ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 1 2 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb

nCyDi
zhkvdBjf 1
ilGf Wqfsuh rWqfv ltDtnmCr 5
ncfr sKsj ilGf Wqfsuh rWqfv ltDt 18
ilGf Wqfsuh rWqfv hAfifsv nhGhfdlnmdk 27
wvDqsk ilGfv mfb 27
ilGfv dhLfb dyvb 28
pcdv dbjsN ilGf 30
ofbf-shofbf 33
ilGfv dhLfb mfbf-bf mfbfv ItfIt 39
ilGf ilGfbwDsbv dne-sheX 41
ilGf bfvDv tftsjf 42
ilGf mfsbv nf[D 42
ilGf rlsqv idhkf 43
ilGf y[c-lxdv idhkf 43
iaydtk ilGfv iajfvsHl 44
wvqD ilGf jvsk zifvo rst 47
ilGfv isK durfl 48
ilGfq iviv nrspfdokf 51
ilGf mfbsk hfLf djsnv? 56
ilGfv dhLfb zmfbAjfvDv dhLfb 57
wvqD ilGfv wkGfhtD 59
ilGfq syrfvf Tfjf uvvD sjb? 62
syrfvf sJftf ufsqspv ltDt W kfv Jb 71
ilGf ns bfbf nslr W kfv dbvnb 75
ilGf zfbcjvB bq, hflk
zfct rfmDl mflfbD ilGf W bfvDv mpGflf 76
ilGf dbsuv jfsY 77
ilGf sifwfsj bq, msb 78
ilGfv ubA dj shfvjf uvvD? 79
ilGf Istv sJfnfv mskf 80
stfj Hft rst ilGfv lvjfv sb 80
`h' rst ilGf jvh 80
ilGf jvst ovm tfso 81
shfvjf-WqftDW ydvrDbf 81
pcso zfv ilGf yst bf 82
ilGf mLApcoDq j jcnQfv 82
ilGf dj iaodkv zvfq? 84
wvqD ilGf mfbf dj so]fVfdm? 84
 ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 3 4
shfvjfv dHksv zivfLDv zfksofib 84
shfvjf ufdkv mdrtfslv mfsU hBG-hNmA nxd jsv 85
ilGf mdrtfv hAd-fLDbkf rvB jsv 87
lcdbqfv zdLjfQw mdrtfvf ilGf jsv bf 88
icvsNv iv ilGf Ivp bq sjb? 89
zffr snZlpG iYl jsvb, specjc dYt, snecjc Lc spZb-ncsJv zfwfq `WqfI u tfI'
kfrst kf sofib jvfv dbslGw sjb? 90
ilGf bf jsvW nkD rst 90
nflf-mfEf sifwfj ivstW dj ilGf uvvD? 91
ifiD mdrtfv ilGfq jD tfH? 91
ilGf jvst zfib iv rsq pfq 92
ilGf sjht bhD-ikDslv ubA 93
ifyfskAv mdrtfslv ilGf 96
iv-icvsNv nfsK dbuGbhfn 102
zhfL smtfsmwfv jcIt 105
zdHHfhsjv jkGhA 110
bfvDv lcoG
dnif spb EsY s[si
hfv kfvf tVsh,
lcoG sHs bkcb TsM
bkcb hfnf oVsh
hfv kfvf tVsh.
snbfidk nvtmdk
HfhsY djsn vJsh,
zjfvsB sbsm vsB
j kfvf Hcosh
HfhsY djsn vJsh.
syZdlsjsk stZr-iafyDv
iafyDv kfvf Hfsh,
fLDbkfv sJ]fsu hfv
vs kfvf vfMsh
iafyDv kfvf Hfsh.
Yf pk jv kcdm
ncsJ kfvf Kfjsh,
jhv YfVf mb lcoG
spKfq kcdm vfJsh
bf rst nh Hfosh
ncsJ kfvf Kfjsh.
---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
zhkvdBjf
ntfm zfomsbv iCshG bfvDv sjfb mfb-mpGflf W jlv dYt bf.
zfjfsv. jbAf drnfsh bfvDv mfb dYt bf. ubA sjfb lidk
jbAf-nfb iYl jvk bf. jfsvf jbAf-nfb HCdm rsqsY bst
kfv syrfvf jfstf rsq spk. mrfb zffr sn ufsrtD pcsov mfbcNslv
zhf hBGbf j'sv hstb,
1/0. { $ ) ' ' & ' * ' % & & & % ' ( ' + ' ' ) ' % ( ) ' ' ' ') & & ' '! ')'
' , & "#
zKGf{, Wvf ivm lqfmq zffrv iadk sp jbAf-nfb zfsvfi jsv,
Wslv jfsjW sn jbAf nfsbv nQhfl slWqf rst kfv mcJmt
jfstf rsq pfq hQ sn znrbDq mbfsi dj rq. (pcJvI } 17)
=) % <>' % ' < ) 89' ' :;' ' 167. $ ) ' ' & ' * ' % & & & % ' ( ' 2' 345 & ) % & & ' '! ')'
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zKGf{, kfslv jfsj pJb jbAf-nfsbv ncnQhfl slWqf rq, kJb
kfv mcJmt jft rsq pfq hQ sn znrbDq mbfsi dj rq. kfsj sp
nQhfl slWqf rq, kfv ofdb srkc sn dbu nialfq rsk zfksofib jsv;
sn dyf jsv sp, rDbkf nsW sn kfsj svsJ slsh, bf mfdesk ics] k
sItsh. nfhLfb! kfvf pf dnf jsv, kf jk bf dbjx. (bfrXt } 58-59)
hvQ kfvf mfdesk uDh lfIb j'sv dlk! mrfb zffr sn jKfW
hstsYb hQ kfslv sn dbmGm ifsiv ubA uhfhdldr jvsk rsh, kfW
ufdbsq dlsqsYb.
1L7 ; A: . XQ% ' ):W& V3" ) ')'M
, ' ) * Q' R@& N& ' O& % P'% "#
F % ' TU
zKGf{, pJb uDh-siafdKk jbAfsj dusn jvf rsh, sjfbX zivfsL
kfsj rkAf jvf rsqdYt? (kfjhDv } 8-9)
spmb hkGmfsbW psv mfLAsm jbAf-B dydrk j'sv osHG kf
rkAf jvf rsY.
sn pcso jbAf-nfbsj bAfpA zdLjfv W mDvfsnv zQw sKsj hdk
jvf rk. hkGmfb ufsrtD pcsoW jbAfsj kfv bAfpA zdLjfv sKsj
hdk jvf rq. iB W spZkcj iaKfv jfvsB dikf-mfkfv jfsY jbAf-
nfb zfslZ hfdk bq. hV rsq zsbj jbAf dikf-mfkfv mfb-nmfb
 ilGfv dhLfb -----------------------------
vfsJ bf hstW jbAf-nfsbv iadk zbDrf zfsn. ic-nfsb
mfbrfdbjv djYc Oefst nmfsu [dkjv bq hst nhf ic-nfb
yfq. nmfsu sn sYstsj iYl jvf rq, pfv HdhNA{ zfsY. zfv sn
smsqsj iYl jvf rq, pfv zkDk zfsY. zkDk-rfvfsbf smsq
idkkfv mskf hst kfv jlv dhtc rq.
hkGmfb pcsov jbAfv zhf ns j jdh hstsYb,
`jbAf Osvv zfhuGbf, iqnf dlsq sItsk rq,
v[BDqf iftbDqf dw[BDqf zfslZ bq.'
ufsrtD pcso kfv zhf v yfskW sTv swfybDq dYt.
dj ntfm sn bfvDsj mpGflf dlt. mcrfmfl pJb bhD rsq
siadvk rstb, kJb dkdb mfbcNsj zjfv sKsj zfstfv iK slJfstb.
zkfv dnc sKsj kcst fsbv njk slJfstb. kfv jlpGkf sKsj
fv j'sv n{isKv nclv idvshsw iadkdk jvstb. bfvDsj kfv
pKfKG mpGflf dlstb. kfv iafiA zdLjfv kfsj ialfb jvstb. mf, D,
jbAf W shfbvsi pKfpK nmfb lfb jvstb. dkdb htstb,
sr zffr! zfdm lc lchGt; kDm W bfvDv zdLjfv tQOsb ifsiv
jKf sOfNBf jvdY. (zfrmfl, bfnf, hsb mfufr, hsb drfb, rfsjm,
dntdntfr nrDrfr 1015bQ)
sp hAd jfdLj jbAf dbsq nefi rsh, zk}iv sn kfslv iadk
pKfKG nAhrfv jvsh, sn hAdv ubA jbAfvf ufrffm sKsj
zvft (ilGf) vi rsh. (hcJfvD 1418 bQ, mcndtm 2629 bQ)
hkGmfb ufsrtD pcsoW h mfbcsNv jfsY bfvDv mpGflf sb. kfslv
nmfsu bfvD dhdjdjdb rq. spZb-dhtfsnv ubA sHfoA-isBAv mskf
bfvDv nf hfufv vmvmf. hxf rsq sost bfvDv fb rq hx-sJ]fqfsV.
rt ifyfskAv zhf hQ kfv if-y]fef softfmslv nmfu-hAhf.
`bfvD-fLDbkf'v bfsm kfvf `spZb-fLDbkf' dlsq bfvDsj dbsuslv spZb-
sJ]fqfsV hlD jsvsY. khcW kfslv ohG jk, kfvf dlsqsY, bfvDv mpGflf!
sn oshG wvDj rsqsY mcndtm bfmLfvD h mcbfdIj mfbcN. pfvf
ifyfskAv sn spZb-fLDbkf dbsuslv nmfu W idvshsw slJsk yfq.
nckvfQ kfvf iayfv-mfLAsm kf iayfv jsv, i-idjfq stJfdtdJ jsv,
zsbsj zfhfv hAfifsv ixKj h-icj W stsJ. zsbsj ifyfskAv
bcb sJsq kfslv Hftmskf B ofq. Ist sn spZb-fLDbkfv dyfLfvf
5 6 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
mcndtm mfrv mfsU k odksk YdVsq iVsY, spmb j jfw-Icst
zfb YdVsq isV.
zfsbv stdtrfb dwJfv mcsJ isVW zsbj mcndtsmv zhf
`diic-dIwc'v mskf } diE icsV sot. dIsv swfW. jk vdh ust? sjhf
z]fdJ smst?
zfv zsbsjv zhf sn hvfDv mskf, pfsj htf rt, `hvfD stf
hvfD! skfv Ov icVsY sp!' sn htt, `icVcjXso, zfmfv hvfQ skf
icsVdb!'
zsbsj hst, `zk dj mfbf pfq?'
zsbsj zdosk Oxkfdk jsv!
zsbsjv dyvfo kst zjfv!
zsbsj mfKfv ecdi dEj svsJ yst, dj hsqv mfKfq jfisVv jKf
sJqft jsv bf!
dhslwD zfoafnsbv iv sKsj ifyfskAv ivw ilGfv idvshwsj
`jlpG' idvodBk jsvsY. icvN-mrst yfjdvv stfH mdrtfslvsj
ilGf zhf jvsk hfLA jvsY. spZK dw[f iadkfsb d-spZhbfvf
ilGfv ilGfsj mb sKsj dY j'sv sItsY. bfvDhflD stJj-stdJjfvf
bfvD-fLDbkfv bfsm uvfqc-fLDbkfv iayfv W ianfsv ilGfv dblf
j'sv ystsYb. jdh-nfdrdkAjvfW ifyfskAv kKfjdKk nHAkfq
iaHfhfdhk rsq sn j dhN lXofv j'sv ystsYb. bfvDsj
nmfbfdLjfv ialfb jvsk dw[f-iadkfb, yfjdv-t W rfse-hfufsv
idk jvsYb slswv sbkf-sbDvf.
mcndtm slwdtsk ilGf zhmfdbk v rq. 1920 nfst mcndtm
bfmLfvD bfdj zfkfb kcjG jfmft ifwf kcdjGfsb ilGf dbdN j'sv
zfb iaBqb jsv. 1926 nfst vfsIpD dvpf ifrthD vfsb ilGf
dbdN rWqfv zfb ifw jsv. zfIofdbfsb mcrfmfl zfmfb ilGf
sYl jvfv jfbcb yftc jsv. zfthfdbqfq zfrmfl spfsofqf ilGfv
svWqfu kcst slq. dkdbdnqfq 1421 druvD nsb jcJAfk sbkf
hcvjfhf zfb j'sv ilGf dbdN jsv.
zfuW h slsw ilGf dbdN jvf rsY. imrfslsw kfv zbcjvB
jvfv syf ytsY. sjfKfW ilGfv dhvs icvsNvf snfyfv rsY!
`mfY msvsY dhVft j]fsl wf jvt hsj,
hAfsMv swfsj n]fkfv ifdb sldJ nfsiv syfsJ!'
 ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 7 8 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
sjfKfW ilGfv dhvs dmdeQ-dmdYt rsY. sjfKfW shfvjf uftfsbf rsY.
pfvf zffrv iadk mfb vfsJ bf, kfslv jKf zftflf. kfslv nfsK
pcd-ksjG sisv WEf pfsh bf. spsrkc kfslv msLA zfnt wkG (mfb ilGf Wqfsuh rWqfv ltDtnmCr
dhfr)ef sb. icdjf kfslv ubA bq, jcvzfbW kfslv ubA ntfsm ilGfv dhLfb jde Ivp dudbn. dhLfblfkf qQ
drlfqfk bq. mrfb zffr sn dw[f-odhGk zrQjfvDslvsj iK nxdjkGf. dpdb bfvDsj sp iajdx k W slr-snZh dlsq nxd jsvsYb, sn
slJfshb bf. dkdb hstsYb, slr icvsNv iajdx k W msb sjmb iaHfh dhfv jvsh, kf dkdb ufsbb.
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n' ) "' + )i@' k& ^l:;
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Z D4 N9 @ 1/uv. {r ' ) )s5t' 5 ' %fD' % 35& ' ' 5'f)p5;q' ) % & ^( ' % &oU( ' ) $ % ' n' "' 8' ' >:% ( |5i
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+ ' % A& % ' D' 5'f % ~3' '
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zKGf{, ixdKhDsk pfvf zbAfqHfsh ohG jsv shVfq kfslvsj zfmfv ^; z5;] ' % n' "'
dblwGbfhtD rsk dIdvsq slh; kfvf zfmfv iaskAjde dblwGb slJstW zKGf{, sr hbD zflm! (sr mfbhufdk) skfmfslv tffb Tfjfv W
Wsk dhhfn jvsh bf. kfvf n{iK slJstW Wsj iK hst oarB jvsh shwHCNfv sswA zfdm skfmfslv ubA idvYl zhkDBG jsvdY. zfv
bf, dj kfvf f iK slJst kfsj iK drnfsh oarB jvsh. de nQpmwDtkfv idvYl nshfG{jx. rt zffrv dblwGbnmCsrv
jfvsB sp, kfvf zfmfv zfqfk (dblwGb)nmCrsj dmKAf msb jsvsY hQ zbAkm; pfsk kfvf islw oarB jsv. (zf'vfI } 26)
sn ns kfvf lfnDb dYt. (zf'vfI } 146) `tffb' rt wvDsvv sn zQwstf, pf sTsj vfJf uvvD. zfv
i[fsv pfslv hcsj JbW mfsbv didlm utsY, kfslv shwHCNf rt sn sifwfj, pf snZlpG iajfw jvfv ubA idvLfb jvf
nkjGkfv ubA drufshv h h mb j'sv zfmfv [c iaqfn. rq. zKGf{, sifwfsjv iaKm iajfv rt iasqfubDq dhNqfdlv zHcG
mrfb zffr hstb, hQ kfv dkDq iajfv rt idviCvj W hfVdk. mrfb zffr Hq
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z5;9 ^ N9 @ 166. {rf % &% xyfp ( ) ' % , "' '
& ' ' 8 ' % ^, Ews iajfv sifwfsjv ubA nvfm W iflfb nxd jsvsYb.
i[fsv zfsvf jde sifwfj zfsY, pf idvLfb bf jvst mfbcN
zKGf{, kcdm islw dlsk Kfj, jfvB islw dhwfnDslv ijfsv t Kfsj. nclv sKsj nclvkm sifwfj ivstW sn znclv Kfsj.
zfnsh. (pfdvqfk } 55)
zfv kf rt `kfjWqf' W nQpmwDtkfv sifwfj. mb sifwfj, pf
k]fv jfsY zfmfv zfwf, dkdb spb ifEj-ifdEjfv mb sKsj idvLfb j'sv mfbcN iasqfubDq z zfhxk jsv, zrQjfv jvfv
mcbfdIjD, nslr, ofdItdk, fdnjkf W zhsrtfv ilGf ndvsq dlsq
idvhskG zffrsj Hq jsv hQ mfb W sbj zfmstv lfhDnmCr iCvB
k]fslv idvhfsv ilGfv dhLfb iadkf j'sv slb. zfmDb. jvfv iadk pk sbq. bsy{ sp mfbcsNv msbv zHAsv tfwDtkf
dhbDk----
sb, sn mfbcN pk nclv W zdHufk idvYl idvLfb j'sv Kfjcj bf
zfct rfmDl mflfbD sjb, kfsj zbA mfbcsN bo slJsk ifsh.
zft-mfumfzfr
`nQpmwDtkfv idvYl nshfG{jx' jKf sKsj zKGW Icse WsE
nlD zfvh sp, snZlpG W nfu-nfv ubA pdlW sifwfj ivf ShL, khcW
kfQ 30/5/11
sifwfsjv hAfifsv mb nflfmfEf rWqf shwD m, pfsk ivsrpofvD
W zffrHDvkf iajfw ifq.
zfvhD jdh hstsYb,
 ilGfv dhLfb -----------------------------
5+ @5 E5 E# 535;
+ D V >p 2>:
5+ 5D E5 B s a{ J 9 eD5 ? P |5i a{
zKGf{, mfbcN pdl kfjWqfv sthfn bf isv, kfrst sn t, pdlW
sn jfiV isv Kfsj.
mfbcsNv nhGswa sthfn rt dbu iadkiftsjv zfbcokA jvf. zfv
kfv msLA sjfb mt sb, sp dbu iadkiftsjv zhfLA.
mcndtm mdrtfv dHksv spsrkc mfb zfsY, snsrkc kfv msb-mosu
kfjWqfW Kfsj. kf skf sn dbu iadkiftsjv zfslw iftb j'sv
`kfjWqfv sthfn' idvLfb jsv.
mcndtm mdrtf rq dbu idvYkfq Icstv yfsk nclv, dbu ydvs
rq jvD zsi[f snZvHmq, dhbsq rq iCdBGmfv y]fl zsi[f dnmq,
snr-Hfthfnfq rq hxd zsi[f nhGhAfiD. kf skf sn mfb fvf dbu
snZlspGv v[Bfsh[B jsv, zsi kc sKsj ncsJv shsrwXk tfH jsv,
ilGfv zvfst sKsj dbsuv idhkf v[f jsv, tfwDtkfv
ztQjfv fvf dbu snZlpG hLGb jsv.
mfbrDb bfvD slsr sifwfj bf svsJ bokfv iadkspfdokfq dhw-
nclvD rq, dj mfblfv bfvD nfvf slsr ilGf svsJ nhG-nclvD rq.
mcndtm mdrtfvf sjb ilGf jsv? ilGfv sp njt spZdjkf zfsY, kf
zsbsjv dbje oafrA bf rstW iaLfb jde jfvsB mdrtfsj ilGfv
dhLfb mfbsk rq. zfv kf rt kfv iadkiftsjv zfslw.
mcndtm icvNvf lfdV sjb vfsJ? spsrkc iadkiftsjv zfslw. spmb
icvN sn zfslw iftb jvsk jfvB J]u c sh bf, skmdb mdrtf ilGfv
zfslw iftb jvsk pcd J]u c sh bf. pdlW pcd kfsj ilGfv dhLfb
sKsj mcd dlsk ifvsh bf.
nckvfQ ytcb hfsv t[A jdv mrfb iadkiftsjv dhLfb W zfslw jD?
ilGfv iaKm ltDt
5 ' J#( ) ( & :'' f;) ' ; ) i;% & J' ' ( & ' & s& ' % yK
' % ' ' ( ) 95
zKGf{, dhhfnD bfvDslvsj ht, kfvf spb kfslv lxdsj nQpk jsv
W kfslv tffb v[f jsv. kfvf pf nfLfvBk} iajfw Kfsj kf
hAkDk kfslv snZlpG spb ialwGb bf jsv. (bCv } 31)
9 10 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
5+ 5 i ; ? P "# t[BDq sp, mrfb zffr zfqfsk mc'dmb bfvDslvsj kfslv
njt iajfv snZlpG sofib jvsk zfslw dlsqsYb. nckvfQ kfslv
nxdok ldrj snZlpG spmb syrfvfv tfhBA, syfsJv smfrbDqkf,
sE]fsev jmbDqkf, ofstv ncsFZtkf, ycstv ncwaDjkf, jfsbv ih-waD,
uctdIv msbfrfdvk kAfdl slsrv zbAfbA z-iakAsv snZlpGsj
zfhxk jvsk zfslw jvf rsqsY. zbcvi W zfslw jvf rsqsY sp,
kfvf spb kfslv ianfLbok zdkdv jxk snZlpGW sofib jsv.
spmb pfhkDq ztQjfv, zfcstv zfQde, rfskv ycdV, smsrdlv
tdj, syfsJv jfut, sE]fsev sE]feifdtw, jfsbv lct, otfv rfv,
idvdrk idvYl kAfdl bfvDv snZlpGhLGj njt iajfv dudbnsj
sTsj vfJsk zfslw jvf rsqsY.
zfqfsk njt iajfv snZlpGsj sofib jvsk zfslw j'sv sjht
j iajfv snZlpGsj hAdkf jvf rsqsY. zfv kf rt `pf nfLfvBk}
iajfw Kfsj'. sjfbX snZlpG nfLfvBk} iajfw Kfsj? zfqfsk kf
zi vfJf rsqsY. jcvzfsbv zbA zfqfk zKhf sjfb rflDsn sn
zikfv jKf i jvf rqdb. zhwA dhNsq nfrfhf W kfshb
jkGj x dhdH d hdBGk rsqsY. kf nrDr rst zhwA zikf
lCvDHCk rk. dj sn nh d nrDr bq, hvQ iviv-dhsvfLD.
zkh sn nh dv dlsj s[i bf j'sv zfmvf snZlspGv jKf
zi vfJh, spsrkc zfqfsk kf zi vfJf rsqsY. zfv mrfb
zffr hstsYb,
F ' H) :D5'
16L:?5 f . X) @& ( ' ) #' ) k& G & s' ?% % )'M
% & % ' fp' Ews
zKGf{, pdl sjfb dhNsq skfmfslv msLA mksHl Ose, kfrst sn
dhNqsj zffr W vnCstv dlsj dIdvsq lfW. (dbnf } 59)
zfmfslv dyk, zfqfskv dboCP zKG zbAfbA zfqfk W rflDsnv
zfstfsj hQ zfvhD nfdrkA-wdtv dHdsk fv jvf. pfsk
ndlrfb msbv zfjfsw sjfb nslsrv smO usm bf Kfsj.
) ' % ' % ) ' b;
) f ) gB
% & % ' z5' % & % , W& ' t[BDq sp, mrfb zffr pJb snZlpG sofib jvsk htstb, kJb
9 <<f N9 @ 1/. {5 ' %f ) ' ' ' sn dqfv nfsK jkGf hfbfstb mdrtfslvsj. dj pJb `pf nfLfvBk}
iajfw Kfsj' jKfde htfv nmq dqfv jkGf hfbfstb sJfl snZlpGsj.
mdrtfslvsj dqfv jkGf hfdbsq hstbdb sp, `pf nfLfvBk} kfvf
iajfw jsv.' zfv kfv zKG l]fVfq sp, mrfb zffr mdrtfsj kfv
njt iajfv snZlpG sofib jvsk zfslw dlsqsYb. nckvfQ sn kf
 ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 11 12 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
jvsh. zhwA pf zfibf-zfidb iajfw rsq isV, pf iajfw rsq iVfsk dkDq ltDt
kfv dbu sjfb Jdkqfv Kfsj bf, pf iajfw jvsk sn hfLA rq, pf mrfb zffr hstsYb,
sofib jvf zfslZ nh bq, pf Yf jvstW sofib jvf pfq bf, kf { ( h) ) & W& ' % A& ) & >& ) & ' % ' % A& ) "' F 5' ) ? 9' ' ) ' % ' 5D5:
( & & U@5s ')'
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+ ' ' ( & B:
zdbYfjxk iajfw rsq iVst kfv sjfb zivfL rsh bf.
zKGf{, skfmvf kfslv dbje rsk djYc yfst ilGfv zvft rsk
zfsvf i jvfv ubA htsk rq sp, mdrtfv snZlpG lc iajfv }-
yfW. dhLfb skfmfslv hQ kfslv rlsqv ubA zdLjkv idh.
iaKm iajfv snZlpG } pf sn sofib jvsk zfdl rsqsY, yfsr kf (zfrpfh } 53)
ldrj snZlpG srfj zKhf zftQjfdvj snZlpG srfj. sn pdl kf t[BDq sp, `djYc yfst ilGfv zvft rsk yfW.' kfv mfsb dhbf ilGfq
sofib jvsk de jsv zKhf Yf j'sv iajfw jsv, kfrst sn kfslv jfsY djYc sysqf bf. sbiKA sKsj kfslv jKf swfsbf. zfv kfv
sofbfrofv rsh. mfsb rt syrfvf slJfsbfW hL bq. jfvB, kf rst skf `ilGfv zvft
dkDq iajfv snZlpG } pf sofib jvf nh bq zKhf sofib jvf rsk yfW' jKfv sjfb zKG zhdw Kfsj bf. syrfvf pdl zivsj
nh, dj zdbYfjxk kf iajfw rsq pfq zKhf msbv zufs kf slJfsbf pfsh, kfrst zfhfv zvft hf zfVft jDsnv Kfjsh?
iajfw rsq isV zKhf mdrtf iasqfusb kf iajfw jvsk hfLA rq, mdrtf zfv ilGfv dhLfb icvN-mdrtf njstv msbv ubA zdLjkv
dbsu kf iajfw jsv bf, hvQ snZlpG zfibf-zfidb iajfw rsq isV idh. spsrkc shilGfq slJf-nf[fsk msbv mfsU bfbf jcmBf nxd rq.
zKhf iasqfub kfsj Jctsk hfLA jsv, kfrst sn s[s sn sofbfrofv LDsv LDsv msb sbfQvf dyf fbtfH jsv. zfv kfv Ist mb zidh
rsh bf. swaBDv snZlspGv jKf mrfb zffr `pf nfLfvBk} iajfw rsq spsk ifsv. mfbcsNv mb rftXjf kcstfv mskf, jJb sjfbX dlsj
Kfsj' hst hA jsvsYb. spsrkc dkdb zbA hstsYb, rfWqf stso sV pfq sj ufsb bf. mfbcsNv mb jycv ifkfv iv
' % & (J#) 5 + y3% ' &
N >i N9 @ 17v. {5 ' @ ' & 'J
& , A; j dhlc ifdbv mskf, rfWqfv slftfsk jJb sjfbX dlsj odVsq pfq
zKGf{, zffr jfsjW kfv nfsLAv zdkdv lfdqk ziGB jsvb sj htsk ifsv bf. mfbcsNv mb hV mliahB. sj dbsuv mbsj
bf. (hfjfvfr } 286) idh Hfhsk ifsv bf.
iasqfub hf z[mkfv jKf spsrkc jft-if sHsl dhdH rsk ubA sjfb dIdvwXkf msbv icvN rstW kfsj ilGf jvsk rsh.
ifsv, snsrkc zfqfsk kf zi vfJf rsqsY. zfv kfsk vsqsY nfrfhfvf dYstb nhsysq shdw idh msbv zdLjfvD, kfslvsj pdl
mfrv ubA nrukf W iawkf. ilGfv dhLfb mfbA jvsk htf rq, kfrst zfmfslv mskf nfLfvB
htf hftA, mdrtf sp jfiV dlsq dbsusj sofib jvsh, kfsk pdl mfbcNslv s[s sn dhLfb smsb ytf jk hV uvvD, kf zbcsmq.
sjfb zdbYfjxk snZlpG Kfsj zKhf rfWqf kAfdlv jfvsB slsrv kxkDq ltDt
sjfb zQw sKsj hfdrAj zfhvB nsv pfq zKhf dhhfsrv iCshG hv mrfb zffr hstb,
jsbsj j buv slsJ dbsk yfq zKhf dydj{njsj sjfb z ?5< ' ] % ' ( ) )5< ' ] % ' ( ) ): ' ); ) i;% & J' ' ( h) ) & & CD ' ' ( ) ) Bl
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) % , ) ' 5 ) ' ) ) ) % ) &
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rfk' zKhf `zfQde, ycdV, ncmGf, jti' kAfdl dbdlG jvf bq.
9 <<f N9 @ 1/. {E' & ) yp% & % A& ( ' ' E' &f ) gP
% &% 5' G ' 5+ )' ) #' ) & p& '
dhLfq ziasqfusb kf Yfjxk shv j'sv vfJf mdrtfv ubA hL bq.
zKGf{, kfvf kfslv h[}t spb mfKfv jfiV fvf zfhxk vfsJ.
 ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 13 14 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
kfvf spb kfslv fmD, dikf, wv, ic, fmDv ic, fkf, fkcic, dbsuslv slsr ovm tfof zbcHh jv.
HdobD ic, kfslv bfvDoB, dbu zdLjfvHc lfn, spZbjfmbf-vdrk sn icvN W mdrtf kWhf jv, pfvf Jsbf ilGf W shfvjf dbsq hA-
icvN zKhf bfvDslv sofib z ns z hftj hAkDk jfvW dbje dhi jv.
kfslv snZlpG iajfw bf jsv. zfv kfvf spb mb nsufsv ils[i bf sn kvBDvf kWhf jv, pfvf Jsbf dhbf ilGfq dbsuslv vi-
jsv, pfsk kfslv sofib zfHvB iajfw sisq pfq. sr mc'dmboB! snZlpG ialwGb j'sv shVfW.
skfmvf njst zffrv dlsj iakAfhkGb jv, pfsk skfmvf nItjfm zfsv skfmfv vi zfv jk dlbjfv? sIfef Icstv mskf skfmfv
rsk ifv. (bCv } 31) vsiv hfrfv jk dlbjfv? jdlb zfnsh, spdlb skfmfv vi Icstv
t[BDq sp, mrfb zffr mdrtfslvsj zfslw jsvsYb, kfvf spb mskf Utsn pfsh. nckvfQ sn vi, sn spZhsbv hfrfv sjht
kfslv mfKfv iv sKsj WVbfsj dbsuslv h[}st bfdmsq sbq. skfmfv fmDsj irfv lfW. fmD bf Kfjst shsrwXkD fmDv ubA
`Jcmcv' hf `dJmfv' mfsb mfKf Tfjfv jfiV. zKGf{, sp jfiV dlsq mfKf sofib vfJ. kcdm dj shsrwXkD bfvD rsk yfW bf? kcdm dj yfW bf
Tfjsh, sn jfisVv djYc zQw spb hcjsjW sTsj sbq. v mfsb shsrwXsk skfmfv dyv ncsJv hfnf srfj? lcdbqf zfv jq dlbjfv?
zhwA bq sp, mfKfq WVbf hf jfiV bf svsJ sjht H]fu j'sv lcdbqfsj iafLfbA slsh sjb? mrfb zffr hstsYb,
) ) % Ews
hcsjv Wiv yfdisq sbq, spmb hkGmfsbv zfLcdbjfvf jcvzfsbv % '% m<
5< ( ' ' 1L. 8 ' U<P ' ' ' ( ) ' 17. 5' 3% G N5' ' d
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nckvfQ mfKfv iv sKsj pJb hcsjv iv WVbf vfJsk rsh, kJb zKGf{, nckvfQ sp nDmftQOb jsvsY hQ ifdKGh uDhbsj iafLfbA
syrfvf dj hfl pfsh? j[b bf. dlsqsY, ufrDm (ufrffm) rsh kfv zfwaqt. i[fsv sp Dq
pdl hstb, `zffr skf hcsjv iv WVbf vfJsk hstsYb, mcsJv iadkiftsjv nfmsb idk rWqfv Hq svsJsY hQ jciahdx rsk
isv bq. nckvfQ syrfvf Tfjf uvvD bq.' dbsusj dhvk svsJsY, uffk rsh kfv zfwaqt. (bfdpzfk } 37-41)
dj kfrst zffr skf OfV, hfuc kAfdl Tfjfv jKfW hstbdb, kf ykcKG ltDt
hst dj kf shv j'sv vfJf hL mdrtfv ubA? j[b bf. mrfb zffr hstb,
' ) E' < & % ;' J \) ( < ) <,f < ) & <D) >' %
mrfb zffr pJb mdrtfsj otfv dbsyv zQw Tfjsk zfslw ' < $ <'f & ( ) % < ' D' ' % <' s' 5<+ < 5A3
% ' <;' E% ' 5< ?5 ' % ' ' M
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mfijfdE. sj nclvD rst syrfvf dlsq rq. syrfvf snZlspGv
zfLfv. vi dhyfsvv nmq syrfvf lwGbDq. nckvfQ kf drufshv hfsv zKGf{, hx bfvD; pfvf dhhfsrv zfwf vfsJ bf, kfslv ubA zivfL
pfsh sjb? sb; pdl kfvf kfslv snZlpG ialwGb bf j'sv kfslv hdrhGfn Jcst
t[BDq sp, mrfb zffr zfqfskv swsN hstsYb, vfsJ. ksh sKsj kfslv dhvk Kfjf kfslv ubA m. zfv zffr
nhGswafkf, nhG. (bCv } 60)
9 <<f N9 @ 1/. {E' & ) yp% & % A& ( ' ' E' &f ) gP
% &% 5' G ' 5+ )' ) #' ) & p& '
t[BDq sp, sp mdrtfvf dhhfsrv zfwf vfsJ bf, zKGf{ kfslv
zKGf{, sr mc'dmboB! skfmvf njst zffrv dlsj iakAfhkGb jfmbf sb sp, kfvf fmD oarB jvsh zKhf icvNvf kfslvsj slsJ
(kWhf) jv, pfsk skfmvf nItjfm rsk ifv. (bCv } 31) jfmbf jsv bf sp, kfvf kfslvsj D hfbfsh, djQhf hxf rsq pfWqfv
nckvfQ sn pchkDvf kWhf jv, pfvf Jsbf zffrv zhfLAkfq Ist sp mdrtfslv msb spZb zbcHCdk tc rsq sosY, kfvf pdl hdrhGfn
dlhfvfd zdkhfdrk j'sv ystY. (shfvjf-yflv) Jcst vfsJ, kfrst slfN hf sofbfr rsh bf.
sn mdrtfvf kWhf jv, pfvf Jsbf zisvv shfvjf ivf slsJ zfv kfv mfsb rt, pfslv msb zbcvi zfwf zfsY zKhf pfslv
 ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 15
hAfifsv zbcvi zfwf jvf pfq, kfvf kfslv hdrhGfn Jcst vfJst slfN
hf sofbfr zfsY.
khcW hxfv s[s wkG zfsvfi jvf rsqsY sp, kfvf kfslv snZlpG
ialwGb jvsh bf. yflv hf shfvjf ivf Wqfsuh bq hst hxf syfsJ
jfut, sE]fse sE]fe-ifdtw kAfdl ianfLbD tfdosq ianfdLjf nfusk
ifsv bf. haf dlsq h[}t ]yc j'sv ialwGb jvsk ifsv bf. zKhf
mb sthfn ivsk ifsv bf, pfsk icvsNv syfsJ zfjNGBDq. htf hftA
hxfv s[s pdl mb wkG rq, kfrst pchkDv s[s kfv jkef vk
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zffrsj Hq jv ksh ivicvsNv nfsK sjfmt js mbHfsh jKf
hstf bf, pfsk zsv pfv hAfdL zfsY sn iatc rq. zfv skfmvf
nlftfi jv. (fHfdhjHfsh jKf ht.) skfmvf oxsr zhfb jv
hQ (iafj-ntfmD) ufsrtD pcsov mk dbsuslvsj ialwGb j'sv
shdVsqf bf. (zfrpfh } 32-33)
t[BDq sp, zffr kfzftf spviHfsh bfvD ufdkv slr-Shdys
icvsNv ubA spZb zfjNGB nxd jsvsYb (pf sKsj srIfpskv dhswN
dbslGw slWqf rsqsY pfsk bfvD icvsNv ubA dIkbfv jfvB bf rsq
isV.) zbcviHfsh dkdb bfvDslv jsvW iajdx kokHfsh mb sjsV
sbWqfv [mkf, sjfmtkf W mLcvkf svsJsYb, pf icvNsj dbsuv dlsj
zfjNGB jvsk Kfsj. nckvfQ sn jv hAhrfv jvfv hAfifsvW
dbslGw slWqf rsqsY sp, ivicvsNv nfsK hfjAftfsiv nmq mdrtf
YfiChGj mb j hAhrfv jvsh, pfsk sjfmtkf W mLcvkfv idvhskG
nfmfbA w W jsEfvkf Kfsj. pfsk hAfdLoa zvdhdw stfj jsv
sjfmtkfv jfvsB kfslv dlsj zfjx bf rsq isV hQ kfslv msb
jchfnbfv nfv bf rq.
`pdl skfmvf zffrsj Hq jv' hst zffr kfzftf dk jsvsYb
16 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
sp, jKf hQ zbAfbA dbslGwfhtD pf hBGbf jvf rsqsY, kf mcfjD
bfvDslv ubA (pfvf zffrsj Hq jsv). jfvB kfslv zfwf Kfsj
sp, pfsk kfslv zfsJvfk hvhfl bf rsq pfq. i[fsv pfslv rlq
zffrv HqwCbA, kfslv nfsK dbslGwfhtDv sjfb nijG sb. kfvf
jJsbfW v isvfqf jvsh bf.
`skfmvf oxsr zhfb jv' hQ iasqfub YfVf Ov sKsj hfsv spW
bf. sk idvjfv j'sv slWqf rsqsY sp, bfvDslv jmG vfubDdk,
lcdbqf idvyftbf W idvwam-ifuGb jvf bq. hvQ kfslv iaLfb jfu
rt, Osvv yfv slWqfstv mfsU ncvd[k sKsj oxrjmG slJfswfbf jvf.
`(iafj-ntfmD) ufsrtD pcsov mk dbsuslvsj ialwGb j'sv
shdVsqf bf' hst bfvDslv Ov sKsj shv rWqfv zflh hBGbf jvf rsqsY
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' % ' ( % , ' ' '
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% ' &% ' % ' ' ' ' iajfw ifq. spmb shilGf rsq spb mbHfsh shv bf rq, pfsk kfslv
1: ~ 4 . X' &4 mfKf, syrfvf, OfV W hcj kAfdl icvsNv lxd zfjNGB jsv. hvQ ncod
hAhrfv bf j'sv nfLfvB sifwfsj zfhxk rsq ilGfv nfsK spb shv rq.
`kfhfvGu'v zKG rt shilGf rWqf, snZlpG iajfw W ialwGb jvf.
jcvzfb jKf i j'sv dlsqsY sp, `kfhfvGu' (ilGfrDbkf) rt
ufsrtD pcsov iaKf; pf ntfsmv iCshG dYt hQ HdhNAsk pJb kf shsY
sbWqf rsh, kJb kf ufsrtD iaKf oBA rsh. kfv nfsK ntfsmv
sjfb nijG sb, kfsk kfv bfm pk nclv W mbstfHf (bfvD-
fLDbkf, bfvD-iaodk, nHAkf kAfdl) vfJf srfj bf sjb. (zfrnfbct hfqfb)
`kfhfvGu' mfsb shilGf, bokf, pdlW zfLcdbj pcsov bokf slsJ
ufsrtD pcsov mdrtfvf tf ifsh. spsrkc hkGmfb pcsov lxd-zfjNGj W
dyfjNGD IAfwfb, bfbf smfsFt W `snD' sthfn ufsrtD pcso dYt bf.
`kfhfvGu' } bfvDv ldrj snZlpG, spmb syrfvf, OfV, yct, b hf
kfv djYc zQw, otfv dbsyv zQw, diE hf kfv djqlQw, sie W bfdHv
dbsyv zQw, ufQ W ifsqv vtf hf kfv djYc zQw shv j'sv svsJ
ivicvNsj ialwGb jvf.
`kfhfvGu' } ytfv Hdmfsk ivicvsNv lxd zfjNGB jvf.
spZbfshlbmqD W tfnAmqDv Hdsk ytfsIvf jvf.
`kfhfvGu' } sne hAhrfv j'sv, hfubflfv ztQjfv isv hfsv
pfWqf.
 ilGfv dhLfb -----------------------------
`kfhfvGu' } ifktf, Jfsef hf efedIe sthfn isv hfsv pfWqf.
`kfhfvGu' } bfbf ianfLb W vsM vdk rsq lxd-zfjNGj sifwfj
isv hfsv pfWqf. shstfibf, shrfqfibf, znQpk W shnfmft
sifwfj isv hfsv pfWqf.
fkhA sp, zfqfk mct mc'dmbDbslv hAfifsv rstW mfrv
njt mdrtf d. nhGswa znfLfvB mdrtfslvsj pdl zfslw
slWqf rq, kfrst nfLfvB mdrtfslvsj zfslw zhwA jvf
rsqsY. jfvB kfslv msLA rlsqv mfb, kfjWqf W idhkf jm.
spmb zfqfsk k]fslvsj bfmfp jfsqm jvsk, pfjfk dlsk hQ
zffr W k]fv vnCstv zfbcokA jvsk zfslw slWqf rsqsY, sp
zfslw njt mdrtfv ubA hAfij. kfYfVf mrfb zffr hstb,
) ',P e'$ f ' ' N$ ' @% & ) ) @9
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zKGf{, skfmfslv msLA pfvf zffr W ivjftsj Hq jsv hQ
zffrsj zdLj mvB jsv, kfslv ubA vfnCtc frv (ydvsv) msLA
m zflwG vsqsY. (zfrpfh } 21)
nckvfQ iaskAj mc'dmb W mc'dmbfv ubA zffrv vnCt W k]fv
ikDoB jmf zflwG. mcndtm mdrtfvf ilGf W ivsrpofvDsk
k]fslv zbcnvB jvsh.
kfYfVf ivhkGD ltDst njstv ubA zfm zfslw slWqf rsqsY,
pfsk jfsvf sjfb nslr Kfjsk ifsv bf.
N ltDt
mrfb zffr hstsYb,
) )
( ) )i< ) ' ) % <;& rf
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% &% ?5 ' <3) ' n<p5'
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zKGf{, sr bhD! kcdm skfmfv DoBsj, jbAfoBsj W mc'dmbslv
vmBDoBsj ht, kfvf spb kfslv yflsvv djqlQw dbsuslv
(mcJmstv) iv sesb slq. sk kfslvsj sybf nrukv rsh; Ist
kfslvsj kA jvf rsh bf. zfv zffr mrf [mfwDt ivm lqftc.
(zfrpfh } 59)
t[BDq sp, zfqfsk ilGfv jfvB W spZdjkf hBGbf jvf rsqsY
sp, sk kfslvsj sybf nrukv rsh; Ist kfslvsj kA jvf
17 18 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
rsh bf.
spsrkc ufsrtD pcsov tievf nfLfvBk} lfnDslv nfsK `HdeduQ'
jvk. kf mrfb zffr fLDb mdrtfslvsj ilGfv dbslGw dlstb.
pfsk kfslv nfsKW Hdeufvvf zbcvi zfyvB bf jvsk ifsv.
htf hftA, ilGf rt H mdrtfv dyr, lfnDv dyr bq. nckvfQ jdhv
dbsmv jKf jcvzfb-dhsvfLD }-
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zfu kcdm HDv zfVfst Kfdjqf sbisKA jW jKf!
syfsJ syfsJ zfdu yfdrsk ifv bf; rfsk vdt, ifsq mt,
mfKfv sOfmef, dY]sV sIt bfvD, sHs sIt W dwjt!
sp sOfmef skfmf' jdvqfsY HDv WVfW sn zfhvB!
& ' H) % A& ' E5
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~ 4 N9 @ 1/. X a+ ) ' ' mcndtm mdrtfv dyk, zffr W k]fv vnCstv zbcnvB jvf, sjfb
jdhv zbcnvB jvf kfslv smfse dyk bq. spsrkc swaBDv
jdhkfv jdhslv hAfifsv mrfb zffr jde hfh jKf hstsYb,
1. F <) ' 5<s F ( ' , < & C<D & ( fp' 1/. r5
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zKGf{, zfdm skfmfslvsj ufbfh dj, jfv dbje wqkfb zhkDBG
rq? Wvf skf zhkDBG rq iaskAjde sOfv dmKAfhflD ifdisv dbje.
Wvf jfb sisk Kfsj hQ Wslv zdLjfQw dmKAfhflD. zfv jdhslv
zbcnvB jsv dhf stfsjvf. kcdm dj slJ bf, Wvf t[ArDbHfsh
njt dhNsq jibfdhrfv j'sv Kfsj? hQ kf hst, pf jsv bf. (nCvf
' ) f ' ' n' ) ' 4 % ' % W& mi(G ) f 5' G ' 5;' M
zfvf 221-226 zfqfk)
zhwA jdhv jKfv iv zfmt j'sv `mfeG' rWqf pfsh,
% & E% ' 23' % ' n' "'
% ' % & s' ' s% ' ;
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`iaodkwDtf' (zfnst lcoGdkwDtf) rWqf pfsh, `zfstfjiaff'
(zfnst sbQef) rWqf pfsh. zfv LmGdbvsi[ (LmGrDb)slv dbje sKsj
iaycv iawQnf jcVfsbf pfsh, yfjdv W ncsJv Ov ifWqf pfsh. zhwA
zffrv jfsY ifWqf pfsh `tft-Ov'. nckvfQ pfvf ivjfstv skfqff
jsv bf, kfslv ilGf smsb jD tfH?
zfqfk ilGfv zbAfbA zfqfskv hAfJAf lfb jsv. spsrkc dkiCshG
mc'dmb bfvDslvsj zfslw slWqf rsqsY sp, skfmvf oxsr zhfb
jv. icvNslvsj htf rsqsY sp, sr dhwfdnoB! skfmfslv zbcmdk bf
 ilGfv dhLfb -----------------------------
slWqf rst bhD-oxsr iashw jsvf bf. skfmvf kfv ikDslv dbje
rsk djYc yfst ilGfv zvft rsk yfW. zKGf{ slWqft, lvuf hf
U]fsiv zfVft sKsj yfW. zfv njt dbslGw hfdVv dHkvjfv. Jb
iaw rsh, kfrst mdrtfvf hfdVv hfsv sost jD jvsh? iaswv
v slWqf rsqsY zfqfsk. htf rsqsY, kfvf kfslv yflsvv
djqlQw dbsuslv (mcJmstv) iv sesb slsh. zfv v Ist Osv-
hfsv Hq s[s ilGfv dhLfb dhfdvkHfsh dhhxk rsqsY.
zfqfsk Hfhhfv dhNq vsqsY sp, mrfb zffr `kfvf spb kfslv
yflsvv djqlQw dbsuslv (mcJmstv) iv sesb slq.' jKf
hstbdb sp, kfvf spb `duthfh, drufh, shfvjf hf yflv' isv. jfvB
ivfv yfsk zfsvf zdkdv jmG rt, duthfh hf yflsvv djqlQw
(syrfvfv iv) sesb sbWqf.
zfhDlfr nftmfbD `sesb sbWqf'v hAfJAfq hstsYb, `mfKfv iv
sKsj syrfvfv dlsj sesb sbsh, pfsk (jef) syfJ YfVf zfv djYc slJf
bf pfq.'
hsb zffn hstsYb, `zffr mcdmb mdrtfslvsj zfslw
dlsqsYb sp, kfvf pJb sjfb iasqfusb hfdVv hfsv pfsh, kJb kfslv
mfKfv iv sKsj yflv sIst mcJmtsj sTsj sbsh hQ sjht
jde syfJ shv j'sv vfJsh.' (kfhfvD, hsb zfhD rfskm, hsb mflGfWqfr)
nm ltDt
mrfb zffr hstb,
) f ' J o) ) <{# ) ) % ) J ) 5') f ' J
?5<' % ' ( ' % ) ?5'f % ' J ' ( o) ' {# ' ( % '
F ' , < & C<' <D E5<
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( ) ' r< % <A' ' '
zKGf{, kfslv ubA kfslv dikxoB, icoB, fkxoB, fkcic oB,
HdobDicoB, (dhwfnD) bfvDoB hQ kfslv zdLjfvHc lfn-
lfnDosBv hAfifsv (ilGf) iftb bf jvf zivfL bq. zfv skfmvf
zffrsj Hq jv. dbyq zffr nm djYc iakA[ jsvb. (zfrpfh } 55)
t[BDq sp, mrfb zffr ddJk zfkDqosBv s[s `ilGf iftb bf
jvf zivfL bq' hstsYb. zfv kfv mfsb rt, ddJk stfjslv
YfVf zbA stfsjslv s[s ilGf iftb bf jvf zivfL.
spmb nCvf bCsvW mrfb zffr ilGfv dhLfsb hAdkm djYc mfbcsNv
19 20 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
jKf sJ j'sv hstsYb, kfvf spb kfslv fmD, dikf, wv, ic,
fmDv ic, fkf, fkcic, HdobD-ic, kfslv bfvDoB, dbu
zdLjfvHc lfn, spZbjfmbf-vdrk icvN zKhf bfvDslv sofib z
ns z hftj hAkDk jfvW dbje kfslv snZlpG iajfw bf jsv.
nckvfQ sjfb mc'dmb bfvDv ubA icvNoB YfVf zsbAv nfmsb
shilGf rWqf hL bq.
zfqfskv swNfQsw bfvDslvsj zffrHDdkv zfslw dlsq idvjfv
ufdbsq slWqf rsqsY sp, pdl skfmfslv zsv zffrHDdk Kfsj, ksh
ilGfv sp zfnt swA, (zv W y[cv idhkf hQ skv
drIfpk) kf zhwA nfLb rsh. YfVf Lc hfdrAj ilGf (spmb stfj
ialwGbD ilGf, ncbfm sbWqfv sswA, jfsj Hq hf tf j'sv,
IAfwb msb j'sv, idvshw W idvddkv yfsi hfLA rsq ilGf)
skfmfslvsj ifsi dt rWqf sKsj h]fyfsk ifvsh bf. spsrkc
nQpmwDtkfv sthfn nshfG{jx. (zf'vfI 26 zfqfk)
zm ltDt
mrfb zffr hstb,
1 :? . X+ )i@' ?5@ + ' ) 5s' E5
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zKGf{, skfmvf hAdHyfsvv dbjehkDG rsqf bf, dbyq kf zwDt W
dbjx yvB. (hfbD naft } 32)
t[BDq sp, mrfb zffr hAdHyfsvv dbjehkGD rsk dbsNL jsvsYb.
zKGf{, hAdHyfsvv pk vjm HCdmjf W nCifk zfsY, njt sKsj lCsv
)
( ) 5 ' ] H) ( ) % ' D' 5'
' f & JM Kfjsk rsh. zfv sp mdrtf shilGf Kfsj, sn zfnst dbsuv tffb
5<< ' J ' ( ) 5) ' <)3 J ' ( ) ) ' <{' ' Jcst vfsJ. sn zfnst hAdHyfsvv HCdmjfq dbsuv slsrv djYc zQwsj
166: ~ 4 . X+ ) j' tie icvsNv lxdv nfmsb siw jsv. htf hftA, mdrtfv shilGfv
mfsU vsqsY hAdHyfsvv dYiK. zfv kf h jvf Dblfv mdrtfv
jkGhA. pfsk sn dbsu hAdHyfv W LNGsBv dwjfsv idvBk bf rq.
 ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 21 22 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
zKGf{, zfnmf dhs zfhD hfjXv dnDsjv nfsK rvfm zhfq zfmvf
ncfr sKsj ilGf Wqfsuh rWqfv ltDt zfmfslv syrfvf Tfjkfm. (mczf mfstj 2/328, hsb Jcpfmfr 4/204,
rfsjm 1/454)
mdrtfslvsj ilGf jvsk rsh, ilGfq Kfjsk rsh, shilGf rWqf pfsh bf, 4. mrfbhD hstb,
) #') E& <A; ) & ' % }< ) {' "#
sn hAfifsv ncfrsk iafq ydwde ltDt zfsY. kfv djYc dbsm xk rt. & ' 5< ' & ' <W% ' 5<o#
' ( ' ,E5 ' '% ' % Q
( 5 ' s!<:@ ' ' ' ) 5o# ) $ ' % D' N& ' % P'%
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% ' ( & % i % &% N& ' % P'% V>:%
% ' fp' 'J
zKGf{, smsq mfbcsNv nhef tffb (sofibDq). zfv sn pJb shv
zKGf{, rvfm-h]fLf mdrtf mcsJ dbjfh h]fLsh bf hQ rfsk lfbfW rq, kJb wqkfb kfsj icvsNv lxdsk ncswfHb j'sv skfst. sn
ivsh bf. (zfrmfl, hcJfvD 1838bQ) zffrv shdw dbjehkGD Kfsj, pJb sn dbu hfdVv dHksv Kfsj.
t[BDq sp, r-mvfr jvsk sost mdrtf pJb rvfm h]fLsh, (dkvdmpD 1173, hsb Jcpfmfr 3/93, hsb drfb 5599, hfpXpfv 2061,
kJb sn sp sjfb jfisV h]fLsk ifsv. dj mcsJ ilGfv jfiV h]fLsk dmwjfk 3109 bQ)
hQ rfsk lfbf ivsk ifvsh bf. t[BDq sp, mdrtfv nfvf slref tffb. kfv nfvf slref
zfv kfv mfsb rt, sn jfstv mdrtfvf ilGfv ubA mcsJ dbjfh W rfsk smfrbDq, kf sn smfdrbD, kfv nfvf slref jmbDq, kf sn jfdmbD,
lfbf hAhrfv jvk. zKGf{, iv-icvNsj mcJ-rfk bf slJfsbfv svWqfu kfv nfvf slref vmBDq, kf sn vmBD. kfsj slsJ icvN tftfdqk
bhD -v pcso dYt. kf rvfsmv nmq kf dbdN rsq sot. rq, kf sn ttbf. pJb sn nfmsbv dlsj zfsn, kJb icvN kfv
kf hst kfv mfsb bq sp, rvfm zhfq ilGf sb. hvQ iv- syrfvf W h[}stv iadk njfm lxjifk jsv, zfv pJb siYb dIsv
icvN nfmsb st sn nmsqW mcsJ ilGf sIst sbsh mdrtfvf; rq WVbf pfq, kJb kfv dbksv iadk njfm lxd vfsJ.
dlsq, bf rq mcJ-mfKf sofib jvfv Fht-sbe-Wqftf jfiV dlsq. kf `fwvfIfrfw wfkfb' mfsb rt, (dub) wqkfb kfsj
spmb icvNslvsj dbsNL jvf rsqsY, kfvf rvfm zhfq ifqufmf icvsNv syfsJ swfHbDqf j'sv skfst hQ kfv ns icvsNv msb
ivsh bf. dj kfv mfsb bq sp, kfvf sbQef rsq rvfm h]fLsh. bfbf jfmbf W hfnbf ufoak jsv.
hvQ kfvf tcd hf yflv ivsh. zKhf (mbcNA) wqkfb kfv iadk njfm oHDv lxdsk kfdjsq Kfsj.
2. mf zfsqwf hstb, kfv slr dbsq jibf uosk ifdV slq. jJsbf hfh uosk dIsv sn
Q% ' ' <@' 5<'f) % "5< ' ) ' z5<
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& ' E5i ' ' `HdeduQ' jsv. sj kfsj sisk jfmbf jsv. sj hst, `sht
% ' ' 53' & ' 5 '
k5'& fy} ' ) ' 5 ' ) % ' #' ) 5 ' @) % 9' % ) 5h5i
"ws )
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ifjst jfsjv jD?'
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zKGf{, `jfsItf zfmfslv nfmsb shsq ifv rk, kJb zfmvf
skt!' zfv nclvDsj znclv fmDv nfsK spsk slsJ hst, `jfsjv
zffrv vnCt -v nfsK rvfm zhfq Kfjkfm. kfvf pJb
sE]fse zfcv! ifjf zfm l]fVjfsj Jfq!'
zfmfslv nfmbfnfmdb rk, kJb zfmfslv iaskAsj kfv yflvsj mfKfv
kf bfvDv ubA nxdjkGfv dhLfb t ilGfv. zfv icvsNv iadk
iv sKsj syrfvfq sesb dbk. kfviv kfvf ifv rsq sost zfmvf
dbslGw t,
syrfvf Jcst dbkfm.' (zfrmfl 6/30, zfhC lfl 1833, hfrfjD 5/48, ( ) % & ' 2 ' % ' n' ) "' % & ' & s& & yK ) ' % ' % ) b;
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c;) , , F A% ' ) ' Q%) f) ?' ' @% ' x' ' & 3 $ ' ) % & & 3
% ' ' z5 , ' & 5(f &
% ' ' 5'f ' & & & Bl3 zKGf{, mc'dmbslvsj ht, kfvf spb kfslv lxdsj nQpk jsv hQ
kfslv spZb zsj nfhLfsb nQpk vfsJ; de kfslv ubA zdLjkv
 ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 23 24 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
idh. Wvf pf jsv, dbyq zffr sn dhNsq zhdrk.g (bCv } 30) svsJ mdrtfvf dbsuslv mcJ W hcj sTsj vfJk. mcsJ mbHfsh sOfmef
mrfbhD hstsYb, jhfv buv isV sost zfv dkDqhfv sesb dbk, pfsk jde syfJ YfVf zbA djYc slJf spk bf.
kfdjsq slsJf bf. iaKmhfsvv (zdbYfjxk) buv skfmfv ubA ShL. 7. mf zfsqwf (vfdpqff zfbrf) k]fv ydvs jt slWqfv Oebf
dj dkDqhfsvv buv ShL bq. (zfrmfl, zfhC lfl, dkvdmpD, rfsjm, hBGbf j'sv hstb,
' <%fD) i<Us ) ) )
nrDt ufsm' 7953 bQ) ' ' % '' ) % < ' % ? 9' ' % < G ) ' % ^<( ( & mB G ' G ) P ( ' &% & % E& ' y % ' E5
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iCshGf rflDn sKsj hcUf pfq sp, mdrtfv icsvf slref k, )
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Q& % >' % :<@5s ' % ' iW% ' ]9) ' E5
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F 3#% ) @ 8' s' ~%
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wvmofr, tffb hf sofibDq ufqof. iv-icvsNv lxd rsk kf
sofib jvf Ivp. zhwA bfmfsp rfk W mcJmt (mkfsv ifsqv J' ' e<F <B' ) A' ) 5<<'fB% ( Ap
' ' 5<< ' ) ' ' 5<) <i' % ) ) m<< ) % ' z & % < Bls ) ' < ) ) D5
( ' ' m<<fs' ' D' r<
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ifkf) shv j'sv vfJf ufsqp. YfVf pdl zbA sjfb z bfmfspv D5 ' I@ % % at' % ' eB
msLA shv rsq pfq, kfrst bfmfp hfdkt oBA rq. zKGf{, nfIWqfb dhb mczfft nctfmD zk}iv pfjWqfbD
hbct jfsqm (v}) hstb, `(mdrtfv) sofibf lc vjsmv; j snbflstv swN zQsw dYstb. (dkdb Ocdmsq isVdYstb zKhf iyfsk
bfmfspv sofibf, lc lxdv sofibf. nckvfQ fLDb mdrtfv ubA lc isV Kfjf hv sJ]fu-Jhv sbWqfv ubA snbfhfdrbDv diYsb Kfjfv
rfk W mcJmt sJftf svsJ bfmfp iVf hL. dj hfufv hf stfjftsq jfsu dbsqfduk dYstb.) njfst dkdb zfmfv zhfb-s[s sn
zbcvi pfWqf hL bq.' ('tfmct mczdb 2/80) sjfb Ocm mfbcsNv jfstf zfjxdk slJsk sistb. dkdb zfmfsj
zKGf{, iv-icvsNv lxdsk mdrtfv nfvf slr sofibf. bfmfsp kf slJfmf dysb sItstb. jfvB, ilGfv dbslGw zhkDBG rWqfv iCshG dkdb
bq. spmb mfrfsvm (pfslv nfsK ilGf sb kfslv) lxdskW kfv nfvf zfmfsj slsJdYstb. zk}iv zfmfsj dybsk ifvfv Ist k]fv `f
slref sofibf bq. dtfdr zf tfdr vf-dub' ifE jvfv ws zfdm suso sotfm.
5. zfsqwf (vfdpqff zfbrf) hstb, nfsK nfsK zfdm zfmfv yflv dlsq dbu syrfvf sTsj dbtfm. zffrv
' ' ( ) ) Bl
X ( h) ) & & CD ) ) 5 P&% ?5 )3 &
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)
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%' ' dtfr' ifE YfVf zbA djYc dbdb. (hcJfvD 4141bQ)
zKGf{, iCshGv mcrfduv mdrtfslv iadk zffr vrm jsvb. (nCvf 8. mf zfsqwf (vfdpqff zfbrf) hstb,
bCsvv 31bQ) zfqfk zhkDBG rst kfvf kfslv idvsLq jfiVnmCsrv C<D ' ' 2<y' % ' J' eB + ' ) ' N+ ' ' % Q35 % ' ' ' 5 ' ): ' 5d )
' & 5d
)
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msLA nhsysq smfef jfiVdesj dY]sV mfKfv WVbf hfdbsq mfKf (OfV- T ) & 35<s % ' ,5<'f% ' D' r<y ' % ' % ' 5 ' ) ' 5 ' ' N& ' % @' 5;' :5>s ' ' ' ) 5 ( ' % & % & BD ' & 5 ' ] ' s' ,5 ' s& ) ;
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otf-hcj-mcJ) sTsjdYt. (zfhC lfl 4102bQ) k) ) <;' H) ' 2}: ( ' ' ' ' & 3#( ) ' m:) % ' H) ) & @9 & ' ' e + ' ) 9' zUyA35s
% ' ' ' % ' :Q% ' 5W' ,r ' ) &%' ' %'
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) ) ) ^<' ' & <BD ' ' ' ,m:) ' 5 ' -i
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& ) ' 5d
( A: ) ' )&
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zKGf{, (nCvf zfrpfshv 59bQ) zfqfk zhkDBG rst (mlDbfv)
zfbnfvslv mdrtfvf pJb shv rt, kJb kfslv mfKfq (jfstf) yflv zKGf{, ilGfv dhLfb zhkDBG rWqfv iv j vfs nfWlf dbsuv
(hf smfef WVbf) slsJ msb rdYt, spb Wslv mfKfq jfstf jfsjv iasqfusb hfsv sostb. dkdb lDOGjfq mdrtf dYstb, sp k]fsj dybk,
U]fj hsn zfsY! (zfhC lfl 4101 bQ) kfv jfsY (k]fv idvyq) sofib Kfjk bf. kJb mfv dhb Jffh
sn pcso hkGmfsbv shfvjf iaydtk bf KfjstW WVbf hf yflv mfKfq k]fsj slJstb hQ htstb, `sr nfWlf! zffrv jnm! skfmfv
 ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 25 26 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
idvyq zfmfslv zufbf bq. nckvfQ kcdm sHsh slJ, kcdm jDHfsh shv z5
& ' _:P & ) ' )3
, ' ' &% & A5 G ' '
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zfmfv Osv dYstb. dkdb vfskv Jfhfv JfdYstb. k]fv rfsk dYt j
ecjvf (sofwXk-Wqftf) rfd. dkdb iashw j'sv htstb, `sr zffrv zKGf{, skfmfslv nhGswa D sn, sp siammqD, zdLj nfblfD, sp
vnCt! zfdm zfmfv djYc (uvvD) iasqfusb shv rsqdYtfm. dj mfv (fmDv) nrmk zhtb jsv, (fmDsj dhisl-swfsj) nfbf slq
zfmfsj jKf htstb.'(zfsqwf hstb,) nckvfQ zffr k]fv hQ sn nfsK zffrv Hq vfsJ. zfv skfmfslv nhsysq Jfvfi smsq
iadk zrD zhkDBG jvstb. zk}iv zrDv zhf lCvDHCk rt. kfvf, pfvf shilGf, zrQjfvD, kfvf jie bfvD, kfslv msLA tft vsMv
kJbW rfd k]fv rfsk Lvf dYt, svsJ slbdb. zk}iv dkdb sE]fe W if-dhdw jfsjv mk (dhvt) nQJAj shsrs pfsh. (hfrfjD
7/82, dn} nrDrfr 1849bQ)
htstb, skfmfslv ubA zbcmdk slWqf rsqsY sp, skfmvf skfmfslv t[BDq sp, shilGf zrQjfvD smsqsj nhsysq Jfvfi smsq htf
iasqfusb shv rsh. (hcJfvD 4795bQ) rsqsY. pfvf shilGfq Kfsj kfvf mcndtm mdrtf rstW kfslv msLA
t[BDq sp, mfv nfWlf (vfdpqff zfbrf)-sj k]fv tf slr mcbfdIjD B vsqsY. spsrkc nfLfvBk} mcbfdIj hf jie smsqvf
slsJ dybsk sisvdYstb, k]fv syrfvf slsJ bq. spsrkc ilGfv dhLfb ilGfq Kfjsk yfq bf. J]fyfq spmb ifdJ Kfjsk yfq bf, shv rsq sV
zhkDBG rWqfv iv kJbjfv mdrtfvf syrfvf sTsj dbsuslv spsk yfq, mcbfdIj spmb mndusl Kfjsk yfq bf, shv rWqfv ubA
iasqfusb hfsv shv rskb. YeIe jsv, mfY spmb ifsV Kfjsk yfq bf, ifdbsk iVfv ubA
9. sm zfdkqAfr hstb, kVifsk Kfsj, mcbfdIj smsqW skmdb ilGfq Kfjsk yfq bf. iaw
) "' -' <d% c<p ) % ) % ) ( & ' ) l3
z ' ' (& ' ' ' ' % 2<4 ' % ' ' ) <y % & E% ' ) & @9 & ' 53' ' ' ' hfdV rstW kfv syZrdv msLA zfh Kfjsk kfv lm h rsq zfsn.
' @9 ' )) %
& ' 5;' Q& % W& rB P&% N' ' D% ' ' a
' % ' % E' % ' };% ' ' N' ' ( ' % ~: & % 5 ( Us' ' 9) & &%
) ' % ' s' -& ( d shfvjf hf yflv ivst ovsm YeXIeX jsv. ilGfsj iaodkv zvfq
) ) & % & 5 ' )i% :& ) 5W ' ' $ 5i' % ) 5' ' E& A& ;' 'J 53' ' % )# )
5h5i ' ) ' % % 5 ' :{ % Hfsh, nHAkfv idviD LfvBf jsv. mb smsqvf uffsk pfsh bf.
`zfmfslvsj zffrv vnCt zfslw dlsqsYb sp, zfmvf spb zhwA kWrDl W zbAfbA sbj zfmstv sB sj sostW spsk ifsv,
djswfvD, kcmkD W ilGfbwDb jcmfvD mdrtfslvsj lct dIkv W ksh kfv nQJAf sbrfk boBA.
zfprfsk (Ov sKsj lofsr) shv jdv. ksh kcmkD mdrtf bfmfspv 10. vnCtcfr hstb,
' f 5<h' ) E' & ;
|5<( ) % ' ) >i' ' % ) 53"U $ ' @) % & ' ' =$ % W' 59
' % ' ' 5 ) ) )
' & ' ' % ' 95() f ) % ' % E5y%' f
fb sKsj lCsv Kfjsh. kfvf zbAfbA mt W mcndtmslv lczfv ubA
) ) ) % % eBf@U ) ) $ ' 5) ' z $ ' ) & z5;95D $ ' ) ' z5 ) ' ?5 )3
idk rsh.' ' % {& % <;' 'J e' 5P'% Qli & ' % ' ' ( & @& ?9 & & z $ ' @5 $ ' '
) ) ) ) ' 'J ' e(' f
dkdb hstb, zfdm httfm, `sr zffrv vnCt! zfmfslv jfsvf jfsvf ^' ' ' ^' ' Na ' ' % & ' & ' 5 ' K9 ' ) E# ' ) E' %
( ) ' 5 ' K9 '%
yflv bf Kfjst?' sv dkdb htstb, kfv sjfb shfb kfsj dbu zKGf{, lc swaBDv mfbcN ufrffmhfnD rsh pfslvsj Jsbf zfdm
(zdkdv zKhf idvdrk hV) yflv ivsk slsh. (hcJfvD 324, 974, sldJdb. kmsLA iaKm swaBD rt sn stfj, pfslv ns Kfjsh ovv
mcndtm 890bQ)
duthfh hf yflv jDHfsh ivsk rq, kf zfhDlfr nftmfbD hstsYb, stsuv mskf yfhcj; pfv fvf kfvf stfsjslvsj iarfv jvsh. zfv
`mfKfv iv sKsj (syrfvfq sOfmef) sesb sbsh, pfsk syfJ YfVf djYc dkDq swaBD rt sn mdrtflt, pfvf jfiV ivf nsW spb t
slJf bf pfq.' Kfjsh, vf (iv icvNsj dbsuv iadk) zfjx jvsh hQ dbsuvfW
t[BDq sp, sn yflv ivfv dbslGw ilGf jvfv ubA dYt, bfmfspv ubA bq. (kfv iadk) zfjx rsh; kfslv mfKf rsh drst pfWqf sev jcsu] v
spsrkc kcmkDW yflv isv lofsr shv rk; zKy kfv bfmfp dYt bf. mk. kfvf uffk iashw jvsh bf hQ kfv ncoW ifsh bf. zKy kfv
9. vnCtcfr hstb, nco k-k lCvhkDG fb rsk ifWqf pfsh. (mcndtm 2128bQ)
 ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 27
t[BDq sp, rflDsn j swaBDv shilGf shrfqf ufrffmD mdrtfv
jKf htf rsqsY. pfslv ydv rsh }-
(j) kfvf jfiV ivf nsW spb t Kfjsh, zKGf{, kfvf ifktf
zKhf (iv dlj sKsj hf dbsyv dlj sKsj) sJftf sthfn idvLfb
jvsh. pfv Ist kfslv slsrv zsbjfQw slJf pfsh. spmb hfsvf rfk
wfVDskW zsbj mdrtf sbQef Kfsj. ifktf rWqfv jfvsB kfslv
zhGfn W slsrv zsbj djYc slJf pfq. zsbsjv mfKf sJftf Kfsj.
zsbsjv sie-diE, hvQ bfdHv dbsyv zsbjfQw lm Kfsj!
(J) kfvf (iv icvNsj dbsuv iadk) zfjx jsv hQ dbsuvfW
(kfv iadk) zfjx rq. zfjNGBjfvD rfhHfsh, yftytsb, Hdsk-
wfvfsk, rfdn W yfrdbsk, smfrbDq jKf, ofb, out W jcvzfb ifsE
(!) iv-icvNsj zfjNGB jsv. kfvf iv-icvsNv nfmfbA dsk
dbsusj n]si dlsk yfq. spZbfshlbmqD zfyvB ialwGb jsv.
rflDsn `mftfk' (zfjxf)v hAfJAfq zsbsj hstsYb, pfvf
mfKfv jifsw h]fjf dn]dK jfse. pf nfLfvBk} shwAfslv zHAfn.
(wfvb bWhD })
zsbsj hstsYb, kfv mfsb kfvf snZlpG-ohG W iaotXHkfv nfsK
drst-lcst ytfsIvf jsv.
djYc mdrtf zfsY, kfvf ilGfq sKsjW iv-icvN zfjNGB jsv. hfdVv
Yfsl, hfvflfq, lvufq hf ufbftfq ]dj-U]dc j smsv zKhf syrfvfv
sOfmef hf ilGfq zfLf ilGf j'sv zKhf utust sbjfh isv
zfuhHfsh zfjNGB jsv. lGc jdh hstb,
`nfI slJkD HD sbr]D, nfmsb zfkD HD sbr]D,
r jAfqnf ilGf rAfq sj dytmb sn tso hqED rAfq.'
vf smfrbDq lxdsk zfV-syfsJ syfvf-yfrdbsk kfdjsq icvNsj
zfjNGB jsv. zKy jfm-busv iv-icvN slJf bfvDv ubAW hL bq.
(o) kfslv mfKf rq drst pfWqf s]ev jcsu ] v mskf. kfvf mfKfv
isv sJ]fif h]fsL. pfsk ycstv idvmfB hcdUsq iv-icvsNv lxd zfjNGB
jvf pfq. dbsuv yct jm Kfjst ivyctf sh]sLW sJ]fif smfef slJfq!
v idvBfsm kfvf ivjfst ufrffmD rsh. zfv rjfst kfvf
zdHwf. iaskAj mc'dmb kfslvsj zdHwfi slq.
zffrv vnCt hstsYb, zfmfv swN pfmfbfv mskv msLA djYc
mb stfj rsh pfvf Osvv mk dubX (smfev ofdV)sk nWqfv rsq
28 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
mnduslv lvufq lvufq bfmsh. (ofdV jsv bfmfp iVsk zfnsh.)
zfv kfslv mdrtfvf rsh zLGbof; pfslv mfKf jxw ]sev jcs] uv mk
(sJ]fif) rsh. skfmvf kfslvsj zdHwfi jsvf. jfvB, kfvf
zdHwf!--- (zfrmfl, 2/223, hsb drfb, kfhfvfbD, dntdntfr nrDrfr 2683bQ)
11. mrfbhD sn mdrtfsj slJfv zbcmdk dlsqsYb, pfsj
dhhfsrv iqofm slWqf rq.
mcoDvf dhb 'hfr hstb, zfdm bhD -v jfsY sn j mdrtfv
jKf sJ jvtfm, pfsj zfdm dhhfsrv iafh slh. dkdb htstb,
`pfW, kcdm kfsj slsJ bfW. jfvB kf skfmfslv mfsU iaDdk nxdv shdw
zbcjCt.' nckvfQ zfdm zfbnfvslv jde smsqv hAfifsv kfv hfi-
mfsj dhhfsrv iafh ufbftfm hQ (slJfv hAfifsv) bhD -v jKf
ufdbsq dltfm. dj kfvf spb slJfv hAfifvef ziYl jvt. smsqde
(dHkv sKsj) jKf sb htt, `pdl zffrv vnCt zfibfsj
slJfv dbslGw dlsqsYb, kfrst dEj zfsY. kf bf rst zfdm zfibfsj
zffrv jnm dldY (zfidb zfmfsj slJsk yfshb bf). nckvfQ
(zbcmdk rst) zfdm kfsj slJtfm hQ dhhfr jvtfm. (zfrmfl 4/244,
zf} vfpXpfj 10335, hsb zfhD wfhfr 4/355, hfrfjD 7/84, lfvfjckbD 31bQ)
ufshv hstb, zffrv vnCt hstsYb,
) ' ) #' ) k D& % ; 5 #' ) 5 %f ) & %f; E% ' 5:@ % ) ' N' ' % P%' % & & ' ' V{ ')
% y
' % ' % s' 5 ' 5A3 & ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' % Ews ' ' ' "#
zKGf{, sp hAd sjfb mdrtfsj dhhfsrv iqofm slq, sn pdl kfv
mb dudbn slJsk n[m rq, pf kfsj dhhfr jvsk {nfdrk jsv,
kfrst sn spb kf jsv.
nckvfQ zfdm hfbD nfstmfv jde smsqsj dhsqv iafh dlst zfdm
kfsj slJfv ubA sJucv ofsYv ]dVv zfVfst tcdjsq Kfjkfm.
zk}iv j nmq kfv mb djYc slJtfm, pf zfmfsj dhhfr jvsk
{nfdrk jvt hQ dhhfr jvtfm. (zfrmfl 3/334, hsb zfhD wfhfr 17389bQ)
diaq bhD hstb, pJb skfmfslv sj sjfb vmBDsj dhhfr iafh
slq, kJb pdl iafshv ubA kfsj slsJ, ksh kf lCNBDq bq; pdlW
vmBD kf ufbsk bf ifsv. (dn} nrDrfr 97bQ)
isv ddJk rflDndt sKsj hcUf pfq sp, sn pcsov mcndtm
mdrtfvf ilGfq Kfjskb. dhhfsrv iasqfusb kfslvsj slJfsbf rk
zKhf slJf slWqfv zbcmdk slWqf rk. icvsNv nfmsb ilGfq Kfjk
hst tcdjsq slJsk rk. kfslvsj pdl syrfvf sJftf zhfq `se]f-se]f
sjfifbD' smsqslv mskf isK-hfufsv slJf spk, kfrst skf tcdjsq
 ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 29
slJfv iasqfub rk bf. zhwA mb tcdjsq slJf sjht mdrtfsj
dhhfsrv ifjfifdj dbqskv iv hL. bsy{ bf.
12. mrfbhD iv-icvsNv dbje sjfb iv-bfvDv slr-snZlpG
hBGbf jvsk dbsNL jsvsYb.
dkdb hstsYb, sjfb mdrtf spb sjfb mdrtfsj (bo) zfdtb
j'sv zk}iv sn kfv fmDv dbje kf hBGbf bf jsv. (pfsk kf wcsb
kfv fmD) spb mdrtfsj (msb) iakA[ lwGb j'sv Kfsj. (hcJfvD,
mcndtm 338bQ)
dkdb zfsvf hstsYb sjfb icvN zbA icvsNv fsv dlsj spb
bf kfjfq. sjfb bfvD zbA bfvDv fsbv dlsj spb bf kfjfq. sjfb
icvN zbA icvsNv ns j jfisV spb (t) wqb bf jsv.
(zbcviHfsh) sjfb bfvD, zbA bfvDv nfsK j jfisV spb (t)
wqb bf jsv. (mcndtm)
t[BDq sp, mdrtfvf shilGf rst kfv snZlpG hBGbf jvfv iasqfub
isV bf. ilGf Kfsj hst j mdrtf zbA mdrtfv vi-snZlpG slsJ
dbu fmDsj hBGbf jsv. zfv kf dbdN.
zbcvi sjfb icvN pdl ziv icvsNv fsv dlsj kfjfsk bf ifsv,
kfrst sjfb mdrtfv dlsj skf kfjfsk ifsv bf. jfvB, iv-icvsNv
lxdsk mdrtfv nfvf slref f---spmb iCshG ddJk rsqsY.
13. ilGf Wqfsuh hst mf zfsqwf (vfdpqff zfbrf) zfItfr
bfmj k]fv lcL-nisjGv j yfyfsj k]fv dbje iashw-zbcmdk slbdb.
dkdb ilGf jvst zfItfr htstb, `kcdm zfmfsj ilGf jvY. zKy
zfdm skfmfv yfyf!' zffrv vnCt htstb, `Wsj zbcmdk lfW. W
skfmfv yfyf.' (hcJfvD 2644, 4796bQ)
t[BDq sp, sp icvN mdrtfv mfrvfm (pfv nfsK dyvksv dhhfr rfvfm
mb) bq, kfv nfsK slJf jvf zKhf kfsj hfdV iashswv zbcmdk
slWqf hL bq. hvQ kfv nfmsb ilGf jvf Wqfsuh.
14. zfsnm zfrWqft hstb, zfmvf rfInf dhs nDvDsbv dbje
spkfm. (kJb dkdb hx mdrtf. zKy) yflv dlsq syrfvf sTsj ilGfq
Kfjskb. jlf zfmvf k]fsj httfm, zffr zfibfv iadk vrm
jvb. zffr skf hstsYb,
% ' ' E' 5<'
' <; ' ) E' < & % ;' J' \) ( < ?5 ' <,f ' < ) & <D) ' >' % '
$ f & ( ) % <' D' ' % <' s' 5< + 5A3
9 <<f N9 @ 1v. {e'F f;~) ) z5
30 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
zKGf{, hx bfvD; pfvf dhhfsrv zfwf vfsJ bf, kfslv ubA zivfL sb;
pdl kfvf kfslv snZlpG ialwGb bf j'sv kfslv hdrhGfn Jcst vfsJ.
dj dkdb htstb, `kfviv jD zfsY ht?' zfmvf httfm,
9 <<f N9 @ 1v. { ( & ' a{ % ) % ' % ;' E% ' '
$ % ' ' yy:
zKGf{, ksh sKsj kfslv dhvk Kfjf kfslv ubA m. (bCv } 60)
dkdb htstb, `kfrst yflv dlsq ilGf jvf skf iamfB rq. (kf
bq dj?)' (hfrfjD 7/93)
ilGf Wqfsuh rWqfv hAfifsv nhGhfdlnmdk
ilGf Wqfsuh rWqfv hAfifsv njt mprfh jmk. p]fvf hstb, rfk
W syrfvf slJfsbf hL, k]fvfW hstb, dIkbfv Hq Kfjst kfW hL
bq. zfv sj ufsb sp, kfv syrfvf slsJ sjfb iv-icvN dIkbfq
iVsh bf? nckvfQ mfrv yCVf Ifqnftf sp mcndtm mdrtfv
ubA ilGfv dhLfb smsb ytf Wqfsuh. sjfb mb icvsNv lxdsk zfnf
kfv ubA hL bq, pfv nfsK sjfbW nmq kfv dhhfr rWqf hL.
wvDqsk ilGfv mfb
hAfifsv tfmfosBv lc'de zdHmk vsqsY }-
1. bhD -v ikDoB nr njt mcndtm bfvDv ubA nfvf slr ilGf
jvf Wqfsuh. (bf jvst jfhDvf sofbfr rsh.)
2. bhD -v ikDoB YfVf hfjD njt mcndtm bfvDv ubA nfvf slr
ilGf jvf mcfrfh. (jvst nWqfh rsh, bf jvst sofbfr rsh bf.)
nckvfQ hcUf pfq sp, bhD -v ikDoBsj syrfvf sTsj ilGf jvf
Wqfsuh dYt.--- hAfifsv njst jmk.
zbAfbA mdrtfslv s[s ilGfq mcJ Tfjf Wqfsuh zKhf mcfrfh.
hAfifsv mksHl vsqsY.
p]fvf syrfvf Tfjf mcfrfh hstsYb, k]fvf syrfvf Tfjf m
hstsYb. zfv syrfvf sJftfv s[s wkGfsvfi jsvsYb sp, mdrtf
dIkbf sKsj dbvfil Kfjsh.
dIkbfv zfwf Kfjsh kJb, pJb mdrtf nclvD rsh zKhf pchkD
F _:' at' h5 )
' ,' & '% ( &' '
rsh. kfv syrfvf pfvf slJsh, kfvf ififyfvD Ifsnj rsh. mb rst
 ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 31
k]fslv jfsYW syrfvf Tfjf Wqfsuh.
zkh hcUf sot sp, dIkbfv zfwf Kfjst njstv jA msk
mdrtfv syrfvf sofib jvf Wqfsuh. zfv mdrtf pJb dbu hfdV sKsj
shv rq, kJb sn dj ufbsk ifsv, kfsj sp slJsh sn Ifsnj dj bf?
hfvhfv sp mdrtfv dlsj kfjfq, sn zhwA Ifsnj. nckvfQ kfv iChG
nkjGkfmCtj zfmt rsh hfdV sKsj shv rWqfv zfso dbsusv
syrfvf sTsj sbWqf.
sp mdrtf hAfifsv wdKtA ialwGb jvsh, sn sofbfrofv rsh. zfv
kfv sofbfr rsh jfhDvf, pf kWhf YfVf mfI rsh bf.
ilGfv dhLfb dyvb
ufsrtD pcsov ydvhkD nf mdrtfvf ilGf jvk.
zfmfslv slsw h zmcndtm mdrtfslv msLA JbW ilGf W sOfmef
t[A jvf pfq.
ntfsmv sn BGpco sKsj druvDv 15 wkfdv pfh{ Dblfv
mdrtfvf ilGfv dhLfb smsb zfnsY. hAfifsv dhdY lc-jde Oebf
sJA }-
mfq j nclvD mdrtf dYt. kfv fmDW dYt. jdlb zfqbfq
dbsuv nclv syrfvfJfbf slsJ kfv fmDsj htt, `zfidb dj msb
jsvb sp, syrfvf sj slJsh zKy dIkbfq iVsh bf? (sn zfmfv
siasm iVsh bf?) mb sj zfsY dj?' fmD htt, `r]Af, zfsY.' D
htt, `sn sj?' fmD htt, `hfl dhb mfv.' (dkdb jub skfmfv zfwf iCBG jvsk yf, kfrst dj kcdm JcwD rsh?'
zfstm W zfshl mfbcN. rfvfsm hsn hflk jsvb hQ tXm dhkvB
jsvb.) D htt, `zfidb zfmfsj zbcmdk dlb, zfdm k]fsj dIkbfq
sIth.' fmD htt, `skfmfsj zbcmdk dltfm. (dj kcdm k]fsj
dIkbfq sItsk ifvsh bf.)'
mdrtf Iskfqf dufnfv hfrfbfq rfvfsmv j iafs k]fv jfsY
idk rsq y]fslv mskf syrfvf iajfw jvt. hfl htstb, `Wsr
zffrv hflD! jD!?' sn htt, `zfdm zfibfv siasm isVdY.
zfidb zfmfv hAfifsv sHsh slJcb.'
hfl htstb, `zfdm skfmfsj jsqjde dudbn dufnf jdv, kcdm
pdl dEj dEj v lfW, kfrst zfdm skfmfv hAfifsv sHsh slJsk
ifdv.'
32 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
mdrtf htt, `zfidb pf dufnf jvshb, zfdm kfv dEj dEj v
slh.'
hfl htstb, `mftfjct mfWk sn pdl skfmfv ufb jhp jvsk
yfq, zfv sn nmq zfdm skfmfv zfwf iCBG jvsk yf, kfrst dj kcdm
JcwD rsh?'
---zffrv jnm! bf.
--- dEj hstY. pdl kcdm jhsv Kfj hQ skfmfsj dufnfhfl jvfv
ubA dIdvwXkf dEsq hdnsqsYb, zfv sn nmq zfdm skfmfv zfwf iCBG
jvsk yf, kfrst dj kcdm JcwD rsh?'
---zffrv jnm! bf.
--- dEj hstY. djqfmskv mfsE mfbcNsj kfv zfmtbfmf slWqf
rsY. zfv kcdm ufb bf sp, kcdm skfmfv zfmtbfmf Ffb rfsk ifsh,
bfdj hfm rfsk. zfv sn nmq pdl zfdm skfmfv zfwf iCBG jvsk yf,
kfrst dj kcdm JcwD rsh?'
---zffrv jnm! bf.
--- dEj hstY. kcdm ict-dnvfskv sofVfsk l]fdVsq HfhY, idvfB
ifsh, bfdj ifsh bf. zfv sn nmq pdl zfdm skfmfv zfwf iCBG jvsk
yf, kfrst dj kcdm JcwD rsh?'
---zffrv jnm! bf.
--- dEj hstY. mDpfb nfmsb rfduv j'sv skfmfv zfmt Wub jvf
rsh. kcdm ufb bf sp, HfvD rsh, bf rff. zfv sn nmq pdl zfdm
---zffrv jnm! bf.
--- dEj hstY. zffrv nfmsb skfmfsj l]fV jvfsbf rsqsY, skfmfv
drnfh sbWqf rsh. zfv sn nmq pdl zfdm skfmfv zfwf iCBG jvsk
yf, kfrst dj kcdm JcwD rsh?'
---zffrv jnm! bf.
hfl htstb, `kfrst zffrv hflD kcdm zffrsj Hq jv.
zffr skfmfsj (snZlspGv) hV dbqfmk dlsqsYb hQ skfmfv iadk
hV zbcoar jsvsYb.'
nckvfQ mdrtf fmDv jfsY dIsv sot. dufnf jvt, `jD rt?'
mdrtf htt, `zfidb shjfv. zfmvf nhf shjfv!'
zk}iv sn bfmfp-svfpf W hflsk zdLj msbfspfoD rt. kfv Ist
 ilGfv dhLfb -----------------------------
kfv fmD htk, `hfl dhb mfvsj jD hdt? zfmfv hsj dkdb
b j'sv dlstb. sn iaskAj vfs zfmfv ubA bkcb jsb dYt. kfsj
dkdb kfinD j'sv dlstb!' (dnjfk, utD 2/118)
druvD 286 nsb `vf'v jfpDv dbje j mdrtf mcjffmf lfsqv
jvt. kfv zdHHfhsjv nfsK dmst fmDv dhvs sn kfv smfrvfbf
hfhl 500 dlvrfm zflfq bf slWqfv zdHspfo jvt. jfpD nf[D
kth jvst nf[D idk jvf rt. dj nf[Alfkfvf mdrtfdesj
sybfv ubA kfv syrfvf slJfsk zbcsvfL ufbfstf. Jhv fmDv jfsb
sost jfpDv nfmsb htt, `zfdm Djfv jvdY sp, 500 dlvrfm zfmfv
Dv ifWbf. zfdm pKfnmsq kfsj kf zflfq j'sv slh. nf[Dv lvjfv
sb. W spb syrfvf bf sJfst!'
Jhv Dv dbje sost snW zffr zk}iv jfpDsj nf[D svsJ
htt, `zfdmW zfmfv fmDv dbje sKsj iafiA smfrvfbfv lfhD
iakAfrfv jsv dbdY hQ lcdbqf W zfsJvfskv ubA Wsj [mf j'sv
dldY.' (zft-mcfpfm 12/402, zft-dhlfqfr zbX-dbrfqfr 11/81)
pcdv dbjsN ilGf
wvDqskv jde zfm smZdtj bDdk sp,
,5< fD < ~ 5 5<@ <@5yP 95A3# ,5 D d 5 5@ 5P 9 W#
5<# < <9 U s p y CD e 9 e 5{ : Q35 5 As
m<o < s : < C<D e< 9 e< 5{ p <y Q<35 5 , 5i:@
;~fp mo
zKGf{, jtAfB W kfv pfhkDq ifq-ijvB hrft vfJf rsh hQ
mfbcNsj kfv iadk c jvf rsh. zfv zjtAfB W kfv pfhkDq
ifq-ijvB bfjy jvf rsh hQ mfbcNsj sn hAfifsv dkvfv jvf
rsh. nckvfQ pf dhHfsh jtAfBjv zKhf pfv msLA zjtAfsBv
yfsk jtAfB shdw zfsY, kf jvsk mfbcN zfdl, kf jvf Wqfsuh
zKhf mcfrfh. pf dhHfsh zjtAfBjv zKhf pfv msLA jtAfsBv
yfsk zjtAfB shdw zfsY, kf huGb jvsk mfbcN zfdl, kf jvf
rfvfm zKhf mjvr.
zfmvf pdl iv-icvsNv nfmsb mdrtfv syrfvf Jcst vfJfv jKf dbsq
sHsh sldJ, kfrst slJsk ifh sp, kfsk zsbj dhO W dhid vsqsY.
33 34 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
zfv kfsk ijfv KfjstW kf p{ nfmfbA, zijfdvkfv dncsk
jsqj dhlc ifdbv mskf. (dvnftfkct drufh, hsb NfmDb 22ix})
shilGf rsq syrfvf Jcst vfJfq sp njt dhO W dhid vsqsY, kf
dbmvi }-
1. mdrtf dbsu dhiloa rq. kfv snZlpG slsJ tie icvNvf iatc
rq. zfv mdrtfv nhsysq hV w kfv spZhb W slr. kf sJftf vfJst
wsj sttfsbf rq. shilGf rsq Kfjst Jft sjse jcmDv zfbf rq.
slsrv djYc zQw Jcst spb htf rq, `zfqsv hfO! otfq tfo.'
2. shilGf rst mdrtfv tf-wvm yst pfq, sp tf mfsbv
zbAkm zQw. sp tf mdrtfv iajdx k W bfvDv HCNB. nckvfQ shilGf
rWqfv zKG rt dbsuv mfb W iajdx kv idvshw sKsj lCsv nsv zfnf.
zffrv vnCt hstb, zhwA tfwDtkf W mfb j nCs
o]fKf. jde yst sost zivdeW yst pfq. (rfsjm, dmwjfk 5094,
nrDt ufsm 1603bQ)
dkdb zfsvf hstb, zwDtkf (dbtGkf) sp dhNsq Kfsj, sn
dhNqsj kf snZlpGrDb (mfb) j'sv sIst. zfv tfwDtkf sp dhNsq
Kfsj, sn dhNqsj kf snZlpGmq (msbfrv) j'sv skfst. (nrDr
dkvdmpD 1607 bQ, hsb mfufr)
ubA bfvDv tfwDtkf kfv vi-snZlpG zsi[f shwD
zfjNGBDq. tfhkD bfvD tfrDbfv yfsk shwD nclvD. zfv pfv
tf sb, sn shfvjf ivstW shilGf. jfisVv zfhvB kfsj sofib
vfJsk ifvsh bf. spsrkc sn pf JcwD kf jvsk ifsv. spsrkc sn
jfsjW tf jsv bf. zffrv vnCt hstb, iaKm bhczskv
;
hfBDnmCsrv pf stfsjvf sisqsY kfv msLA jde hfBD sp, skfmfv
tf bf Kfjst pf mb, kf jv. (zfrmfl, hcJfvD, zfhC lfl, hsb
mfufr, nrDt ufsm 2230bQ)
sk sjfb nslr sb sp, ilGfbwDb mdrtfvf ydvhkD rq. spsrkc
kfvf tfwDtf rq. zfv zffrv vnCt hstb, iaskAj LsmG
nydvkf zfsY, ntfsmv nydvkf rt tfwDtkf. (hsb mfufr,
nrDt ufsm 2149bQ)
mcsJ tfhkD htst rq bf. jfsu hcUf pfsh tfhkD sj?
iajkx tfwDtkf mfbcNsj tf jvfv bfm bq, iajk
x tfwDtkf
rt zffrsj tf jvfv bfm.
jlf mrfbhD htstb, skfmvf zffrsj pKfpKHfsh tf
 ilGfv dhLfb -----------------------------
jv. njst htt, `sr zffrv bhD! zfmvf skf--zftrfmlc dtfr--
zffrsj tf j'sv Kfdj.' dkdb htstb, bf, vi bq. zffrsj
pKfpKHfsh tf jvfv zKG sp, mfKf W kfv nQpc zbAfbA z
(duH, syfJ hQ jfb)sj (zShL iasqfo rsk) drIfpk jvsh, sie W
kfv nQdw z (dt, rfk, if W rlq)sj (k]fv zhfLAfyvB W
rfvfm rsk) drIfpk jvsh hQ mvB W kfv iv rfV mfde rsq
pfWqfv jKf (nhGlf) nvsB vfJsh. zfv sp hAd ivjft (W kfv
ncJmq uDhb) ifWqfv Yf vfsJ, sn rjfstv snZlpG idvrfv jvsh.
sp hAd nh djYc jsv, sn iajkx is[ zffrsj pKfpKHfsh tf
jsv. (zfrmfl 1/387, nrDr dkvdmpD 2000bQ, rfsjm 4/323)
nckvfQ sp mdrtfv msLA tfwDtkf zfsY, sn sjfbdlb shilGf rsk
ifsv bf.
3. zsbj icvN shilGf mdrtf slsJ dIkbfoa rq. dhswN j'sv
nclvD rst kfv siasm isV pfq. shilGf mdrtfv nfsK syfJfsyfdJ,
rfnfrfdn, jKfhfkGf kAfdl rsq Kfsj. mfbcsNv mb mliahB zfv
wqkfb sn msbv hV nrspfoD. vdwvfq iahfdrk rsq jfmbf nxd
jsv pchj-pchkDv mfsU. kfviv LDsv LDsv pf rq, kf htfv zsi[f
vfsJ bf.
4. shilGf rst mdrtf icvNslv nfsK Ef-hnf jsv, smtfsmwf jsv.
zfv ilGfq sKsjW icvNslv nfsK smtfsmwf jvst kfv dhid jm
bq. kfrst shilGf rsq jvst skf hfvslv jfsY zfb hse.
mrfbhD hstb, zfmfv ok rWqfv isv icvsNv is[ bfvDv sysq
zdLjkv [dkjv sjfb dIkbf zbA djYc sYsV pfdY bf. (zfrmfl,
hcJfvD 5096, mcndtm 2740bQ, dkvdmpD, hsb mfufr)
dkdb zfsvf hstb, lcdbqf rt ncdm W wAfmt. dbyq zffr
skfmfslvsj kfsk JtDIf hfdbsqsYb, pfsk dkdb slsJ sbb sp, skfmvf
sjmb zfmt jv. zkh skfmvf lcdbqf W bfvDv hAfifsv nkjGkf
zhtb jv. zfv susb svsJf sp, hbD nvfstv iaKm dIkbf pf
dYt, kf dYt bfvDsj sj j'sv. (zfrmfl, mcndtm 2742, dkvdmpD
2191, hsb mfufr 4000 bQ)
zfv nxdjkGf mrfb zffr hstsYb,
E BD ] N9 @ 1/u. {?5 ' ,f ' ) z
)
' ' }( V ) f ) ' ;
G & |5(
zKGf{, bfvDv iadk zfnd mfbcsNv dbje stfHbDq jvf
35 36 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
rsqsY. (zfst mvfb } 14)
bfvDv nxdok ydv ef. vmBD slJst vmsBv Yf rq, jfdmbD
slJst jfm ufso msb. zfv kfv ubA skf mdrtfv ubA mb nh
jKf htf rsqsY, pfsk kfv mpGflf [cB rq. dj sn nh jKf zfnst
zdHkft. ksh nh bfvDv s[s kf iaspfuA bq.
spmb uSbj dhfb hstsYb, `smsqvf hV mcwdjt dudbn. zfv nh
yfsk hV mcwdjt rt, kfslvsj bf dbsq nQnfv zyt. kfslv fb W
Db zniCBG, dj kfvf icvNslvsj mb jfu jvsk hfLA jsv, pf
fb W Dsbv zniCBGkfv idvyq.'
zfv rflDsn zfsY, hcd W LsmG ziCBG rWqf nsW dhy[B hAdv
iv mdrtfslv yfsk zfv jfsj shdw iaHfh Jfefsk slJf pfq bf.
(mcndtm)
zfv jub dhfb hstsYb, `ncvf hQ bfvD zsbj iadkHfv
zimxkcA Oefq.'
zbA jub hstsYb, `smsqvf rsY dhLfkfv zfuh nxd.'
zbA sj hstsYb, `bfvD wqkfsbv ldV.'
nfl dhb mcnfdqh hstsYb, `zfmfv dbsuv ubA mdrtf yfsk
zdLj Hqfbj dudbn zfv djYc sb. htf rq sp, mdrtf pJb nxd rt,
kJb htDn hstdYt, `kcdm zfmfv zsLGj nbA. kcdm zfmfv msbv
vrnA. kcdm zfmfv s[iBDq kDv, pf dbHGctHfsh dwjfvsj zfOfk
jsv.' (Ifpct jflDv, mcbfhD 5/436)
ofbf-shofbf
sp icvN mdrtfv mfrvfm kfv jfsY ilGf sb. kfsj slJf dlsk ifsv,
kfv nfsK dbuGbhfn W jfs mBW jvsk ifsv. lc'de jfosuv mfsU
spmb zfEf bf Kfjst dye tfso bf, skmdb mfrvfm bfvD-icvsNv msLA
zfjNGB nxd rq bf; pdlW zfjxdk W iajdx ksk mfrvfm-ofqv mfrvfm
nhf nmfb.
mfrvfm sj? pfv nfsK dyvksvv ubA dhhfr rfvfm, sn rt mfrvfm.
i[fsv pfv nfsK sjfbW jfst dhhfr hL sn rt `ofqv mfrvfm.'
nckvfQ pfv nfsK nfmdqj dhhfr rfvfm, sn dj `mfrvfm' bq. spmb
,& shfsbv hkGmfsb slftfHfsqv nfsK dhhfr rfvfm. kf hst slftfHf
 ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 37 38 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
mfrvfm bq. jfvB sn dhhfr nfmdqj rfvfm. shfb mfvf sost hf kfv iajfw Kfsj sp, lflf W bfbf hQ Hsqv dikf hfsiv ipGfqHc
kftfj rst slftfHfsqv nfsK dhhfr hL. hQ lflD W bfbD hQ Hsqv mfkf mfsqv ipGfqHc. zfv bfdk W
zbcvi sp sjfb dhhfdrk mdrtfsj dhhfr jvf rfvfm. dj kf sifkf sYst hQ bfdkb W icdkb smsqv ipGfqHc. slv zfsifsn
nfmdqj rfvfm. kfv fmD mfvf sost zKhf sn kftfjiaff rst dhhfr dhhfr rfvfm hQ ilGf sb.
rsk ifsv. ubA dhhfdrk smsqv ilGf sb kf bq. (3) Hf-shfb (nsrflv, hmfsq W hdisq)
nckvfQ wvDqsk `mfrvfm' sj kf mdrtfv ufbf lvjfv. (4) IcIc-Hfsif (hfsiv, bfbfv hQ lflfv dkb iajfv shfb IcIc)
mrfb zffr hstsYb, (5) Jftf-hcbsif (mfsqv, bfbDv hQ lflDv dkb iajfv shfb Jftf)
+ ' ) 5s' E5<
+ % ' ' e}<
5<:> ' ' & <3#( ) ' ' <@' % <W' 5< ' (J#) ?5 ' <,f ' , & O5 & ' ] A' ' 3' 5 ' % Afp
)
& ' 'J ' (6) yfyf-HfdU (nsrflv, Shdisq W Shmfsq)
& & ' ' ' % Ap& & ( D' ' % Ap& & ' {' ' ' % Ap5' & & ' ( & % A& % ' D' Q% ' , & 1. + )i@' ?5@' '
& & f ' ' % Ap5 (7) mfmf-HfoD (dkb iajfv shfsbv smsq zKhf kfv smsq)
% ApJ5{
)' ' ) % & z5' zbcviHfsh Hfsif hf HfdUv smsq W hcbsif hf hcbdUv smsqv
eD5< ( ' < , Ap % ' % ' \) ( < & Ap5<
& & ' <{' ' ' % A'& f<9 & & ' ( & ' Q<{4 ) ' z5'
& f ' ' 4 & f' '
nfsK icvsNv ilGf sb. spmb Hfsif hf HfdUv sYst W hcbsif hf
) )) )
% ( Ew<s' ( h :& % {' ' \( & Aq & ) ' 3, , & 9) & & H) \) ( & Ai5 & & ) ' 9' ' % Aq
& ) ' )3 z5 & '(&' hcbdUv sYstv nfsK mdrtfv ilGf sb.
E' ' % A& ) ' <% ' % < ) ' ;^<) ( & A5 & ) <'f % ' & <) ' ' ' % A& % <' D' 5<'
' f & ' <s' ( <h) ) :& % {' ' % 3& Ap & ' lcL-nisjGv jfvsB mfrvfm vi 7 swaBDv zfkDq.
iajfw Kfsj sp, yfyfskf Hf, IcIfskf Hf, Jftfskf Hf W mfmfskf
?5 f N9 @ 1. { + ) 9( 9+ yt & ' E5
' ' ' E# () ' ' @' % W' 5 ' (J#' r:{4 ) %' % & r & ' %'
' % ' % B
Hf mdrtfv mfrvfm bq. spmb swaBDv shfbvfW icvsNv ubA
zKGf{, bfvDslv msLA pfslvsj skfmfslv dikxivc N dhhfr jsvsY, mfrvfm bq. klbcvi mdrtfv ubA kfv sIfIf W Jftc hQ icvsNv
skfmvf kfslvsj dhhfr jsvf bf, zhwA pf zkDsk rsq sosY (kf ubA kfv yfyD W mfmD mfrvfm bq. slv zfsifsn ilGf Wqfsuh.
LkGhA bq). dbyq kf zwDt, sfLubj W dbjx zfyvB. skfmfslv hhfdrj nisjGv jfvsB pfvf mfrvfm kfvf rt }-
ubA rfvfm (dbdN) jvf rsqsY skfmfslv mfkfoB, jbAfoB, (8) wfVD-ufmf (Dv bfbD-lflD)
HdobDoB, IcIcoB, JftfoB, fkcic DoB, HfdosbqDoB, lc-mfkfoB, (9) wv-h (fmDv bfbf-lflf)
lc-HdobDoB, wfVDoB W skfmfslv Dslv msLA pfv nfsK nrhfn (10) n{ mf-n{ shef.
rsqsY, kfv iChG nfmDv vsn kfv oHGufk jbAfoB, pfvf skfmfslv zfqfskv nfLfvB zKG mb mdrtfv nfsKW dhhfr dbsNL sOfNBf
zdHHfhjsk zfsY, ksh pdl kfslv (jbAfslv mfkfv) nfsK nrhfn bf jvsY, pfsj kfv dikf dhhfr jsvsY hQ nrhfsnv iCshG kftfj dlsq
rsq Kfsj, kfrst skfmfslv (dhhfsr) sjfb slfN sb. zfv skfmfslv dlsqsY.
ubA skfmfslv vnufk icsv Dsj (rfvfm jvf rsqsY. rfvfm jvf (11) n{ hfi-n{ smsq (sp Dv nfsK nrhfn jsvsY,kfv iCshGjfv
rsqsY) lc HdobDsj js dhhfr jvf; dj pf ok rsq sosY, kf fmDv smsq)
(LkGhA bq). dbyq zffr yvm [mfwDt, ivm lqftc. (dbnf } 22-23) YfVf Dv Jftf, IcIc, yfyD, mfmD, shfb, hcbdU, HfdU, n{ mf
ddJk jcvzfbD dbslGw sKsj mfrvfm zfkDq dydrk jvf pfq. zfv icvsNv ubA mfrvfm bq. skmdb fmDv Jftc, sIfIf, yfyf, mfmf, Hf,
kfvf rt }- Hfsif, hcbsif, n{ hfi mdrtfv ubA mfrvfm bq.
hQwDq nisjGv jfvsB 7 swaBDv zfkDq }- dhhfsrv iCshG hAdHyfsvv mfLAsm um tfHjfdvBD shde smsqv msLA
(1) mf-shef wfdmt rsh dj bf--- hAfifsv mksHl vsqsY. dkb mfm kfsj smsqv
(2) smsq-hfi msLA wfdmt jsvsYb hQ kfv nfsK dhhfr rfvfm msb jsvsYb. ksh
zbcvi bfbD-bfdk W bfbf-bfdkb hQ lflD-sifkf W lflf-icdkb. mfm wfsIqD hstsYb, sn dhdLnmk smsq bq. jfsu spHfsh sn
 ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 39 40 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
X % << & ) J % ' H) & & A& <<) ;& M
(mrfb zffr skfmfslvsj kA nil zKGf{, kfvf spb kfslv fmD, dikf, wv, ic, fmDv ic, fkf,
nfbslv msLA heb jvfv dbslGw dlsYb.) nfsbv zHG c bq hQ fkcic, HdobD ic, kfslv bfvDoB, dbu zdLjfvHc lfn,
njstv jAmsk sn Wqfdvn rq bf, zbcvi sn zfqfskW smsqv spZbjfmbf-vdrk icvN zKhf bfvDslv sofib z ns z hftj
msLA wfdmt rsh bf. zfv zffr nhGfdLj fk. (hsb jfnDv) hAkDk jfvW dbje kfslv snZlpG iajfw bf jsv. (bCv } 31)
lcL nisjGv jfvsB pfvf rfvfm kfvf rt, lcL mf, pfv lcL zfidb lcL ?5<'f % ' J' ' ( o) ) ' <{#
% ) ?5<'f % ' J' ' ( o) ) ' <{#
% ) J' ' ( ) 5') f % ' J' ' ( ) 5) ' ] H) ( ) % ' D' 5'
' f & 'J
F ' , < & C<' <D' E5<
ifsbv dbdlG nmsq (zKGf{, lc'hYsvv msLA) dbdlG idvmfsB (zKGf{, ?% ' < ' ' E# ' <>p) ( ' ( <& o& ' ;% ' Q<
( ) ' r< % <A' ' ' 5<< ' 'J ' ( ) 5) ' <)3 J' ' ( ) ) ' <{' '
i]fyhfv) ifb jsvsYb. ~ 4 N9 @ 166. { + ) j'
lcL shfb, sn mdrtf pfsj zfibfv zfib mf zKhf lcLmf lcL ifb
zKGf{, kfslv ubA kfslv dikxoB, icoB, fkxoB, fkcicoB,
jdvsqsY. zfibfv nfsK ifb jdvsq Kfj zKhf zfibfv zfso
djQhf zfibfv isv zfibfv zbA Hf-shfbslv nfsK ifb jdvsq Kfj. HdobDicoB, (dhwfnD) bfvDoB hQ kfslv zdLjfvHc lfn-
lfnDosBv hAfifsv (ilGf) iftb bf jvf zivfL bq. skfmvf
zbcvi sp mdrtfv zfib mf zKhf lcLmf zfibfsj lcL ifb jdvsqsY,
pdlW dhdH nmsq ifb jdvsq Kfsj. lcL ifsbv jfvsB sn nm zffrsj Hq jv. dbyq zffr nm djYc iakA[ jsvb. (zfrpfh } 55)
ddJk zfqfk lc'desk zfsvf jsqjde icvsNv jKf htf rsqsY,
nijG rfvfm rsq pfsh, pf hQwDq jfvsB rfvfm rq. zKGf{, lcL mfsqv
hQwDq W lcL nisjGv nfbvf lcL ifbjfvDv Hf-shfb, mfsqv pfslv nfmsb mdrtfv ilGf sb.
(12) zdLjfvHc (Dk)lfn
fmD kfv dikf, dikfv shfbvf kfv IcIc, mfsqv shfbvf kfv
Jftf, hQ mfsqv fmDv Hfsqvf kfv yfyf rsq pfsh. zfv lcL v wfdmst hfdVv lfn hf yfjv isV bf. jfvB vf zdLjfvHc bq.
(13) spZbjfmbf-vdrk (sJfuf, drusV hf bicQnj) icvN
ifbjfvD dwv hQwDq Hf-shfb kAfdl lcL ifsbv jfvsB
idvhfsvv iv rfvfm rsh bf. dj sp drusVv vn zfsY, kfsj ilGf jvsk rsh. jlf bhD
sm nftfmfv Osv dYstb. Osv jub drusV dYt. (kfsj
hAdHyfv fvf rfvfm nfhA rsh dj bf? hAfifsv tfmfslv msLA
mksHl vsqsY. zdLjfQw tfmfosBv d rt, sjfb hAd sjfb spZbjfmbf-vdrk msb jvf rk, kf bhD -v Dslv hfdVsk iashw
jvk.) sn sm nftfmfv Hf zfcfrsj htt, `Wsr zfcfr!
mdrtfv nfsK hAdHyfv j'sv sItst, hAdHyfsvv jfvsB rfvfm nfhA
jft pdl zffr skfmfslvsj kfsqI uq jvfv kWIDj slb, kfrst
rsh bf. zbcvi Dv mf (wfVD) zKhf smsqv nfsK sj hAdHyfv jsv
zfdm skfmfsj oftfsbv shdev jKf hst slh, sp nfmsb st yfvde
sItst, zfib D kfv iv rfvfm rsq pfsh bf. (Ifkt jflDv,
zfrnfbct hfqfb) (Hcd] Vv H]fu slJf) pfq hQ diYb dIsv sost zfede (H]fu slJf)
fkhA sp, mfrvfmsj ofbf hf zomA htf rq. spmb ofqv pfq!' jKf swfbfv iv bhD htstb, skf WJfbjfv hAfifv
mfrvfmsj shofbf W omA htf rq. sysb! spb skfmfslv Osv zhwA iashw bf jsv. (hcJfvD, mcndtm
5820bQ)
mrfb zffr hstb,
(14) bfvDslv sofib z ns z hftj
?5<<'f % ' % ' ( ) )5<<'f % ' %' ( ) ): ' <& & ?5<< ' ] % ' ( ) )5<< ' ] % ' )
( ) : ' <i
) )
& & J#( ) ( & :<' <'f;) ' ; <i;% & 'J '
ksh sp hftj `]ysV ifjf', kfsj dj ilGf jvsk rsh. icvN pdl
( &o& ' ;% ' QA% ' ' ' 5' %' ( ) )5 ' )3 % ' ( ) ) ' {' ' mf) ' % ' ) % ) mf) ' o) ) {#
( o) ' {# ' % ( ' % ) % ' ( ) : ' & &
)
h-ifot rq, kfrst kfsj ilGf jvf uvvD bq. ksh snW zfhfv
) 9 <D' C<' <D' ) % , ) ' 5< ) <' ) ) ) % ) & a< ' ) ) 5<<:( ) '
z '% & < ' % ;' % ' ' ;^<< ( ) <y , ' < e<< ' 9% % ) % <t' r ktfq ktfq `snqfbf' dj bf kfsk dbdyk rsk rsh.
9 <<f N9 @ 1/. {?5 ' ,f (15) mc'dmb bfvD
 ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 41
zmcndtm hf mcwdvj bfvDv jfsY mcndtm mdrtf kfv snZlpG iajfw
jvsk ifvsh bf. (hcJfvD, hfrfjD 7/95) jfvB, pfslv mfb sb, kfvf
mc'dmb mdrtfv snZlpG kfslv fmDslv jfsY hqfb jvsk ifsv.
sp mdrtfv iadk Hq rsh sp, sn dbu fmDv jfsY zKhf zbA icvsNv
jfsY kfv snZlpG hBGbf jvsh, kfsjW ilGf jvsk rsh.
vfnCtcfr hstsYb, sjfb mdrtf spb zbA sjfb mdrtfsj (bo)
sjftfjcdt bf jsv. (jfvB) sn isv kfv fmDv jfsY kf mbHfsh
hBGbf jvsh sp, spb sn (kf sb) mdrtfsj iakA[Hfsh lwGb
jvsY. (mcndtm)
sp mfrvfsmv ydv sbfQvf W lxd jfmcj, kfv hAfifsv mdrtfv nslr
zfsY sp, sn rqskf kfsj slsJ mc rsY, kfsjW dIkbfv Hsq ilGf
jvsk rsh.
fkhA sp, sp mdrtfv icvsNv jfmbf sb hQ pfsj slsJ icvsNv
jfmbf ufoak rq bf, sn mdrtfv iCBG ilGf uvvD bq. ksh kfvW ubA
ilGf jvfef m. mrfb zffr hstsYb,
% ' ' E' 5<'
' <; ' ) E' < & % ;' J' \) ( < ?5 ' <,f ' < ) & <D) ' >' % '
$ f & ( ) % <' D' ' % <' s' 5< + 5A3
9 <<f 1v. { $ ) D' x$ B@ ) & ( a{' yy: ) F
' ' ( & $ % ' % % ' % ;' E' ' e'f;~) ) z5 ' _:
zKGf{, hx bfvD; pfvf dhhfsrv zfwf vfsJ bf, kfslv ubA zivfL
sb; pdl kfvf kfslv snZlpG ialwGb bf j'sv kfslv hdrhGfn Jcst
vfsJ. ksh sKsj kfslv dhvk Kfjf kfslv ubA m. zfv zffr
nhGswafkf, nhG. (bCv } 60)
lcL Jfsq sjfb icvNsj mfrvfm jvf pfsh dj?
nfstm zfhC pfIf -v (dbsNL rWqfv iCshG) sifNAic
dYstb. dkdb dbu HfdUv nfsK k]fv dhsqW dlsqdYstb. nfstm pJb
hV rstb, kJb zfhC pfIfv D nfrtf dhs ncrft zbcHh
jvstb, nfstsmv hAfifsv k]fv fmDv msb NGf nxd rsY. spsrkc dkdb
k]fv dbje ilGf jsvb bf. nckvfQ dkdb mrfbhD -v dbje sn Oebf
Jcst htst dkdb htstb, Wsj kcdm i]fyhfv skfmfv lcL ifb
jdvsq lfW, W skfmfv (lcL-shef) mfrvfm rsq pfsh. nfrtf htstb,
`W skf hV rsq sosY, Wv lfdV shdvsq sosY!' bhD mcydj srsn
htstb, zfdm ufdb W hV rsq sosY. (mcndtm 3673bQ)
wvDqskv dhLfsb lcL-nisjGv mfrvfm rWqfv ubA jde dhswN
wkG rt, lcLifb dwv lcLifsbv (2 hYv) hqsnv dHksv rsk rsh.
42 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
kf nfrtfv msb nslr ufot. kfYfVf jub nfhftjsj dbsuv lcL
ifb jvfsh jDHfsh, sn iawW dYt.
nhk} dkdb dbsuv lcL shv j'sv sjfb ifs svsJ nfstmsj Jfsq
dlsqdYstb. Ist dkdb nfrtfv ubA mfrvfm rsq dosqdYstb.
tfmfoB hstb, `ef dYt idvhfsvv ubA bhD -v Jfn
zbcsmflb. zbA jfsvf ubA Hfsh `mfrvfm' jvfv vDdk iasqfo jvf
hL bq.
zsbsj hstsYb, `sj pdl nfrtfv mskf nmnAfq isV, kfrst kfv
ubA Hfsh `mfrvfm' hfbfsbf hL.'
dj sifNAic hf lj sbWqfv svWqfu dbdN rWqfv iv nfrtfv
mskf nmnAfW zhdw sb. nckvfQ vDdksk hkGmfsb jfsj
`mfrvfm' hfbfsbf hL bq.
iank} sJA sp, Dv bhx syfNsBv nmq pdl fmDv mcsJ W sise
lcL yst pfq, kfrst kfsk dj D `rfvfm' hf `lcL-mf' rsq pfsh bf.
spsrkc kf wvDqskv zfm dhLfsb dwv lcL-ifb hqsnv hfsv. zfv
nfstsmv hAfifvef Jfn.
F ) iajfw Kfsj sp, lj sbWqfv svWqfu ntfsm dbdN rWqf nsW
' % ' ( h5
, ' ' & at &' '
nmfsu JbW iaydtk vsqsY. nckvfQ sn sYst hV rst iftdqDsj
`mf' htstW sn `mfrvfm' bq. smsq rst iftdqkfsj `hfi' htstW
sn `mfrvfm' bq. kfslv zfsifsn dhhfr hL hQ ilGf Wqfsuh.
zbcvi mcsJ ifkfsbf `hfi-shde' hf `mf-shef' hf `Hf-shfb'
zfsifsn mfrvfm bq. spmb iDviDslv iDvhfhf mdrtfv `mfrvfm'
bq. iDv Hf-shfbW ivisvv `mfrvfm' bq. iaydtk dhLfb
kfslv mboVf h djYc bq.
ilGfv dhLfb mfbf-bf mfbfv ItfIt
ilGf } zffr W klDq vnCstv zfbcokA.
ilGf } siam W ydvsv idhkf, zbfdhtkf W dbjtkf.
ilGf } bfvDv bfvDk, nkDv nkDk, nm W mpGflf.
ilGf } tfwDtkf, zmfG LcpG W nlfyfdvkf.
ilGf } mfbhviD wqkfsbv lxd sKsj v[fjhy.
ilGf } k drIfpk jsv, zShL iaBq, LNGB, zwDtkf W hAdHyfv
lCv jsv, bfvDv mfb W mCtA v[f jsv. dudbn lfmD W mCtAhfb rst kfsj
 ilGfv dhLfb -----------------------------
sofisb tcdjsq vfJf rq. psks j]fy ifWqf pfq hst kfv sjfb jlv
sb. dj jfb ifWqf pfq bf hst kfv hV jlv. ilGfbwDb bfvD j]fy
bq; hvQ jfb, ncvd[k mcf.
ilGf } bfvDsj jfsIv W DklfnD sKsj hfYf jsv nf mcndtm
bfvDvsi dydrk jsv.
ilGf } zffrv oph W ufrffsmv zfocb sKsj ilGf.
bfvDslv iaLfb w kfv snZlpG W spZhb. zfv ilGf kfv tftsjf.
bfmfpD W rfuD spmb ifi isK if hfVfsk Hq jsv, skmdb ilGfbwDbW
ifi isK if hfVfq bf. lfdV-Wqftf mcndtm spmb (mrficvNslv dblwGb
W Dsbv iakDj) lfdVv mpGflf v[f j'sv zsbj ifi huGb jsv. skmdb
shfvjf-WqftD mdrtfW shfvjfv mpGflf v[f j'sv zsbj sbfQvfdm W
jlpGkf huGb jsv.
ilGfbwDb mdrtfslvsj iaskAj mfblfv icvN iYl jsv.
mdrtf jcwaD rst sjfKfW jlv ifq bf, dj sn shfvjf isv Kfjst
nclvD-fsb jlv ifq.
i[fsv ilGfrDbkf } zffr W kf]v vnCstv zhfLAkf.
ilGfrDbkf } bokf, znHAkf, zwDtkf, tfrDbkf, NGfrDbkf W
Lxkf.
ilGfrDbkf } nfQnfdvj zwfd, spZb-dbiDVb, LNGB, zirvB,
hAdHyfv iaHdx kv dYiK.
ilGfrDbkf } spZb subfv nrfqj. mfbhviD wqkfbslv
y[cwDktjfvD.
ilGfrDbkf } lcjk x Dslv bqbfdHvfm.
ilGfrDbkf } sjht LmGDq wxJt sKsj bfvD-fLDbkf bq, hvQ nHA
idvYslv sOvfsefi sKsj bfvDv snZlpG iajfw W slrmcdv bfmfv.
ilGfrDbkf } djqfmskv jfdtmf W zjfv.
ilGfrDbkf } dhufkDq htDnD W ufsrdtqfdk iaKf. hvQ nHA pcsov
bokf slsJ ufsrdtqfskv ilGfrDbfvfW tf ifsh.
shilGfv ubA ufrffsmv zfocb sKsj sjfb ilGf sb.
nHA sthfsnv ilGf sKsj shv rWqf bfvD-fLDbkfv pcso ilGf hV dhvt.
v mCt jfvB rt tfrDbkf. sjbbf, tfwDtkf bfvDv HCNB. HCNB
rfdvsq bfvD kfv hnbW rfdvsqsY. DbD nQpm sb bfvD W kfv
zdHHfhsjv msb. iv nQpsmv hb jhfv dhdY rsq sost fm- fKG zfsY hst. kfsk sib-jkGxis[v sjfb fKG sb. sjht skfmfv
43 44 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
YxJtkf hbAfv mk iahfdrk rq. kfsk nQfv, dw[f, ydv, nh
zbfqfsn sHsn pfq. swsN tfW zfv Kfsj bf. hvQ tfrDbkf
j bkcb `IAfwb' vsi `nHA' W `zfstfj iaf' bfsm ncidvdydk tfH
jsv. nkA skf, hot-jfef hfu W Yf]ef yct bf rst dj nHA bfvD rWqf
pfq? zfLf h[}t, H]cdVv H]fu W ufQ iHdx k sofib zs dlsbv zfstf
bf sist dj `zfstfjiff' rWqf pfq?!
htf hftA sp, mcndtm bfvD-dw[fv `ncshr nfslj' yfq, bfvD-slsrv
bq. mcndtm bfvD-dhsND bq, bfvD-dw[fv lcwmbW bq. mcndtm shilGf
kKf zwDtkf W hAdHyfsvv lcwmb. dw[f, iaodk, bdkjkf kKf ilGf
nh mcndtsmv jfmA. zfv ilGf iaodkv iK zhsvfL jvsk yfq bf; yfq
shstfibf W bokfv iK v jvsk.
ilGfbwDb mdrtfsj wafv syfsJ slJf rq. kfsj slsJ spZbkf zfsn bf.
shilGf mdrtfsj jfmstftci icvsNvf jfm-busv slsJ.
shilGf mdrtfv nfsK tievf HdeduQ jsv.
shilGf rsq dbuGb isK pfWqfv nmq zsbj wDtkfrfdb W LNGB-jf
Ose.
shilGf mdrtf lwGsbv Ist spZb-iDdVk pchj SmKcb hf rSmKcb jsv!
shilGf rWqfv Ist bfvD-icvsNv zShL siam-Hfthfnfv nijG oVfv
idvshw kdv rq.
shilGf rWqfv Ist zShL snZubA-dmtsbv ncspfo nxd rq.
ilGfrDbkfv Ist Hfthfnfq jxkjfpG rsk syfsvv mskf ifdtsq dosq
bfqj-bfdqjf tfH-mAfsvu jsv hQ dbsuslv zlfkf mf-hfisj
`jtf' slJfq.
ilGfrDbkfv Ist lfiskA jtr hfsL.
ilGfrDbkfv Ist dhsq-jvf-hW zbA bfosvv nfsK yie slq.
ilGfrDbkfv Ist zfsvf jk zwfdv nxd rq nQnfsv.
ilGf ilGfbwDsbv dne-sheX
Db-lvlD shfbde zfmfv! ilGfv dhLfb smsb bfW. jfvB ilGf skfmfv
ubA Ivp jvf rsqsY, skfmfsj h]fyfhfv ubA, skfmfsj j slWqfv
ubA bq. kcdm pdl sib ysVY, kfrst dbyq slsJY sp, sib Vfsbv
iCshG dne-sheX efe j'sv sh]sL dbsk htf rq. kfsk skfmfv dbu
 ilGfv dhLfb -----------------------------
ncv[fv ubA kfjDslv nfsK sheX h]fLsk htf rq.
efdIj-zfsbv jKf rqskf ufsbf sp, ofdV yftfhfv nmq dne-sheX
bf h]fLst lvmskf udvmfbf jvf rq. kf sjb? zfdm zfmfv ofdV
dbsuv Yfmskf yftfh, zfvfm-sn yftfh. sheX dlsq dbsusj sh]sL j
slh sjb?
zfmfsj h]fyfhfv ubA. kfsk nvjfsvv dbu sjfb fKG W tfH sb.
tfH zfsY zfmfv. pfsk pKfnmsq zfdm h]fysk ifdv, kf zfmfv
uDhb dbsq zfdm wdKtA ialwGb jvst mfbh-lvlD nvjfv zfmfv
udvmfbf jsv. htf hftA, nvjfv sufv j'sv zfmfv uDhb v[f jsv.
spsrkc lcOGebfv nmq h]fLf shsev jfvsB zfmfv sh]sy pfWqfv iafq
zfdw wkfQw nfhbf Kfsj.
ilGfv zfbW skfmfv ubA Ivp jvf rsqsY, skfmfsj h]fyfsbfv
ubA, skfmfsj zsrkcj j slWqfv ubA bq.
ilGf bfvDv tftsjf
mfblfv shfbde zfmfv! bfvDv hV lcwmb kfv dbsuv slrde. dhswN
j'sv sn pdl pchkD vinD rq. kf slrdesj dbvfil ufqofq sofib
vfJsk rq. zfv ilGf rt sn tftsjf, pfv msLA sn kfv slrdesj
ncvd[k vfJsk ifsv. tieslv HdeduQ sKsj, znHA mfbcsNv jcldx
sKsj dbsusj drIfpsk vfJf pfq ilGfq. spsrkc ilGfv sthfn rt
kfjWqf W mfsbv sthfn. sp sthfn iamfB jsv sp, kcdm jub H
mdrtf. kcdm jub Dblfv mdrtf. kcdm jub nkD W nydvhkD
mdrtf. kcdm sjfb tiesj iawqa dlsk ifv bf. skfmfv diYsb isV
sjfb lcydvsv sjfb tfH sb. sn sthfn iamfB jsv sp, kcdm sn
mdrtf bW, pfvf zdHnfsvv wfvf-dsk nhcu nQsjk slq.
ilGf mfsbv nf[D
sp mdrtf shfvjf isv, kfv shfvjf jKfv nf[D sp, kfv msLA
mfb zfsY.
mrfbhD hstb, mfsbv nv zKhf NfsEv shwD wfJf vsqsY.
kfv msLA nshGfm (wfJf) `tf tfrf ffr' htf hQ nhGdbm (wfJf) dEj. khcW mfbcN skf, jmbDq slsr hfvhfv lxd iVst mfbcsNv msb
vff sKsj jlfqj dudbn (ifKv jf]ef kAfdl) lCvDHCk jvf. zfv
tf mfsbv zbAkm wfJf. (hcJfvD-mcndtm)
45 46 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
dkdb zfsvf hstb, zhwA tfwDtkf W mfb j nCs o]fKf.
jde yst sost zivdeW yst pfq. (rfsjm, dmwjfk 5094, nrDt
ufsm 1603bQ)
tfmfoB hstb, `tfwDtkfv iajk x k rt mb n{ydvkf, pf
sbfQvf huGb jvsk mfbcNsj c jsv hQ zdLjfvDv zdLjfv
zflfsq de ialwGb jvsk dhvk vfsJ.
zfhct jfsnm ucbfl (vfdrmffr) sKsj hdBGk, dkdb hstsYb,
`tfwDtkf rt, dbqfmk t[A jvf hQ sn nfsK (kfv jxkkfq)
de t[A jvf. lcsqv mfsU sp zbcHCdk nxd rq, kfsj tf htf
rq.'
mdrtfv slr-snZlpG zffrv slWqf sbqfmk. kfsk jxkkf
Kfjsh mdrtfv. dj dbtG rst jxkO rsh hQ kfv slr-sbqfmskv
zihAhrfv jvsh.
nckvfQ ilGf tfwDtkfv nf[D. shfvjf-WqftD sjfb mdrtf shrfqf
iaotXH rsk ifsv bf.
ilGf idhkfv nf[D. shfvjf-WqftD sjfb smsq sbfQvf rsk ifsv bf.
ilGf idkhakfv idkivfqBkfv nf[D. spsrkc sn kfv vi-snZlspGv
tft softfi sjht dbu fmDsj irfv slq.
ilGf nkDskv nf[D. spsrkc ilGfbwDb sjfb mdrtf hAdHyfdvBD rsk
ifsv bf. kfv ilGf kfsj sn isK bfmsk hfLflfb jsv.
ilGf rlsqv idhkf
ilGfv dhLfb zfnst bfvD-icvsNv jfmbfHvf rlsqv idhkfv
ubA zhkDBG rsqsY. mrfb zffr hstsYb,
) ) ) << ) ( & & U<<@5s ')'
% A& ) <<& >& & << ' % ' % <<A& "' F 5<<' ? 9' ' ' % ' 5<<D5: ' ' "#
& & % U<<@
+ ' ' ( & B:
~ 4 N9 @ 16. { ( h) ) & W& '
zKGf{, skfmvf kfslv dbje rsk djYc yfst ilGfv zvft rsk
yfW. dhLfb skfmfslv hQ kfslv rlsqv ubA zdLjkv idh.
(zfrpfh } 53)
pfslv rlq idh, kfvf zShL bfvDslr slsJW syfJ dIdvsq sbsh
jfmbf nxd rsk ifsv. i[fsv Tfjf Kfjst hfnbfv dYiK h rsq
pfq.
 ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 47
ilGf y[c-lxdv idhkf
shilGf mdrtfv dlsj njfm lxdifk jvst syfsJv hAdHyfv rq.
mrfbhD hstb, syfJ lc'deW hAdHyfv jsv. zfv kfv hAdHyfv
rt, (jfm-busv bfvDv snZlspGv iadk) lxdifk jvf. jfb lc'deW
hAdHyfv jsv. zfv kfv hAdHyfv rt, (spZb-jKf) wahB jvf. duHW
hAdHyfv jsv. zfv kfv hAdHyfv rt, (spZb-jKf) htf. rfkW
hAdHyfv jsv. zfv kfv hAdHyfv rt, njfsm iwG jvf. hAdHyfv jsv
if lc'deW. zfv kfv hAdHyfv rt, (spZbdqfv sswA) sr]se
pfWqf. (hcJfvD-mcndtm, dmwjfk 86 bQ)
nckvfQ mdrtf ilGfq Kfjst sn hAdHyfv sKsj h]fyf pfq. bsy{
jfmlxd rlsq jfmbf nxd jsv. jfmbf nxd jsv zufbf zfjNGB.
zfjNGB nxd jsv siam. zfv siasmv zfb zfsb nhGbfwD uDhb.
nckvfQ vsk pdl zfsbv hfvlsj dbvfil hfsv msLA h vfJf jvdYt. kfv fmD kfsj htt, `W dmd! jhfv dljjfv yfst pfW
rq, kfrst zsbj dhidv rfk sKsj svrf ifWqf pfq.
iaydtk ilGfv iajfvsHl
1. fmD mdrtfv nhGf slsJ. mfrvfm sjht syrfvf, mfKf, rfk W if
slJsk ifq. ofqv mfrvfm djYcW slJsk ifq bf. rt iCBG wvqD
ilGf.
2. fmD mdrtfv nhGf slsJ. mfrvfm sjht syrfvf, mfKf, rfk W if
slJsk ifq. ofqv mfrvfm rfk W if slJsk ifq. rt ziCBG wvqD
ilGf.
3. fmD mdrtfv nhGf slsJ. mfrvfm sjht syrfvf, mfKf, rfk W if
slJsk ifq. ofqv mfrvfmW syrfvf, rfk W if slJsk ifq. rt
ziCBG wvqD ilGf.
4. fmD mdrtfv nhGf slsJ. mfrvfm sjht syrfvf, mfKf, rfk W if
slJsk ifq. ofqv mfrvfmW syrfvf, mfKf, rfk W if slJsk ifq. ksh
nmfbD stfsjv nfmsb mfKfq jfiV sbq.
5. fmD mdrtfv nhGf slsJ. mfrvfm sjht syrfvf, mfKf, rfk W if
slJsk ifq. ofqv mfrvfmW syrfvf, mfKf, rfk W if slJsk ifq.
nmfbD stfsjv nfmsbW mfKfq jfiV sbq bf.
48 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
6. fmD mdrtfv nhGf slsJ. mfrvfm W ofqv mfrvfm kfv hcsjv
jfQw W r]fec slJsk ifq. rt zfLcdbj pcsov IAfwb. swsNv 3
iajfv mdrtf ilGfv dhLfb mfsb bf.
zfsifn-ilGf } sp ilGfq mdrtf shofbf zfkDqsjW slJf slq bf.
ef rsY zfnt ilGf.
hfdrv ilGf } sp ilGfq mdrtf shofbf jfsYv zfkDq (fmDv Hf,
yfyf, mfmf, slftfHf)sj syrfvf, rfk W if slJfq. dj hfsv sost
ilGfv nfsK pfq. rsY ziCBG ilGf. hfLA bf rst zhfLAkfv ubA
Lvf sJsk rsh.
Yfdb ilGf } sp ilGfq mdrtf shofbf njt zfkDqsj syrfvf, rfk W
if slJfq. dj hfsv sost ilGfv nfsK pfq. ef shdw ziCBG ilGf.
mb ilGf psK bq.
o]f-ilGf } sjht idvdyk W oafsmv stfjsj ilGf jsv. zidvdyk
jfsj isvfqf jsv bf. mb j so]sqf mdrtfv Osvv yfst dmd jfu
skf. zfmfv dhdh mfsjGse pfsh!' vf rfe pfq, hfufv pfq. zfv skftf
ifdbsk sofYt jsv!
bfbD-ilGf } sjht nmfdbk hAdslvsj ilGf jsv. hfjD jfsj
isvfqf jsv bf.
ians `zflwG vmBD'sk jde mufv oi sJ jsvdY.
islswv Jfdksv JfsbW sJ jvf zfwf jdv zpKf rsh bf.
j lcicsv bfbD bfdksj ns dbsq icjcsv sofnt jvsk sot. bfbD
ilGfbwDb mdrtf. icjcvef vffv Lfsv. bfdksj htt, `zfdm sofnt
jvsk bfmdY. stfj st htdh.'
bfdksj ifsV l]fV jdvsq dlsq bfbD Ofse hsn ofsqv jfiV Jcst
nfhfb mfJsk tfot. [sBj isv vffq jde stfj zfnsk slsJ
bfdk rfjcdt-dhjcdt j'sv hst Et, `bfbD sof bfbD! stfj zfnsY.'
kf sb bfbD wwhA rsq ofsq-mfKfq wfVD udVsq dbt. stfjde ifv
rsq sot. sOfmefv I]fsj bfbD slJt, stfjde zfv sj bq, W ifVfv
Idej. kf bfdksj htt, `W-r! W skf W ifVfv Idej sv! Hft
j'sv slJdh, stfj st htdh.'
djYc isv jubsj zfnsk slsJ bfdk hst Et, `bfbD sof bfbD!
stfj zfnsY.'
 ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 49
bfbD nkv ofsq mfKfq wfVD udVsq dbsq syfvf yfrdbsk slJt, lcL-
Wqftf. dhv rsq htt, `zfsv shfjf! W skf lcL-Wqftf sv!
iaskAjdlb zfmfslv Osv lcL dlsq pfq, ufdbn bf? Hft j'sv sldJn,
stfj st htdh.'
nfmfbA[B isv mfKfq UcdV dbsq jubsj zfnsk slsJ bfdk
htt, `bfbD sof bfbD! stfj zfnsY.'
bfbD ofsq-mfKfq jfiV dbsq diYb sKsj kfdjsq slsJ htt, `W skf
ycdV-Wqftf sv! zfmvf Wv jfsY ycdV idv ufdbn bf?'
bfbD nfhfb mfJsk mwt rt, bfdk msb msb Hfhsk tfot, kfrst
stfj zfhfv jfsj hst? dv jvt zfv djYc htsh bf. zjmf{
oafsmv mfm nfsrh sn vffq ifv rdYstb. bfdk zfv djYc htt bf. jsv, fmDv ns yfjdvst st ilGfv slw sjht nlD zfvsh ilGf
bfbDsj sJftfsmtf slsJ smZthD nfsrh otf UfVsk v jvstb. bfbD
wwhA rsq tfhkD tkfv mk wfVD udVsq uVnV rsq sot.
smZthD nfsrh ifv rsq sost sn vfso zLDvf rsq ifsV sn bfdkv
ofst EfnX EfnX j'sv lc' yV tfdosq dlt. htt, `h]flv! stfj dydbnX
bf? skfv syfJ Jfvfi rsqsY bfdj? httfm sp, stfj st htdh!'
bfdk `]Af ]Af' j'sv j]flsk v j'sv dlt. htt, `kcdm skf dIvst qfvsifeG hf nDmfsv syjsifeX sKsj ilGfdhdh rq. slv
htst, Idej stfj bq, lcL-Wqftf stfj bq, ycdV-Wqftf stfj bq.
kfsk zfdm msb jvtfm, rqskf shef sYstvf stfj bq. kfsk zfdm
zfv hdt bf. Lc mthDvf sp stfj kf skf zfdm ufbkfm bf.'
r]Af, swaBDv mdrtfvf sjht smZthD nfsrh, rfuD nfsrhslvsj
slsJ mfKfv sOfmef dbsq Kfsj. zfv hfjDslvsj `icvN' Hfsh bf.
IAfwb-ilGf } slsw shfvjf ivfv svWqfu zfsY. snW isv. bfjfef
shfvjf isv. swaBDv ilGfv nfsK dnsbmf rstW pfq. zsbsj
shwAfhxdW jsv. swaBDv mdrtfslv shfvjfv ubA ilGfv hlbfm
jvf rq.
zfksofib-ilGf } dbsuv idvyq sofib jvfv ubA zsbj mdrtf
nmfsu shfvjf isv. zsbj zivfdLbD W zivfLDW (!) shfvjf isv
zfksofib j'sv zivfsL dt rq. shfvjfv hQdhL hAhrfsvv ubA
zsbj mfKfsmfef shfvjf dbdN rWqf uvvD msb jsv.
stfjslJfdb ilGf } djYc mdrtf zfsY, pfvf ncbfm sbWqfv sswA,
jfsj Hq hf tf j'sv, IAfwb msb j'sv, idvshw W idvddkv yfsi jv. (zfrmfl, mcndtm, bfnf, hsb mfufr, dmwjfk 2505bQ)
hfLA rsq stfj-slJfdb ilGf jsv. mb ilGfv sjfb lfm sb, se ifi
50 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
rsh. swaBDv mdrtfvf spJfsb shfvjf slJfsbf lvjfv, snJfsb shfvjf
slJfq. zfv spJfsb mkth swN, snJfsb ilGfW swN. kfvf sjht hfsv
ilGf jsv. dj Osvv dHkv, Ifsev dHkv kfslv ilGf Kfsj bf. zfkDq-
zbfkDq nhfv jfsY shilGf rq! smrmfb rsq zfnf shofbfslv dJlmkW
jsv! slv msk spb Osvv dHkv ilGf sb. sisb j mcndtmsj ml
sJsk slsJ jub zmcndtm iaw jvt, `skfmfslv LsmG skf ml JfWqf
rfvfm. kfrst JfY sjb?' sv sn htt, `ixdKhDsk JfWqf rfvfm.
zfmvf Jb ixdKhDv hfsv zfdY!'
swaBDv mdrtfvfW dbsuslvsj Osvv dHksv ilGfv dhLfsbv
hfsv msb jsv. kfvf h rsq sjht ilGf-mfbf wvhfdVsk ilGf
jsv, zk}iv dbsuslv hfdV W dbsuv slw dIsv sost kfslv ilGfv
stw swN rsq pfq. qfvsifseG hAfso shfvjf Hsv sbq. zfhfv dIvfv
nmq qfvsifseG hAfo sKsj shv j'sv isv dbsq `ilGfdhdh' nfsu.
zfdm ilGfsj `qfsifdeG ilGf' hdt.
zsbj ilGf-slswv mdrtfvf hfsv sost jHfsh shilGf rq. slsw
zfnst ilGf bq, hvQ TMDslv TM! slv fvf ilGfv sp zfnt swA,
(zv W y[cv idhkf hQ skv drIfpk) kf zhwA nfLb rq
bf. rlsq idhkf W nQpmwDtkf bf Kfjst ilGfq sjfb tfH sb.
spsrkc nQpmwDtkfv sthfn nshfG{jx. (zf'vfI } 26)
wvqD ilGf jvsk zifvo rst
wvqD ilGf jvsk mdrtf hf kfv zdHHfhj zKhf fmD nkA zifvo
rst pKfnh zffrsj Hq j'sv ytsk rsh. mrfb zffr hstsYb,
) '
5b: N9 @ 1/v. { & B@ & % ' ' % 5 ' ' >p5s
&( '
' & ' % ' % ::@
zKGf{, skfmvf zffrsj pKfnfLA Hq jv hQ swfsbf, zfbcokA jv.
(kfofhcb } 16)
mrfbhD hstb, zfdm skfmfslvsj sjfb djYcv zfslw jvst
kf pKfnfLA iftb jv. zfv sjfb djYc rsk dbsNL jvst kf huGb
sj zifvo dj bf, mrfb zffr kf Hft ufsbb. dkdb zpGfmD.
mfbcsNv msbv Jhv dkdb vfsJb. kfYfVf sj sjfb Hft jfsu
 ilGfv dhLfb -----------------------------
nkAnkA syf jvst hQ kfsk LpGLfvB jvst, dkdb kfv
nrspfdokf jsvb.
zffrv vnCt hstsYb, --- zfv sp hAd idh Kfjsk syf
jvsh, zffr kfsj idh vfJshb, sp hAd (zisvv) zmcJfsi[D
Kfjsk syf jvsh, zffr kfsj (njt sKsj) zmcJfsi[D j'sv
slshb hQ sp hAd SLpG Lvsk syf jvsh, zffr kfsj SLpG Lvsk
nfrfpA jvshb. zfv SLspGv sysq zdLj m W hAfij lfb jfsj
slWqf rqdb. (hcJfvD 1469 bQ, mcndtm 1053 bQ)
ivsrpofv shfbde zfmfv! hfdVv dHkv jt-ifqJfbf sb hst ilGf
mfbsk Wpv slJfW? sp pcso Ivp rq, sn pcsov jKf sHsh slJ, ifdbv
hAhf dYt bf Osv Osv. ksh ifqJfbfv hAhf jvf spk. khcW hfdVsk
sn hAhf bf Kfjst mdrtfvf vfd shtfq dbsuv iasqfusb shv rk.
skfmfv Wpv pdl zffrv jfsY nkA oarBspfoA rq, kfrst dEj
zfsY. bsy{ jdIqk slWqfv ubA iak sKsjf.
ilGf Lc rfuD-dhdh hf smZthD-dhdh rst Ivp bq. ilGf Ivp
iaskAj mc'dmb ttbfv iv. nckvfQ Ivpsj ovu sHsh dbsuv
ivjft hvhfl j'sv hsnf bf.
pdl nkAnkA iCBG wvqD ilGf bf jvsk ifv, kfrst hfdVv dHksv
pfslvsj ilGf jvsk ifvsh bf, kfslv nfmsb sjht mcJ W (jd
ipG) rfk sJftf svsJ zdk zflshv nfsK jfujmG jv.
mcJ-Tfjf ilGf jvsk ifvY bf hst nh I]fjf jvf hL bq.
fmDv Hf hf dbsuv hcbfsj ilGf jvsk ifvY bf hst nhfv nfmsb
shilGf rsqf bf. kcdm mc'dmb W fbD smsq rst iasqfusb sjht mcJ-rfk
sJftf svsJ zflshv nfsK kfslv nfmsb zfnsk ifv. pkef shdw jvsk
ifv, kkef Hft. djYc jvf, djYc bf jvfv sKsj skf Hft.
iasqfusb hfLA rsq hfsn-sesb icvNslv ofsq of tfdosq nIv jvsk rq
hst sHsh hsnf bf sp, shfvjf isv tfH sb. Fffvsj sofibf slJfsk
rt hst msb jsvf bf sp, kfsj hfjD znmCr slJfsbf yst. hvQ pf
slJfsk kcdm hfLA, sjht kf slJfW. hfjDstf drIfpsk vfJ.
Jhvlfv! iK ytsk ifsq ifqJfbf stso sost kf sofef ofsq smsJ
dbsqf bf. hvQ syfv nfsK sjht if-desj Lcsq dbsqf.
zfv susb svsJf, kcdm nhfsj I]fdj W sL]fjf dlsk ifv, dj skfmfv
iadkiftj zffrsj ifvsh bf.
51 52 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
ilGfv isK durfl
ilGfv isK bkcb ils[ijfdvBD shfbde zfmfv! rqskf hf ilGf
skfmfsj j dlsY. rqskf-hf ilGfv jfvsB skfmfv uDhb zsbj
nQjDBG shfL rsY. khcW kf iftb jvsk kcdm dbsusj zKhf skfmfv
dikfmfkf hf fmDsj slfN dlsqf bf. jfvB ilGf zffr W k]fv vnCstv
kvI sKsj zfnf Ivp. zfv kf iftb jvsk zbA sj yfi dlst kfv
slfN rq bf. slfN dlsk rst nxdjkGf zffrsj dlsk rq. zfv kf skf
rq bf shfbde!
hfdVv dHksv nQjDBGkf shfL jvst ilGfv nfsK fmD hf sjfb mfrvfm
dbsq hfsv pfW. ifjG hf sjfb shVfhfv ufqofq dosq shdVsq snf.
ksh sJqft vfJsh, pfsk snJfsbW sj skfmfsj nQjDBGkfq bf sIst.
Lc ilGf sjb, wvDqskv h zfrjfm zfsY, pf iftb jvsk v
v mfbcsNv j rq. kfviv zHAfsn idvBk rsq sost kf fHfdhj
rsq pfq. ht, svfpf vfJsk jk j rq? wDskv vfsk sofnt jvsk
jk j rq? durfl jvsk jk j rq? skfmfv ilGf mfbfW j
iajfv durfl. dbsuv msbv dhvs durfl, wqkfsbv dhvs durfl.
skfmfv idvmstv shDb mfbcNslv dhvs durfl.
ilGfv dhLfb mfbsk skfmfv j rst mrfb zffrv jfsY kWIDj
yfW. wqkfsbv jcmBf sKsj ifbfr yfW, jfvB wqkfb skfmfsj mb
hflsk hfLflfb jvsh, ef kfv Hfh. sn jf ufrffsm pfsh bf,
ef kfv iadkf. zfv mfbcsN Icnm dlst nCvf bfn-Iftfj iV iakAr
njft-nAfq dbqdmkHfsh. jfvB, mfbcN sp Hft jfu dbsu jvsk
ifsv bf, kf zisv jvj, snefW yfq bf. zfv sp mljfude dbsu
jsv, sn yfq, kf zisvW jvj. ubA zfvhD iahfsl zfsY,
E ?5 f E e3~ z
zKGf{, shwAf yfq, njt smsqvf shwAf srfj. nckvfQ shilGf smsqvf
skf yfsh, kcdmW shilGf rW. spsrkc skfmfv ilGfv Ist skfmfv bfm
rq, kfsk kfslv drQsn rq. zfv kfvf shilGf hst kfslv hlbfm W
tf rq, nckvfQ kfslv nQJAf hfVst kfslv JcwD rWqfv jKf!
snfbfmdB shfbde zfmfv! ilGf jv hst dbsusj idvshsw sYfe sHsh
hsnf bf. jfvB pfvf ilGfv nfsK iK yst kfvf `sofshyfvD' bq. hvQ
 ilGfv dhLfb -----------------------------
`sofshyfvD' skf shilGf shrfqfvf, pfvf dbvDsrv mskf dbsuslv slr
hf kfv vi icvNslv mfsU dhkvB jsv.
ilGfv dhLfb iftb jvfv nmq dbqk dEj svsJ sjht zffrv Wqfs
ilGf jvsh. kfsk sjfb fhsjv dkv zfwf jvsh bf hQ sjfb
dblcsjv dblfv Hq jvsh bf. zfv msb sjfb iajfv nQwq rst msb
msb sHshf, ilGf skfmfv oshGv dhNq. ilGf skfmfv hflk. ilGf skfmfv
nWqfh. pk[B shfvjfq Kfjsh, kk[B (dbqk vfJst) skfmfv
hflk W nWqfh rsh. i[fsv shilGf mdrtf pk[B iv-icvsNv
lxdsk Kfsj, kk[B kfv sofbfr rsk Kfsj.
skfmfv jmbDq slr skfmfv jfsY zffrv slWqf zfmfbk. kf
iv-icvsNv busv sIst kfsk dJqfbk jvsk ifv bf.
skfmfv ilGf Ivp. spmb bfmfp-svfpf kAfdl Ivp. zkh
zffrv Ivp iftb jvsk sisv skfmfv zfbl rWqfv jKf.
ilGf ntfsmv jde iakDj. icvNslv lfdV spmb Dsbv iakDj.
mdrtfslv ilGf skmdb Dsbv iakDj. iakDj mfbcsNv mfsU iadkf
j'sv zsbjfsbj nWqfshv zdLjfvD rWqf pfq.
mfblfv shfbde zfmfv! ilGfv dhLfb mfbsk dosq kcdm rqskf
jfdjk shfL jvY. idvshsw kcdm dbsusj dhvt HfhY. dj kfsk
skfmfv ubA ncnQhfl vsqsY. Dsbv bhD hstsYb, dbyq ntfm
(iahfnDv mk znrfq) zinQJAj mfbcN dbsq wcvsk zfomb jsvsY
hQ zbcvi zi nQJAj mfbcN dbsq HdhNAsk iakAfomb jvsh,
spmb wcvsk zfomb jsvdYt. nckvfQ ncnQhfl mcdsmq stfsjslv
ubA. (mcndtm)
zbA j hBGbfq zfsY,--- nckvfQ wcH nQhfl (iahfnDv mk
znrfq) zi nQJAj stfsjslv ubA, pfvf mfbcN zn{ rsq sost
kfslvsj nQfv j'sv ndEj isK vfJsk nsy rq. (zfhc zfmXv zflXlfbD)
ilGfbwDb shfbde zfmfv! skfmfv ilGf dbsq pdl sj jcmhA jsv
zKhf den mfsv, kfrst sv drjmskv nfsK hstf zKhf msb msb
svsJf sp,
wk sbfQvfdmv mfsU idhkf jk ncNm!
lcydvkfv bfbf lcoGsv mfsU nydvkfv zfkv jk ncomq!
wk DklfnDslv mfsU jkj fLDbfv mpGflf jk dhwft!
Ob zjfsvv mfsU lc-jde zfstfv Uvjf jk mLcv!
53 54 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
dlo-ianfvD mvHCdmv mfsU mvlAfsbv lc-yfvde softfi jk nclv
W snZvHmq!
msb nfbf dbsqf, kcdm ilGfq zfsqwf-Ifskmfv mskf. kcdm sjfb
ofdqjf hf zdHsbDv mskf bW. zfv sp sp ufdkv mskf shw LfvB
jsv, sn sn ufdkv zHGc. sp sp ufdksj Hfthfsn, kfv sn
ufdkv nfsK rfwv rsh.
idvshswv nfsK durfl jvsk rq ilGfbwDb djswfvD-kvBDsj.
vfdbqf nshmf zm swaBDsk sEsY. hYsvv vsk sn ilGfv nfsK
ct sosY. nhfv dhIfdvk y[c kfv dlsj. sj de]ejfdv jsv, sj
dedb jfse, sj H{Gnbf jsv. sj hst, `jDsv! Jb sKsj rfuDdhdh
rsq sodt slJdY! JbW skf skfv hqn rqdb.'
sj hst, `skfsj zfuDh tfosY mfdv! ef bf ivst dj rq bf?'
sj hst, `skfv hfhf hcdU smZthflD? skfsj zncdhLf tfso bf?'
sj hst, `JbW sn mLApcoDq zHAfn skfslv mfsU vsq sosY!'
sj hst, `zfLcdbj pcsov nHAkfv zfstf jJb ifdh sv skfvf?'
slv zfOfk skf nrA jvf sot. jfvB kfvf nrifED-nrifdEbD.
dj iVf swfbfsk Hct rst mfefv mwfq htstb, `ilGf skf jsvY
slJdY, kf iVfsk j]fyf sjb?'
mcndtm mfefv. k]fv jKf dhYcdev ifkf tfofv mskf ofsq tfot.
ivdlb sKsj sn zfv ct sot bf. ilGf mfbsk dosq sn ct YfVsk
hfLA rt.
pfslv zfswifsw oftGn ct sb, kfslv djswfvD W kvBDslv
iVfswfbf Edk hqsn sHs pfq. tfH jD, pdl ut sJsk dosq Ode
rfdvsq pfq kfrst?
dj h kvBD zfsY, pfvf zfkdhwfsn zet sKsj durfl j'sv
ilGfv nfsK iVfswfbf jsv. durfsl ivfusqv zfwf Kfjst Osv hsn
dbsuv k-zfhv hufq svsJ dw[fmCtj bfbf h-icj isV.
hfdVskW zsbsj ilGfv ubA sJ]fyf mfsv, `ilGfv bfsm jfsu I]fdj
dlst rsh?' sjfb Hct rst hst, `ilGf zfsY, hcd sb!'
Osv-hfsv bfbf sJ]fyf sJsk sJsk ilGfbwDb [k-dh[k rq. khcW
durfl yfdtsq spsk rq kfsj. sp kfv zffrv jcm.
ilGfq iviv nrspfdokf
 ilGfv dhLfb -----------------------------
ntfsmv h dhNq zfsY, pf jfjD iftb jvf hV lcjv. zsbj
nmq jfjD iftb rq bf. efdIj zfb spmb lc-jub mfbst
lcOGebfv rfk sKsj v[f ifWqf pfq bf, skmdb idvhfsvv zsbsjv
msLA lc-jusbv ilGfv dhLfb smsb ytf hV jdEb rsq isV.
Osvv msLA h hf smsq pdl zffrv vrmsk ilGfbwDb rq, dj
hfdVv zbA mdrtf hf icvN pdl kfsk nrspfdokf bf jsv, kfrst
ilGfq Kfjf jdEb rq. mf pdl hst, `zfmfv Hfsif-hcbsifvf Osv
zfmfv jfsY zfnsh. skfvf ilGf jvdh, Osv Tcsj Kfjdh.' hfi pdl
hst, `zfmfv Hfsif-hcbsifvf Osv zfmfv jfsY zfnsh. skfvf ilGf
jvdh, Osv Tcsj Kfjdh.' Hf pdl hst, `zfmfv wftf-Hfvfvf Osv
zfmfv jfsY zfnsh. skfvf ilGf jvdh, Osv Tcsj Kfjdh.' kfrst
ilGfbwDb jk[B zfv Osv Tcsj sKsj ilGf iftb jvsk ifsv?
zffrv drlfqfsk D ilGfbwDb, dj fmD ilGf iYl jsv bf. zKhf
wvhfdVv stfsj ilGf iYl jsv bf, spsrkc kfslv hfsvv jfu yf
zKhf zfkDqslv dJlmk jvf yf, kfrstW ilGf mfbf hV jdEb rsq
pfq mdrtfv is[.
kJb kfsj durfl jvsk rq. dhsvfLD is[v jfsY ivfuq dwjfv
j'sv dbst rq bf. spsrkc zffrv vnCt hstb, skfmfslv msLA
sjfb hflf kk[B ipG mcdmb rsk ifsv bf; pk[B ipG bf zfdm
kfv dbje kfv dbu ic, dikf hQ nm mfbcsNv yfsk zdLj
diaqkm rsk sisvdY. (hcJfvD 15, mcndtm 44bQ, bfnf)
dkdb hstb, nafv zhfLAkf j'sv sjfb nxdv zfbcokA sb.
(nrDr, mcnbfsl zfrml)
nckvfQ mdrtfv ubA zffr W k]fv vnCstv zhfLA rsq fmD hf zbA
jfsvf hfLA rWqf hL bq.
zbcvi slswv kfoCkD zfsb pdl ilGf dbdN rq, kfrst kf mfbA
jvf hL bq. spsrkc sp zfb ntfsmv zfsb bfifj rs[i jsv,
sn zfb W zfb-iasBkf mcndtmslv mfbbDq bq.
hV lc}sJv dhNq sp, ilGf mfbfv hAfifsv nrspfdokf mffnfq iVf dFsf
zfstmvfW jsv bf. nckvfQ mb shzfmt zfstmvf `d'pfb' (zsbAv
oxr-iashswv bDdk) mfbsk yfq bf. kfsk bfdj kfslv zimfb rq!
j Hf htstb, `kfv Hfqvf kfv hfdV zfsn. sjfb zbcmdk sbq
bf. zKy sn zfstm! zfmfv shF-vm zfnsk dkb-yfvde lvuf ifv
55 56 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
rsk rq, dj sn jde lvufskW sjfb iajfsvv zbcmdk sbWqfv
iasqfub msb jsv bf. wftDv hfdV st bfdj zbcmdk tfso bf.
zbcmdk dbsk rq ivsj. zfv sn skf Osvv stfj!'
zsbsj zfhfv hc dbsq h slJskW pfq. zsbsj `syrfvf slJfsbf
ufsqp'-v Iskfqf dbsq fdnjkfv nfsK hsj shilGf hfdbsq vfsJ.
zsbsj icvsNv mfKfq ecdi tfofsbf dbsq h hfVfhfdV jsv, dj
dbsuv hsqv mfKfq jfiV vfJfv hAfifsv sjfb vk slq bf. kfslv
nfmsb sjfb ilGfbwDb st kfsj ilGfq nrspfdokf jsv bf, hvQ
dTsedm j'sv kfv iadk mb nQjDBGkf nxd jsv, pfsk sn kfv nfmsb
zfnsk hfLA rq. zfv pfv Ist sn mb mdrtfv mcsJ `mftb'W rq.
zsbsj hA jsv. ilGfbwDbsj dbsq irfn jsv. kfv zbAfbA
dev jKf sJ j'sv stfsjv nfmsb kfv ilGfsj `TdMv TM' hst
iayfv jsv! shfvjf-WqftDsj slsJ zsbsj `rfdk' hQ zsbsj `HCk'
hst jef[ jsv! sj zfhfv dhi j'sv hst, `mf zfsqwf zfnsY
sof!' nh djYc syfJ hcsu nrA jvsk rq ilGfbwDbsj.
zKy ntfsmv sjfb djYcsj dbsq Eff-hA jvf mcbfdIjslv jfu.
khCsjv pcs j mcbfdIj j mudtsn zfsifsn zfstfybf jvsk
jvsk htt, `zfdm skf zfmfslv jfvDslvsj msb jdv, kfvf
zfmfslv msLA nhsysq shwD siecj, nhfv sysq shwD dmKcAj hQ pcs
nhfv sysq HDv.'
mrfbhD -v dbje Jhv sost mcbfdIjvf dmKAf Wuv siw j'sv
htsk tfot, `zfmvf EffYst mb jKf hstdYtfm.' dj mrfb
zffr kfslv msbv jKf Jcst dlsq jcvzfsbv zfqfk zhkDBG jvstb,
' E# ( ) ~ ' % % <W& % )h) <& W& H) ' <) % & R<i'
& ) % :<@ $ ' <@& % ) % <' D' ~'
& , fp& N9 & ) f&%P 9^K
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' ' % R<) ' ' 1vu. E' 9^<
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)5<) ' % <W& V<& ' % 3' ' `& <l3 & ' % ' 5< ' $ ) % &
% D' 3
& % ' E# & ) ' ;#) ' % ' % p& % y' ' % W' 9^:p
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e : N9 @ 1vv. {r ' ) ) % & 35& ' % & oU( ' ) ey5
+ ' ) ' % ^3 , ' & % A%& f ) ey5
F ') '
zKGf{, mcbfdIjvf zfwQjf jsv sp, kfslv (mcntmfbslv) iadk mb
sjfb nCvf bfdpt rsq isV pf kfslvsj sn mcbfdIjslv zsvv jKf
zhdrk j'sv slsh. kcdm hst lfW, `skfmvf dhlai jvsk Kfj.
dbyq zffr sn dhNqsj iajfw jsv slshb, sp ns skfmvf
zfwQjf jvdYst.' zfv pdl kfslvsj dusn jv, kfrst kfvf
 ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 57 58 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
dbyq htsh sp, `zfmvf skf wcLc zftfi-zfstfybf W rfdn-kfmfwf sost mcndtm Kfjf pfsh bf.
jvdYtfm.' kcdm hst lfW, `skfmvf dj zffr, kf]v zfqfknmCr hQ r]Af, ilGfbwDb zhwA smZthflD mdrtf. zfv ef kfv iawQnf W
vnCtsj dbsq hA-dhi jvdYst?' skfmvf Jb (hfsu) Wpv siw oshGv dhNq. jfvB mCt Dbsj sj mfbsk bf ifvst `iajk x mcndtm'
jsvf bf, skfmvf skf dbsuslvsj mc'dmb iajfw jvfv iv jcIvD jsvY, rsk ifsv bf. spef JcwD snef smsb zKhf djYcef smsb W djYcef bf smsb
pdlW zfdm skfmfslv mLA rsk jkjsj [mf j'sv dl, khcW zKhf smZt dhNq hfl dlsq soZB dhNq smsb `mcndtm' rWqf pfq bf.
jkjsj wfd slh, jfvB kfvf zivfLD. (kfWhfr } 64-66) nhGjfspG jub mfbcsNv zfmCt ntfmD idvhkGb bf st sn `mcndtm'
ilGfbwDb kfslv dhvsW durfl jsv. kfvf pdl zfu kfv rsk ifsv bf. sjht jfstmf isV hQ kfv kf{ipG bf susb, sjht
mfblfvD W shfvjf dbsq Eff jsv, jft sn kfslv dhi zhf slsJ zfbcfdbj (ivh kAfdl) iftb j'sv W mcntmfbD bfm dbsq `mcndtm'
Eff jvsh. mrfb zffr hstb, rWqf pfq bf.
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) & E#
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zKGf{, dbyq pfvf zivfLD kfvf mc'dmbslvsj dbsq irfn jvk
hQ kfvf pJb mcdmbslv dbje dlsq spk, kJb syfJ desi wfvf zKGf{, kcdm dj t[A jv bf, zffr djHfsh imf dlsq Kfsjb?
jvk hQ pJb kfvf zfibusbv dbje dIsv zfnk, kJb kfvf n{hfsjAv imf {jx hx[; pfv mCt nclPx W pfv wfJf-iawfJf zfjfsw
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iK.' zKy kfslvsj skf slv nQv[jvsi ifEfsbf rqdb! zfu zfv zffr mfbcsNv ubA imf hBGbf jsv Kfsjb, pfsk kfvf dw[f
kf mcdmboB irfn jvsh jfsIvslvsj dbsq. ncndk zfnsb hsn oarB jsv. (hafrDm } 24-25)
kfvf slJsk Kfjsh. jfsIvvf pf jvk, kfv It kfvf sit skf? i[fsv pfslv mfbD hx[ kfslv mmGmCst hmCt rqdb. hvQ isv
(mckfIXdIIDb } 29-36) isv kfv djYc Fft-ifkf slJf pfq kfv lfrvBW mrfb zffr
ilGfbwDb pdl dhijfvDslv syfsJ `rfdk' rq, kfrst ilGfv durflD dlsqsYb,
isK ytsk kfv bDdk zhtb jvf dyk, `rfKD ytkf vsrof, 1v. { 9F ' W' ) 5' ' 5 ' `94
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ilGfbwDb slsJ zsbsj kfsj `snsjst' hst. msb rq hf pfv sjfb fdqk sb. ( } 26)
nhGdhNsq `sjst' zfLcdbj. zKy ilGfrDbkf zdLj `snsjst.' ofsYv mCt bf Kfjst ofY h]fsy jDHfsh? ntfsmv smZt dhNq bf
ntfm zfnfv iCshG ufsrtD pcsov smsqvf zfLcdbjfslv mskf `dI- smsb sjht soZB dhNq Yfmskf smsb `mcndtm' Kfjf pfq jDHfsh?
hdF' hf `dI-sn'-v fLDbkf dbsq ytfsIvf jvk. `v[BwDtkf' mrfb zffr sp hstb,
) ) <{ + ( ' ) % , H) % & {& % % &f ' ] ' ;^) ( 5' G ' 5;'
vsqsY lfv zfLcdbjfslv msLA shdw. jfvB kfvf kfslv v[BwDtkfq % <A& ' & <3#( ) E5' % }<
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`snsjst', hvQ ntfsmv nh djYc `snsjst.' kfrst `sjst' rsk zKGf{, sr mc'dmboB! skfmvf idviCBGvsi ntfsm iashw jv hQ
wqkfsbv ilf zbcnvB jsvf bf. dbyq sn skfmfslv iajfwA w.
 ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 59 60 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
(hfjfvfr } 208) nrA jvsk ifsv bf. zfv kfv Ist sn isvv jKfq sb dbsuv [dk
ilGfbwDb mdrtf mb bfmLfvD mcntmfbslv dbje sKsj ilGf mfbfv jsv. zKy mrfb zffr hstb,
hAfifsv h jecjKf swfsb, kfsj nh syfJ hcsu nsq dbsk rq. zfv = N9 @ 1v. {E' &fW) ;& J' ' ;^) ( n(' fyl:
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djYcsk. mrfb zffr hstsYb, dhwfnD bq, kfvf spb zhwA skfmfsj dhydtk jvsk bf ifsv. (vm }
) ) 5:A) ) ) ) )
' < ' % A& ) iW% ' ' ' % % p& & ' ;^ ( ' ( B& ' % :' ' ' % A& y3& ' ' % A& ' % ' H) E( & ' i:% & ' 60)
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) nckvfQ ivjfstv Ov tfH jvsk mdrtfv kf jvf dyk.
zKGf{, (sr dhhfdnoB!) dbyq skfmfslv LSbhpG W uDhb ns
ivD[f jvf rsh. zfv skfmfslv iCshG pfslvsj djkfh slWqf rsqdYt
kfslv hQ zQwDhflD (mcwdvj)slv jfY sKsj zhwA skfmvf zsbj
jlfqj jKf bsk ifsh. nckvfQ pdl skfmvf SLpG LfvB jv hQ
nQpmD rW, kfrst kf rsh lxPnQjsiv jfu. (zfst mvfb } 186) ilGfv dhLfb zmfbAjfvDv dhLfb
nckvfQ pf fHfdhj, kf fHfdhjHfsh hvB j'sv dbsk rsh. stfsj sp bfvD-icvN ilGfv dhLfb zmfbA jsv kfvf lc swaBDv }-
jKf hst jD jvsh? 1. kfvf ufsb W mfsb sp kf Ivp, dj zhsrtf j'sv mfsb bf.
{ |5f r mf T^ 2 s 5D r mf T^ E5 "# kfrst kfvf Ifsnj hQ jfhDvf sofbfrv sofbfrofv.
2. kfvf Ivp susbW kf mfsb bf. zivsj mfbsk hfLf slq. ilGf
zKGf{, pdl zfmfv W zffrv mfsUv nijG hufq Kfsj, kfrst zmfbA jvfsj bfvD-fLDbkf msb jsv hQ shilGf rsq Ocsv shVfsbfsj
zfmfv W stfsjv mfsUv nijG Jfvfi rstW isvfqf sb. bfvDv smZdtj zdLjfv dhwfn jsv, kfrst sn jfsIv. v jfvB }-
1. sn jcvzfsbv zfslw zmfbA jsv.
ilGf mfbsk hfLf djsnv? 2. kfv msb mc'dmbslv mfsU zwDtkfv ianfv jfmbf Kfsj. spsrkc
zsbj mdrtf Db W ilGf mfbsk yfq. dj ifdvifdwGj zhf kfv ilGf zmfbA jvst bfvD-icvsNv zhfL dmtfsmwfq zwDtkf YdVsq
nrspfdokf jsv bf. spmb zsbj zmcndtm ntfsmv snZlspG mc rsq iVsh. zfv mrfb zffr hstb,
mcndtm rsk yfq, dj kfv ifdvifdwGjkf kfv nrspfdokf jsv bf. D- 5' 3% G < H) $ <) ' $ ^<' <D' % <& ' <&f ' ] ' ;^<) < ( H) e}<
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kfvf zfnst ivjfstv ncsJv isv rjfstv ncJsj iafLfbA slq. kfv
Ist rjfstv mfqf-hsb zfh sKsj ivjfstv ncJsj ifsq j'sv zKGf{, pfvf dhhfnDslv msLA zwDtkfv ianfv jfmbf jsv, kfslv
sEst sIst slq! ubA zfsY rstfsj W ivstfsj mmGl wfd. zfv zffr ufsbb,
mdrtf ilGf jvsk yfq, dj kfsj yflv hf shfvjf ivsk tf skfmvf ufb bf. (bCv } 19)
tfso! stfsjv jKfsj Hq jsv. jfvB idvshsw kfv mskf ilGfbwDb 3. sn msb jsv, mrfb zffr mdrtfsj ilGf jvsk hst kfv iadk
nyvfyv slJf pfq bf. pctcm jsvsYb hQ kfv smZdtj zdLjfv sjsV dbsqsYb! (bfpc
nmfstfyjslv nmfstfybfsj sn si[f jvsk ifsv bf. dhfdr dmb pfdtj.)
dhijfvDslv dhisj sn zoafrA jvsk ifsv bf. dejf-dedbsj sn zKy mrfb zffr hstsYb, `sr zfmfv hflfvf! zfdm dbsuv iv
pctcmsj rfvfm jsvdY hQ skfmfslv mfsUW kf rfvfm sOfNBf jvdY.
nckvfQ skfmvf sj zsbAv iv pctcm jsvf bf.--- (mcndtm 2577bQ)
 ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 61
zfv sp zffrsj `pfstm' iadkiflb jsv, sn dj jm hV pfstm?
tfmfoB hstb, sp mdrtf ilGfv dhLfb ufbfv isvW dbsuv ldrj
snZlpG iv-icvsNv nfmsb hL sHsh dbsq shv j'sv vfJsh, sn mdrtf
jfsIv. spsrkc sn zffrv `rfvfm'sj `rftft' j'sv sbq.
mfm mfstj hstsYb, `sp hAd zfhC hfjXv W mfvsj ofdt slsh,
kfsj zflhmCtj wfd slWqf rsh. zfv sp zfsqwfsj ofdt slsh,
kfsj rkAf jvf rsh. spsrkc mrfb zffr hstsYb,
' ) ) g% & % :f& & E#
1/0:9 f . Xrf % ) + ' ' ) ) % )P & p
& ' E% ' & % A& & ;' M
zKGf{, zffr skfmfslvsj islw dlsYb, skfmvf pdl mc'dmb rW,
kfrst jJbW vi zfyvsBv icbvfhxd jsvf bf. (bCv } 17)
nckvfQ sp zfsqwfsj ofdt slq, sn zfnst jcvzfsbv dhvfyvB
jsv. zfv sp jcvzfsbv dhvfyvB jvsh, (ntfmD zflftskv
dhyfsv) kfsj rkAf jvf rsh. spsrkc sn sn dudbnsj rftft msb
jsv, pf zffr kfzftf rfvfm sOfNBf jsvsYb.
zbcvi ilGfv dhLfsbv hAfifsvW sp jcvzfsbv dhvfyvB j'sv
`ilGf bfvDv zdLjfv tQOb' sHsh dbsu mfbsh bf, zivsj zmfbA
jvsk c jvsh hQ kfv ubA stJfdtdJ W iayfv jvsh, ntfmD
vfs kfv wfd rsh rkAf. (zft-Dzfh IDmf jDtf dIt drufh 270-271ix})
vfnCtcfr hstsYb, lc iajfv ufrffmD stfj zfdm (Jb ipG)
iakA[ jdvdb (zKGf{, isv kfslv zfdhHGfh Oesh) kfslv msLA (2)
mb j swaBDv mdrtf, pfvf (mb bo) sifwfj ivsh sp, (hfsh)
t Kfjsh, (iv icvNsj) dbsuslv iadk zfjNGB jvsh W dbsuvfW
(iv icvsNv iadk) zfjx rsh. kfslv mfKf rsh sev srst pfWqf
j]csuv mk. Lvsbv mdrtfvf uffsk iashw jvsh bf hQ kfv
ncoW ifsh bf. zKy uffskv nco k k lCvskv iK sKsj
ifWqf pfsh. (mcndtm)
kfvf ufrffmD, kfvf uffk pfsh bf, uffskv oW ifsh bf,
kfrst swaBDv mdrtfvf dj jfsIv?
r]Af, pdl kfvf zfyvB rfvfm susbW `rftft' sHsh jsv, kfrst.
i[fsv pdl sj rftft bf sHsh zhsrtfhwk} jsv hQ kWhf
bf j'sv mfvf pfq, kfrst djqfmsk sn zffrv YfLDb Kfjsh. dkdb
Yf jvst kWrDslv sB kfsj [mf j'sv slshb. zfv kf bf rst
62 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
zivfL zbcpfqD ufrffsm wfd sHfofshb. zk}iv kWrDslv sB
jdlb kfsj shsrwXsk fb slshb. (zft-Dzfh IDmf jDtf dIt drufh 461ix})
ksh hfh sp, pfvf ilGfv dhLfb mfbsk yfq bf, kfvf nfLfvBk} kfv
sKsj hV dhLfbW mfsb bf. ntfsmv i sv iaKm smZdJj
iftb jvstW dkDq bfmfp zflfq jsv bf. htf hftA,
pfslvsj slJshb ilGf-dhsvfLD hf shfvjf-dhsND, kfvf nfLfvBk}
shbfmfpD W ydv-dhbfwD. nfvf dhsw zfu ipG pfvf ilGfv dhvs
zfWqfu kcstsY, jtm LsvsY, dmdYt jsvsY, shfvjf icdVsqsY,
)
illdtk jsvsY, ilGf dbsq hA-dhi jsvsY, kfslv sj bfmfpD
bq hQ kfslv iafq njst ifyfskAv tftsb tfdtk mfKf-Wqftf.
wvqD ilGfv wkGfhtD
fkhA sp, wvDqsk mdrtfslv sthfsnv wkGfhtD dbmvi}- (1)
1. sthfn spb slsrv nhGfsj sTsj vfsJ. slsrv sjfb z hf snZlpG
spb sjfb shofbf (pfv nfsK sjfbW nmsq dhhfr ShL mb) icvsNv
nfmsb iajfw bf ifq. sjbbf mrfbhD hstb, smsq mfbcsNv nhef
tffb (sofibDq). zfv sn pJb shv rq, kJb wqkfb kfsj icvsNv
lxdsk idvswfdHkf j'sv skfst. (dkvdmpD, dmwjfk 3109 bQ)
mrfb zffr hstb, sr bhD! kcdm skfmfv ikDoBsj, jbAfoBsj hQ
mcdmbslv DoBsj hst lfW, kfvf spb kfslv yflsvv djqlQw dbsuslv
(syrfvfv) iv sesb sbq---. (nCvf zfrpfh 59 zfqfk)
sm nftfmfr (vfdpqff zfbrf) hstb, ` zfqfk zhkDBG rst
(mlDbfv) zfbnfvslv mdrtfvf pJb shv rt, kJb kfslv mfKfq
(jfstf) yflv (hf smfef WVbf) slsJ msb rdYt spb Wslv mfKfq jfstf
jfsjv U]fj hsn zfsY!' (zfhC lfl 4101 bQ)
zffr kfzftfv zfslw, mcdmb smsqvf spb kfslv OfV W hcjsj mfKfv
jfiV fvf sTsj sbq---. (nCvf bCv 31 zfqfk)
zfsqwf (vfdpqff zfbrf) hstb, `iCshGv mcrfduv mdrtfslv iadk
zffr vrm jsvb. zfqfk zhkDBG rst kfvf kfslv idvsLq
jfiVnmCsrv msLA nhsysq smfef jfiVdesj sIsV mfKfv WVbf hfdbsq
mfKf (mcJ-OfV-otf-hcj) sTsjdYt.' (zfhC lfl 4102bQ)
nfrfhfslv mdrtfoB pJb isK ytskb, kJb k]fslv dbmfsv jfisVv
(1) sdJk wkGfhtD zfmfv jfdLj icdjfq dhhxk rsqsY. de ilGfv h bf rst icsj kfv
icbvfhxd Oefkfm bf.
 ilGfv dhLfb -----------------------------
swN iaf mfdev iv sY]yXsV spk. bfifj ufqofsk ytfv nmsqW kfslv
sj ifsqv ifkf shv jvskb bf. (dmwjfk 504, 512, 4335bQ)
nckvfQ mfKf W ifsqv mLAhkDG sjfb z sp iajfw jvf pfsh bf, kf
zbcsmq.
fkhA sp, mdrtfslv ifsqv ifkf sofib jvf zsbsjv msk uvvD bf
rstW m zhwA hse. nckvfQ sn s[s smfuf W uckfv mfLAsm kf
ilGf j'sv dbstW ytsh. (IfkfWqf hsb NfmDb 2/838)
2. sp shfvjf hf yflv mdrtf idvLfb jvsh, snef spb (shofbf icvsNv
nfmsb) snZlpGmq W lxd-zfjNGD bf rq. spsrkc mrfb zffr hstb,
nfLfvBk} pf iajfw rsq Kfsj, kf YfVf kfvf spb kfslv zbAfbA snZlpG
iajfw bf jsv. (nCvf bCv 31 zfqfk)
iajfw Kfsj sp, sp shfvjf hf yflv snZlpGJdyk, pfv iv jfmlfdbv
bfbf bf jvf zfsY zKhf ifKv hf ycmdj hnfsbf zfsY zKhf sp shfvjf
hf yflv bfbf lxd-zfjNGD vsM vdk, sn shfvjf hf yflvsj zfsvf jde
nflf-mfEf shfvjf hf yflv dlsq Tfjf uvvD.
3. yflv hf shfvjf spb mb ifktf bf rq, pfsk jfisVv iv
sKsjW dHksvv yfmVf busv zfsn. bsy{ Tfjf KfjstW sJftfv
ipGfqHc. hAfifsv j rflDsn zffrv vnCt zfnmf (vfdpqff jfsnm hstsYb sp, sn mdrtfv sjfb bfmfp jhct rq bf, sp kfv
zfbrf)sj nkjG jsvdYstb. (zfhC lfl, dmwjfk 4372 bQ)
jlf rfInf dhs zfcv vrmfb ifktf WVbf isv mf zfsqwf
(vfdpqff zfbrf) v dbje sost dkdb kfv WVbfsj dY]sV sIst
dlstb hQ kfsj jde smfef WVbf ivsk dlstb. (mfstj, dmwjfk 4375 bQ)
mrfbhD hstb, lc swaBDv mfbcN slfpJhfnD; pfslvsj zfdm (Jsbf)
sldJdb. ---(slv msLA dkDq swaBDv mfbcN sn) mdrtflt, pfvf jfiV
isvW t Kfjsh, ziv icvNsj dbsuv dlsj zfjx jvsh hQ dbsuW
kfv dlsj zfjx rsh, pfslv mfKf (ycstv sJ]fif) drst Kfjf ]sev j]sc uv
mk rsh. kfvf shsrs iashw jvsh bf. zfv kfv ncoW ifsh bf; zKy
kfv nco k k lCvhkGD fb sKsjW ifWqf pfsh. (zfrmfl, mcndtm,
nrDt ufsm' 3799bQ)
dkdb zfsvf hstb, zfmfv swN pfmfbfv mskv msLA djYc mb
stfj rsh pfvf Osvv mk dubX (smfev ofdV)sk nWqfv rsq mnduslv
lvufq lvufq bfmsh. (ofdV jsv bfmfp iVsk zfnsh.) zfv kfslv
mdrtfvf rsh zLGbof; pfslv mfKf jxw ]sev jcs] uv mk (sJ]fif) rsh.
63 64 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
skfmvf kfslvsj zdHwfi jsvf. jfvB, kfvf zdHwf! (zfrmfl
2/223, hsb drfb, kfhfvfbD, dn} nfrDrfr 2683bQ)
4. shfvjf spb mb z]fe-n]fe (efeXdIe) bf rq, pfsk slsrv (hcj-
sie-ifYfv) ]yc-dbyc hcUf pfq. jfvB mb TfjfW sJftfv ipGfqHc hQ
lxd-zfjNGD.
5. yflv hf shfvjf spb ncodk bf rq. mrfbhD hstb, sneX
dhtfhfv sswA sjfb mdrtf pdl kf hAhrfv j'sv icvNslv nfmsb pfq,
ksh sn shwAf smsq. (zfhC lfl, dkvdmpD, dmwjfk 1065bQ)
sneX hAhrfv j'sv mdrtf mnduslW spsk ifsv bf. jlf yfwXskv
nmq zfhC vfvf mndul sKsj shv rstb. slJstb, jde mdrtf
mndul iashsw lAk. kfv slr hf sthfn sKsj {jx ncodv nchfn
YVfdYt. zfhC vfvf mdrtfdev ssw htstb, `zftfdjnX nftfm.'
mdrtfde nftfsmv v dlt. dkdb kfsj iaw jvstb, `sjfKfq pfsh
kcdm?' sn htt, `mndusl.' htstb, `dj ubA mb nclv ncod smsJY
kcdm?' htt, `mnduslv ubA.' htstb, `zffrv jnm?' htt,
`zffrv jnm.' icbvfq htstb, `zffrv jnm?' htt, `zffrv
jnm.' kJb dkdb htstb, `ksh swfb, zfmfsj zfmfv diaqkm zfhct
fmD YfVf zbA jfsvfv ubA ncod hAhrfv jsv; pk[B bf sn bfifjDv
sofnt jvfv mk sofnt j'sv sbq. zkh kcdm dIsv pfW hQ sofnt
j'sv ncod Lcsq sIt. kfviv dIsv sn bfmfp isVf.' (zfhC lfl,
bfnf, hsb mfufr, hfrfjD, dntdntfr nrDrfr 1031bQ)
6. sthfn spb sjfb jfsIv mdrtfv zbcjkx bf rq. diaq bhD hstb,
sp hAd sp ufdkv nflxwA zhtb (sthfsn-sifwfsj, yft-ytsb
zbcjvB) jvsh, sn kfslv ltHc. (zfhC lfl, dmwjfk 4347bQ)
7. kf spb icvNslv sthfsnv zbcvi bf rq. mrfbhD sn
bfvDslvsj zdHwfi dlsqsYb, pfvf icvNslv shw LfvB jsv hQ sn
icvNslvsjW zdHwfi dlsqsYb, pfvf bfvDslv shw LfvB jsv. (zfhC
lfl 4097, hsb mfufr 1904bQ)
dkdb sn icvNsj zdHwfi dlsqsYb, sp mdrtfv mk sthfn isv hQ
sn mdrtfsjW zdHwfi dlsqsYb, sp icvsNv mk sthfn isv. (zfhC
lfl 4098, hsb mfufr 1903bQ)
8. sthfn spb u]fjumjiCBG iadndubj bf rq. jfvB, dhvt Lvsbv
(Jch Hfstf zKhf Jch Jfvfi) sthfn ivst nfLfvBk} idvLfbjfvDv msb
 ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 65 66 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
ohG nxd rq hQ lwGsjv lxd zfjNGB jsv. kf mrfbhD hstb, sp CD Z W b rD H 5 i >; rD " = 5 ? P
hAd lcdbqfsk iadndubj sthfn ivsh, zffr kfsj djqfmsk tfbfv 9 5 5D 9 5i+ J : 5 : > ;
sthfn ivfshb. (zfrmfl, zfhC lfl, hsb mfufr, dmwjfk 4346bQ)
sp hAd u]fjumjiCBG sthfn ivsh, zffr kfsj djqfmsk zbcvi zKGf{,nm (spZb) lcOGebfv nCifk lxd sKsj rq. zdLjfQw
sthfn idvsq kf zdol jvshb. (zfhC lfl, hfrfjD, nrDt ufsm' 6526bQ) zdojf Ose sYf zfv sKsj.
mfblfv shfbde zfmfv! shfvjfv iaytb rWqfv iv sKsj hkGmfsb jk lxd kfv jkGfv rlqsj LQn jsvsY, Lbcj W kfvrDb kDsvv
kfW j swaBDv IAfwb-sFsn idvBk rsqsY. nckvfQ slfjfsb dosq sn mskf.
swaBDv shfvjf iYl jsvf bf. spmb kcdm zfIofbD shfvjf iYl jv bf, syfJ-Wqftf mfbcN pk[B jfdmbDslv syfsJ syfJ svsJ hfvhfv
skmdb dFufb-Wqftf shfvjfW ziYl jv. jfvB Hq iajfv lxdifk jsv, kk[B sn dhislv iv lfqmfb Kfsj.
shfvjf icvsNv lxd zfjNGB jsv. Wef slJsk zCk tfso hst, zfv sp dudbn kfv zfkfv ubA [dkjv, kf dlsq dbsuv y[csj sJfw
ef syfsJ-tfof nclv tfso hst. jsv. zKy sn JcwDsj sjfb fokm bq, pfv idvBfm rt [dk.
qfn hsb nf'tfhfr zfbnfvD rfsvnD hstb, jlf vfnCtc fr lxdsk sp dhid nxd rq, kfv dhdH ipGfq hBGbf j'sv zbA j jdh
-v nfrfhDoB kf]v dbje lcdbqfv jKf zfstfybf jvstb. vfnCtc fr hstsYb,
?5> s D Bs = As = s e 5 : 5s N 3
htstb, skfmvf dj bsk ifW bf? skfmvf dj bsk ifW bf?
zfVvrDbkf mfsbv z. zfVvrDbkf mfsbv z. zKGf{ zKGf{, iaKsm lxd, kfviv mcydj rfdn, kfviv nftfm. kfviv
dhtfnrDbkf. (zfhC lfl) hfjAftfi, kfviv Wqflf, kfviv dmtb (hAdHyfv).
zfVvrDbkf mfsb nflfdnLf shwHCNf hAhrfv jvf hQ u]fjumj jfm-buv htDsnv kDvvfdwv jde kDv. buv rt hAdHyfsvv
kKf zfVviCBG sthfn huGb jvf. swZdJbkf W dhtfdnkf huGb jvfv sifeX-zdIn.
nfsK zianfdLk slr zhtb jvf. ( Hq mc'dmsbv B.) syfvf yfrdbsk mb ycdv jsv. msb hfnbf nxd jsv, siam nfv jsv. syfJ
W lxdv jKf jdh hstsYb,
ilGfq syrfvf Tfjf uvvD sjb? zf]dJ W skf zf]dJ bsr, hf]jf Ycdv sof
1. mdrtf fvf sp njt dIkbf nxd rq, iafvdjHfsh zShL siam sj ufsb sn jfv mb jsv ycdv sof!
kfv msLA nhsysq hV. zfv kfv nCifk rq lxd sKsj. syfsJv yfrdb siam uosk y[c jKf h'st mb dhNq hcdUsq Kfsj, pf durf iajfw
rlsqv msLA mb zfOfk nxd jsv, spmb kDv jsv dwjfsvv msLA. jvsk z[m. syfsJv sjfsB zfsY pflcv svJf.
kfsk pdl dwjfv rk bf rq, kfrst zfrk zhwA rq. lc lxd rt bqbf Jfsb pflc ufsb nJf j zf]dJ wfvfq
zfsvv bAfq, kf pdl sjfb j JsVv oflfq isV, kfrst kfv Ist t[ pcsov mrf-kinAf sjfKfq dhqf pfq!
nm JV bf icVstW djYcef icsV b rsq pfq. `buvhfB' smsv zsbsj zsbjsj Ofsqt j'sv Kfsj. syfvf yfrdbsk
y[c mb j z, pfv fvf dhidv nCybf rq. syfJfsyfdJ sKsj wcv zsbsj hcdUsq Kfsj sofib iaBsqv nC[ dk.
rq, dj swN rq otfodtsk. sYf zfv ecjvf sKsj nCifk rq --sofib diaqfv ydjk yfrdb; Yt jsv slJf zbcJb,
nhGofnD hV zdojfsv. zfvhD jdh hstsYb, --yit smsqv Hfstfhfnf kfv j]fjb ycdVv jbXjbX.
9! b: 95f f 5 i d
lxdsk hAdHyfv rq. nckvfQ lxd hV nfQOfdkj dhidmq. pfv ubA
zffrifj hstb,
p J | W =5 n:s 5 i 5 V W H QA:s N 3 ( ) % <& ' 2< ' % ' n' ) "' % & ' & s& & yK
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 ilGfv dhLfb -----------------------------
{ ( & ' & s& ' % yK ) ' % ' % ) ' b;
' % ' ' ( ) 95 ) f ) gB
% & % ' z5'
% & % , W& ' * E' '& f;
mcdmb icvNslvsj ht, kfvf spb kfslv lxdsj nQpk vfsJ (buv
Ucdjsq yst) hQ kfslv spZbfsj nfhLfsb nQpk vfsJ; de kfslv
ubA m. Wvf pf jsv, dbyq zffr sn dhNsq zhdrk. zfv mcdmb
bfvDslvsj ht, kfvfW spb dbsuslv lxdsj nQpk vfsJ W tffb
nQv[f jsv---. (bCv } 30-31)
diaq bhD hstb, (sjfb vmBDv iv skfmfv lxd iVst kfv iadk)
hfvhfv lxjXifk jsvf bf. hvQ buv nkv dIdvsq dbW. (nrDr dkvdmpD
2228, 2229bQ) spsrkc y[cW hAdHyfv jsv hQ kfv hAdHyfv rt
(jfm)lxd. (hcJfvD, mcndtm, dmwjfk 86bQ)
nckvfQ pf slJf rfvfm, kf Jcst vfJfW rfvfm hQ Tfjf Wqfsuh. kf
icvN dbu lxdsj mdrtfv Ydh sKsjW nQpk vfJsh hQ mdrtf dbsusj
ivicvsNv lxd sKsj zfVfst vfJsh. pfsk jrfsk kfdt dbyq hfush
bf. zfv hV dhil nxdjfvD z syfJde Kfsj syrfvfq. syfJfsyfdJ
pfsk bf rq, kf skf bfvDv ubA uvvD kfv syrfvfsjW sofib jvf.
2. p]fvf hstb, `mdrtfv mfKf W yct Tfjf uvvD, dj syrfvf Tfjf
uvvD bq.' k]fslv jKf hV zfuDh. nfLfvB mfbcsNW ufsb sp,
mdrtfv ycstv yfsk syrfvf shdw nclv. yct skf Lc yct. zfv
syrfvfq zfsY ttfe, (zsbsjv ttfse dei), zfsY , (zsbsjv
Kfsj nv j Ifdt y]fslv mskf y]fYf), zfsY syfJ (zfv kfsk zfsY
jfut, yt yfrdb W wfvf hQ itsjv ilb), zfsY bfj, zfsY
softfiD WfLv, zfsY oft, (kfW rqskf ifdtw jvf), svZiAnlxw
l]fkjifde zfsY, zfsY dmd rfdn. zfv rfdnsk I]fdn! mcJmst k
djYc Kfjfv isvW kf Tfjf k]fslv jfsY uvvD bq!
k]fvf pJb sjfb mdrtf iYl jsvb, kJb dj yct slsJ jsvb, bfdj
syrfvf slsJ?
pJb htf rq, `smsqef hV nclvD.' kJb dj kfv yct slsJ `nclvD'
htf rq, bfdj syrfvf slsJ?
kfrst sjfbXef Tfjf shdw uvvD? pdl yct Tfjf uvvD rq, kfrst
syrfvf Tfjf zfsvf shdw uvvD.
3. jlf mfsjGse lc mdrtf mfsjGe jvdYt. kfvf shfvjf isvdYt,
dj mcsJv ilGf mfKfv iv yfifsbf dYt hQ smjfi jvf kfslv nclv
mcJJfbf slJf pfdYt. j DbD Hf bnDrk jvfv sswA kfslv jfsY
67 68 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
% ' ')
dosq htstb, `zfif! djYc msb jvshb bf. zfibfvf shfvjf isvsYb,
mf-wfzffr Jch Hft jfu jsvsYb. dj syrfvfef sJftf sjb?
zsi[fjxk hq mdrtfde htt, `syrfvf Tfjf uvvD bq.'
---sj hstsY zfibfslvsj?
---dedHsk sbdY, jub hV mWtfbf htdYstb, `syrfvf Jcst vfJf
ytsh.'
---shw mWtfbfv jKf hfl slb. Jb zfidb htcb, icjcsv pdl mfY
Kfsj. icjcsvv yfdvdlj h Kfsj. dj bftfv wfdmst icjcsvv smfrbf
pdl sJftf Kfsj, kfrst mfY dj icjcsv Kfjsh, bfdj shdvsq pfsh?
---zhwA shdvsq pfsh.
---kfrst zfibfv mf-wfzffr nh Tfjf zfsY. dj `smfrbf' sJftf
zfsY, kfrst ilGfv dj lfm Kfjsh?
mdrtf lc'de zfv kjG bf j'sv syrfvfv ilGf sIst dbt. zffr
kfslvsj `ufpfsq Jfv' lfb jvb.
4. hAfifsv njt tfmf jmk sp, ilGfq bhD-ikDslv syrfvf
Tfjf Wqfsuh. zbA zfqfk zbcpfqD sn Wqfsuh iamfB rq. kfrst sp
zfqfsk bhD-ikD, bhD-jbAf W mcdmbslv mdrtfsj j nfsK
`duthfh' hf yflv sesb dbsk htf rsqsY, kfsk bhD-ikDslv dhLfb
j vjm zfv mc'dmb bfvDslv dhLfb zbA vjm rsh sjb?
5. sp zfqfsk mct mc'dmbDbslvsj idviCBG slr zfhxk j'sv ilGf
jvsk htf rsqsY, sn zfqfskv dbslGw hrft Kfjfv iv zbA zfqfskv
dbslGsw syrfvf hAdkf rsh sjb?
6. duthfshv zfqfsk jKf i sp, kf fLDb W DklfnD
mdrtfv mfsU ifKGjA nCdyk jvfv ts[A zhkDBG rsqdYt. iv sn
pcso mcJ Tfjfv svWqfu iaydtk dYt. ufsrtD pcsoW fLDb nkD
mdrtfvf ilGfq mcJ sTsj vfJk. spmb kfslv j jdh nfhvfr dhb
zfmXv zft-IfjzfnDv jdhkfq sn jKf i,
?5 + ?5 # 5 5 H Ap 3
zKGf{, pc hf fsnv nmq skfmfslv smsqslv syrfvf sJftf Kfsj.
Ist kfslvsj h]flD msb rq hQ h]flDsj fLDbf msb rq.
jdh kfv iadkis[v nmfstfybf jvsk dosq kfslv mdrtfslv zhf
hBGbf jsvsY. pfsk hcUf pfq, sn pcso nkD fLDb mdrtfvf mcJ sTsj
ilGf jvk.
 ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 69 70 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
zk}iv jcvzfb zhkDBG rt sn dbslGw dlsq, pf kfslv dbje 10. kfvf pf nfLfvBk} iajfw Kfsj kf hAkDk kfslv snZlpG spb
k}dn svWqfu dYt. zfv kf sp, fLDb nkD mdrtfvf ialwGb bf jsv. (bCv } 31)
`duthfh'-v djqlQw dbsuslv (syrfvf W h[}stv) iv sesb zfqfsk hAdkf snZlpG jD?
sbsh. kfrst kfslvsj h]flD-lfnD sKsj ixKj jvf nru rsh hQ snZlspGv zfvhD hAhrfv rsqsY `pDbfr'. zfv `pDbfr' htf rq
kfvf Hdeufvslv HdeduQ-v dwjfv rsh bf. hfdrAj zdkdv snZlpGsj. bfvDv ldrj sjfb snZlpGsj `pDbfr'
7. sjfb sjfb kInDsv jKf i jvf rsqsY sp, sjfb mcbfdIj htf rq bf.
mcndtm mdrtfslvsj kA jvk. pJb kfv iadkhfl jvf rt, kJb sp dudbsnv `pDbfr', `pDbfr' sn dudbsnv sjfb zQw bq. hvQ
sn htt, `zfdm Wsj h]flD msb jsvdYtfm.' nckvfQ mrfb zffr sn dudbn sKsj ixKj zbA dudbn.
mcndtm mdrtfslvsj zfslw dlstb sp, kfvf spb h]flDv sifwfj- zft-jcvzfsb jfdLj fsb hfdrAj snZlspGv zsKG `pDbfr' wsv
idvYl huGb jsv hQ kfvf mfKfv iv `duthfh' hAhrfv j'sv kfv iasqfo rsqsY. spmb }-
) F ) ) & ' f;) % ^{ & & =' ' ] mf) ' 5;'
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8. bfvDv syrfvf rt kfv nhG-snZlspGv sjt. syrfvf rt ) ) ) ) )
{E' B& ' ;
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vmBDv dwsvfbfm W kfv vmBDqkfv nhsysq hV dblwGb. ilGfq kf Tfjf
bf rst `ilGf' zfhfv jD dudbn? zKGf{, sr zflsmv hQwLvoB! skfmvf iaskAj bfmfspv nmq
syrfvfq zfsY mdrtfv (y[cv) tfwDtkf. syrfvf sJftf sost sn (pDbfr) nclv idvYl idvLfb jv. ifbfrfv jv, dj ziyq jsvf
tfwDtkf rfdvsq pfsh hQ kJb LDsv LDsv zbAfbA zW Jctsk bf. dbyq dkdb ziyqjfvDslvsj iYl jsvb bf. ht, `zffr Dq
zfv nQsjfy rsh bf. lfnslv ubA sp nh (pDbfr) ncswfHb h W idh uDdhjf nxd
9. syrfvf ilGfv wfdmt bq, sn jKfv ltDt zfsY kInDsv. dj jsvsYb, kf sj dbdN jsvsY?' ht, `ifdKGh uDhsb dhswN jsv
syrfvf ilGfq wfdmt, sn jKfvW ltDt zfsY kInDsv. djqfmskv dlsb nm kfslv ubA, pfvf dhhfn jsv.' vsi zfdm
mkfSbsjAv nmq pdl znCstv dlsj vuc jvf pfq, kfrst slJf fbD nialfsqv ubA dblwGbnmCr dhwlHfsh dhhxk jdv. (zf'vfI } 31-32)
) ) 5'f 9 5 3% G N5 ) d% H) +J ' e'+ f;) k ) ' ( ) 5'f ( 9' 2@' & 5W
pfsh sp, snJfsb lc'de jfsqlfr zfsY, pfv dHdsk syrfvf ilGfq wfdmt % G < & (' ' '' '% ' &' ' ' ' E' % D' % s Q' % p]' n3# ' ''
rsq pfsh. % & ' <;' 2<:( ' % <&f ) g;% & ' <s' % h) ) <& W& C<D
' ' % & <j% ' )
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(j) j dhNsq dkhfyj W sbdkhfyj Hq iajfv ltDt hdBGk
3 ; N9 @ 177. { ' ) '4 ' ^ ''%
rst dkhfyj ltDt iafLfbA ifsh.
nckvfQ sp ltDst htf rsqsY syrfvf ilGfq wfdmt bq, sn sbdkhfyj zKGf{, mCnf htt, `sr zfmfslv iadkiftj! kcdm dIvzfb W kfv
ltDstv iv dkhfyj ltDt iafLfbA ifsh, pfsk htf rsqsY, syrfvf ifdvNlhoGsj ifdKGh uDhsbv (pDbfr) swfHf W nil lfb jsvY. sr
ilGfv wfdmt. zfmfslv iadkiftj! pfv jfvsB kfvf skfmfv iK rsk (mfbcNsj)
(J) hLjfvD W zShLjfvD Hq iamfB Kfjst zShLjfvD iamfBsj dhf jsv. sr zfmfslv iadkiftj! kfslv Lb-nil dbdyr j'sv
iafLfbA slWqf rsh. lfW hQ kfslv zvsj jdEb j'sv lfW, pfsk kfvf pBfmq wfd
nckvfQ sp iamfsB syrfvf sJftf hL htf rsqsY, sn iamfB iafLfbA bf slJf ipG dhwfn fib bf jvsk ifsv.' (bcn } 88)
% ' ' e'+ f;) ' 5 ' i& ' I ) ) % 5bi
ifsh bf. i[fsv sp iamfsB htf rsqsY, syrfvf sJftf zShL, sn iamfB % ' 'J 5 ' c& &
f N9 @ 17. {E' B& ' p ' ' ' ' ' ) % ' ' % '% '
% ' aBd
iafLfbA ifsh. jfvB sk zfsY zdLj iChGnkjGkfmCtj hAhf.
 ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 71 72 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
zKGf{, skfmfslv zfsvfrsBv ubA W (pDbfr) swfHfv ubA dkdb nxd jvsk slWqf rsqdYt, isv zfmvf kf zfsb dbs[i jsvdYtfm;
jsvsYb sOfVf, Jyv W ofLf. zfv dkdb nxd jsvb mb zsbj djYc, zk}iv nfsmvDW vi dbs[i jsvdYt. ( } 87)
) ' ) E' & % ;' J' \) ( ?5 ' ,f ' ) & D) ' >' % '
) % ' D' ' % ' s' 5 + 5A3
pf skfmvf zhok bW. (bfrXt } 8) ( h5< % ' ' E' 5'
& ' ' ' <; $ f& (
)
' ' & ' % ' % & G ' % & ' & i'% f 5' ( e'+ f;) `94
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zKGf{, ixdKhDv iv pf djYc sY dm sndtsj Wv (pDbfr) zKGf{, hx bfvD; pfvf dhhfsrv zfwf vfsJ bf, kfslv ubA zivfL
swfHf jsvdY mfbcNsj ivD[f jvhfv ubA sp, kfslv msLA jsmG sj sb; pdl kfvf kfslv (pDbfr) snZlpG ialwGb bf j'sv kfslv hdrhGfn
m. (jfrXI } 7) Jcst vfsJ. ksh sKsj kfslv dhvk Kfjf kfslv ubA m. zfv
) ) )
% ' J' ' & < ' % ' E' & <; ) ;& <
& <p , ' % ' N ' <b' % 5) <h9 & ( ' E' D& % <;' ' ;^< ( x< %) % '
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) ) ) % e'' f;) & ; ) p& %fD' 5' ) ) ' A' % e'F f;~) ) 5' 3% G ? ' ( 5(f;
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k& ' < ' x<ip ' % ' % < ' xp
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A N9 @ 17. {5+ & s& k& & % ' E5 ' ' ' zKGf{, zfdm skfmfslv dbjehkDG zfjfwsj b[vfdu fvf (pDbfr)
zKGf{, kcdm dbsusj kfslv nQnsoG vfJ, pfvf njft W nAfq ncswfdHk jsvdY. (nfIXIfk } 6)
) ' < % '4% H) $ 5< & <yp' ' ' e<$ <'f;) ' $ <% ' ' V< ) & <' 'd% ' <3( ' <B& ' D%
kfslv iadkiftjsj k]fv mcJmt (lwGb hf nd) tfsHv sswA & <Ap
' ' ' % A'& f<% ' $ {5< $ < ' 5' 3% G < N5<
rhfb jsv hQ kcdm ifdKGh uDhsbv (pDbfr) swfHf jfmbf jsv, ; d N9 @ 1. { ) J' % '4% '
kfslv dlj rsk skfmfv lxdx dIdvsq dbsqf bf. zfv kcdm kfv bcokA zKGf{, skfmvf susb svsJf sp, ifdKGh uDhb skf DVf-sjZkcj,
jsvf bf, pfv rlqsj dm mfv mvsB zmsbfspfoD j'sv dlsqdY, (pDbfr) uf]jumj, ifvidvj ohG iajfw, Lb-nil W nfb-
sp kfv sJqft-JcwDv zbcnvB jsv W pfv jfpGjtfi nDmf zdkm ndksk iafycpG tfsHv iadkspfdokf hAkDk zfv djYc bq. (rflDl } 20)
jsv. ( } 28) ) ) ' ' ) ):'f;) H) ) ) W' CD
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ubA swa hQ wf iafdv hAfifsvW {jx. ( } 46) HfoAhfb.' (jfnfn } 79)
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zKGf{, mCnf htt, `skfmfslv dbLGfdvk nmq (pDbfr) nfunfv syrfvf W rfk bq. hvQ nfu-nfq oxrDk zbAfbA (pDbfr) snZlpG,
({nshv) dlb hQ sn dlb iChGfsr uboBsj nmshk jvf rsh.' pf mdrtfv slrf YfVf zbA dudbn. spmb ztQjfv, ianfLb, sifwfj-
(kf-rf } 59) idvYl kAfdl.
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' ' ' 5 ' 5'fs^<>s zfcfr dhb mfnl hstsYb, `pDbfr mfsb jfiV.' (kInDv
< N9 @ 170. {TG ) ) 5 ( 2>' % ' kfhfvD)
i[fsv zfcfr dhb zffn sKsj sp hBGbfq `pDbfr' zsKG `syrfvf
zKGf{, Wvf htt, `zfmvf skfmfv nfsK jxk zDjfv sYfq H W rfk' htf rsqsY, kf bq.
jdvdb, hvQ zfmfslvsj nialfsqv (pDbfr) ztfsvv Hfv hrb
 ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 73
11. duthfh (hV yflv, pf hkGmfsb mcdvkfdbqf W nclfsbv h
mcndtm mdrtf hAhrfv j'sv Kfsj) jDHfsh hAhrfv jvf rsh?
hAfifsv hsb zffn sKsj hdBGk zfsY sp, zffr mc'dmb
mdrtfslvsj dbslGw dlsqsYb sp, kfvf pJb dbsuslv iasqfusb
dbsuslv Ov sKsj hfsv pfsh, kJb kfvf kfslv mfKfq `duthfh'
svsJ dbsuslv syrfvf zfhxk j'sv sbsh hQ jdemf syfJ shv
j'sv vfJsh.
zbcvi hdBGk zfsY zfhDlfr nftmfbD rsk. pfsk sOfmef dlsq
syrfvf Tfjfv zKG ifWqf pfq.
hsb rfpXm hstsYb, sp zfvshv HfNfq zffrv vnCt
zfmfslvsj nsfLb jsvsYb, sn HfNfq `duthfh' rt, sn dudbn,
pf dlsq nfvf wvDv Tfjf pfq, wvDsvv djYc zQw bq.
12. mrfb zffr hstsYb,
9 <<f N9 @ 1/. { ( ) ):'f;) ) ry%
' ) & 5 ' ' ' % & ) ( ) ) & 9U% ' ) ' % ;
zKGf{, kfvf spb mb nsufsv ils[i bf jsv, pfsk kfslv sofib
zfHvB iajfw sisq pfq. (bCv } 31)
pfsk mdrtfv sn w sb jfmstftci icvNslv msb jfmbf bf
ufso. ifsqv mt, skfVf, bciCv, OcMvc kAfdlv w sisq mdrtfv iadk
icvsNv nc jfmbf spb ufoak bf rq. mdrtfv drIfpskv dbJ]k
hAhf jvf rsqsY kfv ztQjfsvv w iajfw jvsk dbsNL jvfv
mfLAsm. kfrst ef jD fsb Lvfv jKf sp, mrfb zffr mdrtfsj kfv
ztQjfsvv w sofib jvsk hstsYb hQ syrfvf W rfk Jcst
vfJsk zbcmdk dlsqsYb?
13. rvfm zhfq mcrdvm mdrtf syrfvf Tfjsh bf. dj shofbf
icvN nfmsb st mcJ sTsj ilGf jvsk rsh.
mf zfsqwf (vfdpqff zfbrf) `jfsItf zfmfslv nfmsb shsq ifv
rk, kJb zfmvf zffrv vnCt -v nfsK rvfm zhfq Kfjkfm.
kfvf pJb zfmfslv nfmbfnfmdb rk, kJb zfmfslv iaskAsj kfv
yflvsj mfKfv iv sKsj syrfvfq sesb dbk. kfviv kfvf ifv rsq
sost zfmvf syrfvf Jcst dbkfm.' (zfrmfl 6/30, zfhC lfl 1833,
hfrfjD 5/48, hsb Jcpfmfr 4/204)
74 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
Ifdkmfr dhdt mcbdpv hstb, `zfnmf dhs zfhD hfjXv dnDsjv
nfsK rvfm zhfq zfmvf zfmfslv syrfvf Tfjkfm.' (mczf mfstj
2/328, hsb Jcpfmfr 4/204, rfsjm 1/454)
14. mf zfsqwf (vfdpqff zfbrf)v ydvs jt vefv rflDsn
hdBGk rsqsY sp, dkdb nfIWqfsbv nfmsb mcJ sTsjdYstb.
nckvfQ mcndtm bfvDv dyk, dbsuv syrfvf sTsj ilGf jvf. syrfvf
bf-Tfjf ilGf iCBG ilGf bq.
syrfvf sJftf ufsqspv ltDt
) % ' 'J '
W kfv Jb
1. hsb zffsnv kInDv. `f mf pfrfvf dmbrf' zKGf{, syrfvf W
lc rfk. iCshG htf rsqsY sp, de nrDr bq. iv k]fv dbje sKsj
zbA hBGbf ifWqf pfq, pfsk hcUf pfq sp, syrfvf ilGfq wfdmt.
2. rsv nmq jcvhfbDv dlb JfNzfm sofsv j nclvD pchkD bhD
c -v dbje sn Iskfqf dufnf jvt, `zfmfv zff (lflf) Jch
hx rsq sosY hQ kfv iv r Ivp rsqsY. dj sn nWqfvDsk
hsn Kfjsk ifvsh bf. zfdm pdl kfv kvI sKsj r jdv, kfrst
psK rsh dj?' bhD htstb, kcdm skfmfv zffv kvI sKsj
r jv. (psK rsh.)
sn nmq IfpXt hsb zffn k]fv diYsb nWqfvDv iv hsn
dYstb. dkdb pchkDv dlsj kfdjsq slJsk tfostb. kf slsJ bhD
k]fv mcJef rfsk j'sv Ocdvsq dlstb. zftD htstb, `sr zffrv
vnCt! zfidb zfibfv yfyfskf Hfsqv mcJef dIdvsq dlstb sjb?'
dkdb htstb, pchj-pchkDsj (kfjfkfdj jvsk) slJtfm hQ
wqkfb sKsj kfslvsj dbvfil msb jvtfm bf. (zfrmfl, hcJfvD, mcndtm)
Jfb sKsj iamfB rq sp, JfNzfmD pchkDv syrfvf sJftf dYt. IfpXt
kfv dlsj kfdjsq slJdYstb. bhD k]fv syrfvf dIdvsq dlstb. dj
pchkDsj syrfvf Tfjsk zfslw jvstb bf. kfv mfsb syrfvf Jcst vfJf
ufsqp.
 ilGfv dhLfb -----------------------------
uhfh }-
(j) iaKmk} mdrtfde mcrdvmf dYt. zfv rvfm zhfq syrfvf Jcst
vfJsk rq. sn drnfsh rqskf sn Jcst svsJdYt.
(J) mdrtfdev ns kfv zff dYt. sn yfdYt, kfsj bhD dhhfr
j'sv D hfdbsq sbb. (zfhC qAf'tf, Ifkt hfvD 4/61) nckvfQ slJfsbfv
sswA kfv syrfvf Jcst vfJf rsqdYt.
(o) rflDsn i bq sp, mdrtfdev syrfvf sJftf dYt. rqskf hf
kfv zfjfv-zfjxdk nclv dYt hst `nclvD' htf rsqsY hQ IfpXt
kfv dlsj kfdjsq dYstb. (zfn-nfdvmct mfwrCv zftfk kfhfvGdu zn-ncICv,
kcWqfduvD 232ix})
zKhf mdrtfv znkjG zhfq syrfvfv sOfmef nsv sost hBGbfjfvD
zfymjf slsJ dbsq `nclvD' zfJAfqb jsvsYb. kfsk syrfvf sJftfv
hLkf iamfB rq bf.
(O) bhD mdrtfdesj kfv syrfvf sTsj dbsk zfslw jsvsYb---
iamfB spmb sb, skmdb iamfBW sb sp, dkdb kfsj syrfvf Tfjsk
zfslw jsvbdb. nckvfQ Hq s[s hLkf W zShLkfv iamfB
Oebf sKsj sbWqf pfq bf.
3. slv dlb bhD bfmfp iVstb. zk}iv Jckhf dlstb.
zk}iv dhtftsj ns dbsq dkdb mdrtfslv jfsY stb. dkdb
kfslvsj zffrv kfjWqf zfbsk W k]fv zfbcokA jvsk zfslw
jvstb. kfviv dkdb htstb, skfmvf nfljfr jv. jfvB skfmfslv
zdLjfQw ufrffsmv b. jKf sb ofst smsykf-iVf jub
dbm swaBDv mdrtf hst Et, `kf sjb sr zffrv vnCt?' kfviv
zffrv vnCt kfv jfvB hBGbf jvstb. (zfrmfl, hcJfvD, mcndtm iamcJ)
rflDsnv hBGbfjfvD slsJsYb, smsqdev ofst jfstf lfo dYt.
zfv kfv mfsb kfv syrfvf sJftf dYt. zkh syrfvf sJftf ufsqp.
uhfh }-
(j) mdrtfde nfu-nf huGbjfdvBD dYt. fmDv mxkAc v iv nfsbv
iadkiftb kfsj lc}J W lcdyfoa j'sv svsJdYt. kf kfv ofst
jfstf lfo smsykf isV dosqdYt. nhk} sn hxf dYt zKhf jc{nD{
dYt. pfv hAfifsv dhLfb rt,
' ) E' < & % ;' J \) ( <
$ f & ( ) % <' D' ' % <' s' 5<+ 5A3
% ' ' E% ' 5<'
' <;
9 f 1v. { $ ) D' x$ B@ ) & ' a{' yy: ) e'F f;~) ) z5
' ' ( & $ % ' % % ' % ;' E% ' '
75 76 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
zKGf{, hx bfvD; pfvf dhhfsrv zfwf vfsJ bf, kfslv ubA zivfL
sb; pdl kfvf kfslv snZlpG ialwGb bf j'sv kfslv hdrhGfn Jcst
vfsJ. ksh sKsj kfslv dhvk Kfjf kfslv ubA m. zfv zffr
nhGswafkf, nhG. (bCv } 60)
(J) nhk} Oebf ilGfv dhLfb zhkDBG rWqfv iCshGjfv dYt.
fkhA sp, ilGfv dhLfb zhkDBG rq nb dkb, yfv hf i]fy druvDsk.
zfv slv bfmfp dkDq druvDsk.
(o) zKhf sn mdrtf h]flD dYt. spmb rflDsn htf rsqsY, `dbmswaBDv
mdrtf'. zfv DklfnD h]flDv syrfvf Tfjf Wqfsuh bq.
(O) dbm mfsbv mdrtf htsk s[iD efsiv mdrtfW swA rsk
ifsv, sp dbsuv ilGf nhGlf dEj vfJsk ifsv bf. sjfb sjfb hBGbfq htf
rsqsY, `sn fbD mdrtf dYt bf.' (zfrmfl 1/436, zfhC qAf'tf 5284bQ,
hsb drfb 3323bQ iamcJ)
(M) mdrtfdev syrfvf rqskf zdbYfjxkHfsh nfmdqj sJftf dYt.
dhswN j'sv sOfmefv I]fsj zsbj nmq mdrtfv znfhLfbkfq syrfvf
slJf pfWqfef fHfdhj.
(y) mdrtfdev syrfvf sJftf Kfjfv jKf sjht ufshv -v hBGbfq
ifWqf pfq. i[fsv hsb mfnl, hsb mfv, hsb zffn, zfhC
vfvf W zfhC nfl JclvD -slv hBGbfq syrfvf sJftfv jKf ifWqf
pfq bf. sKsj hcUf pfq sp, ufshv rqskf zfymjf [dBsjv ubA
kfv syrfvf slsJ sIstsYb.
nckvfQ Oebf sKsj iamfB rq bf sp, syrfvf sJftf ufsqp.
4. j mdrtf sn htt, sr zffrv vnCt! zfdm dbsusj
zfibfv ubA srhf jvsk sndY. nckvfQ dkdb k]fv dlsj oHDvHfsh
kfdjsq slJstb. (hcJfvD 5030, mcndtm 3553bQ)
mdrtfdev syrfvf sJftf dYt hQ bhD kfv dlsj kfdjsq slJstb.
kfv mfsb syrfvf slJfsbf ufsqp.
uhfh }-
(j) dhhfsrv sswA mdrtfv syrfvf slJf hf slJfsbf ufsqp---
jKf nhf mfsb. mdrtfdev Yf dYt, bhD kfsj dhhfr jvb.
nckvfQ s[s syrfvf sJftf rfvfm bq.
) <,f < ) & <D) >' %
?5 ' ' ' ' (J) zsbsj hstsYb, mdrtfdev syrfvf sJftf dYt, rflDsn sn jKf
F _:' at' h5 ) i bq. nhk} sn ilGfq syrfvf sTsj dYt. bhD sthfsnv
' ,' & '% ( &' '
 ilGfv dhLfb -----------------------------
isv kfv lOGA, ncfA kAfdl oHDvHfsh t[A jsvdYstb. nckvfQ
sk syrfvf sJftf ufsqspv ltDt sb.
(J) nhk} Oebf ilGfv dhLfb zhkDBG rWqfv iCshGjfv dYt.
(o) bhD -v ubA njt mdrtfv iadk lxdifk hL dYt hQ ef
dYt k]fv jef dhswNk. (Ifkt hfvD 9/210)
5. mcrdvm mdrtfv syrfvf Tfjf W rfsk lfbf ivf hL bq. pdl kf
Tfjf Wqfsuh rk, kfrst rvfsmW sJftf rfvfm rk.
uhfh }-
iaKmk} ltDt sKsj jKf hcUf pfq sp, bhD -v pfmfbfq
mdrtfvf syrfvfq ilGf W rfsk lfbf ivk. zfv kfv ubA
dbsNLff snsY. dj kfv mfsb bq sp, shofbf icvN nfmsb
stW Jcst vfJsk rsh. mcrdvm icvN spmb mfKf Tfjsk ifsv bf,
skmdb mcrdvm mdrtf dbdvdhdtskW syrfvf W rfk Tfjsk ifsv bf.
dj shofbf icvN nfmsb st kfsj zhwA ilGf jvsk rsh. spmb mf
zfsqwf (vfdpqff zfbrf) jvskb.
mcrdvm icvN spvi ufmf W ifqufmf ivsk ifsv bf, dj lc'de yflv
dlsq dbsuv slr W tffb Tfjsk ifsv, zbcvi mcrdvm mdrtf
`dbjfh' fvf mcJ h]fLsk ifsv bf, dj zbA swaBDv jfiV dlsq syrfvfq
ilGf jvsk ifsv.
6. zfsqwf (vfdpqff zfbrf) hstb, jlf zfnmf dhs zfhc hfjXv
ifktf jfiV isv zffrv vnCt -v nfmsb st dkdb mcJ dIdvsq
dbstb hQ htstb, sr zfnmf! mdrtfv pJb mfdnj v rWqfv
hqsn si]ZsY, kJb sKsj kfv z YfVf zbA djYc slJf pfWqf
dEj bq. jKf hst dkdb dbsuv syrfvf W rfk-lc'dev dlsj wfvf
jvstb. (zfhC lfl 4106bQ)
uhfh }-
(j) rflDnde bq.
(o) ef jDHfsh nh sp, zfsqwf (vfdpqff zfbrf) syrfvf
sJftfv rflDn hBGbf jvsYb. zfv dbsu shofbf slsJ syrfvf TfjsYb?
kfW sn zhfq, sp zhfq syrfvf Tfjf hL bq.
kfYfVf zfnmf dbsuW rvfm zhfq syrfvf Tfjskb. Ifdkmfr
dhdt mcbdpv hstb, `zfnmf dhs zfhD hfjXv dnDsjv nfsK rvfm
77 78 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
zhfq (shofbfvf nfmsb) zfmvf zfmfslv syrfvf Tfjkfm.' (mczf
mfstj 2/328, hsb Jcpfmfr 4/204, rfsjm 1/454)
7. zfcfr dhb mfv hstsYb, `zffrv vnCt -v pcso bfvD-
icvN j ifs WpC jvk. j nfsK if sKsj ifdb dbsk v
jvk.' (zfrmfl)
ifyfskAv rfWqf tfof mfKf-Wqftfvf Jfb sKsj ltDt J]csu
sisqsY sp, kfrst bhD -v pcso bfvD-icvN js j ifs WpC
jvk hQ mdrtfvf icvNslv nfmsb jbc ipG Jcst rfk Lcskf!
kfrst skf mdrtfslv icvN-mrst ]skf]dk jvf ufsqp!
uhfh }-
zfstfjiaf Hstfsjvf jKf ufsbb sp, bhD -v pcso mndusl
sjfb WpCJfbf dYt bf, spJfsb bfvD-icvN js WpC jvsk ifsv. dkdb
skf nfLfvB rfmfmJfbfq mdrtfsj spsk dbsNL jsvsYb.
bfvD-icvsNv `j ifs' WpC jvfv mfsb, hfdVsk fmD-D j
ifsv ifdb dbsq WpC jvk. kfv mfsb fmD-Dv j ifsv ifdbsk
WpC jvf hL dYt. mdrtf sp ifsv ifdb hAhrfv jsvsY, sn ifsv
hsjqf ifdb fvf icvsNv WpC-sofnt mjvr bq. zKhf j if sKsj
Hsqv j nfsK ifdb kcst dbsq WpC-sofnt jvf mjvr bq.
hcU dbsq mfm hcJfvD k]fv nrDr oas dwsvfbfm sh]sLsYb, `dbu
Dv nfsK icvsNv WpC jvfv hfh.' (hcJfvD 193bQ rflDn)
mf zfsqwf (vfdpqff zfbrf) hstsYb, `zfdm hQ zffrv vnCt
j if sKsj ifdb dbsq sofnt jvkfm. zidh zhfq zfmfslv
rfk kfsk zfofdiYf rk. rfsk rfk tfok. zfdm htkfm, `zfmfv
ubA ifdb vfJcb.' zfv db htskb, `zfmfv ubA ifdb vfJ.' (hcJfvD
261, mcndtm 757bQ iamcJ)
djYc mfbcN zfsY, pfvf dbsuslv mdj-ianCk mksj iamfB jvfv ubA
jcvzfb-rflDsnv hfsjAv dbsuv mbmskf hAfJAf jsv. ifEsjv rqskf
zdHkf Kfjsh, dyf, mDtfl, djqfm, Ivp bfmfspv iv rfk kcst
ufmfzfkD mcbfufk iaHdx k iamfB jvfv ubA j swaBDv tfmf jDHfsh
i]fqkfvf jsvb?
zfstfjiaf HstfsjvfW k]fslv mdrtfslvsj zfstfjiaff W
ilGfmc jvfv ubA rflDn sKsj iamfB siw j'sv rfbD tfmfslv
esv rfnAjvHfsh sr]fye JfsYb. hvQ k]fvf pdl ltDt siw bf jsv
 ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 79
zfstfjiaf rskb, kfrst jmsn-jm k]fslv dw[fok mfb-
kefW v[f sik.
ilGf ns bfbf nslr W kfv dbvnb
ilGf zfbcjvB bq, hflk
zsbsj LfvBf jsv, ilGf jde zfbcjvB W jcnQfv mf!
dj mcndtmvf dhwfn jsv, ilGf mrfb zffrv zfbcokA, k]fv vnCt
-v zbcnvB hQ k]fv D-jbAfv zbcjvB.
ilGf jcnQfv bq, ilGf yfdvdj nQfv.
ilGfv dhLfb mfbA j'sv ytf jde Ivp hflk, pf Yfmskf huGb
jvf pfq bf. hvQ nfhfdtjf rWqfv nfsK nfsK bfvDsj dhLfb
zhwA mfbsk rq.
de spsrkc hflk, kf nfhfdtjf rWqfv nfsK nfsK ilGf Ivp. v
ubA dhhfr ipG zsi[f hL bq. jcLfvBfv dwjfv rsq zsbj
hq H mdrtf dbsu shfvjf isvb, zKy ns k]fv pchkD smsqdesj
shilGfq svsJ nIv jsvb. dkdb fbD rst hcUskb sp, k]fv
zfksofib jvfv yfsk k]fv pchkD zdhhfdrk smsqdev zfksofib
shdw uvvD dYt. dj sJqft-JcwDv zfqbfq djYc slJst nh djYc
ef msb rq.
ilGf W bfvDv mpGflf
zsbsj LfvBf jsv sp, ilGfq bfvDv mpGflf [cB rq. zKy mcndtmvf
LfvBf jsv sp, ilGfq drIfpsk sKsj bfvDv mpGflf hdLGk rq.
kfvf hst, `ilGf-iaKf zdHw hvisBv mCt jfvB.'
zfmvf hdt, `shilGfv zfyvB iBiaKfv zbAkm jfvB.'
kfvf hst, `sJftf dudbsnv mfb shdw, lfm shdw.'
zfmvf hdt, `Tfjf dudbsnv mfb shdw, lfm shdw.'
j Istv slfjfblfv jtf dYtf svsJ dhd jvk. kfsk HbHsb
mfdY, Y]fdy mfdY, sq mfdY sn hnk. kf slsJ zsbsj djbk. zfv
djbsh bf sjb? jfbf shsbv sFfotf Jsv hQ iyf j]fEft, mcdy
Jsv skf zfsY. dj zdLjfQw vdywDt mfbcsN slsJsb sn jtf
djsb Jfq bf. idvswsN dYtf jtfstf b rk. idvswsN mcsesj iqnf
dlsq kf siZvnHfv dFfsk sIst zfnf jvfk!
80 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
spmb hkGmfsb efjf dbsq bq, hvQ efjf dlsq jbAflfb jvsk rq.
kfvf Tfjfv dudbn sJftf Kfjst djbsk yfq bf. zfTfjf Jfhfv
sJsk yfq bf. zfv Tfjfv dudbn mf-shfsbv snZlpGsj sTsj vfJst
snsjstibf hst!
j oftGn cstv kvBDslv mfsU ilGf dbsq kjG ytdYt. Db-
dhNqj dwd[jf jfw-vsm st YfDvf k]fv jfsY ndEj dnf ufbsk
yft, `ilGf jvfv spZdjkf jD?' dwd[jf htstb, `v v slh
zfofmD jft.'
isvv dlb dkdb ns YfDslv dB nQJAj yjste nfsK sb jde
ifs svsJ jubsj kfslv mfsU dhkvB jvsk htstb.
yjstestfv msLA zsLGj dYt nclv j'sv smfVf. zfv zsLGj dYt
smfVjdhrDb sJftf. njtsj dbu dbu rfsk jde j'sv yjste kcst
dbsk htf rt. njst dj jde j'sv smfVf yjste kcst dbt.
nhswsN dwd[jf ifdesj sedhst svsJ njstv lxd zfjNGB j'sv iaw
jvstb, `ht skf, skfmvf sJftf yjstestf bf dbsq smfVfstf
sjb kcst dbst?'
njst iafq jhfsjA htt, `jfvB sJftfstfsk uDhfBc Kfjsk
ifsv kf.'
dwd[jf htstb, `ef rt skfmfslv okjfstv iaswv v.
mdrtf sJftfsmtf Kfjst vdyhfb icvsN kfsj iYl jsv bf. j
nfsK lc'de pchkD pdl vsi-sB j spfoAkfv zdLjfdvBD rq. dj
jub ilGfbwDb W zivub shilGf rq, kfrst dhhfr jvfv s[s
ilGfbwDbsj iafLfbA slq.'
nckvfQ ilGf mdrtfv mfb-mCtA jdmsq slq bf. shilGf rst kfv
mfb-mCtA jsm pfq.
jdlb slfjfsb yf zfbsk sotfm. j djstf Wusbv j iAfsje
yfsqv lfm sb zhfj rtfm. slfjfblfv htt, `Wef Hft yf.
sifeG-sjfqfdtdev iAfdjQ jvf. zk}iv sn sJftf yf sldJsq htt,
`ef dbsq pfb, v lfm zsbj jm.'
dudbn lfmD rst kfv drIfpk jvf rq. kfv iadk dhswN pk sbWqf
rq. sBGv ztfv lfmD hst dFfv dHksv pk j'sv svsJ dnlcj hf
zftmfdvsk vfJf rq. kfvisvW kfsk kftf tfofsbf rq. sp vsm
Kfsj, sn vmsjW kftfh jvf rq. dudbn lfmD hst skf kfv k
 ilGfv dhLfb -----------------------------
drIfpk jvf rq hQ kfv dbvfif-dhLfsb k k{iv rsk rq.
mdrtfv mCtA sb hst ntfm kfsj ilGfq Kfjsk hst bf. hvQ sn
zmCtA W stfHbDq hst stfHDslv lxd sKsj sofib Kfjsk hst.
ilGf dbsuv jfsY
zsbsj hst, `ilGf dbsuv jfsY. dbsu dEj Kfjst shfvjf ivfv
iasqfub sb.'
sp dbsusj sJftf svsJ dEj Kfjfv jKf hst, sn nkAhfdlbD rskW
ifsv. zfTfjf dudbn mfs Jfvfi bq. dj kfsj sJftf slsJ pdl
sj iatc rq, sj kfsj Jfvfi jvsk yfq kfrst?
]lcv pdl syfJ h svsJ hst, `zfmfsj dhVft slJsk ifsh bf',
kfrst dj sn h]fysk ifvsh?
sbjsV hf jcjsc vv nfmsb kfuf mfQn, dhVfstv nfmsb zfTfjf Hfuf
mfY svsJ dj dhwfn jvf pfsh sp, mfQn W mfY zHd[k Kfjsh?
mdrtf dEj sKsj sJftfsmtf Kfjst dj sn HdeduQ, spZbiDVb W
LNGsBv sbfQvf rfk sKsj h]fysk ifvsh?
zfidb jusbv nfmsb sk]kt c OctsYb zKhf sthc jfesYb, zfv
kfsj htsYb, `kcdm slJ, dj skfmfv dusH spb ifdb bf zfsn!' snef
dj nh?
ilGf Lc mdrtfv tfsHv ubA bq, ilGf icvsNv tfsHv ubAW dhdLh
jvf rsqsY. ubA mrfb zffr hstsYb,
~ 4 N9 @ 16. { ( h) ) & W& ' % A& ) & >& ) & ' % ' % A& ) "'
zKGf{, dhLfb skfmfslv hQ kfslv rlsqv ubA zdLjkv idh.
(zfrpfh } 53)
kfYfVf sYfyfvD shfbde zfmfv! zffrv sjfb zfb skf dbsuv
msbfmskf mfbfv djYc bq. spHfsh skfmfsj ilGf jvsk htf rsqsY,
snHfsh jvsk rsh. zbAKf jvst sjfb tfH rsh bf. ifw
djstfdmefv vff spsk sp pfbhfrb zfsY, kfv dedje dbsq skfmfsj
sn pfbhfrsb ysV hnsk rsh. bsy{ hfsnv dedje sjse sesb ysV
hnst skf syjfsvv rfsk Lvf Jfsh shfbde!
shdw hcd skfmfv? efjf shdw zfsY skfmfv? sisbv dedje sjse
hnstW sesb skfmfv E]f rsh bf. sufv j'sv sost rqskf-hf sust
spsk rsh. jKfdt sHsh slsJf shfbde!
81 82 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
ilGf sifwfsj bq, msb
zsbj shfb hst Kfsj, `mb dEj vfJst ilGf tfso bf!'
dj zfmvf kfsj hth, `skfmfv mb W zv pdl dEj Kfsj, kfrst
kfv iaHfh W iadkjxdk skfmfv slsr idvIce rsh. spsrkc zffrv
vnCt hstb, susb vfJ, slsrv msLA mb j mfQn-di zfsY pf
Hfstf rst nfvf slr Hfstf rsh. zfv kf Jfvfi rst nfvf slr Jfvfi
rsh. swfb! kfrt r{di (zv). (hcJfvD W mcndtm)
zfv zffr hstb, {jx HCdmv Int kfv iadkiftsjv zfslsw
{i rq hQ pf dbjx kfsk jdEb idvwam hAkDk djYc umfq
bf. (nCvf zf'vfI 58 zfqfk)
zsv pdl dEj zfbcoskAv hDu Kfsj, kfrst kfv Fft-ifkf W
Ict-Ist kfv zdHhAd Oesh. udmv {jxkf kfv Int iamfB
jvsh. skfmfv mb dEj Kfjst, kcdm zhwA ilGf jvsh.
mfbcsNv z-iakAdt ifdb iVfv bfdtv, zfv rlq rt rWsuv
mskf. bfdt shsq pf bfsm, rWsu kf umf rq. z-iakA dlsq mfbcN
ifi jsv, zfv kfv rlsqv iv uQ isV. Hft jfsu kfv zv
idh W idvY rq. skfmfv zv sjmb, kf kcdm sHsh slJ.
ilGfv ubA dj shfvjf uvvD?
zsbj mdrtfv LfvBf, ilGfv ubA shfvjf ivf uvvD bq. nckvfQ
kfvf hfdVv dHksv drIfpsk Kfsj, hfsvv stfjsj hfdVv dHksv
zfnsk slq bf. nlv W bfY-lcqfsv ilGf effsbf zfsY. skftf ifdbsk
sofnt jsv. iv-icvN nfmsb st mfKfq jfiV sbq. zfv hfsv Jch
jm shv rq. iasqfusb sost mfKfq jfiV dbsq pfq hQ Hfsh ef
kfv ilGf.
zfmvf hdt, ilGfv ubA shfvjf uvvD bf rstW mb jfiV ivf
lvjfv, pf mdrtfv syrfvf-nr nhGf iv-icvsNv lxd sKsj zfhxk
j'sv vfsJ. yflv isv sOfmef sesb ilGfv dhLfb mfbsk ifsv. dj
hfsv yflv nfmtfsbf hV mcwdjt. dj dTtf shfvjf ofsqv nfsK stso
Kfsj, rfWqfq sV pfWqfv Hq Kfsj bf. mdrtfslv ncdhLfsKG
shfvjfv svWqfu iaydtk rsqsY.
dj zfstfyA swaBDv mdrtfvf bf shfvjf isv, zfv bf yflv. sjht
wfdVv zf]yt zKhf WVbfv jfQw mfKfq sesb dbsq LfvBf jsv, kfvf
bfdj ilGf jsv. mdrtfvf zsbjfQsw sn swaBDv stfsjslv
 ilGfv dhLfb -----------------------------
ipGfqHc, pfslv hAfifsv mrfb zffr hstsYb,
) d% H) <@ ( <' ;^<) ( 1/. +J <D% ' ;<{45
5' 3% G < N5< '' % &&% ' ' ' ' ) ' % ' % ) % ARi'& & , f3& % ' % W&
A N9 @ 1/u. {5%+ f& E' &f ) K
% & % & o( ' E' i& ' K
%' % & '
zKGf{, kcdm ht, `dm dj skfmfslvsj nQhfl slh kfslv, pfvf jsmG
nhGfdLj [dkoa ?' Wvf kfvf, ifdKGh uDhsb pfslv iasyf i rq,
pdlW kfvf msb j'sv sp, kfvf n{jmG jvsY. (jfrXI } 103-104)
htf hftA sp, mb mdrtfvf zfkiahbfv dwjfv. dj hV
lc}sJv dhNq sp, kfvf zfhfv yflv W shfvjf-WqftDslvsj slsJ
bfj dn]ejfq hQ Hfsh, kfvf hfVfhfdV jvsY!
ilGf Istv sJfnfv mskf
j swaBDv mdrtf wvqD ilGf sKsj diYt sjse shv rsq pfWqfv ubA
swaBDv jKf hst Kfsj. kfvf hst, mbef zfnt. msbv ilGf hV.
msb ilGf Kfjst hfsvv ilGfv lvjfv rq bf. mbef Istv wfsnv
mskf. zfv yflv, shfvjf---nh zfnst sJfnfv mskf. shfvjf-
WqftDvf wfn hAdksvsj sJfnf dbsq hfVfhfdV jsv!
ym{jfv jKf! msb ilGf bf Kfjst zfnst slsrv ilGfv sjfb mCtA
sb. dj kfv mfsb bq sp, msbv ilGf psK. mdrtfv msbv dHksv
spmb ilGf zfhwAj, skmdb msbv hfsv nfvf slsrW ilGf zfhwAj. mb
pdl Istv wfn rq, kfrst wfsnv drIfpk jsv sJfnf. sJfnf YfVf wfnW
bfbfHfsh b rsq pfq. sJfnfrDb It hfufsv hfdk bq. nckvfQ sp msbv
ilGfsj dEj vfJsk yfq, kfv dyk, slsrv ilGfsjW pKfpKHfsh dEj
vfJf. bsy{ jde YfVf zivdeW shjfv W zKGrDb.
stfj Hft rst ilGfv lvjfv sb
zsbj mdrtf hst, `zfdm pfslvsj ilGf jdv bf, kfvf Jch Hft
stfj.'
kfv mfsb Hft stfj rst kfv jfsY ilGfv lvjfv sb. zfmvf hdt,
`sn stfj pdl nfdeGdIsjeiaf dIdvwXkfW rq, khcW kfsj ilGf jvsk
rsh. nfrfhfslv kctbfq shdw Hft stfj zfv jfvf zfsY? k]fslvsj
slsJ mct mc'dmbDb hQ zbAfbA nfrfhD mdrtfoB ilGf jvskb.
sj Hft W ncydvhfb rst dj ilGfv zfqfk vdrk rsq pfsh? shilGf
rsq Jfvfi djYc bf Oefst dj ilGfv dhLfb hfdkt rsq pfsh? kfrst
83 84 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
skf bhD -v DoB dhswv nhsysq shdw idh mdrtf dYstb,
k]fslv ilGfv sjfb iasqfub dYt bf. dj mrfb zffr k]fslvsjW
ilGfv dbslGw dlsqsYb. kfrst ilGfv dhLfsb I]fdj slWqfv ubA sp
mdrtfvf sJ]fVf Yt-Yckf sJ]fsu, sn jtfhslv ubA ilGf jkef
uvvD rWqf lvjfv?
`h' rst ilGf jvh
zsbj rkHfoD hst, `Jb sKsj jD ilGf jvh, JbW zfmfv dhsq
rqdb.'
zfv ubA busv isV, shfvjf hf yflv-WqftD mfsqv nfsK
pchkD jbAf shilGf. jfvB, sn jfsvf hfsiv h bq kf!
zKy ilGf fmD hf wv-hfdVv ubA bq. ilGf dbsuv ubA. ilGf
zffrv nd tfsHv ubA. vnCt -v zfbcoskAv ubA.
dhsqv zfso dj kfv slrf stfHbDq bq? kfrst dhsqv iv sjb kf
sofibDq rsh? dhsqv zfso dj bfmfp-svfpf Ivp bq? kfrst ilGf
sjb ovu rsh?
ilGf jvst ovm tfso
zsbj ztn mdrtf Dsbv hAfifsv zhf svsJ hst, `ilGf jvsk
yflv hf shfvjf ivst ovm tfso.'
zfmvf hth, `wDskv dlsb skf zfvfm tfso.' dj ilGf skf wDk-
oaDsmv ubA bq. ovsm mb jfiV hAhrfv jvsk rsh, pfsk ovm bf
tfso. zfv ovm tfost nrA jvsk rsh. bsy{ ilGf sKsj diYt jfefv
ubA sJ]fVf zucrfk sldJsq pdl htf rq, `ovm tfso', kfrst susb
vfJf dyk sp, ovm tfofv zucrfk sldJsq pfvf zffr W k]fv vnCstv
zfbcokA jvsk mfKf yfst, kfslv hAfifsv dkdb hstsYb,
) ' ) % & << ) 5& E' % << & ) ' ' ) ) <<@9 ' ' <<{) % ) ) <<>B ' &% ' ) <<s'
% ' % U<< ' & ' Z ' % ' ) E' <<y& ( lP
) )
& ' % < ( * < ' G <j' ' ' (f< ' '
35< 95<3 ' % H) % & <yfp' 'J % & 5<W' ' ) ) )i<@' H) % ) y3& ' '
& ' % <W& , <d
e : N9 @ 17/. {E' & >y; '%'
zKGf{, pfvf (kfhcj zdHpfsb) iyfsk vsq sot, kfvf vnCstv
dhvfyvB j'sv hsn Kfjsk zfblshfL jvt hQ kfvf zffrv
isK dbsuslv Lb W iafB dlsq durfl jvfsj ziYl jvstf. zdLj
htsk tfot, `skfmvf ovsm (durfsl) shv rsqf bf.' kcdm hst lfW,
`ufrffsmv zfocb (v sysq) zdLjkv ovm'; pdl kfvf hcUsk
 ilGfv dhLfb -----------------------------
ifvk! (kfWhfr } 81)
shfvjf-WqftDW ydvrDbf
sjfb sjfb shfb hst Kfsj, `shfvjf isv jD rsh? jk shfvjf-
WqftDv sOfmefv dHksv sJmefv bfy.'
sn jKf nkA. jk shfvjf-WqftD shfvjf isv dbsuv slrsj ilGf
jsv, dj kfv msb ilGf sb. zfv kfv ubA sn dHksv sbfQvf Kfsj.
zShL siam-Hfthfnf jsv, hAdHyfv jsv, siasmv efsb syfsvv mskf Ov
sKsj shv rsq dosq tcdjsq siadmjsj zdHHfhsjv dhbf zbcmdksk
dhsqW j'sv zfuDhb hAdHyfv jsv. mb shrfqf dbtG h zfsY.
jk shfvjf-WqftD kfv vub W zlfkfslv mfKfq ucskf mfsv!
jk shfvjf-WqftD jcstv jctffv, Dsbv jie W lfiskA dyfdvBD.
jk shfvjf-WqftDv hfdrAj vi DblfvDv, dj kfv dHkv hV
uftiCBG.
zfv kfv mfsb skf bq sp, ilGf hf shfvjf Jfvfi dudbn.
shfvjf Hft smsqv ubA. kcdm Hft smsq rW. sj shfvjfv dHksv
Jfvfi, kf slJfv jD lvjfv skfmfv? sj zfkv smsJ ifqJfbf O]fest
dj zfkvef Jfvfi dudbn rq?
zhwA shfvjf-WqftDv dyk, shfvjfv mpGflf v[f jvf. zhwA
lfdV-Wqftfv dyk, lfdVv mpGflf v[f jvf. zhwA bfmfpDv dyk,
bfmfspv mpGflf v[f jvf. mrfb zffr hstb,
z iAf N9 @ 1u6. { ) AfP ( ) N' ' ( ) W) ' '
' % ' % ) D' 2 ' %fp' N' ' ( E#
' &% ' ?5}y
zKGf{, pKfpKHfsh bfmfp iV. dbyq bfmfp zwDt W ml jfu
sKsj dhvk vfsJ. (zfbjfhCk } 45)
nckvfQ bfmfpD Jfvfi jfu jvst ufbsk rsh, kfv bfmfp rq bf.
zbcvi ilGfW. ilGf rlsq Kfjst zhwA mdrtf Jfvfi rskf bf. sn
shfvjf isv m bq, kf hst kcdm shfvjf bf isv zLm rsh sjb?
pcso zfv ilGf yst bf
pco sn pco bq dEj. pco ifse sosY, mfbcsNv uDhbLfvf hlst sosY.
dj mfbcsNv slr, mfbcsNv jfmbf-hfnbf W ydv zidvhdkGk zfsY.
ilGfv dhLfb snsY icvNsj bfvD-snZlspGv dIkbf sKsj h]fyfsbfv
ubA. hkGmfsb dj sn dIkbf hlst sosY zKhf dbdyr rsq sosY?
bfdj sn dIkbf shdw zfjfsv hdLGk rsqsY? sn pcsov mdrtfslv
85 86 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
kctbfq zLcbf pcsov mdrtfslv viyyGf W ianfLbfdl shdw hxd sisqsY.
vi W snZlpGhLGj jk vjsmv nfmoaD zfdhjfv rsqsY. lxd-zfjNGD,
dyfjNGD W msbfrfvD IAfwsbv jk vjm sthfn-sifwfj kdv rsqsY.
sp nh sifwfj-ivf smsqslvsj slsJ sn pcsov shilGf shwAf smsqvfW
tf ifsh!
kfrst pcsov slfrf dlsq dj ilGfsj bfjy jvf pfsh? bfdj sn pcsov
kctbfq hkGmfb pcso ilGfsj shdw pcsofispfoD hst mfbf pfsh?
ilGf mLApcoDq j jcnQfv
ilGf mLApcoDq jcnQfv bq. ilGf mLApcsov zfso zfwf j nQfv.
pf dyvb W dyv-nclv.
shilGf mdrtfslv mfsU sp `jc' dYt zKhf zfnfv zfwf dYt, kf
lCv jvsk ilGfv nc-zfomb. ilGf mrfb zffrv slWqf dhLfb. zffrv
sjfb dhLfb `jcnQfv' bq. pfslv mfKfq `jc' zfsY, kfvf mb
efifef hcsU. sjht kfvf nQfvsj jcnQfv, lcoGdksj iaodk,
ydvrDbkfsj nHAkf, zShL siasmv dhsqsj iYl j'sv dhsq, ofb-
hfubfsj nQxdk kAfdl hst bfmjvB j'sv Kfsj.
dj pfvf mfblfv, kfvf ufsb sp, ilGfv dhLfb jde yfdvdj
idhkfv dhLfb. ksh dhLfb mfbsk dosq pdl sj mdrtfsj srsvsm
hlD vfsJ, kfrst sn dbyq so]fVf pfstm. zfv mfbcsNv jmG slsJ sjfb
zflswGv dhyfv jvf pfq bf.
nckvfQ djYc mcndtmsj ilGfq so]fVfdm jvsk slsJ, ilGfsj jcnQfv
htf shfjfdm.
djYc mcndtmsj nfn jvsk slsJ, ntfsm nfn zfsY LfvBf jvf
mrfHct.
djYc mcndtmsj mfpfviCuf jvsk slsJ, ntfsmW iCuf-zyGbf zfsY
lfhD jvf yvm Hct.
kfYfVf mcndtmslv sjfbXef so]fVfdm, sjfbXef jcnQfv, sjfbXef
hhGvkf--- nshv dhyfv sj jvsh? sjfb Fffv bf ddbqfv? sjfb
nfdrdkAj bf nfQhfdlj? sjfb sbkf bf hfdbj?
pfvf zflfv hAfifvD rsq ufrfsuv sJ]fu vfJsk pfq, kfslv sn jfu
dbyq znfv. pfvf dbsuslv dhswNkfv hfsv mcJ Jcst W jtm
yfdtsq Kfsj, kfslv sn jfu dbyq shfjfdm.
jdlb j lduGv slfjfsb dYtfm. ufmfv mfi dlsk dlsk jKf
 ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 87 88 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
Et, `zmcj dhsq jsvsY, sn kfv hcbfsj h slJsk slq bf.' slWqf. dj dTstiDvf mLAmiDslvsjW `so]fVf' msb jsv. zfv
lduG jub bfmfpD-ivsrpofv mcndtm. sn yeX j'sv hArfdn srsn yvmiDvfW bvmiDslvsj `smVf' msb jsv.
hst hnt, `]}, ef so]fVfdm!' dbqdmk i]fy-Wqf bfmfp isV pfvf, dbqdmk iadk vmpfsb svfpf
zfdm httfm, `zfidb lduG mfbcN so]fVfdm-sHVfdm ufbshb jDHfsh? jsv pfvf, kfvf pdl so]fVf rq, kfrst ilGfv dhLfb iftbjfvDW so]fVf.
zfidb sjfbX slsr jk dmefv jfiV tfosh htsk ifvshb, jk dmefv bsy{ bq.
jfisV iAfeX rq htsk ifvshb. dj wvDqskv Jfn hAfifsv fb bf shfvjfv dHksv zivfLDv zfksofib
svsJ syfJ mcsl sjfbX snfsnG hst dlstb, `ef so]fVfdm!' shfvjfv dhvs nmfstfybf j'sv zsbsj hst Kfsj, `shfvjfv
sn htt, `nfLfvB mfbcsNvfW zsbj susb Kfsj. Fffv svfo dbBGq zfVfst zivfLDvf zfksofib jsv. nckvfQ slsw shfvjf dbdN
j'sv WNcL slb. dj zfmvfW zsbsj ufdb, uv rst jD WNcL tfso, rWqf dyk. `slJsk tfdv ytb h]fjf.' shfvjf skf kfslv syfsJv
ndlG rst jD WNcL sJsk rq.---kf bq dj?' hfdt. nckvfQ zucrfsk shfvjfv zhnfb Oefsk yfq kfvf!
---zhwA. sn skf zfidbW ufsbb, sjfbX zs jk vfjzfk dj sj pdl Hft dudbsnv zihAhrfv jsv, kfrst Hftef Jfvfi
bfmfp, kfsk jD jD iVsk rq kAfdl. dj hV hV dnfsv hAfifsv rsh sjb?
pdl dbm-zfstm zKhf ufsrt mcJ yftfq, zifsvwsbv hAfifsv pdl dnsbmf W dedHv mfLAsm jk sbfQvfdm iayfv rsY, zivfsLv sedbQ
rfkcsV Fffv hf jnf Ycdv Lsv, kfrst nhGbfswv hAfifv bq dj? rsY, kf skf j dbdN rq bf.
nckvfQ `pfv jKf kfsj nfsu, zbA stfsj hsj hfsu.' sbfQvf i-idjfv mfLAsm jk sbfQvfdm iayfv rsY, kf skf j
ilGf dj iaodkv zvfq? dbdN rq bf.
ilGfv dhvs nmfstfybf j'sv zsbsj hst, `ilGf iaodkv zvfq.' kf rsh bf. jfvB, kf rt iayfv mfLAsmv fLDbkf.
dj zfnst ilGf sjfb iaodkv zvfq bq. hvQ ilGf yfdvdj zShL siam-Hfthfnf-Odek jk wk hAdHyfv, Jcb, zfkrkAf W B
lcoGdkv zvfq. kfYfVf shfvjf isv jk wk mdrtf Fsve jvsY. rkAf rsY, j kf skf dbdN jvf rq bf.
jk wk mdrtf Fffdv isV Fffdv jvsY. shfvjf isv mdrtf shwAfhxdv mc zbcsmflb slWqf rsqsY, kf dbdN rq bf.
dhfbD rsk ifsv. jfvB nh hAd-fLDbkf. kfsk rs[i jvf zfbk} hL bq.
zfv ilGf pdl iaodkv zvfq rq, kfrst shilGf mdrtfvf sjfbX zfv sjfb mcndtm nydv mdrtf ilGfv ubA shfvjf ivst, snef kfv
iaodkv zdLjfdvBD rsqsY? shilGf rst sj iaodkwDtf rsq pfq bf. hAd-fLDbkf bq. sn fLDbkfq hfLf slWqf pfsh! zfnst sp hst
iaodkwDtf rWqfv ubA ipc idvshw W hAhf yf. zfv sn bf? `zfdm spmb sTmb, lcdbqfsj sldJ skmb.' kf kfslv slsw
idvshw W hAhfq pdl ilGf Kfsj, kfrst kf sjfbdlb iaodkv zvfq bdkjkfv bfsm pf jvf rsh, snef rsh dbdN zfyvB. zfv
rsk ifsv bf. bdkjkfv zh[q Odesq sp nh YxJt zfyvB jvf rsh, kf rsh
wvqD ilGf mfbf dj so]fVfdm? hAd-fLDbkf!
zsbj ufsrt hQ dFsf zfstmW msb j'sv Kfsj, `shofbf shfvjf dbdN srfj, jfvB, shfvjfv dHksv nfnD zfksofib
zfkDqsj slsJ mdrtfv tcsjftcdj jvf so]fVfdm. slWv-hcbfsj j'sv zfkOfkD rfmtf yftfq. kfrst Icstv mftfW dbdN srfj,
zfhfv ilGf jvf pfq bfdj?' jfvB kfv mfsUW shfm sh]sL zfkOfkD rfmtf jvf rq. hAfo hAhrfv
zsbsj mcJ Tfjf ilGfsjW so]fVfdm LfvBf jsv. zKy wvDqskv sjfb jvf dbdN srfj, jfvB kfv mfsU shfm svsJ dhsIfvB Oefsbf rq.
dhLfb iftb jvf so]fVfdm bq. ilGfv hAfifsv so]fVfdm rt, mdrtfsj sjfb mdrtf pdl sisev dHkv shfm sh]sL Lvf isV, kfrst dj nm
hfdVsk zoGth j'sv vfJf hQ ilGfv nfsK hfsn-sesb yVsk bf mdrtfv siesj Jcst vfJfv zfb ufvD rsh? sjfb mdrtf pdl hfsuv
 ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 89
dHksv drsvfb ifyfv jsv, kfrst dj njt mdrtfv hcj Jcst vfJf
uvvD rsh?
jlpG shfvjf ivfv vDdk bq pcdhflD nfsrh! jlpG rt skfmfv
jlGmmq mdj. jlpG rt skfmfv jlGmmq idvshw. skfmfv dHksv
mfbD nHAkf bf Kfjst skfmfsj dj hcUfsbf pfsh nHAkfv nQf?
shfvjf ufdkv mdrtfslv mfsU hBG-hNmA nxd jsv
zsbj LmGdbvsi[hflD mfbcN hst Kfsj, `shfvjf ufdkv mdrtfslv
mfsU hBG-hNmA nxd jsv.'
zkh nhGswaBDv mdrtfslv umfsqk-s[s, ct-jstsu kf ytsh
bf. mbdj mfKfv WVbfefW hAhrfv jvsk ifvsh bf!
sjb kf ifvsh bf? sjb ifvsh bf `kxBfvdBmdB'v bAfq slswv jfu
jvsk? `bfbf HfNf, bfbf mk, bfbf idvLfb, dhdhsLv mfsU slJ dmtb
mrfb' Kfjst sjb ifvsh bf? sjb dwJ ifoVD W lfdVv mfLAsm dbsuv
kkf hufq vfJsk ifvsh bf? sjb mcndtm lfdV W ilGfv mfLAsm
dbsuv jDqkf hufq vfJsk ifvsh bf? sjb dhhfdrk drlc mdrtf
mfKfq dn]lcv isv dbsuv fkA hufq vfJsk ifvsh bf?
bfdj pk slfN, blsOfN? `nhf jxsv bfm jsv, zfdm htst Lsv
mfsv. nh wftfsj sYsV dlsq sh]sV wftfsj Lv?'
msbv mfsU wk swaBDv dhwfsnv ifKGjA svsJ pdl `mrfb dmtb'
hufq Kfsj, ]yc-dbyc ufdksHl nsW pdl `mrfb dmtb' hufq Kfsj,
bfbfb Lvsbv sthfsnv ifKGjA Kfjf nsW pdl `mrfb dmtb' hufq
Kfsj, svfiDq sifwfj isvW pdl ufdkv `mrfb dmtb' hufq Kfsj,
sYstvf smsqslv mskf hQ smsqvf sYstslv mskf sifwfj isvW pdl
ufdkv `mrfb dmtb' hufq Kfsj, kfrst mcndtm mdrtfslv shfvjf
ivfv Ist sn `mrfb dmtb'- Ifet Lvsh sjb? sjht mcndtm
mdrtfslv nHA sthfsn hBG-hNmA nCdyk rsh sjb? mcndtmslv
ifwGbAft t' dbsq iayfv-mfLAmstfsk k rSy rq sjb?
spsrkc nHAkfv sHfe jm kf bf? ntfm `swa LmG' kf bf?
Hftv drQnf sj bf jsv? kf kfvfW jsv. kfvf skf zfnst yfq,
mcndtmvf nh djYcsk kfslv mskf srfj.
?5 f N9 @ 17L. {? ' @' E' 3& A:s &% ' %'% G '
& ' ' % & y' ' ' ' E' & yAp
zKGf{, kfvf yfq sp, kfvf spvi zdhhfn jsvsY, skfmvfW snvi
zdhhfn jv; Ist kfvf W skfmvf jfjfv rsq pfW. (dbnf } 89)
90 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
) ) ) ' &f ' ] ' ;^) ( 5 ' % & ' 3 ) ) )
z5d5<
' ( & BD ' ' % ( E' z5R' , ( & I' ' % ' ;^ ( V ' ' =% +
e 5 N9 @ 1/. {E' BAK & & % ' 5' ?5@
' ' % 5
& & ' ' ' & 5' % ( ?+ ' @'
zKGf{, ififyfvDvf dj msb jsv sp, zfdm uDhb W mxkcAv dlj dlsq
Wslvsj kfslv nmfb oBA jvh, pfvf mfb vfsJ hQ n{jfu jsv?
Wslv Ifqnftf jk dbjx. (ufdNqfr } 21)
dj hV lc}sJv dhNq sp, mcndtm slswW h LmGdbvsi[ (?) mfbcN
zfsY, pfslv fvf ilGf sYslv lfhD EsY! mcndtmvf ntfsmv
zflwGsj ziYl jvsY. spsrkc kfvf bfmLfvD mcntmfb. sj zfhfv
bfdj mcntmfb!
ilGf mdrtfv hAd-fLDbkf rvB jsv
zsbj mdrtf LfvBf jsv sp, ilGf mdrtfv hAd-fLDbkf rvB jsv
hQ kfsj kfv Yfmskf shwHCNf oarsB hfLf ialfb jsv.
hAd-fLDbkf jKfde iasqfo jvf rstW kfv pKfKG zfmt hAd-
uDhsb slJf pfq bf. spsrkc sjfb mfbcN dbu Yfmskf sJsk ifsv bf,
Yfmskf ivsk ifsv bf, Yfmskf Ocmfsk ifsv bf, Yfmskf zfyvB
jvsk ifsv bf. bsy{ zfmvf rkAf, ycdv-Ffjfdk, LNGB, lcbGDdk,
zvfujkf, mfktfdm iaHdx k zivfLsj hAdv `hAd-fLDbkf' msb
jsv si[f jvkfm.
FffvD islw bf smsb iYlmskf ifbfrfv j'sv zjft mxkcA
sFsj zfbkfm.
dj kf jvf rq bf. nckvfQ jY hAd-fLDbkf jfsvf sb. ksh
dbqdk W ncwxJdtk hAd-fLDbkf zhwA zfsY. zfv mfbcsNv
zfyvsB dbqB W ncwxJtf ns jmf mfbcsNv nxdjkGf shdw
ufsbb. dkdb Hft hcsUb mfbcsNv iajdx k W iahBkf. nckvfQ dkdb
kfv dbqsBv zdLjfv vfsJb hQ snef rq nhsysq shdw ItianC.
n P N9 @ 1/u. {ai & ) ( ' & ' c' ' {' % ' & ' ;
& )'% % ' J' '
zKGf{, dpdb nxd jsvsYb, dkdb dj ufsbb bf? dkdb nC[lwDG, nmAj
zhok. (mctXj } 14)
i[fsv sp hAd mcndtm rq, sn zfknmiGBjfvD rq. mcndtm
mfsb zfknmiGBjfvD. zfv zisvv dbje zfknmiGBjfvDv dbyq
sjfb hAd-fLDbkf Kfjsk ifsv bf. jfvB sn ufsb sp, p]fv dbje sn
zfknmiGB jsvsY, dkdb kfv mtfmstv hAfifsv shdw hcsUb.
 ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 91
dbyq dkdb mfbcsNv ubA pf jtAfBjv, kf dhdLh jsvb. zfv kJb
kf smsb sbWqf hAkDk zfknmiGBjfvDv dbje zbA sjfb iK sJftf
Kfsj bf.
) & % ' <) ) ) <@9
% ' < & >;& ' E' % & 'f<% '
5'fB<@ ' A & ''
nR' ) ' % Us& ' ) >:% ( ;' ' ' %' ' ' & ' @9 ) ) & ' ' 16/. E' & ) yP
& ' ' ' x;
zKGf{, pJb mc'dmbslvsj kfslv msLA mDmfQnf j'sv slWqfv ubA
zffr hQ k]fv vnCstv dlsj zfrhfb jvf rq, kJb kfvf skf sjht
jKf hst, `zfmvf wahB jvtfm W mfbA jvtfm.' zfv Wvf rt
nItjfm. pfvf zffr W k]fv vnCstv zfbcokA jsv, zffrsj Hq
jsv W k]fv wfd rsk nfhLfb Kfsj, kfvf rt jxkjfpG. (bCv } 51-52)
) & ) % <' E' <A; ' ) e<'F f ) g% & J' ' F ) g<P
% < Na<
'' & & & ' E' + < % ' & & <@9 ' ' "#
& ' ' & <W
~ 4 N9 @ 1v. {5+f )i G J+ ' ' ( ' % >s ' ' & ' @9
zKGf{, zffr W k]fv vnCt sjfb dhNsq dbslGw dlst sjfb dhwfnD
icvN djQhf dhwfnD bfvDv sn dhNsq dH dnfsv zdLjfv Kfjsh bf.
sj zffr hQ k]fv vnCstv zhfLA rst sn skf i iK rsh.
(zfrpfh } 36)
) % & ( D' 5p
{E' & !; & ' ' ) % & & ' E5
' ' % & Na
' ' ' ' ) E5i@
' ' 5 ' 95& :%' ' ' ?5};
zKGf{, skfmfv iadkiftj pf Yf nxd jsvb hQ pfsj Yf
msbfbDk jsvb, sk Wslv sjfb Jdkqfv sb. zffr idh, mrfb
hQ Wvf pfsj zQwD jsv, kf rsk dkdb sLG. (jfnfn } 68)
mfbcN pJb znc rsq isV, kJb sjfb Hft Fffsvv jfsY pfq
dydj{nfv ubA. Fffv kfsj WNcL slb, sn WNcL sk]skf hQ vdy-
dhv rstW sJsk rq. djYc zdkdv iKA slb hQ dbdlG mb
dudbn sJsk hstb, pf kfv iYslv hfsv. djYc mb dudbn sJsk
dbsNL jsvb, pf kfv jf iYslv. kJb mfbcN nckf tfsHv ubA
Fffsvv ivfmwG smsb ytsk hfLA rq. kJb kfv sjfb hAd-
fLDbkf Kfsj bf. zfv kf Kfjst hf vfJst nckfv bfoft ifq bf.
zbcvi nxdjkGf mrfb zffr zfmfslv ubA wxJdtk uDhb lfb
jsvsYb, sn uDhsbv hfhkf smsb dbsk rsh, pdlW kf zfmfslv
hAd-fLDbkf-dhsvfLD. zfmfslv wvDsv pkecjc thB tfso, pkecjc dydb
tfso, pkecjc stfrf tfso, kfv jmshdw dbsuv Yfmskf oarB jvsk
92 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
ifdv bf. jvst uDhb h]fyfsk ifvh bf. dkdb sthfn-sifwfj dlsqsYb
mfbcsNv k-nm h]fyfsbfv ubA. zfmvf kf Yfmskf hAhrfv jvsk
ifdv bf, jvst dbsuslv k-nmfb v[f jvsk ifvh bf.
) #' ) <D& & "# ' ) ) gP
' ) rf ' ' ' 3#( )
% &% ' % W' E5 nHA mfbcsNv uDhsb sjfb zhfL hAd-fLDbkf sb. pdl jfsvf
% &% & & nR ' ) ' % & ' 5'f
%' ''
Kfsj, ksh jmf ifostv zfsY. zfv ifostv uDhb zfmvf sj
yf bf.
9 <<f N9 @ 16. { E' ~&)qy' % & &
lcdbqfv zdLjfQw mdrtfvf ilGf jsv bf
zsbj mdrtf hst, `sj zfv mfbsY Hfqf! zdLjfQw smsqvf skf
ilGf mfsb bf.'
kfv mfsb, kcdmW mfbsh bf. kcdmW odtjf-iahfsr of Hfnfsk yfW,
kcdmW okfbcodkj ydvsv mdrtf rsk yfW. kcdm msb jv, nQJAfodv
mdrtf spef jsv, snef dbyq m. skfmfv pcd j iajfv
% )& E5
' ' 5' '
oBkfdj. zKy kcdm jKf ufsbf sp, nQnfsvv zdLjfQw mfbcN Hft
) %' ' ' % ) )%'
& ' ' ' ; bq. zdLjfQw mfbcN ufrffsm pfsh. nckvfQ nQJAfq jm rstW
skfmfsj Hft mfbcNslv zflwG oarB jvsk rsh. mrfb zffr hstb,
) < )i% N& < % ' n<
) % & 5<<;' ' % >p5<
& ( <s' < ' ' ' ' % ' % < ' ' V<
' <iD & <, ( ' < ' % T ) :' % <;' (J <W&
& < )i
N 5P N9 @ 1/. {E' & ) yp% & % A& ( ' ' ) 5i' % '4
' ' 5 ' c& &
% ' n' G 9' ' zKGf{, ht, `zidh W idh nmfb bq; pdlW zidhsv zfdLjA
skfmfsj ym{jxk jsv. nckvfQ sr hcdwdni hAdhoG! skfmvf
zffrsj Hq jv, pfsk skfmvf nItjfm rsk ifv.' (mflfr } 100)
hsb mfnl hstsYb, `skfmvf ivfbcofmD (sqn-mAfb) rsqf
bf.' stfsjvf htt, `ivfbcofdmkf jD?' dkdb htstb, ` htf sp,
zfmvf stfsjslv zbcofmD. kfvf n{isK Kfjst zfmvf zfdY hQ
kfvf iK rst zfmvfW iK. hvQ iaskAsjv mbsj iak vfJf
dyk sp, stfsj jfsIv rst, sn rsh bf.' (kfhfvfbD)
icvsNv iv ilGf Ivp bq sjb?
ilGfv zfnt swA pdl k-v[f rq, kfrst icvNsj ilGf
jvsk htf rq bf sjb?
spsrkc iajdx kokHfsh icvsNv hfdrAj slr mdrtfv syfsJ kkef hf
smfse zfjNGBDq W hfbDq bq, pkef mdrtfv hfdrAj slr icvsNv
syfsJ zfjNGBDq W hfbDq. mdrtfv hfdrAj slr slsJ icvsNv msb sp
jfmbf W hfnbfv nxd rq, icvsNv hfdrAj slr slsJ mdrtfv msb sn
 ilGfv dhLfb -----------------------------
jfmbf W hfnbfv nxd rq bf. kf pf stfHbDq, kfsj sofib Kfjsk
htf rsqsY. kfYfVf icvNsj kfv y[c nQpk jvsk htf rsqsY. spmb
sn jKf zbA fsb zfstfdyk rsqsY.
bfvD rt Ict vi. zfv icvN rt mv. lcdbqfv nhfv Icstv iadk
zfjNGB Kfsj, msvv iadk zfjNGB Kfsj bf. nckvfQ mvsj ilGf
jvsk htfv sjfb spZdjkf sb.
kfYfVf icvN ifuGb W idvwamwDt. nxdjkGf kfv slrsj snHfsh
ncEfm j'sv nxd jsvsYb. bfvD kf bq, kfv slrsj dkdb hV sjfmt W
jmbDq j'sv nxd jsvsYb. bfvD zi idvwasm jfkv rsq isV. kfv
HCdmjf idvwam jvf bq. iv idvwamDsj pdl ilGfv jcm slWqf rq,
kfrst mfbcsNv sie ytsh jDHfsh?
zffr snZlpG iYl jsvb, kfrst kf sofib jvfv
dbslGw sjb?
zsbsj hst, `zffr nclv, dkdb snZlpG iYl jsvb. kfrst
mdrtfv sn snZlpG sofib jvf sjb?'
mrfb zffr snZlpG iYl jsvb. dj sp snZlpG dIkbf nxd jsv,
kf iajfw j'sv shVfsbfsj ziYl jsvb. dkdb bfvD-slsrv sp
snZlpG kfv fmDv ubA nxd jsvsYb, kfv jfsY iajfw jvst hQ sn
slr-ncNmf W Hfthfnfv mfLAsm fmDsj sJfw vfJst kfv ubA icvfv
svsJsYb uffk. zfv mb fmD hV snZHfohfb.
zffrv vnCt hstb, snZHfsoAv D sn; pfsj slsJ fmD mc rq
hQ nQnfv sYsV hfsv sost D W kfv nislv hAfifsv dbdy
Kfsj. zfv lcHGfofv D rt sn; pfsj slsJ fmDv mb dk rq, sp
fmDv iv duH tf jsv (tfbkfb jsv) hQ nQnfv sYsV hfsv
sost D W kfv nislv hAfifsv sn dbdy rsk ifsv bf. (
1047bQ)
dkdb zfsvf hstb, swa vmBD sn, pfv iadk kfv fmD lxjXifk
jvst sn kfsj sJfw jsv slq, sjfb zfslw jvst kf iftb jsv hQ
kfv uDhb W nisl fmDv ziYlbDq dhvfyvB jsv bf. (
1838bQ)
dkdb zfsvf hstb, Dv ubA fmD kfv uffk zKhf ufrffm.
(hsb zfhD wfhfr,bfnf, kfhfvfbD, rfsjm iamcJ)
ilGf bf jsvW nkD rst
93 94 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
`zfdm ilGf bf jvstW zfmfv swA sjfb icvNsj zfjNGB jvf
bq. kfskW dj zfmfv sofbfr rsh. zfdm nkD Kfjst hQ ifsiv
swA bf KfjstW dj ifi rsh?'
ifsiv swA bf Kfjst ifi rq bf dEj. dj [dk skf rq. zfv
sp [dkv ubA kcdm lfqD, kfv lfdqk skf hrb jvsk rsh. Lv,
pfvf ofdV zKhf dt yftfsk dosq zdbYfjxkHfsh mfbcN Jcb jsv,
kfslvsjW [dkiCvB dlsk rq. kcdm dnofsve iYl jv bf. jub
pdl skfmfv ifsw hsn dnofsve efbsk tfso hQ kfv sL]fqf skfmfv
bfsj-mcsJ tfso, kfrst kfsk dj kcdm [dkoa W dhv rsh bf?
pdlW kfv swA skfmfv [dk jvf bq.
zbcvi kcdm nkD sKsj ilGf bf jvst hQ kfv iyfsk sjfb dIkbf
nxd jvfv swA bf KfjstW dIkbf rsh. j swaBDv pchj skfmfv
slr-jfd lwGb j'sv kxd zbcHh jvsh, zfv kfsk kfslv [dk rsh
hQ kfv ubA lfqD rsh kcdm.
kfYfVf [dk skfmfvW rsk ifsv. tjtsj nhcu Instv pdl shVf
dlsq drIfpk bf jvf rq, kfrst ov-Yfot sn sn Int b jvsk
ifsv. lfmD dudbn dEjmskf dbvfil ufqofq bf svsJ spJfsb-snJfsb
sIst vfJst, syfv kf kcst dbsq spsk ifsv. nckvfQ dbsuv wdKstAv
jfvsB dbsuv dhil zfbf mdrtfv dyk bq. dbsu zpk W
fdnjkf ialwGb j'sv dbsuv zmCtA vk rfdvsq sItf smfse
hfbDq bq.
nflf-mfEf sifwfj ivstW dj ilGf uvvD?
`zfdm ilGf bf jvstW zfjNGBDq ianfLb W nfusofu j'sv dbsusj
ialwGb jdv bf. Jch fHfdhjHfsh hfsv pf. kfskW dj ifi rsh?'
zhwA. bfvDv slref icvsNv busv hV zfjNGBDq. bfvD dbsu kf
zbcHh bfW jvsk ifsv. nfusofsu zfjNGB shdw hfVfq kf. kfYfVf
dhbf nfsuW mdrtfv slr jmbDq W vmBDq. zfv mrfbhD hstsYb,
vmBD oc dudbn; nckvfQ pJb sn (hfdV rsk) shv rq, kJb wqkfb
kfsj icvsNv lxdsk vmBDq j'sv slJfq. (nrDr dkvdmpD 936bQ)
ifiD mdrtfv ilGfq jD tfH?
zsbsj hst, `zfdm zbA ifi huGb jvsk ifdv bf, kfrst ilGf
jsv hf jD rsh?'
zfmvf hth, ilGf j'sv zk} jde zdkdv ifi sKsj skf h]fyf
 ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 95
pfsh. sn nfsK syf vfJsk rsh, pfsk njt ifi sKsj lCsv Kfjf pfq.
zfv pdl skfmfv ydvs icvsbf jtW Kfsj, khcW ilGf bf jsv
jtsv jfdtmfv idvnvsj hfdVsq kcstf bf. zffrv jfsY ndEjHfsh
kWhf jv. kWhf skfmfv njt ifisj icBAvfdwsk idvBk j'sv
slsh. wqkfsbv jcmBf sKsj ifbfr yfW, jfvB sn skfmfsj n{isK
dIsv zfnsk hfLflfb jvsh. nmfsuv jKfsj isvfqf jsvf bf, nmfu
skfmfv rsq drnfh slsh bf.
wdKtA jsvf bf shfbde! JbW nmq zfsY. ifsiv shfUf rff jv,
bsy{ kfv wfd hV jdEb! mrfb zffrv hfBD ifE j'sv jfs
jec dyf jv,
) )
, ' & % ' ' ' & B3
& % B3 ' % ' 5(f & T^ ( at
' % ' 5d5 ' % ' 5'f % ) {% ' 5'f ( 9' 5 ' s E' {& ) ;
+ ' % B3
5s 10. {a3 F ) ( rP5 ) ) )
' ( ' s' W& ^s
& ' & ;^(f & & ?5 ' ' ' ( ^p
zKGf{, snJfsb (ufrffsm) kfvf zfkGbfl j'sv htsh, `sr zfmfslv
iadkiftj! zfmfslvsj (Jfb rsk) shv jv, zfmvf n{jfu jvh;
iCshG pf jvkfm, kf zfv jvh bf.' zffr htshb, `zfdm dj
skfmfslvsj k lDOG uDhb lfb jdvdb sp, kJb sj islw oarB
jvsk yfst islw oarB jvsk ifvk? skfmfslv dbje skf
nkjGjfvDW sndYt. nckvfQ wfd zfflb jv; nDmftQObjfvDslv
sjfb nfrfpAjfvD sb.' (Ifdkv } 37)
ilGf jvst zfib iv rsq pfq
zsbsj hst, `zfdm ilGf jvst zsbj zfkDq iv rsq pfsh. zfv
snef zfmfv ubA [dkjv rsh.'
Jftfskf Hfsj ilGf jvst, sn Hf skf vfo jsv, JftfW vfo jsv
hQ sn susv mfW vfo jsv! blfsj ilGf jvst bbl W wfvD vfo
jsv! pfslvsj ilGf jdv, kfvf zfmfslv hfdV zfnf h j'sv slq.
zfmvf hdt, zffrv zfbcokA jvst sp zfkDq iv rsq pfq, sn
zfkDq skfmfv zfkDq Kfjf Hft bq. Hft jfu jvst sp skfmfsj
Hfthfsn hQ Jfvfi jfu jvst sp skfmfsj OxBf jsv, sn rt ivm
zfkDq; pdlW kfv nfsK skfmfv sjfb vsv nijG sb.
LpG Lv shfbde zfmfv! zfv susb svsJf, pfvf Hft jfu jsv,
kfslvsj zffr Hfthfsnb. zfv pfslvsj zffr Hfthfsnb, kfvf
zbA jfsvf Hfthfnfv mcJfsi[D bq. khcW mrfb zffr hstsYb,
96 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
; N9 @ 1Lv. { * & & ' % ( & & ' & ) ) ) '
& BD &f ' ] ' ;^) ( E#
()
' % ' @' z5d5
' ( '
zKGf{, pfvf dhwfn jsvsY hQ n{jmG jsvsY, ivm lqfmq kfslv
ubA (ifvidvj) niaDdk nxd jvshb. (mfvqAfm } 96)
zKGf{, ixdKhDsk mfbcsNv zsv n{jmG W ivsrpofvDv ubA
Hfthfnfv nxd jvshb. spmb rflDsn snsY, pJb zffr sjfb
hflfsj dbsuv diaq jsv sbb, kJb dkdb duhvDt -sj hstb sp,
zfdm zmcj hflfsj Hfthfdn, kcdmW kfsj Hfthfn. nckvfQ duhvDt
W kfsj Hfthfnsk v jsvb. zk}iv dkdb nfvf zfjfsw
sOfNBf jsv slb sp, zffr zmcj hflfsj Hfthfsnb, skfmvfW kfsj
Hfthfn. nckvfQ zfjfswv nm dIdvf kfsj Hfthfnsk v jsvb.
)
' % ' % & '
kfviv ixdKhDsk kfv hvB W oarBspfoAkf fib jvf rq. (hcJfvD)
)
' ' ' ) )s & ( ^:;
' ' ' 5( zff vfsJf, kcdm pdl ndkAndkA Hft jfu jv hQ wvqD ilGf
jvfv mskf durflD Hft jfu jv, kfrst skfmfv zfkDq-iv njst
skfmfsj Hfthfnsh.
ksh jde jKf msb svsJ nfbf dbsqf, nhsysq shdw Hft jfu dpdb
j'sv sosYb, nhsysq shdw zffrv Hfthfnf dpdb tfH jsvsYb,
k]fvW w dYt. zfv kcdm sj?
Hft stfsjv drQncj Kfsj. kcdm ilGfbwDb hst skfmfvW drQncj
Kfjsk ifsv. drQncjsj dbsuv uftfq icsV mvsk lfW. sn pk ust,
kk kfv uftfq zfsvf dO Tfstf.
pdl kcdm kfslv drQnfq j ifW, kfrst LpG Lsvf hQ ilGf huGb
jsvf bf. mfbcsNv nfmdqj jlfbsj zffrv zfpfshv mskf sHshf bf.
jfvB sn zfpfh zfsvf jdEb. mrfb zffr hstb,
) f e'' f:s% ) ' ' ' ) H) T"
) ' ) ' )5) 5(f ] & >;& ) f ' )'
{) ) ^
' ' ' |5( ' & "ws ' ' ' |5(
zKGf{, mfbcsNv msLA djYc stfj hst, `zfmvf zffrsj dhwfn jdv';
dj zffrv isK pJb Wslvsj j slWqf rq, kJb Wvf mfbcsNv
iDVbsj zffrv wfdv mk oBA jsv. (zfbjfhCk } 10)
kcdm pdl skfmfv zfkDqsj sJfw jvsk dosq ilGfv Ivp huGb jv,
kfrst wk dLjX skfmfsj. nhGbfw skfmfv!
mrfbhD hstb, sp hAd stfsjslvsj zn jsvW zffrv
nd zsbNB jsv, sn hAdv ubA stfsjslv jlfsb zffr psK
rb. zfv sp hAd zffrsj zn j'sv stfsjslv nd sJ]fsu, sn
hAdsj zffr stfsjslv iadk snfilG j'sv slb. (dkvdmpD,
 ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 97 98 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
dntdntfr nrDrfr 2311bQ) (J) ilGfv jcm njt mdrtfslv ubA. spsrkc zfqfsk htf
sp hAd stfsjslvsj zn jsvW zffrv nd zsbNB jsv, rsqsY, skfmvf bfmfp iadkf jv W pfjfk ialfb jv hQ zffr W
sn hAdv iadk zffr n rb hQ stfjslvsjW kfv iadk n k]fv vnCstv zbcokf rW. zfv jcm sjht bhD-ikDslv ubA bq.
jsvb. zfv sp hAd zffrsj zn j'sv stfjslv nd zsbNB (o) ilGfv dhLfb sp zfmHfsh njt mcndtm bfvDslv ubA kfv iamfB
jsv, sn hAdv iadk zffr zn rb hQ stfjslvsjW kfv iadk zbA zfqfsk vsqsY. mrfb zffr hstsYb,
zn j'sv slb. (hsb drfb iamcJ) ( ) )i< ) ' ' < ) ( ) % <' D' r3
' ) % <;& rf
' ) ) g<P
% &% ?5 ' <3) ' np5'
' ) f ' ' n' ) ' 4 % ' , W& mi( G ) f 5' G ' 5;'
~ 4 N9 @ 16L. { + ) 9( 9+ yt & ' & E5 ' ' ' ' ;"g; % & E' 23' % ' n' "'
% ' % & ' s' ' s% ' ;
)
ilGf sjht bhD-ikDslv ubA zKGf{, sr bhD! kcdm skfmfv DoBsj, jbAfoBsj W mc'dmbslv
djYc dwd[k mdrtfv LfvBf sp, ilGfv zfqfkdtsk sjht bhD- vmBDoBsj ht, kfvf spb kfslv yflsvv djqlQw dbsuslv
ikDslvsj nsfLb jvf rsqsY. zfv kfv mfsb ilGfv dhLfb sjht (mcJmstv) iv sesb slq. sk kfslvsj sybf nrukv rsh; Ist
k]fslv ubA dYt. nfLfvB mdrtfslv ubA kf bq hQ kfslv ubA kf kfslvsj kA jvf rsh bf. zfv zffr mrf [mfwDt ivm lqftc.
hV jdEbW hse! spmb mrfb zffr hstsYb, (zfrpfh } 59)
sr bhD-ikDoB! skfmvf zbA bfvDslv mk bW; pdl skfmvf (O) ilGfv jcm bhD-ikDslv ubA rstW k]fslv zbcnvB jvf njt
zffrsj Hq jv ksh ivicvsNv nfsK sjfmt js mbHfsh jKf mcndtm bfvDv jkGhA. mrfb zffr hstb,
hstf bf, pfsk zsv pfv hAfdL zfsY sn iatc rq. zfv skfmvf ) % = % ' ',P e'$ f ' ' N$ ' @% & ) ) @9
' ' ' "' ' ' { ' %' ' ' '
& % ;' E5 & ' H) % A& ' E5
' ' % >' '
nlftfi jv. (fHfdhjHfsh jKf ht.) skfmvf oxsr zhfb jv
~ 4 N9 @ 1/. { a+ ) '
hQ (iafj-ntfmD) ufsrtD pcsov mk dbsuslvsj ialwGb jsv
shdVsqf bf. skfmvf bfmfp iadkf jv W pfjfk ialfb jv hQ zffr zKGf{, skfmfslv msLA pfvf zffr W ivjftsj Hq jsv hQ
W k]fv vnCstv zbcokf rW; sr bhD-idvhfv! zffr skf sjht zffrsj zdLj mvB jsv, kfslv ubA vfnCtcfrv (ydvsv) msLA
skfmfslv mLA sKsj zidhkf lCv jvsk yfb hQ skfmfslvsj m zflwG vsqsY. (zfrpfh } 21)
niCBGvsi idh jvsk yfb. (zfrpfh } 32-33) (M) ilGfv jcm njt mdrtfv ubA hAfij hst sm nftfmfr
skfmvf kfv ikDslv dbje rsk djYc yfst ilGfv zvft rsk (vfdpqff zfbrf) hstb, ` zfqfk zhkDBG rst (mlDbfv)
yfW. dhLfb skfmfslv hQ kfslv rlsqv ubA zdLjkv idh. zfbnfvslv mdrtfvf pJb shv rt, kJb kfslv mfKfq (jfstf) yflv
skfmfslv jfvW is[ zffrv vnCtsj j slWqf zKhf kfv mxkAc v (hf smfef WVbf) slsJ msb rdYt spb Wslv mfKfq jfstf jfsjv U]fj
iv kfv ikDslvsj dhhfr jvf jJbW nk bq. dbyq zffrv hsn zfsY!' (zfhC lfl 4101 bQ)
lxdsk sOfvkv zivfL. ( } 53) zffr kfzftfv zfslw, mcdmb smsqvf spb kfslv OfV W hcjsj
dj mdrtfv LfvBf ndEj bq. kfv jfvB iadBLfbspfoA }- mfKfv jfiV fvf sTsj sbq---. (bCv } 31) zfsqwf (vfdpqff
(j) bhD-ikDoB nhsysq shdw mfblfv, n{wDt W idh mdrtf zfbrf) hstb, `iCshGv mcrfduv mdrtfslv iadk zffr vrm jsvb.
rWqf nsW pdl jcm rq, kfrst nfLfvB mdrtfslv s[s jD zfqfk zhkDBG rst kfvf kfslv idvsLq jfiVnmCsrv msLA
jcm rWqf dyk? ilGfv jcm dj nfLfvB mdrtfslv ubA shdw nhsysq smfef jfiVdesj sIsV mfKfv WVbf hfdbsq mfKf (mcJ-OfV-
psKfipc bq? otf-hcj) sTsjdYt.' (zfhC lfl 4102bQ)
(y) sr bhD-ikDoB! skfmvf zbA bfvDslv mk bW---v zKG
bq sp, k]fslv iajdx k W ydv zbA mdrtfslv sKsj dHkv.
 ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 99
swA rt, skfmvf zflwG mdrtf. skfmfslvsj zffrv zfslw nhfv
zfso W nhsysq shdw mfbsk rsh. spmb nfLfvBk} iaskAj sbkxfbDq
W mfm-zfstmosBv ubA htf rq, zfmst k]fvf ubnfLfvsBv zflwG
rshb. zfv kfv mfsb bq sp, k]fvf pf jvshb, kf zbAsj jvsk
rsh bf.
dkDq JtDIf mfv dhb Jffh dbsuv idvhfv-idvubsj
htskb, `skfmfslv msLA sp sj sjfb zivfsL zfmfv jfsY zfbDk
rsh, zfdm kfsj Fht wfd slh. spsrkc stfsjvf skfmfslv dlsj
kfdjsq Kfsj, spmb dyt-wjcdb sofwXskv dlsj kfdjsq Kfsj. skfmvf
zivfsL idkk rst, kfvfW idkk rsh.'
zKGf{, skfmvf zflwG rsq pdl ifi jv, kfrst kf slsJ nfLfvB
mfbcN ifsi shdw lc}nfrdnjkf ialwGb jvsh.
(Y) wvDqskv sp jcm bhD hf k]fv ikD zKhf sjfb nfrfhDsj
nsfLb j'sv zhkDBG rq, kf zfnst k]fslv ubA Jfn rq bf. ksh
Jfn rWqfv pdl ltDt Kfsj, kfrst kf Jfn mfbsk rsh. zfv ilGfv
dhLfb sp sjht bhD-ikDslv ubA Jfn, kfv sjfb ltDt skf sb,
hvQ ltDt zfsY kfv dhivDk.
(u) mrfb zffr ilGfv dhLfsbv spZdjkf W ijfdvkf hBGbf
jsvsYb. zfv kf rt sp, dhLfb skfmfslv hQ kfslv rlsqv
ubA zdLjkv idh. nckvfQ sj jKf htsk ifsv bf sp, nfLfvB
mcndtm icvN-mdrtfoB sn idhkfv mcJfsi[D bq. sKsjW i rq
sp, dhLfb njstv ubA.
ifyfskAv mdrtfslv ilGf
spZb-fLDbkfv svfi-zfsmdvjfsk ilGfv jKf rfnAjv. spJfsb
ilGfbwDb mdrtf rfdnv ifD. snJfbjfv nmfsu shfvjf-WqftD mdrtf
j zfuDh mdrtf, j dhvt mdrtf.
bfvD-fLDbkf kKf spZb-fLDbkfv idvshsw ilGf smsb ytf mdrtfv
ubA hV jdEb. sp idvshsw zfb j'sv ilGf dbdN sOfNBf rq.
spJfsb ilGf slsJ hA-dhi jvf rq. sHfohflD sn nmfsu ilGfsj
`snsjst' smsqslv dyr msb jvf rq.
swaBDv lcdbqflfv shDb mfbcNslv zfyvB W idvBfm ns mrfb shfvjf Jcst sIst dlt. sib dIsv sot ndlqfq. sn nfsK shfvjfW
zffr hstsYb,
100 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
) ) d5 ' ' ) E' & % ;' 'J ' ;^) ( E#
% <D' % < & ' ;^< ( ' 5<h' ) % 3U<B
G ' ' % ' 5' 3% G < N5< ' % ) % 9 & ' ' 53?5> ('
3 ; N9 @ 17. {E' i& ) A; ' ) ' % & 10. E' & )s5t' 5'f)p5;]'
% ' % 35& ' ' ) 95G& f & & ' U% ' nR
zKGf{, pfvf zfmfv nfsK nf[fskv zfwf sifNB jsv bf hQ ifdKGh
uDhb dbsq idvkx Kfsj hQ sk pfvf dbdy Kfsj hQ pfvf
zfmfv dblwGbfhtD ns lfnDb; stfjslv dbsuslv jxkjsmGv
Ist dEjfbf rsh ufrffm. (bcn } 7-8)
svfi kfv Hcsqf nHAkf dbsq odhGk. ifdKGh fb-dhfb dbsq
sYfyfdvkfq m. sp slswv idvshsw 12-14 hYsv sj jcmfvD Kfsj
bf. sp idvshswv mdrtfvf fmD W hcv mfsU sjfb ifKGjA hcsU bf. sp
slswv Osv Osv zdhhfdrk smsqvf kfslv hcslvsj dbsq mf-hfi-
Hfslv nfsK j sedhst hsn ifbfrfv jsv. hcv nfsK jfs
nrfhfb W nrhfn jsv!
sp idvshsw `bfvD-fLDbkf'v zKG rt, bfvD mc slsr vff-Ofse W
rfse-hfufsv ytfsIvf jvsh. Yfmskf icvN hc oarB jvsh.
Yfmskf hfdVv hfsv Kfjsh, kfsk sj hfLf slsh bf, sj jdIqk
sbsh bf. spJfsb bokf rt bfvD-fLDbkf.
fLDb bfvD sn, sp dhdH srfset W hfsv bfy-ofb j'sv shVfq.
fLDb bfvD sn, sp dhdH IAfwb-swfsq msFt rsq dbsusj zLG
bofhfq ialwGb jsv.
zfstfjiaf mdrtf sn, pfv slsrv dnQrHfo zQsw nCspGv zfstf
tfso!
mb slsw, mb idvshsw dj ilGfv jKf HfhfW pfq? smfse bf.
sp slsw mcndtm slswv ilGfbwDbvf nIv jvst qfvsifseG shfvjf
hAfso Hsv sbq. sp slsw si]ZsY dosq mcndtm mdrtf jfmbf jsv sp,
kfsj spb sjfb svfdiqfb zbA ufdkv mdrtf hst dybsk bf ifsv!
dj nskAv jef skudqkf zfsY. sp nkAsj sofib vfJf pfq
bf. sn bo slswv h mdrtf Jb sn nkA itd jsvsY, sp
nskAv zfstf sKsj zsbj ilGfbwDb shv rsq h]fysk yfsY, sn
nskAv zfstfv diifnfq svfsiv zsbj mdrtf durfl j'sv pfsY.
j nlD mdrtf fmDv nfsK kWrDl W ilGfv slw sKsj spZb-
fLDbkfv j slw iAfdvn nIv jvt. fmDv Yfbcnfsv sisb kfv
 ilGfv dhLfb -----------------------------
dIsv sot ilGfv slsw. dIsv sot mfsbv idvshsw. dIsv sot sn
srsvsm, spJfsb mdrtfv pKfKG jlv jvf rq.
mdrtf fmD-nfsbv nfsK svfsi hnhfn jvsk tfot. iasqfusb
efdt, rtf, shtduqfm, ufmGfdb, sib iaHdx k ufqofq nIv jvsk
Kfjt. sn nh slswv dydVqf-Ov, uflc-Ov, ifjG, nmc-njk,
dKsqefv, hfv, srfset, mfsjGe iaHdx k shVfhfv ufqofdt slJsk
tfot. dhbf ilGfq icvNslv nfsK dmwsk tfot. svfsiv zdHufk
sifwfj isv, bfbf ianfLsbv nfsK hfufsv dIvsk tfot. Hcst sot
dbsuv slswv jKf, Hcst sot ilGfv jKf.
LDsv LDsv bfmfpW Ycesk tfot. dhde-iftGfsv dosq zfLcdbjf snsu
zfnsk slsJ kfv fmDW hV sJfw dYt. uDhsbv ivm zfbl W yvm
ncJ kfvf isHfo jvsk tfot.
nkDk h]fdysq ytstW dbu slsrv vi-tfhBA fvf lwGb-kxd
isHfo jsvsY h icvsN. msb isV dbsuv slswv jKf, spJfsb
icvsNvf sn kxd isHfo jvsk ifsv bf. spJfsb mdrtfsj icvsNv
jfmlxd sKsj hV drIfpsk vfJf rq.
LDsv LDsv wqkfbD uDhb v rsk tfot. ifyfskAv fLDb uDhsb
iCBG Yfqf kfslv iv iVsk tfot. bfvD-slr dbsq hAhnf,
iadkspfdokf W ncJ-sHfsov njt zff W idk ys[ idvlwGb
jvsk tfot.
jdlb sn slsw shVfsk zfnfv iad k vi fmDv ns `doIXe'
q jvsk tsbv j hfufsv shv rt. Ocvsk Ocvsk t[A jvt
jde slfjfsb dH iajdx kv jde mdrtf djYc sjbfjfef jvsY. kfv
slr zfiflmj Tfjf. mbdj rfsk rfk-smfuf, ifsqW if-smfuf
isv zfsY sn.
mdrtfsj slsJ msb rt mfbD smO spb kfsj Yfqf j'sv zfsY. kfv
ytsb-htsb bmakf W Hkf vsqsY. mb dhvt mdrtfv zfyvsB spb
drlfqfskv zfstf dhYcdvk rsY.
nlD mdrtfdev spb ]w rfdvsq sot. kfv msbv dHksv zfuDh
jib v rt. Hfht, rqskf sn sjfb zfvhD mdrtf. zKhf zbfvhD
mcndtm mdrtf. rlsq kfv idvyq ufbfv zfoar nxd rt. dhlcAk-shso
kfv dbjehkGD rsq rkhfj lxdsk kfdjsq Kfjt. snW kfv dlsj
101 102 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
dbdbGsmN kfdjsq vt. sjfb zufbf j nijG spb Hqsj
jfYfjfdY j'sv dlt.
nlD mdrtfde jKfv nCifk j'sv htt, `zfnX-nftfmc zftfjcm
zvfrmfkcfdr zhfvfjfkcr.'
shfvjf-WqftD mdrtfde nclvkv HfNfq nftfsmv uhfh dlt.
htt, `zfidb dj sjfb zfvhD mdrtf?'
---bf.
---zfidb dj dhasesbv mdrtf?
---r]Af. zftrfmlc dtfr. zfdm W zfmfv fmD sYstsmsq dbsq
lc'hYv zfso ntfm oarB jsvdY. zfmfv bfm JflDuf. iChG bfm
jAfevDbf. zfmvf iafqsefb wrsvv hfdnlf. hkGmfsb zfmvf tsbv
hf{ndvj sndmbfsv spfo dlsk sndY. zfidb dj zfvhD mcndtm
mdrtf?
---r]Af. zfmfv hfdV ndlqfq.
---Wsrf! zfmfslv vnCstv slw. sn slw skf ilGfv slw. zfibfv
ilGf sjfKfq?
---zfidb dhasesb sKsj Hfsh ilGfv sifwfj jDHfsh hAhrfv
jvsYb?
---spHfsh zffr zfmfslvsj dbslGw dlsqsYb. zfypG sp, zfidb
zfnt mcndtm rsqW bjt slsw sn dbsuv zfntk rfdvsq
sIstsYb? zfidb mf-mlDbfv slswv mdrtf. sYfeshtf sKsj ntfmD
idvshsw mfbcN rsq ifyfskAv yjysj nHAkfq sL]fjf sJsqsYb?
zfmvf ufdb, sn idvshswv mCtA. zffrv wk iawQnf W jXv sp,
dkdb zfmfslvsj ntfsmv iadk iK-ialwGb jsvsYb hQ pfv Ist
iCshGv znHA W jlpG uDhb sKsj shv rsq zfnsk sisvdY. sn uDhb
sKsj mcdtfH jsvdY, sp uDhsb bfvDv sjfb mCtA sb. sp uDhsb bfvD
Jch nf sHfoiBA. ntfsm lDd[k rWqfv iv zfdm bfvDskv mpGflf
sisqdY, mfbhkfv zdLjfv sisqdY. Jch HftHfsh zbcHh jsvdY,
bfvDsj mpGflf dlsqsY ntfm. uDhsbv idhkf W idvYkf dwdJsqsY
ntfm. mdrtfv zfnt jmG W zhfb-s[ dwdJsqsY ntfm. fmD-
Dv idh hsbv mpGflf dwdJsqsY ntfm. dIsv pfb shfbde dbu
ilGfv dlsj. dIsv pfb dbu ntfmD idvshswv dlsj. dIsv pfb
 ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 103 104 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
zjfv Hchb sKsj zfstfjmq ixdKhDsk. dIsv pfb dbu mpGflfv idvswsN mdrtf fmDv jfsY dhudqbD rt. dIsv t dbu slsw,
dlsj. dIsv pfb dbu mfbD nQnfsvv dlsj. rfvfmfsbv slsw. dIsv t zjfv sKsj zfstfv ixdKhDsk. dIsv
lDOG islswv nfsK jcvzfsbv zfqfk W rflDnW bfsk tfot. t ilGf-icdwlfv uDhsb. dIsv t idhkf W nkDskv uDhsb. dIsv
sn shfvjf-WqftD spb mfsqv jfsY mfmfv hfdVv oi htdYt. dj sn t zfsqwf, rfInf, pqbfh, Ifskmf iamcJslv ilGfv idvshsw. dIsv
mfsqv jfsY sp dbu mfsqv hfdV dhmxk rsqdYt! t dbu mpGflfq, bfvDskv ohG W soZvsh. (zfbf drufhD })
idvswsN sn dhlfq dbt. pfhfv nmq nftfm slWqfv zfso hst sot, (dmnvD mdrtf) nCpD mfprfv hstb, `dhhfsrv iv zfmvf fmD-D
`zffrv jfsY zfibfv ubA kWIDj jfmbf jdv, zfidb spb dmst rAfdbmcsb iAfdvn sotfm. j (ucmzfq) wrsvv mndusl bfmfp
zfibfq ilGfq dIsv zfnsk ifsvb.' zflfsqv iv mndul sKsj shv rWqfv zfso mfKfv WVbf Jcst hAfso
y dwd[k mdrtf. kfv jKfv UsV rlq-hsb sfV nxd j'sv Hvtfm. kf slsJ j IvfnD pchkD hV zflshv nfsK zfmfsj htt,
sot. dj sn JuGvc hxs[v bAfq rkhfj l]fdVsq Kfjt. k{[Bf{ kfv `mfKfv jfiV Jcst sItstb sjb?'
lc y[c shsq zwav snafkLfvf hsk tfot. ilGfv slswv j smsqsj zfdm httfm, `spsrkc bfmfp swN j'sv sIstdY kf.'
bnDrk j'sv sot shilGf slswv j smsq! hV zfknmfsbvW sn htt, `zfidb dj ufsbb bf, ilGf nhGfhfq zffrv jcm?'
hAfifv dYt. sn smsq, sp kfv uDhb spZb-fLDbkfv iyf icjsc v sn nmq kfv nfsK zfmfv jKf htfv smfse Yf dYt bf. spsrkc
jycdvifbfv Icstv mskf jfdesqsY, sp iadkifdtk rsqsY Hcsqf nHAkf kJb zfdm rAfdbmcsb dYtfm. zfv zfmfv dbje psK DbD fbW dYt
W bjt nQxdkv ifdb W hfkfsn, sn kfsj dw[f dlt, sp ntfmD bf. dj sn zfmfsj YfVt bf. hV zflshv nfsK mndusl jec hnsk
nHAkfv Yfqfkst nclwGb softfivsi iadkifdtk rsqsY. sp sn htt. ndkA sn lfWqfskv jfsu ncl[ mdrtf dYt. hnfv iv sn
slsw mfbcN rsqsY, sp slsw ntfmD zfstf zfsY, nHAkfv ilGf zfsY, zfmfsj htt, `zfidb dj tf tfrf ffrv nf[A slb hQ rlsq
ntfmD uDhb-Lfvf zfsY, n{ jfsu zfslw W ml jfsu hfLf slWqfv kfv mfsb hcsUb?'
mskf dhswN zdIn W jmGyfvD zfsY. iaskAj ct-jstsu ntfmD zfdm httfm, `zhwA. zfdm jub mcndtm zfvhD mdrtf.'
dw[f slWqfv hAhf zfsY. spJfsb sYst W smsqslv ixKj ixKj ct- kJb sn jcvzfsbv zfqfk ifE jvt,
jstu zfsY. spJfsb shbfmfpD W shDb mdrtfvfW ilGf jsv. / ~ ,=534 N9 @ 1/6. { F ) D' =F % ;' ' ^D
' ' 9
, ' Q& % D % ) Z5{
' ' E# & ' ' # )
' , % W&
mdrtf hV tdkf W zbckf rt. zwa-nut bqsb hfnfq dIsv zKGf{, ht, `zfdm pdl zfmfv iadkiftsjv zhfLAkf jdv, ksh zfdm
sn fmDsj htt, ` Qsvu mdrtfef zfmfv syfJ Jcst dlsqsY. Hq jdv sp, mrf dlsbv wfd zfmfv iv zfidkk rsh. (zfbzfm }
zfmfv rfdvsq pfWqf syfsJv lxd dIdvsq dlsqsY. zfdm slsw dIsv 15, pcmfv } 13)
spsk yf. zfdm shfvjf ivsk yf.' zfdm yci Kfjtfm. sn zfhfv htt, `zhfLAfyvB sbqfmk LQn
fmD kfv jKf sb `srf-srf' j'sv rfnsk tfot. rfdn Kfdmsq rWqfv jfvB rsk ifsv. zfwf jdv zfmfv jKfef sHsh slJshb.'
htt, `W skf jef snsjst smsq. Wv jKfq kcdm ost sost?' kfviv sn zfmfv rfsk rfk dmdtsq mcnfIfrf jvt. zfdm kfsj
D htt, `zfdm ost pfqdb. zfdm Jb w rsqdY. ost skf LbAhfl ufdbsq mndul sKsj shv rsq sotfm. zk}iv uDhsbv
skfmfv jKfsk dosqdYtfm. kcdm mb fmD pfv msLA sjfb iaKmhfsvv mskf hV Hfhbfq iVtfm zfdm.
zfkmpGflfshfL W NGf sb. iv-icvNsjW Dv vsiv zQwD jv. zfdm hV zhfj rtfm. IvfnD mdrtf mb spZb-fLDbkfv ifimq
kcdm zspfoA fmD. kcdm rq zfmfsj slsw ifEfW, bsy{ kftfj idvshsw sKsjW ntfsmv Jhv vfsJ, ilGf smsb yst. zKy zfdm
lfW!!!' ntfmD idvshsw sKsj kf ifdv bf!
 ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 105
zk}iv vfs srfsestv bo idvshsw zfmfv fmD kfv n dlsk
htt. dj zLGbo pchj-pchkDslv zhfL smtfdmwfv sbfQvf idvshw
zfmfsj zdk j'sv kctt. zfdm kfv nfmsb sj]sl sIttfm. sn
jfvB dufnf jvst zfdm nh jKf Jcst httfm. sn zfv zfmfsj
sufv jvt bf.
hfvhfv IvfnD pchkDv dde zfmfv jBGjrc sv icbvfhx rsk
tfot, `zhfLAfyvB sbqfmk LQn rWqfv jfvB rsk ifsv.'
zfmfv nhsysq hV sbqfmk zfmfv ncfA W vi-tfhBA. kf pdl
yst pfq? zfmfv lflDufb iAfvftfdnsnv svfoD dYstb. pdl zfdmW
kf r?
nckvfQ ntfmD h-icj
iVfswfbf jvsk v jvtfm. j nmq
mrfb zffr zfmfslv Hqsj idhkfv iK ialwGb jvstb. (zft-
drufh zt-jdkzfh 25-26ix} nQs[dik)
mcndtm mdrtfvf svfdiqfb mdrtfslv zbcjvB jvsk sisv ohG
zbcHh jsv. kfslv mskf sJftfsmtf sifwfj isv dbsuslvsj `H-
mdrtf' nfufq. kfslv mskf zLGbo rsq `zfstfjiaff' nfsu. dj
snef sp Hct, kf snJfbjfv h fbD mdrtf hcUsk sisvsY. hcUsk
ifvsY bf zfmfslv mcndtm idvshswv rkHfoA mdrtfvf.
mrfbhD -v HdhNAlXhfBD dYt, zhwA skfmvf skfmfslv
iChGhkGD ufdkv iK zbcnvB jvsh dhOk-dhOk hQ rfk-rfk (nm)
idvmfB. mbdj kfvf pdl sof-nfsiv (nff)v oskG iashw jsv,
kfrst skfmvfW kfslv diYsb diYsb pfsh. (hQ kfslv sj pdl
vffv iv iajfswA nm jsv, kfrst skfmvfW kf jvsh!)
nfrfhfoB htstb, `sr zffrv vnCt! zfidb dj qfl W bfnfvfv
zbcjvB jvfv jKf htsYb?' dkdb htstb, ksh zfhfv jfv?
(hcJfvD, mcndtm 2669, rfsjm, zfrmfl, nrDt ufsm' 5067 bQ)
dkdb zfsvf hstsYb, iChGhkGD ufdkv njt zfyvB mk
oarB j'sv sbsh. (nrDt ufsm' 7219 bQ)
ufdkv pchj-pchkD pfslv zbcjvB j'sv ufsk Esk yfsY,
kfslv fbDvf sn ntfsmv dlsj iakAfhkGb jvsk yfsY, pf kfvf
dbsuslv slsw hV nrsu sb W susb Kfsj. khcW dj kfslv ncmdk
rsh bf?
106 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
iv-icvsNv nfsK dbuGbhfn
ilGfq sofisb KfjstW spJfsb zfv sj sb, snJfsb mdrtfv sjfb
icvsNv nfsK jfs zhfb jvf hL bq. sjfb isK hf ifsjG, sjfb
vsm hf ofdVsk, sjfb nfh-Wsq, dn]dV hf dtIXse, zfsvf sp sjfb fsb
ofqv mfrvfm bfvD-icvsNv dbuGbhfn zdk nfmfbA [sBv ubA rstW
hV dhibj.
vfnCtcfr hstsYb, mfrvfsmv iddk YfVf sjfb icvN spb
sjfb mdrtfv nfsK dbuGbhfn bf jsv. (hcJfvD W mcndtm)
dkdb zfsvf hstb, skfmvf mb mdrtfslv dbje omb jsvf bf,
pfslv fmD hkGmfsb idk sb. jfvB wqkfb skfmfslv iaskAsjv
v-dwvfq iahfdrk rq. (dkvdmpD, hsb mfufr 1779, nrDr dkvdmpD 935bQ)
dkdb zfsvf hstb, pJb sjfb icvN sjfb mdrtfv nfsK dbuGbkf
zhtb jsv, kJb wqkfb kfslv kxkDq nfKD (sjfebf) rq.
(dkvdmpD, nrDr dkvdmpD 934bQ)
nfrfhD hstb, zffrv bhD zfmfslvsj dbsNL jsvsYb sp,
zfmvf spb mdrtfslv dbje kfslv fmDslv dhbf zbcmdksk omb bf
jdv. (nrDr dkvdmpD 2230bQ)
jlf vfnCtcfr htstb, skfmvf (shofbf) bfvDslv dbje
(jfjD) pfWqf sKsj dhvk Kfj. ( jKf sb) uSbj zfbnfvD
dbshlb jvt, `fmDv zfkDq nisjG zfibfv zdHmk jD?' dkdb
htstb, fmDv zfkDq skf mckcAnm (dhibj). (hcJfvD 5232,
mcndtm 2172, dkvdmpD 1171 bQ)
fmDv hfdVsk fmDv zfkDq htsk sn njt icvN, pfslv nfsK
sjfbW jfst mdrtfv dhhfr hL. (spmb fmDv Hf, Hfsif, yfyf
iaHdx k.) zfv kfslv msLA nhsysq jfsYv rt fmDv sYfe Hf.
fmDv hV Hfsj idvshsw `Hfncv' hst waf jvstW kfv nfsK
dbuGbkf zhtb hL bq, sn zffrv ztD rstW bq.
zfv sYfe Hfsj skf dhufdkv idvshw sB `slWv' hf `slhv'
htf rq. pfv zKG rt dkDq hv. kfv mfsb fmD rt iaKm hv hQ
kfv sYfe Hf rt dkDq hv zKhf bfsqh hv! zfv sn ubA HfhD-
slWsv sp zfyvB yst, kf nkA fmDv nfsK zfyvsBv jfYfjfdY.
bfpc dhfdr dmb pfdtj. zKy mcndtm mdrtfv `hv' jef. kfv
sj `slhv' rsk ifsv bf.
 ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 107
v dhivDk rt mdrtfv dbsuv hfdVsk kfv slftfHf hf hcbf.
wftDW Dv dhji zKhf dkDq D hf `slh'. kfv j bfm jfs mB hL bq, jcvzfb dw[f dlsk zKhf mvfr zflfq
`sjdtjcdjf'. sjdt mfsb siamsJtf. zfv jcdjf mfsb yfdh.
idvshsw wftD rt siamsjdtv yfdh. h skf zfsY, wftD `If' zfv
jD? ubA mb idvshsw iahfl iaydtk zfsY,
`hfofsb jJsbf sIfse bf Ict pdl bf Kfsj mftD,
dhsqv zfnsv hstf bf jhct pdl bf Kfsj wftD.'
iahfldesj HfshW htf pfq,
`hfofsb jJsbf sIfse bf Ict pdl bf Kfsj mftD,
dhsqv hfnsv usm bf muf pdl bf Kfsj wftD.'
ubA wftDv nfsK Hfh usm Hft. ubA zsbsjv `hfsiv shde
mcVdj ifq bf smff wftDv ifsk, nsrflsvv mcJ slsJ bf nJA wftfv
nfsK!'
zsbj nmq fmD susbsb Dsj dbsuv Hfsqv nfsK rlAkfv
ncspfo slq hQ DW susbsb fmDsj dbsuv shfsbv nfsK rlAkfv
ncspfo slq. Ist dbsuv mfKfq r]fdV Hfs Hsq. shilGf idvshsw
`slWv W wftD' Odek h lcOGebf nmfsu yfif Kfsj. zsbj nmq wfj
dlsq mfY sTsj vfJsk ifvf pfq bf. dj kf slsJsbW mcndtmvf
islw oarB jsv bf.
rflDsn sjb htf rt, fmDv zfkDq skf mckAc nm?
spsrkc sn mxkAc v mskf dhibj. zdkdv sHfsesuv jfsveX
rst kfv J]cdesk () mxkAc dyr zdk Kfsj. kfv mfsb nfhLfb! v
jfsY pfsh bf zKhf sj iwG jvsh bf, bsy{ skfmfv mxkAc zdbhfpG!
bkchf kfv zKG sp, mfbcN spmb zbAfbA dhislv kctbfq mxkAc sj
nhsysq shdw Hq jsv, skmdb fmDv Hfsj zbAfbA icvNslv kctbfq
shdw Hq jvf dyk.
bkchf kfv zKG sp, mxkAc v rfk sKsj spmb h]fyfv ifq sb,
skmdb HfhD-slWsvv dIkbf sKsj h]fyfv sjfb ifq sb. HfhD-slWv
j hfdVsk dbuGbkf zhtb jvst dhil lclGm mxkAc v mskf sn
idk rsh.
bkchf kfv zKG sp, mdrtfv mxkAc hvB jvf Hft, khcW fmDv
shofbf sjfb zfkDqv nfsK dbuGbkf zhtb jvf Hft bq.
108 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
iajfw Kfsj sp, hfoXl hf HfhD fmDv nfsKW siamftfi, dbuGbhfn hf
jvskW bq.
zfv mfrvfm pdl bfhftj rq, kfrst kfsk Hsqv dbuGbkf jfse
bf. jfvB kfv Kfjf-bf Kfjfq lcOGebfq sjfb iaHfh isV bf.
hV lc}sJv dhNq sp, ifyfkA-sONf h idvhfsv kfslv sYst-
smsqslvsj hcskv ncspfo slWqf rq. nckvfQ sYst Yf W
iYlmskf `pchkD' hc hQ smsq Yf W iYlmskf `pchj' hc oarB
jsv hQ zfsifsn dbuGb hfn W mB jsv. iafsHe mfefsvv nfsK
dbuGbkf zhtsbv ncspfo slWqf rq. msb-Lvf sYstv nfsK smsqsj
idvjdik msB ifEfsbf rq. zsbsj svfmfdej fb ifjG W blD hf
nmc-njsk dbuGsb msB hf hbsHfusb pfq, zsbj siadmj-siadmjf
jfs msB snJfsb pfq, spJfsb sost kfvf LfvBf jsv sp, siam ifjf
W zdbhGfB rq. zdHHfhj syfJ-jfb jsv bf zKhf susbsbW djYc
hst bf.
rt `Ose skf Ose pfj, ise skf ise pfj'-v bDdk, bfdj
iaodkv nHA bDdk! zKy mb zfyvB iaodk bq, hvQ sbrfk lcoGdk.
zhfL smtfsmwfv jcIt
mrfbhD hstb, mfrvfm YfVf sjfb icvN spb sjfb mdrtfv nfsK
dbuGbkf zhtb bf jsv hQ mfrvfm YfVf spb sjfb mdrtf
jfdjbD nIv bf jsv. j hAd htt, `sr zffrv vnCt! zfmfv
D (jfdjbD) r jvsk shv rsqsY. zfv zfdm zmcj zmcj pcsv
ubA bfm dtdJsq sIstdY. (Jb zfdm jD jvsk ifdv?)' dkdb
htstb, kcdm dIsv pfW hQ skfmfv Dv nfsK r jv. (hcJfvD
3006, mcndtm 1341bQ)
bhD hstsYb, sp bfvD oxr, fmDoxr hf mfsqv hfdV YfVf zbA
fsb dbsuv ilGf vfsJ (jfiV sJfst), zffr kfv ilGf W
tfwDtkfsj dhlDBG j'sv slb. (zKhf sn dbsu jsv slq.) (n}
ufsm' 2708bQ)
bhD hstsYb, sp mdrtf dbsuv fmDoxr YfVf zbA oxsr dbsuv
jfiV sJfst, sn zffr zfpXpf zuf W kfv dbsuv mfsU ilGf dhlDBG
j'sv sIst. (n} ufsm' 2710bQ)
 ilGfv dhLfb -----------------------------
sp hAd zffrsk W ivjfst dhhfn vfsJ, sn spb kfv Dsj
nfLfvB rfmfsm (sofntJfbfq) spsk bf slq. (zfrmfl, rfsjm, dkvdmpD, bfnf)
sm lfvlf (vfdpqff zfbrf) rsk hdBGk, dkdb hstb, jlf
zfdm nfLfvB sofntJfbf rsk shv rtfm. kAhnsv bhD -v nfsK
zfmfv nf[f{ rst dkdb zfmfsj htstb, sjfssj, sr sm
lfvlf?! zfdm httfm, `sofntJfbf sKsj.' dkdb htstb, sn
nfv wiK; p]fv rfsk zfmfv iafB zfsY! sp sjfbW mdrtf kfv sjfb
mfsqv Ov YfVf zbA fsb dbsuv jfiV sJfst, sn kfv W lqfmq
(zffrv) mfsU iaskAj ilGf dhlDBG jsv sIst. (zfrmfl, kfhfvfbDv
jfhDv, nrDr kfvoDh 162bQ)
ipGc rflDnnmCsr t[A jvf spsk ifsv sp, spJfsb bfvD-icvsN
smtfdmwf rWqfv zfwf zfsY, snJfsb mdrtf spsk ifsv bf. mb
ufqof sjfKfW pfWqf uvvD rst ns pfsh kfv fmD zKhf sjfb
mfrvfm icvN. zhwA sifwfj Jcst vfJf hf idvhkGsbv hAfifvef zfsvf
vkv. kfsk sn zffrv svfsNv dwjfv rq.
t[BDq sp, mdrtf nfLfvB rfmfm hf icjvc , blD hf nmc-Ofse sofnt
jvskW ifsv bf. jfvB pk sn dbsuv slrsj sofib jvfv syf
jvj, iv-icvsNv lxdsk iajfw sisq pfWqf fHfdhj.
klbcvi hfsn-sesb, rfse-hfufsv, rfnifkfst-zdIsn, jfvJfbf hQ
bfbf jmGs[s icvNslv nfsK ifwfifdw hsn jfu jvf hL bq. hL bq
ifwfifdw hsn ct-jstsu iVfswfbf jvf. ilGfq zfifl-mj nfvf slr
zfhxk KfjstW ifwfifdw zhfb W jKfhfkGfv Ist msbv zfdbf Jcst
pfq. zfv kfv Ist pf Ose, kfv ubA zShLkf.
sbe W smfhfstv pcso kvB-kvBDv zhfL dmtfsmwf yst.
idvysqv iv rlq-dhdbmq rq. kvBDslv jfdLj smfhft Kfsj.
siadmsjv dbje sKsj smfhft `doIXe' ifq. `hAfstnX' irfv zfsn.
dhbf iqnfq jKf hst zlxwA W lCsv sKsjW `siam-dhdbmq' rq.
zfsbv iajdx k sp, ifsw pf ifq, kf ufdtsq slq. zfsbv
ifsw smfm ost pfq. oAfn hf siet ust zfsvf kkfv nfsK.
pchj-pchkDv W spZhsbv iajdx k sp, iaBqfjf[fq mb msu, iafB
dHsu. h]fL bf Kfjst hbAf zfsn. Hsqv zfjNGsB mb ust WsE, iafB
ust WsE. hfLf bf Kfjst nh icsV Yf rsq pfq.
mfbcsNv iajdx k sp, nfmsb sk]kt
c Octsk slJst zKhf sthc jfesk
109 110 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
slJst dusH ifdb zfsn. zfstf yft slJst sH]Vfv mcJ yctjfq. pchkDv
vi slJst pchsjv msb iajdx kok zfjNGB nxd rq. msb spZb-hfnbf
ufso, siasmv jfmbf-hDu zcdvk rq. hfvhfv jfsY st kf dnb ifq.
zk}iv LDsv LDsv kf Fft-iftf, ifkf-Ict-Ist ncswfdHk rq. zShL
iaBsqv h]fdwv ncv hAdHyfsvv isK zfnsk zfrhfb jsv. kf mdrtfslv
jmGs[ icvNslv jmGs[ sKsj ixKj rWqf Wqfsuh. djswfvD-
kvBDslv dw[fs[ djswfv-kvB sKsj ixKj rWqf uvvD. bsy{ kf-
rsk hfLA, pf rsY ifyfskAv slwdtsk.
snJfsb kvB-kvBDv zhfL smtfdmwfv Ist bdkjkfv iafnfl
sHs ycvmfv rsq sosY. zfJtfj-ydvsv sjfb zflwG snJfsb
zhdw sb. spZb-fLDbkfv lclGm kcIfb snJfsb nydvkfv dhict
dhbfw nfLb jsvsY. snJfsb zShL siasm sjfb tcsjfycdv sb, sjfb
tfu-tf sb. vubslv nfmsbW sn znHA zfyvsB sjfb slfN
sb. jfvB snef kfslv nHAkf.
pfv Ist zsbj lfiskA ncJ sb, zsbj lfiskA hL hb
sb. dikfv idvyqrDb nfsbv nQJAf jm bq. jcmfvD mfsqv
nQJAfW boBA bq.
kfvf spZb-fLDbkfq hfLf slq bf, kfvf cst spZb-dw[f dlsq
hAdHyfsv c jsv. kfvf hAdHyfsv hfLf slq bf, kfvf oHGLfvsB hfLf
slq, B rkAf jsv. ydvrDb nmfsuv dbkAjfv nQnfv ncsJv bq.
tfofmrDb idvshswv spZK-idvhfv wfdv bq. spJfsb dikfmfkfv
mpGflf sb, fmDvW jlv sb. DW pKfKG mpGflf ifq bf. nhf spb
tfofm-YfVf, h]fLb-rfvf. sj jfsvf mb vfsJ bf, sj jfsvf hfLf mfsb
bf---v bfm `fLDbkf'.
bfvD-slr snJfsb nf sHfoiBA. bfvD snJfsb icvsNv nfsKv nfKD.
fmDv zdLjfv zfsY jfdLj oftGsI oarB jvfv hQ DvW
zdLjfv zfsY jfdLj hqsI oarB jvfv. fmD jfsvf jfsY vfdhfn
jvst Dv jdIqk sbWqfv zdLjfv sb. D jfsvf nfsK vfk jfefst
fmDvW hfLf slWqfv zdLjfv sb. v bfm fLDbkf.
dw[f-iadkfsb hf jmGs[s ifwfifdw zhfb j'sv zKhf zhfL
dmtfsmwf j'sv bfvD-icvsNv hck osV WsE. sn dj zfv dbjfm
Kfsj? pchj-pchkDv dbjfm hck dj sjfb fbD dhwfn jvsk ifsv?
jde stfj diifnfq jfkv rst kfsj pdl dydb sJsk slWqf rq,
 ilGfv dhLfb -----------------------------
kfrst dj diifnf zfsvf hLGb jvsh bf? jde pchkDv msb fmD
ifWqfv diifnf Kfjst kfsj pdl j hf jfdLj pchj hc slWqf rq
hQ jde pchsjv msb D ifWqfv jfmbf Kfjst kfsj pdl j hf
jfdLj pchkD hc slWqf rq, kfrst diifnf W jfmbfv mff dj
zfsvf hxd ifsh bf?
ntfm bfvDsj mpGflf dlsqsY, kfv k-nmfsbv drIfpk
jsvsY. mcndtmslv ydvsj k jsvsY. sn idvshswv smsqvf
dhufdkv sbfQvf idvshswv smsqslv zfbcjvB jvsk ifsv bf.
ntfsmv nHAkf ixdKhDv nhsysq hV nHAkf. zfv ifyfskAv
nHAkf kfslv LmGDq nHAkfW bq.
nmfsu djYc mdrtf zfsY, pfvf nkA dbpGfdkkf. pfslv pfstm fmDvf
kfslv rj zflfq jsvdb. pfvf iB W spZkcsjv lfsq wv-hfdVsk
iduwb ifqdb. pfslv ifuGb j'sv JfWqfhfv mskf sj sb. pfvf
ncJD nQnfv-vfsuA vfbD rWqfv ncspfo sKsj hdk rsqsY. kfvf
kfslv zdLjfv sisk snfyfv rq. kfvf yfjdv jvsk yfq. kfvf
icvNslv ifwfifdw nmfb zdLjfv tfsHv lfhD ufbfq.
sp nmfsu mb znrfq bfvDslv sjfb nchAhf sb, sp vfsuA mb
hdkslv zdLjfv dIdvsq slWqfv mskf sjfb ndEj ifq-ijvB
sb, sp slsw nrfq-ntrDbslv iadk bAfqfbco sjfb hAhf sb, sn
nmfu, vfuA W slsw bfvD-fLDbkfv lfhD skf fib rsh. icvsNv
nmfb zdLjfv ifWqfv spfoAkf skf iamfB jvsh. kfndtmfslv mskf
dk zdHkfv zdH stdJjfslv dhN-jtm skf dhsNflXofv jvsh.
bfifj zhfq j rfsk jcvzfb, zbA rfsk jtm hQ mcsJ dnofsve
dbsq ntfsmv dhvs stJfv dbtG Lxkf skf ialwGb jvsh.
i[fsv kfslvsj kfslv zdLjfv sKsj hdk jvfv zdHspfso
`ntfm' zdHpc bq. zdHpc nmfsuv nmfu-hAhf. ntfmD Hfsv uq j'sv mdrtfv sjfb ohG sb, ufrfsuv bfdhj rsq
nmfu-hAhfq sjfb pctcm sb. pctcm Kfjsk ifsv hAhfijslv msLA.
zhwA pdl kfslv zdLjfv htsk zLG wvDv bo vfJf W l]fdVsq siwfh
jvf rq, kfrst ntfsmv slfN htsk rsh. jfvB kfndtmf zLG wvDv
Jcst vfJst nftmfb vwlDv tfH, kfsk ntfsmv sjfb tfH sb,
stfHW sb.
ntfm bfvDsj hdkf jvsk yfq bf. ntfm bfvDsj mfsqv mpGflf
kKf hfi sKsj dkb B shdw mpGflf lfb jsv. ntfm bfvDv drIfpk
111 112 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
jsv. dj
`sofhcsv sifjf dj Kfsj lcsLsk jJb?
W sofhv Hft Jntk spmb.'
kfsk jfv jD htfv Kfjsk ifsv?
bfbf ifslq JfslA ncndk srfsest hfn jvsk dlsq [cLfkGsj
`sJsqf bf' htst dj mfbsh?
ncsiq utfLfsvv ifsw hfn jvsk dlsq diifnfkGsj `ifb jsvf bf'
htst dj hfLf mfbsh?
ndifskv svfoDv nfmsb ifdb svsJ dj ifsb hfLf slWqf pfsh?
mcsJ yst zfnf rf dj sj hfLf dlsk ifvsh?
bfsj yst zfnf r]fdy dj sj svfL jvsk ifvsh?
mfbshv iajdx k ef. mb hV ml-iahB. iadkiftj vrm jvst dH
jKf. zfv wqkfb pchj-pchkDv msb jfmbf nxub jsv, dbdk hfnbf-
slhDsj ufoak jsv.
bfvDhflD icvNslv jk lqf bfvDslv iadk? mfY msvsY dhVft j]fsl
wf js hsj, hAfsMv swfsj n]fkfv ifdb sldJ nfsiv syfsJ!
bfvDslvsj icvNslv yfjdv dlsq hV ijfv jsvsY. zbA dlsj
kfslv hfi-Hf-sYstsj sn yfjdv sKsj hdk jsvsY. zsbj
fmD-D Hsq yfjdv jsv. zsbsjv bfvD-icvN sj yfjdv ifq bf.
zsbsjv bfvD YfVf sjfb icvN ifuGbwDt sb, kfslv sjfb bfvD
yfjdv ifq bf. kfrst bnfI sjfKfq?
dj ntfm W ilGfq sn hAhf zfsY. mdrtf mdrtf-mrst yfjdv
jvsk ifsv. mdrtf Jfn iadkfsb Fsve jvsk ifsv, Fffv W
hfdbj rsk ifsv. zsbj mcndtm slsw kfv hAhf zfsY.
hfjD Kfjt, mdrtfv ifte rsq sjfb ohG sb ntfsm. mfe
mdrtfv sjfb ohG sb. zhwA zKG-nsq ohG zfsY. ksh kf rsk rsh
bfvDk, nkDk W Dblfdvk hufq svsJ.
zfv icvN-mrst yfjdvsk zdLjfQw mdrtfv dksbv sjfbef sp
zhdw Kfsj bf, sn jKf zdH W HcsHfoDvf ufsb.
klXnsW sp mcndtm mdrtf bfvD-lvlD (zfnst bfvDslr-siamD)
icvNslv `iaodk, bfvD-fLDbkf, bfvD-zdLjfv, mfbhfdLjfv' iaHdx kv
dyfjNGD zfrhfb sb njt mqlfsb icvsNv nmfb zdLjfv lfhD jvsk
 ilGfv dhLfb -----------------------------
yfq, sn zfnst wvDqskv lxdsk jfdLj dbsNLffq idkk rq }-
1. sn zffr W k]fv vnCstv jfsY zdHw rq. spsrkc zffrv
vnCt bfvDv shw LfvBjfvD icvNslvsj hQ icvsNv shw LfvBjfvD
mdrtfslvsj zdHwfi jsvsYb.
zbA hBGbfq zfsY, zffrv vnCt mdrtfslv nflxwA zhtbjfvD
icvNslvsj hQ icvNslv nflxwA zhtbjfvD mdrtfslvsj zdHwfi
jsvsYb. (hcJfvD)
2. icvN-mrst yfjdvv Ist kfv bfvDk W mpGflfv tfwDtkf
dhb rsq pfq. zKy tf mfsbv jde wfJf.
3. icvNslv mfsU zhfsbv Ist sn kfv slr-snZlpGsj icvN-
syfsJv jfmlxdv t[Ah hfbfq. icvNvf dhbf iqnfq W dhbf zdLjfsv
lwGb-kxd tfH jsv. `iaodk' bfmj dY iK dlsq sn lcoGdkv
zjfvfY sbfQvf odtsk dosq si]ZsY.
4. sp bfvD fLDb W ncv[f-shdk mcfnlxw nQnfsvv vfbD dYt, sn
bfvD hfdVv hfsv dosq icvN-mrst yfjdv j'sv yfjvfbD rsq pfq.
5. nfb-iadkiftb W kvdhqsk de rq. nfb mfsqv idviCBG
snr sKsj hdk Kfsj. zsbj nmq zspfoA iftdqDv rfsk isV
nfsbv zfjDlf W zfmt dhosV pfq.
pfv Ist ntfm bfvDv jmG icvN-mrst rfvfm sOfNBf jsv.
sJA sp, mfv mfndulct rfvfsmv bfvD-icvsNv dHV dj
nfmdqjHfsh ilGfv nfsK bfmfspv ubA rsq Kfsj. ncod hAhrfv bf
j'sv ilGfv nfsK mndusl bfmfp zflfq jvfv kctbfW icvN-mrst
yfjdv jvfv nfsK rq bf.
mndusl bfmfp iVfv zbcmdk zfsY mdrtfv, mrfbhD -v pcso
mdrtfvf j mndusl bfmfp iVk. khcW htf rsqsY,
icvNslv jfkfsvv msLA nshGfm jfkfv rt iaKm jfkfv, zfv
dbjxkm jfkfv rt swN jfkfv. zfv mdrtfslv nshGfm jfkfv rt
diYsbv (swN) jfkfv hQ dbjxkm jfkfv rt iaKm jfkfv.
(mcndtm)
zffrv hflDslvsj mndusl zfnsk hfvB jsvf bf, pdlW
kfslv Ov kfslv ubA m. (zfrmfl, zfhC lfl 567, rfsjm, n} ufsm' 7458bQ)
zdHHfhsjv jkGhA
113 114 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
ilGfv dhLfb mfbsh mdrtf. dhLfb Ivp jvf rsqsY kfv iv.
dj kfv zdHHfhsjv iv Ivp jvf rsqsY zdHHfhjskv lfdqk.
kfv kfhLfsb njt mdrtf pfsk ilGf jsv, sn hAhf jvsk rsh
kfsj. spsrkc mrfb zffr hstsYb,
& ' ' )% ' |5<(
5< ' % ' D' N95<d & f 5< ' & W& ' 95<3 ) )
+ ' % A& < % ' ' % A& ' <y3& ' <W& &f ' ] ' ;^ ( 5' G ' 5;'
) $ ' t) eA$' ) ''
' % ' ' % & ' ' ' 5 ' ' E' ;
; : 1v. {E' & ' g;% & 5 ' E' & y; & % ' J' $ ' j
zKGf{, sr mfblfvoB! skfmvf dbsuslvsj hQ skfmfslv idvhfv-
idvubsj v[f jv zdo rsk, pfv b rsh mfbcN W ifKv, pfsk
dbsqfduk zfsY dbmGm-rlq, jsEfv-Hfh dIdvfoB, pfvf zffr pf
kfslvsj zfslw jsvb, kf zmfbA jsv bf hQ kfvf pf jvsk zfdl
rq, kf jsv. (kfrvDm } 6)
zfv mrfbhD hstsYb, iadkde mfbcN lfdqkwDt. nckvfQ
iaskAsj zhwA kfv zLDbslv lfdqkwDtkfv dhNsq dufdnk
rsh. slswv wfnj ubosBv lfdqkwDt. sn kfv lfdqkwDtkfv
hAfifsv uhfhdlrD jvsh. jub icvN kfv idvhfsvv lfdqkwDt.
zkh sn kfv lfdqkwDtkfv dhNsq dufdnk rsh. D kfv fmD W
nfsbv lfdqkwDt. jfsu sn kfv lfdqkwDtkfv dhNsq dufdnkf
rsh. skfmvf iaskAsj lfdqkwDt. zkh iaskAsj dbu dbu
zLDbsv lfdqkwDtkfv hAfifsv dufdnk rsh. (hcJfvD W mcndtm)
smsqslv msb Kfsj iajdx kokHfsh tfwDtkf, kfv mb yfq
dbsusj sofib vfJsk. dj sn iajdx ksj zsbjfQsw icvN b j'sv
slq. zsbj icvsNv jfvsB kfv idvhfsvv mdrtfvf shilGf rq.
icvsNv mb sKsj pJb mdrtfv hAfifsv NGf W zfkmpGflfshfsLv
zbcHCdk b rsq pfq, kJb kfv D-jbAf shilGf rq. kfv smZb-
nmdksm hfdVv smsqvf wvqD ilGf dY]sV dedH W dnsbmfv ilGfv jfsY
dw[f sbq. kfv zfmfbsk dJqfbk jvfv Ist sn hfdVv smsqslv
ydv dTtf rsq pfq. LDsv LDsv sn rsq WsE `lfqcn' hf `smVf' icvN.
zfv mrfbhD hstb, dkb hAdv iadk zffr djqfmskv dlb
kfdjsq slJshb bf; dikf-mfkfv zhfLA nfb, icvNshdwbD hf icvsNv
nflxwA zhtbjfdvBD mdrtf hQ lfqCn (smVf) icvN; (sp kfv D,
jbAf W shfsbv ydvrDbkf W sbfQvfdmsk yci Kfsj hQ hfLf slq bf.)
(zfrmfl, bfnf, nrDt ufsm' 3071bQ)
 ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 115 116 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
dkdb zfsvf hstsYb, dkb hAd shsrs pfsh bf; dikf-mfkfv
zhfLA sYst, smVf icvN (sp kfv D-jbAfv zwDtkfq nmk Kfsj)
hQ icvsNv shwLfdvBD mdrtf. (bfnf, rfsjm 1/72, hfppfv, nrDt
ufsm' 3063bQ)
ncicvN mb rq bf sp, sn hfdVsk hf ofdVsk hsn Kfjsh. zfv kfv
hfdVv mdrtfsj hfufv jvsk ifEfsh. `dmbsnv sjfst sYst dlsq, mfoD
pfq hfufsv sLsq.'
ncicvN `o]fVt' rq bf. jfvB, `dmbsn o]fVt, mfoD smfVt' rq.
ncicvN kfv D-jbAfsj sjfb shofbf icvsNv nfsK zhfL dmtfsmwf
hf dbuGbkf zhtb jvfv ncspfo slq bf. slhsvv `slh' hfbfq bf.
hcbfsqv nfsK jf YfsV bf. `slftfdmRf'v `slftfdhdh' hfbfq bf.
nrifED hf oxrdw[sjv nfsK dbuGbkf zhtsbv ncspfo slq bf.
dhhfr-iafh ifjf rst hsvv nfsK zfv jfsj ifD slJsk zbcmdk
slq bf.
icvN idvhfsvv lfdqkwDt wfnj. sn kfv lfdqkwDtkfv zfmfbsk
dJqfbk jvsk ifsv bf. vfnCtc fr hstb, sjfb hflfsj zffr
sjfb iaufv iv wfnj hfbfst, spdlb sn mvsh sndlb pdl sn iaufv
iadk sL]fjfhfdu j'sv msv, kfrst zffr kfv iadk uffk rfvfm
j'sv slshb. (hcJfvD W mcndtm)
nckvfQ ilGfv dhLfb pdl icvN kfv dbsuv idvhfv vfsuA hrft bf
jsv hQ kfv Ist pdl kfv idvhfsvv mdrtfvf shilGf rsq msv,
kfrst kfv uhfhdldr kfsj jvsk rsh. `i]fsjv so]fu' rst mrfb
zffr kfsj YfVshb bf. isev `dhdhv softfm' rsq zffrv softfdm
YfVst kfv idvBfm rsh lcdbqfsk tfbf W zfsJvfsk ufrffm.
zffr mcndtm ufdkv bfvD-icvN nhfsj ncmdk dlb. zfmDb.
r i ] CD , B 5f i3 CD C

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