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ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 1 2 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb

„mfb
äDsb ƒntfm zfj¶Dlf-dhw¶fn, ƒhflk W n¤ydvÛkfv bfm. pdlW
„mfb mfsb dhw¶fn, khcW zfmt YfVf kf idviCBG bq. htf hfùtA,

 „mfb} z§Àsv dhw¶fn, mcsJ öDjfv ˆhQ jfspG idvBk---ˆƒ dkbde


jfsuv nmdóv bfm. ˆjde sYsV zbAde sjfb jfsu slsh bf.
„mfb icBAjfsu hxdÝ ˆhQ ifijfsu rafn ifq.
 „mfsbv v¢jXb (J]cde) Yqde }-
1. zfïfrv iadk „mfb.
2. dIdvwXkfnmCsrv iadk „mfb.
3. zhkDBG djkfhnmCsrv iadk „mfb.
4. siadvk bhD W vnCtnmCsrv iadk „mfb.
5. (mxkcAv iv zfv ˆj uDhb) ivjfstv iadk „mfb.
6. zfïfrv dtdJk kjlDv W HfsoAv Hfstf-ms¦lv iadk „mfb.

j¶cvzfb W rflDn sKsj „mfsbv


v¢jXbnmCsrv iamfB
mrfb zfïfr hstb,
hfQtfv dmwb-sjfnG  ْ ‫ قو א ْ   و  
א‬
  ْ ‫    א‬
  ‫" א ْ ! ن  אْ و‬# $ }
(Nô swaBD) E١٧٧F{'
#( ) ‫ *و א‬+
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icbdhGbAfn  :;‫א‬:<=
zfèct rfmDl mflfbD zKGf{, iChG ˆhQ idÇym dlsj skfmfslv mcJ sIvfsbfsk sjfb icBA
sbƒ; dj§Â icBA zfsY zfïfr, ivjft, dIdvñfoB, nm²À djkfh ˆhQ
bhDoBsj dhÇhfn jvstāāāā. (hfj¶fvfr } 177)
 ;‫א‬:<=E٤٩F{<ٍ ? ; 5 @* );ْ 4 /
ABC
D
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zKGf{, dbÇyq zfdm iaskAj h²Âsj nxdó jsvdY dbLGfdvk idvmfsi.
(j¶fmfv } 49)
…mfv ƒhsb JfÙ¶fh  hstb, zfmvf ˆjdlb vfnCtcïfr -ˆv dbjse
hsn dYtfm. rEf{ ˆjde stfj zfmfslv jfsY ˆt. kfv ivsb LhLsh nflf
jfiV ˆhQ kfv yct jcyjcsy jft dYt. (hfrAk}) nIsvv sjfb dyrÁ kfv
…iv slJf pfd¤Yt bf ˆhQ zfmfslv msLA sj… kfsj dybdYt bf. swN
ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 3 4 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
ipG§À sn bhD -ˆv jfsY hnt; kfv lcƒ r]fec kf]v (bhDv) rf]evc nsÌ W ²Àý dlsqƒ „mfsbv zÕfdtjf osV WsE bf. ƒntfsm zfsvf zsbj dhNq
dmdtsq dlt ˆhQ kfv rfskv lcƒ jvktsj dbu ufbcv …isv svsJ htt, zfsY, pf „mfsbv z§ÀHcÙ
G Á. ivhkGD ipGfsq dw[fKGDvf kf ufbsk ifvsh.
`sr mcrf©mfl! zfmfsj ƒntfm n©isjG htcb.' nckvfQ vfnCtïc fr 
htstb, ªƒntfm rt ˆƒ sp, kcdm nf[A slsh, zfïfr YfVf sjfb (nkA) zfïfrv iadk „mfb
…ifnA sbƒ, zfv mcrf©mfl zfïfrv vnCt, bfmfp iadkôf jvsh, pfjfk zfïfrv iadk „mfb zfbfv zKG rt, zfïfrv iadk ˆmb dbdÇyk, nclPx
ialfb jvsh, vmpfsbv svfpf vfJsh ˆhQ jf'hf Osvv r϶ jvsh; pdl W zet dhw¶fn vfJf sp, zfïfrƒ iadkde h²Âv nxdójkGf, zdLjkGf,
snJfsb pfhfv nÌdk vfJ.« sn htt, `zfidb dEjƒ hstsYb.' zfmvf iftbjkGf W v¢pDlfkf. iajdx kv dbqsmv dbqfmj dkdbƒ. dkdbƒ njt
kfv jKfq zfÇypG rtfm sp, sn duÎfnfW jvsY ˆhQ dEj hst nmKGbW iajfv ƒhflskv ˆjmfÛ spfoA zdLjfvD. dkdbƒ nm²À nc¦lv bfm W
jvsY! sn (zfhfv) htt, `zfidb zfmfsj „mfb n©isjG htcb.' dkdb nc…¤y ÈBfhtDv zdLjfvD. ˆ nsh k]fv sjfb wvDj sbƒ. dkdb njt
htstb, ªkcdm zfïfrv iadk, kf]v dIdvñfoB, kf]v djkfhnmCr, kf]v iajfv slfN-Û¢de sKsj mcÙÁ W idhÛ.
vnCtnmCr, ivjft ˆhQ HfsoAv Hft-ms¦lv iadk dhÇhfn vfJsh.« sn zidvrfpGv™si ˆƒ dhw¶fnsj z§Àsv tftb jvf ˆhQ snƒ zbcpfqD
htt, `zfidb pKfKG hstsYb.' sn (kxkDq) iaw´ jvt sp, `zfmfsj zfmt jvf.
ƒrnfb n©isjG htcb! dkdb htstb, ªƒrnfb rt ˆƒ sp, kcdm ˆmbHfsh
zfïfrv ƒhflk jvsh; spb kcdm kf]sj slJsk if¤Y. pdl kcdm kf]sj zfïfrv iadk „mfb zfbfv zLDsb yfvde dhNq z§ÀHGcÙÁ
slJsk bf ifW, kfrst dkdb dj§Â skfmfsj slJsk ifs¤Yb.« sn (icbvfq) (1) mrfb zfïfrv zd²Àsk¶ dhw¶fn-²¿fib
htt, `zfidb zfmfsj djqfmskv dlb n©isjG htcb (sndlb jsh zfïfr sp zfsYb, sn jKf mfbcsNv nc²¿ W zdhjxk iajdx k
nQOdek rsh?)' dkdb htstb, ªˆ hAfifsv duÎfdnk (hAdÙÁ) zhtDtfÛÁsm dhw¶fn jsv. k]fv bfbf dblwGb YdVsq zfsY dhw¶uosk,
duÎfnsjv sysq shwD zhdrk bq. (zKGf{ djqfmskv dbdlGó dlb kf dbsq oHDv dy§ÀfHfhbf jvstW naófv zd²Àk¶ hcsU zfsn. ncJ W lc}J,
zfmfslv lc'usbvƒ zufbf).« sn htt, `(kfrst) zfidb Wv …Úfb W ikb dbsq dy§Àf-oshNBf jvst nxdójkGfv zd²Àk¶sj zöDjfv
dblwGbnmCr n©isjG zfmfsj hst dlb.' dkdb htstb, ª(Wv djYc dblwGb jvfv …ifq sbƒ.
rt ˆƒ sp,) jxklfnD kfv mdbhsj ianh jvsh (zKGf{ pcÝh¦lD ˆk shwD iadkde mfbcNƒ naófv zd²Àsk¶ dhw¶fnD rsk ifvk, pdl idvshw W
rsh sp, pcÝ hd¦lbD ÛÁDklfnD kfv mdbshv jbAf ianh jvsh). zfv kcdm ifdvifdw¶Gjkfv jfvsB kfv dhjxdk bf Oek. mrfbhD  hstb,
bo´il, h²ÃrDb W ldvû Yfostv vfJftslvsj zÕfdtjf dbmGfsBv jfsu ‫ ! و‬2 F ‫ א‬S
(  )K ‫ و‬2 F‫ (د א‬R K @ ‫ א‬5 P  Q:  ْNO ْ ‫א‬L 4M ?  K*$G ‫د‬A  % 
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iv±iv ohG jvsk slJsh.« zk}iv sn (zfo§Âj iaw´jfvD) yst sot.  EEKKKK2 F * TU (  K
(…mfv  hstb,) `zfdm zsbj[B vnCt -ˆv dJlmsk Kfjtfm.'
zKGf{, iadkde dwð (ƒntfmD) iajdx kv …iv u¦moarB jsv.
icbvfq dkdb htstb ªsr …mfv! kcdm dj ufb sp, iaw´jfvD sj dYt?«
zk}iv kfv dikfmfkf kfsj ƒqfùlD hfdbsq sbq zKhf dJa±efb
zfdm httfm, `zfïfr W k]fv vnCt shwD ufsbb.' dkdb htstb, ªƒdb
hfdbsq sbq zKhf zdo´iCuj hfdbsq sbq. (hcJfvD)
duhaf„t dYstb, skfmfslvsj skfmfslv äDb dwJfsbfv ubA ˆsndYstb.«
(mcndtm)
zfv mrfb zfïfr hstsYb,
„mfsbv …ÙÁ Yqde mCt dHdÙv hAfifsv nm²À vnCt W wvDqk Z * R# 4 M  ‫  א)*س‬NQ C+$ ‫א‬2$4‫ א‬: ْNQ *ًO#)X

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ˆjmk. ˆv mLA rsk sjfb ˆjdesk pdl sj… zdhw¶fnD rq, kfrst {‫ ن‬4 ` K Z ‫_  א)*س‬E
ْ ! 
  ‫  و‬#(  ;ْ ‫
א‬K(?‫ א‬Y‫ ذ‬24$‫]א‬4ْ ^
  K? 
sn `jfsIv' oBA rsh.
 ‫אوم‬:<=E٣٠F
zhwA ˆ Yqde rt „mfsbv mCt hcdbqfl zKhf ²Àý. zfv sjht hcdbqfl
zKGf{, kcdm ˆjdbôHfsh dbsusj LsmG iadkdôk vfJ. zfïfrv snƒ
ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 5 6 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
iajdx kv zbcnvB jv; sp iajdx k zbcpfqD dkdb mfbcN nxdó jsvsYb. j'sv htcb, ifot zfdm, bf …db? zfdm skf sjht hstdY, blDv Lfsv
zfïfrv nxdóv sjfb idvhkGb sbƒ. ˆdeƒ nvt LmG; dj§Â zdLjfQw ˆjde sbZjf zfibf-zfidb ³kdv rsq blDsk ytfystv jKf. zfv …db
mfbcN ufsb bf. (v™m } 30) sp hstb, ˆ nfvf dhw¶ufrfb, ˆ y¦û-nCpG, oar-b[Û, ˆ zfjfw-hfkfn
(j) naóf zfsYb, kfv pcdÙÁn©mk iamfB nh djYc dhbf idvyftj YfVf idvyfdtk rs¤Y. kfrst …db dj zfmfv
dÛÁqf sjfb jkGf YfVf, dw¬i sjfb dw¬iD YfVf, stJf sjfb stJj yfƒsk shdw hV ifot bb?'
YfVf dj dhw¶fn jvf pfq? nHfq …id²¿k ubkf ˆmb pcdÙÁpcÙÁ uhfh ðsb zfd²Àj zfstmsj
ˆj zfd²Àj zfstsmv nsÌ ˆj bfd²Àj idàskv kjGnHf rWqfv nmKGb jvt.
jKf. snJfsb zfd²Àj iamfB jvshb, naóf zfsYb, zfv bfd²Àj iamfB htf hfùtA, nxdó W kfv dbq§ÃB, klhDv W idvyftbf nìsá dhshjsj
jvsh, kf sbƒ. iaw´ jvst, …Ùv ˆƒ dmtsh sp, zhwAƒ ˆjub naóf zfsYb. sp
nHfq iaycv stfsjv nmfom dYt. zfd²Àj zfstm nHfq …id²¿k rsk iajdx kv dbqsm dhsw¶v nh djYc dbqd§Ãk W idvyfdtk rs¤Y, snƒ
sldv jvsYb slsJ zsbsj LfvBf j'sv hnt sp, dkdb rqskf naófv dbqsmv dbqfmj dkdbƒ.
zd²Àk¶ iamfB jvsk ifvshb bf. mrfb zfïfr hstb,
k]fv hfnf dYt blDv WifsV. ˆdlsj nHfq hV …{jØfv nfsK iakD[f e‫ *و א‬T
 ‫;אא‬4 /
‫ !م‬E٣٥F ‫ !م א ْ^ * ;ن‬ABC
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ytsk ytsk stfsjslv ³LspGv nDmf YfdVsq spsk tfot.  <N‫א‬:<=E٣٦F{‫ ) ن‬K*$ 5 ‫ <ض‬P ْ ‫و א‬
ƒdkmsLA dkdb ˆsn …id²¿k rstb. njst k]fsj H{Gnbf jvsk zKGf{, kfvf dj sjfb djYc hAdksvsj zfibf-zfidbƒ nxó rsqsY, bf
tfot. bfd²Àj htt, `zfnst …db naófv zd²Àk¶ iamfB jvsk ifvshb kfvf dbsuvfƒ naóf? bfdj kfvf zfjfwmàtD W ixdKhD nxdó jsvsY?
bf dhLfq sldv j'sv nHfq …id²¿k rsqsYb!' hvQ kfvf dbdÇyk dhÇhfn vfsJ bf. (k¶Cv } 35-36)
zfd²Àj htstb, `Hfƒ njt! zfibfvf rqskf ufsbb. zfmfv hfdV
blDv WifsV. ˆ ifsV zfnfv ubA pKfnmsq hfdV sKsj shv (J) zfïfr zd²Àsk¶v wvqD iamfB
rsqdYtfm. dj§Â blDv Ofse ˆsn sldJ, sjfb sbZjf-Wqftf sbƒ. kfƒ nm²À zfnmfbD oa§¿ ˆ jKfv nf[A slq sp, ˆ dhsw¶v nxdójkGf zhwAƒ
zsi[f jvsk jvsk sldv rsq sot. zhswsN sjfb sbZjf-Wqftf ˆjub zfsYb. dpdb wvDqskv dhLfb dlsqsYb, dpdb djkfh zhkDBG
sitfmW bf. hù zsi[fv iv slJtfm, Ofsev jfsY ˆjde hV ofY jsvsYb, dpdb mfbcsNv jtAfsBv ubA dhw¶ vybf jsvsYb, dkdbƒ
zfibf-zfidb isV sot. kfviv zfibf-zfidb ifef ³kdv rt. zfïfr.
zfibf-zfidb ifefÈdt zfsifsn sufVf stso sbZjf ³kdv rsq sot. sn nh djkfsh vsqsY naófv zd²Àk¶ W nxdó-kÙ¶ nìsá bfbf kKA W
kfviv LDsv LDsv ifdbsk sbsm sot. zfdm kfsk ysV hntfm. snƒ iamfB.
sbZjf mfdU-mfïf YfVf ˆ ifsV ifv j'sv dlt. zfv kfvivƒ zfdm (o) hf²Àh zbcHCdk W …itdév mfLAsm naófv
zfibfslv n©mcsJ …id²¿k rsk sisvdY.' zd²Àsk¶v iamfB
nHf²¿ iafq njt ubkfƒ `srf-srf' j'sv srsn …Et. bfd²Àj hst 1. mfbcN pJb dbv¢ifq rq, okA§ÀvrDb rsq znrfq rq, kJb jfsvf
…Et, `…id²¿k HûmàtD! zfibfslv jD msb rq? …db dj ˆjub jfsY zdHspfo jvsk mb yfq, jfsvf jfsY Idvqfl ufdbsq nfrfpA
ifot bb? sjfb sbZjf dj dbsu dbsu ³kdv rsq dhbf mfdU-mfïfsk dH[f jvsk ƒ¤Yf rq. ˆmb djYc nfrfpA zfsY, pf nxdósk jvsk ifsv
blD ifv j'sv dlsk ifsv? zfnst …db naófsk dhw¶fnD rsq ifot rsq bf. mfbcN naófv dhw¶fn dbsq k]fsj zfrhfb jsv, dkdb kfv zfrhfsb
sosYb. zfibfvf sj… k]fv jKfq dhw¶fn jvshb bf.' nfVf slb. dhil sKsj …Ýfv jsvb. jcvzfb W rflDsn ˆv zsbj
zfd²Àj zfstm htstb, `Hfƒ njt! zfibfvf ƒbnfsIv nfsK dhyfv iamfB vsqsY. spmb mrfb zfïfr bCr  n©isjG hstb,
ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 7 8 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb

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zKGf{, (±mvB jv) bCrsj; iCshG sn pJb zfrhfb jsvdYt, kJb 
p < 234‫ א‬q< *   %l ‫ْ]و א‬4^
ْ ‫א‬2  Z! @ % P 5Ae‫^ א‬
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zfdm nfVf dlsqdYtfm kfv zfrhfsb ˆhQ kfsj W kfv idvubhoGsj
mrfnQje rsk …Ýfv jsvdYtfm. (zfdìqf } 76)  r‫א‬Ml‫א‬:<=E٥٤F{'   * `ْ ‫א‬
ˆjlf mrfbhD  ucmzfv Jckhf dld¤Ystb. ˆmb nmq ˆj mv¢hfnD zKGf{, dbÇyq skfmfslv iadkiftj zfïfr dpdb zfjfwmàtD W
(shlc„b) …sE l]fdVsq htt, `sr zfïfrv vnCt! mft-Lb L¶Qn rsq sot, ixdKhDsj Yq dlsb nxdó jsvb, zk}iv dkdb zfvsw nmfnDb rb.
zfv idvhfv-idvub (JfslAv zHfsh) [cLfkG sKsj sot. nckvfQ zfidb dkdbƒ dlhnsj vfdÛ äfvf zf¤Yfdlk jsvb; Wslv ˆsj zbAsj
zfmfslv ubA zfïfrv jfsY lczf jv¢b.' kJb mrfbhD  dbsuv lcƒ û¢kodksk zbcnvB jsv. zfv (nxdó jsvsYb) nCpG, y¦la W
rfk kcst lczf jvstb. Ist ˆmb hxdó wcv¢ rt sp ivhkGD ucmzfsk b[Ûvfdusj, pf kf]vƒ zfÎfLDb. susb vfJ, nxdó jvf ˆhQ dbslGwlfb
…ÙÁ (hf zbA ˆj) hAdÙÁ icbvfq JfVf rsq htt, `sr zfïfrv vnCt! Ov- kf]vƒ jfu. dkdb mdrmmq dhÇh iadkiftj. (zf'vfI } 54)
hfdV sHsM sot ˆhQ mft-Lb Fcsh sot. nckvfQ zfidb zfmfslv ubA
lczf jv¢b!' mrfbhD  kJb dkdb dbsuv rfk kcst icbvfq hxdó há (3) mrfb zfïfrv …ifnAsk¶v iadk „mfb
rWqfv ubA lczf jvstb ˆhQ hxdóW sot sKsm. (hcJfvD 933bQ, mcndtm, mrfb zfïfrv …ifnAk¶ hf …tCdrqAfskv iadk „mfsbv zKG ˆƒ sp,
bfnf„, mcnbfl zfrml 3/256, 271) dkdbƒ ˆjmfÛ …ifnA, mf'hCl W ƒhflskv spfoA. njt iajfv ƒhflk
dpdb zfskGv zfkGbfl wahB jsvb, dpdb dhisl zfrhfsb nfVf dlsq ifWqfv zdLjfvD dkdbƒ. kfsk k]fv sjfb iajfv wvDj sbƒ.
…Ýfv jsvb, dkdbƒ zfïfr. mrfb zfïfr hstb,
2. zfdìqfosBv znQJA mc'dupf hf zstZdjj Oebf, pf mfbcN öys[ :<=E١٦٣F{ #X ‫ 
א‬X
  ‫ א‬$ZG  2 G $Zs?X‫و א‬s2 G 
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lwGb jsvsY zKhf dhw¶²À nCsÛ wahB jsvsY, kf ˆ jKfv iamfB hrb  :;‫א‬
jsv sp, dpdb ‰ mc'dupfv nQOej ˆhQ bhDv siavj, dkdb sjfb zlxwA-
zKGf{, skfmfslv …ifnA ˆjmfÛ …ifnA (zfïfr). dkdb hAkDk zfv
wdÙÁ ˆhQ dkdbƒ zfïfr. mfbcN pflc slJfsk ifsv, dj§Â mc'dupf ialwGb
sjfb (ndkAjfv) …ifnA sbƒ, dkdb yvm jv¢Bfmq, ivm lqftc.
jvsk ifsv bf. mc'dupf sjht zfïfrv ƒ¤Yfbcnfsv bhDv nmKGsb (hfj¶fvfr } 163)
ialdwGk rsq Kfsj.
mCnf -ˆv tfdEv nfi rWqf, „nf -ˆv mxkslsr iafB-iadkôf, (4) mrfb zfïfrv nc¦lv bfmfhtD W nc…¤y ÈBfhtDv
swNbhD -ˆv y¦û däJdàkjvB ƒkAfdl hù mc'dupfv jKf zfmvf iadk „mfb
jcvzfb-rflDsnv mfLAsm ufbsk ifdv. jcvzfb jfvDm ˆhQ nrDr rflDsn hdBGk snƒ nm²À bfm hf ÈB, pfv
(2) mrfb zfïfrv iadkiftjsk¶v iadk „mfb äfvf zfïfr dbsusj zdHdrk W ÈBfd¥hk jsvsYb zKhf k]fv vnCt
mrfb zfïfrv iadkiftjk¶ hf v¢hCdhqAfskv iadk „mfsbv zKG ˆƒ  k]fv ubA hBGbf jsvsYb, kf hf²Àh W iajkx sHsh, sjfb iajfsv kfv
dhw¶fn sp, dkdbƒ nfvf nxdóv iaHc W iadkiftj. dkdb iajdx kv dbqsmv zihAfJAf bf j'sv, sjfb …lfrvB W lxóf§À j¬ibf bf j'sv ˆhQ kfv
dbqfmj, nfvf dhsw¶v idvyftj. dkdbƒ nh djYcv nxdójkGf ˆhQ nhGmq iajk
x fKG `ufdb bf' hst sn dhNsq zfïfrsj HfvfiGB bf j'sv dhw¶fn W
jkGkx ¶ k]fvƒ. ˆ nsh k]fv sjfb wvDj W nrfqj sbƒ. iakAq vfJf. mrfb zfïfr hstb,
mrfb zfïfr hstb,
ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 9 10 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
CQ‫ ?و ن‬t4ْ K 
Kn $‫ * و ذ<و ْאא‬R5 @ M‫ * د‬QL )T
  tْ ‫א‬B*  =l ‫א‬2  34 ‫} و‬  B*#Fl‫א‬:<=
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2 - u =
 ! zKGf{, zfjfwmàtD W ixdKhDsk pfvf zfsY kfvf kf]vƒ
zKGf{, …Ùm bfmnmCr zfïfrvƒ. nckvfQ skfmvf sn nh bfsmƒ kfsj mfdtjfbfLDb; zfv k]fv nfdâsLA pfvf zfsY kfvf k]fv …ifnbf jvsk
Ffsjf. zfv pfvf kf]v bfm nìsá hÛÁiK zhtìb jsv, kfslvsj zrQjfv jsv bf ˆhQ j¾fd§À shfLW jsv bf. kfvf dlhf-vfdÛ k]fv
huGb jv, kfslv jxkjsmGv It kfslvsj slWqf rsh. (zf'vfI } 180) idhÛkf W mdrmf sOfNBf jsv; kfvf SwdKtA jsv bf. (zfdìqf } 19-20)
dkdb zfsvf hstb,  dIdvwXkfmàtDv nQJAf
 h<‫א‬:<=E١١F{y S
  ‫א‬x #T
 ‫ و  א‬Bs C
D
2 4_  E
" #  } dIdvwXkfmàtDv nQJAf sp jk, kf sjht nxdójkGf mrfb zfïfrƒ
zKGf{, sjfb djYcƒ k]fv nlxw bq. dkdb nhGswafkf, nhGûóf. (wCvf } 11) ufsbb. dkdb hstb,
 k?{‫א‬:<=E٣١F{  *$G  Y5( <  ‫)د‬
 4 ` K * %‫} و‬
 mrfb zfïfrv iadk „mfb zfbfv soZvhmq ncIt zKGf{, skfmfv iadkiftsjv hfdrbD n©isjG ˆjmfÛ dkdbƒ ufsbb.
1. mc'dmb zfïfr YfVf zbA jf…sj Hq jvsh bf, dkdb YfVf zbA (mcÜfNXdNv } 31)
jfsvf iadk sjfb zfwf vfJsh bf, dkdb YfVf zbA jfsvf …iv Hvnf nrDr hcJfvD-mcndtsm …dïdJk dm'vfsuv Oebfq hdBGk rsqsY sp, bhD
vfJsh bf. kfv uDhb rsh wdÙÁ-nmxÝ, zfïfrv hst htDqfb. -sj pJb zfnmfsb zhd²¿k hfqkct mf'mCsv dbsq pfWqf rq, kJb
2. mrfb zfïfrv idvyq tfH j'sv k]fv bfm W ÈBfhtD nìsá dkdb slJsk ifb sp, sn Osv znQJA dIdvwXkf ƒhflk jvsYb. sn Osv
WqfdjI-rft rst mc'dmb zfïfrsj shdwv™si Hfthfnsh, k]fsj zfsvf iakAr nÙv rfufv dIdvwXkf ƒhflk jsvb ˆhQ djqfmk ipG§À ‰ Osv
shdw kf'pDm jvsh, zfsvf shdw mfbA jvsh. däkDqhfv ƒhflk jvfv ncspfo k]fslv dmtsh bf.
3. mfbcsNv iajdx k ˆƒ sp, `pfv bcb Jfƒ, kfv ÈB ofƒ.' nckvfQ vfnCtcïfr  hstsYb, ªzhwAƒ zfdm sldJ, pf skfmvf slJsk ifW bf.
mc'dmb pJb zfïfrsj dbsuv ˆjmfÛ iadkiftjv™si dybsh, kJb sn zfjfw jeXjeX j'sv wè jvsY. zfv ˆ wè kfv jvf nfsu. ˆsk yfv
sjht k]fvƒ ƒhflk jvsh. zfnt vfufsj dybst zfv lfsvfqfsbv zfÌct idvmfB ˆmb ufqof sbƒ, spJfsb sjfb dIdvñf zfïfrv ubA
mfKfq sefiv slsh bf. dnulfq dbu jift zhbk vfsJbdb. zfïfrv jnm! skfmvf pdl ufbsk
4. ƒr-ivjfst ivm snZHfsoAv zdLjfvD rsh. pf zfdm ufdb, ksh skfmvf jm rfnsk ˆhQ shwD j]flsk ˆhQ dhYfbfq
skfmvf ²ÃDslv nfsK zfb¦l …isHfo jvsk bf. (hvQ) skfmvf zfïfrv
dIdvwXkfmàtDv iadk „mfb zfwaq sbWqfv ubA isK isK shv rsq spsk.« (dkvdmpD, ƒhsb mfufr)
ˆƒ dhw¶fn sp, mrfb zfïfr dIdvwXkfhoGsj bCv hf suAfdk sKsj nxdó  dIdvwXkfmàtDv iadk „mfsb yfvde dhNq z§ÀHGcÙÁ
j'sv zlxwA svsJsYb. dkdb k]fslvsj dhdHâ jfsuv lfdqk¶ ziGB 1. k]fslv zd²Àsk¶v iadk dhw¶fn.
jsvsYb ˆhQ k]fvf kf pKfpKHfsh iftb j'sv Kfsjb. dkdb k]fslvsj 2. k]fslv msLA p]fslv bfm zfmvf ufbsk sisvdY, k]fslv bfm-nr
db°ifi ƒhflkjfvD W nlf zbcok hf¦lfv™si nxdó jsvsYb ˆhQ k]fslv dhw¶fn jvf, spmb duhaf„t, mDjf„t, ƒnafIDt, mftfjct mfWk, mfstj
ƒhflk W zfbcokA n©iflsb …ipcÙÁ wdÙÁW lfb jsvsYb. iaHdx k. zfv p]fslv bfm zfmvf ufbsk ifdvdb, k]fslv iadkW zfmHfsh
mrfb zfïfr hstb, dhw¶fn vfJf.

 M  ‫ ون‬
ْ + T
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  ‫א‬CQ 
% 2   ‫} و‬ 3. k]fslv msLA p]fslv dhswN zfjxdk nìsá ufbsk sisvdY, kfsk
E٢٠F{‫و ن‬+ Oْ K Z  <* R) ‫ و א‬# 4$‫ن א‬t( T
K E١٩F‫و ن‬T
 t
 + T
 K Z ‫ و‬2 ‫ * د‬M dhw¶fn vfJf. spmb duhvDt -ˆv Yq wk Ffbf, p]fsj zfïfrv bhD
 k]fv ö-zfjxdksk lwGb jsvdYstb, dkdb dloXyÛÁhft dOsv dYstb.
ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 11 12 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
ˆ YfVf zbAfbA dIdvwXkfvW zlxwA Ffbf zfsY. mrfb zfïfr  dIdvwXkfv iadk „mfb vfJfv soZvhmq ncIt
hstsYb, 1. hf¦lfv msb mrfb zfïfrv mrÙ¶ hxdÝ ifq, spsrkc dIdvwXkf ˆj
C‫ً*!و‬4=< , - * 4 ْ ‫א‬M * ‫ <ض‬P ْ ‫و א‬e‫ *و א‬T
 ‫|א‬
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ْ ‫}א‬ mrf nxdó. zfv nxdóv mrÙ¶ naófv mrsÙ¶v iamfB hrb jsv.
2. mrfb zfïfrv iadk zf²¿f hxdÝ ifq, spsrkc dkdb hf¦lfv
( EL 4M  2$4‫نא‬G B*  K* %]4ْ ^
ْ ‫א‬CQ?KvK  ‫ *ع‬5< ‫ *~  و‬4k ‫ و‬L )_ % A,t
) 
 ! drIfpskv ubA dIdvwXkf dbpcÙÁ jsvsYb.
 E١F{s K? ABC
D
3. mrfb zfïfrv iadk HDdk hxdÝ ifq, spsrkc dkdb hf¦lfv ifi-icBA
zKGf{, nm²À iawQnf zfjfwmàtD W ixdKhDv nxdójkGf zfïfrvƒ--- sbfe jvfv ubA dIdvwXkf dbpcÙÁ svsJsYb.
dpdb dIdvñfslvsj hfBDhfrj (lCk) jsvb; pfvf lcƒ-lcƒ, dkb-dkb 4. mrfb zfïfrv ƒhflskv Èv¢k¶ hxdÝ ifq, spsrkc dkdb
zKhf yfv-yfv Ffbfdhdwó. dkdb k]fv nxdósk pf ƒ¤Yf hxdÝ j'sv Kfsjb. dIdvwXkfmàtDsj k]fv zfbcokA W ƒhflskv ubAƒ du¶b-ƒbnfsbv
dbÇyqƒ zfïfr nhGdhNsq nhGwdÙÁmfb. (Ifdk¶v } 1) iCshG nxdó jsvsYb.
dIdvwXkf zfïfrv dbslGsw jJsbf jJsbf mfbcsNv zfjxdksk lxwAmfb
rb. spmb, du¶b ufdk
pchj snsu ƒhafrDm -ˆv smrmfb rsq ˆsndYstb. ˆJfsb iafndÌjHfsh du¶b ufdkv jKf ufbf lvjfv. spsrkc
icv¢sNv shsw mfvqAfm (zftfƒrfn nftfm)ˆv dbje n§Àfsbv dIdvwXkf uoskv mskf kfslvW ˆjde zlxwA uo{ zfsY. kfv iadk
ncnQhfl dbsq ˆsndYstb. dhw¶fn vfJfW uv¢vD, spsrkc kfv zd²Àsk¶v jKf jcvzfb W rflDsn
hfbD ƒnaf„stv efj-Wqftf, Lht-jcôsvfo-Wqftf W zsáv dbje hdBGk rsqsY.
ivD[fv ubA mfbcsNv shsw ˆsndYstb. ˆ ufdkv zfdl dikf rt ƒhtDn. ³lkA, lfbh, wqkfb, zncv,
mcnfdIsvv shsw nfrfhfslv nfmsb bhD -sj „mfb-ƒntfm nìsá vf[n, slW-ivD, Hck-siak-siadkbD, siakfk¹f, diwfy---ˆnh djYc
iaw´ j'sv dw[f slWqfv ubA duhvDt  …id²¿k rsqdYstb. dusbvƒ dhdHâ HfNfq zKhf dhdHâ ocsBv …iv ˆj ˆjef bfm.
zsbj nmq dkdb nfrfhD dlrqAfr jfthDv v™i LfvB j'sv zfnskb. du¶b zfÈb sKsj nxó. kfslvsj mfbcsNv iCshG nxdó jvf rsqsY. mrfb
hlv ƒkAfdl pcsÝ spfÝfv shsw hù dIdvwXkf zhkDBG rsqdYstb. zfïfr hstsYb,
4. k]fslv jmG W jkGhA nìsá pf ufbsk ifdv, kfsk dhw¶fn vfJf. ‫ ن‬u Uْ ‫و א‬E٢٦F‫) ٍن‬T
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% ‫ *ن‬TF‚‫ ْ;) *א‬4 /
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 Uƒ‫א‬:<=E٢٧F{‫ م‬T  ‫*<א‬F
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k]fvf k]fv …ifnbf jvsk zrQjfv jsvb bf ˆhQ j¾fd§À shfLW jsvb
bf. k]fvf dlhf-vfdÛ k]fv idhÛkf W mdrmf sOfNBf jsvb; kfvf SwdKtA zKGf{, dbÇyq zfdm mfbcNsj nxdó jsvdY jfstf iyf ð°j EbEsb mfde
jsvb bf. rsk. zfv ˆv iCshG du¶bsj nxdó jsvdY LCmarDb dhðÝ zdo´ rsk. (druXv
} 26-27)
duhvDt  zrD zhkDBG jvfv jfsu dbpcÙÁ dYstb. mDjf„t 
du¶b ufdk mfbcsNv mskfƒ zfïfrv zfslw-dbsNsLv Hfviafå.
hxdó hNGsBv jfsu, ƒnafIDt  `nCv' (dwMf) I]j c fv jfsu, mftfjct kfslvsjW ƒhflskv ubA nxdó jvf rsqsY. mrfb zfïfr hstb,
mfWk iafBDv iafB-rvsBv jfsu ˆhQ mfstj ufrfâfsmv klfvdjv
jfsu dbpcÙÁ zfsYb.  e*K<‫א‬n‫א‬:<=E٥٦F{‫ ` ?و ن‬#  *$G  "Fْ ‫
و א‬U
 ْ ‫ ْ;„א‬4 /
* %‫} و‬
sjfb dIdvwXkf mfsqv sise ë™sBv kÙ¶fLfsb, sj… mfbcsNv drIfpskv zKGf{, zfdm du¶b W mfbcNsj sjht nxdó jsvdY ˆ ubA sp, kfvf
jfsu, sj… kfv icBA stJfv jfsu, sj… kfv ifi stJfv jfsu, sj… zfmfvƒ ƒhflk jvsh. (pfdvqfk } 56)
sj… jhsv ivD[f sbWqfv jfsu dbsqfduk zfsYb. mfbcsNv mskfƒ kfslv msLAW mc'dmb zfsY ˆhQ jfsIvW, Hft zfsY
ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 13 14 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
ˆhQ m¦lW. spmb mfbcsNv mskfƒ kfvf ufâfkD rsh ˆhQ ufrfâfmDW. dbsNL ˆsnsY, rfV W sofhvsj spb ƒd²ÀÓfq hAhrfv bf jvf rq, jfvB
mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, kf du¶b n©ialfsqv JflA.
‫  وא‬t
  Y …  ‫ و‬P Q  4  =
 ! 
  Q  ‫ن‬N =
 * ;ْ ‫ )*א‬% ‫ن  و‬4T
   ْ ‫ )*א‬% *F ! ‫} و‬  spHfsh du¶sbvf mfbcNsj jó dlsq Kfsj
 
†‫א‬:<=E١٥F{*iN X  ) R U
 ‫א‬F* Q  ‫ن‬N=  * ;ْ ‫*א‬%! ‫ و‬E١٤F‫א‬i?D < Hft du¶sbvf dbÇyqƒ jf…sj jó slq bf. Jfvfi hf wqkfb du¶bƒ
zKGf{, zfmfslv jkj zfk¹nmiGBjfvD (mcndtm) ˆhQ jkj bfbfHfsh mfbcNsj jó dlsq Kfsj.
nDmftQObjfvD; nckvfQ pfvf zfk¹nmiGB jsv (mcntmfb rq), kfvf 1. mfbcsNv z§Àsv bfbf jcm§ÃBf W ifi-dy§Àfv …sûj j'sv ifsi W
db}ns¦lsr nkA iK shsY sbq. zivis[ nDmftQObjfvDvf skf nfQnfdvj zwfd§Àsk dtå jsv.
ufrfâfsmvƒ ƒáb.' (du¶b } 14-15) 2. mfbcNsj JfsmfJf Hq sldJsq jó dlsq Kfsj. mrfb zfïfr
hstsYb,
:<=E١١F{‫دא‬i ?   ]- ‫| א‬ *)E   Y ‫)*دون  ذ‬% ‫ن  و‬t *S‫)*א‬% *F! ‫} و‬
  ‫ אدو‬vQ (
Uْ ‫(
א‬%ٍ‫*ل‬
 5  ‫`ذون‬K "Fْ‫
א‬%( s‫ *ن  < *ل‬E2F! ‫} و‬
 
†‫א‬
 E٦F{*ً; <
zKGf{, zfmfslv jkj n{jmGivfqB ˆhQ jkj ˆv hAdkÛÁm,
zfmvf dYtfm dhdHâ isKv zbcnfvD. (‰ } 11) zKGf{, jdkiq mfbcN jkj du¶bslv dbje zfwaq iafKGbf jvk, Ist
mrfb zfïfr du¶b-ƒbnfb …Hq n©ialfqsj nsìfLb j'sv hstsYb, kfvf kfslv Hq hfdVsq dlk. (du¶b } 6)
3. jcöi´ sldJsq mfbcNsj jó slq.
{‫ * ن‬5n(   * 
 5( < B* &(mP Q E٤٦F‫ * ن‬+) 
2(5<  ‫; *م‬%  r* /
  ‫} و‬
4. mfbcsNv msb-mosu iashw j'sv kfsj jó slq, pfsj `du¶b-
 E٤٧F ifWqf' htf rq.
zKGf{, zfv sp hAdÙÁ kfv iadkiftsjv nfmsb …id²¿k rWqfv Hq dbqdmk zfïfrv dpjXv jvst, du¶sbv jó sKsj h]fyf zdk nru.
vfsJ, kfv ubA vsqsY lc'de (ufâfskv) hfofb. zkˆh skfmvf …Hsq spsrkc zfïfrv …iv HvnfjfvD hf¦lfslv …iv kfslv sjfb zfdLikA
skfmfslv iadkiftsjv sjfbX sjfbX zbcoarsj dmKAfÎfb jvsh? sbƒ. mrfb zfïfr hstb,
(vfrmfb } 46-47) E٩٩F{‫ ن‬4E
$  + K R 5( < L 4M ‫)אْ و‬% &
Kn$ ‫א‬L 4M s‫ *ن‬N4ْ =
 2  "#  2F G}
kfslv bhD zfmfslv bhD mcrf©mfl , zfmfslv wvDqk kfslv
 t)‫א‬
wvDqk. (zfrj¶fI } 29-32, du¶b } 2, 12)
dub ƒ¤Yfmk v™i hf zfjxdk LfvB jvsk ifsv. ˆj hxsÝv v™i LfvB zKGf{, dbÇyq pfvf dhw¶fn jsvsY W kfslv iadkiftsjv …ivƒ
j'sv mÄfv jfsIvslv dbje ˆsn vnCt -sj rkAfv ivfmwG dbHGv jsv kfslv …iv kfv sjfb zfdLikA sbƒ. (bfrXt } 99)
dlsqdYt. (nDvfsk ƒhsb drwfm 2/93-95) ncvfjf dhb mfstsjv v™i Lsv
hlv pcsÝ sjfvfƒswv öis[ wvDj rsqdYt. (zflX-lcv¢G t mfbNCv 4/77) zfnmfbD djkfhnmCsrv iadk „mfb
syfsvv v™i Lsv pfjfskv mft ycdv jvsk ˆsn zfhc ùvfƒvfv rfsk mrfb zfïfr dhw¶-mfbhkfv drlfqfskv ubA pcso pcso spmb bhD-
dkbhfv Lvf isVdYt ˆhQ swsN zfqfkct jcvnD iVst wqkfb zfsn vnCt ifdEsqsYb, skmdb k]fslv …iv djkfhW zhkDBG jsvsYb. sn
bf ˆhQ zfïfrv kvI sKsj drIfpk rq---kf dwdJsqdYt. (hcJfvD njt djkfshv jKf sJfl mrfb zfïfrv.
2311bQ) zhwA sn mrfbhD -ˆv v™i LfvB jvsk ifsv bf. (hcJfvD  djkfhnmCsrv iadk „mfsb yfvde dhNq z§ÀHGcÙÁ
110, mcndtm 2266bQ) 1. ˆƒ dhw¶fn sp, nm²À djkfh mrfb zfïfrv kvI sKsj nkA-nr
du¶b mfbcNsj jó slq, spmb mfbcNW du¶bsj jó dlsq Kfsj. rflDsn zhkDBG rsqsY.
ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 15 16 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
2. kfv msLA sp njt djkfshv bfm zfmvf ufbsk sisvdY, kfv vnCtosBv iadk „mfb zfbfv zKG ˆƒ dhw¶fn jvf sp, mrfb zfïfr
bfm-nr dhw¶fn jvf. spmb kfWvfk, pf mCnf -ˆv …iv dtdJk iaskAj ufdkv dbje vnCt hf bhD ifdEsqsYb. p]fvf dbu dbu
zhkDBG rsqdYt. ƒÓDt, pf „nf -ˆv …iv zhkDBG rsqdYt. …©mksj zfïfrv ƒhflskv iadk zfrhfb ufbfskb ˆhQ ˆW
phCv, pf lf†l -ˆv …iv zhkDBG rsqdYt. zfv nhGswN oa§¿ zft- ufbfskb sp, k]fv sjfb wvDj sbƒ; nckvfQ ofqv¢ïfrv ƒhflk
jcvzfb, pf swN bhD mcrf©mfl -ˆv iadk zhkDBG rsqdYt. i[f§Àsv huGbDq.
sp njt djkfshv bfm zfmvf ufbsk ifdvdb, kfv iadkW zfmHfsh nm²À bhDoB nkAhflD, nQpmD, zf²¿fHfub W dhw¶²À dYstb. k]fvf
dhw¶fn vfJf. k]fslv …iv zdiGk lfdqk¶ iftb j'sv zfïfrv hfBD …©mskv jfsY
3. iChGhkGD djkfhnmCsr sp nm²À ndEj nQhfl W kKA zdhjxk si]ZsY dlsqsYb ˆhQ dhw¶hfnDv jfsY zfïfrv iamfB iadkôf j'sv
zh²¿fq vsqsY, kf dhw¶fn jvf. spmb swNbhD  nìsá ncnQhfl sosYb.
ƒkAfdl.  vnCt wsèv zKG W k]fv hxdÙ
4. mbnCJ hf vdrk bf rst iChGhkGD djkfhnmCsrv dhLfb W dbslGw `vfnCt' mfsb siadvk lCk hf ˆmb iadkdbdL, pfsj sjfb nQhfl
zbcnfsv zfmt jvf. spsrkc rt nhGswaô W nhGswN oa§¿. iCshGv njt si]ZYfsbfv lfdqk¶ slWqf rq.
oa§¿sj vdrk jsvsY zft-j¶vc zfb. mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, wvDqskv idvHfNfq `vfnCt' htf rq k]fsj, p]fv jfsY wvDqskv

 * +
 ْ ‫
א‬%2K? K 
#  5* ‡ *ً?( S
% (]t
ْ *5 * +
 ْ ‫ א‬Y#  G * )ْ v F !‫} و‬ zrD jvf rsqsY ˆhQ kf iayfsvv dbslGw slWqf rsqsY.
zfv `bfhD' p]fsj iChG wvDqskv bhfqb W kf iayfsvv zfslw slWqf
* M  B‫ !  א‬x +  Z ‫ و‬243‫ل א‬v F !* 5 R) # 5  X
 *Q 2# 4 M *)i  # R % ‫ و‬
rsqsY.
 E٤٨F{]( t
ْ ‫
א‬%  qB*  nhGiaKm vnCt rstb bCr . mrfb zfïfr hstb,
zKGf{,ˆv iCshG zhkDBG djkfshv nmKGj W nQv[jv™si zfdm E١٦٣F{@ ? `5 
% '#( ) ‫ˆٍو א‬FL G * )# X
‫ * ! و‬E
 Y#  G * )# X
‫* ! و‬FG}
skfmfv iadk nkAnr djkfh zhkDBG jsvdY. nckvfQ zfïfr pf zhkDBG
 B*T)‫א‬
jsvsYb, klbcnfsv kcdm kfslv dhyfv-db®idÙ jv ˆhQ sp nkA
skfmfv dbje ˆsnsY, kf kAfo j'sv kfslv sJqft-JcwDv zbcnvB zKGf{, dbÇyq zfdm skfmfv dbje zrD siavB jsvdY, spmb bCr W
jsvf bf. (mfƒlfr } 48) kfv ivhkDG bhDosBv dbje siavB jsvdYtfm. (dbnf } 163)
HDNB djqfmsk stfsjvf zflm -ˆv iawQnf j'sv htsh,
 zfnmfbD djkfhnmCsrv iadk „mfb zfbfv
`āāāāāzfidb dj zfibfv iftbjkGfv lvhfsv zfmfslv ubA ncifdvw
soZvhmq ncIt jvshb bf? zfidb dj slJsYb bf, zfmvf jD jsóv msLA zfdY? zfmvf
1. ˆƒ ÎfbtfH sp, mrfb zfïfr mfbcsNv drlfqfskv ubA pcso pcso
jD p§ÃBf sHfo jvdY?' zflm  htshb, `zfmfv iadkiftj zfu
bhD-vnCt ifdEsqsYb ˆhQ k]fslv nsÌ djkfhW.
HDNB ÛÁcÝ zfsYb, ˆmb ÛÁcÝ dkdb zfv sjfbdlb rbdb zfv jJsbf
2. iChGhkGD djkfsh zfmfslv swNbhD  nìsá ncnQhfl vsqsY. zfv rshbW bf. kfYfVf dkdb zfmfsj ˆjde hxs[v jfsY spsk dbsNL
kfsk ˆ jKfv iamfB vsqsY sp, dkdb nkA bhD. jsvdYstb, dj§Â zfdm kfv dbslGw zmfbA jsvdYtfm. bfInD! bfInD!
3. djkfshv drlfqfk zbcpfqD uDhb idvyftbfv zfoar tfH rq. bfInD! (zfdm dbsusj dbsqƒ dyd§Àk zfdY!) skfmvf hvQ zfmfsj hfl
4. zfïfr kfzftfv slWqf ˆk hV dbqfmskv ðjdvqf Îfib rq. dlsq zbA jfsvf jfsY pfW. skfmvf bCsrv jfsY pfW.'
nckvfQ kfvf njst bCr -ˆv jfsY ˆsn htsh, `sr bCr! zfidb
vnCtosBv iadk „mfb ixdKhDv iadk iaKm siadvk vnCt. zfïfr zfibfsj swfjv-Èufv hf¦lf
ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 17 18 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
drnfsh zdHdrk jsvsYb. nckvfQ zfidb dj zfibfv iftbjkGfv ms¦lv …ivƒ zfmfv sjfb zdLjfv sbƒ. zfdm pdl zlxswAv Jhv
lvhfsv zfmfslv ubA ncifdvw jvshb bf? zfidb dj slJsYb bf, ufbkfm, kfrst skf zfdm iaHCk jtAfB tfH jvkfm ˆhQ sjfb
zfmvf jD jsóv msLA zfdY? zfmvf jD p§ÃBf sHfo jvdY?'āāāāāā (hcJfvD- zjtAfBƒ zfmfsj ±iwG jvk bf. zfdm skf wcLc dhÇhfnD n©ialfsqv
mcndtm) ubA nkjGjfvD W ncnQhflhfrD.' (zf'vfI } 188)
zfv nhGswN vnCt mcrf©mfl . mrfb zfïfr hstb, k]fvf zbAfbA mfbcsNv mskf ifbfrfv jvskb ˆhQ svfo-hAfdL W
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zfïfrv vnCt W swN bhD. zfïfr nhGdhNsq nhGÎ. (zfrpfh } 40) zKGf{, dpdb zfmfsj nxdó jsvsYb ˆhQ dkdbƒ zfmfsj iKialwGb
ˆmb sjfb ufdk sbƒ, pfv msLA sjfb vnCt hf bhD siadvk rbdb. jsvb. dkdbƒ zfmfsj JfWqfb ˆhQ dkdbƒ zfmfsj ifb jvfb ˆhQ
mrfb zfïfr hstb, svfofÛÁf§À rst dkdbƒ zfmfsj svfomcÙÁ jsvb ˆhQ dkdbƒ zfmfv mxkcA
‫ ) ْא‬+ 
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mrfbhD  nìsá mrfb zfïfr hstsYb,
 E٣٦F{e c*$N‫א‬ ،R ‫א‬:<=E١١٠F{C    G L XK 
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zKGf{, zhwAƒ zfdm iaskAj ufdkv msLA vnCt ifdEsqdY ˆƒ dbslGw
dlsq sp, skfmvf zfïfrv …ifnbf jv W kfoCk sKsj lCsv Kfj. (bfrXt  ٦„4SQ
} 36) zKGf{, kcdm ht, `‚dm skf skfmfslv mkƒ ˆjub mfbcN; ‚mfv
dkdb zfsvf hstb, iadk iakAfslw rq|||||. (jfrXI } 110, rf-mDm nfulfr } 6)
{s Kn F* R#Q* 4/*$G A,% ! 
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Hcst pfƒ, spmb skfmvf Hcst pfW. nckvfQ zfdm Hcst sost skfmvf
 E٢٤F
zfmfsj msb idVsq dlsqf.« (hcJfvD 401, mcndtm 572bQ)
zKGf{, zfdm skf skfmfsj nkAnr ncnQhfllfkf W nkjGjfvDv™si mf-zfsqwf (vf}) hstb, dkdb  zbAfbA mfbcsNv mk ˆjub mfbcN
siavB jsvdY; ˆmb sjfb n©ialfq sbƒ pfv dbje nkjGjfvD siadvk dYstb; örs²À jfiV idv®jfv jvskb, lcL slfrfskb ˆhQ dbsuv
rqdb. (Ifdk¶v } 24) sJlmk dbsuƒ jvskb. zbAbfA icv¢Nvf spmb dbsuslv hfVDsk jfu
 vnCtosBv ³hdwóA jsv, zbcv™i dkdbW kf]v jfisV kfdt tfofskb ˆhQ ucskf dntfƒ
njt bhD vnCtƒ zfïfrv nxdó W mfbcN dYstb. k]fslv jfsvf msLA jvskb. (nrDùt zflfhct mcIvfl 1/215, nrDùt ufsm' 9068)
vhCdhqAfk hf …tCdrqAfskv sjfb ³hdwóA dYt bf. mrfb zfïfr vnCtslv mrfb zfïfr bhD-vnCtoBsj `k]fv lfn' hstƒ zdHdrk jsvsYb ˆhQ
nlGfv mcrf©mfl  nìsá hstb, snefƒ k]fslv ubA iawQnbDq hst …sïJ jsvsYb. mrfb zfïfr hstb,
  4M ! „)E ‫ و‬243‫א‬B* D* %$ZG ‫Š‰א‬
 Z‫* و‬i`Oْ F CTOْ )  Y4% ! $Z} ,  - . ْ ‫א‬Z ‫ و‬2 34‡ ‫?ًא‬M ‫  ن‬K ‫ ‘! ن‬#T ْ ‫א‬

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 Z  ‹#  ْ ‫א‬  E١٧٢F{‫ ن‬5 ;  ْ ‫א‬
 {‫) ن‬% Œ K ٍ‫‡ ; م‬ zKGf{, mnDr zfïfrv lfn rsh, kfsk sn sjfb mskƒ …âfdnjkf
ialwGb jsv bf ˆhQ SbjeAiafå dIdvñfoBW bq. (dbnf } 172)
zKGf{, ht, `zfïfr pf ƒ¤Yf jsvb, kf hAkDk zfmfv dbsuv Hft-
ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 19 20 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
:<=E٣F{‫א‬i<  D
‫א‬i?  M ‫* ن‬E
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  % ,  K <( ‫} ذ‬ j'sv ˆhQ swN bhD -sj zöDjfv j'sv ndEj isK zfsY msb jsv,
kfvf zfnst iKëó, dbsuslv bhDv iadkW kfslv „mfb Kfjsh bf.
 B‫א‚=א‬
2. vnCtosBv mLA rsk p]fslv bfm zfmvf ufbsk ifdv, k]fslv iadk
zKGf{, skfmvfƒ skf kfslv hQwLv, pfslvsj ‚dm bCsrv nfsK „mfb vfJf. spmb mcrf©mfl, bCr, ƒhafrDm, mCnf, „nf iamcJ. mrfb
(sbZjfq) ‚svfrB jdvsqdYtfm, dbÇyq sn dYt ivm jxkÎ lfn. (hfbD zfïfr hstsYb,
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zKGf{, ±mvB jv, zfdm bhDslv dbje rsk, skfmfv dbje rsk ˆhQ
zKGf{, ˆvf pf hst kfsk kcdm SLpGLfvB jv ˆhQ ±mvB jv zfmfv
bCr, ƒhafrDm, mCnf, mfvqAfm-kbq „nfv dbje rsk zÌDjfv oarB
hthfb lfn lf†slv jKf; dbÇyq sn dYt zdkwq zfïfr-zdHmcJD.
(n¶fl } 17)
jsvdYtfm; oarB jsvdYtfm lxP zÌDjfv. (zfrpfh } 7)
…sïJA sp, jcvzfb jfvDsm nhGsmfe i]dyw ub bhD-vnCstv bfm
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 ‫*ن‬O‫א‬E١F k]fslv msLA p]fslv bfm zufbf, k]fslv iadkW nfLfvB „mfb vfJf
zKGf{, jk iafycpGmq dkdb dpdb k]fv lfsnv iadk Icvj¶fb (jcvzfb) uv¢vD. mrfb zfïfr hstsYb,
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mrfbhD  hstsYb, ªskfmvf zfmfsj dbsq (zfmfv kf'pDsm)
hfVfhfdV jsvf bf, spmb dJaófbvf„nf ƒhsb mfvqAfmsj dbsq jsvsY. zKGf{, zfdm skf skfmfv iCshG zsbj vnCt siavB jsvdYtfm; kfslv
zfdm skf zfïfv lfn mfÛ. zkˆh skfmvf zfmfsj zfïfrv lfn W jfsvf jfsvf jKf skfmfv dbje dhhxk jsvdY ˆhQ jfsvf jfsvf jKf
k]fv vnCtƒ hstf.« (hcJfvD, mcndtm, dmwjfk 4897bQ) skfmfv dbje dhhxk jdvdb. (mc'dmb } 78)
zfïfrv lfn rsk ifvf dj jm hV mpGflfv jKf? 3. vnCtslv hAfifsv ˆhQ k]fslv dbje sKsj sp njt nQhfl
ðÝHfsh iamfdBk, kf dbdäGLfq dhw¶fn jvf.
 vnCtosBv iadk „mfsb yfvde dhNq z§ÀHGcÙÁ 4. k]fslv mLA sKsj snƒ vnCstv wvDqk zbcpfqD zfmt jvf, p]fsj
1. ˆƒ dhw¶fn sp, njt vnCstv dvnftfk zfïfrv i[ sKsj nkA. zfmfslv ubA siavB jvf rsqsY. mrfb zfïfr hstb,
pdl sj… ˆjub vnCtsj zöDjfv jsv, kfrst sn zfnst nm²À
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bCr -ˆv n©ialfq sjht bCr -sjƒ dmKAfÎfb jsvdYt. zKGf{, dj§Â bf, skfmfv iadkiftsjv wiK! kfvf dhÇhfnD (mc'dmb)
spsrkc sn nmq dkdb YfVf zbA sjfb bhD dYstb bf. kf nsÙ¶W mrfb rsk ifvsh bf; pk[B ipG§À kfvf kfslv dbsuslv dhhfl-dhnìfslv
zfïfr vnCtnmCrsj dmKAfÎfb jvfv jKf hstsYb. zfv kfv mfsbƒ dhyfvHfv skfmfv …iv ziGB bf jsv, zk}iv skfmfv dnÝf§À nìsá
rt, ˆjubsj zöDjfv jvst, njtsj zöDjfv jvf rq. kfslv msb sjfb däLf bf Kfsj ˆhQ nhGf§À}jvsB kf smsb sbq. (dbnf } 65)
htf hfùtA, sp zfrst djkfh dbsuslv bhDv iadk „mfb vfJfv lfhD dkdb nfvf dhw¶hfnDv mfbh-lfbshv ubA vnCt ˆhQ nhGswN vnCt.
ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 21 22 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
mrfb zfïfr hstb, zfmtbfmf, mDpfb, rWsp jf…Nfv, ictdnvfk, ufâfk W ufrfâfm,
 B*#Fl‫א‬:<=E١٠٧F{'   *` 4ْ ‡ ,ً  X
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< ! * %‫} و‬ mxkcAv mxkcA, mrfb zfïfrv syrfvf lwGb ƒkAfdl.
zKGf{, zfdm skf skfmfsj dhw¶uoskv iadk ðLc jv¢Bf v™siƒ siavB  swN-dlhn
jsvdY. (zfdìqf } 107) djqfmskv dlhnsj `swN-dlhn' hf `zft-qAf…mct zf-dJv' htf
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zKGf{, zfdm skf skfmfsj nmoa mfbhufdkv iadk ncnQhfllfkf W zb§À ncJ, bsy{ ufrfâfsmv z§ÀrDb zfpfh. zfv ˆ dlb rsh zsbsjv
nkjGjfvDv™si siavB jsvdY. (nfhf' } 28) ubA iÑfw rfufv hYsvv mskf lDOG, zsbsjv ubA spfrv W zfnsvv
mLAhkGDjftDb nmsqv mskf sYfe.
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 r‫א‬Ml‫א‬:<=E١٥٨F zftfmDsbv nfmsb làfqmfb rsh. dkdb hstb,
zKGf{, ht, `sr mfbcN! zfdm skfmfslv njstv ubA snƒ zfïfrv ]ٍ ْ4/
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dkdb hAkDk zbA sjfb (nkA) …ifnA sbƒ, dkdbƒ uDdhk jsvb W zKGf{, sndlb zfdm zfjfwsj Èdesq sIth, spHfsh Èefsbf rq dtdJk
mxkcA Oefb. nckvfQ zfïfrv iadk W kf]v vnCt dbv[v bhDv iadk låv; spHfsh zfdm nxdóv nCybf jsvdYtfm, snHfsh icbvfq nxdó jvh.
dhÇhfn ²¿fib jv; sp zfïfr W kf]v hfBDsk dhÇhfn jsv, ˆhQ skfmvf iadkwa¢dk iftb zfmfv jkGhA; zfdm ˆef iftb jvhƒ. (zfdìqf } 104)
kfv zbcnvB jv, pfsk skfmvf iK ifW.' (zf'vfI } 158) htf hfùtA, mvsBv iv nh djYc swN bq. mvsBv iv däkDqhfv
 vnCtosBv iadk „mfb zfbfv soZvhmq ncIt ifdKGh uDhb bq. mcndtm u¦mf§Àvhfsl dhw¶fnD rsk ifsv bf. mvsBv
1. dbsuslv iadk mrfb zfïfrv mrf zbcoasrv jKf zhok rWqf, iv zfv ˆjefƒ uDhb zfsY, snef ifvstZdjj uDhb. icbv¢Úfb Oesh
dpdb zfmfslv iadk vnCt siavB jsvsYb. ˆhQ mfbcNsj kfv jsmGv drnfh dlsk rsh. mrfb zfïfr hstb,
2. …ÙÁ zbcosa rv ðjdvqf zflfq jvf. {‫   `_ ن‬,  %* #; ْ ‫   مא‬K  F G  kE١٥F‫ ن‬+#(   Y
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4. zfmfslv vnCt -ˆv zfbcokA j'sv ƒr-ivjfst ncJD rWqf.
zKGf{,ˆviv skfmvf zhwAƒ mxkcAhvB jvsh. zk}iv djqfmskv
dlb skfmfslvsj zhwAƒ icbv¢dÚk jvf rsh. (mc'dmbCb } 15-16)
ivjfstv iadk „mfb mrfbhD  hstsYb,
mrfb zfïfr k]fv jcvzfsb ˆhQ mrfbhD  k]fv rflDsn mxkAc v iv  KZً  c :ً ‫ א‬M :ً * OX
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dlsqsYb, kf db}ns¦lsr dhw¶fn jvf. spmb jhsvv ivD[f, wfd²À W umfsqk jvf rsh. (hcJfvD-mcndtm)
wfd§À, djqfmskv dblwGbfhtD, wxÌfq Ic{jfv, dhw¶uo{ L¶Qn, iafBDv mrfb zfïfr mfbcNsj nxdó jsvsYb, ˆmdb jsvbdb. dkdb pfv ubA
icbv¢Úfb, djqfmskv rfwv, wfIfzfk hf ncifdvw, drnfh-dbjfw, mfbcNsj nxdó jsvsYb, kf sn iftb jvst kfv iadklfb ˆhQ iftb bf
ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 23 24 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
jvst kfv iadkIt slWqfv ubA icbv¢Úfsbv iasqfub zfsY. mfbcN ˆk dbjse dbsq zfnf rsh sp, zfïfr kfzftf kfv …iv dbu ilGf
iv±isvv jfsY zivfL j'sv wfd²À bf sisq ƒr-tDtf nfÌ jvsY, kfv svsJ kfv ifinmCsrv öDjfsvfdÙÁ zflfq j'sv sbshb. kfsj dusÎn
wfd²À sisk kfsj icbv¢dÚk rsk rsh. mrfb zfïfr hstb, jvshb, `ˆƒ ifi kcdm ufb dj? ˆƒ ifi dyb dj?' mc'dmb htsh, `sr
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ifisj sofib svsJdY, zfv zfu kf skfmfv ubA [mf j'sv dld¤Y.'
 ‫)ن‬%Œ{‫א‬ zk}iv kfsj kfv sbj zfmstv zfmtbfmf slWqf rsh.« (hcJfvD W mcndtm)
zKGf{, skfmvf dj msb jsvdYst sp, zfdm skfmfslvsj zbKGj nxdó 3. ufâfk W ufrfâfsmv iadk dhw¶fn vfJf. ufâfk rt icvõfsvv
jsvdY ˆhQ skfmvf zfmfv dbje iakAfhdkGk rsh bf? (mc'dmbCb } 115) zfhfn ˆhQ ufrfâfm rt dkvõfsvv zfhfn. ufâfskv zdLjfvD rsh
dkdb k]fv bhD -sj hstb, kfvf, pfvf zfïfr W k]fv vnCstv zfbcokA jsvsY. mrfb zfïfr
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zhwAƒ icbv¢dÚk rsh. zk}iv skfmvf pf jvsk, skfmfslvsj sn
nìsá zhwAƒ zhdrk jvf rsh. zfv ˆef zfïfrv is[ zdk nru.'  ,)#‫א‬
(kfofhcb } 7) zKGf{, dbÇyq pfvf „mfb zfsb W n{jmG jsv, kfvfƒ nxdóv swaô.
jfsIvvf icbv¢Úfbsj znýh msb jsv. Hfsh, msv-isy-ost mfde kfslv iadkiftsjv dbje zfsY kfslv icvõfv ²¿fqD ufâfk; pfv
rWqfv iv zfhfv jDHfsh kfslvsj uDdhk jvf rsh?! zfïfr hstb, db©bslsw blDmftf iahfdrk. snJfsb kfvf dyv²¿fqD rsh; zfïfr kfslv
‫א‬FEE٤٩F‫? ًא‬K?
ً*;ْ4/
 ‫ن‬k`   *)- ! ً** Q< ‫*ً و‬%* jM *)E
 ‫ א‬n- ! ‫ و *א‬z iadk n§Âó ˆhQ kfvfW kf]v iadk n§Âó; ˆ (iadklfb) kfv ubA, sp kfv
* F? #`K 
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‫ !و‬E٥٠F‫? ًא‬K?X
‫ً !و‬:< * UX
 iadkiftjsj Hq jsv. (hfƒdqbfr } 7-8)
 B‫א‚=א‬:<=x:A  %  ‫ ! ول‬E
  N
Q mn$ ‫א‬ dyv-ncsJv vfuA ufâfsk zfsY snƒ njt dudbn, pf sjfb y[c lwGb
jsvdb, sjfb jBG wahB jsvdb ˆhQ sjfb mfbcsNv msbW jd¬ik rqdb.
zKGf{, kfvf hst, `‚mvf zd²¿sk idvBk W yCBG-dhyCBG rstW dj
mrfb zfïfr hstb,
bkcb nxdóv™si icbv¢dÚk rh?' ht, `skfmvf rsq pfW ifKv zKhf
stfrf. zKhf ˆmb sjfb nxdó pf skfmfslv LfvBfq Jchƒ jdEb.' kfvf ‫א‬F*E
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htsh, `sj ‚mfslvsj icbv¢dÚk jvsh?' ht, `dkdbƒ dpdb  E١٧F{‫ ن‬4 ` K
skfmfslvsj iaKmhfv nxdó jsvsYb.' (hfbD ƒnaf„t } 49-51) zKGf{, sj…ƒ ufsb bf kfv ubA kfv jxkjsmGv dhdbmq öv™i bqb-
2. icbv¢Úfb W rfwsvv iv mfbcsNv jfsY drnfh sbWqf rsh. mrfb iaDdkjv dj icvõfv tcdjsq vfJf rsqsY. (nfulfr } 17)
zfïfr hstb, i[f§Àsv ufrfâfsmv zdLhfnD rsh kfvf, pfvf zfïfr W k]fv vnCstv
 ,#D*‫א‬:<=E٢٦F{ R 5 * TX
 * )# 4 M ‫ ن‬G  k E٢٥F R 5 * KG * )#  G ‫ ن‬G } zhfLAfyvB jsvsY. mrfb zfïfr hstb,
zKGf{, dbÇyqƒ kfslv iakAfhkGb zfmfvƒ dbje. zk}iv kfslv {
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drnfh oarsBv lfdqk¶ zfmfvƒ …iv. (ofdwqfr } 25-26)
 :;‫א‬E٢٤F
mrfbhD  hstb, ªdjqfmskv dlb „mfblfvsj vfêct zftfmDsbv
ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 25 26 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
zKGf{, |||||||kfrst snƒ zfocbsj Hq jv, pfv ƒáb rsh mfbcN ˆhQ nìsá zhwAƒ zhdrk jvf rsh. zfv ˆef zfïfrv is[ zdk nru.'
ifKv, zdhÇhfnDslv ubA pf ia²k  vsqsY. (hfj¶fvfr } 24) (kfofhcb } 7)
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ْ # 4ْ Q B * D
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%]p  tْ ‫} و  א‬ wvDqsk ˆv HCdvHCdv iamfB dhlAmfb.
hf²Àh zdHÎkf W …itdé äfvfW dhw¶fn jvf pfq sp, mrfb zfïfr
BA * 5 ‫א‬k* K ‫_א‬#+ T
  K‫ن‬G‫* و‬R  ‫ = א د‬R5 ‫ط‬
* X! ‫א‬i<* F'
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:<=E٢٩F{*ً;O   % e
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…lfrvB …dïdJk rsqsY.
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zKGf{, ht, `nkA skfmfslv iadkiftsjv dbje rsk nmfok;  iaKm …lfrvB }
nckvfQ pfv ƒ¤Yf dhw¶fn jv¢j W pfv ƒ¤Yf iakAfJAfb jv¢j.' ‚dm 
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    %? `5 
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idvshób jsv Kfjsh. kfvf ifbDq yfƒst kfslvsj slWqf rsh odtk
Lfkcv bAfq ifbDq; pf kfslv mcJmàt lÊ jvsh; jk dbjxó snƒ ifbDq  :;‫א‬E٥٦F{‫ و ن‬
 
 
ˆhQ jk dbjxó snƒ (zdo´v) ‚waq²¿t. (jfrXI } 29) zKGf{, pJb skfmvf hstdYst, `sr mCnf! zfmvf zfïfrsj
iakA[Hfsh bf slJf ipG§À skfmfsj jJsbf dhÇhfn jvh bf.' kJb
 zfsJvfskv iadk „mfsbv soZvhmq ncIt
skfmvf huafrk rsqdYst ˆhQ dbsuvf kf iakA[ jsvdYst. mxkcAv iv
1. ivjfst dhw¶fn jvst mfbcN zn{ jfu jvsk Hq ifsh ˆhQ n{
zfdm skfmfslvsj icbuDGdhk jvtfm, pfsk skfmvf jxkÎkf Îfib
jfu jvsk …äcÝ rsh. spsrkc kfv msb iadkIstv Hq W iadklfsbv
jv. (hfj¶fvfr } 55-56)
stfH Kfjsh.
kC¶v ifrfsV kfWvfk zfbsk pfWqfv nmq mCnf  70 ub
2. zfïfrsj pKfpK Hq jvsh ˆhQ kfv ƒhflsk msbfspfoD rsh.
3. nxdóv iadk zbAfqfyvB jvsh bf, jfvB lcdbqfsk kfv nfuf bf stfjsj nfsK dbsq dosqdYstb. iakAfhkGbjfst kfvf mCnf sj
sist zfsJvfsk zhwAƒ ifsh. htt, mrfb zfïfrsj iajfswA bf slJf ipG§À zfmvf skfmfv jKf dhw¶fn
4. zbAfqHfsh pf kfv sJfqf pfq, kf ivjfst ifWqfv zfwfq jvfv ubA ia²Âk bƒ. kfƒ wfd²À öv™i kfslv …iv huaifk rq ˆhQ
³LpGLfvsB …äcÝ rsh. kfvf mfvf pfq. zfv kfslv mxkcA iakA[ jvfv zKG rt, iaKsm pfslv
…iv huaifk rsqdYt swsNv stfsjvf kf iakA[ jvdYt ˆhQ slJsk
icbv¢Úfb znýh bq slJsk njst mxkcAv sjfst Tst iVt. zk}iv mrfb zfïfr
jfsIvvf mvsBv iv icbv¢Úfbsj zöDjfv jsv ˆhQ kf znýh kfslvsj uDdhk jvstb.
LfvBf jsv. dj§Â mc'dmbvf kf dhw¶fn jsv ˆhQ zfïfrv ubA kf Jch  däkDq …lfrvB }
nru msb jsv. mrfb zfïfr hstb,
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zKGf{, zdhw¶fnDvf LfvBf jsv sp, kfvf jJsbfƒ icbv¢dÚk rsh bf.
kcdm ht, `zhwAƒ rsh, zfmfv iadkiftsjv jnm! skfmvf zhwA- zKGf{, (n¹vB jv) pJb skfmvf ˆj hAdÙÁsj rkAf jsvdYst ˆhQ
zhwAƒ icbv¢dÚk rsh. zk}iv skfmvf pf jvsk, skfmfslvsj sn ˆsj zsbAv …iv slfNfsvfi jvdYst, zKy skfmvf pf sofib
ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 27 28 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
jvdYst, zfïfr kf iajfw jvsk yfd¤Ystb. zk}iv zfdm httfm,  ykcKG …lfrvB }
ˆdev (ofHDdev) sjfb zQw äfvf Wsj (mxk hAdÙÁsj) zfOfk jv. C#t
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ˆHfsh zfïfr mxksj uDdhk jsvb ˆhQ kf]v dblwGb skfmfslv sldJsq
Kfsjb; pfsk skfmvf hcUsk ifv. (‰ } 72-73) ‫„ * ل‬
_    E‫ * ل‬2  _` 5  k‫ * ٍم‬M, … % 2 43‫א‬2  * %P Q * R  % ? ` 5 2 43‫ @א‬n 
ˆef rkAf n©ijDGq snƒ Oebfƒ pfv jfvsB hfbD-ƒnaf„tsj ofHD Y
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pshr jvsk dbslGw slWqf rsqdYt ˆhQ ˆƒHfshƒ zfïfr snƒ rkAfv L G  j
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 *)‫א‬ ˆj dlsbv djYc zQw.' dkdb htstb, `hvQ kcdm ˆjwk h{nv (mxk
zKGf{, kcdm dj kfslv slJdb, pfvf mxkAc -Hsq rfufsv rfufsv zfib zh²¿fq) zh²¿fb jsvdYst. zKy skfmfv JflA-nfmoaD W ifbDq h²Âv
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mfbcsNv iadk zbcora wDt; dj§Â zdLjfQw stfj jxkÎkf iajfw jsv dblwGbn¶v™i jvh. zfv (ofLfv) zd²¿ocdtv iadk t[A jv, jDHfsh
bf. (‰ } 243) snocdtsj zfdm nQspfduk jdv, zk}iv mfQn äfvf sTsj dlƒ.'
ˆ Oebf dhok sjfb ufdkv. sjfb nrDr rflDsn ˆv dh²Àfdvk nckvfQ pJb ˆde kfv dbje nc±ió rt, kJb sn hst …Et, `zfdm
zfstfybf zfsndb. kInDsvv hBGbfq ˆefsj hbD-ƒnaf„tslv pcsov ufdb sp, zfïfr nhG dhNsq mrfwdÙÁmfb.' (hfj¶fvfr } 259)
Oebf htf rsqsY ˆhQ sp bhDv lczfq kfslvsj mrfb zfïfr icbvfq  iÑm …lfrvB }
uDdhk jsvdYstb, kf]v bfm `drpj¶Dt' htf rsqsY. ˆvf durfsl dbrk 
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rsq pfWqfv Hsq zKhf mrfmfvD svfsov Hsq dbsuslv Ov sKsj shv
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vs KvM 2 43‫  ! نא‬4 M ‫و א‬
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kxkDqk} zfïfr kfzftf icbvfq nxdó jvfv …iv [mkfhfb. dkdb zKGf{, zfsvf (n¹vB jv) pJb ƒhafrDm htt, `sr zfmfv iadkiftj!
nm²À mfbcNsj ‰Hfshƒ uDdhk jvshb, spHfsh kfslvsj mxkAc dlsq djHfsh kcdm mxksj uDdhk jv, zfmfsj slJfW.' dkdb htstb, `kcdm
uDdhk j'sv dlstb. (zfrnfbct hfqfb) dj ˆ dhÇhfn jv bf?' sn htt, `zhwAƒ (dhÇhfn jdv). dj§Â zfmfv
mbsj iashfL lfsbv ubA (slJsk yfƒ)!' dkdb htstb, `ksh yfvde
ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 29 30 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
ifJD Lv ˆhQ ‰ocdtsj skfmfv hwDHCk jv (kf pshrv iv ecjvf- nfulfr } 39)
ecjvf j'sv nd©mdtk jv). kfviv kfslv ˆj ˆj zQw ˆj ˆj  mLA-uo{W ivjfstv wfdmt
ifrfsV ²¿fib jv. zk}iv ‰ocdtsj Ffj lfW, (slJsh,) ‰ocdt jhsvv ivD[f, kfv zfpfh W wfd§À
la¢kodksk skfmfv dbje ˆsn …id²¿k rsh. zfv susb vfJ sp, zfïfr jhsv lfIb rWqfv iv mxk hAdÙÁv dbje lcƒub dIdvñf zfsnb
iaht ivfÛÁmwftD, iaÎfmq.' (hfj¶fvfr } 259) ˆhQ kfsj …dEsq hnfb. kfviv k]fvf kfsj kfv iadkiftj, äDb W
hf²Àh-Odek OebfhtD sKsj iamfB rq sp, mxksj icbuGDdhk jvf bhDv dhNsq duÎfnf jsvb. mc'dmb rst zfïfr kfsj muhck hfjA
zfïfrv ubA jdEb bq. ˆ YfVf „nf -ˆv mc'dupfv hAfifsvW jfstmf äfvf nht jsvb. Ist sn dEj dEj uhfh dlsk n[m rq.
iadnÝ zfsY sp, dkdb zfïfrv ƒ¤Yfq mxksj uDdhk jvskb. i[f§Àsv jfsIv hf mcbfdIj rst zfïfr kfsj ëó jsvb ˆhQ sn
 icbv¢Úfsbv pcdÙÁn©mk iamfB } ˆjde iasw´vW …Ùv dlsk n[m rq bf.
(j) pJb mfbcsNv sjfb zd²Àk¶ƒ dYt bf, kJb dkdb kfsj v™ilfb jfsIv, mcbfdIj W ififyfvDslv ubA djqfmskv drnfshv iCshGW
jsvsYb. nckvfQ sp …ßfhbjkGf iaKmhfsv dhbf bmcbfq nxdó jsvsYb, jhsv zfpfh rsh. mrfb zfïfr hstb,
dkdb dj nxdó jvf nxdósj däkDqhfv nxdó jvsk z[m rshb? mrfb ‫ ْא‬N =
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zKGf{, zfv dkdbƒ dpdb iaKmhfv nxdó jsvb, zk}iv dkdb icbhGfv
zKGf{, pdl kcdm slJsk sisk (kJbjfv zh²¿f), pJb (‰) pfstmvf
ˆsj nxdó jvshb; ˆ k]fv ubA nru. zfjfwmàtD W ixdKhDsk nshGf¤y
mxkcA p§ÃBfq Kfjsh, zfv dIdvñfoB rfk hfdVsq htsh, `skfmfslv iafB
ÈB k]fvƒ ˆhQ dkdbƒ ivfÛÁmwftD, iaÎfmq. (v™m } 27)
shv jv. zfu skfmfslvsj zhmfbbfjv wfd²À lfb jvf rsh; jfvB
(J) zbfhxdóv Ist mfsnv iv mfn zfmvf mv¢HCdmsk sjfb Ofn hf
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ofsYv dyrÁ slJsk ifƒ bf. zk}iv hxdó rst snƒ HCdm Ofn-ifkfq
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nhcu W wAfmt rsq WsE. mxk HCdmv LCdtjBfv nfsK hDusj tcdjsq
mrfb zfïfr dIvzf…sbv zbcnfvDslv n©isjG hstb,
svsJ dkdb hxdó äfvf zËcdvk jsvb. skmdbƒ dkdb mfbcsNv sjfb
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 ! mn$ ‫ نא‬G „
 5 < ‫ و‬ ˆhQ spdlb djqfmk Oesh (sndlb dIdvñfslvsj htf rsh,)
`dIvzf…b n©ialfqsj jdEb wfd²Àsk dbs[i jv.' (mc'dmb } 46)
 „4SQ:<=E٣٩F mrfbhD  zfmfslvsj ufdbsqsYb sp, jhsv zfpfh rsh. nckvfQ
zKGf{, zfv k]fv ˆjde dblwGb ˆƒ sp, kcdm HCdmsj slJsk ifW skfmvf jhsvv zfpfh sKsj ifbfr yfW. dkdb dbsuW iaskAj bfmfspv
ð°j, zk}iv zfdm Wsk hxdó hNGB jvst kf wnA-wAfmtf rsq swN ³hEsj jhsvv zfpfh sKsj zfïfrv jfsY zfwaq iafKGbf jvskb
zfs¦lfdtk W ±IDk rq; dbÇyq dpdb HCdmsj uDdhk jsvb, dkdbƒ ˆhQ nfrfhfoBsj kfv iadk …äcÝ jvskb.
uDdhk jvshb mxksj. dbÇyqƒ dkdb nhGdhNsq nhGwdÙÁmfb. (rf-mDm i[f§Àsv iCBG mc'dmbslv ubA vsqsY jhsvv wfd§À. mrfb zfïfr
ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 31 32 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
hstb, …ifdL äfvf HCdNk jvk, sn njstv msLA …Ùm …ifdL äfvf HCdNk
*$! ,  - * 4 ْ ‫ א‬R #  4M ‫ ل‬v  )+  ‫א‬%* ;+ =‫ א‬k2 4$‫) *א‬5p < ‫
 *א‬Kn$ ‫ نא‬G } j'sv hstb, `ˆef zmcsjv icÛ zmcsjv v™r.'
pk[B kfvf iaKm zfnmfb ipG§À si]ZsYb (ˆƒv™i iasw´fÙv ytsk
:<=E٣٠F{‫?و ن‬M  + )EC+$ ‫א‬, ) U
ْ *5‫وא‬
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  Z ‫א و‬Q* ^ Kfsj.) zk}iv k]fvf zfnmfsbv lvuf Jctsk yfb, zfv zmdb k]fslv
 „4SQ ubA lvuf Jcst slWqf rq. kJb iaskAj zfnmfsbv n©mfdbk
zKGf{, dbÇyq pfvf hst, `zfmfslv iadkiftj zfïfr' kfviv kfsk dIdvñfoB k]fslv iÇyflXofmD rb kfv …isvv zfnmfb ipG§À. ˆHfsh
zdhydtk Kfsj, kfslv dbje dIdvñf zhkDBG rq (ˆhQ hst), k]fvf nåm zfnmfb ipG§À si]ZsYb. ˆ nmq zfïfr kf'zftf hstb,
`skfmvf Hq sisqf bf, dyd§Àk rsqf bf ˆhQ skfmfslvsj sp ufâfskv ªzfmfv hf¦lfv dEjfbf `ƒdïqADb'-ˆ dtJ ˆhQ kfsj (kfv jhsv)
iadkwa¢dk slWqf rsqdYt kfv ncnQhfl bfW. (rf-mDm nfulfr } 30) udmsb dIdvsq dbsq pfW. sjbbf, zfdm kfslvsj udmb rsk nxdó
ˆjlf bhD  nfrfhfslv ˆj hAdÙÁv ufbfpfq shv rsq jhv J]V c sk jsvdY ˆhQ udmsbv dlsjƒ kfslvsj iakAfhdkGk jvh. zk}iv
slvD rd¤Yt hst snJfsb hsn sostb. k]fv zfsw-ifsw njt udmb rsk zfdm kfslvsj icbvfq shv jvh (rfwsvv mfsE.)« nckvfQ
nfrfhfoBW dbÇyci, LDv W wf§ÀHfsh hsn sostb. kJb mrfbhD -ˆv kfv v™rX kfv wvDsv dIdvsq slWqf rq.
rfsk ˆjde jfsEv ecjvf dYt pfv äfvf dkdb (dyd§Àk hAdÙÁslv bAfq) zk}iv kfv dbje lcƒub dIdvñf zfsnb ˆhQ kfsj …dEsq hnfb.
mfdesk lfo jfedYstb. zk}iv dkdb mfKf …Efstb ˆhQ htstb, kfviv k]fvf kfsj duÎfnf jsvb, `skfmfv vh sj?' kJb …Ùsv sn
ªskfmvf zfïfrXv dbje jhsvv zfpfh rsk ifbfrX yfW.« dkdb ˆ jKf hst, `zfmfv vh zfïfr.' zk}iv duÎfnf jsvb, `skfmfv äDb jD?'
lcƒ dj dkbhfv htstb. kfviv htstb, mcdmb hf¦lf pJb lcdbqfsj kJb sn hst, `zfmfv äDb rt ƒntfm.' zfhfv k]fvf kfsj duÎfnf
kAfo jvsk ˆhQ zfsJvfskv dlsj zoanv rsk Kfsj, kJb kfv jsvb, `skfmfslv mfsU dpdb siadvk rsqdYstb dkdb sj?' sn …Ùsv
dbje zfnmfb rsk …϶t syrfvfdhdwó ˆjlt dIdvñf zfsnb; pfslv hst, `dkdb rstb zfïfrv vnCt.' icbvfq k]fvf kfsj duÎfnf jsvb,
syrfvf spb nCpGöv™i. kfslv nfsK shsrwXskv jfIbnmCsrv ˆjde `kcdm kf dj j'sv ufbsk ifvst?' sn hst, `zfdm zfïfrv djkfh
jfIb (jfiV) Kfsj ˆhQ shsrsñv sJfwhcnmCsrv ˆj vjm sJfwhc isVdYtfm. zk}iv k]fv iadk „mfb ˆsbdYtfm ˆhQ k]fsj nkAhflD
Kfsj. k]fvf kfv dbje rsk lxdó-nDmfv lCsv hsnb. zk}iv mftfjct hst dhÇhfn jsvdYtfm.' kJb zfnmfsbv dlj rsk ˆj wèjfvD wè
m…k kfv dbjse zfsnb ˆhQ kfv mfKfv dbjse hsn hstb, `sr idhÛ jsvb, ªzfmfv hf¦lf nkA hstsY. nckvfQ kfv ubA shsrsñv ˆjde
v™r (zfk¹f)! shv rsq ˆn zfïfrv [mf W ns§ÀfsNv dlsj.' dhYfbf dhdYsq lfW ˆhQ kfsj shsrsñv ˆjde sthfn idvsq lfW. ˆ
kJb kfv v™r snƒ vjm (nrsu) shv rsq zfsn; sp vjm (nrsu) YfVf kfv ubA shsrsñv dlsj ˆjde lvuf Jcst lfW!«
mwj rsk ifdb shv rsq zfsn. kJb mftfjct mfWk kf oarB jsvb kJb kfv iadk shsrsñv ncJ-wfd§À W shsrsñv sJfwhc zfnsk Kfsj
ˆhQ ˆj mcrCskGv ubAW dbsuv rfsk vfsJb bf hvQ ‰ njt ˆhQ kfv ubA kfv jhv lxdónDmf hvfhv iaw²À j'sv slWqf rq.
zsi[mfB dIdvñf ˆsn kf oarB jsvb ˆhQ ‰ jfIb W ‰ sJfwhcsk zk}iv kfv dbje ˆj nc¦lv syrfvfdhdwó ncshwD W ncodápcÙÁ hAdÙÁ
vfsJb. kJb kf rsk ixdKhDsk iafå nm²À sJfwhc zsi[f …Ùm zfsn ˆhQ kfsj hst, `skfmfsj n§Âó jvsh ˆmb dudbsnv ncnQhfl
dmwXsjv sJfwhc shv rsk Kfsj. oarB jv. ˆƒ dlhsnvƒ skfmfsj Wqflf slWqf rsqdYt.' kJb sn
kf dbsq dIdvñfoB …isv …Esk Kfsjb ˆhQ pJbƒ k]fvf dIdvñfslv kfsj duÎfnf jvsh, `kcdm sj? skfmfv syrfvf skf slJhfv mk
msLA sjfb dIdvñflstv dbje si]ZsYb k]fvf duÎfnf jsvb, `ˆƒ idhÛ syrfvf! kf spb jtAfsBv hfkGf hrb jsv.' kJb sn hst, `zfdm
v™r (zfk¹f) jfv?' kJb k]fvf lcdbqfsk kfsj stfsjvf sp njt skfmfv sbj zfmt; pf kcdm lcdbqfsk jvsk.' kJb ˆ hst, `sr
zfïfr! kfVfkfdV djqfmk jfsqm jv! pfsk zfdm zfmfv idvhfv W
ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 33 34 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
n©islv dlsj dIsv spsk ifdv. (zKGf{ ùv, dotmfb W shsrwXkD kJb zfïfr kfzftf hstb, ªkfv dEjfbf `dnÏDb'-ˆ dtJ;
n©il kfVfkfdV sisk ifdv).' udmsbv nhGdbm´ ²Àsv. nckvfQ kfv v™rsj udmsb Jch sufsv dbs[i jvf
dj§Â jfsIv hf¦lf, pJb sn lcdbqf kAfo jvsk W zfsJvfskv dlsj rq. ˆ nmq mrfbhD  ˆv nmKGsb ˆƒ zfqfkde ifE jvstb,
zoanv rsk Kfsj, kJb kfv dbje zfnmfb rsk ˆjlt jfstf ‫   ! و‬# N
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syrfvfdhdwó dIdvñf zhkDBG rb. p]fslv nfsK wÙÁ ye Kfsj. k]fvf kfv
dbje rsk lxdóv nDmfv lCsv hsnb. zk}iv mftfjct-mfWk zfsnb  œƒ‫א‬:<=E٣١F{]ٍ #t=
‫ * ٍن‬% CQ‘ K(‫א‬2 5 mR 
ˆhQ kfv mfKfv dbjse hsnb. zk}iv hstb, `sr JhDn v™rX (zfk¹f)! zKGf{, sp zfïfrv nfsK wvDj jsvsY sn spb zfjfw rsk isVsY,
shv rsq zfq zfïfrv svfsNv dlsj.' zk}iv ifJD kfsj sY]f smsv dbsq sosY zKhf UÔf kfsj hù lCsv
ˆ nmq v™rX Hsq kfv wvDsv ˆdlj-sndlj iftfsk Kfsj. kJb dbd[å jsvsY. (rfÏ } 31)
mftfjct mfWk kfsj ˆmbHfsh sesb shv jsvb, spmb stfrfv ovm nckvfQ kfv v™rX kfv slsr dIdvsq slWqf rq. kJb kfv dbje
wtfjf dHsu iwm rsk sesb shv jvf rq. (zfv kfsk iwm stso lcƒub dIdvñf zfsnb ˆhQ kfsj …dEsq hnfb. zk}iv k]fvf kfsj
Kfsj.) kJb dkdb kf oarB jsvb. dj§Â pJb oarB jsvb mcrCkGjfstv duÎfnf jsvb, `skfmfv ivWqfvslofv sj?' sn hst, `rfq, rfq, zfdm
ubAW dbsuv rfsk vfsJb bf. hvQ kf zsi[mfB dIdvñfoB skf ufdb bf.' zk}iv duÎfnf jsvb, `skfmfv äDb jD?' sn hst,
kfVfkfdV snƒ zfk¹fsj lcoGámq yse udVsq sbb. kJb kf rsk ˆmb `rfq, rfq, zfdm skf ufdb bf.' kfviv duÎfnf jsvb, `skfmfslv
lcoGá shv rsk Kfsj, pf ixdKhDsk iafå nm²À odtk whslsrv lcoGá msLA dpdb siadvk rsqdYstb, dkdb sj?' sn hst, `rfq, rfq zfdm kfW
zsi[f shwD. kf dbsq k]fvf …Esk Kfsjb. dj§Â pJbƒ k]fvf kf dbsq skf ufdb bf.'
dIdvñfslv sjfb lstv dbje si]ZsYb kf]vf duÎfnf jsvb, `ˆƒ JhDn ˆ nmq zfjfswv dlj rsk zfjfw hfBD rq (ˆj sOfNBfjfvD sOfNBf
v™rX jfv?' kJb k]fvf kfsj lcdbqfsk sp njt m¦l …ifdL äfvf HCdNk jsvb), `sn dmKAf hstsY. nckvfQ kfv ubA slfpsJv dhYfbf dhdYsq
jvf rk kfv msLA nhGfsi[f m¦l bfmde äfvf HCdNk j'sv hstb, lfW ˆhQ slfpsJv dlsj ˆjde lvuf Jcst lfW.
`zmcsjv icÛ zmcsjv.' nckvfQ kfv dlsj slfpsJv …Ùfi W tc zfnsk Kfsj ˆhQ kfv jhv
ˆƒHfsh kfsj iaKm zfnmfb ipG§À dbsq pfWqf rq. zk}iv kfv kfv iadk ˆk nQjcdyk rsq pfq; pfsk kfv ˆj dlsjv i]fusvv rfV
ubA zfnmfsbv lvuf Jcst dlsk yfWqf rq; dj§Â Jcst slWqf rq bf. ˆ ziv dlsj Tcsj pfq. ˆ nmq kfv dbje ˆjef zdk jc{dnk
nmq bhD  ˆv nmKGsb jcvzfsbv zfqfkde ifE jvstb, syrfvfdhdwó sbfQvfshwD lcoGápcÙÁ stfj zfsn ˆhQ hst, `skfmfsj

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Kn $ ‫ نא‬G } lc}dJk jvsh ˆmb dudbsnv lc}nQhfl oarB jv! ˆƒ dlhn n©isjGƒ
(lcdbqfsk) skfmfsj Wqflf slWqf rk.' kJb sn duÎfnf jsv, `kcdm
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 ْ ‫=  (א‬CQ  U
ْ ‫ œא‬4K L+X
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 ‫א‬ sj? dj jc{dnk skfmfv syrfvf; pf m¦l nQhfl hrb jsv!' sn hst,
 {' %  U
  ْ ‫א‬mvU
 F `zfdm skfmfv snƒ hl zfmt; pf kcdm lcdbqfsk jvsk.' kJb sn hst,
zKGf{, zhwAƒ pfvf zfmfv dblwGbfhtDsj dmKAf hst ˆhQ zrQjfsv `zfïfr! djqfmk jfsqm jsvf bf. (bsy{ kJb zfmfv …ifq Kfjsh
kf sKsj mcJ dIdvsq sbq, kfslv ubA zfjfswv äfv …¦mcÙÁ jvf rsh bf.) (zfrmfl 4/287-288, zfhc lf…l 4753bQ)
bf ˆhQ kfvf shsrsñW iashw jvsk ifvsh bf; pk[B bf nCsyv ƒhsb zfêfn  rsk hdBGk, ˆjlf vfnCtcïfr  lcsef jhsvv ifw
dYlaisK …e iashw jsv. ˆv™si zfdm zivfLDslvsj iadkIt dlsq dlsq zdkÛÁm jvfv nmq htstb, ª‰ lcƒ jhvhfnDv zfpfh rs¤Y.
Kfdj. (zf'vfI } 40) zhwA Wslvsj sjfb hV Lvsbv zivfL (hf sjfb jdEb jfsuv) ubA
zfpfh slWqf rs¤Y bf.« (kfviv htstb,) ªr]Af, zivfL skf hVƒ
ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 35 36 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
dYt. Wslv ˆjub (stfsjv) ycotD j'sv shVfk. zfv zivub ufbskb sp, kf Oesh ˆhQ kf Oest jD v™i dbsq Oesh.
siwfshv dYef sKsj h]fyk bf.« (hcJfvD) 2. ˆƒ dhw¶fn vfJf sp, mrfb zfïfr sn nh kjlDsvv jKf `tWsr
 pcdÙÁv dbjsN jhsvv zfpfh
mfrICp'-ˆ dtsJ svsJsYb. mrfb zfïfr hstb,
jhv skf nQjDBG ˆjde okG. ivhkGDsk kf hcsuW pfq. snJfsb 
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…dïdJk swaBDv zfpfh W wfd§À jDHfsh nýh?  œƒ‫א‬:<=E٧٠F{y sT  K 2 4$‫א‬L 4M Y
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zfnst jhv ˆjde zlxwA uo{. pfsj zfmvf mLA-uo{ hst Kfdj. zKGf{, kcdm dj ufsbf bf sp, zfjfw W ixdKhDsk pf djYc vsqsY
kfv msLA mxk hAdÙÁv zfpfh W wfd§Àv …imf ˆjde Ocm§À hAdÙÁv mskf, zfïfr kf zhok zfsYb? ˆ nhƒ dtdihÝ zfsY ˆj djkfsh.
sp sYfÕ ˆjef Jfse Ocdmsq Kfsj ˆhQ ösi´v dhwft uosk dhyvB j'sv zhwAƒ ˆef zfïfrv dbje nru. (rfÏ } 70)
shVfq. ösi´ ncJ ifq, jó ifq, dj§Â hfƒsvv stfsj kf ufbsk ifsv

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bf. zfv snW hfƒsvv stfsjv zh²¿f nìsá zÎfk Kfsj. ifdKGh uo{
W mLA uoskv mfsU vsqsY dyv²¿fqD ilGf.  ?K?ƒ‫א‬:<=E٢٢F{y sT
 K 2 4$‫א‬L 4M Y  ‫ ن ذ‬G * !   F ‫(
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zKGf{, ixdKhDsk zKhf hAdÙÁokHfsh skfmfslv …iv sp dhipGq
kjlDv hf HfsoAv Hft-ms¦lv zfsn, zfmfv kf nQOdek jvfv iCshGƒ kf dtdihÝ Kfsj, dbÇyq
iadk „mfb zfïfrv is[ kf Jchƒ nru. (rflDl } 22)
3. ˆƒ dhw¶fn vfJf sp, nfvf nxdó-uo{ zfïfrv ƒ¤YfLDb. dkdb pf
kjlDsvv iadk „mfsbv zKG ˆƒ dhw¶fn sp, mrfb zfïfr iaskAj
jsvb, kf zhwAƒ k]fv ƒ¤Yf zbcpfqD. dkdb hstb,
dudbsnv nxdójkGf W iadkiftj. dkdb nhfv zh²¿f nìsá iChG sKsjƒ
idvÎfk. nckvfQ dkdb dbu Îfb zbcpfqD njstv Oebf-Oeb iChG 2 4$‫ * نא‬t =
 :  # ^
 ْ ‫ א‬R  ‫* ن‬E
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sKsjƒ dbLGfdvk jsvsYb ˆhQ kf dtsJ svsJsYb. dkdb pf sysqsYb,  “S;‫א‬:<=E٦٨F{‫ ن‬E   K *M L * ` ‫ و‬
kfƒ OsesY. pf yfbdb, kf Osedb. dkdb pf yfs¤Yb, kfƒ OesY. pf yfb zKGf{, skfmfv iadkiftj pf ƒ¤Yf nxdó jsvb ˆhQ pfsj ƒ¤Yf
bf, kf Ose bf. dkdb pf yfƒshb, kfƒ Oesh. pf yfƒshb bf, kf Oesh msbfbDk jsvb, ˆsk Wslv sjfb ˆJdkqfv sbƒ. zfïfr idhÛ, mrfb
bf. zhwA hf¦lfv dbuö ƒ¤Yf W ˆJdkqfv zfsY, ksh kf zfïfrv ˆhQ Wvf pfsj zQwD jsv, kf rsk dkdb †sL¶G. (j¶fn¶fn } 68)
ƒ¤Yfv zbchkGD. zfv Hft-m¦l nxdó pf jsv, kfW k]fvƒ ƒ¤YfbcpfqD Ose. mrfb zfïfr
dkdb dbu drjmk zbcpfqD pfsj ƒ¤Yf nciKofmD W ncJD jsvb, dj§Â hstb,
kf kfv iadk zbcora j'sv jsvb. zfv pfsj ƒ¤Yf dhiKofmD W
 B*T)‫א‬:<=E٩٠F{ E
 4 * ;4 Q 
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dhiloa²À jsvb, dj§Â kf kfv iadk ƒbnfI hufq svsJƒ jsvb.
hf¦lfv Hft-ms¦lv hAfifsv dkdb pfstm bb ˆhQ hf¦lfsj sjfb zKGf{, zfïfr ƒ¤Yf jvst kfslvsj skfmfslv …iv zfdLikA lfb
jfsu hfLA jsvb bf. kjlDsvv Hft-m¦l nh djYcƒ k]fv i[ sKsj jvskb ˆhQ dbÇyq kfvf skfmfslv nfsK pcÝ jvk. (dbnf } 90)
zfsn. zfv dkdb pf jsvb, kf hf¦lfv mÌstv ubA jsvb. dj§Â zsbj 4. ˆƒ dhw¶fn vfJf sp, njt h²Â dkdbƒ nxdó jsvsYb. zfv ˆ jfsu
nmq hf¦lf kf hcUsk ifsv bf. dkdb mrfwdÙÁmfb. nckvfQ dkdb iaskAj jkGf W kfv jmGsj nxdó
jsvsYb, iaskAj dhyvBwDt h²Â W kfv dhyvB-[mkfsj nxdó jsvsYb
 kjlDsvv iadk „mfsb yfvde dhNq z§ÀHGcÙÁ ˆhQ iaskAj d²¿dkwDt h²Â W kfv d²¿dkwDtkfsj nxdó jsvsYb. mrfb
1. ˆƒ dhw¶fn vfJf sp, mrfb zfïfr iaskAjde dhNq, h²Â W hAdÙÁ zfïfr hstb,
nìsá dh²Àfdvk, nfdhGj W dyv§Àb Îfb vfsJb. dkdb djYc Oefv zfsoW
ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 37 38 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
:<=E٦٢F{s #E‫ و‬BA C
  D( EL 4M  ‫ و‬BA C
  D( E
 ]  * /2 4$‫}א‬  E٢٨٦F{„   T
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 %v‫א‬ zKGf{, zfïfr jf…sjW kfv nfsLAv zdkdvÙÁ lfdqk¶ ziGB jsvb
zKGf{, zfïfr nm²À djYcv naóf ˆhQ dkdb nm²À djYcv jmGdhLfqj. bf. sp Hft …ifuGb jvsh sn kfv (iadklfb ifsh) ˆhQ sp m¦l
(pcmfv } 62) …ifuGb jvsh, sn kfv (iadkIt ifsh). (hfj¶fvfr } 286)
 ‫*ن‬O‫א‬:<=E٢F{‫א‬iK?;ْ  @ < ? ; Q BA C
D
 E
 ] 4 / ‫} و‬ hf²Àsh zfmvf ufdb sp, mfbcN dbsuv ƒ¤Yfsk jmG j'sv Kfsj, Hft hf
m¦l iK dbsuƒ shsY sbq. zhwA djYc jfu zfsY, pf kfv ƒ¤Yfv hfƒsv
zKGf{, dkdb nm²À djYc nxdó jsvsYb ˆhQ iaskAjsj psKfdyk Ose. spmb svfo-hftf ƒkAfdl. ksh kfv ƒ¤Yf W zdb¤Yfv njt jmG
zfjxdk lfb jsvsYb. (Icvj¶fb } 2) snƒ mrfb iadkiftsjv ƒ¤Yfv zbcofmD. spsrkc nfvf nxdóv …iv k]fvƒ
 e*Q*S‫א‬:<=E٩٦F{‫ ن‬4 `  * %‫  و‬  ; 4 /
2 4$‫}و א‬ nhGmq jkGk x ¶ yst ˆhQ nh djYc k]fvƒ mfdtjfbfLDb. jfsuƒ k]fv
zKGf{, iajk
x is[ zfïfrƒ skfmfslvsj nxdó jsvsYb ˆhQ skfmvf vfusk¶ k]fv Îfb, ùjcm, ƒ¤Yf W zbcmdkv hfƒsv sjfb djYcƒ Oesk
sp jmG jv kf-W.' (n¶fIXIfk } 96) ifsv bf. dkdb hstb,
 hf¦lfv ƒ¤Yf-wdÙÁ 2 $4‫א‬B*  K‫*! ن‬$G ‫ *  *—و ن‬%‫ و‬E٢٨F #;+ T
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sp, hf¦lfv sjfb ƒ¤Yf W ˆJdkqfv sbƒ. hvQ hf¦lfv dbuö ˆJdkqfv zKGf{, skfmfslv msLA sp nvt isK ytsk yfq kfv ubA. zfv
zfsY. mrfb zfïfr hstb, dhw¶ufrfsbv iadkiftj zfïfrv ƒ¤Yf hAkDk skfmvf sjfbƒ ƒ¤Yf
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ْ ‫} و  א‬ jvsk ifv bf. (kfjhDv } 28-29)
 R ‫א‬  kjlDv ifsiv ltDt bq
zKGf{, ht, `nkA skfmfslv iadkiftsjv dbje rsk nmfok; zfïfrv ƒ¤Yf YfVf ifi Ose bf, kfv mfsb ˆƒ bq sp, ifi jvst
nckvfQ pfv ƒ¤Yf dhw¶fn jv¢j W pfv ƒ¤Yf iakAfJAfb jv¢j.' (jfrXI } 29) kfv wfd²À rsh bf. spsrkc hf¦lf ifi jsv dbsuv ƒ¤Yfq. zkˆh kfv
:<=E١٩F{*ً4#=
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 n  @ n  ‫ ن‬G } wfd²À sn sHfo jvsh. zhwA zfïfr yfƒst sn ifi Oek bf, sn jKf
ök§Ã. mrfb zfïfr hstb,
 %v{‫א‬
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zKGf{, ˆef ˆj …islw. zkˆh pfv ƒ¤Yf sn kfv iadkiftsjv iK
zhtìb jv¢j. (mcpXpfd©mt } 19)   * )=
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zKGf{, ‰ dlb ncdbdÇyk, zkˆh pfv ƒ¤Yf sn kfv iadkiftsjv jfsY  ‫`*م‬Fl‫א‬:<=E١٤٨F{‫^  ن‬
 
zfwaq oarB jv¢j. (bfhf' } 39) zKGf{, pfvf zQwD ²¿fib jsvsY kfvf zdysvƒ htsh, `zfïfr pdl
 
5*+‫א‬:<=E١٦F{‫`א‬#|! ‫= `א و‬  ‫ و א‬+ ` N
+ =
 ‫ *א‬%2 4$‫ * ;אא‬Q} ƒ¤Yf jvskb, kfrst zfmvf W zfmfslv iChGicv¢Nvf zQwD ²¿fib
zKGf{, skfmvf zfïfrsj pKfnfLA Hq jv ˆhQ swfsbf, zfbcokA jv. jvkfm bf ˆhQ sjfb djYcƒ dbdNÝW jvkfm bf.' ˆHfsh kfslv
(kfofhcb } 16) iChGhkDGoBW dmKAf msb jsvdYt, zhswsN kfvf zfmfv wfd²À sHfo
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K Z } jsvdYt. ht, `skfmfslv dbje sjfb pcdÙÁ zfsY dj? Kfjst zfmfslv
ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 39 40 ---------------------------- ilGfv dhLfb
dbje kf siw jv. skfmvf wcLc LfvBfvƒ zbcnvB jv ˆhQ wcLc * %L 4M ‫=א‬ Pْ  * 4#
 E٢٢Fy sT K 2 4$‫א‬L 4M Y  ‫ ن ذ‬G * !   F ‫(
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  * Q
kjlDv W zfïfrv ƒ¤Yfƒ pdl mfbcsNv ltDt rskf, kfrst ifi jvst
dkdb kfsj wfd²À dlskb bf ˆhQ mfbcsNv drlfqfskv ubA vnCt-djkfh  ?K?ƒ‫א‬:<=E٢٣F
ifEfskb bf. mrfb zfïfr vnCt siavsBv pcdÙÁ hBGbf j'sv hstb, zKGf{,ˆef ˆ ubA sp, skfmvf pf rfdvsqY kfsk spb skfmvf dhmNG bf
rW ˆhQ pf dkdb skfmfslvsj dlsqsYb kfv ubA zfbd¦lk bf rW.
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‫א‬ivKvM 2 43‫ * نא‬E‫=  و‬
 p ‫א‬ zfïfrv vnCt  hstb, ªmcdmsbv hAfifvefƒ zfÇypGubj. kfv
zKGf{, zfdm ncnQhflhfrD W nkjGjfvD vnCt siavB jsvdY; pfsk iadkde jfsu kfv ubA mÌt vsqsY. ˆef mc'dmb hAkDk zbA jfsvf
vnCt (zfnfv) iv zfïfrv dhv¢sÝ mfbcsNv sjfb zdHspfo bf Kfsj. ubA bq. nckvfQ kfv ncJ ˆst zfïfrv jxkÎkf iajfw jsv. Ist
zfv zfïfr iaht ivfÛÁmwftD, mrfÎfbD. (dbnf } 165) ˆef kfv ubA mÌtmq rq. zfv lc}J si]ZYst sn SLpG LfvB jsv. Ist
iajfw Kfsj sp, mrfb zfïfrv ƒvflf W ƒ¤Yf lcƒ iajfv } jWdbqAfr ˆefW kfv ubA mÌtmq rq.« (mcndtm)
W wfvX„qAfr.  kjlDsvv iadk „mfb zfbfv hAfifsv ëó lc'de
dIvzf…b „mfb zfbcj---ˆ ƒ¤Yf dYt wfv„qAfr (wvqD ƒ¤Yf). kfƒ dIjGfr
dkdb mCnf W rfv™bsj kfv jfsY ifdEsqdYstb. dj§Â jWdbqAfr ˆ hAfifsv zfrst ncâfrv zfj¶Dlfr-dhsvfLD lc'de ëó dIjGfr vsqsY}-
(nxdóok ƒ¤Yf)sk yfbdb, kfƒ sn „mfb zfsbdb. 1. ufhfdvqAfr } pfvf kjlDsv dhw¶fnD ˆhQ klhDsv dhw¶fnD bq. ˆvf
spmb k]fv ùjcmW jWbD zfsY. ˆ ùjcsm `jcb' htst nh djYc rsk hst, nh djYc HfoA zbcpfqD Ose, HfsoAv dtJb zbcpfqD Hft-m¦l
hfLA. dj§Â wvqD ùjcm rq …islwmCtj. kfƒ `bfmfp iV'---ˆ ùjcm njt jfu jvsk mfbcN hfLA. kfsk kfv sjfb ƒ¤Yf W ˆJdkqfv Kfsj
Kfjf nsÙ¶W zdLjfQw stfj bfmfp isV bf. bf. mfbcN jstv ofdV hf ickcstv mskf. ytf hf bfyfv sjfb [mkf kfv
 kjlDsvv iadk „mfb zfbfv soZvhmq ncIt dbuö bq.
1. hf¦lf zfïfrv …iv iCBG Hvnf vfJsk ifsv. spsrkc dkdbƒ 2. j¶flfdvqAfr } pfvf kjlDsv dhw¶fnD bq, sjht klhDsv dhw¶fnD.
iaskAj jfpG W jfvsBv nxdójkGf. kfvf HfsoAv dtJbsj zöDjfv jsv ˆhQ LfvBf jsv sp, hf¦lfv jfsu
2. hf¦lf dbu r™lsq öd²À W iawfd§À tfH jsv, pJb sn dhw¶fn vfsJ zfïfrv ƒ¤Yf-zdb¤Yfv sjfb iaHfh sbƒ.
sp, iaskAj dudbn k]fvƒ ƒ¤Yf W dbqdk zbcpfqD OesY. i[f§Àsv zfrst ncâfr ˆ hAfifsv ˆhQ njt hAfifsvƒ mLAmi§¿D.
3. sjfb zfwf iCBG rst zKhf sjfb n{jfpG n©iflb jvst msb ohG k]fvf kjlDsv dhw¶fnD ˆhQ klhDsvW dhw¶fnD. spsrkc wvDqk …Hqsjƒ
zfsn bf. jfvB sp mÌt hf¦lfv tfH rq, kf zfïfrvƒ dbLGfvB zbcnfsv öDjxdk dlsqsY.
rq. nckvfQ sn kJb k]fvƒ jxkÎkf jsv ˆhQ ohG huGb jsv. nckvfQ hf¦lfv ƒ¤Yf W ˆJdkqfv nfhA²À j'sv mrfb zfïfr hstb,
4. sjfb zfwf iCBG bf rst zKhf zjtAfB Oest msbv lcdÇy§Àf, :<=E١٥٢F{:  /0‫ ?א‬KK 
%
 )%‫* و‬# F ?p ‫ ?א‬KK 
% )%}
zd²¿vkf W …säo zfsn bf. spsrkc hf¦lf ufsb sp, pf OesY, kf
zfïfrv i[ sKsj OesY. nckvfQ sn kfsk ³LpG LfvB j'sv nWqfshv  ‫אن‬M‫&ل‬
zfwf jsv. zKGf{, skfmfslv jkj stfj ƒrjft sysqdYt ˆhQ jkj stfj
mrfb zfïfr hstb, ivjft sysqdYt. (zfst ƒmvfb } 152)

A * +E
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ilGfv dhLfb ----------------------------- 41
iVst kfsj shLVj mfvsk ðv¢ jvt. ²ÃD htt, `kcdm zfmfsj mfvY
sjb? zfmfv jifst dYt hstƒ skf zfdm hAdHyfv jsvdY. kfsk
zfmfv slfN jD?'
öfmD htt, `kcdm mfv JfW. skfmfv jifst dYt hstƒ skf zfdm
skfmfsj mfvdY. kfsk zfmfv slfN jD?'
i[f§Àsv pfvf kjlDv W zfïfrv ƒ¤Yfsj zöDjfv jsv, kfvfW
iKëó. spsrkc mrfb zfïfr hstb,
 R  B*
*% ?  ` 5 
%( ?  ` 5 
% 
Kn $ ‫  א‬+ + ْ ‫*א‬% 2  43‫א‬B*D
   ‫} و‬
2 34‫א‬B* D  ‫  و‬O E

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 % R)  Q ‫ ْא‬O 4 + /
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א‬
  ‫ و‬e
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 :;‫א‬:<=E٢٥٣F{? KK * % ` Oْ K 2 43‫ 
א‬   ‫ ْא و‬4+ + ْ ‫ *א‬%
zKGf{, pdl zfïfr ƒ¤Yf jvskb, kfrst kfslv (bhDslv) ivhkGD
stfsjvf---kfslv dbje nc±ió iamfB zfnfv isv---ifv±idvj
UoVf-dhhfl (pcÝ) jvk bf. dj§Â kfvf mksHl Oefstf, Ist kfslv
djYc (stfj) dhÇhfn jvt ˆhQ djYc zdhÇhfn jvt. zfv zfïfr ƒ¤Yf
jvst kfvf pcÝ-dhoasr dtå rskf bf, dj§Â zfïfr pf ƒ¤Yf kfƒ jsv
Kfsjb. (hfj¶fvfr } 253)
‫ ن‬P  4% P  C()% ‫  ]א ْ;   ل‬X
 
  ‫" ? א * و‬
ٍ Oْ F  E
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   ‫} و‬
 :?UT‫א‬:<=E١٣F{' `  
 ! ‫س‬
 *)‫و א‬, ) U
 ْ ‫
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zKGf{, zfdm ƒ¤Yf jvst iaskAj hAdÙÁsj n{isK idvyfdtk
jvkfm. dj§Â zfmfv ˆ jKf pKfKG nkA, zfdm dbÇyqƒ mfbh W lfbh
…Hq äfvf ufrfâfm iCBG jvh. (nfulfr } 13)
zfv dhshjW kfƒ hst sp, nfvf nxdó snƒ naófv lfnfbclfn. zfv sjfb
lfsnv is[ dj ˆef nýh sp, iaHvc zfÎf, zbcmdk hf smZb-n©mdk
YfVf sjfbW jmG jvsh?
ÎfkhA sp, dhw¶-vybfv iÑfw rfufv hYv zfso kjlDv stJf
rsqsY. mfkxosHG ë™sBv jifst snZHfoA-lcHGfoA W v¢pD-mvB stJf rq.
spmb wshjlsv hf{ndvj HfoA dtdihÝ jvf rq.

nmfå
 

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