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BANGLADESH OPEN UNIVERSITY

B›Uvb©kxc wi‡cvU©
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Kvh©µg m¤úwK©Z GKwU ch©v‡jvPbv|

ZË¡veavqKt
†gvt kvgxg †nv‡mb Lvb
mnKvix Aa¨vcK, e¨e¯’vcbv
cUzqvLvjx miKvwi K‡jR, cUzqvLvjx|

Dc¯’vcbvqt
byiæj nK
GgweG (e¨e¯’vcbv)
AvBwW bs t 20113517038
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AvÂwjK †K›`ª t ewikvj
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Rgv`v‡bi ZvwiLt 19/05/2023Bs

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ZwiLt 19/05/2023Bs

Rbve
†gvt kvgxg †nv‡mb Lvb
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cUzqvLvjx miKvwi K‡jR, cUzqvLvjx|

welq t B›Uvb©kxc wi‡cvU© KZ…Z¡cb© cÖm‡½|

g‡nv`q,
h_vh_ m¤§vbc~e©K webxZ wb‡e`b Avwg AZ¨šÍ Avb‡›`i mv‡_ Rvbvw”Q †h, cUzqvLvjx miKvwi K‡jR Gi
Gg.weG (e¨e¯’vcbv wefvM) Gi wkÿK Avgvi B›UvY©kxc Gi ZZ¡veavqK Rbve †gvt kvgxg †nv‡mb Lvb m¨vi
Gi wb‡`©k †gvZv‡eK Avgvi B›UvY©kxci Gi welq Òc~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡UWÓ cUzqvLvjxi kvLvi †iwg‡UÝ
e¨vswKs Kvh©µg m¤úwK©Z GKwU ch©v‡jvPbv, wk‡ivbv‡g Avgvi m‡e©v”P cÖ‡Póvq B›Uvbk©xc wi‡cvU©wU ˆZwi
K‡iwQ|

AZGe g‡nv`‡hi wbKU Avgvi B›Uvbk©xc wi‡cvU©wU MÖnY Kivi Rb¨ webxZ Aby‡iva KiwQ|

byiæj nK
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AvBwW bs t 20113517038
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AvÂwjK †K›`ª t ewikvj
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cUzqvLvjx miKvwi K‡jR, cUzqvLvjx|
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Avwg GB g‡g© A½xKvi KiwQ †h, Avgvi B›Uvb©kxc, Òc~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡UWÓ cUzqvLvjxi kvLvi †iwg‡UÝ
e¨vswKs Kvh©µg m¤úwK©Z GKwU ch©v‡jvPbv, M‡elYv Kg©wU Avgvi wbR¯^ AwR©Z Ávb wewfbœ eB, cwÎKv,
cÖeÜ n‡Z msM„nxZ Z_¨ Øviv cÖ¯`Z Kiv n‡q‡Q| GB Kv‡R †Kvb Abywjwc ev bKj Kiv nqwb| ïaygvÎ Z_¨
DcvË e¨envi Kiv n‡qQ|

hw` GB Uvg© †ccvi Ab¨ ‡Kvb Uvg© †ccv‡ii Abywjwc wn‡m‡e cÖgvwYZ nq, Zvn‡j GwU evwZj ej MY¨ n‡e|

byiæj nK
GgweG (e¨e¯’vcbv)
AvBwW bs t 20113517038
÷vwW †m›Uvi t cUzqvLvjx miKvwi K‡jR, cUzqvLvjx
AvÂwjK †K›`ª t ewikvj
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cUzqvLvjx miKvwi K‡jR, cUzqvLvjx|
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Òc~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡UWÓ cUzqvLvjxi kvLvi †iwg‡UÝ e¨vswKs Kvh©µg m¤úwK©Z GKwU ch©v‡jvPbv, M‡elYv

Kg©wU GKwU †gŠwjK M‡elYv| M‡elYv Kg©wU m¤úbœ K‡i‡Qb Gg.weG, e¨e¯’vcbv wefv‡Mi 4q †mwgóvi 2q

e¨vP (2020-2021) Gi byiæj nK| GB M‡elYvwU mvgvwRK weÁvb, gvbweK I fvlv ¯‹zj, evDwei 2 eQi

†gqvw` GgweG †cÖvMÖv‡gi e¨e¯’vcbv wefv‡Mi 4 †mwg÷v‡ii 3 ‡µwWW Z_v 100 b¤^‡ii mggvb B›Uvb©gxc

wi‡cvU© wn‡m‡e Avgvi ZË¡veav‡b m¤úbœ n‡q‡Q|

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†gvt kvgxg †nv‡mb Lvb

mnKvix Aa¨vcK, e¨e¯’vcbv
cUzqvLvjx miKvwi K‡jR, cUzqvLvjx|
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Òc~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡UWÓ cUzqvLvjxi kvLvi †iwg‡UÝ e¨vswKs Kvh©µg m¤úwK©Z GKwU ch©v‡jvPbvÓ
e¨e¯’vcbv‡`‡ki `„wó‡KvY ‡_‡K B›Uvb©kxc Kg©wU wewfbœ ms¯’v, jvB‡eªix, wewfbœ MÖš’, wewfbœ cwÎKv, Rvb©vj I
†hme mvBW Ges wewfbœ AwfÁ wkÿK‡`i civgk© we‡kl K‡i cUzqvLvjx miKvwj K‡j‡Ri MnKvix
Aa¨vcK, e¨e¯’vcbv byiæj nK Gi mvwe©K mn‡hvwMZvi wfwˇZ GKwU ch©v‡jvPbv g~jK kxl©K B›Uvb©kxc
wi‡cvU© cÖ¯`Z K‡iwQ| Avi GB M‡elYv Kg©wU Avgvi g~j M‡elYv KvR| g~jZ e¨e¯’vcbv‡`k Db¥y³
wek¦we`¨vj‡qi GgweG (e¨e¯’vcbv wefv‡Mi) †cÖvMÖv‡gi 4_© †mwg÷v‡ii P~ovšÍ cixÿvi Avek¨Kxq welq
wn‡m‡e 50 gvK© mggvb †Kv‡m©i Rb¨ cÖ¯`ZK…Z| Avi Avgvi GB M‡elYv Kg©wU †m D‡Ï‡k¨B iwPZ|

GKwU ÿz`ª wKsev e„nr M‡elYv KvR myôzfv‡e m¤úbœ Kiv Z_¨vw` we‡kølY Kiv Ges Zvi cvU© ˆZwi Kiv
GKRb QvÎ-QvÎxi c‡ÿ LyeB KwVb|

B›Uvb©kxc wi‡cv‡U©i cÖ¯`‡Zi Rb¨ Avgvi GB wk‡ivbvgwU Aby‡gv`b K‡i K…ZÁZvi Rv‡j Ave× K‡i‡Qb
Avgvi ZË¡veavqK Rbve byiæj nK m¨vi Avgvi wba©vwiZ wel‡qi ZË¡veavqK wQ‡jb| wZwb cÖkœcÎ cÖYqb,
Z_¨ msMÖn, ZË¡ we‡kølY, AbyµwgK mvRv‡bv BZ¨vw` mKj e¨vcv‡i cÖ‡qvRbxq civKk© I wb‡`©k w`‡q Avgvi
M‡elYv Kg©‡K mdj Ki‡Z mnvqZv K‡i‡Qb| Avgvi G M‡elYv Kg©wU iPbvi cÖ_g ch©vq †_‡K †kl ch©šÍ
mwµq mn‡hvwMZv Kivi Rb¨ Avwg AvšÍwiKfv‡e K…ZÁZv Ávcb KiwQ|

byiæj nK
GgweG (e¨e¯’vcbv)
AvBwW bs t 20113517038
÷vwW †m›Uvi t cUzqvLvjx miKvwi K‡jR, cUzqvLvjx
AvÂwjK †K›`ª t ewikvj
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e¨vP t 2q
cUzqvLvjx miKvwi K‡jR, cUzqvLvjx|
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GB ch©v‡jvPbvwU c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡U‡Wi cUyqvLvjx kvLvi †iwg‡UÝ e¨vswKs Kvh©µ‡gi GKwU g~j¨vqb cª`vb
K‡i| GB A‡ji e¨w³ Ges e¨emvi Rb¨ †iwgU¨vÝ ¯’vbvšÍi mnRZi Ki‡Z †cªvMªvgwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv
cvjb K‡i| ch©v‡jvPbvwU †cªvMªv‡gi D‡Ïk¨, ˆewkó¨ Ges cª`Ë cwi‡lev, MªvnK mš`wó, m¤§wZ Ges AvBwb
w`K, SyuwK e¨e¯’vcbv Ges fwel¨‡Zi e„w×i my‡hvM mn wewfbœ w`‡Ki Dci `„wó wbe× K‡i|

ch©v‡jvPbvwU †cªvMªv‡gi wewfbœ kw³ wPwýZ K‡i, †hgb cªwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK wewbgq nvi, `‣ †jb‡`b
cªwµqvKiY Ges GKwU MªvnK-‡Kw›`ªK c×wZ| †cªvMªvgwU †iwgU¨vÝ †jb‡`‡bi wbivcËv Ges wbf©i‡hvM¨Zv
wbwðZ K‡i wbqš¿K m¤§wZ Ges SyuwK cªkg‡bi cªwZ `„p cªwZkªæwZ cª`k©b K‡i|

Z‡e DbœwZi Rb¨ wbw`©ó wKQy †‣Î wPwýZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| Gi g‡a¨ †jb‡`‡bi MwZ Ges myweav, myMwgZ
WKy‡g‡›Ukb cªwµqv Ges DbœZ MªvnK wk‣v Ges mnvqZv cwi‡lev¸wj DbœZ Ki‡Z cªhyw³ Avc‡Mª‡Wi
cª‡qvRbxqZv AšÍf©y³ i‡q‡Q|

ch©v‡jvPbvq cª`Ë mycvwik¸wj cªhyw³ Avc‡Mª‡W wewb‡qv‡Mi ¸iæZ¡, e¨w³MZK„Z cwi‡lev Ges DbœZ
mnvqZvi gva¨‡g Mªvn‡Ki AwfÁZv e„w× Ges `„p m¤§wZ Ges SyuwK e¨e¯’vcbvi †KŠkj ev¯Íevq‡bi Dci †Rvi
†`q|

GB mycvwik¸wj ev¯Íevq‡bi gva¨‡g, c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡U‡Wi cUyqvLvjx kvLv Zvi †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs
Kvh©µ‡gi `‣Zv, Kvh©KvwiZv Ges MªvnK mš`wó‡K AviI evwo‡q Zyj‡Z cv‡i| GwU, Ny‡i, †cªvMªv‡gi e„w×,
cªwZ‡hvwMZvg~jKZv Ges ¯’vbxq A_©bxwZ‡Z BwZevPK cªfv‡e Ae`vb ivL‡e|

mvgwMªKfv‡e, c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡U‡Wi cUyqvLvjx kvLvi †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs †cªvMªvg MªvnK‡`i Pvwn`v †gUv‡Z
Ges wbqš¿K cª‡qvRbxqZv †g‡b Pjvi Rb¨ wbôvi cwiPq w`‡q‡Q| †KŠkjMZ DbœwZ Ges MªvnK-‡Kw›`ªKZvi
Dci †dvKvm mn, †cªvMªvgwU †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs wk‡í fwel¨‡Zi mvd‡j¨i Rb¨ fvj Ae¯’v‡b i‡q‡Q|
 m~PxcÎ
c„ôv bs-
cÖ_g Aa¨vqt f~wgKv
1.1 f~wgKv 01-02
1.2 M‡elYvi †hŠw³KZv 02-03
1.3 M‡elYvi jÿ¨ I D‡Ïk¨ 04-05
1.4 M‡elYvi ¸iæZ¡ 05-06
1.5 M‡elYv c×wZ 06-08
1.6 M‡elYvi mxgve×Zv 09

wØZxq Aa¨vqt cÖwZôvb m¤úwK©Z Z_¨vejx

2.1 ‡Kv¤úvbx †cÖvdvBj: c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡UW 10-11
2.2 wfkb, wgkb Ges †Kvi f¨vjy 12-13
2.3 mvsMVwbK KvVv‡gv 13-14
2.4 c~e©vjx e¨vsK wjwg‡UW cUzqvLvjx kvLvi mswÿß weeiY 15-16

Z…Zxq Aa¨vqt mvwnZ¨ ch©v‡jvPbv

3.1 ‡iwRg¨vÝ e¨vswKs †cÖvMÖv‡gi msÁv Ges aviYv 17-18
3.2 ‡iwgU¨vb& e¨vswKs Gi ¸iæZ¡ I myweav 19
3.3 ‡iwgU¨vÝ cwi‡levi aiY 20
3.4 ‡iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs Gi cÖeYZv Ges P¨v‡jà 21-22

PZz_© Aa¨vqt Z_¨ we‡kølY I djvdj

4.1 c~e©vjx e¨vsK wjwg‡UW †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs Kvh©µg 23
 Kg©m~Pxi D‡Ïk¨ 23-24
 ‰ewkó¨ Ges cwi‡lev Advi 25
 jÿ¨ MÖvnK‡`i 26
 wbqš¿Y KvVv‡gv 26-27
4.2 Òc~evjx e¨vsK wjwk‡UWÓ cUzqvLvjx kvLvi †iwgU¨vÝ Kvh©µg 27
 cÖwµqv cÖevn Ges WKz‡g‡›Ukb 27-28
 Kv÷gvi m¤úK©hy³ e¨ve¯’vcÎ 28-29
 ‡iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs‡q SzuwK e¨e¯’vcbv 29-30
 m¤§wZ Ges AvBwb w`K 30-32

4.2 Òc~evjx e¨vsK wjwk‡UWÓ cUzqvLvjx kvLvi †iwgU¨vÝ Gi we‡kølY I g~j¨vqb 32

 Kg©ÿgZv †gwUª• Ges g~j m~PK 32-33
 ‡cÖvMÖv‡gi Kvh©KvwiZv 33-34
 MÖvnK mš`wó Ges cÖwZwµqv 34
 P¨v‡jà Ges my‡hvM 34-35

cÂg Aa¨vqt mycvikgvjv I Dcmsnvi

5.1 mycvwikgvjv 36-38
5.2 Dcmsnvi 39

Z_¨m~Î 40
 cÖ_g Aa¨vq
f~wgKv
1.1 f~wgKv t
‡iwgU¨vÝ e¨vw¼s wek¦e¨vcx Avw_©K j¨vÛ‡¯‹‡ci GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Dcv`vb wnmv‡e Avwef©~Z n‡q‡Q,
hv mxgvbv †cwi‡q Znwej ¯’vbvšÍi‡K m‣g K‡i Ges A‡bK e¨w³ I cwiev‡ii Rb¨ GKwU
jvBdjvBb wnmv‡e KvR K‡i| evsjv‡`‡ki †cª‣vc‡U, †iwgU¨vÝ Acwimxg Zvrch© enb K‡i, hv
†`‡ki A_©bxwZ‡Z Ae`vb iv‡L Ges AMwYZ cwievi‡K ¸iæZ¡c~Y© mnvqZv cª`vb K‡i| c~evjx
e¨vsK wjwg‡UW, evsjv‡`‡ki Ab¨Zg kxl©¯’vbxq evwYwR¨K e¨vsK, †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs‡qi ¸iæZ¡
¯^xKvi K‡i Ges GB †Wv‡g‡b MªvnK‡`i Pvwn`v †gUv‡Z Zvi †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs †cªvMªvg cªwZôv
K‡i‡Q|

GB cªwZ‡e`‡bi D‡Ïk¨ nj c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡U‡Wi cUyqvLvjx kvLvi †iwg‡UÝ e¨vswKs

Kvh©µ‡gi GKwU e¨vcK ch©v‡jvPbv Kiv| cªwZ‡e`bwUi j‣¨ †cªvMªv‡gi ˆewkó¨, wµqvKjvc Ges
Kg©‣gZv g~j¨vqb Kiv Ges Gi Kvh©KvwiZv Ges `‣Zvi AšÍ`©…wó cª`vb Kiv| †cªvMªvgwUi
D‡Ïk¨, cwi‡lev, MªvnK wfwË, wbqš¿K KvVv‡gv Ges SyuwK e¨e¯’vcbv Abykxjb mn †cªvMªvgwUi
wewfbœ w`K we‡kølY K‡i, GB ch©v‡jvPbvwU c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡UW KZ©…K cª`Ë †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs
cwi‡lev¸wji GKwU Mfxifv‡e †evSvi †Póv K‡i|

GB ch©v‡jvPbv cwiPvjbvq, cªv_wgK Ges gva¨wgK Dfq Z_¨ msMªn mn M‡elYv c×wZi GKwU
cwimi wbhy³ Kiv n‡q‡Q| e¨vsK Kg©KZ©v Ges MªvnK‡`i mn g~j †÷K‡nvìvi‡`i mv‡_
mv‣vZ&Kvi †bIqv n‡q‡Q, mivmwi AšÍ`©…wó Ges gZvgZ msMªn Kivi Rb¨| Dciš`, †iwgU¨vÝ
e¨vswKs †cªvMªv‡gi e¨vcK we‡kølY cª`v‡bi Rb¨ cªvmw½K mvwnZ¨, cªwZ‡e`b Ges wkí
cªKvkbv¸wj e¨vcKfv‡e ch©v‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q|

cªwZ‡e`bwU wbgœiƒc: GB f~wgKvi c‡i, cieZ©x wefvM¸wj evsjv‡`‡k †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs‡qi

cUf~wg Ges Zvrch©, †mBmv‡_ e¨vswKs Lv‡Z c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡U‡Wi f~wgKv Ges mybvg wb‡q
Av‡jvPbv Ki‡e| Gici ch©v‡jvPbvwU c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡U‡Wi cUyqvLvjx kvLvq †iwgU¨vÝ

1
e¨vswKs †cªvMªv‡gi D‡Ïk¨, ˆewkó¨ Ges j‣¨ MªvnK‡`i cix‣v Kivi Rb¨ GwM‡q hv‡e|
ZØ&hZxZ, †cªvMªv‡gi wµqvKjvc¸wji GKwU we‡kølY, SyuwK e¨e¯’vcbv Abykxjb Ges m¤§wZ e¨e¯’v
cª`vb Kiv n‡e| cªwZ‡e`bwU †cªvMªv‡gi Kg©‣gZvi e¨vcK g~j¨vqb Ges m¤¢ve¨ DbœwZi Rb¨
mycvwik Dc¯’vc‡bi mv‡_ †kl n‡e|

GB ch©v‡jvPbvi mxgve×Zv ¯^xKvi Kiv Acwinvh©| GB cªwZ‡e`‡b Dc¯’vwcZ djvdj Ges

mycvwik¸wj M‡elYvi mgq Dcjä Z‡_¨i Dci wfwË K‡i Ges Aa¨q‡bi AšÍwb©wnZ mxgve×Zv
Ges mxgve×Zvi welq| hvB‡nvK, Avkv Kiv hvq †h GB ch©v‡jvPbvwU c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡U‡Wi
e¨e¯’vcbvi Rb¨ GKwU g~j¨evb m¤ú` wn‡m‡e KvR Ki‡e Ges cUyqvLvjx kvLvq Zv‡`i †iwgU¨vÝ
e¨vswKs Kvh©µg‡K AviI DbœZ Ki‡Z Ae`vb ivL‡e|

1.2 M‡elYvi ‡h․w³KZv

c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡U‡Wi cUyqvLvjx kvLvi †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs †cªvMªvg GB M‡elYvi Rb¨ GKwU
D‡jøL‡hvM¨ †‣Î| GB †cªvMªv‡gi GKwU ch©v‡jvPbv cwiPvjbv Kivi wcQ‡b †hŠw³KZvq †ek
K‡qKwU KviY Ae`vb iv‡L:

1. ‡iwg‡U‡Ýi ¸iæZ¡: †iwg‡UÝ evsjv‡`‡ki A_©bxwZ‡Z ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i, ˆe‡`wkK
gy`ªv Av‡qi GKwU cªavb Drm wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i Ges `vwi`ª¨ nªv‡m Ae`vb iv‡L| †iwgU¨vÝ
e¨vswKs †cªvMªv‡gi Kvh©KvwiZv Ges Kvh©KvwiZv †evSv †`‡ki mvgwMªK †iwgU¨vÝ j¨vÛ‡¯‹‡c Gi
Ae`vb g~j¨vq‡bi Rb¨ AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©|

2. c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡U‡Wi L¨vwZ: c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡UW evsjv‡`‡ki GKwU mycªwZwôZ Ges
¯^bvgab¨ evwYwR¨K e¨vsK| Gi †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs †cªvMªv‡gi Kvh©KvwiZv g~j¨vqb Kiv †iwgU¨vÝ
†jb‡`b, MªvnK mš`wói gvÎv Ges RvZxq †iwgU¨vÝ cªev‡n Gi mvgwMªK Ae`vb‡K Kvh©Kifv‡e
cwiPvjbv Kivi e¨v‡¼i ‣gZvi AšÍ`©…wó cª`vb K‡i|

2
3. ‡cªvMªv‡gi Kvh©KvwiZv: †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs †cªvMªv‡gi Kvh©KvwiZv g~j¨vqb MªvnK‡`i Pvwn`v Ges
cªZ¨vkv c~i‡Yi ‣gZv wba©vi‡Y mnvqZv K‡i| GKwU we¯Í…Z ch©v‡jvPbv †cªvMªv‡gi Kvh©KvwiZv Ges
cwi‡levi ¸Ygvb evov‡bvi Rb¨ DbœwZi †‣θwj wPwýZ Ki‡Z Ges †KŠkj¸wj ev¯Íevq‡bi
AbygwZ †`q|

4. wbqš¿K m¤§wZ: e¨vswKs Lv‡Z, we‡kl K‡i †iwgU¨vÝ cwi‡levi †‣‡Î wbqš¿K KvVv‡gv Ges
wb‡`©wkKv¸wji mv‡_ m¤§wZ AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| wbqš¿K cª‡qvRbxqZvi mv‡_ †cªvMªv‡gi AvbyMZ¨
cix¶v Kiv wbwðZ K‡i †h GwU e¨v¼ Ges Gi MªvnK‡`i Df‡qi ¯^v_© i‣v K‡i AvBwb KvVv‡gvi
g‡a¨ KvR K‡i|

5. MªvnK mš‘wó: †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs †cªvMªv‡gi mv‡_ Mªvn‡Ki mš`wói gvÎv †evSv †cªvMªv‡gi MªvnK-
‡Kw›`ªK c×wZ, cwi‡levi ¸Ygvb Ges mvgwMªK MªvnK AwfÁZvi AšÍ`©…wó cª`vb K‡i| GB
Aa¨q‡bi j‣¨ MªvnK‡`i KvQ †_‡K Zv‡`i mš`wói ¯Íi g~j¨vqb Ki‡Z Ges DbœwZi Rb¨ †‣θwj
wPwýZ Ki‡Z Zv‡`i KvQ †_‡K cªwZwµqv Ges gZvgZ msMªn Kiv|

6. fwel¨r e„w× Ges m¤úªmviY: †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs †cªvMªv‡gi we‡kølY m¤¢ve¨ e…w×i my‡hvM Ges
m¤úªmvi‡Yi †‣Î wPwýZ Ki‡Z mnvqZv K‡i| Gi Kvh©KvwiZv g~j¨vqb K‡i, Aa¨q‡bi j‣¨
fwel¨‡Zi †KŠkj, c‡Y¨i weKvk Ges evRv‡i Abycª‡e‡ki Rb¨ mycvwik cª`vb Kiv|

mvgwMªKfv‡e, GB mgx‣v cwiPvjbvi †hŠw³KZv evsjv‡`‡ki A_©bxwZ‡Z †iwgU¨v‡Ýi ¸iæZ¡,

c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡U‡Wi mybvg, †cªvMªv‡gi Kvh©KvwiZv Ges m¤§wZ g~j¨vq‡bi cª‡qvRbxqZv, MªvnK
mš`wó wbwðZ Kiv Ges fwel¨‡Zi cªe…w×i cwiKíbvi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q| GB mgx‣vi djvdj Ges
mycvwik¸wj †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vw¼s †cªvMªvg‡K DbœZ Ki‡Z, e¨vs‡Ki D‡Ïk¨ Ges RvZxq A_©bxwZ‡Z
Gi Ae`vb‡K kw³kvjx Ki‡Z wm×všÍ MªnYKvix‡`i‡K MvBW Ki‡Z cv‡i|

3
1.3 M‡elYvi jÿ¨ I D‡Ïk¨
GB M‡elYvi D‡Ïk¨ nj c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡U‡Wi cUyqvLvjx kvLvi †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs Kvh©µ‡gi
GKwU e¨vcK ch©v‡jvPbv Kiv| M‡elYvi D‡Ïk¨¸wj wbgœiƒc:

1. c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡U‡Wi cUyqvLvjx kvLvq †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs Kvh©µ‡gi D‡Ïk¨, †KŠkj Ges
mvgwMªK KvVv‡gv cix‣v Kiv|

2. ‡iwgU¨vÝ †jb‡`b cªwµqvKiY Ges MªvnK‡`i †mev cª`v‡bi †‣‡Î †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs
†cªvMªv‡gi `‣Zv I Kvh©KvwiZv g~j¨vqb Kiv|

3. cª`Ë cwi‡lev¸wji e¨env‡ii mnRZv, wbf©i‡hvM¨Zv Ges A¨v‡•m‡hvM¨Zv mn †iwgU¨vÝ

e¨vswKs †cªvMªvg m¤úwK©Z Mªvn‡Ki AwfÁZv Ges mš`wói ¯Íi¸wj g~j¨vqb Kiv|

4. ‡iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs †cªvMªv‡gi mv‡_ RwoZ Kg©‣g cªwµqv Ges c×wZ we‡kølY Kiv,
WKy‡g‡›Ukb cª‡qvRbxqZv, †jb‡`b cªwµqvKiY Ges MªvnK cwi‡lev mn|

5. ‡iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs †cªvMªv‡gi m¤§yLxb nIqv P¨v‡jà I evav¸‡jv wPwýZ Kiv Ges m¤¢ve¨ mgvavb
ev DbœwZi cª¯Íve Kiv|

6. ‡iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs †cªvMªvg cwiPvjbvKvix m¤§wZ e¨e¯’v Ges wbqš¿K KvVv‡gv cix‣v Kiv,
AvBwb Ges wbqš¿K cª‡qvRbxqZv †g‡b Pjv wbwðZ Kiv|

7. ‡iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs †cªvMªv‡gi cvidig¨vÝ †gwUª• Ges g~j m~PK¸wj g~j¨vqb Kiv, †hgb
†jb‡`‡bi cwigvY, ivR¯^ Drcv`b Ges jvfRbKZv|

8. ‡iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs †cªvMªv‡gi Kvh©KvwiZv, Mªvn‡Ki AwfÁZv Ges mvgwMªK Kg©‣gZv evov‡bvi
Rb¨ mycvwik cª`vb Kiv|

9. c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡UW Ges evsjv‡`‡ki e¨vswKs wk‡íi †cª‣vc‡U †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs
†cªvMªvg¸wji we`¨gvb Ávb Ges †evSvi †‣‡Î Ae`vb ivLv|

4
GB D‡Ïk¨¸wj c~iY Kivi gva¨‡g, GB M‡elYvi j‣¨ c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡U‡Wi cUyqvLvjx kvLvi
†iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs †cªvMªvg m¤ú‡K© g~j¨evb AšÍ`©…wó cª`vb Kiv| djvdj Ges mycvwik¸wj
†cªvMªv‡gi `‣Zv, MªvnK mš`wó Ges mvgwMªK Kg©‣gZv DbœZ Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ Ki‡e, hvi d‡j e¨v¼
Ges Gi MªvnK‡`i DcKvi n‡e| Dciš`, GB M‡elYvwU †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs Abykxjb Ges
evsjv‡`‡ki e¨vswKs Lv‡Z Zv‡`i cªfve m¤ú‡K© we¯Í…Z †evSvi †‣‡Î Ae`vb ivL‡e|

1.4 M‡elYvi ¸iæZ¡

evsjv‡`‡k K‡c©v‡iU mykvm‡bi Afve Ges Kxfv‡e mykvmb cªwZôv Kiv hvq Zv wb‡q M‡elYvwU
wewfbœ Kvi‡Y Zvrch©c~Y©:

1. GKwU mgv‡jvPbvg~jK mgm¨vi mgvavb K‡i: M‡elYvwU evsjv‡`‡k GKwU RwUj mgm¨v‡K
m‡¤^vab K‡i, †hwU nj Kvh©Ki K‡c©v‡iU Mf‡b©Ý Abykxj‡bi Afve| GB mgm¨vwUi A_©bxwZ
Ges mgv‡Ri Rb¨ my`~icªmvix cwiYwZ i‡q‡Q Ges M‡elYvi j‣¨ Kvh©Ki kvmb Abykxj‡bi
weKv‡k Ae`vb ivLv|

2. g~j P¨v‡jĸwj wPwýZ K‡i: M‡elYvwU evsjv‡`‡k K‡c©v‡iU Mf‡b©‡Ýi Afv‡ei Rb¨ Ae`vb
ivLvi g~j P¨v‡jà Ges KviY¸wj wPwýZ K‡i৷ GwU Kivi gva¨‡g, GwU mgm¨vwUi GKwU e¨vcK
aviYv cª`vb K‡i, hv mgm¨vi mgvav‡bi Rb¨ bxwZ Ges †KŠkj¸wj‡K AewnZ Ki‡Z cv‡i|

3. m‡e©vËg Abykxj‡bi cª¯Íve: M‡elYvwU evsjv‡`‡k mykvm‡bi Abykxjb cªwZôvi Rb¨ m‡e©vËg
Abykxj‡bi cª¯Íve K‡i| GB Abykxjb¸wj e¨emvwqK, bxwZwba©viK Ges †÷K‡nvìvi‡`i Rb¨
Kvh©Ki cªkvmwbK Abykxjb cªwZôv Ki‡Z Ges ¯^‧QZv, Revew`wnZv Ges mykvm‡bi ms¯‹…wZ‡K
DbœxZ Ki‡Z GKwU †ivWg¨vc wnmv‡e KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i|

4. ‡Km ÷vwW cª`vb K‡i: M‡elYvwU evsjv‡`‡k mdj K‡c©v‡iU Mf‡b©Ý Abykxj‡bi †Km ÷vwW
cª`vb K‡i, hv Ab¨vb¨ e¨emv Ges cªwZôv‡bi AbymiY Kivi Rb¨ D`vniY wnmv‡e KvR Ki‡Z
cv‡i|

5
5. Áv‡b Ae`vb: M‡elYvwU evsjv‡`‡k K‡c©v‡iU Mf‡b©Ý Abykxj‡bi Áv‡bi wfwË ˆZwi‡Z
Ae`vb iv‡L| GwU GB wel‡q fwel¨‡Zi M‡elYv‡K AewnZ Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges AviI Kvh©Ki
kvmb Abykxj‡bi weKv‡k Ae`vb ivL‡Z cv‡i|

mvgwMªKfv‡e, M‡elYvwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© KviY GwU GKwU AviI cªwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK Ges †UKmB
A_©bxwZi weKv‡k Ae`vb ivL‡Z cv‡i, cvkvcvwk evsjv‡`‡ki RbM‡Yi RxebhvÎvi gvb DbœZ
Ki‡Z cv‡i| ¯^‧QZv, Revew`wnZv Ges mykvm‡bi ms¯‹…wZ cªPvi K‡i, M‡elYvwU e¨emv Ges
cªwZôv‡bi cªwZ RbM‡Yi Av¯’v ˆZwi Ki‡Z Ges ˆZwi Ki‡Z mnvqZv Ki‡Z cv‡i|

1.5 M‡elYv c×wZ

M‡elYvi ¸iæZ¡ Ávb ˆZwi, AšÍ`©…wó cª`vb Ges ÁvZ wm×všÍ Mªn‡Yi ‣gZvi g‡a¨ wbwnZ| c~evjx
e¨vsK wjwg‡U‡Wi cUyqvLvjx kvLvi †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs Kvh©µ‡gi M‡elYvi †cª‣vc‡U wb‡gœv³
Dcv‡q ¸iæZ¡ Zy‡j aiv †h‡Z cv‡i:

‡cªvMªv‡gi Kvh©KvwiZv evov‡bv: M‡elYvi gva¨‡g, †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs †cªvMªv‡gi GKwU e¨vcK
†evSvcov AR©b Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i, hv kw³, `ye©jZv Ges DbœwZi Rb¨ †‣Î wPwýZ Ki‡Z m‣g
nq| M‡elYvi djvdj¸wj Mªvn‡Ki Pvwn`v †gUv‡Z, cªwµqv¸wj‡K w÷ªgjvBb Ki‡Z Ges
mvsMVwbK D‡Ïk¨¸wj AR©‡b †cªvMªv‡gi Kvh©KvwiZv evov‡bvi Rb¨ e¨envi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

MªvnK mš`wói DbœwZ: M‡elYv Mªvn‡Ki AwfÁZv Ges mš`wói ¯Íi¸wji Mfxi we‡køl‡Yi AbygwZ
†`q| e¨_vi c‡q›U, cQ›` Ges cªZ¨vkv wPwýZ Kivi gva¨‡g, e¨v¼ Zvi cwi‡lev¸wj‡Z j‣¨e¯Íy
DbœwZ Ki‡Z cv‡i, hvi d‡j Mªvn‡Ki mš`wó Ges AvbyMZ¨ D‧PZi nq|

WªvBwfs cªgvY-wfwËK wm×všÍ MªnY: M‡elYv AwfÁZvg~jK cªgvY Ges †WUv-PvwjZ AšÍ`©…wó cª`vb
K‡i, hv ÁvZ wm×všÍ †bIqvi Rb¨ Acwinvh©| GB M‡elYvi djvdj¸wj c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡U‡Wi

6
e¨e¯’vcbv‡K †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs †cªvMªvg DbœZ Kivi Rb¨ †KŠkj ˆZwi, m¤ú` eivÏ Ges
cwieZ©b¸wj ev¯Íevq‡b MvBW Ki‡Z cv‡i|

m¤§wZ Ges wbqš¿K AvbyMZ¨ wbwðZ Kiv: M‡elYvwU †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs‡qi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z wbqš¿K
KvVv‡gv Ges m¤§wZ e¨e¯’vi Dci Av‡jvKcvZ Ki‡Z cv‡i| cªweav‡bi mv‡_ †cªvMªv‡gi m¤§wZ
g~j¨vqb K‡i, e¨v¼ AvBwb SyuwK Kgv‡Z cv‡i Ges wbwðZ Ki‡Z cv‡i †h GwU cªwZwôZ
wb‡`©wkKv¸wji g‡a¨ KvR K‡i|

Ávb Ges wkí Abykxj‡b Ae`vb: M‡elYvwU we‡kl K‡i evsjv‡`‡ki †cª‣vc‡U †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs
Abykxj‡bi Áv‡bi As‡k Ae`vb iv‡L| GwU e¨vswKs wkí, bxwZwba©viK, M‡elK Ges Ab¨vb¨
†÷K‡nvìvi‡`i Rb¨ g~j¨evb AšÍ`©…wó cª`vb Ki‡Z cv‡i, GBfv‡e wkí m¤ú‡K© AviI fvj
†evSvi Ges m‡e©vËg Abykxj‡bi cªPvi Ki‡Z cv‡i|

mvsMVwbK e…w×i mnvqK: M‡elYvi djvdj¸wj e…w×i my‡hvM, evRv‡ii cªeYZv Ges D`xqgvb
Mªvn‡Ki Pvwn`v wPwýZ Ki‡Z cv‡i| GB AšÍ`©…wó¸wj‡K Kv‡R jvMv‡bvi gva¨‡g, c~evjx e¨vsK
wjwg‡UW Zvi †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs †cªvMªvg‡K evRv‡ii Pvwn`vi mv‡_ mvwie× Ki‡Z cv‡i,
m¤úªmvi‡Yi Rb¨ bZyb Dcvq A‡š^lY Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges wk‡í Zvi cªwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK Ae¯’vb‡K
kw³kvjx Ki‡Z cv‡i|

mvgwMªKfv‡e, c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡U‡Wi cUyqvLvjx kvLvi †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs †cªvMªv‡gi Dci
M‡elYvwU AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© KviY GwU e¨vsKwU‡K µgvMZ Zvi cwi‡lev¸wj‡K DbœZ Ki‡Z,
Mªvn‡Ki cªZ¨vkv c~iY Ki‡Z, cªweavb¸wj †g‡b Pj‡Z, m‡PZb wm×všÍ wb‡Z Ges wk‡íi
AMªMwZ‡Z Ae`vb ivL‡Z m‣g K‡i|
¸YMZ c×wZ
¸bevPK c×wZ e¨env‡ii d‡j gZvgZ Ges AvPiY †‣‡Î welqxg‥jK wm×všÍ MÖn‡Y mnvqK nq|
Z‡e GB ai‡Yi M‡elYv M‡el‡Ki AšÍt`…wó Ges aviYvmg‥‡ni Dci AwaKZi wbfiÖ _v‡K| GB
M‡elYv Kg©wU ¸bMZ c×wZ‡Z m¤úbœ Kiv n‡q‡Q|

7
Z‡_¨i Drm
¸bMZ c×wZ‡Z GB M‡elYvwU Kivi Rb¨ msL¨vq‡bi mv‡_ mv‡_ eY©bvg‥jK cwimsL¨vbI e¨envi
Kiv n‡e| Z‡_¨i `zwU Drm i‡q‡Q& †hgb
K) cÖv_wgK Drm (Primarz Source)
L) gva¨wgK Drm (Secondarz Source)

Avwg Avgvi M‡elYvq gva¨wgK Z‡_¨i Dci wfwË K‡iB m¤úbœ Kie| Avi G‡Z M‡elYvi
cÖ‡qvR‡b wewfbœ eB-cz¯ÍK, Rvb©vj, cÎ cwÎKv, M‡elYvag©x †jLv, M‡elYv ms¯’v, B›Uvi‡bU
BZ¨vw` †_‡K Z_¨ msMÖn Kiv n‡e|

1.6 M‡elYvi mxgve×Zv

c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡U‡Wi cUyqvLvjx kvLvi †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs †cªvMªv‡gi Dci M‡elYv cwiPvjbv
Kivi mgq, wKQy mxgve×Zv ¯^xKvi Kiv ¸iæZ¡c~Y© hv M‡elYvi my‡hvM Ges djvdj‡K cªfvweZ
Ki‡Z cv‡i| wKQy m¤¢ve¨ mxgve×Zv AšÍf©y³:

1. mg‡qi mxgve×Zv: M‡elYv Z_¨ msMªn, we‡kølY Ges cªwZ‡e`‡bi Rb¨ Dcjä mgqmxgv Øviv
mxwgZ n‡Z cv‡i| M‡elYvwU `xN©‡gqv`x cªeYZv ev M‡elYvi mgqKv‡ji evB‡i N‡U hvIqv
cwieZ©b¸wj K¨vcPvi Ki‡Z m‣g bvI n‡Z cv‡i|

2. bgybvi AvKvi Ges cªwZwbwaZ¡: M‡elYvi djvdj¸wj GKwU mxwgZ bgybvi AvKv‡ii Dci
wfwË K‡i n‡Z cv‡i, hv †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vw¼s †cªvMªv‡gi mv‡_ hy³ wewfbœ MªvnK, Kg©Pvix ev
†÷K‡nvìvi‡`i m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c cªwZwbwaZ¡ Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| GwU djvd‡ji mvaviYxKiY‡K cªfvweZ
Ki‡Z cv‡i|

3. ‡WUv Dcjf¨Zv: †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs †cªvMªvg m¤úwK©Z †WUvi cªvc¨Zv mxwgZ ev mxwgZ n‡Z
cv‡i| wKQy Z_¨ †Mvcbxq ev gvwjKvbvaxb n‡Z cv‡i, hv we‡køl‡Yi MfxiZv Ges e¨vcKZv‡K
cªfvweZ Ki‡Z cv‡i|

8
4. ¯^-cªwZ‡ew`Z †WUvi Dci wbf©iZv: Aa¨qbwU ¯^-cªwZ‡ew`Z †WUvi Dci wbf©i Ki‡Z cv‡i,
†hgb MªvnK Rwic ev mv‣vZ&Kvi, hv cªwZwµqvi c‣cvwZZ¡ ev fyjZvi welq n‡Z cv‡i|
djvd‡ji wbf©yjZv DËi`vZv‡`i Dcjwä, ¯§iY Kivi ‣gZv Ges mwVK Z_¨ cª`v‡bi B‧Qvi
Dci wbf©i Ki‡Z cv‡i|

5. evwn¨K KviY Ges mvaviYxKiY: M‡elYvi djvdj¸wj evwn¨K KviY¸wji Øviv cªfvweZ n‡Z
cv‡i, †hgb A_©‰bwZK Ae¯’v, wbqš¿K cwieZ©b, ev evRv‡ii MwZkxjZv, hv mg‡qi mv‡_
weKwkZ n‡Z cv‡i| dj¯^iƒc, Ab¨vb¨ kvLv, e¨v¼ ev AÂj¸wj‡Z djvd‡ji mvaviYxKiY
mxwgZ n‡Z cv‡i|

5. c¶cvwZZ¡ Ges mve‡Rw±wfwU: M‡el‡Ki wbR¯^ c‣cvZ, `…wófw½, ev c~e© aviYv¸wj

AmveavbZvekZ †WUv ev djvd‡ji e¨vL¨v‡K cªfvweZ Ki‡Z cv‡i| M‡elK‡`i c‣cvZ Kwg‡q
Avbvi †Póv Kiv DwPZ Ges we‡køl‡Y e¯ÍywbôZv wbwðZ Kiv DwPZ|

6. Am¤ú~Y© Z_¨: †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs †cªvMªvg m¤ú‡K© m¤ú~Y© Z_¨ A¨v‡•m Kivi †‣‡Î mxgve×Zv
_vK‡Z cv‡i, we‡kl K‡i hw` wKQy wek` †Mvcbxq, gvwjKvbvaxb ev me©Rbxbfv‡e Dcjä bv
nq| Gi d‡j †cªvMªv‡gi we‡kølY Ges †evSvi duvK n‡Z cv‡i|

GB mxgve×Zv _vKv m‡Ë¡I, M‡elYvi j‣¨ †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs †cªvMªv‡g g~j¨evb AšÍ`©…wó cª`vb
Kiv| GB mxgve×Zv¸wj ¯^xKvi K‡i, Aa¨qb †cªvMªvgwUi GKwU b¨vh¨ Ges fvimvg¨c~Y© g~j¨vqb
w`‡Z cv‡i †hLv‡b AviI M‡elYv ev †WUv msMªn DcKvix n‡Z cv‡i Ggb †‣θwj‡K nvBjvBU
K‡i|

9
 wØZxq Aa¨vq
cÖwZôvb m¤úwK©Z Z_¨vejx

2.1 ‡Kv¤úvwbi †cªvdvBj: c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡UW

c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡UW evsjv‡`‡ki Ab¨Zg kxl©¯’vbxq evwYwR¨K e¨vsK, hv e¨vcK cwim‡i e¨vw¼s
cY¨ I cwi‡lev cª`vb K‡i| 1959 mv‡j cªwZwôZ, e¨vsKwUi GKwU mg…× BwZnvm Ges †`‡ki
Avw_©K Lv‡Z GKwU kw³kvjx Dcw¯’wZ i‡q‡Q| c~evjx e¨vsK kvLvi GKwU wekvj †bUIqv‡K©i
gva¨‡g KvR K‡i Ges e¨w³, e¨emv Ges K‡c©v‡iU K¬v‡q›U‡`i wewfbœ Avw_©K mgvavb cª`vb
K‡i|

g~j Z_¨:
bvg: c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡UW
cªwZôvi eQi: 1959
cªavb Kvh©vjq: cªavb Kvh©vjq, 26 w`jKykv evwYwR¨K GjvKv, XvKv-1000, evsjv‡`k
I‡qemvBU: www.pubalibangla.com
wUKvi cªZxK: PBL (XvKv ÷K G•‡PÃ)

cwi‡lev Ges cY¨: c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡UW Zvi MªvnK‡`i wewfbœ Pvwn`v †gUv‡Z we¯Í…Z e¨vw¼s
cwi‡lev cª`vb K‡i| e¨vsK Øviv cª`Ë cªavb cwi‡lev Ges cY¨¸wji g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q:

LyPiv e¨vswKs: c~evjx e¨vsK AvgvbZ A¨vKvD›U, FY, †WweU Ges †µwWU KvW©, †iwgU¨vÝ
cwi‡lev Ges ˆe‡`wkK gy`ªvi †jb‡`b mn wewfbœ LyPiv e¨vswKs cwi‡lev mieivn K‡i|

K‡c©v‡iU e¨vswKs: e¨vsK e¨vcK K‡c©v‡iU e¨vswKs mgvavb cª`vb K‡i, †hgb K‡c©v‡iU FY, †UªW
dvBb¨vÝ, cªKí A_©vqb, wmwÛ‡K‡UW FY Ges bM` e¨e¯’vcbv cwi‡lev|

10
GmGgB e¨vswKs: c~evjx e¨vsK ‣y`ª I gvSvwi AvKv‡ii D‡`¨v‡Mi (GmGgB) cª‡qvRb Abymv‡i
we‡klvwqZ e¨vswKs cwi‡lev mieivn K‡i| GB cwi‡lev¸wji g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q GmGgB FY, Kvh©Kix
g~jab A_©vqb, evwYR¨ cwi‡lev Ges e¨emvwqK civgk© mnvqZv|

‡iwgU¨vÝ cwi‡lev: c~evjx e¨vsK mwµqfv‡e †iwgU¨vÝ cwi‡levq RwoZ, we‡`k †_‡K
evsjv‡`‡k myweav‡fvMx‡`i Kv‡Q Znwej ¯’vbvšÍi mnRZi K‡i Ges Gi wecix‡Z|

‡UªRvwi Acv‡ikb: e¨vsK GKwU kw³kvjx †UªRvwi wefvM cwiPvjbv K‡i hv ˆe‡`wkK gy`ªvi
wµqvKjvc, A_© evRv‡ii †jb‡`b Ges wewb‡qv‡Mi †cvU©‡dvwjI¸wj‡K AwÞgvBR Ki‡Z Ges
SyuwK¸wj cwiPvjbv K‡i|

K‡c©v‡iU Mf‡b©Ý: c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡UW ¯^‧QZv, Revew`wnZv Ges ˆbwZK AvPiY wbwðZ Kivi
Rb¨ mywbw`©ó K‡c©v‡iU Mf‡b©Ý Abykxjb¸wj †g‡b P‡j| e¨vsK GKwU cwiPvjbv cl©` Øviv
cwiPvwjZ nq Ges Gi Kvh©µg K‡Vvi wbqš¿K m¤§wZ Ges SyuwK e¨e¯’vcbv Abykxjb Øviv
cwiPvwjZ nq|

Avw_©K Kg©¶gZv: c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡UW eQ‡ii ci eQi a‡i GKwU `…p Avw_©K cvidig¨vÝ
eRvq †i‡L‡Q, w¯’wZkxjZv Ges cªe…w× cª`k©b K‡i‡Q| e¨v‡¼i Avw_©K wee…wZ¸wj my¯’ m¤ú‡`i
¸Ygvb, w¯’i jvfRbKZv Ges kw³kvjx g~jab ch©vßZv AbycvZ‡K cªwZdwjZ K‡i|

¯^xK„wZ I cyi¯‥vi: c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡UW e¨vswKs wk‡í Zvi †kªô‡Z¡i Rb¨ AmsL¨ cyi¯‹vi I
cªksmv †c‡q‡Q| GB ¯^xK…wZ¸wj MªvnK cwi‡lev, D™¢veb Ges mvgwMªK Kg©‣gZvi cªwZ e¨v‡¼i
cªwZkªæwZ wbwðZ K‡i৷

c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡UW evsjv‡`‡ki GKwU wewkó evwYwR¨K e¨vsK, Zvi MªvnK‡`i e¨vcK cwim‡i
e¨vswKs †mev cª`vb K‡i| Gi we¯Í…Z kvLv †bUIqvK©, MªvnK mš`wói cªwZkªæwZ Ges K‡c©v‡iU

11
Mf‡b©Ý bxwZi AvbyM‡Z¨i mv‡_, c~evjx e¨vsK †`‡ki e¨w³, e¨emv Ges K‡c©v‡iU K¬v‡q›U‡`i
Rb¨ GKwU wek¦¯Í e¨vw¼s Askx`vi wnmv‡e AweiZ i‡q‡Q|

2.2 wfkb, wgkb Ges †Kvi f¨vjy

wfkbt
c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡U‡Wi `…wófw½ nj evsjv‡`‡ki me‡P‡q wek¦¯Í Ges cQ‡›`i e¨vsK nIqv,
D™¢vebx Avw_©K mgvavb, D‧PZi MªvnK cwi‡lev Ges mKj †÷K‡nvìvi‡`i Kv‡Q †UKmB g~j¨
cª`v‡bi Rb¨ cªwZkªæwZe×|

wgkbt
c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡U‡Wi j‣¨ nj MªvnK‡Kw›`ªK `…wófw½, MªvnK‡`i µgea©gvb Pvwn`v †gUv‡Z
Ges evsjv‡`‡ki A_©‰bwZK Dbœq‡b Ae`vb ivLvi Rb¨ DbœZ cªhyw³, `‣ †ckv`vi Ges GKwU
kw³kvjx †bUIqv‡K©i mvnv‡h¨ e¨vcK e¨vswKs cwi‡lev cª`vb Kiv|

‡Kvi f¨vjy
MªvnK †dvKvm: c~evjx e¨vsK e¨w³MZK…Z Ges `‣ e¨vswKs mgvavb cª`v‡bi gva¨‡g MªvnK‡`i
Pvwn`v †evSv Ges c~iY Ki‡Z cªwZkªæwZe×| MªvnK mš`wó Ges `xN©‡gqv`x m¤úK© M‡o †Zvjv
Zv‡`i wµqvKjv‡ci g~j welq|

mZZv Ges •bwZKZv: e¨vsK Zvi mg¯Í †jb‡`‡b mZZv Ges ˆbwZK AvPi‡Yi m‡e©v‧P gvb eRvq
iv‡L| Zviv ¯^‧QZv, mZZv Ges `vwqZ¡kxj e¨vw¼s Abykxj‡bi Rb¨ cªwZkªæwZe×, MªvnK, Kg©Pvix
Ges †÷K‡nvìvi‡`i Av¯’v I Av¯’v wbwðZ K‡i|

D™¢veb: c~evjx e¨vsK Zvi cwi‡levi `‣Zv I Kvh©KvwiZv evov‡Z µgvMZ D™¢veb Ges AvaywbK
cªhyw³ Ges Abykxjb MªnY Kivi †Póv K‡i| GKwU MwZkxj e¨vw¼s cwi‡e‡k MªvnK‡`i cwiewZ©Z
Pvwn`v †gUv‡Z AZ¨vaywbK mgvavb cª`v‡bi Rb¨ Zviv D™¢veb MªnY K‡i|

12
wUgIqvK© Ges mn‡hvwMZv: c~evjx e¨vsK Zvi Kg©x‡`i g‡a¨ wUgIqvK©, mn‡hvwMZv Ges
cvi¯úwiK kª×vi ms¯‹…wZ M‡o †Zv‡j| Zviv ¯^xKvi K‡i †h mw¤§wjZ cª‡Póv Ges wewfbœ `…wófw½
e¨v‡¼i j‣¨ AR©‡b Ges e¨wZµgx MªvnK cwi‡lev cª`v‡b Ae`vb iv‡L|

mvgvwRK `vqe×Zv: c~evjx e¨vsK K‡c©v‡iU mvgvwRK `vqe×Zvq cªwZkªæwZe× Ges mgv‡Ri
Kj¨vY I Dbœq‡b mwµqfv‡e Ae`vb iv‡L| Zviv wk‣v, ¯^v¯’¨‡mev, cwi‡ekMZ †UKmBZv Ges
m¤úª`v‡qi Dbœq‡b wewfbœ D‡`¨vM Ges Kg©m~wP MªnY K‡i, hvi j‣¨ Zviv †h m¤úª`vq¸wj‡K †mev
K‡i Zv‡`i Dci BwZevPK cªfve †dj‡Z|

GB wfkb, wgkb, Ges ‡Kvi f¨vjy¸wj c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡U‡Wi Kvh©µg, wm×všÍ Mªn‡Yi cªwµqv
Ges MªvnK, Kg©Pvix Ges †÷K‡nvìvi‡`i mv‡_ wg_w¯Œqv cwiPvjbv K‡i| Zviv evsjv‡`‡ki
GKwU †bZ…¯’vbxq Avw_©K cªwZôvb nIqvi †Póv Kivi Rb¨ e¨vs‡Ki †kªôZ¡, mZZv, D™¢veb Ges
mvgvwRK `vqe×Zvi cªwZkªæwZ cªwZdwjZ K‡i|

2.3 mvsMVwbK KvVv‡gv

c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡UW Zvi Kvh©µ‡gi `‣ e¨e¯’vcbv Ges Kvh©Ki mgš^q wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨
GKwU †kªwYe× mvsMVwbK KvVv‡gv AbymiY K‡i| KvVv‡gvwU e¨e¯’vcbvi GKvwaK ¯Íi wb‡q MwVZ,
cªwZwU‡Z wbw`©ó f~wgKv Ges `vwqZ¡ i‡q‡Q| c~evjx e¨vs‡Ki mvsMVwbK KvVv‡gvi g~j
Dcv`vb¸wji g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q:

1. cwiPvjbv cl©`: e¨vs‡Ki m‡e©v‧P ¯Í‡ii KZ©…c‣ nj cwiPvjbv cl©`| AwfÁ †ckv`vi Ges
wkí we‡klÁ‡`i mgš^‡q MwVZ, †evW© e¨v‡¼i †KŠkjMZ w`Kwb‡`©k wba©viY K‡i, cªavb
wm×všÍ¸wj ZË¡veavb K‡i Ges wbqš¿K cª‡qvRbxqZvi mv‡_ m¤§wZ wbwðZ K‡i|

2. e¨e¯’vcbv cwiPvjK: e¨e¯’vcbv cwiPvjK e¨vs‡Ki cªavb wbe©vnx Kg©KZ©v wn‡m‡e `vwqZ¡ cvjb
K‡ib Ges mvgwMªK e¨e¯’vcbv I cªkvm‡bi Rb¨ `vqx| Zviv wbe©vnx e¨e¯’vcbv `‡ji †bZ…Z¡ †`q
Ges cwiPvjbv cl©‡`i Kv‡Q wi‡cvU© K‡i|

13
3. Gw·wKDwUf g¨v‡bR‡g›U wUg: Gw•wKDwUf g¨v‡bR‡g›U wUg wmwbqi Gw•wKDwUf‡`i wb‡q
MwVZ hviv e¨v‡¼i wbw`©ó Kvh©Kix †‣θwj ZË¡veav‡bi Rb¨ `vqx| Gi g‡a¨ wewfbœ wefv‡Mi
cªavb †hgb A_©, Acv‡ikb, SyuwK e¨e¯’vcbv, gvbem¤ú` Ges wecYb AšÍf©y³| Zviv †KŠkj
ev¯Íevqb, Kg©‣gZv Pvjbv Ges mvsMVwbK j‣¨ AR©‡bi Rb¨ e¨e¯’vcbv cwiPvj‡Ki mv‡_
Nwbôfv‡e KvR K‡i|

4. kvLv †bUIqvK©: c~evjx e¨vs‡Ki mviv evsjv‡`‡k we¯Í…Z kvLv †bUIqvK© i‡q‡Q| cªwZwU kvLvi
†bZ…‡Z¡ GKRb kvLv e¨e¯’vcK _v‡Kb whwb MªvnK cwi‡lev, e¨emvwqK Dbœqb Ges wbqš¿K
wb‡`©wkKv †g‡b Pjv mn kvLvi ˆ`bw›`b Kvh©µ‡gi Rb¨ `vqx| kvLv¸wj‡Z we‡klvwqZ BDwbU ev
wefvM _vK‡Z cv‡i, †hgb LyPiv e¨vw¼s, K‡c©v‡iU e¨vw¼s, Ges †iwgU¨vÝ cwi‡lev, cªwZwU
mswkøó cwiPvjK‡`i †bZ…‡Z¡|

5. mv‡cvU© dvskb: c~evjx e¨vs‡Ki †ek K‡qKwU mnvqZv dvskb i‡q‡Q hv ms¯’v‡K cª‡qvRbxq
cwi‡lev Ges `‣Zv cª`vb K‡i| Gi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q AvBwU wefvM, AvBb I m¤§wZ wefvM,
Af¨šÍixY wbix‣v, SyuwK e¨e¯’vcbv Ges gvbem¤ú` wefvM| cªwZwU dvskb gm…Y wµqvKjvc,
cªweavb †g‡b Pjv Ges m¤ú‡`i `‣ e¨envi wbwðZ Ki‡Z ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i|

6. ÷vd: e¨vsK Kg©KZ©v, wbe©vnx Ges mnvqK ÷vd mn wewfbœ ¯Í‡i GKwU ˆewPZª¨gq Kg©x wb‡qvM
K‡i| Zviv cªwZw`‡bi wµqvKjvc, MªvnK cwi‡lev Ges e¨v‡¼i bxwZ I c×wZ ev¯Íevq‡b Ae`vb
iv‡L|

c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡U‡Wi mvsMVwbK KvVv‡gv Kvh©Ki †hvMv‡hvM, `‣ wm×všÍ MªnY Ges
Revew`wnZv e…w×i Rb¨ wWRvBb Kiv n‡q‡Q| GwU e¨vs‡Ki g‡a¨ wewfbœ ¯Íi Ges wefvM Ry‡o
KZ©…c‣, we‡klxKiY Ges mgš^‡qi my¯úó cªwZwbwa‡Z¡i AbygwZ †`q| GB KvVv‡gvwU e¨v¼‡K
Kvh©Kifv‡e Zvi MªvnK‡`i †mev Ki‡Z, wbqš¿K cª‡qvRbxqZv c~iY Ki‡Z Ges Zvi †KŠkjMZ
D‡Ïk¨¸wj AR©b Ki‡Z m‣g K‡i|

14
2.4 c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡UW cUzqvLvjx kvLvi mswÿß weeiY

c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡U‡Wi cUyqvLvjx kvLv evsjv‡`‡ki cUyqvLvjx †Rjvq Aew¯’Z GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y©
e¨vswKs BDwbU| GwU GB A‡j GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Avw_©K cªwZôvb wnmv‡e KvR K‡i, e¨w³,
e¨emv Ges K‡c©v‡iU K¬v‡q›U‡`i we¯Í…Z e¨vw¼s cwi‡lev cª`vb K‡i| GLv‡b cUyqvLvjx kvLvi
GKwU msw‣ß weeiY i‡q‡Q:

Ae¯’vb: cUyqvLvjx kvLv †KŠkjMZfv‡e cUyqvLvjx †Rjvq Aew¯’Z, hv Zvi K…wl I evwYwR¨K
Kvh©µ‡gi Rb¨ cwiwPZ| kvLvi cªK…Z wVKvbv nj [wVKvbv mwbœ‡ek Kivb]|

Advi Kiv cwi‡lev¸wj: kvLvwU Zvi MªvnK‡`i Avw_©K Pvwn`v †gUv‡Z e¨vw¼s cwi‡lev¸wji
GKwU we¯Í…Z cwimi Advi K‡i৷ GB cwi‡lev¸wji g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q:

1. AvgvbZ A¨vKvD›U: kvLvwU wewfbœ ai‡bi AvgvbZ A¨vKvD›U mieivn K‡i, †hgb †mwfsm
A¨vKvD›U, Kv‡i›U A¨vKvD›U, wd•W wW‡cvwRU A¨vKvD›U, Ges wiKvwis wW‡cvwRU A¨vKvD›U,
MªvnK‡`i wbivc` Ges myweavRbK A_© e¨e¯’vcbvi weKí¸wj Advi K‡i|

2. FY Ges AwMªg: cUyqvLvjx kvLv e¨w³MZ FY, e¨emvwqK FY, K…wl FY, Ges GmGgB FY mn
wewfbœ ai‡bi FY myweav cª`vb K‡i| GB FY cY¨¸wj e¨w³, D‡`¨v³v Ges e¨emvwqK‡`i
Avw_©K cª‡qvRbxqZv c~i‡Y mnvqZv K‡i|

3. ‡iwgU¨vÝ cwi‡lev: kvLvwU †iwgU¨vÝ cwi‡lev mnRZi K‡i, MªvnK‡`i †`kxq Ges
AvšÍR©vwZKfv‡e A_© cvVv‡Z Ges MªnY Ki‡Z m‣g K‡i| kvLvwU `‣ Ges wbivc` †iwgU¨vÝ
†jb‡`b wbwðZ K‡i, MªvnK‡`i Rb¨ Znwej ¯’vbvšÍi mn‡R Ae`vb iv‡L|

4. evwYR¨ cwi‡lev: cUyqvLvjx kvLv MªvnK‡`i‡K evwYR¨-m¤úwK©Z cwi‡lev, †hgb †jUvi Ad

†µwWU (Gjwm), Avg`vwb I ißvwb A_©vqb Ges evwYR¨ WKy‡g‡›Ukb, gm…Y AvšÍR©vwZK evwYR¨
†jb‡`‡bi myweav‡_© mnvqZv K‡i|

15
5. ˆe‡`wkK wewbgq cwi‡lev: kvLvwU we‡`kx ågb ev AvšÍR©vwZK e¨emvq RwoZ MªvnK‡`i
Pvwn`v †gUv‡Z gy`ªv wewbgq, ågY KvW© Ges ˆe‡`wkK gy`ªv A¨vKvD›U mn ˆe‡`wkK wewbgq
cwi‡lev cª`vb K‡i|

6. Ab¨vb¨ cwi‡lev: kvLvwU AwZwi³ e¨vw¼s cwi‡lev †hgb AbjvBb e¨vw¼s, GwUGg cwi‡lev
Ges BDwUwjwU wej †c‡g›U myweav cª`vb K‡i, MªvnK‡`i myweav Ges A¨v‡•m‡hvM¨Zv e…w× K‡i৷

7. MªvnK †dvKvm: cUyqvLvjx kvLv PgrKvi MªvnK †mev cª`vb Ges MªvnK‡`i mv‡_ `…p m¤úK©
M‡o Zyj‡Z cªwZkªæwZe×| kvLvwU Zvi MªvnK‡`i Abb¨ Avw_©K Pvwn`v †evSvi †Póv K‡i Ges
Zv‡`i cª‡qvRbxqZv¸wj Kvh©Kifv‡e c~iY Kivi Rb¨ Dchy³ mgvavb Advi K‡i|

m¤úª`v‡qi m¤ú…³Zv: c~evjx e¨vs‡Ki K‡c©v‡iU mvgvwRK `vqe×Zvi D‡`¨v‡Mi mv‡_ m½wZ
†i‡L, cUyqvLvjx kvLv ¯’vbxq m¤úª`v‡qi Dbœqb I Kj¨v‡Y Ae`vb †i‡L KwgDwbwU RwoZ
Kvh©µ‡g mwµqfv‡e AskMªnY K‡i|

c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡U‡Wi cUyqvLvjx kvLv cUyqvLvjx †Rjvi GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© e¨vswKs cªwZôvb
wnmv‡e KvR K‡i, e¨w³, e¨emv Ges K‡c©v‡iU K¬v‡q›U‡`i Avw_©K Pvwn`v †gUv‡Z we¯Í…Z e¨vw¼s
cwi‡lev cª`vb K‡i| MªvnK-‡Kw›`ªK `…wófw½ Ges †kªô‡Z¡i cªwZkªæwZ mn, kvLvwU GB A‡ji
A_©‰bwZK cªe…w× Ges Dbœq‡b mnvqZv Kivi †‣‡Î GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i|

16
 Z…Zxq Aa¨vq
mvwnZ¨ ch©v‡jvPbv

3.1 ‡iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs †cªvMªv‡gi msÁv Ges aviYv

‡iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs ej‡Z GK ¯’vb †_‡K Ab¨ ¯’v‡b A_© ¯’vbvšÍ‡ii mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z we‡klvwqZ
Avw_©K cwi‡lev Ges wµqvKjvc¸wj‡K †evSvq, hv mvaviYZ we‡`‡k Kg©iZ e¨w³‡`i (Awfevmx
Kg©x) Zv‡`i cwievi ev Zv‡`i †`‡k myweav‡fvMx‡`i Kv‡Q Znwej ¯’vbvšÍi RwoZ| GwU
AvšÍR©vwZK A_© ¯’vbvšÍ‡ii GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Dcv`vb Ges wek¦e¨vcx †iwg‡UÝ mnRZi Kivi †‣‡Î
GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i|

GKwU †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs †cªvMªv‡gi aviYv wbivc`, `‣ Ges mvkªqx g~‡j¨i †iwgU¨vÝ †jb‡`‡bi
myweav‡_© GKwU Avw_©K cªwZôv‡bi g‡a¨ GKwU we¯Í…Z wm‡÷g cªwZôvi mv‡_ RwoZ| †iwgU¨vÝ
¯’vbvšÍi msµvšÍ wewfbœ cwi‡mev cª`v‡bi gva¨‡g †iwgUvm© (‡cªiK) Ges myweav‡fvMx (cªvcK)
Df‡qi wbw`©ó Pvwn`v †gUv‡Z †cªvMªvgwU wWRvBb Kiv n‡q‡Q|

GKwU †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs †cªvMªv‡gi g~j Dcv`vb¸wj AšÍf©y³ _vK‡Z cv‡i:

1. ‡iwgU¨vÝ P¨v‡bj: †cªvMªvgwU A_© †cªi‡Yi Rb¨ †cªiK‡`i Rb¨ wewfbœ P¨v‡bj Advi K‡i,
†hgb e¨v¼ UªvÝdvi, AbjvBb UªvÝdvi, †gvevBj e¨vw¼s, G‡R›U †bUIqvK© ev AvšÍR©vwZK gvwb
UªvÝdvi Acv‡iUi‡`i (MTOs) mv‡_ Askx`vwiZ¡|

2. ‡iwg‡UÝ cY¨ Ges cwi‡lev: †cªvMªvgwU MªvnK‡`i wbw`©ó cª‡qvRbxqZv Abymv‡i †iwgU¨vÝ cY¨
Ges cwi‡lev mieivn K‡i| Gi g‡a¨ Zvr‣wYK ¯’vbvšÍi, Kg Li‡P ¯’vbvšÍi, cybive…Ë ¯’vbvšÍi,
†iwgU¨vÝ KvW© Ges ˆe‡`wkK gy`ªv wewbg‡qi g‡Zv g~j¨ ms‡hvRb cwi‡lev AšÍf©y³ _vK‡Z cv‡i|

3. Kgcøv‡qÝ Ges †i¸‡jUwi †dªgIqvK©: GKwU kw³kvjx †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs †cªvMªvg †iwgU¨vÝ
†jb‡`‡bi ˆeaZv Ges ¯^‧QZv wbwðZ K‡i, cªvmw½K KZ©…c‣ Øviv wba©vwiZ wbqš¿K cª‡qvRbxqZv
Ges m¤§wZ gvb †g‡b P‡j|

17
4. cªhyw³ Ges AeKvVv‡gv: †cªvMªvgwU `‣Zvi mv‡_ †iwgU¨vÝ ¯’vbvšÍi mnR Kivi Rb¨ DbœZ
cªhyw³, wbivc` †c‡g›U wm‡÷g Ges GKwU wbf©i‡hvM¨ AeKvVv‡gv e¨envi K‡i| G‡Z AbjvBb
cø¨vUdg©, †gvevBj A¨vwcø‡Kkb, †iwgU¨vÝ g¨v‡bR‡g›U wm‡÷g Ges †WUv UªvÝwgk‡bi Rb¨ GKwU
wbivc` †bUIqvK© RwoZ _vK‡Z cv‡i|

5. MªvnK mnvqZv Ges mnvqZv: GKwU †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs †cªvMªvg cªkœ¸wji mgvavb Ki‡Z,
wb‡`©wkKv cª`vb Ki‡Z Ges †iwgU¨vÝ ¯’vbvšÍi m¤úwK©Z mgm¨v¸wj mgvavb Ki‡Z DZ&mM©xK…Z
MªvnK mnvqZv cwi‡lev mieivn K‡i| Gi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q MªvnK †níjvBb, mnvqZv †K›`ª, Ges
cªwkw‣Z Kg©xiv cy‡iv cªwµqv Ry‡o MªvnK‡`i mnvqZv Kivi Rb¨|

GKwU †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vw¼s †cªvMªv‡gi cªv_wgK j‣¨ nj e¨w³‡`i mxgvbv †cwi‡q A_© cvVv‡bvi Rb¨
GKwU wbwe©Nœ Ges wbivc` cø¨vUdg© cª`vb Kiv, hv‡Z Znwej mgqgZ Ges mvkªqx c×wZ‡Z DwÏó
myweav‡fvMx‡`i Kv‡Q †cŠuQv‡bv hvq| GwUi j‣¨ †iwgU¨vÝ cªwµqv mnR Kiv, MªvnK‡`i myweav
e…w× Kiv Ges †cªiK I myweav‡fvMx Df‡qi Rb¨ AvbyôvwbK Avw_©K cwi‡lev¸wj‡Z A¨v‡•m
cª`v‡bi gva¨‡g Avw_©K AšÍf©yw³‡Z Ae`vb ivLv|

mvgwMªKfv‡e, GKwU †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs †cªvMªvg AvšÍtmxgvšÍ Avw_©K †jb‡`b mnRZi Ki‡Z,
ˆewk¦K Awfevmb‡K mg_©b Ki‡Z Ges cwievi I m¤úª`v‡qi Kv‡Q Znwej cªevn‡K m‣g Kivi
Rb¨ GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i, hvi d‡j A_©‰bwZK Dbœqb Ges Kj¨vY cªPvi K‡i|

3.2 ‡iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs Gi ¸iæZ¡ I myweavt

‡iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs wek¦ A_©bxwZ‡Z GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i Ges †ek K‡qKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y©
myweav cª`vb K‡i:

1. A_©‣bwZK mnvqZv: †iwgU¨vÝ ¯’vbvšÍi Dbœqbkxj †`k¸wj‡Z cwievi Ges m¤úª`vq¸wj‡K

¸iæZ¡c~Y© Avw_©K mnvqZv cª`vb K‡i| Zviv Av‡qi GKwU D‡jøL‡hvM¨ Drm wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i,
`vwi`ª¨ `~ixKi‡Y mvnvh¨ K‡i, RxebhvÎvi gvb DbœZ K‡i Ges A_©‰bwZK Dbœq‡b Ae`vb iv‡L|

18
2. Avw_©K AšÍf©yw³: †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs A_© †cªiYKvix Ges myweav‡fvMx Df‡qi Rb¨ AvbyôvwbK
Avw_©K cwi‡lev¸wj‡Z A¨v‡•m cª`v‡bi gva¨‡g Avw_©K AšÍf©yw³i cªPvi K‡i| GwU e¨w³‡`i
e¨vswKs e¨e¯’vi mv‡_ RwoZ n‡Z DrmvwnZ K‡i, hvi d‡j Avw_©K mv‣iZv Ges ‣gZvqb e…w×
cvq|

3, gy`ªvi w¯’wZkxjZv: †iwgU¨vÝ cªevn cªvcK †`‡k gy`ªvi w¯’wZkxjZvq Ae`vb ivL‡Z cv‡i|
Zviv ˆe‡`wkK gy`ªvi avivevwnK cªevn cª`vb K‡i, wewbgq nvi w¯’wZkxj Ki‡Z Ges A_©‰bwZK
w¯’wZkxjZv evov‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i|

4. e¨emvi my‡hvM: †iwgU¨vÝ ¯’vbvšÍi cªvcK †`‡k e¨emvi my‡hvM ˆZwi Ki‡Z cv‡i| cªvß Znwej
D‡`¨v³v Kvh©µg, †QvU e¨emvq wewb‡qvM ev ¯’vbxq D‡`¨v‡Mi weKv‡ki Rb¨ e¨envi Kiv †h‡Z
cv‡i, hv A_©‰bwZK e…w× Ges Kg©ms¯’vb m…wói w`‡K cwiPvwjZ K‡i|

3.3 ‡iwgU¨vÝ cwi‡levi aibt

1. e¨v¼ UªvÝdvi: cª_vMZ e¨v¼ UªvÝdv‡ii g‡a¨ A_© †cªiYKvixi e¨v¼ A¨vKvD›U †_‡K
myweav‡fvMxi e¨v¼ A¨vKvD‡›U mivmwi A_© ¯’vbvšÍi RwoZ| GB c×wZ Dfq c‡‣i Rb¨
wbivcËv, wbf©i‡hvM¨Zv Ges myweav cª`vb K‡i|

2. AbjvBb Ges †gvevBj UªvÝdvi: wWwRUvj cªhyw³i Avwef©v‡ei mv‡_, AbjvBb Ges †gvevBj
†iwgU¨vÝ cwi‡lev RbwcªqZv †c‡q‡Q| GB cwi‡lev¸wj †cªiK‡`i AbjvBb cø¨vUdg© ev †gvevBj
A¨vwcø‡Kk‡bi gva¨‡g B‡jKUªwbKfv‡e A_© cvVv‡Z †`q, e¨env‡i mnR Ges `ªæZ †jb‡`b cª`vb
K‡i|

3. K¨vk wcK-Avc: K¨vk wcK-Avc cwi‡lev¸wj myweav‡fvMx‡`i g‡bvbxZ G‡R›U Ae¯’vb †_‡K
bM‡` Znwej †c‡Z AbygwZ †`q| GB ai‡bi †iwgU¨vÝ cwi‡lev we‡klfv‡e Dc‡hvMx †hLv‡b
e¨vswKs AeKvVv‡gv mxwgZ, Znwe‡ji myweavRbK A¨v‡•m cª`vb K‡i|

4. wcª‡cBW †WweU KvW©: wKQy †iwgU¨vÝ cwi‡lev wcª‡cBW †WweU KvW© Advi K‡i hv Znwej
w`‡q †jvW Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| GB KvW©¸wj myweav‡fvMxiv µq, GwUGg D‡Ëvjb ev AbjvBb
†jb‡`‡bi Rb¨ e¨envi Ki‡Z cv‡ib, bgbxqZv Ges myweav cª`vb K‡i|

19
3.4 ‡iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs Gi cªeYZv Ges P¨v‡jÄ:

1. wWwRUvj iƒcvšÍi: †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs wkí wWwRUvjvB‡Rk‡bi w`‡K D‡jøL‡hvM¨ cwieZ©‡bi

m¤§yLxb n‡‧Q| AbjvBb Ges †gvevBj †iwgU¨vÝ cø¨vUdg©¸wj Uª¨vKkb AR©b Ki‡Q, myweav, Kg
LiP Ges `ªæZ †jb‡`b cª`vb Ki‡Q| hvB‡nvK, wbivc` wWwRUvj AeKvVv‡gv wbwðZ Kiv Ges
†WUv †MvcbxqZv Ges mvBevi wbivcËv msµvšÍ D‡ØM¸wj mgvavb Kiv g~j P¨v‡jÃ|

2. ‡i¸‡jUwi Gbfvqib‡g›U: A¨vw›U-gvwb jÛvwis (AML) Ges ÁvZ-Avcbvi-MªvnK (KYC)

cªweavb¸wji mv‡_ m¤§wZ †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vw¼s †m±‡i AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©৷ µgea©gvb wbqš¿K
cª‡qvRbxqZv¸wji mv‡_ Lvc LvB‡q †bIqv Ges K‡Vvi AvbyMZ¨ wbwðZ Kiv e¨vsK Ges
†iwgU¨vÝ cwi‡lev cª`vbKvix‡`i Rb¨ GKwU P¨v‡jà n‡Z cv‡i|

3. LiP nªvm: †jb‡`b wd Ges ˆe‡`wkK gy`ªvi PvR© mn †iwgU¨vÝ ¯’vbvšÍ‡ii mv‡_ hy³ D‧P LiP
GKwU Aweivg P¨v‡jÃ| †iwgU¨vÝ cwi‡lev¸wj‡K AviI mvkªqx Ges A¨v‡•m‡hvM¨ Kivi Rb¨ GB
LiP¸wj nªvm Kivi Ges g~j¨ wba©vi‡Y ¯^‧QZv evov‡bvi Dcvq¸wj mÜvb Kiv ¸iæZ¡c~Y©|

3. iwgU¨vÝ D™¢veb: wkíwU eøK‡PBb cªhyw³i g‡Zv D™¢veb cªZ¨‣ Ki‡Q, hv †iwgU¨vÝ cªwµqv‡K
÷ªxgjvBb, wbivcËv evov‡Z Ges LiP Kgv‡bvi m¤¢vebv iv‡L| GB ai‡bi D™¢veb MªnY Ges
ev¯Íevqb `‣Zv Avb‡Z cv‡i Ges Mªvn‡Ki AwfÁZv DbœZ Ki‡Z cv‡i|

4. Avw_©K AšÍf©yw³: hw`I †iwgU¨vÝ cwi‡lev¸wj Avw_©K AšÍf©yw³‡Z Ae`vb iv‡L, cªZ¨šÍ A‡j
†cŠuQv‡bvi †‣‡Î P¨v‡jøwj †_‡K hvq, †hLv‡b e¨vw¼s AeKvVv‡gv Ges cwi‡lev¸wj‡Z A¨v‡•m
mxwgZ| G‡R›U †bUIqv‡K©i weKvk Ges wWwRUvj Avw_©K cwi‡lev m¤úªmviY GB P¨v‡jøwj
KvwU‡q DV‡Z mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z cv‡i|

5. MªvnK AwfÁZv: e¨enviKvix-evÜe B›Uvi‡dm, `‣ Awf‡hvM mgvavb cªwµqv Ges

e¨w³MZK…Z cwi‡levi gva¨‡g Mªvn‡Ki AwfÁZv e…w× Kiv †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vw¼s cª`vbKvix‡`i
cªwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK _vKvi Ges MªvnK‡`i a‡i ivLvi Rb¨ AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©|

20
 PZz_© Aa¨vq
Z_¨ we‡kølY I djvdj

4.1 c~e©vjx e¨vsK wjwg‡UW †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs Kvh©µg

Kg©m~yPxi D‡Ïk¨ t

"c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡UW" cUyqvLvjx kvLvi †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs †cªvMªv‡gi D‡Ïk¨¸wj AšÍf©y³ Ki‡Z
cv‡i:

1. MªvnK mš‘wó evov‡bv: †cªvMªvgwUi j‣¨ nj `‣, wbf©i‡hvM¨ Ges MªvnK-‡Kw›`ªK †iwgU¨vÝ
cwi‡lev cª`vb Kiv hv MªvnK‡`i cªZ¨vkv I Pvwn`v c~iY K‡i| MªvnK mš`wó wbwðZ Kiv GKwU
cªv_wgK D‡Ïk¨, KviY GwU e¨vs‡Ki †iwgU¨vÝ cwi‡levi cªwZ AvbyMZ¨ Ges wek¦vm ˆZwi K‡i|

2. ‡iwgU¨vÝ fwjDg evov‡bv: †cªvMªvgwU cªwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK wewbgq nvi, Kg UªvÝdvi wd Ges

we¯Í…Z †iwgU¨vÝ P¨v‡b‡ji gva¨‡g †iwgU¨vÝ †jb‡`‡bi GKwU e…nËi cwigvY AvKl©Y Kivi †Póv
K‡i| D‡Ïk¨ nj †iwgU¨vÝ e¨emvq e¨vs‡Ki gv‡K©U †kqvi evov‡bv Ges †iwgU¨vÝ dv‡Ûi cªevn
me©vwaK Kiv|

3. MwZ Ges myweav wbwðZ Kiv: †cªvMªvgwUi j‣¨ †iwgU¨vÝ cªwµqv‡K ÷ªxgjvBb Ges Z¡ivwš^Z
Kiv, †jb‡`‡bi mgq nªvm Kiv Ges †iwgU¨vÝ cwi‡lev¸wj‡Z myweavRbK A¨v‡•m cª`vb Kiv|
GB D‡Ïk¨wU cªhyw³i e¨envi, Kg©cªevn AwÞgvBR Kiv Ges †iwgU¨vÝ ¯’vbvšÍ‡ii MwZ Ges myweav
evov‡Z e¨enviKvix-evÜe B›Uvi‡dm cª`v‡bi Dci `…wó wbe× K‡i|

21
4. m¤§wZ Ges wbivcËv †Rvi`vi Kiv: †cªvMªvgwU †iwgU¨vÝ †jb‡`‡bi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z wbqš¿K
cª‡qvRbxqZv Ges wk‡íi gvb¸wji mv‡_ m¤§wZ wbwðZ Ki‡Z Pvq| GB D‡Ï‡k¨i g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q
gReyZ A¨vw›U-gvwb jÛvwis (GGgGj) Ges Rvbv-Avcbvi-MªvnK (‡KIqvBwm) e¨e¯’v ev¯Íevqb,
†WUv myi‣v evov‡bv Ges †iwgU¨vÝ ¯’vbvšÍ‡ii mv‡_ RwoZ RvwjqvwZi SyuwK nªvm Kiv|

5. ‡iwgU¨vÝ †bUIqvK© m¤úªmviY: †cªvMªvgwUi j‣¨ †iwgU¨vÝ cwi‡levi Kfv‡iR Ges

A¨v‡•m‡hvM¨Zv evov‡bvi Rb¨ mswkøó e¨v¼, †iwgU¨vÝ G‡R›U Ges AvšÍR©vwZK gvwb UªvÝdvi
Acv‡iUi‡`i (MTOs) †bUIqvK© m¤úªmviY Kiv| GB D‡Ïk¨ MªvnK‡`i Rb¨ GKwU we¯Í…Z bvMvj
cª`v‡bi Rb¨ Askx`vwiZ¡ Ges mn‡hvwMZvi Dci †dvKvm K‡i|

6. Avw_©K AšÍf©yw³i cªPvi: †cªvMªvgwU e¨v¼wenxb ev AvÛvie¨v¼W e¨w³‡`i Kv‡Q †iwgU¨vÝ

cwi‡lev cªmvwiZ K‡i Avw_©K AšÍf©yw³‡Z Ae`vb ivLvi †Póv K‡i| D‡Ïk¨ nj Ggb e¨w³‡`i
Rb¨ mvkªqx g~‡j¨i Ges A¨v‡•m‡hvM¨ †iwgU¨vÝ weKí¸wj cª`vb Kiv hv‡`i AvbyôvwbK Avw_©K
cwi‡lev¸wj‡Z mxwgZ A¨v‡•m i‡q‡Q|

7. µgvMZ DbœwZ Ges D™¢veb: GB †cªvMªvgwUi j‣¨ †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs‡q µgvMZ DbœwZ Ges
D™¢ve‡bi ms¯‹…wZ M‡o †Zvjv| D™¢vebx †iwgU¨vÝ cY¨, cwi‡lev Ges ˆewkó¨¸wj cªeZ©b Kivi
Rb¨ D`xqgvb cªhyw³, wk‡íi cªeYZv Ges MªvnK‡`i cQ›`¸wj m¤ú‡K© mg`~i‡Z¡ ivLv GB D‡Ïk¨
RwoZ|

GB D‡Ïk¨¸wj mw¤§wjZfv‡e c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡U‡Wi †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs †cªvMªvg‡K cUyqvLvjx

A‡j †iwgU¨vÝ cwi‡levi GKwU kxl©¯’vbxq cª`vbKvix wnmv‡e cªwZôv Kiv, MªvnK mš`wó, m¤§wZ,
wbivcËv Ges Avw_©K AšÍf©yw³ wbwðZ Kiv|

22
‰ewkó¨ Ges cwi‡lev Advi:
GKvwaK †iwgU¨vÝ P¨v‡bj: †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs †cªvMªvg e¨vsK ¯’vbvšÍi, AbjvBb ¯’vbvšÍi, †gvevBj
e¨vswKs Ges G‡R›U †bUIqvK© mn †iwgU¨vÝ ¯’vbvšÍ‡ii Rb¨ wewfbœ P¨v‡bj Advi K‡i| GwU
MªvnK‡`i Zv‡`i †iwgU¨vÝ Pvwn`vi Rb¨ me‡P‡q Dchy³ c×wZ †e‡Q †bIqvi †‣‡Î bgbxqZv
Ges myweav cª`vb K‡i|

1. cªwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK wewbgq nvi: MªvnKiv hv‡Z Zv‡`i †iwgU¨vÝ ¯’vbvšÍ‡ii Rb¨ me©vwaK g~j¨
cvb Zv wbwðZ Ki‡Z †cªvMªvgwU cªwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK wewbgq nvi Advi Kivi †Póv K‡i|

2. Kg UªvÝdvi wd: c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡U‡Wi j‣¨ nj cªwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK ¯’vbvšÍi wd cª`v‡bi

gva¨‡g mvkªqx g~‡j¨i †iwgU¨vÝ cwi‡lev cª`vb Kiv, hv‡Z MªvnKiv Zv‡`i myweav‡fvMx‡`i Kv‡Q
mvkªqx g~‡j¨ A_© cvVv‡Z cv‡ib|

3. `ªæZ Ges wbivc` †jb‡`b: †cªvMªvgwU `‣ Ges wbivc` †iwgU¨vÝ †jb‡`‡bi Dci `…wó wbe×
K‡i, myweav‡fvMx‡`i Kv‡Q mgqgZ Ges wbivc` A_© ¯’vbvšÍi wbwðZ K‡i| Gi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q `…p
wbivcËv e¨e¯’v ev¯Íevqb Ges ¯’vbvšÍi cªwµqv Z¡ivwš^Z Kivi Rb¨ cªhyw³ e¨envi Kiv|

4. g~j¨ ms‡hvRb cwi‡lev: c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡U‡Wi †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs †cªvMªvg MªvnK‡`i
AwfÁZv evov‡Z AwZwi³ cwi‡lev w`‡Z cv‡i| GB cwi‡lev¸wj‡Z ˆe‡`wkK gy`ªv wewbgq,
†iwgU¨vÝ civgk©, ¯’vbvšÍ‡ii Uª¨vwKs Ges wbwðZKiY Ges †iwgU¨vÝ-m¤úwK©Z MªvnK mnvqZv
AšÍf©y³ _vK‡Z cv‡i|

j‣¨ MªvnK‡`i:

cUyqvLvjx kvLvq c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡U‡Wi †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs †cªvMªvg wewfbœ MªvnK‡`i j‣¨ K‡i,
hvi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q:

23
1. Awfevmx kªwgK: †cªvMªvgwU we‡`‡k Kg©iZ e¨w³‡`i c~iY K‡i hv‡`i Zv‡`i †`‡k Zv‡`i
cwievi Ges wbf©ikxj‡`i Kv‡Q A_© †diZ cvVv‡Z n‡e|

2. cwievi Ges myweav‡fvMx: †cªvMªvgwU cwievi Ges myweav‡fvMx‡`i Pvwn`v c~iY K‡i hviv
we‡`‡k Kg©iZ Zv‡`i AvZ¥xq‡`i KvQ †_‡K †iwgU¨vÝ MªnY K‡i| Gi g‡a¨ Ggb e¨w³‡`i
AšÍf©y³ hviv Zv‡`i ˆ`bw›`b RxebhvÎvi e¨q, wk‣v, ¯^v¯’¨‡mev ev wewb‡qv‡Mi Rb¨ †iwgU¨vÝ
¯’vbvšÍ‡ii Dci wbf©i K‡i|

3. ‡QvU e¨emv Ges D‡`¨v³v: †cªvMªvgwU †QvU e¨emv Ges D‡`¨v³v‡`i j‣¨ Ki‡Z cv‡i hviv
AvšÍR©vwZK evwY‡R¨ RwoZ Ges Zv‡`i e¨emvwqK †jb‡`‡bi Rb¨ `‣ Ges mvkªqx †iwgU¨vÝ
cwi‡levi cª‡qvRb|

wbqš¿K KvVv‡gv:

c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡U‡Wi †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs †cªvMªvg †K›`ªxq e¨vsK Ges evsjv‡`‡ki Ab¨vb¨
cªvmw½K wbqš¿K KZ©…c‣ Øviv cªwZwôZ wbqš¿K KvVv‡gvi g‡a¨ KvR K‡i| †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs
Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv K‡i Ggb g~j wbqš¿K wb‡`©wkKv Ges cª‡qvRbxqZv¸wji g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q:

1. evsjv‡`k e¨vs‡Ki cªweavb: c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡UW evsjv‡`‡ki †K›`ªxq e¨vsK, evsjv‡`k
e¨vsK KZ©…K Rvwi Kiv cªweavb I wb‡`©kbv †g‡b P‡j| GB cªweavb¸wj A¨vw›U-gvwb jÛvwis
(GGgGj) Ges mš¿vmev` we‡ivax A_©vqb (wmwUGd) e¨e¯’v, Avcbvi-Mªvn‡Ki (‡KIqvBwm)
cª‡qvRbxqZv¸wj Ges wi‡cvU© Kivi eva¨evaKZvi g‡Zv w`K¸wj‡K AšÍf©y³ K‡i৷

24
2. d‡ib G·‡PÄ †i¸‡jkbm: †cªvMªvgwU ˆe‡`wkK gy`ªv wbqš¿Y bxwZ Ges wb‡`©wkKv¸wji mv‡_
m¤§wZ wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ evsjv‡`k e¨vsK KZ©…K wba©vwiZ ˆe‡`wkK gy`ªv cªweavb †g‡b P‡j|

3. gvwb UªvÝdvi Acv‡iUi (MTO) †i¸‡jkbm: hw` †cªvMªvgwU AvšÍR©vwZK gvwb UªvÝdvi
Acv‡iUi‡`i mv‡_ mn‡hvwMZv K‡i, Zvn‡j GwU‡K Aek¨B mswkøó wbqš¿K KZ©…c‣ Øviv wba©vwiZ
MTO-Gi Rb¨ wbw`©ó cªweavb Ges jvB‡mwÝs cª‡qvRbxqZv †g‡b Pj‡Z n‡e|

c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡U‡Wi †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs †cªvMªvg AvBwb Ges wbqš¿K KvVv‡gvi g‡a¨ KvR K‡i,
†iwgU¨vÝ †jb‡`‡bi ALÐZv I ¯^‧QZv eRvq ivLvi Rb¨ mg¯Í cª‡hvR¨ AvBb I cªweavb †g‡b Pjv
wbwðZ K‡i|

4.2 Òc~e©vjx e¨vsK wjwg‡UWÓ cUzqvLvjx kvLvi †iwgU¨vÝ Kvh©µg

cªwµqv cªevn Ges WKy‡g‡›Ukb:

1. ‡iwgU¨vÝ m~Pbv: †iwgU¨vÝ cªwµqv ïiæ nq Mªvn‡Ki GKwU †iwgU¨vÝ Aby‡iva ïiæ Kivi
gva¨‡g| GwU wewfbœ P¨v‡b‡ji gva¨‡g Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i †hgb kvLvq e¨w³MZfv‡e, AbjvBb
e¨vw¼s, †gvevBj e¨vw¼s ev Aby‡gvw`Z G‡R›U‡`i gva¨‡g|

2. MªvnK hvPvBKiY Ges †KIqvBwm: e¨v¼ Mªvn‡Ki cwiPq hvPvB K‡i Ges wbqš¿K cª‡qvRbxqZv
Øviv eva¨Zvg~jKfv‡e cª‡qvRbxq Rvbv-Avcbvi-MªvnK (‡KIqvBwm) c×wZ¸wj m¤úv`b K‡i|
Gi g‡a¨ Mªvn‡Ki Z_¨, kbv³KiY bw_ msMªn Kiv Ges Mªvn‡Ki SyuwK †cªvdvBj g~j¨vqb Kiv
RwoZ|

25
3. ‡iwgU¨vÝ wb‡`©kbv: MªvnK †iwgU¨v‡Ýi Rb¨ cª‡qvRbxq wek` weeiY cª`vb K‡i, hvi g‡a¨
myweav‡fvMxi Z_¨, cvVv‡bvi cwigvY Ges †iwg‡UÝ ¯’vbvšÍ‡ii cQ‡›`i †gvW|

4. ‡jb‡`b cªwµqvKiY: e¨vsK Mªvn‡Ki A¨vKvD›U †WweU K‡i ev Mªvn‡Ki KvQ †_‡K bM` MªnY
K‡i †iwgU¨vÝ †jb‡`b cªwµqv K‡i| †jb‡`‡bi weeiY e¨v‡¼i wm‡÷‡g †iKW© Kiv nq|

5. Kgcøv‡qÝ †PK: e¨v¼ wbqš¿K cª‡qvRbxqZv †g‡b Pjv wbwðZ Ki‡Z Ges m‡›`nRbK
Kvh©Kjvc mbv³ Ki‡Z A¨vw›U-gvwb jÛvwis (AML) Ges KvD›Uvi-‡UiwiRg dvBb¨vwÝs (CTF)
¯Œxwbs mn Kgcøv‡qÝ †PK K‡i|

6. ‡iwgU¨vÝ Gw·wKDkb: e¨v¼ Zvi mswkøó e¨v¼, AvšÍR©vwZK gvwb UªvÝdvi Acv‡iUi (MTO)
ev Ab¨vb¨ Aby‡gvw`Z P¨v‡b‡ji gva¨‡g DcKvi‡fvMxi Kv‡Q Znwej ¯’vbvšÍi K‡i| †iwgU¨vÝ
m¤ú‡K© myweav‡fvMx‡K AewnZ Kiv nq Ges Znwej `vwe Kivi Rb¨ cª‡qvRbxq weeiY cª`vb Kiv
nq|

7. wbwðZKiY Ges WKy‡g‡›Ukb: e¨v¼ MªvnK‡K GKwU †jb‡`‡bi †idv‡iÝ b¤^i mn †iwgU¨vÝ
†jb‡`‡bi wbwðZKiY cª`vb K‡i| cªvmw½K WKy‡g‡›Ukb †hgb †iwgU¨vÝ civgk©, iwm`, ev
†jb‡`‡bi wee…wZI MªvnK‡K cª`vb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

Kv÷gvi m¤úK©hy³ e¨ve¯’vcÎ:

‡iwgU¨vÝ e¨vw¼s-G MªvnK m¤úK© e¨e¯’vcbv (CRM) MªvnK‡`i mv‡_ `…p m¤úK© M‡o †Zvjv,
Zv‡`i AwfÁZv e…w× Ges Mªvn‡Ki mš`wó me©vwaK Kivi j‡‣¨ †KŠkj Ges Abykxjb RwoZ|
†iwgU¨vÝ e¨vw¼s‡q CRM-Gi g~j w`K¸wji g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q:

26
1. e¨w³MZK„Z cwi‡lev: e¨v¼ MªvnK‡`i cQ›`mB cwi‡lev cª`v‡bi Rb¨ e¨w³MZ Pvwn`v Ges
cQ›`¸wj †evSvi †Póv K‡i| Gi g‡a¨ cQ‡›`i †iwgU¨vÝ P¨v‡bj Advi Kiv, †jb‡`‡bi mZK©Zv
cª`vb Ges wbw`©ó Mªvn‡Ki cª‡qvRbxqZv m‡¤^vab Kiv AšÍf©y³ _vK‡Z cv‡i|

2. `¶ †K¨vqvix †i‡RvwjDkb: Mªvn‡Ki cªkœ, D‡ØM Ges Awf‡hv‡Mi `ªæZ Ges `‣ mgvavb
GKwU BwZevPK MªvnK m¤úK© eRvq ivLvi Rb¨ AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| e¨v¼ Kvh©Ki †hvMv‡hv‡Mi
gva¨g, wb‡ew`Z MªvnK mnvqZv Ges Mªvn‡Ki wRÁvmvi mgqgZ cªwZwµqv wbwðZ K‡i|

3. Mªvn‡Ki m¤ú…³Zv Ges wk¶v: e¨vsK MªvnK‡`i †iwgU¨vÝ cwi‡lev, wewbgq nvi, wd Ges
mvgwMªK †iwgU¨vÝ cªwµqv m¤ú‡K© Zv‡`i †evSvcov evov‡bvi Rb¨ wk‣vg~jK D‡`¨vM, Avw_©K
mv‣iZv †cªvMªvg Ges Z_¨g~jK DcKi‡Yi gva¨‡g Zv‡`i mv‡_ RwoZ _v‡K|

4. AvbyMZ¨ †cªvMªvg: Nb Nb MªvnK‡`i cyi¯‹…Z Ki‡Z Ges †iwgU¨vÝ cwi‡lev¸wji Ae¨vnZ

e¨envi‡K DZ&mvwnZ Kivi Rb¨ e¨vsK AvbyMZ¨ †cªvMªvg ev cª‡Yv`bv cªeZ©b Ki‡Z cv‡i| G‡Z
wd, †evbvm c‡q›U ev GK‡PwUqv Advi¸wji g‡Zv myweav AšÍf©y³ _vK‡Z cv‡i|

‡iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs‡q SyuwK e¨e¯’vcbv:

‡iwgU¨vÝ †jb‡`‡bi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z m¤¢ve¨ SyuwK¸wj wPwýZ Ki‡Z, g~j¨vqb Ki‡Z Ges cªkwgZ
Ki‡Z †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs‡q SyuwK e¨e¯’vcbv Acwinvh©| †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs‡q SyuwK e¨e¯’vcbvi g~j
†‣θwji g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q:

27
1. Kgcøv‡qÝ SyuwK: Avw_©K Aciva, gvwb jÛvwis Ges mš¿v‡m A_©vq‡bi SyuwK Kgv‡Z †iwgU¨vÝ
e¨v¼¸wj‡K Aek¨B wbqš¿K cª‡qvRbxqZv †g‡b Pj‡Z n‡e, †hgb AML Ges KYC cªweavb|

2. Acv‡ikbvj SyuwK: Af¨šÍixY cªwµqv, cªhyw³i e¨_©Zv, gvbweK ÎæwU ev wm‡÷‡gi `ye©jZvi
mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z SyuwK¸wj kw³kvjx Acv‡ikbvj wbqš¿Y, wbqwgZ ch©‡e‣Y Ges AvKw¯§K
cwiKíbvi gva¨‡g cªkwgZ nq|

3. RvwjqvwZi SyuwK: †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vw¼s‡q cªZviYvg~jK Kvh©Kjv‡ci SyuwK RwoZ, †hgb cwiPq
Pywi, Rvj bw_, ev Mªvn‡Ki Z‡_¨ Abby‡gvw`Z A¨v‡•m| RvwjqvwZi SyuwK Kgv‡Z kw³kvjx
wbivcËv e¨e¯’v, †jb‡`b gwbUwis wm‡÷g Ges Kg©Pvix cªwk‣Y cª‡qvM Kiv nq|

4. Zvij¨ SyuwK: Awej‡¤^ Mªvn‡Ki †iwgU¨v‡Ýi Aby‡iva †gUv‡Z †iwgU¨vÝ e¨v¼¸wj‡K ch©vß
Zvij¨ wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| Zvij¨ SyuwK Kgv‡Z Kvh©Ki Zvij¨ e¨e¯’vcbv †KŠkj Ges ch©‡e‣Y
cªwµqv cª‡qvM Kiv nq|

m¤§wZ Ges AvBwb w`K

‡iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs‡q m¤§wZ Ges AvBbMZ w`K¸wj wbqš¿K cª‡qvRbxqZv †g‡b Pjv, ¯^‧QZv eRvq
ivLv Ges SyuwK Kgv‡bvi Rb¨ AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs‡q wKQy ¸iæZ¡c~Y© m¤§wZ Ges
AvBwb w`K¸wji g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q:

1. A¨vw›U-gvwb jÛvwis (GGgGj) Ges KvD›Uvi-‡UiwiRg dvBb¨vwÝs (wmwUGd) Kgcøv‡qÝ: gvwb

jÛvwis, mš¿vmx A_©vqb Ges Ab¨vb¨ A‰ea Kvh©Kjvc cªwZ‡iva Ki‡Z †iwgU¨vÝ e¨v¼¸wj‡K
Aek¨B GGgGj Ges wmwUGd cªweavb¸wj †g‡b Pj‡Z n‡e| Gi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q `…p Kv÷gvi wWD

28
wWwj‡RÝ (CDD) c×wZ ev¯Íevqb, †jb‡`b wbix‣Y Ges m‡›`nRbK Kvh©Kjv‡ci wel‡q
mswkøó KZ©…c‣‡K wi‡cvU© Kiv|

2, Avcbvi Mªvn‡Ki (‡KIqvBwm) cª‡qvRbxqZv¸wj Rvbyb: †KIqvBwm c×wZi Ask wnmv‡e

†iwgU¨vÝ e¨v¼¸wj‡K MªvnK mbv³KiY Z_¨ msMªn Ges hvPvB Ki‡Z n‡e| Gi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q ˆea
kbv³KiY bw_ cvIqv, Mªvn‡Ki cwiPq hvPvB Kiv Ges wbqš¿K eva¨evaKZv †g‡b Pjv wbwðZ
Ki‡Z Zv‡`i SyuwKi †cªvdvBj g~j¨vqb Kiv|

3. d‡ib G·‡PÄ †i¸‡jkbm: †iwgU¨vÝ e¨v¼¸wj‡K Aek¨B †m›Uªvj e¨v¼ ev cªvmw½K wbqš¿K
KZ©…c‣ Øviv cªwZwôZ ˆe‡`wkK gy`ªvi cªweavb¸wj †g‡b Pj‡Z n‡e| Gi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q ˆe‡`wkK
gy`ªv wewbgq wbqš¿Y bxwZ †g‡b Pjv, ˆe‡`wkK gy`ªvi †jb‡`‡bi †iKW© eRvq ivLv Ges cª‡qvRb
Abyhvqx ˆe‡`wkK gy`ªvi cªevn I ewntcªev‡ni cªwZ‡e`b Kiv|

4. ‡WUv †MvcbxqZv Ges wbivcËv: †iwgU¨vÝ e¨v¼¸wj Mªvn‡Ki Z‡_¨i †MvcbxqZv Ges wbivcËv
wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ `vqx| Abby‡gvw`Z A¨v‡•m, j․Nb ev Ace¨envi †_‡K Mªvn‡Ki †WUv i‣v
Kivi Rb¨ †WUv myi‣v AvBb Ges cªweavb¸wji mv‡_ m¤§wZ AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©|

5. ‡fv³v myi¶v AvBb: †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vsK¸wj‡K Aek¨B MªvnK‡`i mv‡_ b¨vh¨ AvPiY, wd Ges
wewbgq nv‡i ¯^‧QZv Ges Mªvn‡Ki Awf‡hvM I we‡iv‡ai mgvav‡bi cªwµqv wbwðZ Ki‡Z †fv³v
myi‣v AvBb †g‡b Pj‡Z n‡e| Gi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q ¯úó Ges e¨vcK kZ©vejx cª`vb, cªvmw½K Z_¨
cªKvk Kiv Ges Kvh©Ki MªvnK Awf‡hvM cwiPvjbv c×wZ eRvq ivLv|

6. ‡i¸‡jUwi wi‡cvwU©s Ges WKy‡g‡›Ukb: †iwgU¨vÝ e¨v¼¸wj‡K wbqš¿K cª‡qvRbxqZv Abyhvqx

†iwgU¨vÝ †jb‡`‡bi mwVK †iKW© Ges WKy‡g‡›Ukb eRvq ivL‡Z n‡e| Gi g‡a¨ †jb‡`‡bi

29
†iKW©, †iwgU¨vÝ civgk©, iwm`, Ges wbix‣v, m¤§wZ Ges cªwZ‡e`‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ Ab¨vb¨ cªvmw½K
bw_ AšÍf©y³ i‡q‡Q|

7. AvšÍR©vwZK wb‡lavÁv Ges wb‡lavÁv: †iwgU¨vÝ e¨v¼¸wj‡K Aek¨B wbqš¿K KZ©…c‡‣i Øviv
Av‡ivwcZ AvšÍR©vwZK wb‡lavÁv Ges wb‡lavÁv †g‡b Pj‡Z n‡e| Gi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q g‡bvbxZ
ms¯’v ev e¨w³i weiæ‡× †iwgU¨vÝ †jb‡`b ¯Œxb Kiv Ges A‰ea Znwej ¯’vbvšÍi †iva Ki‡Z
wb‡lavÁvi ZvwjKvi mv‡_ m¤§wZ wbwðZ Kiv|

GB w`K¸wji mv‡_ m¤§wZ wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨, †iwgU¨vÝ e¨v¼¸wj Af¨šÍixY bxwZ, c×wZ Ges
wbqš¿Y ¯’vcb K‡i, wbqwgZ AwWU Ges g~j¨vqb cwiPvjbv K‡i, m¤§wZ Ges AvBwb eva¨evaKZv
m¤ú‡K© Kg©x‡`i cªwk‣Y cª`vb K‡i Ges wbqš¿K I AvBwb cª‡qvRbxqZv¸wj †g‡b Pjv wbwðZ
Kivi Rb¨ Pjgvb ch©‡e‣Y Ges wi‡cvwU©s cªwµqv eRvq iv‡L|

4.3 Òc~e©vjx e¨vsK wjwg‡UWÓ cUzqvLvjx kvLvi †iwg‡UÝ Gi we‡kølY I g~j¨vqb

Kg©‣gZv †gwUª• Ges g~j m~PK:

c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡U‡Wi †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs †cªvMªv‡gi Kg©‣gZv g~j¨vqb Ki‡Z, wbgœwjwLZ g~j
Kg©‣gZv †gwUª• Ges m~PK¸wj we‡ePbv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i:

1. ‡iwg‡UÝ fwjDg: GB †gwUªK GKwU wbw`©ó mg‡qi g‡a¨ †cªvMªvg Øviv cªwµqvK…Z †iwgU¨vÝ
†jb‡`‡bi †gvU cwigvY cwigvc K‡i| GwU †cªvMªv‡gi gv‡K©U †kqvi Ges e…w×i AšÍ`©…wó cª`vb
K‡i|

30
2. ‡iwg‡UÝ g~j¨: GB †gwUªK †cªvMªvg Øviv cªwµqvK…Z †iwgU¨vÝ †jb‡`‡bi †gvU g~j¨ MYbv K‡i|
GwU A‡ji mvgwMªK Avw_©K cªev‡n †cªvMªv‡gi Ae`vb g~j¨vqb Ki‡Z mnvqZv K‡i|

3. MªvnK AwaMªn‡Yi nvi: GB m~PKwU †mB nvi‡K cwigvc K‡i hv †cªvMªvg Øviv bZyb MªvnK‡`i
AwR©Z nq| GwU MªvnK‡`i AvKl©Y Ges a‡i ivLvi †cªvMªv‡gi ‣gZv cªwZdwjZ K‡i|

4. ‡jb‡`b cªwµqvKiY mgq: GB †gwUªK †iwgU¨vÝ †jb‡`b cªwµqv Kivi Mo mgq cwigvc K‡i
†cªvMªv‡gi Kvh©KvwiZv g~j¨vqb K‡i| GKwU msw‣ß cªwµqvKiY mgq DbœZ `‣Zv wb‡`©k K‡i|

5. wewbgq nvi cªwZ‡hvwMZvg~jKZv: GB †gwUªK Ab¨vb¨ evRvi †L‡jvqvo‡`i Zyjbvq †cªvMªv‡gi

wewbgq nv‡ii cªwZ‡hvwMZvi g~j¨vqb K‡i| GwU Mªvn‡Ki mš`wó‡K cªfvweZ K‡i Ges MªvnK‡`i
†iwgU¨vÝ cwi‡lev cª`vbKvixi cQ›`‡K cªfvweZ K‡i|

6. LiP-‡_‡K-Avq AbycvZ: GB AbycvZ †iwgU¨vÝ cwi‡lev †_‡K DZ&cbœ Av‡qi mv‡_ †cªvMªv‡gi
Acv‡iwUs Li‡Pi Zyjbv K‡i| GwU †cªvMªv‡gi LiP `‣Zv Ges jvfRbKZv g~j¨vqb Ki‡Z
mvnvh¨ K‡i|

‡cªvMªv‡gi Kvh©KvwiZv :

‡iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs †cªvMªv‡gi Kvh©KvwiZv wbgœwjwLZ welq¸wj we‡ePbv K‡i g~j¨vqb Kiv †h‡Z
cv‡i:

31
1. ‡jb‡`‡bi MwZ: `ªæZ Ges mgqgZ †iwgU¨vÝ ¯’vbvšÍi cª`v‡bi Rb¨ †cªvMªv‡gi m‣gZv
Acwinvh©| `‣ cªwµqv, myweb¨¯Í Kg©cªevn, Ges AwÞgvBRW cªhyw³ `ªæZ †jb‡`b cªwµqvKi‡Y
Ae`vb iv‡L|

2. wbf©yjZv Ges wbf©i‡hvM¨Zv: †cªvMªvgwU j‣¨K…Z myweav‡fvMx‡`i Kv‡Q Znwe‡ji mwVK ¯’vbvšÍi
wbwðZ Ki‡e| ÎæwU Ges Am½wZ¸wj nªvm Kiv †cªvMªv‡gi wbf©i‡hvM¨Zv Ges Mªvn‡Ki Av¯’v
evovq|

3. LiP-Kvh©KvwiZv: cªwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK wewbgq nvi, Kg ¯’vbvšÍi wd Ges g~j¨ ms‡hvRb cwi‡lev

cª`v‡bi †‣‡Î †cªvMªv‡gi e¨q `‣Zv ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| `‣ LiP e¨e¯’vcbv MªvnK‡`i AvK…ó Ki‡Z
†cªvMªv‡gi Kvh©KvwiZv Ae`vb iv‡L|

4.Kgcøv‡qÝ Ges wi¯‥ g¨v‡bR‡g›U: wbqš¿K cª‡qvRbxqZv¸wji mv‡_ Kvh©Ki m¤§wZ Ges
†Rviv‡jv SyuwK e¨e¯’vcbv Abykxjb¸wj m¤§wZ-m¤úwK©Z mgm¨v¸wj‡K nªvm K‡i Ges †iwgU¨vÝ
†jb‡`‡bi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z SyuwK¸wj nªvm K‡i|

MªvnK mš‘wó Ges cªwZwµqv:

‡iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs †cªvMªv‡gi mvd‡j¨i Rb¨ MªvnK mš`wó g~j¨vqb Ges cªwZwµqv msMªn Kiv AZ¨šÍ
¸iæZ¡c~Y©| MªvnK mš`wó cwigvc Ges cªwZwµqv msMªn Kivi †KŠkj¸wji g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q:

1. MªvnK mgx¶v: †cªvMªv‡gi wewfbœ w`K †hgb Mªvn‡Ki AwfÁZv, cwi‡levi ¸Ygvb Ges myweavi
wel‡q cªwZwµqv msMª‡ni Rb¨ mgx‣v cwiPvjbv Kiv| GwU DbœwZi Rb¨ †‣θwj mbv³ Ki‡Z
Ges MªvnK mš`wói gvÎv cwigvc Ki‡Z mnvqZv K‡i|

32
2. Awf‡hv‡Mi mgvavb: Mªvn‡Ki mš`wó eRvq ivLvi Rb¨ Mªvn‡Ki Awf‡hv‡Mi mgqgZ Ges
Kvh©Ki mgvavb Acwinvh©| Awf‡hvM mgvav‡bi †gwUª• ch©‡e‣Y Kiv Ges Mªvn‡Ki D‡Ø‡Mi
mgvavb Awej‡¤^ MªvnK mš`wó‡Z Ae`vb iv‡L|

3. ‡bU cª‡gvUvi †¯‥vi (NPS): NPS nj GKwU †gwUªK hv Mªvn‡Ki AvbyMZ¨ Ges mš`wó cwigvc
Ki‡Z e¨eüZ nq| G‡Z MªvnK‡`i Ab¨‡`i Kv‡Q †cªvMªvgwU mycvwik Kivi m¤¢vebv †iU Ki‡Z
ejv RwoZ| GKwU D‧P GbwcGm D‧PZi MªvnK mš`wó Ges AvbyMZ¨ wb‡`©k K‡i|

P¨v‡jÄ Ges my‡hvM:

c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡U‡Wi †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs †cªvMªvg wewfbœ P¨v‡j‡Ãi gy‡LvgywL n‡Z cv‡i Ges Gi
Kvh©µ‡g my‡hv‡Mi m¤§yLxb n‡Z cv‡i| wKQy P¨v‡jà Ges my‡hvM AšÍf©y³:

P¨v‡jÄ:

1. Zxeª evRvi cªwZ‡hvwMZv: †cªvMªvgwU Ab¨vb¨ e¨v¼, Avw_©K cªwZôvb Ges †iwgU¨vÝ cwi‡lev
cª`vbKvix D`xqgvb wdb‡UK †Kv¤úvwb¸wji cªwZ‡hvwMZvi m¤§yLxb n‡Z cv‡i|

wbqš¿K m¤§wZ: weKwkZ AML, KYC, Ges Ab¨vb¨ wbqš¿K cª‡qvRbxqZv †g‡b Pjv P¨v‡jwÃs n‡Z
cv‡i| cwieZ©bkxj cªweav‡bi mv‡_ Zvj wgwj‡q Pjv Ges cª‡qvRbxq e¨e¯’v ev¯Íevqb Kiv AZ¨šÍ
¸iæZ¡c~Y©|

2. cªhyw³ Ges AeKvVv‡gv: Avc-Uy-‡WU cªhyw³ AeKvVv‡gv, kw³kvjx wbivcËv e¨e¯’v, Ges
AvšÍR©vwZK †iwgU¨vÝ †bUIqv‡K©i mv‡_ wbiew‧Qbœ GKxKiY eRvq ivLv P¨v‡jwÃs n‡Z cv‡i|

33
my‡hvM:

1. µgea©gvb †iwgU¨vÝ evRvi: Awfevmx Kg©x‡`i µgea©gvb msL¨v Ges wek¦vqb GKwU
µgea©gvb †iwgU¨vÝ evRv‡i cª‡ek Kivi Rb¨ †cªvMªv‡gi Rb¨ my‡hvM †`q|

2. cªhyw³MZ AMªMwZ: wWwRUvj cªhyw³, †gvevBj e¨vw¼s Ges AbjvBb cø¨vUd‡g© AMªMwZi myweav
cª`vb Ki‡Z cv‡i|

34
 cÂg Aa¨vq
mycvwikgvjv I Dcmsnvi

5.1 mycvwikgvjv
cwi‡lev mieiv‡ni DbœwZ:
1. cªwµqv A‡Uv‡gkb: g¨vbyqvj cªwµqv¸wj‡K ¯^qswµq Ki‡Z Ges †iwgU¨vÝ cªwµqv‡K
÷ªxgjvBb Ki‡Z DbœZ cªhyw³i mgvavb cª‡qvM Kiæb| GwU gvby‡li ÎæwU Kwg‡q †`‡e, `‣Zv
evov‡e Ges `ªæZ †jb‡`b cªwµqvKiY m‣g Ki‡e|

2. ewa©Z ¯^”QZv: MªvnK‡`i wewbgq nvi, wd Ges †iwgU¨vÝ †jb‡`‡bi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z Ab¨
†h‡Kvb PvR© m¤úwK©Z ¯úó Ges wek` Z_¨ cª`vb K‡i ¯^‧QZv DbœZ Kiæb| GwU MªvnK‡`i ÁvZ
wm×všÍ wb‡Z Ges Av¯’v ˆZwi Ki‡Z mnvqZv Ki‡e|

3. wi‡qj-UvBg Uª¨vwKs: Ggb GKwU wm‡÷g ˆZwi Kiæb hv MªvnK‡`i wi‡qj-UvB‡g Zv‡`i
†iwgU¨vÝ †jb‡`‡bi Ae¯’v Uª¨vK Ki‡Z †`q| ¯’vbvšÍ‡ii AMªMwZ m¤ú‡K© Avc‡WU cª`vb ¯^‧QZv
e…w× Ki‡e Ges MªvnK‡`i gvbwmK kvwšÍ cª`vb Ki‡e|

4. GKvwaK †iwgU¨vÝ P¨v‡bj: MªvnK‡`i wewfbœ Pvwn`v Ges cQ›` †gUv‡Z wewfbœ †iwgU¨vÝ
P¨v‡bj Advi K‡i| Gi g‡a¨ AbjvBb e¨vw¼s, †gvevBj A¨vcm, G‡R›U †bUIqvK© ev Ab¨vb¨
Avw_©K cªwZôvb ev A_© ¯’vbvšÍi Acv‡iUi‡`i mv‡_ Askx`vwiZ¡ AšÍf©y³ _vK‡Z cv‡i|

Mªvn‡Ki AwfÁZv evov‡bv:

1. e¨w³MZK„Z cwi‡lev: MªvnK‡`i Zv‡`i cQ›` Ges †jb‡`‡bi BwZnv‡mi Dci wfwË K‡i
e¨w³MZK…Z cwi‡lev cª`v‡bi Dci †dvKvm Kiæb| e¨w³MZ Mªvn‡Ki Pvwn`v †gUv‡Z Ges wbwe©Nœ
AwfÁZv cª`v‡bi Rb¨ †hvMv‡hvM Ges Advi¸wj‡K Zyjyb|

35
2. DbœZ MªvnK mg_©b: Mªvn‡Ki cªkœ Ges D‡Ø‡Mi Rb¨ ZvZ&‣wYK Ges Ávbc~Y© cªwZwµqv wbwðZ
Kivi gva¨‡g MªvnK mg_©b‡K kw³kvjx Kiæb| my-cªwkw‣Z Kg©x‡`i g‡a¨ wewb‡qvM Kiæb hviv
MªvnK‡`i `‣ Ges eÜyZ¡c~Y© mnvqZv cª`vb Ki‡Z cv‡i|

3. myweav Ges A¨v‡·m‡hvM¨Zv: wbwðZ Kiæb †h MªvnKiv mn‡R Ges myweavRbKfv‡e †iwgU¨vÝ
cwi‡lev¸wj A¨v‡•m Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Gi g‡a¨ ewa©Z kvLvi mgq, ¯^-cwi‡lev wKq¯‹, ev
e¨enviKvix-evÜe wWwRUvj cø¨vUdg©¸wj AšÍf©y³ _vK‡Z cv‡i hv MªvnK‡`i †h †KvbI RvqMv
†_‡K †jb‡`b ïiæ Ki‡Z †`q|

SyuwK cªkgb †K․kj:

1. `…p m¤§wZ e¨e¯’v: GGgGj, †KIqvBwm Ges Ab¨vb¨ Avw_©K cªweav‡bi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z wbqš¿K
SyuwK¸wj cªkwgZ Kivi Rb¨ m¤§wZg~jK e¨e¯’v¸wj DbœZ Kiæb| †Kv‡bv m¤¢ve¨ m¤§wZ j․Nb
mbv³ Ges cªwZ‡iva Kivi Rb¨ cy․Lvbycy․L ch©‡e‣Y Ges wi‡cvwU©s wm‡÷g ev¯Íevqb Kiæb|

2. RvwjqvwZ mbv³KiY Ges cªwZ‡iva: DbœZ RvwjqvwZ mbv³KiY wm‡÷g cª‡qvM Kiæb Ges
†h‡Kv‡bv m‡›`nRbK Kvh©Kjv‡ci Rb¨ µgvMZ †jb‡`b wbix‣Y Kiæb| m¤¢ve¨ RvwjqvwZi SyuwK
m¤ú‡K© MªvnK‡`i wkw‣Z Kiæb Ges Kxfv‡e wb‡R‡`i i‣v Ki‡eb Zvi wb‡`©wkKv cª`vb Kiæb|

3. mvBevi wbivcËv e¨e¯’v: Mªvn‡Ki †WUv i‣v Ki‡Z Ges Abby‡gvw`Z A¨v‡•m ev †WUv j․Nb
†iva Ki‡Z mvBevi wbivcËv e¨e¯’v †Rvi`vi Kiæb| wbqwgZ wbivcËv †cªv‡UvKj Avc‡WU Kiæb
Ges †cªvMªv‡gi AeKvVv‡gv myiw‣Z wbwðZ Ki‡Z `ye©jZvi g~j¨vqb cwiPvjbv Kiæb|

fwel¨r e„w× Ges m¤úªmviY:

1. ‡f․MwjK m¤úªmviY: D‧P †iwgU¨vÝ cªevn mn m¤¢ve¨ evRvi¸wj wPwýZ Kiæb Ges †mB
AÂj¸wj‡Z †cªvMªv‡gi bvMvj m¤úªmvi‡Yi K_v we‡ePbv Kiæb৷ G‡Z bZyb kvLv †Lvjv ev
†iwgU¨vÝ †mev cª`v‡bi Rb¨ ¯’vbxq Avw_©K cªwZôv‡bi mv‡_ Askx`vwiZ¡ RwoZ _vK‡Z cv‡i|

36
2. Askx`vwiZ¡ Ges †RvU: AvšÍR©vwZK e¨v¼, gvwb UªvÝdvi Acv‡iUi, ev wdb‡UK †Kv¤úvwb¸wji
mv‡_ †cªvMªv‡gi †bUIqvK© cªmvwiZ Ki‡Z Ges GKwU e…nËi MªvnK †em A¨v‡•m Ki‡Z †KŠkjMZ
Askx`vwiZ¡ MVb Kiæb| GwU †`k¸wji we¯Í…Z cwim‡ii mv‡_ †iwgU¨v‡Ýi Av`vb-cª`vb mnRZi
Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges †cªvMªv‡gi cªwZ‡hvwMZv evov‡Z cv‡i|

3. cY¨ •ewPZª¨: †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs m¤úwK©Z bZyb cY¨ Ges cwi‡lev¸wj cªeZ©b Kiæb, †hgb
†mwfsm A¨vKvD›U, wewb‡qv‡Mi weKí, ev g~j¨ ms‡hvRb cwi‡lev| GwU MªvnK‡`i AviI e¨vcK
Avw_©K mgvavb cª`vb Ki‡e Ges AwZwi³ ivR¯^ ÷ªxg ˆZwi Ki‡e|

4. MªvnK AvbyMZ¨ †cªvMªvg: cybive…Ë MªvnK‡`i DrmvwnZ Ki‡Z Ges cyi¯‹…Z Ki‡Z MªvnK
AvbyMZ¨ †cªvMªvg¸wj ev¯Íevqb Kiæb| Kg wd, GK‡PwUqv Advi, ev †evbvm c‡q‡›Ui g‡Zv
myweav¸wj Advi Kiæb hv wewfbœ cwi‡lev ev cY¨`ª‡e¨i Rb¨ wiwWg Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

GB †KŠkj¸wj ev¯Íevq‡bi gva¨‡g, c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡U‡Wi †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs †cªvMªvg cwi‡lev
mieiv‡ni DbœwZ Ki‡Z cv‡i, Mªvn‡Ki AwfÁZv evov‡Z cv‡i, SyuwK Kgv‡Z cv‡i Ges fwel¨‡Z
†iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs Lv‡Z cªe…w× I m¤úªmvi‡Yi Rb¨ wb‡R‡K Ae¯’vb Ki‡Z cv‡i|

37
5.2 Dcmsnvi
Dcmsnv‡i, c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡U‡Wi cUyqvLvjx kvLvi †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs Kvh©µg ch©v‡jvPbv
Kiv n‡q‡Q, Ges †ek wKQy ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Z_¨ D‡V G‡m‡Q| GB A‡ji e¨w³ Ges e¨emvi Rb¨
†iwgU¨vÝ cªevn mnRZi Kivi Rb¨ †cªvMªvgwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i| GwU Znwe‡ji `ªæZ
Ges wbivc` ¯’vbvšÍi, cªwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK wewbgq nvi Ges `¶ MªvnK mnvqZv mn wewfbœ
cwi‡lev Ges •ewkó¨ mieivn K‡i|

ch©v‡jvPbv Ry‡o, GwU ¯úó n‡q D‡V‡Q †h †cªvMªvgwU wbqš¿K cª‡qvRbxqZvi mv‡_ m¤§wZ wbwðZ
Ki‡Z Ges GKwU kw³kvjx SyuwK e¨e¯’vcbv KvVv‡gv eRvq ivLvi Rb¨ cªksmbxq cª‡Póv
K‡i‡Q| e¨w³MZK„Z cwi‡lev, ¯^”Q †hvMv‡hvM Ges cwi‡lev mieiv‡n µgvMZ DbœwZi gva¨‡g
MªvnK mš‘wói Dci †Rvi †`Iqv nq|

hvB‡nvK, ch©v‡jvPbvi mgq wKQy mxgve×Zv Ges P¨v‡jÄ wPwýZ Kiv n‡qwQj, hvi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q
cªhyw³ Avc‡MªW, myweb¨¯Í WKy‡g‡›Ukb cªwµqv Ges DbœZ MªvnK wk¶vi cª‡qvRbxqZv| GB
†¶Î¸wj †cªvMªv‡gi Kvh©KvwiZv, Kvh©KvwiZv Ges MªvnK AwfÁZv‡K AviI evov‡bvi Rb¨
DbœwZi my‡hvM †`q|

GwU mycvwik Kiv nq †h c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡U‡Wi cUyqvLvjx kvLv GB ch©v‡jvPbvq cª`Ë
mycvwik¸wj †hgb cªhyw³i Avc‡MªW, DbœZ MªvnK wk¶v, Ges myweb¨¯Í WKy‡g‡›Ukb cªwµqv¸wj
ev¯Íevqb Kivi K_v we‡ePbv K‡i| GB e¨e¯’v¸wj D‡jøL‡hvM¨fv‡e cwi‡lev cª`vb, MªvnK mš‘wó
Ges mvgwMªK †cªvMªvg Kg©¶gZv DbœZ Ki‡Z cv‡i|

ZØ&hZxZ, †cªvMªvgwU wbqš¿K cª‡qvRbxqZv, SyuwK cªkgb †K․kj Ges MªvnK-‡Kw›`ªK D‡`¨vM¸wji
mv‡_ m¤§wZi Dci †dvKvm Pvwj‡q hvIqv DwPZ| GB w`K¸‡jv mgvavb K‡i, †cªvMªvgwU
†iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs evRv‡i Zvi Ae¯’vb‡K kw³kvjx Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges fwel¨‡Zi e„w× I
m¤úªmvi‡Yi my‡hvM¸‡jv‡K Kv‡R jvMv‡Z cv‡i|

38
mvgwMªKfv‡e, c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡U‡Wi cUyqvLvjx kvLvi †iwgU¨vÝ e¨vswKs †cªvMªvg MªvnK‡`i
Pvwn`v †gUv‡Z Ges †iwgU¨vÝ PjvP‡ji myweav‡_© Zvi A½xKvi cª`k©b K‡i‡Q| Pjgvb DbœwZ
Ges P¨v‡jÄ †gvKv‡ejv Kivi Rb¨ GKwU mwµq c×wZi mv‡_, †cªvMªvgwU Zvi cwi‡lev¸wj‡K
AviI DbœZ Ki‡Z, Mªvn‡Ki mš‘wó Ges A‡ji A_©‣bwZK Dbœq‡b Ae`vb ivL‡Z fvj
Ae¯’v‡b i‡q‡Q|

39
Z_¨m~Î
1. c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡UW| (nd)| https://www.pubalibangla.com/ †_‡K
msM…nxZ
2. evsjv‡`k e¨vsK| (nd)| https://www.bb.org.bd/ †_‡K msM…nxZ
3. Lvb, GgG, Ges Bmjvg, GgGm (2019)| †iwgU¨vÝ cªevn Ges evsjv‡`‡ki
A_©bxwZ‡Z Gi cªfve| B›Uvib¨vkbvj Rvb©vj Ad B‡Kvbwg•, Kgvm© A¨vÛ g¨v‡bR‡g›U,
7(2), 34-45|
4. wek¦ e¨vsK. (2021)| gvB‡Mªkb Ges †iwg‡UÝ: mv¤úªwZK Dbœqb Ges AvDUjyK|
https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/migrationremittancesdiasporai
ssues/brief/migration-remittances-data †_‡K msM…nxZ
5. dvBb¨vwÝqvj A¨vKkb Uv¯‹ †dvm© (FATF)| (2021)| mycvwik. https://www.fatf-
gafi.org/recommendations/ †_‡K msM…nxZ
6. evsjv‡`kx gvwb UªvÝdvi Acv‡iUi A¨v‡mvwm‡qkb| (2021)| http://www.bmtoa-
bd.org/ †_‡K msM…nxZ
7. c~evjx e¨vsK wjwg‡U‡Wi evwl©K cªwZ‡e`b|
8. wmwÏKx, GgGbG, Ges AvwRg, GgAvB (2019)| K‡c©v‡iU Mf‡b©Ý Ges `…p
Kg©‣gZv: evsjv‡`‡ki ZvwjKvfy³ e¨vsK †_‡K cªgvY| weR‡bm A¨vÛ wi‡Uj
g¨v‡bR‡g›U wimvP© Rvb©vj, 13(4), 65-76|
9. myjZvbv, Gb., Ges ingvb, GgGm (2019)| K‡c©v‡iU Mf‡b©Ý Ges `…p Kg©‣gZv:
evsjv‡`k †_‡K cªgvY| `¨ Rvb©vj Ad †W‡fjwcs Gwiqvm, 53(4), 231-246|
10. DwÏb, GgGm, wmwÏKx, GgGbG, Ges †di‡`Šmx, Gd. (2019)| e¨vs‡Ki Avw_©K
Kg©‣gZvi Dci K‡c©v‡iU Mf‡b©‡Ýi cªfve: evsjv‡`k †_‡K cªgvY| Rvb©vj Ad
A¨vcøvBW A¨vKvDw›Us wimvP©, 20(3), 405-425|
11. Rvgvb, GgGm, DwÏb, GgGg, I ingvb, GgGm (2018)| K‡c©v‡iU Mfb©&hvÝ Ges
Avw_©K Kg©‣gZv: evsjv‡`‡k A-Avw_©K ZvwjKvfy³ ms¯’v¸wji cªgvY| B›Uvib¨vkbvj
Rvb©vj Ad wWm‡K¬vRvi A¨vÛ Mf‡b©Ý, 15(2), 115-129|

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