ZIMBABWE. MINISTRY OF HIGHER AND TERTIARY EDUCATION HIGHER EDUCATION EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL (HEXCO) NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN (QUANTITY SURVEYING /ARCHITECTURAL TECHNOLOGY SUBJECT: Construction Materials PAPER NO: 218/801 OCTOBER/NOVEMBER 2012 EXAMINATION REQUIREMENTS Answer Booklet INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATE Answer any FOUR (4) questions, ‘This paper conslats of B printed pagesPAPER NO: 318/801 - CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL QUESTION 1 8] Define aggregates and give two classes of aggregate. (9 marks} b) State the characteristics of aggregate (8 marks) Give the function of sand in mortar and explain what you understand by bulking of sand, (10 marks} 4) Outline any three types of stones and give their characterises. (6 marks) ‘Question 2 8) Identify and explain three (3) types of lime used in the cons:ruction industry, (15 marks) b) Briefly explain the dry process of cement manufacturing, (6 marks) | Explain setting of concrete. (4 marks) QUESTION 3 a) Discuss any four (4) admixture of concrete. (12 marks) >) Explain the carrying out of the compaction factor, (13 marks} QUESTION 4 4] Explain the following: 3) Ductiity (2 marke) Malleabiity (2 marks) ii) Stress (2 marks) iv) Elastic limit (2 marks) vy Plasticity (2 mares) | With the aid of a diagram, explain the manufacture of iron stating, the equation involved, (15 marks) QuesTion s 44] State the constituency of ordinary Portland cement ane! their relative proportion. (4 marks) b) Briefly explain the dry process of manufacturing cement. (20 marks} There are two types of setting of concrete, ean you brielly arieulate this stating the time being allowed (S marks) 4) What are the precautions that are to be observed when storing cement? (6 marks}ZIMBABWE HIGHER EDUCATION EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN QUANTITY SURVEYING SUBJECT: Construction Materials PAPER NO. 318/801 DATE: 7 November 2002 ‘TIME: 1400-1700 hours REQUIREMENTS INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES 1. Answer any five questions. 2. Bach question must be answered on a fresh page. ‘This paper consists of S printed pages.PAPER NO, 318/801 - CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS QUESTION 1 a] Define the following terms associated with metals: ) strength ii) alloyability iil) fatigue (3 marks) b) Identify any five advantages of using steel as a building material as compared to timber. (5 marks) ¢) Identify and discuss the methods you would use to protect steel ‘against corrosion in the following circumstances: 4) roofing sheet i) water tub ii) man-hole cover (6 marks) 4) Describe briefy the manufacture, properties and uses of wrought iron. (6 marks) } Discuss the effect of the carbon content on steel (2 marks) Question 2 a) Describe any four advantages of softwoods over hardwoods. (4 marks) 1b) Describe the causes of the following natural defects in timber. i) rind gall i) burr iil) twisted grain iv) knot. (4 marks) ©} What is meant by conversion of timber and why should the methods siffer? (4 marks) d) i) Identify the main agents causing the deterioration of timber: (1% marks) ii) Why are some timbers naturally resistant to decay? (1% marks) ¢) Differentiate between: 4) chipboard and blockboard (2-marks) iy dryrotand wet rot (i mark 4} What is the objective of seasoning timber? (2 marks)PAPER NO, 218/S01 - CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS QUESTION 3 8) Identify and describe any four advantages any four advantages bricks offer over blocks. (4 marks) b) Identify the four main constituents of a clay brick and describe the function of each, (4 marks) €)__ Describe how a clay junction pipe is formed, (4 marks) 4) How is glazing achieved in bricks? ii) What new properties does the brick acquire? (3 mark €} —i)__Describe in general the water absorption test in bricks. (3 marks) i) Why dowe carry it out? (2 marks) QUESTION 4 a) Discuss any four properties that building stone should possess to qualify as a building material. (4 marks) b) One of the main problems encountered in mining of stone ceposits is ‘environmental degradation. Discuss any mechanisms that can be put in place to alleviate this problem. (S marks) ©) i) What are the main functions of sand in mortar? (2 marks) ji) Discuss any three properties that a good sand shoule possess. (@ rarks) 4) i) What type of rock is granite? (4 mark) 3) Briefly describe how it was formed. (1 marks) lil) What are its main properties? (2% marks) iv) Identify its main uses, (2 marks) QUESTION 5 a) A bridge on a busy highway has been damaged by rains and a temporary bridge has to built whilst the major one is repaired. i) What type of cement do you recommend for the construction of this temporary bridge so that it can be used as soon as possible? Justify your answer. (3 marks) ii) Suppose this cement is not available and you only heve ordinary Portland Cement. What would you do to improve its properties? (2 marks)PAPER NO. 318/801 ~ CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS b) Describe briefly the manufacture properties and uses of building lines. (6 marks) ©) Discuss the method you would use to batch the following materials on. 1) aggregates, (2 marks) ii) cement (2 marks) ii) water (1 mark) 4d) Grading of aggregates is very important in concrete mix design Discuss, (6 marks) a) Discuss any five factors affecting the workability of concrete. (G marks) b) Discuss how you would resolve the following situations: 3) im the middle of concreting you run out of cement. (2 marks) ii) it starts raining hard when you are concreting outdoors. (2 marks) iv) lunch time arrives whilst you are still concreting, (2 marks) ©) Discuss any four advantages that pre-cast concrete offers over concrete cast in situ, (4 marks) 4) i) Differentiate between destructive and non destructive tests in determining the strength of concrete. (2 marks) ii) Describe one non destructive test (3 marks)PAPER NO. 318/S01 ~ CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS QUESTION 7 8) Describe the following asphalt products i) bitumen (2 marks) i) tar (2 marks) ii) blown asphalts (2 marks) b) Describe how you would determine the viscosity of an asphalt using the penetration test (5 marks) ©) Identity any four factors affecting the curing rate of asphalts and discuss them, (4 marks) 4d) Describe briefly the composition, properties and uses of mastic asphalt (8 marks) IraZIMBABWE MINISTRY OF HIGHER AND TERTIARY EDUCATION, SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT HIGHER EDUCATION EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL (HEXCO) NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN QUANTITY SURVEYING SUBJECT: Construction Materials PAPER NO: 318/13/801 DURATION: 3 Hours OCTOBER/NOVEMBER 2015 EXAMINATION REQUIREMENTS INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATE 1. Answer any five (5) Questions 2. Begin each answer on a fresh page 3. All diagrams should be neat and clear This paper consists of J printed pages.PAPER NO: 318/13/801 - CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS. QuEsTION 1 @) Draw and clearly label the blast furnace. (@ marks} ¥) Explain two processes used to refine steel (6 marks} ©} Discuss properties and uses of any three types of stee! in construction. (6 marks} ouEstion 2 4@]__Distinguish between softwoods and hard woods, (+ marks) | Describe the process of Air Seasoning in timber. (6 marks) ©) Briefly describe five natural defects in timber. (10 marks) QuESTION 9 8] Define the following terms used in the preparation of brieke clays |} Weathering ii) Tempering (¢ marks) }) Describe the following types of bricks and where they are used 4) Facings 4) Paving bricks Si Engineering bricks (9 marks) Discuss the types of paints used in the construction industry (7 masks)PAPER NO: 918/13/801 - CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS ‘QUESTION + 8} Give purposes of cement and aggregates in concrete (6 marks} b) Define the following terms as used in concrete: a Curing ii) Hydration iil) Workabitity iM Setting vy) Hardening (S marks) )_ Give reasons for carrying out a slump test on site (2 marks) 4d) Define ready mixed concrete (2 marks) ¢|__ Fully explain the importance of curing conerete and how it iscarsied out. (S marks) ‘QUESTION s 4) Describe the preservatives in stonework: (6 mark) b) Give the advantages and disadvantages of using stone in construction (S marks) ©) Differentiate between thermoplastics and thermosets, (@ marks) ‘QUESTION 6 9) Briefly explain how glass is manufactured. (10 marks) >) Differentiate between fat lime and hydraulic lime. (10 marks) 1 3MINISTRY OF HIGHER AND TERTIARY EDUCATION HIGHER EDUCATION EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL (HEXCO) NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN (QUANTITY SURVEYING / ARCHITECTURAL TECHNOLOGY SUBJECT: Construction Materials PAPER NO: $18/S01, NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2010 EXAMINATION REQUIREMENTS INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATE Answer any FIVE questions. {All questions carry equal marks -20 marks. Begin each question on a new page. “This paper consists of 3 printed pages. osPER NO: 31 QUESTION 1 8) 3) Define a polymer. 2 marks) i) Compare and contrast polyethylene and Urea formaldehyde. ‘2 marks) b) Identity any five properties of plastics 5 marks) ©} Discuss the conditions which a drainage pipe has to meet, ‘3 marks) @) Describe how asbestos cement pipes are produced. 5 marks) ©) Compare and contrast the main differences between steel pipes and ceramic pipes. (3 marks) (QUESTION 2 8) Describe the general manufacture of lime. 5S marks) B) Give the diflerences between the following:= i) Fatlime and hydraulic lime ii) Quick slaking lime and Slow Staking Lime 4 marks} Explain three properties of cement with the aid of diagrams. (6 marks) 4d) List five types of cement and give one application for each, 6 marks) ouesmion's ) 4) App! the following properties of metals to the construction irdustry:- i) Hardness wed ee! i i) Malleability “ Pre8 inee ii). Strengen Y i) Ductilty ~ * ese ¥} Toughness — ue © ‘eu (S marks) b) Give a brief account of the production of pig iron. (S marks) ) Define Wet and Dry Corrosion, (marks) 4d) Name four methods of protecting steel against corrosion. (4 marks) ¢) Give the major properties of Aluminium which makes it usefel in construction. (4 marks) QUESTIONS ) 1a] Discuss any four defects of timber. (4 marks) 1D) Describe fully any artificial method of seasoning timber. (5 marie ©) Mentify any five advantages timber offers as building material, a8 compared to steel, (S marks) 4) Discuss any three methods of preserving timber. (3 marks) ©} Give the differences between hardwood and heartwood. (3 marke), aPAPER NO: 318/801 - CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS ‘Qusmion s —) 8) Give four advantages of indentations and perforations in bricks. He marks) | Describe fully the wire cut method of manufacturing bricks. #4 marks) ¢)__ Explain elflorescents in bricks and give your brief assessment. marks) 4) i) Give the Chief constituent materials in bricks, 4 marks) 4i) Describe the function of materials in () 14 marks} WUESTION 6 a} Defing'the following types of bitumens:- 3) straight run cut back 5) emulsion iy) wearing course '4 marks) b) Describe the chemical classification of rocks. {6 marks) ©)___Deseribe the formation, properties and uses of marble in the construction industry, |¢ marks} 4) Discuss any four agents that cause deterioration of store products, If marks) €}_ Give two characteristics of stones. [2 marks) ‘QUESTION 7 a} Explaifi any three good properties of aggregates, (6 marks} b) Define common terms in concrete: 4) segregation i) bleeding 4) workability (@ marks) ) Describe the compaction test of concrete with aid of a diagram, (S marks) @) dently three types of admixtures and explain briefly their fenctions, (marks)MINISTRY OF HIGHER AND TERTIARY EDUCATION HIGHER EDUCATION EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL (HEXCO) NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN (QUANTITY SURVEYING / ARCHITECTURAL TECHNOLOGY SUBJECT: Construction Materials PAPER NO: 318/801 OCTOBER / NOVEMBER 2013 EXAMINATION REQUIREMENTS INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATE 1. Answer any five (5) questions. 2. Draw neat sketches as much as possible where applicable. This paper consists of 4 printed pages.PAPER NO: 318/801 ~ CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS QUESTION 1 4] Give characteristics properties of i) Grey cast iron fi] White cast iron iil) Malleable cast iron vj Wrought ron ¥— Lawearbon steel ( marks) b) Identity Applications for the following classes of steel in the constriction industry. i) High yield tect ii) Corrosion resistant stee! ‘i steel (6 marks) ©) Give the major distinguish lines between thermosetts and thermoplastics. (6 marks) QUESTION 2 a) Explain any two admixtures highlighting their importance in concrete (4 marke) | Water is an essential / component of concrete, ‘Comment briefly on the above statement, (3 marks) ©} Identity descriptions and applications ofthe following properties of, aggregates i) Strength ii) Toughness ii) Blasticity js) Surface texture and grading (7% marks) 8) Deseribe fully the vebe test in concrete, (4 marks) ©) Give three (3) methods applied in curing of concrete. (1% marks}‘PAPER NO: 318/801 - CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS ‘QUESTION 3 8] Identify the five (5) Chief Constituents of clay that make molding of bricks simple (2 mark b) Differentiate between Engineering bricks and common bricks, (@ marks) 6) Mlustrate a brick with indentation or cylindrical hotes, ‘Suggest two advantages of having perforations in bricks, (3 marke) 16) Discuss any two comprehensive processes in manufacturing of brick, (4 marke) €) List five (5) properties of clay bricks (2% marke) | Explain the following giving strengths and weaknesses, |} Solid Blocks ii) Hollow blocks 4) Cellular blocks (6 marks} question ¢ 2} 3} Mention the ideal stone type for building walls in a trepical rain forest. (1 mark} 4i) Describe briefly genetic oceurrence of the above mentioned stone. (2 marks) | Explain briefly the following properties of rocks 3) Resistance to fre i) Specific gravity ii) Streake jy) Cleavage Vy) Bagy of dressing (10 marks) 3) Give the three differences between fat lime and hydraulic lime (3 marks) 43) Comment briefly about storage and accommodation of lime. (marks)PAPER NO: 318/801 - CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS UB a) NS Explain the meaning of bitumen emulsions and describe briefly how they "break" or set. Hence indicate why pounding shoud be avoided. Give two applications of bitumen emulsions in construction. (6 marks) 0) Differentiate between softwoods and hardwoods in timber. (marks) 6) Bvaluate effects of moisture on timber. (3 marks) 4) Give six (6) properties of timber in Construction industry, (6 marks) €} Give solutions to dry rot in timber (2 marks} QUESTION 6 4] Give the major differences between wet and dry processes of manufacturing cement, (4 marks) b) Explain briefly the folowing and give possible applications 4) High alumina cement | Pozzolanic cement ii) Normal Portland cement [PC 15) Jv) Rapid hardening Portland Cement (6% marks) <] List three (3} main components of paint. (1% marks) 4) Describe briefly §) Emulsion paints ii) Cellulose paints ii) Bituminous paints (6 marks} Explain composition and properties of glass (2 marks) fps