HERCOR COLLEGE

Km. 1 Lawaan, Roxas City, Capiz 5800

ACADEMIC YEAR 2020-2021

Department: COLLEGE OF COMPUTER STUDIES_____________ Course Code: CC105_____________________ Name of Instructor:

MARS VILLARIEZ________________________ Schedule: ______________________________ Course Descriptive Title:
INFORMATION MANAGEMENT_______ _ Semester: 2nd___________________________

Name of Student: ________________________________________ Year and Section: ________________________ Student ID

Number: ______________________________________ Contact Number: _________________________ Email Address:
__________________________________________ Alternate Contact Number: __________________

INFORMATION MANAGEMENT MODULE

(Sample image only. Attached image as you wish that depicts the course.)
Course Description:
This course is about the Information Management and the role of Information Technology to IM. Discussions are geared
toward a common understanding information management, general application of information systems, electronic
spreadsheets, database management system and its purpose. Topics include the benefits of managing information
strategically; identification of information needs, acquisition and creation of information, analysis and interpretation of
information, organization and storage of information, information access and dissemination and use of information.
Create and Construct a database using Microsoft Access and the common Data Types and the basic operations. Modify
the data using query commands and how to create forms.

Using This
 Template
This is a simple template for creating and formatting modules.

If using a PC, you can simply use the template as is. This will allow us to copy and paste what you have created. This
template uses Headings to organize content. This is something we have to do for various reasons. So, please leave
the titles of each section as is. Remember, that the contents of the course module must be coherent with the
contents of the course syllabus.

The following module content template is included in this document:

• Overview Pages

• Review Pages

• Discussions

• Assignments (Note: You will need to change this language depending on how you wish students to report
back to you)

• Sample Project Preparation & Submission Pages

While it might be fun to play with font sizes and colors, we highly suggest that you limit this for accessibility
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when finished. Doing so will help you more easily build your content into Modules.

A best practice for online/flexible courses is to allow one week for students to complete and submit their
assignments and to post their initial discussion a few days after the course module has released. This template is
based on the following example of weekly structure:

• Module Release: Monday

• Initial Discussion Posts: Thursday 11:59 AM (This could be face-to-face at a limited number of students or
do it through Google Classroom)

• Responses for Discussion Post: Thursday 11:59 AM

• Additional Assignments/Course Content/Projects: Deadline is Sunday 11:59 PM

 1

MODULE 1 CONTENT OVERVIEW PAGE

OVERVIEW
This week you will study to understand and identify the benefits of Information Management and the role of
Information Technology to IM. Familiarize the Database Management System and the purpose of Database.

Along with this study, you will try to create a simple budget worksheet as a sample output when managing Data.
Create and Use Spreadsheets program as one of the popular applications for managing information. Create and
Construct a database using Microsoft Access and the common Data Types and the basic operations.

CHAPTER 1 [INTRODUCTION. INFORMATION MANAGEMENT, INFORMATION SYSTEM APPLICATION]

OBJECTIVES
By the end of this chapter/week, you will be able to:

1. Identification of information needs

2. Acquisition and creation of information
3. Analysis and interpretation of information
4. Organization and storage of information
5. Information access and dissemination information use

WEEKLY SCHEDULE
This week, we will utilize blended learning method. Upon receiving this learning module, you shall be guided with
the lessons, discussions, and tasks need to be completed. On the “DISCUSSIONS” part of this module is for your
advance reading, make sure to read and understand the provided notes and feel free to use books or online
references provided therein. I will be posting the Initial Discussions in the GOOGLE CLASSROOM on January 28,
2021 (Thursday) from 9:01AM – 10:00AM only during your class scheduled time (Note: Enter your assigned Google
Classroom at least 5 minutes before the scheduled time using the Class Code: gvf45uu).

In addition, the assignments will be due this January 31, 2021 (Sunday) at 11:59 PM. Prepare your inquiries and
questions regarding the advanced assignments and tasks to be discussed during the Initial Discussions in the Google
Classroom. For Face-to-Face and/or Virtual discussions and review schedule will be posted during the Initial
Discussion in the Google Classroom.

2
REVIEW PAGE
REVIEW
This Module it will be divided into the following lessons:

A. INTRODUCTION
B. Information Management
C. Benefits of managing information strategically
D. Related activities of Information Management
E. Advantage and Disadvantage of IM
F. Role of Information Technology in IM
G. Most popular general application information systems
H. Electronic Spreadsheet

LESSON I

INFORMATION MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW

INTRODUCTION
Data
Data can be defined as a representation of facts, concepts, or instructions in a formalized manner, which should be
suitable for communication, interpretation, or processing by human or electronic machine.

Information
Information is organized or classified data, which has some meaningful values for the receiver. Information is the
processed data on which decisions and actions are based.

For the decision to be meaningful, the processed data must qualify for the following characteristics − Timely −
Information should be available when required.
Accuracy − Information should be accurate.

Completeness − Information should

be complete.
3
Data Processing Cycle
Data processing is the re-structuring or re-ordering of data by people or machine to increase their usefulness and
add values for a particular purpose. Data processing consists of the following basic steps - input, processing, and
output. These three steps constitute the data processing cycle.
Information management
Information management is the management of organizational processes and systems that acquire, create,
organize, distribute, and use information.

According to a process view of information management, IM is a continuous cycle of six closely related activities:
▪ identification of information needs

▪ acquisition and creation of information

▪ analysis and interpretation of information

▪ organization and storage of information

▪ information access and dissemination

▪ information use

Benefits of Information Management

There are four kinds of benefits from managing information strategically:
▪ reduce costs

▪ reduce uncertainty or risks

▪ add value to existing products or services

▪ create new value through new information-based products or services

Advantage and Disadvantage of Information Management

Advantages:
▪ communication

▪ availability

▪ minimize information overloads

▪ encourage decentralization

▪ create new types of jobs

▪ cost effectiveness and productivity

Disadvantages:
▪ sensitive data / security issues

▪ input and output quality / quantitative data only

▪ implementation expenses

▪ lack of flexibility to upgrade itself / decrease effectiveness

▪ unemployment
General Application Information System
▪ Word Processors

▪ Spreadsheets

▪ Photo-Editing Programs

▪ Database Programs

▪ Accounting Programs

4
Electronic Spreadsheet
➢ Automated version of an accountant’s ledger

➢ Made up of rows and columns of numerical data

➢ Replaces the calculator

➢ A tool to help analyze and evaluate numerical information

Uses of an Electronic Spreadsheet

▪ Cash flow analysis

▪ Budgets

▪ Inventory management

▪ Financial planning

TASK OVERVIEW
The target of this assignment is to assist you how and what are the benefits of Information Management.

TASK DIRECTIONS

For your Initial Post due by Thursday 11:59 PM:

1. Instructions and task will be send in our google classroom/google shared drive.

DISCUSSION GUIDELINES
As you read and respond to others' posts, comments and reactions especially during Online Classes via Google
Classroom, keep in mind some basic rules for Netiquette:

• Be kind and respectful to others

• Use full sentences

• Don't use too much jargon

• Treat others online as you wish to be treated

• Use language that supports others

ASSIGNMENTS

OVERVIEW
The goal of this assignment is to help you identify Information Management and functions to society. The different
components and benefits of Information Management.

DIRECTIONS
All of the students registered in this subject must send their assignment on or before required date and time.

HOW TO COMPLETE YOUR ASSIGNMENT

Submit your work either Online thru this email/Google Class or personally at the scheduled date below in Microsoft
Word 2007-2019, .docx or other word processing file. (Google Docs, Open Office are also acceptable. If you are
using iWorks, please convert to one of these file formats, as your instructor may not be able to view your
document.)

5
DIRECTIONS TO SUBMIT (IF SUBMISSION IS THROUGH ONLINE)
Submit your assignment through our google classroom, or through shared google drive or directly to my google
school account. Instructions on how to uploads and downloads data/files discussed prior the task given.

DIRECTIONS TO SUBMIT (IF SUBMISSION IS THROUGH FACE-TO-FACE)

If you were sending your task/assignment through face-to-face, kindly:

1. Bring your completed assignment in school (Main Campus) on or before January 29, 2021 until 4PM only.
2. Drop your completed assignment at the box placed in front of our assigned Classroom. 3. Make sure to
label your completed assignment with your name, course, year and section.

GRADING
1 point each answer.
No limit for answer like giving more examples.

End of Week 1 Learning Module

 6

MODULE 2 CONTENT OVERVIEW PAGE

OVERVIEW
This week you will study to understand and identify the benefits of Information Management and the role of
Information Technology to IM. Familiarize the Database Management System and the purpose of Database.

Along with this study, you will try to create a simple budget worksheet as a sample output when managing Data.
Create and Use Spreadsheets program as one of the popular applications for managing information. Create and
Construct a database using Microsoft Access and the common Data Types and the basic operations.

CHAPTER 1 [INTRODUCTION. INFORMATION MANAGEMENT, DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM]

OBJECTIVES
By the end of this chapter/week, you will be able to:

1. Identification of Database Management System

2. Acquisition and creation of Elements of Database Management System
3. Analysis of Database Management System uses.
4. Organization and functions of Database Management System
5. Information access and components of Database Management Sytem

WEEKLY SCHEDULE
This week, we will utilize blended learning method. Upon receiving this learning module, you shall be guided with
the lessons, discussions, and tasks need to be completed. On the “DISCUSSIONS” part of this module is for your
advance reading, make sure to read and understand the provided notes and feel free to use books or online
references provided therein. I will be posting the Initial Discussions in the GOOGLE CLASSROOM on February 4,
2021 (Thursday) from 9:01AM – 10:00AM only during your class scheduled time (Note: Enter your assigned Google
Classroom at least 5 minutes before the scheduled time using the Class Code: gvf45uu).

In addition, the assignments will be due this February 7, 2021 (Sunday) at 11:59 PM. Prepare your inquiries and
questions regarding the advanced assignments and tasks to be discussed during the Initial Discussions in the Google
Classroom. For Face-to-Face and/or Virtual discussions and review schedule will be posted during the Initial
Discussion in the Google Classroom.

7
REVIEW PAGE
REVIEW
This Module it will be divided into the following lessons:

A. DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

a. Elements
b. Uses
c. Functions
B. COMPONENTS OF A DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

LESSON 2

DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW

Database Management System

(DBMS) - is system software for creating and managing databases. A DBMS makes it possible for
end users to create, read, update and delete data in a database. The DBMS essentially serves as
an interface between the database and end users or application programs, ensuring that data is
consistently organized and remains easily accessible.

Purpose of Database Management Systems

Organizations use large amounts of data. A database management system (DBMS) is a
software tool that makes it possible to organize data in a database. The standard acronym for
database management system is DBMS, so you will often see this instead of the full name. The
ultimate purpose of a database management system is to store and transform data into
information to support making decisions.

A DBMS consists of the following Three Elements:

▪ The physical database: the collection of files that contain the data

▪ The database engine: the software that makes it possible to access and modify the
contents of the database
▪ The database scheme: the specification of the logical structure of the data stored in the
database

Why to use DBMS?

▪ To develop software applications in less time.

▪ Data independence and efficient use of data.

▪ For uniform data administration.

▪ For data integrity and security.

▪ For concurrent access to data, and data recovery from crashes.

▪ To use user-friendly declarative query language.

 8
Functions of a DBMS
It organizes your files to give you more control over your data.
A DBMS makes it possible for users to create, edit and update data in database files. Once
created, the DBMS makes it possible to store and retrieve data from those database files. More
specifically, a DBMS provides the following functions:

▪ Concurrency: concurrent access (meaning 'at the same time') to the same database by
multiple users
▪ Security: security rules to determine access rights of users

▪ Backup and recovery: processes to back-up the data regularly and recover data if a
problem occurs
▪ Integrity: database structure and rules improve the integrity of the data

▪ Data descriptions: a data dictionary provides a description of the data

DBMS being used by:

▪ Airlines: reservations, schedules, etc

▪ Telecom: calls made, customer details, network usage, etc

▪ Universities: registration, results, grades, etc

▪ Sales: products, purchases, customers, etc

▪ Banking: all transactions etc

Components of a Database Management System

DBMS have several components, each performing very significant tasks in the database
management system environment. Below is a list of components within the database and its
environment.
Software
This is the set of programs used to control and manage the overall database. This
includes the DBMS software itself, the Operating System, the network software being
used to share the data among users, and the application programs used to access data
in the DBMS.

Hardware
Consists of a set of physical electronic devices such as computers, I/O devices, storage
devices, etc., this provides the interface between computers and the real world
systems.

Data
DBMS exists to collect, store, process and access data, the most important component.
The database contains both the actual or operational data and the metadata.
Procedures
These are the instructions and rules that assist on how to use the DBMS, and in
designing and running the database, using documented procedures, to guide the users
that operate and manage it.

9
Database Access Language
This is used to access the data to and from the database, to enter new data,
update existing data, or retrieve required data from databases. The user writes a set
of appropriate commands in a database access language, submits these to the
DBMS, which then processes the data and generates and displays a set of results into
a user readable form.

Query Processor
This transforms the user queries into a series of low level instructions. This reads the
online user’s query and translates it into an efficient series of operations in a form
capable of being sent to the run time data manager for execution.

Run Time Database Manager

Sometimes referred to as the database control system, this is the central
software component of the DBMS that interfaces with user-submitted application
programs and queries, and handles database access at run time. Its function is to
convert operations in user’s queries. It provides control to maintain the consistency,
integrity and security of the data.

Data Manager
Also called the cache manger, this is responsible for handling of data in the database,
providing a recovery to the system that allows it to recover the data after a failure.

Database Engine
The core service for storing, processing, and securing data, this provides
controlled access and rapid transaction processing to address the requirements of
the most demanding data consuming applications. It is often used to create
relational databases for online transaction processing or online analytical processing data.

Data Dictionary
This is a reserved space within a database used to store information about the
database itself. A data dictionary is a set of read-only table and views, containing the
different information about the data used in the enterprise to ensure that database
representation of the data follow one standard as defined in the dictionary.

Report Writer
Also referred to as the report generator, it is a program that extracts
information from one or more files and presents the information in a specified format.
Most report writers allow the user to select records that meet certain conditions and
to display selected fields in rows and columns, or also format the data into different
charts.
 10
TASK OVERVIEW
The target of this assignment is to assist you about Database Management System.

TASK DIRECTIONS

For your Initial Post due by Thursday 11:59 PM:

1. Instructions and task will be send in our google classroom/google shared drive.

DISCUSSION GUIDELINES
As you read and respond to others' posts, comments and reactions especially during Online Classes via Google
Classroom, keep in mind some basic rules for Netiquette:

• Be kind and respectful to others

• Use full sentences

• Don't use too much jargon

• Treat others online as you wish to be treated

• Use language that supports others

ASSIGNMENTS

OVERVIEW
The goal of this assignment is to help you identify the flow of database management system. The different
components of database management system.

DIRECTIONS
All of the students registered in this subject must send their assignment on or before required date and time.

HOW TO COMPLETE YOUR ASSIGNMENT

Submit your work either Online thru this email/Google Class or personally at the scheduled date below in Microsoft
Word 2007-2019, .docx or other word processing file. (Google Docs, Open Office are also acceptable. If you are
using iWorks, please convert to one of these file formats, as your instructor may not be able to view your
document.)

DIRECTIONS TO SUBMIT (IF SUBMISSION IS THROUGH ONLINE)

Submit your assignment through our google classroom, or through shared google drive or directly to my google
school account. Instructions on how to uploads and downloads data/files discussed prior the task given.

DIRECTIONS TO SUBMIT (IF SUBMISSION IS THROUGH FACE-TO-FACE)

If you were sending your task/assignment through face-to-face, kindly:

1. Bring your completed assignment in school (Main Campus) on or before February 5, 2021 until 4PM only.
 2. Drop your completed assignment at the box placed in front of our assigned Classroom. 3. Make sure to
label your completed assignment with your name, course, year and section.

11
GRADING
1 point each answer.
No limit for answer like giving more examples.

End of Week 2 Learning Module

 12

MODULE 3 CONTENT OVERVIEW PAGE

OVERVIEW
This week you will study to understand and identify the benefits of Information Management and the role of
Information Technology to IM. Familiarize the Database Management System and the purpose of Database.

Along with this study, you will try to create a simple budget worksheet as a sample output when managing Data.
Create and Use Spreadsheets program as one of the popular applications for managing information. Create and
Construct a database using Microsoft Access and the common Data Types and the basic operations.

CHAPTER 1 [INTRODUCTION. INFORMATION MANAGEMENT, DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM]

OBJECTIVES
By the end of this chapter/week, you will be able to:

1. Identification the kinds of Database System

2. Acquisition the types of Database System
3. Analysis the structure of Database System
4. Organization and functions of Database Management System
5. Information of access and its components

WEEKLY SCHEDULE
This week, we will utilize blended learning method. Upon receiving this learning module, you shall be guided with
the lessons, discussions, and tasks need to be completed. On the “DISCUSSIONS” part of this module is for your
advance reading, make sure to read and understand the provided notes and feel free to use books or online
references provided therein. I will be posting the Initial Discussions in the GOOGLE CLASSROOM on February 11,
2021 (Thursday) from 9:01AM – 10:00AM only during your class scheduled time (Note: Enter your assigned Google
Classroom at least 5 minutes before the scheduled time using the Class Code: gvf45uu).

In addition, the assignments will be due this February 14, 2021 (Sunday) at 11:59 PM. Prepare your inquiries and
questions regarding the advanced assignments and tasks to be discussed during the Initial Discussions in the Google
Classroom. For Face-to-Face and/or Virtual discussions and review schedule will be posted during the Initial
Discussion in the Google Classroom.

13
REVIEW PAGE
REVIEW
This Module it will be divided into the following lessons:

A. KINDS OF DATABASE
B. TYPES OF DATABASE
C. STRUCTURED DATABASE MODELS
D. MS ACCESS

LESSON 3

KINDS OF DATABASE OVERVIEW

Kinds of Databases

▪ Structured Database
It is also called the structured data in which a record or file of information is arrange in a
uniform format.
▪ Free-form Database
It is a loose collection of information, such as those you will find on the World Wide
Web. A collection of your documents in the computer made from several programs can be
considered as free-form database.

Types of Databases

▪ Operational Database
It is a dynamic database that is used by any organization in its day-to-day operation. They
used to collect data, maintain, modify and delete data.
▪ Analytical Database
It is static database, where data is rarely modified. This database is often used to store and
tract historical data to make long term projections and analysis.

Structured Database Models

▪ Hierarchical Model
This model can be visualized as a parent-child relationship wherein a child may only have
one parent but parent can have several other children. They are tied and linked together by
“pointers” wherein a parent will have pointers to each child.
▪ Network Model
This model was developed to address in part the problems of the hierarchical model. As with
hierarchical model, it could be visualized as an inverted tree; however, this model allows many
inverted trees sharing branches but still part of the same database structure.
 14
MS Access
Microsoft Access is a database management system (DBMS) from Microsoft that combines the
relational Microsoft Jet Database Engine with a graphical user interface and software
development tools.

Database Table
A table is a collection of related data held in a table format within a database. It consists of
columns, and rows.

Database
A database is a named collection of tables. A database can also contain views, indexes,
sequences, data types, operators, and functions. Other relational database products use the
term catalog.

Command
A command is a string that you send to the server in hopes of having the server do something
useful. Some people use the word statement to mean command. The two words are very similar
in meaning and, in practice, are interchangeable.

Query
A query is a type of command that retrieves data from the server.

Table (relation, file, class)

A table is a collection of rows. A table usually has a name, although some tables are temporary
and exist only to carry out a command. All the rows in a table have the same shape (in other
words, every row in a table contains the same set of columns). In other database systems, you
may see the terms relation, file, or even class? These are all equivalent to a table.

Column (field, attribute)

A column is the smallest unit of storage in a relational database. A column represents one piece
of information about an object. Every column has a name and a data type. Columns are grouped
into rows, and rows are grouped into tables.
The terms field and attribute have similar meanings.

Row (record, tuple)

A row is a collection of column values. Every row in a table has the same shape (in other words,
every row is composed of the same set of columns).

Different Types of Database Keys

Key – One or more columns in a database table that is used to sort and/or identify rows in a
table. e.g., if you were sorting people by the field salary then the salary field is the key. Primary
key. A primary key is a one or more fields that uniquely identifies a row in a table. The primary
key cannot be null (blank). The primary key is indexed.

15
Foreign key. A foreign key is a relationship between columns in two database tables (one of
which is indexed) designed to insure consistency of data.

Composite key. A primary key composed of one or more columns e.g. a staff table STAFF
contains the fields FNAME and LNAME for first and last names respectively. The primary key can
be formed using the fields.

Natural key. A composite primary key which is composed of attributes (fields) which already
exist in the real world e.g. First Name, Last Name, Social Security Number. .

Surrogate key. A primary key which is internally generated (typically auto-incremental integer
value) that does not exist in the real world.

Candidate key. A candidate key is a column or group of columns that can uniquely identify a
row in the table without referring to any other source. In a table which has multiple candidate
keys one is selected to be the primary key.

Compound key. A composite key consisting of two or more fields that uniquely describe a row
in a table. The difference between compound and candidate is that all of the fields in the
compound key are foreign keys; in the candidate key one or more of the fields may be foreign
keys (but it is not mandatory). You could have an EMPLOYEE table with a candidate key using
PASSPORT_NUMBER and another using SOCIAL_SECURITY_NUMBER. In exclusion both can
uniquely identify a row. Either can be used as a primary key (but not both since a table can have
only one primary key).

TASK OVERVIEW
The target of this assignment is to assist you about Different kinds of Database.

TASK DIRECTIONS

For your Initial Post due by Thursday 11:59 PM:

1. Instructions and task will be send in our google classroom/google shared drive.

DISCUSSION GUIDELINES
As you read and respond to others' posts, comments and reactions especially during Online Classes via Google
Classroom, keep in mind some basic rules for Netiquette:

• Be kind and respectful to others

• Use full sentences

• Don't use too much jargon

• Treat others online as you wish to be treated

• Use language that supports others

 16
ASSIGNMENTS

OVERVIEW
The goal of this assignment is to help you identify the different kinds of database. The different types, structures
and MS Access environment.

DIRECTIONS
All of the students registered in this subject must send their assignment on or before required date and time.

HOW TO COMPLETE YOUR ASSIGNMENT

Submit your work either Online thru this email/Google Class or personally at the scheduled date below in Microsoft
Word 2007-2019, .docx or other word processing file. (Google Docs, Open Office are also acceptable. If you are
using iWorks, please convert to one of these file formats, as your instructor may not be able to view your
document.)

DIRECTIONS TO SUBMIT (IF SUBMISSION IS THROUGH ONLINE)

Submit your assignment through our google classroom, or through shared google drive or directly to my google
school account. Instructions on how to uploads and downloads data/files discussed prior the task given.

DIRECTIONS TO SUBMIT (IF SUBMISSION IS THROUGH FACE-TO-FACE)

If you were sending your task/assignment through face-to-face, kindly:

1. Bring your completed assignment in school (Main Campus) on or before February 12, 2021 until 4PM only.
2. Drop your completed assignment at the box placed in front of our assigned Classroom. 3. Make sure to
label your completed assignment with your name, course, year and section.

GRADING
1 point each answer.
No limit for answer like giving more examples.

End of Week 3 Learning Module

 17

MODULE 4 CONTENT OVERVIEW PAGE

OVERVIEW
This week you will study to understand and identify the benefits of Information Management and the role of
Information Technology to IM. Familiarize the Database Management System and the purpose of Database.

Along with this study, you will try to create a simple budget worksheet as a sample output when managing Data.
Create and Use Spreadsheets program as one of the popular applications for managing information. Create and
Construct a database using Microsoft Access and the common Data Types and the basic operations.

CHAPTER 1 [INTRODUCTION. INFORMATION MANAGEMENT, DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM]

OBJECTIVES
By the end of this chapter/week, you will be able to:

1. Identification the Database Normalization

2. Acquisition the Normalization Rule
3. Analysis the other Normalization Rule
4.

WEEKLY SCHEDULE
This week, we will utilize blended learning method. Upon receiving this learning module, you shall be guided with
the lessons, discussions, and tasks need to be completed. On the “DISCUSSIONS” part of this module is for your
advance reading, make sure to read and understand the provided notes and feel free to use books or online
references provided therein. I will be posting the Initial Discussions in the GOOGLE CLASSROOM on February 18,
2021 (Thursday) from 9:01AM – 10:00AM only during your class scheduled time (Note: Enter your assigned Google
Classroom at least 5 minutes before the scheduled time using the Class Code: gvf45uu).

In addition, the assignments will be due this February 21, 2021 (Sunday) at 11:59 PM. Prepare your inquiries and
questions regarding the advanced assignments and tasks to be discussed during the Initial Discussions in the Google
Classroom. For Face-to-Face and/or Virtual discussions and review schedule will be posted during the Initial
Discussion in the Google Classroom.

18
REVIEW PAGE
REVIEW
This Module it will be divided into the following lessons:

A. DATABASE NORMALIZATION
B. NORMALIZATION RULE
C. OTHER NORMALIZATION RULE

LESSON 3

DATABASE NORMALIZATION OVERVIEW

Database Normalization
Database Normalization is a technique of organizing the data in the database. Normalization is a
systematic approach of decomposing tables to eliminate data redundancy (repetition) and
undesirable characteristics like Insertion, Update and Deletion Anomalies.

Normalization is used for mainly two purposes,

Eliminating redundant (useless) data.
Ensuring data dependencies make sense data is logically stored.

Normalization Rule
First Normal Form
Eliminate repeating groups in individual tables.
Create a separate table for each set of related data.
Identify each set of related data with a primary key.

Second Normal Form

Create separate tables for sets of values that apply to multiple records.
Relate these tables with a foreign key.

Third Normal Form

Eliminate fields that do not depend on the key.

Other Normalization Forms

Fourth normal form, also called Boyce Codd Normal Form (BCNF), and fifth normal form do
exist, but are rarely considered in practical design. Disregarding these rules may result in less
than perfect database design, but should not affect functionality.

19
Normalizing an Example Table
These steps demonstrate the process of normalizing a fictitious student table.
Unnormalized table:
Student# Advisor Adv-Room Class1 Class2 Class3 1022 Jones 412 101-07 143-01
159-02 4123 Smith 216 201-01 211-02 214-01

First Normal Form: No Repeating Groups

Tables should have only two dimensions. Since one student has several classes, these classes
should be listed in a separate table. Fields Class1, Class2, and Class3 in the above records are
indications of design trouble.

Spreadsheets often use the third dimension, but tables should not. Another way to look at this
problem is with a one-to-many relationship, do not put the one side and the many side in the
same table. Instead, create another table in first normal form by eliminating the repeating
group (Class#), as shown below:

Student# Advisor Adv-Room Class#

1022 Jones 412 101-07
1022 Jones 412 143-01
1022 Jones 412 159-02
4123 Smith 216 201-01
4123 Smith 216 211-02
4123 Smith 216 214-01

Second Normal Form: Eliminate Redundant Data

Note the multiple Class# values for each Student# value in the above table. Class# is not
functionally dependent on Student# (primary key), so this relationship is not in second normal
form.
The following two tables demonstrate second normal form:
Students:
Student# Advisor Adv-Room
1022 Jones 412
4123 Smith 216
Registration:
Student# Class#
1022 101-07
1022 143-01
1022 159-02
4123 201-01
4123 211-02
4123 214-01

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Third Normal Form: Eliminate Data Not Dependent On Key
In the last example, Adv-Room (the advisor's office number) is functionally dependent on the
Advisor attribute. The solution is to move that attribute from the Students table to the Faculty
table, as shown below:
Students:
Student# Advisor
1022 Jones
4123 Smith

Faculty:
Name Room Dept
Jones 412 42
Smith 216 42

TASK OVERVIEW
The target of this assignment is to assist you about Normalization Rule.

TASK DIRECTIONS

For your Initial Post due by Thursday 11:59 PM:

1. Instructions and task will be send in our google classroom/google shared drive.

DISCUSSION GUIDELINES
As you read and respond to others' posts, comments and reactions especially during Online Classes via Google
Classroom, keep in mind some basic rules for Netiquette:

• Be kind and respectful to others

• Use full sentences

• Don't use too much jargon

• Treat others online as you wish to be treated

• Use language that supports others

ASSIGNMENTS

OVERVIEW
The goal of this assignment is to help you identify the Database Normalization. The different types of Normalization
Rule.

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DIRECTIONS
All of the students registered in this subject must send their assignment on or before required date and time.
HOW TO COMPLETE YOUR ASSIGNMENT
Submit your work either Online thru this email/Google Class or personally at the scheduled date below in Microsoft
Word 2007-2019, .docx or other word processing file. (Google Docs, Open Office are also acceptable. If you are
using iWorks, please convert to one of these file formats, as your instructor may not be able to view your
document.)

DIRECTIONS TO SUBMIT (IF SUBMISSION IS THROUGH ONLINE)

Submit your assignment through our google classroom, or through shared google drive or directly to my google
school account. Instructions on how to uploads and downloads data/files discussed prior the task given.

DIRECTIONS TO SUBMIT (IF SUBMISSION IS THROUGH FACE-TO-FACE)

If you were sending your task/assignment through face-to-face, kindly:

1. Bring your completed assignment in school (Main Campus) on or before February 19, 2021 until 4PM only.
2. Drop your completed assignment at the box placed in front of our assigned Classroom. 3. Make sure to
label your completed assignment with your name, course, year and section.

GRADING
1 point each answer.
No limit for answer like giving more examples.

End of Week 4 Learning Module

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