Architectural, Engineering And

Planning Appreciation

Course Code: CE 1212

Lecture No: 01

Presented by-
Nadira Islam Nila
Lecturer, Department of Civil Engineering
Northern University of Business & Technology Khulna
 What is Architecture?
Architecture, the art and technique of designing and building, as distinguished
from the skills associated with construction.

The characteristics that distinguish a work of architecture from other built

structures are -
(1)The suitability of the work to use by human beings in general and the
adaptability of it to particular human activities,
(2) The stability and permanence of the work’s construction, and
(3) The communication of experience and ideas through its form.
If the function is chiefly utilitarian, as in a factory, communication is of less
importance.

If the function is chiefly expressive, as in a monumental tomb, utility is a minor

concern. In some buildings, such as churches and city halls, utility and
communication may be of equal importance.

 What is Architectural Engineering?

Architectural engineers apply practical and theoretical knowledge to the
engineering design of buildings and building systems. The goal is to engineer
high-performance buildings that are sustainable, resilient, economically viable,
that ensure the safety, health, comfort, and productivity of occupants.
Uniting scientific principles from structural, mechanical, electrical, lighting,
acoustical, and construction engineering, architectural engineers apply their
discipline-specific expertise to conceptualize, design, construct, operate and
maintain built environments in interdisciplinary team environments.

Architectural engineers have a lasting impact on society. Because people spend

86% of their time in indoors, architectural engineers concentrate on indoor
building environments that prioritize the human condition and well-being of society.
They also promote sustainable practices by lowering energy consumption and
occupants’ carbon footprint, so much so that architectural engineering has been
identified as the discipline with the highest potential to combat climate change.
 Energy Consumption by Buildings

The major areas of energy consumption in buildings are -

 Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning—35% of total building energy;
 Lighting—11%;
 Major appliances (water heating, refrigerators and freezers, dryers)—18%
 The remaining 36% in miscellaneous areas including electronics.
 Importance of Architectural Engineering
A. For Society

 Cultural Representation
 Architecture Shapes a Community
 Reflects Societal Development

B. For Modern world

 Ensures Quality of Life

 Flow of Economy
 Architecture Attracts Tourists
 Revolutionizing the World
 Become Trademarks
 Purpose of Architecture
The purpose of architecture is to document human footprints on earth in physical form.
The buildings of a place reflect the culture of the area. It is designed in a way that it
can narrate the stories of the people of that place far in the future.

Moreover, architecture serves the purpose of constructing buildings that are reflective
of the climate and weather of a place, protect people from harsh weather, and
make their lives easy.

 Top 3 Issues Facing Architecture

 Collaborative processes leave much to be desired.

 Tools for BIM creation and sharing need improvement.
 Trust is imperative.
 Different Types of Architect
Architects are professionals who design and create man-made structures of all kinds.
While most people are familiar with the idea of an architect who designs buildings,
there are several different architecture types. The most notable of these are:

•Building architects
•Landscape architects
•Naval architects
 Difference between Civil Engineer & Architect
 The main difference between an architect and an engineer is that the architect
concentrates more on the art of designing a building, while the engineer
concentrates more on the technical and structural side. An architect takes care to
make the building aesthetically pleasing, while an engineer ensures that the building
is functional and safe.
 While the civil engineer is involved in the design process, the architect assumes the
main role in the design of the building. The architect designs the structure taking
into account the needs and requirements of the client. The engineer designs the
building according to the architect’s design, which includes electrical drawings,
statics, plumbing, etc.
 Architects initiate and develop the design, including work on shape, color and
interior design, while civil engineering experts analyze and work to find ways to
make the design possible.
 How does construction affect the Environment?
The construction sector contributes to –

 23% of air pollution,

 40% of drinking water pollution, and
 50% of landfill wastes.

 Natural Resources

The construction sector is one of the largest exploiters of resources, with half of them
being non-renewable. According to the World Watch Institute, the industry consumes
40% of the world's usage in raw stones, gravel and sand and 25% of its virgin wood
per year.
 Biodiversity

Noise and light pollution heavily impact wildlife, especially bats, badgers and birds,
by disturbing their natural day cycle. However, it is only a part of a much more complex
problem. Construction work also has long term effects on wildlife. To mention just a
few:
•Air and Water pollution
•Hydrological impacts
•Isolation
•Populations Fragmentation
Atmosphere
When it comes to air pollution, every action matters as the production of dioxide gases
is one of the main factors causing global warming. The construction sector is
responsible for 39% of energy and process-related carbon dioxide emissions. This
high percentage stems from actions on the construction site, transportation, and the
manufacturing of building materials.

PM10 is created from cement, wood or stone and is often invisible to the naked eye.
Carried for long distances and extended time, this dust can cause serious health
problems for humans and animals.

N:B: PM10 describes inhalable particles, with diameters that are generally 10
micrometers and smaller.
  Waste
Construction generates a massive amount of waste because it relies on fast, cheap
solutions that need to be replaced every year or even every few months. Simultaneously,
recycling is still not a must on construction sites, resulting in many valuable materials
being wasted.

 How can we save the Environment?

Green building is becoming a significant trend nowadays, supported by government
programs and funds. Many companies have decided to invest in Sustainable
technologies like solar power or durable materials that help to reduce waste and
minimize energy usage. There are also ways for construction companies to reduce their
carbon footprint that do not necessarily involve large investments.
Thank you