ACCRA TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY INDEX NUMBER

FACULTY OF APPLIED SCIENCES

DEPARTMENT OF MEDICAL LABORATORY TECHNOLOGY

COURSE TITLE: STATISTICAL METHODOLOGY

COURSE CODE: MLB 219
The name given to a study which involves the entire population is a …..(1)….. However, if the
study involves a part of the population it is known as a …..(2)…… The complete set of objects or
individuals that an investigator is interested in studying is a …..(3)….. The subset which the
investigator actually studies is a …..(4)….. When data is taken directly at source and used for an
intended purpose, it is referred to as a …..(5)…..data, but if it is extracted from already existing
records, it is a …..(6)…..data.

(1) (A) descriptive (B) census (C) survey (D) sampling

(2) (A) descriptive (B) census (C) survey (D) sampling
(3) (A) population (B) census (C) survey (D) sample
(4) (A) population (B) census (C) survey (D) sample
(5) (A) primary (B) population (C) internal (D) secondary
(6) (A) primary (B) population (C) internal (D) secondary

Statistics is the total process of …..(7)….., organizing, analysing or processing and …..(8)…..
data. A numerical measure that describes the characteristics of a population is known as …..(9)
….. whereas a numerical measure that describes the characteristics of a sample is known as …..
(10)…

(7) (A) collating (B) collecting (C) producing (D) sampling

(8) (A) concluding (B) translating (C) interpreting (D) finalising
(9) (A) sample (B) population (C) parameter (D) statistic
(10) (A) sample (B) population (C) parameter (D) statistic

In a grouped frequency table, the first two class intervals are 1 – 5 and 6 – 10. Use this
information to answer questions 11 to 12.
(11) What is the lower class boundary for the second class?
(A) 5.0 (B) 5.5 (C) 6.0 (D) 6.5

(12) What is the class mark for the first class?

(A) 0.5 (B) 1 (C) 3 (D) 5.5
 (13) All the following are probability sampling methods excepts
(A) Stratified sampling
(B) Systematic sampling
(C) Quota sampling
(D) Cluster sampling

The chart below shows a diagrammatic presentation of the details about the deposits, loans and
investments, all in millions of Ghana Cedis, of a bank with branches all over Ghana from the
year 2015 to 2018. Use it to answer questions 14 to 18.
200
190
180
170
160
150
140
130
AMOUNT (GH¢)

120
110
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
2015 2016 2017 2018

DEPOSITS LOANS INVESTMENTS

(14) Identify the chart drawn above.

(A) Simple Bar Chart (B) Multiple Bar chart (C) Component Bar Chart
(C) Percentage Bar Chart

(15) What is the amount of Deposits for the year 2015?

(A) GH¢85M (B) GH¢90M (C) GH¢83M (D) GH¢93M
 (16) What is the amount of Loans for the year 2016?
(A) GH¢62M (B) GH¢70M (C) GH¢85M (D) GH¢89M

(17) What is the total amount of Deposits for the entire period?
(A) GH¢100M (B) GH¢311M (C) GH¢335M (D) GH¢770M

(18) Which year had the least amount of Investments?

(A) 2015 (B) 2016 (C) 2017 (D) 2018

(19) ……….is also known as arithmetic average

(A) Dispersion
(B) Range
(C) Quartile
(D) Mean

(20) Statistics performs the following important functions except

(A) facilitates comparison of data
(B) guides in the formulation of policies
(C) distorting facts in a chronological order
(D) helps in forecasting future events

The table below shows the frequency distribution of the monthly salaries of some orderlies at the
Accra Technical University Medical Centre.

Salary 250 – 260 – 270 – 280 – 290 – 300 – 310 –

(GH¢) 259 269 279 289 299 309 319

No. of 8 10 16 14 10 5 2
orderlies

Use it to answer questions 21 to 23:

(21) The lower limit of the sixth class is
(A) 299 (B)300 (C)309 (D) 310
(22) The upper limit of the fourth class is
(A) 279 (B)280 (C)289 (D) 290
(23) The class size of the second class is
(A) 8 (B)9 (C)10 (D) 11
The chart below shows a diagrammatic presentation of the details about the deposits, loans and
investments, all in millions of Ghana Cedis, of a bank with branches all over Ghana from the
year 2015 to 2018. Use it to answer questions 24 to 27.
100

90

80

70
AMOUNT (GH¢)

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
2015 2016 2017 2018

DEPOSITS LOANS INVESTMENTS

(24) Identify the chart drawn above.

a.Simple Bar Chart (B) Multiple Bar chart (C) Component Bar Chart
(D)Percentage Bar Chart

(25) What is the amount of Deposits for the year 2015?

(B) GH¢85M (B) GH¢90M (C) GH¢83M (D) GH¢93M

(26) What is the total amount of Deposits for the entire period?
(B) GH¢100M (B) GH¢311M (C) GH¢359M (D) GH¢770M

(27) Which year had the least amount of Investments?

(B) 2015 (B) 2016 (C) 2017 (D) 2018
(28) All the following are measures of dispersion except
a. Range
b. Geometric mean
c. Standard deviation
d. Variance

(29) All the following are probability sampling techniques except

a. Stratified sampling
b. Simple random sampling
c. Purposive sampling
d. Systematic sampling

(30) When a researcher considers only part of a ……………, he conducts a ………

a. population, sample survey
b. population, population census
c. sample, population census
d. sample, sample survey

(31) Statistics as a subject is defined as…………………………………………………………

a. The use of figures to represent data
b. Figures and diagrams used in science or the social sciences
c. A body of techniques used to facilitate the collection, organization, presentation,
analysis and interpretation of information for the purpose of making better decisions.
d. None of the above

(32) In a distribution where there are extreme values or outliers, which measure of central
tendency is worst to use?

a. Mode c. Mean
b. Median d. Standard deviation

(33) In a symmetric distribution, ……………………………………………………

a. The mean is the largest measure of location
b. The mean, median and mode are equal
c. The median is the largest measure of location
 d. The standard deviation is the largest value
(34) Which of the following is the best measure to compare variations in two groups of data?

a. Standard deviation c. Variance

d. Coefficient of variation
b. Range

(35) Which of the following is not an example of a continuous variable?

a. Weight of new born babies in a hospital
b. Length of babies at birth
c. Number of children per household
d. None of the above

For questions 12 to 14, indicate the scale of measurement of the data described in
each case

(36) Temperature of room

a. Nominal c. Interval
b. Ordinal d. Ratio

(37) Colour of new born babies in a maternity ward

a. Nominal c. Interval
b. Ordinal d. Ratio

(38) Educational qualification of workers in an institution

a. Nominal b. Ordinal
 c. Interval d. Ratio

(39) The scores obtained by 11 students in a STAT 100 test are 15, 7, 5, 6, 12, 17, 9, 4, 8, 6
and 11. What is the distribution of the scores?

a. Symmetrical c. Negatively skewed

b. Positively skewed d. Cannot be determined

(40) All the following are probability sampling techniques excerpt

a. Stratified sampling
b. Simple random sampling
c. Purposive sampling
d. Systematic sampling

(41) Under which condition would the standard deviation assume a negative value?

a. When all the data values are negative

b. When more than half of the data values are negative
c. If all the data values are the same
d. The standard deviation cannot be negative
 (42) According to an opinion pool involving 100,000 Ghanaians, 70% wants smoking at
public places to be punishable. We then concluded that majority of Ghanaians wants
smoking at public places to be punishable. This is an example of

(A) Descriptive Statistics

(B) Inferential Statistics
(C) Population Statistics
(D) Sample Statistics

(43) When a researcher considers only part of a ……………, he conducts a ……… and any
computed summary from that is known as a ……………..………………

a. population, sample survey, statistic

b. population, population census, statistic
c. sample, population census, parameter
d. sample, sample survey, parameter

The chart below shows a diagrammatic presentation of the details about the deposits, loans and
investments, all in millions of Ghana Cedis, of a bank with branches all over Ghana from the
year 2015 to 2018. Use it to answer questions 44 to 47.
 200
190
180
170
160
150
140
130
AMOUNT (GH¢)

120
110
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
2015 2016 2017 2018

DEPOSITS LOANS INVESTMENTS

(44) Identify the chart drawn above.

(B) Simple Bar Chart (B) Multiple Bar chart (C) Component Bar Chart
(D) Percentage Bar Chart

(45) What is the amount of Loans for the year 2015?

(C) GH¢75M (B) GH¢90M (C) GH¢83M (D) GH¢93M

(46) What is the amount of Deposits for the year 2016?

(B) GH¢62M (B) GH¢80M (C) GH¢85M (D) GH¢89M

(47) What is the total amount of investments for the entire period?
(C) GH¢100M (B) GH¢311M (C) GH¢335M (D) GH¢770M
(48) Which of the following is a branch of statistics?
(A) Descriptive statistics
(B) Inferential statistics
(C) Industry statistics
(D) Both A and B
(49) To which of the following options do individual respondents, focus groups, and
panels of respondents belong?
(A) Primary data sources
(B) Secondary data sources
(C) Itemised data sources
(D) Pointed data sources
(50) What are the variables whose calculation is done according to the weight, height,
and length known as?
(A) Flowchart variables
(B) Discrete variables
(C) Continuous variables
(D) Measuring variables
(51) In a set of 21 observations, the mean is 20 and the median is 15. There are three values
that are 16, and all other values are different. What is the mode?

(A) 15 (B) 20 (C) 16 (D) cannot be computed

(52) Which of the following is qualitative variable

(A) Colors of students t-shirts at a programme
(B) Times it takes to write a test
(C) Weights of patients who visit a hospital
(D) Number of calculators sold to students in a semester

(53) Data that can be classified according to color are measured on what scale?
(A) Nominal (B) Ratio (C) Ordinal (D) Interval

(54) The number of absences per year that a worker has is an example of what type of data?
(A) Nominal (B) Qualitative (C) Discrete (D) Continuous

(55) What is another name for the ogive?

(A) Histogram
(B) Frequency polygon
(C) Cumulative frequency curve
(D) Pareto chart
(56) Which of the following indicates positive skewness?
 (A) Mean < median < mode
(B) mean = median = mode
(C) mean > median > mode
(D) none of the above

(57) the prominent meaning of statistics is

(A) Data, its analysis, and interpretation
(B) Observation of samples
(C) Method for analysing numbers
(D) Conducting census

(58) The class mid-points are necessary to draw which of the following graphs?
(A) Frequency polygon (B) Bar chart (C) Pie chart (D) Histogram

(59) Which of the following is not a merit of the census method?

(A) Results are representative
(B) Results are reliable
(C) Intensive study is possible
(D) Inappropriate method of enumeration

(60) The basic objective of sampling study is

(A) To draw inference
(B) To check units of population
(C) To collect numerical data
(D) To make census

(61) What is the characteristic of the sample which is selected randomly?

(A) It is not average of the whole
(B) It would be representative
(C) It would not be equal to the population
(D) All the above

(62) The …… of a set of observations or scores is obtained by dividing the sum of all the
values by the total number of values
(A) Mean
(B) Median
(C) Mode
(D) Dispersion

(63) The most frequently occurring score in a distribution

 (A) Mean
(B) Mode
(C) Median
(D) Quartile
(64) ………..provides a shorthand summary of data
(A) Frequency table
(B) Simple table
(C) Cross table
(D) Two way table

(65) ………… is constructed by erecting vertical lines on the limits of the class boundaries
marked on the horizontal axis.
(A) Frequency polygon
(B) Histogram
(C) Line graph
(D) Bar charts

(66) …… is a line chart plotted on arithmetic graph paper from a cumulative frequency
distribution that may be cumulated downward or upward.
(A) Lorenz curve
(B) Bar charts
(C) Ogive
(D) Pictograms

(67) The extent of variability is measured by

(A) Central tendency
(B) Measures of dispersion
(C) Arithmetic mean
(D) Co-relation

(68) ……….measures the difference between the highest and lowest scores of a distribution.
(A) Range
(B) Dispersion
(C) Co-relation
(D) Regression

(69) ……….. is drawn on the basis of cumulative frequencies.

(A) Cumulative frequency polygon
 (B) Frequency polygon
(C) Histogram
(D) Graphs
(70) A characteristic of an item or an individual that will be analyzed using statistics
(A) Attribute
(B) Theory
(C) Paradigm
(D) Variable

(71) ……….is also known as arithmetic average

(E) Dispersion
(F) Range
(G) Quartile
(H) Mean

In a grouped frequency table, the first two class intervals are 1 – 10 and 11 – 20. Use this
information to answer questions 14 & 15.
(72) What is the lower class boundary for the second class?
(B) 10.0 (B) 10.5 (C) 11.0 (D) 11.5

(73) What is the class mark for the first class?

(B) 10 (B) 1 (C) 3 (D) 5.5

(74) Which of the following values is used as a summary measure for a sample, such as a
sample mean?
(A) Population parameter
(B) Sample parameter
(C) Sample statistic
(D) Population mean