Independent Work 1 (6 год)

Topic: Preschool Education. Preschool Education in Ukraine

Vocabulary List
1. Read and memorize the following words:
1. Initial Початковий

2. Fee-paying Сплачувати
3. Infant age-group Ясельна вікова група
4. Junior age-group Молодша вікова група

5. Middle age-group Середня вікова група

6. Senior age-group Старша вікова група
7. Average Середнє
8. Workload Навантаження
9. Per week На тиждень
10. Curriculum Навчальний план
11. Aim Мета
12. Aesthetic Естетичний
13.To provide for Забезпечувати протягом
14. Mental Розумовий
15. Promote Підвищувати
16. Measure Міра
17.Disorder Безладдя
18. Establishment Установа
19. Immediately Негайно, невідкладно
20. Habit Звичка

21.Skill Спритність
22. Occupy Займати
23. Ability Здібність

2. Read, translate and retell the text:

Preschool Education in Ukraine
Present day independent Ukraine has a well-developed system of education which matches
the standards of the developed countries.
Preschool education is the initial component in the system of continuous education, the
formation and development of personality. It is not compulsory and is fee-paying.
 Most parents take their children to nursery schools or kindergartens at the age of 3. These
children attend an infant age-group. There are also junior preschool, middle preschool and senior
preschool age-groups.
Each age-group has its own programme of education. The average workload for children is
fifteen lessons per week, each lesson lasts thirty minutes.
The development of children's moral qualities and aesthetic tastes and their physical
condition occupy a central place in the curriculum of preschool education. With older children
more attention is paid to the development of their abilities, memory, thinking and language
skills.
The aim of preschool education is to provide for the physical and mental health of
children, promote their self-development, and create habits and skills necessary to study at
school.
Young children are under the constant observation of doctors. The children grow up
healthy and strong. Anything out of the usual is immediately noticed and necessary measures are
taken. All teachers of kindergarten have been specially trained and the classes for children are
given at a high professional level. But at the nursery school children not only study. Most of the
time they play. They have many toys.
There are special nursery schools and groups for children with physical or mental
disorders. At these establishments the medical and pedagogical work is aimed at correction of
mental and physical defects.

Дошкільна освіта в Україні

Сучасна незалежна Україна має розвинену систему освіти, яка відповідає стандартам
розвинених країн.
Дошкільна освіта є вихідною ланкою в системі неперервної освіти, формування та
розвитку особистості. Воно не є обов'язковим і є платним.
Більшість батьків віддають дітей до дитячих шкіл або дитячих садків у віці 3 років.
Ці діти відвідують дитячу вікову групу. Є молодша дошкільна, середня дошкільна та
старша дошкільні вікові групи.
Кожна вікова група має свою програму навчання. Середнє навантаження для дітей
становить п'ятнадцять уроків на тиждень, кожне заняття триває тридцять хвилин.
Розвиток моральних якостей та естетичних смаків дітей, їх фізичного стану посідає
центральне місце в програмі дошкільної освіти. З дітьми старшого віку більше уваги
приділяється розвитку їхніх здібностей, пам'яті, мислення та мовних навичок.
Метою дошкільної освіти є забезпечення фізичного та психічного здоров’я дітей,
сприяння їх саморозвитку, формування звичок і навичок, необхідних для навчання в
школі.
Маленькі діти знаходяться під постійним наглядом лікарів. Діти ростуть здоровими
та міцними. Щось незвичайне відразу помічають і вживають необхідних заходів. Всі
вихователі дитячого садка пройшли спеціальну підготовку, заняття з дітьми проводяться
на високому професійному рівні. Але в дитячому садку діти не тільки навчаються.
Більшість часу вони грають. У них багато іграшок.
Існують спеціальні дитячі дошкільні заклади та групи для дітей з фізичними та
психічними вадами. У цих закладах лікувально-педагогічна робота спрямована на
корекцію психофізичних вад.

3. Answer the following questions to the text:

1. Has independent Ukraine a well-developed system of education?
2. What is the initial component in the system of continuous education?
3. When do children begin to go to the kindergarten?
 4. What age-groups have kindergartens in Ukraine?
5. How many lessons do children have per week?
6. What can you say about teachers of Ukrainian kindergartens?
7. What occupies a central place in the curriculum of preschool education?

4. Put the words in right order to make sentences:

1. Begin, the, day, exercises, all, with, physical, groups. Begin the day with all physical
groups exercises.
2. Four, the, have, meals, children. THE CHILDREN HAVE FOUR MEALS.
3. Milk, meat, are, children, the, fish, eggs, vegetables, given, and, fruit. The children are
given milk, fish, eggs, fruits and vegetables
4. Are, the, around, the, about, them, children, told, world. The children are told about
the world around them
5. Music, nursery, has, twice, every, school, lessons, a week. Every nursery school has
music lessons twice a week.
6. Children, exercises, and, a lot of, in, special, do, spend, playgrounds, time,
outdoors. Children do a lot of exercises in special playgrounds and spend time
outdoors

5. Read the text. Summarize the viewpoint of each member of the panel. Express your own ideas
on the subject.
EDITOR: This month our panel looks at education. Every one seems to want
more schools. But what sort of schools do we want?
POLITICIAN: Good ones, of course. My party believes that good schools
make good citizens.
HEADMASTER: I prefer to talk of good people. In my school we aim to
develop character. We try to teach the pupils about right
and wrong, and...
MRS BARNES: But that's the Family's job! Schools should prepare children
for their future careers.
BUSINESSMAN: We'd be happy in my firm if schools taught their pupils to read, write and
count properly! But teachers don't seem to care about the needs of industry.
HEADMASTER: Work is only a part of life. We feel we must educate children for leisure too.
I'd like more art, music and games on the timetable.
PROFESSOR: There's too much already. What about academic work? Schools should pass on
knowledge from one generation to another.
EDITOR: Well, we can't agree. What does the younger generation think?

I often wonder what school will look like in a few decades. It seems to me that the school of
the future will be very different. Progress will also reach educational institutions. Our
descendants will definitely no longer carry dozens of textbooks with them, because an e-
book will come to the rescue. Schools will be technically equipped. Perhaps teachers will
use 3D technology in lessons. How wonderful it would be to immerse yourself in a past era
during a history lesson! Students will be able to choose subjects that they like. Of course,
first everyone will receive a basic education, and then go their separate ways. The school of
the future is a humane, high-tech and unusual educational institution.

6. Make up functions of the kindergarten.

 ● Logistics and equipment for the educational process, equipment of premises in
accordance with state and local standards and requirements, carried out within the limits
of one’s own financial resources;
● Selection, hiring and placement of personnel, responsibility for their level of
qualifications;
● Use and improvement of methods of the educational process and educational
technologies;
● Development and approval of general education programs;
● Establishing a structure for managing the activities of the kindergarten, staffing,
distribution of job responsibilities;
● Formation of a contingent of pupils in accordance with sanitary standards and the
established recruitment procedure;
● Independent implementation of the educational process in accordance with the Charter
and license of the kindergarten;
● Catering in kindergarten;
● Creation in the kindergarten of the necessary conditions for medical care of pupils in
order to protect and strengthen their health;
● Providing and maintaining the official website of the kindergarten on the Internet;
● Promoting the activities of pedagogical organizations and methodological associations.
●
7. Read the statements about knowledge and education. Find an appropriate Ukrainian
equipment.
1. Live and learn. а) Знання - це сила.
L

2. So many languages you know, so many b) Освіта допомагає нам дізнатися скільки
times you are a man. ми не знаємо.

E
3. Business before pleasure. с) Знання - це сила і багатство.

D
4. Knowledge is power. d) Зробив діло гуляй сміло.

A
5. Knowledge is power, knowledge is е) Скільки мов ти знаєш, стільки разів ти
wealth. людина.

C
6. It's never too late to learn. f) Вчись молодим і вчись чесно.

G
7. Repetition is the mother of learning. g) Учитись ніколи не пізно.

H
8. Better untaught than ill taught. h) Повторення - мати навчання.

J
9. A child educated only at school is і) Чим більше набираєшся знань,
uneducated person. тим більше поглиблюється інтерес.

N
10. As knowledge increases, wonder j) Краще бути неуком ніж невірно
deepens. навченим.

F
11. A little learning is a dangerous thing. k) Неосвічена дитина - пропаща душа.

M
13. Learn young, learn fair. l) Вік живи, вік учись.
14. A child uneducated is a child lost. m) Той, хто знає мало, дуже небезпечний

K
15. Education is a progressive discovery of n) Дитина, що отримує знання лише у
our own ignorance. школі - неосвічена дитина.