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    11 views10 pages

    Class 1

    Uploaded by

    Habib Imam

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    of 10
    Simple Sentence - La Phrase Simple In the first chapter, we are going to focus on simple sentences and learn the different components, the different articles, and simple conjugations. ‘Simple sentences are built the same way as in English, apart from the almost always present articles before nouns. They consist of a subject, a conjugated verb, an article, and a noun. AUDIO 1.14) Je mange une pomme. / aim eating an apple. © Je is the subject - | ‘mange is the conjugated verb - am eating une is the article - an Pomme is the noun - apple Subject + conjugated verb + article + noun A few other ones: Tu regardes un film. You are watching a movie © Tu is the subject - You regardes is the conjugated verb ~ are watching un is the article - a film is the noun ~ movie Wboit un jus d'orange. He is drinking orange juice. © Iis the subject - He boit is the conjugated verb - is drinking un is the article - an Jus d’orange is the noun - orange juice Je suis une femme. / am a woman. © Je is the subject - | suis is the conjugated verb - am une is the article ~ a femme is the noun - woman Tues un homme. You are a man. © Tuis the subject - You es is the conjugated verb - are un is the article ~ 2 homme is the noun ~ man Note: Like in English, some nouns are made of more than one word, such as jus d’orange - orange juice. Remember to dovnload the audio of te lists and to watch the videos ~ see Preface Indefinite Articles - Les Articles Indéfinis ‘As mentioned in the introduction of this book, French nouns have genders. ‘They are either masculine or feminine. They are also influenced by numbers, which we will look into in the next chapter, But before that, it's important to learn at least one type of article. | like to start with the indefinite articles for a very simple reason: it’s easy to see if a noun is masculine or feminine when preceded by an indefinite article. Indefinite articles change depending on if the noun is masculine, feminine, singular, or plural. We use them to talk about unspecified things or people. They translate to a, an, and some in English. We use indefinite articles to talk about unspecified things or people. AUDIO 2.1 «9 MASCULIN FEMININ SINGULIER Un - a, an Une ~ 3, an Un gargon ~ a boy Une fille ~ a girl Un appartement ~ an apartment Une orange - an orange PLURIEL Des - some / any Des - some / any Des garcons - sorne boys Des filles - some girls Des appartements - some apartment Des oranges - some oranges Note: AAs you can see, the spelling of the article doesn't change if the noun starts with a vowel. When in English, a becomes an, in French, the article stays consistent. However, the pronunciation changes. We add a liaison between the article and the noun when the article ends with a consonant (un or des) and the noun starts with a vowel or a silent h: Un appartement = un Nappartement - an apartment Des appartements = des Zappartements - some apartments Des oranges = des Zoranges - some oranges Don't forget! In French, we always have an article before a noun. Only in very rare cases can we omit it. We will come back on this later in this book. Remember to download the audio ofthe lists and to watch the videos ~ see Preface 13 ‘What if there is more than one noun in the same sentence? | we look again at our reference sentence and we add a pear: Je mange une pomme et une poire. | am eating an apple and a pear. Always add an article before a noun, There are only a few cases when we dor What about des? Des can be translated to some or any, but sometimes it will simply not be use Jal des poux. / have lice, Elle a des examens. She has some exams. Remember to download the audio of the lists —————xmx<=~_-_— =## = =— | Gender of Nouns - Le Genre des Noms But first, what is anoun? AUDIO 3.14) Nouns represent the greatest part of the vocabulary used in a language. How many of them you know will determine your language level. They are used to name everything you see or think about. It can be: + An object: un téléphone - a phone + Aperson: un homme - a man + An animal: un chien - 2 dog + Aplace: une ville - a city ‘+ And more! In French, every noun is assigned a gender. Unlike in English, articles in front of the noun don't change depending on the person they refer to but depending on the gender of the noun. Another difference is that there is no neutral. Everything is either masculin or fér Every noun is either masculin or féminin. Neutral doesn't exist in French. The obvious gender: AUDIO 3.24) For some nouns, finding the gender is obvious, especially when we talk about people: MASCULIN FEMININ Un garcon - a boy Une fille ~ 2 girt Un homme - a man Une femme - a woman Un oncle ~ an uncle Une tante ~ an aunt Un grand-pére - a grandfather Une grand-mare - a grandmother Un frére - a brother Une sceur ~ a sister But not all nouns are as simple as that. For most of them, you will have to know the gender by heart. To make it easier, always study nouns with their articles, especially indefnite articles “un ~ une ~ des” that we saw before. Why? Because “un ~ une ~ des” don't change if the noun starts with a vowel or a silent h, untike “le = ta (the), which will change to “t" when the noun starts with a vowel or a silent h, making it impossible to know if a noun is. magsculin or féminin by looking at the gender since “” can be masculin or féminin, More on this in the next point. Because of this, always study nouns preceded by the articles “un ~ une’ gender this way. It will be easier to remember the Remember to download the audio ofthe lists and to wateh the videos ~ see Preface The 90% Rule aupio 3.3 «) The 90% rule is what | usually advise students to use when they start learning French. French nouns can end with almost any letter. But it appears that 90% of the nouns ending with E are feminine It's an important rule of thumb. Une plante - 2 plant Une fenétre - a window Une couverture - a blanket ‘Some masculine nouns ending with a letter other than E: Un fauteuil ~ an armchair Un tabouret - a stool Un rideau ~ a curtain Easy, isn't it? Well, not too fast. As | said, | only advise using this rule at the beginning because there is more t than that. Let's see all the different categories, shall we? Masculine Nouns Some specific endings are masculi AUDIO 3.4

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