³‡K hy‡×i gq`v‡b Qvov †Kvb Ae¯’v‡ZB nZ¨v Kiv Rv‡qh bq,
Zvn‡j GKRb gymjgvb‡K AÁvZfv‡e wK K‡i nZ¨v Kiv Rv‡qh n‡Z cv‡i|
AZ¨vPvix kvm‡Ki AvbyMZ¨ Kiv hvq wK?
AZ¨vPvix kvmK hZw`b ch©š— QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡e ZZw`b ch©š— Zvi AvbyMZ¨ Kiv
hv‡e| AZ¨vPvix kvmK hw` Ab¨vqfv‡e cÖnvi K‡i wKsev A_©-m¤ú` wQwb‡q †bq,
ZeyI Zvi AvbyMZ¨ Ki‡Z n‡e| niZvj K‡i Mvox fvOPzi K‡i wewfbœfv‡e ag©NU
K‡i †`‡ki w¯’wZkxjZv‡K bó K‡i †Kvb miKvi‡K AcmviY Kiv kixÔAv‡Z
Av‡`Š Rv‡qh bq|
Z( O( 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . ; ! "; : c b . c G /( ? x ; ;
. A 7(; ( 7lS
9 0 7(; ( 7lS D A <L% 9 0 <L% D 9M A $> ^-( . `
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†K eo jvfevb 191
AvId Beby gvwjK Avj-AvkRvC (ivt) †_‡K ewY©Z, bex Kixg (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb,
Ô†Zvgv‡ì kvmK‡ì g‡a¨ †mB kvmKB DËg hv‡K †Zvgiv fvjevm Ges hviv
†Zvgv‡ì‡K fvjev‡m| Avi †Zvgiv Zv‡ì Rb¨ †`vÔAv Ki Ges ZvivI †Zvgv‡ì
Kj¨v‡Yi Rb¨ †`vÔAv K‡i| Avi †Zvgv‡ì †mB kvmKB Lvivc hv‡ì‡K †Zvgiv
N„Yv Ki Ges ZvivI †Zvgv‡ì‡K N„Yv K‡i| Avi Zv‡ì cÖwZ †Zvgiv Awfkvc Ki
Ges ZvivI †Zvgv‡ì cÖwZ Awfkvc K‡i| eY©bvKvix e‡jb, ZLb Avgiv ejjvg,
†n Avj−vni ivm~j (Qvt)! GgZve¯’vq Avgiv wK Zv‡ì AcmviY Kie bv, Zv‡ì
mv‡_ K…Z A½xKvi f½ Kie bv, Zv‡ì wei“‡× hy× Kie bv? ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb,
bv hZw`b ch©š— Zviv †Zvgv‡ì gv‡_ QvjvZ Kv‡qg Ki‡e, Avevi ej‡jb, hZw`b
ch©š— Zviv †Zvgv‡ì g‡a¨ QvjvZ Kv‡qg Ki‡e, ZZw`b ch©š— †Zvgiv Zv‡ì
wei“‡× †Kvb c`‡¶c MÖnY Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| mveavb! hv‡K †Zvgv‡ì Dci kvmK
wbhy³ Kiv nq, Avi Zvi g‡a¨ Avj−vni bvdigvbxi †Kvb wKQy cwijw¶Z nq, ZLb
†Zvgiv Zvi †mB bvdigvbxi KvRwU‡K N„Yv Ki, Zvi mn‡hvwMZv Ki bv| wKš‘ Zvi
AvbyMZ¨ n‡Z nvZ ¸Uv‡Z cvi‡e bvÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/3670; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/3503)|
e¨vL¨v : G nv`xQ Øviv ¯úóiƒ‡c cÖgvwYZ nq †h, bvdigvb e¨w³ fvjgvby‡li kvmK
n‡Z cv‡i| AZ¨vPvix kvmK hZw`b QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡e, ZZw`b Zv‡K
Acmvi‡Yi †Kvb c`‡¶c MÖnY Kiv hv‡e bv| AZ¨vPvix kvm‡Ki c~Y© AvbyMZ¨
Ki‡Z n‡e| Zvi AvbyMZ¨ n‡Z nvZ ¸Uv‡bv hv‡e bv| Zv‡K AcmviY Kivi †Kvb
†Póv Kiv hv‡e bv|
A 7(; A 9 7, ! 7(; : d7e Z , . Z( (O : p
((O 0 "; : c b . q( $ 7(, _* - ;
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me kvmK wbhy³ n‡e, hviv fvj-g›` Dfq cÖKvi KvR Ki‡e| †Zvgiv Zv eyS‡Z
cvi‡e Ges Acm›Ì Ki‡e| myZivs †h †jvK Zvi g›` Kv‡Ri cÖwZev` Ki‡e
gy‡Li Dci e‡j w`‡e †h †Zvgvi GKvR kixÔAvZ we‡ivax, †m e¨w³ Zvi `vwqZ¡
n‡Z gy³ n‡q hv‡e| Avi †h e¨w³ kvm‡Ki G g›` KvR‡K g‡b g‡b Lvivc Rvb‡e
†m e¨w³I wbivc‡` _vK‡e| A_©vr ¸bvn n‡Z †eu‡P hv‡e| wKš‘ †h e¨w³ D³
Kv‡Ri Dci mš‘wó cÖKvk Ki‡e Ges D³ Kv‡R kvm‡Ki AvbyMZ¨ Ki‡e †m e¨w³
¸bv‡ni g‡a¨ Zvi mv‡_ kixK n‡e| ZLb QvnvexMY ej‡jb, †n Avj−vni ivm~j
192 †K eo jvfevb
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bv| hZw`b ch©š— Zviv QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡e, ZZw`b Zv‡ì wei“‡× hy× Kiv hv‡e
bv| Avevi ej‡jb, hZw`b ch©š— Zviv QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡e, ZZw`b ch©š— Zv‡ì
wei“‡× hy× Kiv hv‡e bvÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/3671; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/3502)|
e¨vL¨v : AÎ nv`x‡Q AZ¨vPvix kvmK m¤ú‡K© PviwU bxwZ †ck Kiv n‡q‡Q- (1)
Zvi Ab¨v‡qi we‡ivwaZv Ki‡j gyw³ cv‡e| (2) Ab¨vq‡K Acm›` Ki‡j ¸bvn
†_‡K euvPv hv‡e| (3) Zvi Ab¨vq Kv‡Ri cÖwZ m¤§wZ Rvbv‡j Zvi mv‡_ ¸bv‡n
kixK n‡e| (4) Ggb kvm‡Ki wei“‡× hy× Kiv hv‡e bv| Zvi AvbyMZ¨ n‡Z nvZ
¸Uv‡bv hv‡e bv|
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ÔAwP‡iB †Zvgiv Avgvi g„Zzï c‡i Ggb ¯^v_©ci kvmK Ges kixÔAvZ we‡ivax
KvR †`L‡Z cv‡e, hv †Zvgiv Acm›` Ki‡e| QvnvexMY ej‡jb, †n Avj−vni ivm~j
(Qvt)! ZLb Avgv‡ì‡K wK Ki‡Z Av‡`k K‡ib? ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb, †Zvgiv
Zv‡ì cÖvc¨ Zv‡ì‡K cwi‡kva K‡i `vI Ges wb‡R‡ì cÖvc¨ Avj−vni wbKU
cÖv_©bv KiÕ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/3672; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/3503)| AÎ nv`x‡Q
AZ¨vPvix kvm‡Ki AvbyMZ¨ Kivi Rb¨ Av‡`k Kiv n‡q‡Q| Avi wb‡R‡ì nK
Avj−vni wbKU †_‡K †bqvi Rb¨ cÖv_©bv Kivi Av‡`k Kiv n‡q‡Q|
: d7e Z( , . cL # 9[ 9 q $ 7(, Z( k, : Z( (O ! "; : c b . s G 6 ^ ;
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wR‡Ám Ki‡jb, †n Avj−vni bex! Avcwb Avgv‡ì‡K G m¤ú‡K© wK Av‡`k K‡ib,
hw` Avgv‡ì Dci Ggb kvmK †P‡c e‡m †h Avgv‡ì †_‡K wb‡R‡ì cÖvc¨
Av`vq K‡i wb‡Z Pvq, wKš‘ Avgv‡ì cÖvc¨ Av`vq Ki‡Z A¯^xKvi K‡i? ivm~j
†K eo jvfevb 193
(Qvt) ej‡jb, Zv‡ì Av‡`k kªeY Ki Ges AvbyMZ¨ Ki| †Kbbv Zv‡ì KZ©e¨
Zv‡ì Dci Awc©Z `vwqZ¡ cvjb Kiv| Avi †Zvgv‡ì KZ©e¨ nj †Zvgv‡ì Dci
Awc©Z `vwqZ¡ cvjb KivÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/3673; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/3504)|
e¨vL¨v : (1) kvm‡Ki `vwqZ¡ cÖRve„‡›ì cÖwZcvjb Kiv Ges Zv‡ì g‡a¨ BbQvd
Kv‡qg Kiv| (2) cÖRvi `vwqZ¡ nj AvbyMZ¨ Kiv Ges †Kvb AbvPv‡ii gy‡LvgywL
n‡j we‡ivwaZv bv K‡i âh©aviY Kiv| kvm‡Ki Av‡`k kªeY Kiv Ges Zv h_vh_
gvb¨ Kiv|
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c 5 y i > j 7O 0 7O ZW H. 0 5 _ C , c "> ( "L 9 ( 1 #0 ( # 0 9
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kvm‡Ki Avwef©ve NU‡e, hviv Avgvi wb‡`©wkZ c‡_ Pj‡e bv Ges Avgvi mybœvZ
Abyhvqx Avgj Ki‡e bv| Avevi Zv‡ì g‡aÏ Ggb wKQy †jv‡Ki Avwef©ve NU‡e
hviv AvKvi-AvK…wZ‡Z I †Pnviv-Qyiv‡Z gvbylB n‡e, wKš‘ Zv‡ì Aš—i mg~n n‡e
kqZv‡bi Aš—‡ii b¨vq| ûhvBdv (ivt) e‡jb, Avwg wR‡Ám Kijvg, †n Avj−vni
ivmyj (Qvt)! hw` Avwg †m Ae¯’vq cwZZ nB, ZLb Avgvi KiYxq wK n‡e? ivm~j
(Qvt) ej‡jb, †Zvgvi kvmK hv Av‡`k Ki‡e, Zv gvb‡e Ges Zvi AvbyMZ¨ Ki‡e
hwÌ †Zvgv‡K cÖnvi Kiv nq Ges †Zvgvi m¤ú` wQwb‡q †bqv nqÕ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ
e¨vL¨v : Ggb kvmK n‡e hviv ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi Av`k©‡K D‡c¶v Ki‡e| Zviv
ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi mybœvZ‡K Agvb¨ Ki‡e| Zv‡ì AvKvi-AvK…wZ gvby‡li gZ n‡e
Z‡e Zv‡ì AvPvi-AvPiY kqZv‡bi gZ n‡e| Zviv Ab¨vqfv‡e RbMY‡K a‡i
kvw¯— w`‡e, Ab¨vqfv‡e Zv‡ì A_©-m¤ú` Rã Ki‡e ev wQwb‡q wb‡e| ZeyI Zv‡ì
K_v kªeY Ki‡Z n‡e Ges Zv‡ì Av‡`k gvb‡Z n‡e| AZGe AZ¨vPvix kvm‡Ki
wei“‡× hy× Kiv hv‡e bv| Zv‡K AcmviY Kivi †KŠkj Aej¤^b Kiv hv‡e bv|
Zvi mv‡_ K…Z A½xKvi f½ Kiv hv‡e bv| eis Zvi h_vh_ AvbyMZ¨ Ki‡Z n‡e
hZw`b †m QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡e|
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†eivB` c~e©cvov Avn‡jnv`xQ Rv‡g gmwR`
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Rvwj evMvb nvwdwhqv gvìvmv
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wcwUAvB Avn‡jnv`xQ Rv‡g gmwR`
PuvcvB beveMÄ|

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K Eo Jvfevb: Avb B Ivm J

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AvB‡b ivm~j AvjvBwn

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